US2120605A - Chimney and/or ventilating cowl - Google Patents

Description

June 14, 1938. E. L. FORD ET AL 2,120,605

CHIMNEY AND/OR VENTILATING COWL Filed April 22, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY June 14, 1938. E. L. FORD ET AL CHIMNEY AND/0R VENTILATING COWL Filed April 22, 1956 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 14, 1938. E. L. FORD El AL v CHIMNEY AND/OR VENTILATING COWL Filed April 22, 1936' 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 14, 1938.

E. 1.. FORD ET AL CHIMNEY AND/OR VENTILATING GOWL Filed April 22, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 m/z/s/vrow i W ATTO/P/VEV June 1933- E. 1.. FORD ET AL 2,120,505

CHIMNEY AND/OR VENTILATING COWL Filed April 22, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fig. 11. 3

ATTO/F/VE) Patented June 14, 1938 UNITED STATES CHIMNEY AND/OR VENTILATING COWL Ernest Leonard Ford and Thomas Frederick William Brown, Darlington, England Application April 22, 1936, Serial No. 75,876

- In Great Britain April 23, 1935 v 5 Claims.

This invention relates to chimney and/or yen-.-

tilating cowls and it has for its object the provision of a cowl adapted to be attached to or mounted on a chimney-pot,- said cowl serving 5 the dual purpose of preventing down-draught in chimneys and simultaneously ventilating the room to which the chimney has access, and to this end the cowl comprises a plurality of similarly formed equally spaced vertically disposed directed vertical edges, the vertical apertures between said slats being unscreened onthe outside,

so as to providefree rectilinear paths for the 15 outflow of gases from the interior of the cowl to the atmosphere, said. slats being connected at their upper ends to or formed in one with a shallow dome-shaped plate and at their lower ends to a member adapted to be slipped into a ber'in any desired manner. v

i The invention .further consists in the provision of a second seriesof similarly formed slats concentrically disposed relatively to the first named series, the slats of one series being disposed immediately opposite the spaces between the other series, but so disposed as to provide a free. annular space between thetwo series and free nontortuous paths for the outflow of gases.

The invention further consists in the provision of storm-proof slats or louvres in the spaces between the vertical edges of the slats for the exclusion of driving rain. 4

Inthe accompanying drawings which illustrate 35- this invention:--

Figure 1 is an elevation of one embodiment of construction;

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic transverse section on line 2- 2 of Figure 1; Figure 3 is an elevation with part of the exterior broken away to show interior parts of a modification; I

Figure 4 is adiagrammatic transverse section on line IV-IV of Figure 3; I Figure 5 is an elevation with part of the exterior broken away to show interior parts of a further modification; I

Figure 6 is a transverse section on line VIVI of Figure 5; v

Figure 7 is an elevation with part' of the exterior broken away to show interior parts of a still further modification; Figure 8 is a transverse section on line VIII-VIII of Figure 7 of one half of the cowl;

deflector slats, each of said slats having a central chimney pot or secured to a stack or roof mem- I Figure 9 is a sectional elevation of a modified form of dome;

Figure 10 is a sectional elevation of a further modified form of dome; vFigure 11 is an elevation with part of the ex- 5 terior broken away to show interior parts of a still further modification, and, Figure 12 is a transverse section on line XIIXII of Figure 11 of one half of the cowl.

According to the embodiment of the invention 10 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 designed for use in chimney pots for the purpose of preventing down-draught in the chimney and also for ventilating purposes, the cowl is composed of a plurality of flat slats I, the outer longitudinal edges 15 2 of which are bent towards eachother at n angle to the centre part of the slat. The upper ends of the slats thus formed, of which there may be any desired number, according to the size of the chimney pot, are secured to the underside of a'shallow dome-shaped plate 3 with the angularly disposed edges 2 directed outwardly leaving van elongated aperture lbetween ,the edges of each adjacent slat. The lower ends 5 of said slats are directed inwardly and downwardly and are secured by rivets or in any other desired manner to a plain, tapered or split skirt 6 furnished, if desired, with spring members I adaptedto be slipped into the upper end of a chimney pot 8, or when, used for ventilating'purposes only, said slats are secured to a part adapted to be secured to a separate base or to the roof or other part immediately above a ventilating shaft or aperture provided therein.

