US2100185A - Apparatus for the movement of viscous materials - Google Patents

Apparatus for the movement of viscous materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US2100185A
US2100185A US10946536A US2100185A US 2100185 A US2100185 A US 2100185A US 10946536 A US10946536 A US 10946536A US 2100185 A US2100185 A US 2100185A
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United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
steam
pump
movement
steam jet
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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Inventor
Gunnar C Engstrand
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SIMON MARMOREK
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SIMON MARMOREK
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Priority to US10946536 priority Critical patent/US2100185A/en
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Publication of US2100185A publication Critical patent/US2100185A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
    • F04F5/467—Arrangements of nozzles with a plurality of nozzles arranged in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/30—Mixing gases with solids
    • B01F23/34—Mixing gases with solids by introducing gases in solid materials, e.g. in masses of powder or particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/311—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows for mixing more than two components; Devices specially adapted for generating foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3123—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof with two or more Venturi elements
    • B01F25/31233—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof with two or more Venturi elements used successively
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3124—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characterised by the place of introduction of the main flow
    • B01F25/31241—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characterised by the place of introduction of the main flow the main flow being injected in the circumferential area of the venturi, creating an aspiration in the central part of the conduit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/30—Mixing gases with solids
    • B01F23/34—Mixing gases with solids by introducing gases in solid materials, e.g. in masses of powder or particles
    • B01F23/341—Mixing gases with solids by introducing gases in solid materials, e.g. in masses of powder or particles by introducing steam, e.g. for wetting the solids

Definitions

  • My invention relates to an apparatus and method whereby. viscous and semi-fluid tars and sludges may be pumped through a transmission line, and it is especially adapted for the removal of oil residues from the storage tanks of oil refineries, at the bottom of which, in the length of time, heavy and extremely viscous sludge deposits collect in such considerable quantities that they seriously encroach upon the storage space of said tanks.
  • My special sludge pump comprises a pump body having the narrow throat ssage'of the conventional high vacuum steam jet pump into which a conventional annular steam jet nozzle discharges.
  • each of the nozzle pieces may be individually adjusted and securely locked in place.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of my special duplex jet sludge pump and shows the preferred manner of construction.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section through the narrow throat portion of the pump and shows the reinforced rib construction thereof.
  • i denotes the pump bbdy which I preferably make of cast metal.
  • the pump body comprises the relatively narrow throat portion 3, the enlarged socket discharge end 2, which is preferably threaded to receive standard pipe and hose fittings, and the enlarged socket end 4 which is provided with the running thread 5 and into which end the two nozzle pieces 6 and l are screwed.
  • the inner nozzle piece 6 is provided with the lock ring 8 and the nozzle piece as well as the lock ring are provided with two diametrically opposed recesses 9 to allow for accurate key adjustment.
  • nozzle piece 6 together with the tapered portion of the pump body form thef'steam jacket H! which is provided with cated that anarrow annular steam jet opening I5 is formed between the outer and the inner nozzle piece-as shown in the drawing.
  • the steam jacket I 6 is also provided with an individual steam inlet Hand a separate control valve I8.
  • the nozzle piece 1 is also provided with recesses 9 to allow for, easy key adjustment and proper steam jet clearance, say around one-.
  • control valves I2 and I8 are opened and the high pressure steam is allowed to enter the steam iackets l0 and I6 whereupon the high pressure steam will rush into the pump through the two annular steam nozzles l4 and IS with a velocity of nearly 3000 feet per second.
  • throat passage of the pump is made relatively narrow in order for a high vacuum to develop as experience has taught me that a relatively narrow throat opening is required for the creation of a high vacuum.
  • a steam jet pump comprising, in combination, a narrow throat piece, an inner annular steam jet nozzle discharging therethrough, a restricted passage through said nozzle, an outer annular steam jet nozzle discharging through rality of concentric annular steam jet, nozzles diecharging into and through the throat body and individual and independent means for clearance adjustment for each of the steam jet nozzles, a central passage through each of the nozzles, the
  • diameter of an inner nozzle being substantially smaller than that on an outer one.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Description

