US2109794A - Road machine - Google Patents

Description

Marchll', 1938.- c. A. GUsTAFsoN ROAD MACHINE Filed March 8,( '1954 l0 Sheets-Sheet l A TToRNEY.

March l, 1938 c. A. GUsTAFsoN ROAD MACHINE l0 Shets-SHeet 2 fFiled March s, 1954 March l, 1938.

c; A. GUsTAFsoN ROAD MACHINE Filed Maro 8, 1934 l0 Sheets-Sheet 5 MVN March 1, 1938. c, A. GusTAFsoN ROAD MACHINE Filed March 8, 1954 10V sheets-sheet 4 fifa/7 /ff e, A TTOR EY.

c. A. GUsTAFsoN 2,109,794

ROAD MACHINE Filed March s; 1954 1o sheets-sheet 5 March 1, 1938.

C. A. GUSTAFSON .V ROAD MACHINE March l, 1938.

lO Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed March 8, 1954 INI/ENTOR. BY (arl I7. wafson f M ff/27M,

ATTORNEY.

March l, 1938. Q A GUSTAFSON 2,109,794 l ROAD MACHINE Filed March 8, 1954 10 Sheets-Sleet 7 A TTORNEY.

Marth'l, 1938. c. A. Gus'rAFsoN ROAD MACHINE 'Filed March 8, 1954 1o sheets-sheet 8 u, 6 3 ,fb l .J J f .J 4 z l E 7/7 33 3 .y 3%# i y n E y 4 r/J/v 33 d/ 4Z L n 56N 534 m 5 .3u E@ M 3 Ml l 3 JM x .J 68, 2J 3 3 i 47 I6 `3i.; 3 y s M 3 64 0 36 4 s) E 7 3 1 w, m m MB 33 I a 6.) 77 73 3 @mM/Y. TJ, E MNM/fm. Wim [,w. H. H m,

March l, 1938. A. GUSTAF$ 3N 2,109,794l

ROAD MACHINE Filed March 8, 1934 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 A TTORN March 1938. c.' A. GUsTAFsoN ROAD MACHINEv Filed March 8, 1934 l@ Sheets-Sheet l0 R. mmf?, if@ mw n .6 A nv H ra vY. B

Patented Mar.. 1, 193s vUNITED STATES PATENTA OFFICE ROAD MACHINE Carl A. Gustafson, Peoria, lll., assignor to Caterpillar Tractor Co., San Leandro, Calif., a corporation of California Application March s. '1934, serial No. 714,554

(c1. 19a-11s) 5 Claims.

tribution which places a substantially uniform ground pressure on each ground-engaging support.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved elevating grader which is adapted for use with carriers of dift'erent lengths; and which includes adjusting means for controlling the weight distribution of the grader to provide a substantially uniform ground pressure on each ground-engaging support with any length carrier.

Another object ofy the invention is to provide an improved elevating grader having comparatively light draft and which can be easily guided. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved elevating -graderwhich can operate on level ground without side draft. .Another object of the invention is to provide an improved elevating grader in which the front wheel and axle assembly hasfull oscillation in horizontal andyertical planes.

,Another object of the invention is to provide an improved elevating grader which can be turned around sharply, and at least within a diameter 30 substantially equal to the grader length.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved elevating grader having ground supports constructed to remain clean during operation, so as to promote light draft.

Another object of the invention is to provide an 'improved elevating grader having the power unit mounted to simplify the drive connection there.

from, to aid in obtaining correct weight distribution, and for accessibility for servicing and repair. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved elevating grader having an opera! tors seat with the grader controls grouped with respect to the seat so that all operating adjustments canbe made by an operator sitting in the ""5'5 progresses.

.an improved elevating grader constructed to provide economy in manufacture. and assembly.

Other objects will appear'as the, descriptionv i.

Description 0f figures Figs. 1 through 3 are general views of the machine.

Fig. 1 is a left side elevation.

Fig. 21s a rear end elevation.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view similar to Fig. 2, illustrating the carrier equipped with an extension, and having the rig/ht rear wheel in extended position to compensate for the additional carrier length. lo

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the frame construction.

. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section looking toward the rear of the machine and taken in the ,f plane indicated by line 5--5 in Fig. 1. The caru rier is omitted from the view. f Fig. 6 is a' horizontal sectionalview of the front wheel and axle assembly taken in a horizontal plane indicatedby the line 6 -6 in Fig. 1; the draft pole being shown in elevation. I

Fig. l7 is a sectional view taken in the plane of 20- the line 1- 'l inFig. 6. y

Fig. 8 is a rear elevationalview of the rear wheel and axle assembly with certain portions shown in section. 25 Fig. 9 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 9-9'in Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary side elevational viewy l of the center of the-carrier,- and a portion of t frame cooperating therewith. The view is in direction looking from the rear end of the ma' chine.

Fig. 11 is.a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 10.

Figs. 12 through 15 illustrate the power unit, 35 including driving mechanism for the carrier belt and the power control mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view taken in planes indicated by lines i2- |2, |2'-I2'in Fig.

Fig. 13 is an elevational view of the front end 40 of the power unit,4 similar. to that shown in Fig. 5; certain parts being shown in section to illustrate the .construction more clearly.

Fig. 14 isa fragmentary' sectional-view taken 45 in the plane indicated by line id---M in Fig. 12. Fig. 15- is a schematic view illustrating the drive for the carrier belt and for the power control mechanism. i

Figs. 16 through 18 illustrate a second modiii- 50; cation of the invention in which the driven parts of the grader are operated by a power take-oir from the draft vehicle.