According to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in' Figures 3 and 4, a further set of similarly formed slats 9 are concentrically disposed relatively to the slats I, the slats 9 being disposed inside of and immediately opposite the elongated apertures 4 between the slats, I. ,To enable each series of slats to be equal in number and the spacing between the slats to be approximately the same, the slats 9 are preferably' made somewhat narrower than the slats l as shown; The upper ends of the slats 9 are secured to the dome-shaped'plate land the lower ends ID are riveted or otherwise secured to the inside of the ring ll provided at the top of the skirt l2 which, in the embodiment illustrated, is shown provided with a'V-shaped member I3 adapted'to be secured to a roof structure, the

7 lower' ends 5 of the outer slats .I being formed as above described and secured to the outside of the ring ll.

Referring to Figures 5 and '6, the lower ends 5 of the outer slats I are secured to the inside face of a conical member ll secured to a cylindrical member II and the lower ends III of the slats 9 are secured to that part of the cylindrical member II which extends upwardly beyond the member I I. To avoid water collecting in the pocket formed between the inside of the conical member I4 and the exterior of the upper part of the cylindrical member IS, the conical member I4 ls furnished with a plurality of apertures I6.

According to a modification as shown in the lower part of Figure 7, the cylindrical member I5 is provided with a secondconical member II to the inside surface of which are secured the lower ends IQ of the inner slats 9, said conical member II being provided with a plurality of apertures l9 similar to the apertures IS in the conical member I4.

For the purpose of preventing the entry of driving rain into the interior of the cowl, a-plurality of conical members I9 may, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, be secured within the interior of the cowl to the inner faces of the inner slats 9, said conical members being so arranged that the upper part of the cylindrical member I5 extends into the lowermost conical member I9 and the upper part of the latter extends into the member above same and so on. Any rain or the like that may be blown through the spaces between the slats I and 9 will be projected onto the conical members I9 and will drop therefrom into the annular space between the conical member I4 and cylindrical member I! and will pass therefrom through the apertures I6, or in the case of the construction shown in Figures 7 and 8, said rain or the like will fall first into the annular space between the cylindrical member I! and the conical member II through the apertures I9 and then into the lower conical member I l and out through the apertures I8. I

In the embodiment illustrated in Figures '7 and 8, the means for preventing the entry of driving rain comprises a plurality of horizontally and angularly disposed slats or louvres 20 inserted in the space between the outer vertical slats I, to which they are secured in any desired manner such as by riveting or welding.

The dome 9 to which the upper ends of the slats I and 9 are secured, may, if desired for use in extreme cases of downwardly directed air currents, be formed as a double dome composed of the annular dome-shaped plate 2I to which the slats I and 9 are secured and the covering dome plate 22 connected to the plate 2| by straps 29 as shown in Figure 9, or, it may, as shown in Figure 10, be composed of two annular domeshaped plates 24, 25 and the covering domeshaped plate 26 connected to each other by the straps 21. g

The action of the cowl is diagrammatically illustrated by means of directional arrows in Figures 2, 3 and 4.

Referring to Figure 2, the arrows a on the left indicate wind blowing directly onto any slat I; in this case the wind current is deflected by the angularly disposed edges 2 across the apertures l and sets up an extractor action as indicated by the arrows b. Should the wind blow directly into any of the apertures 4 between the slats I as indicated by the arrows c on the right of said fig ure, said wind in part enters said aperture but is drawn out again through adjacent apertures by the extractor action of the currents deflected by the slats I and the edges 2 thereof as indicated by the arrows d and e, the air from the building stand away from the dome.

being ventilated or the smoke from the chimney thereof being simultaneously extracted.