Fig. 1 6 is a schematic plan view.

. ffFig.; 17 is a front .elevation with the support- 55 ing connection from the frame to the front wheel and axle assembly shown in section.

Fig. 18 is Va. schematic view of drive connections from the power take-01T to the power control mechanism and to the endless conveyor belt.

Description of machine The elevating grader disclosed herein is especially designed to obtain simplicitymf structure while providing complete flexibility in maneuvering and adjustment, and to obtain eicient operation. To accomplish the above objects, the various parts of the machine have been relocated from the conventional locations thereof found in known elevating graders, and an improved frame and frame suspension are provided to obtain correct weight distribution. The frame is generally V-shaped, converging at the front end to provide a universal connection with the front wheel and Aaxle assembly at the center of the axle. At the rear, the frame is connected at widely spaced points to the rear wheel and axle assembly which serves to maintain the frame in a stabilized condition irrespective of oscillation of the front wheels during travel over obstructions.

Also, the engine is located in its most advantageous position, directly over the rear axle adjacent one of the rear wheels, and, consequently, in back of the carrier. In this position, the engine serves as a counter-balance for the loaded carrier, which extends outwardly past the otherf of the rear' Wheels. To compensate for varying lengths of the carrier, the other of the rear wheels is extensible to a plurality of positions so that with any length of carrier a uniform pressure is transmitted from each of the wheels to the ground. Y

Such arrangement of the parts to4 obtain correct weight distribution is important because when uniforml ground pressure per square inch 'wheel sinks abnormally.

' connection is locatedienti'rely on the-trailing side is obtained t all the wheels, the power required to pull the grader is reduced inasmuch as `no The grader can be guided easily, is adapted forneasy, short turning, and side draft is eliminated.

The location of the engine is advantageous in other respects, as well as in obtaining correct vweight distribution. By yirtue of locating the engine in back of the carrier, alv direct drive is obtained from the engine to the driving drum at the outer end of the carrier; and the drive of theA carrier. In this position, the drive connection is not injured if the carrier strikesan obstruction. Moreover, the engine doesinot ob.

struct the operators vision, and is placed in an accessible location for servicing and repair work.

The elevating grader will now be described in detail, and other advantageous features thereof vwill be apparent from the description.

Frame As noted above, the iframe of the machine is generally lV-shaped and includes opposite tubular side members which are widely spaced at their rear ends and converge at their front ends. Intermediate their ends, immediately ovei the carrier, the side members are arched to provide ample clearance in any adjusted position of the carrier.

Side frame members 2|, 22 (Figs. 1, 2, 4, and r5) have their rear ends bolted to brackets 23 welded on rear axle 214, "and converge inwardly (Fig. 4) and have their front ends Joined by members 2|, 22 are of similar construction and each comprises I-beam 3| (Fig. 5) having opposite plates 32 welded betweenl the respective pairs of flanges thereof to provide a rigid tubular construction for each of side members 2|, 22.

' Frame members 2|, 22, which converge at their front ends, and are arched upwardly, form the back-bone of the` frame, and have a plurality of auxiliary frame members connected thereto 'to support various parts of `the elevating grader. Adjacent the front (Figs. l and 4), cross channel 36 is secured to side members 2|, 22 by bracket 31 and extends outwardly to either side thereof. At its left end, channel 36 is connected by vertical post or angle 36 to the front end of longitudinal channel 39, which extends rearwardly and is connected to side member 2| at its rear end by vertical post 4| (Figs. 4 and 5) and by gusset plate 42 welded around side member 2| and riveted to post 4|.

Similar'spaced frameworks are provided, extending transversely of the grader at the center to form a-support foryarious carrier adjusting y.

mechanisms; the space between the frameworks accommodating the carrier. Below sidemembers and below side member 22. Parallel to channel 43 and above side members 2|, 22, cross angle 41 is secured to plate and to post 46 at one end, and to plate 42 at the other end. As later described, angle 41 provides a 'support for certain of the carrier lift mechanisms.

At its upper end post 46 (Figs. 2 and 5) is connected by means of gusset plate 46 to inclined angle 49 which extends downwardly toward the opposite side of the frame and is secured to plate 42. At its lower end, post 46 (Fig. 5) is con- -nected by gusset 5| to upwardly extending angle 52 secured at its upper end 'to channel 43. Thus, post 46, channelv 43, angles 41, 46, 52, and plates.

42, 44, form a framework at the rear side of the carrier; and a similar framework (Figa l and 4)- is formed at the front side of the carrier. Such similar framework comprises channel 43A, post 46A, angles 41A, 49A, and 52A, and. plates 42A and 44A. At the top, posts 46, 46A (Figs. l and 5) are connected by cross angle 56; and adjacent angles 41, 41A are connected by cross angle 51. Betweenfthe respective ends of angles 4,6, 46A, diagonal brace members 56 are provided.

Channel 43A (Fig. 4) at its right end is connected by plate 44A and post 46A, to longitudinal channel 6| which extends forwardly and is connected by a suitable bracket to the right end of frontcro channel 36. Angle 62 serves as avbrace the bottom'of post 46A to bracket 61 (Fig. 1) secured to the bottom of post' 46, and thence upwardly to rearv axle 24. Thus, the spaced frameworks for supporting the carrier and theadiusting mechanism therefor are suitably connected by bracing means to frame members 2|, 22.

Posts 38 and 4| (Fig. 1) support the plow in a manner later described, and are connected inter- 5 mediate their ends, by longitudinal angle 1| connected thereto and supported intermediate its ends by post 12 mounted on channel 39. Angle 1| is also connected by suitable gussets to inclined angles 49, 49A of the spacedfcarrier supporting framework. I

At the rear end of the frame, a framework is provided for mountingthe power unit, comprising spaced channels 16 (Figs. 1, 2, and 4) conl nected at their rear ends (Fig. 4) by cross-piece 15 11 and at their front ends (Fig. 5) by cross-piece 18. The -front ends of channels 16 and crosspiece 18 are connected by vertical posts 19 to cross angle 8| (Fig. 4) secured at its ends`by welding to respective side members 2 I 22. Inclined angle 62 20 (Figs. 4 and 5) connects cross-piece 18 to angle 8|. Adjacent its right end, angle 8| has the verti- 4cal portion of angle 83 secured thereto, whichv extends downwardly from angle 8| and then rearwardiy to axle 24. Angles 8| and 83 provide a support for a platform and steps 85 leading to the operators station. At the rear end of side member 2| (Fig. 4), spaced angles 86 provide a support for operators platform 81 (Figs. 1 and 2).

From the foregoing description, it is seen .that the frame consists essentially of forwardly converging, centrally arched tubular side members which have spaced connectionsat their rear ends to the rear axle, and have their front ends 'joined and supported by means, later described, on the front axle. Varousauxliary frameworks are provided on the V-shaped main' frame to support -theplow, carrier, power unit, and other means, as described hereinafter.-

Front supports l The front supports for the main frame include a front axle having wheels mounted thereon, and

a draft connection secured thereto. Means are provided for supporting the main frame univer- ^ing at |05. Stub shaft |06 extends through block |03 to within axlev |0 and is secured to the 'axle by bolt |01 extending through axle |0| and through transverse (aperture in block |04. At,

the end of axle |0|, shaft |06 is-securely clamped in position; for this purpose,.axle |0| Vand block |03 are slotted at |08 (Fig. 7) and are transversely apertured torecelve clamping bolt |09. "Thus, shaft I|06 is detachably mounted in axle |0|;, be-f ing securely fastened thereto at spaced pointa The mounting of wheel I-| I on shaft |06 is described hereinafter'.

At left end of axle I0| (tothe right inFig. 6) stub shaft ||6 extends within axle |0I, through spaced blocks |03'A, |04A, similar to blocks |03,

I04 described'above. Shaft I6 has a plurality of transverse apertures I I1 selectively adapted for engagement bybolt |01A when 'aligned Iwith the aperture through/axle I0=| and block |04A. Ap-

ertures ||1 provide for adjustment of shaft H6 and crown wheel ||0 mounted thereon, to posibearing portions |21 of stub shaft |I6;"wheel sally at the center ofthe front axle. r

Axle |0| (Figs. 1, 6, and 7) is of tubular con'- `The frame is universally 4supported on the front about a, hrizontaLlongitudinal axis. VThus, the

tion wheel 8 in any selected one of a plurality of extended positions, as indicated in phantom lines. In working on a side lhill or when the grader is apt to slip into a cut, wheel.| I0 can be extended to bear against the bank of the cut tov 5 prevent side slipping of the grader. Atthe left end of axle |0|, shaft ||6 is clamped against movement by bolt |09A, in the manner described `above. Thus, shaft 6 and left front wheel 8 be adjusted, to provide a proper path over which thefront of themachine can travel, so that the plow can properly do its work.

'Front wheels III, ||8 are drum type wheels with crowned self-cleaning tires or rims. As wheels III, ||8 are similar, only one will4 be described in detail. Wheel ||8 (Figf) comprises hub I2| having imperforate drum members |22 rivetedto annular flanges |23 thereof, and arcuate metal rim or tire |24 welded around the peripheries of drum'members |22'. Hub |2I is recessed to receive bearings |26 which also engage 30 I I8 being securedon shaft I I6 by nut |28 threaded on the end of shaft |I6. To seal the wheel and the -bearings therefor against the entry of deleterious matter, collar |3| is, secured to hub |2.| around shaft I6 by suitable cap screws; and seal |32 is seated in collar |3| and engages` shaft H6. At the outer end, hub |2| has' cover |33 secured thereto by suitable'cap screws. Thus, a drum type wheel having imperforate sides and a crown tire, is provided which is journaled by suitable bearingson ,a stub shaft removably secured to axle |0I. The crown tire promotes easy draft and is self-cleaned; while the imperforate drum' construction prevents mud or other soft material collecting and caklng on the inside of the tire as has heretofore occurred with respect ,to spoke wheels previously employed.. As a. result, the combination of the drum type wheel and crown rim provides for improved operation of the machine.

50 wheel and axle assembiyby means nf a kingbolt pivotally connected with the frame about a vertical axis, arid pivotally connected with the axle about a longitudinal, horizontal axis. Bolster 21 (Figi 1) has vertically spaced apertured bosses |34,- |36 in which kingbolt |36 is journaled. King bolt |36 hasforked lower end |31 engaging boss |35,- and nut- |38 engaging boss |34 toprevent endwise displacement; Forkd end |31 embraces axle IOI (Figs.y 1 and 6), and has apertured portions |39 in longitudinalV alignment with apertured portion V|40 of axle.|0|. Bolt |4| extends through apertured portions |39, |40, and is journaled in sleeve |42 in said apertured portion |40. Passage |43 is provided in bolt |4I for the introduction of lubricant through a suitable fitting.