In the case of the construction shown in Figure 4 embodying the combination of two series of deflector slats, the direction of the wind is indicated by the arrows j on the right of the figure, that is, the wind is blowing directly into one of the apertures l. The provision of the inner deflector slats 9 increases the velocity of the air stream in the annular space between the two series of deflectors, thereby creating a high ejector action over the apertures formed between the inner deflector slats and a zone of reduced air pressure is created on the opposite side of the cowl, that is, at the part a.

Referring now to Figure 3, the arrows h and i indicate downward and upward air currents respectively, both of which create extraction.

In the modified construction illustrated in Figures 11 and 12, the upper ends of the slats I instead of being directly connected to the dome 9 are connected thereto by spacing brackets which may, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, be of triangular form having an open centre as shown at 29, or, of U-shaped form as shown at 29 on the left of Figure 12, or, of two independent strips similar to the strips 29-but without the part connecting the same to the slat so that said slats The lower ends of the slats I are connected by means of brackets III to the upper edge of the inverted cone-shaped member 9!, the lower part of which is secured to the cylindrical member I 5. The upper ends of the inner slats 9 are, as before, connected directly to the dome 9 which is of deep sectional form, but their lower ends are connected to the cone-shaped member 9I by brackets 92. The interior of the cowl thus formed is provided with a plurality of conical members 99 secured at their lower edges to the inner slats 9 by brackets 94 but instead of said conical members being arranged as the conical members I9 shown in Figures 5 and 6, they are, as shown in Figure 11, provided at their upper ends with a cylindrical part 99 and said upper ends do not in this case extend up wardly into the conical member above but a space is left between the lower edge of one conical member and the upper cylindrical edge of the conical member immediately above. The upper conical member 99 is formed somewhat deeper than the lower members 99 so that the diameter of the cylindrical part 95 of this member is less than the diameter of the cylindrical. parts 95 on said lower members and the upper edge thereof lies approximately in the same plane as the lower edge of the dome 9. The upper end of the cylindrical member II is provided with a conical member 96, the lower edge of which is connected to the inverted cone-shaped member 9|, which latter is provided with apertures 91 so that rain entering between-the outer slats I and,

deposited on the inner slats 9 and conical members 99, 99 will fall into the conical channel formed by the members 9I and 99 and out of the apertures 91.

The advantages of the foregoing construction are that it is possible to use larger outer deflectors and smaller inner deflectors and a reduced number of each, and the outer deflectors, standing away from the edge of the dome coupled with the particular shape of the dome, increase the efll-,

I over the side apertures and the drain apertures 31 in the lower cone 3|.

What we claim is:-

1. A cowl adapted to be secured to a roof structure comprising in combination a plurality of equally spaced vertically disposed deflector slats, each of which is formed with a flat central portion and with angularly disposed outwardly directed vertical edges, said slats being arranged in two concentrically disposed series, the slats of the inner series being arranged directly opposite the spaces between the slats of the outer series, a dome shaped element comprising a covering dome plate, means for securing the upper ends of the outer series of deflector slats to said dome shaped element, extensions formed on the upper ends of the inner series of deflector slats by means of which they are secured to said dome shaped element, a base member comprising an inverted cone shaped member to which the lower ends of the inner and outer series of deflector slats are secured, a cylindrical member to which the lower end of the inverted cone shaped member is secured, a plurality of cone shaped elements arranged within and secured to the inner series of deflector slats for preventing the entry of rain into the interior of the cowl, a further cone shaped member secured to the base member and a plurality of apertures provided in the inverted coneshaped member through which water collected in the base member may pass to the outside.