From the foregoing description, it isfseen that the frame is mounted for movement about the verticalaxis of kingbolt( |36 which is connected to the front axle for relative pivotal movement versally'in vertical and Phorizontal 'planes with Either wheel can front wheel and axle assemblyv can oscillate unirespect to the main frame.

move a considerable distance above the level of A75 i the other wheel, and the wheel and axle assembly can be rotated over 90 degrees from its transverse position; the arched main frame providing clearance for a front wheel during such movement. As a result, sharp turning of the machine can be effected on any type of ground.

A draft connection is provided from the front wheel and axle assembly of the grader to thel draft vehicle. Draft pole |5| (Fig. 1 and 6) has spaced brackets |52, |53 welded'thereon. Extending through bracket |53 and welded thereto is transverse pipe member |54 which has brackets |56 welded on its ends. Diagonal bracing members |51 (Fig. 6) -are welded at their rear ends inbrackets |56 and converge forwardly and are welded in bracket |52. To provide for. vertical oscillation of the draft pole, a series of transversely aligned pivotal connections are provided between draft pole |5|, and front axle |0|. Brackets |53, |56 have spaced apertured ears |58 which are pivoted by means of cutter-held pins |59 in pairs of spaced ears |'6I on axle |0I. At the front end, draft pole |6| has draft bolt |62 pivotally and resiliently mounted Vtherein in any suitable manner, and draft link |63 is pivotally mounted in draft bolt |62 by pin |64.

Rear supports The rear supports comprise rear axle 24 (Fig. 8) of tubular construction which is secured by brackets 23 to respective side members 2|, 22 as above described, and also stub axles on which rear wheels are mounted; the rear wheels being similar in construction to front wheels ||8 heretofore described. At the left end of axle 24, stub shaft |1| is secured by welding and has left rear wheel |12 journaled thereon similarly to the mounting of each of the front wheels on the front axle. Left rear wheel`|12 is provided with plug |13 which can be removed to place a suitable material, such as oil or water, within the wheel when additional weight is necessary to counter-balance the carrier.

The right rear wheel is extensible to a plurality of positions to compensate for different carrier lengths, so that the weight which is carried by the respective rear wheels is distributed to obtain uniform groundpressure. Right rear wheel |16 (Fig. 8) is journaled, in the manner described with respect to the other wheels, on the outer end of shaft |11 which is slidably mounted within axle 24. To secure shaft |11 and wheel |16.

in a selected adjusted position, shaft |11 has a plurality of spaced apertures |18 which are adapted to be aligned with opposite apertures in axle 24 to receive fastening bolt |19. An extended position of right rear wheel |16 with bolt .|13 engaging left-most aperture |18.;is illustrated in phantom lines in Fig. 8.

Means are provided for'preventing rotation of shaft |11 to maintain apertures |18 in alignment with the corresponding aperture in axle 24. To accomplish this purpose, shaft |11 (Fig. 9) has longitudinal groove |8| receiving key |62 on guide member |83 disposed in recess |84 formed in axle 24 and right-hand bracket 23. 'I'he upper face of guide member |83 is arcuate to engage shaft |11, and` the flat bottom face thereof is engaged by adjusting screw |86 threaded in bracket 23 and having lock nut |81 provided thereon. v v

Thus', the right rear wheel of the grader can be extended to provide proper weight distribution when the carrier length'is extended. As illustrated in Figs. 2 and 8, wheel |16-is in its re#l -201 tosupport endless carrier belt 2| tracted position to accommodate the length of the carrier shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 illustrates schematically an extended position of wheel |16 when the carrier has been lengthened by means of carrier extension |89.

Carrier thereof will be described in detail.

The carrier comprises upper section 20| (Fig. 10) and lower section 202 of generally similar construction which are pivotally joined at 203. Carrier 20 (Figs. 10 and 11) comprises spaced side frame members 206, 201 which are connected by a plurality of transversely and diagonally disposed braces 208. A plurality of rollers 209 (Fig. 10) are suitably journaled in frame members 206,-

To confine material within the width of the belt, side boards 2|2 are supported from side frame' members 206, 201 by a plurality of angle brackets 2|3. Lower section 202 of the carrier is similarly constructed.

The connection between the carrier sections is adjustable to provide for proper alignment there- '222, 223 on side frame member 201. At its end,

plate 22| has threaded extension 224 engaged by adjusting screw 226 rotatably mounted in bracket 221 on side frame member 201. By rotating adjusting screw 226, plate 22| is moved alongside frame member `201 to adjust pin 203A in axial alignment with pin 203. It is seen, therefore, that an adjustment is provided between the carrier sections to insure proper alignment thereof. The carrier is supported in a conventional manner from the frame of the grader by upper,

lower and center carrier lifts, which will be generally described.

'Ihe upper carrier lift comprises a pair of chains 23| (Figs. 1 and 2) having one pair of their ends secured to respective posts 48, 46A. Chains 23| extend around suitable pulleys 232 (Fig. 2) connected by link 233 to opposite sides of upper section 20|, and are also secured to shaft 234 (Fig. 1)

suitably journaled on inclined angles 4.9.v 49A.l

'Shaft 2341s rotated to wind or unwind chains 23| to raiseor lowerl the upper carrier by means including gearing in housing 236 at the rear end of shaft 234. The gearing in housing 236 (Fig. 2)A is rotated by means including telescopic shaft 231 and reversible clutch mechanism in gear box 238 described more specifically hereinafter.

The center carrier lift includes a pair of chains 24| (Figs. 1, 2, and 10) connected at their lower ends to respective pins 203, 203A, and having their upper' ends connected to shaft 242 (Fig.v 5) suitably journaled at its ends on bracketsf243 (Figs. 4 and 5.) secured to posts 46,'46A. lShaft 242 is rotated from gear box 238, by gearing in housing 244 (Fig. 2)' and shaft 245.

'The lower carrier lift includes a pair of chains 25| (Figs. 1 and 2) secured at their lower ends tothe opposite sides of the lc wer end of carrier .section 202. Chains-26| extend upwardly and over suitable pulleys on shaft -252 (Fig, journaled at itsiends in respective channels 43, 43A, and are connected to shaft 253 journaled at its ends on angles 41, 41A. Shaft 253 is rotated from gear box 238, by gearing in housing 254 and by shaft 256 (Figs. 2 and 5).

Adjustable means are provided for maintaining the carrier properly positioned transversely with respect to the frame of the machine; and for angles 268 and respective posts 46, 46A, by pins 266 adapted to pass through selected of a plurality of vertically spaced apertures 261 formed in angles 268 and posts 46, 46A.

By adjusting the ends of the struts vertically) on the frame and longitudinally of the carrier, the transverse position of the carrier with respect to the frame can be adjusted, so that the lower end of the carrier can be bodily shifted in proper non-rotatably mounted on shaft 28|.

relation to the plow.

The carrier is held against longitudinal movement, by opposite guide angles 269 (Figs. 10 and 11) secured to respective side frame members 206A, 201A and engageable with plates 5|,V 51A. At the lower end thereof, the carrier has chain 218 connected thereto and to draft pin 293.

Plow

Plow 21| (Fig. 1) is adjustably supported fromv the frame of the machine adjacent the ground or pick-up end of the carrier, in position to cast dirt on the endless carrier belt. The specic construction of the plow and its connectionsto the frame of the machine will not-be described vin detail, inasmuch as such description is unnecessary for an understanding of the invention. Plow 21| (Fig. 1) is supported by bracket 212 and vertical bar 213 on Aplow beam 214. Plow beam 214 is supported by chains 216 connected thereto at their lower ends, and connected at their upper ends to respective drums 218, 219 on shaft 28|. Shaft 29| is supported at its 'front end by bracket 282 on post 38 and at its rear end by housing 283 (Fig. 5)v on post 4|. Drum 219 (Fig. 1) is loose on shaft 28| and is engaged normally by slidable clutch element 284 slidably and Springpressed lever 286 controls movement of clutch element 284. Thus, the rear end of the plow beam can be adjusted simultaneously or independently of -the front end of the plow beam lto control the suction of the plow, i. e., its angle with respect to the ground. Integral with drum 219 is brake drum 288 having brake band 289 associated therewith and controlled from foot pedal 290 (Figs. 1 and`2). Thus, when drum 219 is disconnected from shaft 28|, the rear end of the plow can be maintained in its adjusted position by operating foot pedal 290. Within N0. 716,324, med- A draft connection is provided from the plow beam to the iront axle. For this4 purpose, transverse member 29| is suitably connected to beam 214 and has draft chain -connection 292 with draft pin 293, mounted in bracket 294 beneath axle |0| and suitably connected thereto by pin 296. -To prevent undue movement of the plow beam 214 forwardly, chain 298 (Fig. 1) is connected thereto and to side member 2|.

'Ihe rear endof plow beam 214 is adjustably connected to the frame by transverse member 291 (Fig. 5) A similar adjustable connection is provided from the front end of beam 214 to the frame. Thus the plow can be adjusted laterally with respect tothe frame. As stated above, the lateral adjustment of the carrier provides for proper positioning thereofI with respect to the plow in any position thereof` and/or with any size plow.

Power unit Thepower unit comprises an engine and trans- I at the rear of the grader immediately over the rear axle adjacent the rear wheel which is oppo-l siteto rear wheel past which the carrier extends. This location of the engine not only aids in securing proper weight distribution by serving to counter-balance-the weight of the carrier, but

also aids in obtaining a relatively low center of gravity, so that the machine can operate with greater safety against overturning in side hill work and the like. In addition, placing the engine at the rear of the carrier facilitatesand materially simplies the provision of the drive connections therefrom to the carrier belt and to thepower control mechanism. t

Engine 3|| (Figs. 1, 2, and 5) is mounted at its rear end on cross member 11 by bracket 3|2, and atits front end on cross member 18 (Fig. 5)4 by bolts 3 3 extending through integral flanges of transmission housing 3|4. Housing 3|4 (Figs.- 5 and 12) is secured by a plurality of bolts 3|5 to crankcase 8|6 of the engine. Above transmission housing 3|4 (Figs. 1 and 5), fuel tank 3|1 is suitably mounted on the front of engine 3| I; the front of the engine being considered that end which is foremost relative to the front of the machine frame. Thus, the power unit is mounted at the rear end of the grader, and the drive connections from the power unit are located at the front end thereof.

-Two drives are provided from the power unit, one of the drives being a clutch controlled drive for the endless carrier belt, and the other of the drives being a constantly running drive for the power control mechanism.