2. A cowl adapted to be secured to a roof structure comprising in combination a plurality of equally spaced vertically disposed deflector slats, each of which is formed with a fiat central portion and with angularly disposed outwardly directed vertical edges, said slats being arranged in two concentrically disposed series, the slats of the inner series being arranged directly opposite the spaces between the slats of the outer series, a dome shaped element comprising a covering dome plate, means comprising a plurality of spacing brackets for securing the upper ends of the outer series of deflector slats to said dome shaped element, extensions formed on the upper ends of ,the inner series of deflector slats by means of which they are secured to said dome shaped element, a base member comprising an inverted cone shaped member to which the lower ends 01' the inner series of deflector slats are secured, brackets secured to the lower ends of the outer series of deflector slats by means of which they are secured to the outer edge of the inverted cone shaped member, a cylindrical member to which the lower end of the inverted cone shaped member is secured, a plurality of cone shaped elements arranged within and secured to the inner series of deflector slats for preventing the entry of rain into the interior of the cowl, a further cone shaped member secured to the cylindrical member and to the inverted cone shaped member and a plurality of apertures provided in the inverted cone shaped member through which water collected in said base member may pass to the outside.

3. A cowl adapted to be secured to a roof structure comprising in combination a plurality of equally spaced vertically disposed deflector slats. each of which. is formed with a flat central portion and with angularly disposed outwardly directed vertical edges, said slats being arranged in two concentrically disposed series, the slats of the inner series being arranged directly opposite the spaces between the slats oi the outer series, a dome-shaped element comprising an annular dome-shaped plate, a covering dome plate and a plurality of straps by means of which said plates are spaced apart and secured together, means for securing the upper ends of the outer series of deflector slats to said dome-shaped element, extensions formed on the upper ends of the inner series of deflector slats by means of which they are secured to said dome-shaped element, a base member comprising an inverted cone-shaped member to which the lower ends of the inner and outer series of deflector slats are secured, a cylindrical member to which the lower end of the inverted cone-shaped member is secured, a plurality of cone-shaped elements arranged within and secured to the inner series of deflector slats for preventing the entry of rain into the interior of the cowl, a further cone-shaped member secured to the base member and a plurality of apertures provided in the inverted cone-shaped member through which water collected in the base member may pass to the outside.

4. A cowl adapted to be secured to a roof structure comprising in combination a plurality of equally spaced vertically disposed deflector slats, each of which is formed with a flat central portion and with angularly disposed outwardly directed vertical edges, said slats being arranged in two concentrically disposed series, the slats of the inner series being arranged directly opposite the spaces between the slats of the outer series, a dome-shaped element comprising two annular dome-shaped plates disposed one above the other, a covering dome-plate and a plurality of straps by means of which said plates are spaced apart and secured together, means for securing the upper ends of the'outer series of deflector slats to said dome-shaped element, extensions formed on the upper ends of the inner series of deflector slats by means of which they are secured to said dome-shaped element, a base member comprising an inverted cone-shaped member to which the lower ends of the inner and outer series of deflector slats are secured, a cylindrical member to which the lower end of the inverted cone-shaped member is secured, a plurality of cone-shaped elements arranged within and secured to the inner series of deflector slats for preventing the entry of rain into the interior of the cowl, a further cone-shaped member secured to the base member and a plurality of apertures provided in the inverted cone-shaped member through which water collected in the base member'may pass to the outside. i i J 5. A cowl adapted to be secured to a roof structure comprising in combination a plurality of vertically disposed deflector slats, each of which is formed with a flat central portion and with angularly disposed outwardly directed vertical edges, said slats being arranged in two concentrically disposed series, the slats oi the inner series being arranged directly opposite the spaces between the slats of the outer series, a domeshaped element comprising a covering dome plate, means for securing the upper ends oi the inner and outer series of deflector slats to said domeshaped element, a base member comprising an inverted cone-shaped member to which the lower ,ends of the inner and outer series 01' deflector slats are secured, a cylindrical member to which the inverted cone-shaped member is secured and a plurality of cone-shaped elements arranged within and secured to the inner series of deflector slats for preventing the entry ofrain into the interior of the cowl.

ERNEST LEONARD FORD. THOMAS FREDERICK WILLIAM BROWN.

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