The engine (Fig.. 12) includes crankshaft 32| having its end flange secured by screws 322 to flywheel 323. Flywheel 323 has clutch cover 324 secured thereto by a plurality-of suitable cap screws. Cover 324, together with flywheel 323, forms part of a clutch, and has internal teeth 325 slidably engaged by teeth' 326 on shiftable driving 'clutch plate 321. Between driving clutch plate 321 and flywheel 323, is driven clutch l plate 328 pressed on hub 329 which is splined o'n tubular shaft or sleeve 33|. Plate 328 has clutch faces of suitable material thereon adapted to be engaged by the opposed faces of the flywheel'323 and plate 321 to transmit a drive to the plate 328 andito shaft 33|. Shiftable clutch plate 321 is normally urged to clutch disengaging position 'spider 336 within boss 331.

by a plurality of springs 332 surrounding studs 333, threaded in plate 321 and extending through apertures in clutch cover 324. Only one spring 332 and associated stud 333 are shown.

To `accomplish shifting movement of plate 321 (Fig. l2) to engage the clutch, spider 336 is adjustably threaded within apertured boss 331 of cover 324, and has a plurality of cam levers 338 mounted thereon. One end of each lever 338 is plvoted at 339 on spider 336; the other end of the lever being pivotally connected to link 340, also plvotally connected to shiftable collar 341. By shifting movement of collar 34|, levers 338 are oscillated to urge plate 321 to clutch engaging position. Adjustment of levers 338 with respect to plate 321 is accomplished` by rotating Spring-pressed plunger 342 in spider 336 is provided for this purpose;'the end of plunger 342 being adapted to engage in any one of a plurality of radially disposed recesses 343 in plate 321. Shifting movement of collar 34| is controlled by forked member 346 (Fig. 12) which is connected by suitable shafts and linkage to hand lever 341 (Figs. 1 and 5) positioned at the left of the operators station. From the foregoing description, it is seen that a selective clutch controlled drive is provided between crankshaft 32| and tubular clutch driven Shaft 33| (Fig. 12) l From clutch driven shaft 33 l, a drive is transmitted by shafting and enclosed gearing to drive the endless conveyor. Shaft 33 is supported adjacent crankshaft 32| by bearing 35E in flywheel 323; retaining collar 352 being provided therefor. Seal 353 seated in collar 352 engages shaft 33E. At its outer end, shaft 33| is supported in bearing 354 in bearing retainer 356 and collar 351, which are secured together and to auxiliary housing 356 by screws 359. Seal 3 6| is seated in collar 351 and engages shaft 33|'. Within auxiliary housing 358 shaft 33| has integral beveled pinion 362 which meshes with beveled gear 363 on shaft 364. Shaft 364 is jour--l naled in spaced bearings 366, 361, in cover 368 and bearing cage 369, respectively. Lubricant can be introduced into housing 358 by removing filler plug 365 (Fig. 13).

From housing 358, a substantially linear drive connection extends outwardly along the carrier to the driving drum for the endless conveyor. Shaft 364 (Fig. 12) extends without cover 368, through seal 31| seated in cover 368, and has coupling member- 312 secured on the tapered end thereof by nut 313. Coupling member 312 has internal teeth meshing at 314 with complementary teeth oncoupling member 316 secured on the tapered end of shaft 311 by nut 318. Collar 319, seated on a reduced portion of coupling member 316, is secured by suitable cap screws to coupling member 312 to maintain the connection therebetween. To prevent the entry of-any deleterious matter within the connection between shafts 3,64, 311, bellows 38| is .secured by spring clips 382 to coupling member 316 and collar 319.

Shaft 311v (Fig. 5) is suitably journaled by bracket 386 on post 46 and has universal connection 301 (Figs. 2 and 5) with telescopic shaft 386.' Shaft 388 (Fig. 2) has universal connection '389 with telescopic shaft 39|, suitably mounted 0n upper section 20| and connected by coupling v392 to gearing in housing 393 to drive the drum at the outer lend of the carrier.

It is seen, therefore, that a simple and direct drive is provided from the engine to the driving drum of the carrier; the drive extending substantially in` a, straight line parallel to and at th'e rear side of the carrier. It is to be noted that the drive consists entirely of shafts and sealed housings so that no interruption can be caused through obstructions by dirt, mud and the like.

The above described drive also includes means for preventing reverse movement of the carrier belt so that, when the belt is stopped, the load thereon will not be deposited'around thev plow by such reverse movement ofthe carrier belt. To accomplish this purpose, an irreversible means in the form of an automatic locking brake is associated with a clutch driven shaft within a housing of the power unit.

Within bearing cage 369 (Figs. 12 and 14) cam 40| is secured by key 402 (Fig. 14) on shaft 364,

between respective spacers 403 (Fig. 12), nut 406 on shaft 364, and bearing 361. Cam '40| is provided with a plurality of offset cam surfaces 406, forming equally spaced pockets 401 between cam 40| and retainer 369. It is to be noted that pockets 401 are deeper at one end than at the other.

Braking elements are-disposed Within pockets 401, which are adapted to lock cam 40| and shaft 364 automatically against movement in one direction, while permitting rotation thereof in the opposite direction. A roller 400 (Fig. 14) is provided in each pocket 401; and said rollers are of a diameter to permit rotation of carri 40| and shaft 364 when disposed in the deepest portion of pockets 401 during counter-clockwise rotation thereof, as indicated by the arrow. Upon clockl wise rotation of cam 40|, rollers 40B become wedged between cam surfaces 406 and bearing cage 369 to lock cam 40| and shaft 364 'against rotation.

Resilient means are provided. for urging rollers 408 to locking position whenever counterclockwise rotation of cam 40| ceases. Plungers 409 (Fig. 14) are disposed in recesses formed in substantially radial walls 4|| of pockets 401, and are recessed to receive springs 4|2 which urge plungers 409 outwardly against rollers 408. During counter-clockwise rotation of shaft 364 and cam 40|, that is, when .the carrier belt is being clockwiserotation of cam 40| ceases, or if clockwise rotation thereof starts, plungers 409 urge rollers 408 into locking position, thus effectively preventing backward movement of the carrier belt and the driving train therefor.

To lubricate the' brake means, trough 4 I3 (Fig. 13) is suitably mounted in housing 358 to receive a part of the introduced lubricant, which part is conveyed by trough 4|3 to passage 4|4 in cover 368 which extends beyond bearing 366.` Passage 4| 6 (Figs. 12 and 13) is formed in cover 368 above the bottom, to return excess lubricant to housing 358.

The constantly running drive for the power control mechanismwill now be described. To

provide a drive for the power control4 mechanism, which is completely independent` of the clutch control `drive and the carrier belt, av drive shaft is provided connected to the crankshaft. This drive shaft extends through. the hollow clutch driven shaft 33| and has a driving connection to the power control mechanism. Drive shaft 42|A (Fig. 12) has integral gear 422 at its rear end meshing with a suitable internal gear formed in flywheel 323, to provide a 'constant 715 drive connection therefor from the engine.

Shaft 42| extends through tubular shaft 33|, and outer splined end 423 thereof `is engaged with internal splines in worm 424, supported in respective bearings 425, 426 in bosses 421, 428 of auxiliary housing 358. Worm 424 (Figs. 12 and 13) is engaged with worm wheel 43| Von vertical shaft 432, journaled by suitable bushings in boss 433 of auxiliary housing 358 and in boss 434 of cover 436 secured to said housing.` Shaft 432 extends through cover 436; and the entry of deleterious matter past such shaft is prevented by seal 431, seated in cover 436 and engaging shaft 432. Shaft 432 (Fig. 5) has universal connection 44| with shaft 442 extendingupwardly within gear box 238 of the powercontrol mechanism.

Thus a direct, constantly running drive is sisting of shafts and gearing completely housed. y

The power control mechanism will now4 be described generally in connection with the adjustthrough the carrier belt and through .the power control mechanism, similar parts being numbered similarly. As described above, shaft 442 extends within housing 238 and has bevel gear 446 secured thereon, meshing with opposite bevel gears 441 journaled on shaft 448. Integral with respective bevel'gears 441 are opposite spur gears 449 forming a part of opposite trains of intermeshing spur gears rotatably mounted about a plurality of shafts 448. Each shaft 448 has central splined portion 45| slidably and non-rotatably engaged by double faced clutch element 452 adapted for engagement with clutch elements 453 on associated spurV gears 449, to transmit a drive to associated shafts 448 in either direction by.vir tue of the intermeshing of spur gears 449. Each clutch element 452 is controlled by a fork 454 and rod 456 from hand control lever 451.

From each of shafts 448 (Fig. 15), a drive extends without housing 238 to respective shafts 231, 245,'256, controlling adjustment of the carrier, and to shaft 29| having a driving connection with shaft 28| and controlling adjustment of the plow. 4It is to be noted that the drive foreach adjustment is transmitted to a 'self-locking worm and worm wheel gearing enclosed in the respec-v tive housings referred-to in the preceding description.

Operators station The arrangement of the operators station as disclosed herein provides an operators seat with respect to which the controls for all operating aded by bracket 412 on side frame member 2| to the l rear of platform 81in longitudinal alignment with the plow and the pick-up end of the carrier. As noted above, clutch control lever 341 is positioned immediately to the left of seat 41|, and hand control levers 451 and gear box 238 are mounted immediately to the right and forwardly of seat 41|, by bracket 413 (Figs. 2 and 5). Plow control lever 286 is positioned in front of the operators seat, as 'are brake pedal 290 and foot pedal 416. liootl pedal 416 is pivoted at 411 on post 4I, and is connected by rod 418 to lever 419 .v pivoted at 48| on angle 1|'and having clapper end 482 for striking gong. 483 to signal the operator of the draft vehicle. Lever 419 vis spring-held in the position illustrated. To the right of operators seat 41| (Fig. 2), engine throttle control lever 485 is provided. l

From the foregoing description, it is seen that all the controls for operating adjustments of the grader are grouped conveniently around the operators seat, and can be manipulated by an operator in the seat. The arrangement contributes to efiicient operation, as the operator can conserve his energy and maintain a close watch on the operation of the carrier and the plow, making all adjustments quickly and easily without exertion. y

` Modified construction Figs. 16 through 18 illustrate an elevating grader which is generally similar to that illustrated in Figs. 1 through 15, and which will be described only insofar as it differs from such modication.A

This type of grader does not have the power plant thereon, and can be employed in combination with a power take-off on the draft vehicle. Certain details in frame construction also obtain.

The grader is provided with a frame construction, consisting of tubular members, which is supported to provide flexibility in maneuvering and to obtain uniform weight distribution. The endless conveyor and the power control mechanism are driven by a power take-off from the draft vehicle, which is not shown.

and mounting from the frame to thefront wheel and axle asfsembly, to allow oscillation of the assembly with respect to the frame in vertical and horizontal planes. Bolster 501 has vertically apertured boss 508, in which kingbolt 5| I is secured. At its lower end, kingbolt 5|| has ball portion 5|2 seated in semi-spherical socket 5|3 formed ii casting or socket member 5|4. Casting 5|4 is mounted in any suitable manner at the center of axleq5|5 which-is generally similar to axle |0| described above. Collar 5 6 isl secured by suitable fastening bolts to casting 5|4 around ball portion 5|2, and the inner surface thereof forms a continuation of socket 5|3; Thus, a universal connectionis provided for supporting the frame on the front wheeland axle assembly at the center thereof to The frame (Figs. 16 and 1'1) includes arched provide a wide range of oscillation for the assembly with respect to the frame in both horizontal and. vertical planes, and to distribute the weight equally between the two front wheels. 'I'his type of universal connection can also be employed in,y

place of the first. modiflcationdescribed.

The rear wheel and axle assembly is substantially identical in construction withv that illustrated inFig. 8, differing therefrom only by incorporation of counter-balancing lweight means which serves the same function .with respect to thev outwardly extending end of the carrier as the power unit in the rst modification. Left rear wheel 52| (Fig. 16) Vis similar in construction to left rear wheel |12 (Fig. Sil-and has introduced through plug |13 (Fig. 16) amass of a suitable heavy material such as concrete, indicated at 522. By filling the wheel with concrete or the like, the weight of the Wheel acting adjacent the left end of the axle serves to counterbalance the weight of the extending end of the carrier.

For driving the conveyor and the power control mechanism, power take-od shaft 526 (Fig. 16) extends rearwardly from a draft vehicle, not shown, and has universal connection 521 with shaft 528 journaled in bracket 529 and housing 53| on the frame. At its rear end, within housing 53E, shaft 528 (Fig. 18) has bevel gear connection 532 with shaft 533 which 4is suitably journaled in housing 53.

From shaft 533, a constantly running drive is transmitted to the power control mechanisms and a clutch controlled drive is transmitted to the endless conveyor. At its left end, shaft 533 has bevel gear connection 534 with vertical shaft 53@ (Figs. 16 and 18) which extends upwardly out of housing 53| to gear box 236 (Fig. 1) of the power control mechanism, similarly to shaft 442 (Fig. 4). At its right end, shaft 533 (Fig. 18) has clutch element 53?, shiftably and non-rotatably mounted thereon and adapted for engagement with complementary clutch element 535 integral with shaft 539. Shifting movement of clutch element 531 is accomplished by means including fork 54i, engaging an annular groove therein and mounted on shiftable rod 542. Rod` 542 (Fig. 16) extends without housing 53( and is connected by link 543 to hand control lever 54d mounted for oscillatory movement on the frame adjacent the operators seat. Movement of lever 546, therefore, controls the transmission of a drive to shaft 539 which extends to the right from housing 53| being journaled in housing 546 on the frame and having universal connection 381 with shaft 388. As previously described, shaft 388 is connected to the driving means for the endless conveyor belt.

It is seen, therefore, that .the modified con struction described above is generally similar to that shown in Figs. 1 through 15, and obtains substantially the same advantages as to weight distribution and ease in maneuvering and in operation.

Therefore, I claim as my invention:

l. In an elevating grader; a frame; a carrier including an endless conveyor; adjustable means mounting said carrier on said frame; power control`means for adjusting said adjustable means; a power unit on said frame; including an engine at the rear of said carrier, and power transmitting means at the front end of said engine and at the rear of said carrier; a substantially linear drive connection from said power transmitting means to said conveyor; and a substantially linear drive ing along the rear side of said carrier; and a substantially 'linear drive connection from said power transmitting means to said power control means; said drive connections consisting essentially of shafting and housed gearing.

3. In an elevating grader; a frame; a carrier including an endless conveyor; adjustable means mounting said carrier on said frame; power control means for adjusting said adjustable means; power transmitting means at the rear of said carrier; said power transmitting means including a housing, a plurality of driving shafts extending from within to withoutsaid housing, and means Within said housing connecting said shafts to a source of power; and shaft connections without said housing from said shafts to said conveyor and to said power control means.

4. In an elevating grader; a frame; a carrier including an endless conveyor; adjustable means mounting said carrier on said frame; a power unit on said framefincluding an engine at the rear of said carrier, and power transmitting means at the'front end of said engine and at i 1e rear of said carrier; saidpower transmitting means including a housing secured to said engine,

-out said housing connecting said shaft to said conveyor; and means within said housing associated with said shaft for preventing reverse movement of said conveyor.

5. An elevating grader constructed to provide ease of maneuvering and substantially uniform ground pressure on all the ground supports therefor, comprising a frame, a carrier for plowed material extending transversely of the frame and projecting beyond one side of the frame, an engine for driving said carrier located at the rear of said carrier and at the side of said frame opposite to said projecting carrier side, a power control .unit for adjusting said carrier and located above the crank shaft of said engine, a substantially linear drive extending upwardly from the front end of said engine to said power control unit,and a substantially linear drive from said front end of said engine to saidcarrier, and extending substantially parallel to said carrier.

CARL A. GUSTAFSON.

Images