Nov. 23, 1937.
G. C. ENGSTRAND APPARATUS FOR THE MOVEMENT OF V ISCOUS MATERIALS Filed Nov. 6, 1936 4 a. QJM Y I i ATTORNEY.
Patented N... 23, 1937 UNITED STATES APPARATUS Gunnar C. Engstrand,
Eon THE MOVEMENT O-F VIS- COUS MATERIALS Matawan, N. J., assignor to Simon Marmorek, New York, N]? Application November 6, 1936, Serial No. 109,465
, 2 Claims.
My invention relates to an apparatus and method whereby. viscous and semi-fluid tars and sludges may be pumped through a transmission line, and it is especially adapted for the removal of oil residues from the storage tanks of oil refineries, at the bottom of which, in the length of time, heavy and extremely viscous sludge deposits collect in such considerable quantities that they seriously encroach upon the storage space of said tanks.
Also as such extremely viscous and semi-fluid sludges usually become mixed with rust scale and carbon deposits, the resulting mixture is so plastic and inert that even a powerful pump suction fails to move the material through a transmission line, and when such tanks have to be cleaned, the us'ualprocedureis to dip up the' unpumpable matter inbuckets and dump cars in which it is transported as a total economic waste'and dumped at a place especially set aside for such purpose.
I am well aware of several special novel pumping methods for the handling of heavy viscous oil sludges, but as' all such methods invariably employ reduced intake openings, such systems cannotbe successfully used for the pumping of aforesaid inert materials, inasmuch as even the most powerful vacua fail to suck up a sufficient quantity of such extremely viscous material through such relatively small intake openings.
I have, however, discovered that it is possible to pump much material at a satisfactory rate by means of a specially designed high vacuum steam jet pump. My special sludge pump comprises a pump body having the narrow throat ssage'of the conventional high vacuum steam jet pump into which a conventional annular steam jet nozzle discharges.
At the. intake end of the pump I also provide an additional large diameter steam nozzle also of the annular design, which nozzle discharges into and through the first mentioned annular are encountered, the most economical pumping may be attained by, the solitary use of the discharge jet nozzle only. -I, therefore, prefer to I provide each of the steam nozzles with an individual control valve so that a perfect regulation of the steam supply may at all times easily be effected. g
I also prefer to so construct my pumping apparatus that each of the nozzle pieces may be individually adjusted and securely locked in place.
It is further to be noted that the aforesaid plastic and viscous mixtures in passing throughthe two steam jets of my preferred apparatus are returned into their originally oily condition and that rust scales, carbon deposits, etc., are so thoroughly pulverized and mixed with the oil that the material can now be pumped by conventional'pumping means and even burned in the conventional burners under the boilers.
In'the drawing:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of my special duplex jet sludge pump and shows the preferred manner of construction.
Figure 2 is a cross section through the narrow throat portion of the pump and shows the reinforced rib construction thereof.
In the drawing where like reference characters designate corresponding parts, i denotes the pump bbdy which I preferably make of cast metal.
As seen on the drawing, the pump body comprises the relatively narrow throat portion 3, the enlarged socket discharge end 2, which is preferably threaded to receive standard pipe and hose fittings, and the enlarged socket end 4 which is provided with the running thread 5 and into which end the two nozzle pieces 6 and l are screwed.
The inner nozzle piece 6 is provided with the lock ring 8 and the nozzle piece as well as the lock ring are provided with two diametrically opposed recesses 9 to allow for accurate key adjustment.
It is to be noted that the nozzle piece 6 together with the tapered portion of the pump body form thef'steam jacket H! which is provided with cated that anarrow annular steam jet opening I5 is formed between the outer and the inner nozzle piece-as shown in the drawing. The steam jacket I 6 is also provided with an individual steam inlet Hand a separate control valve I8.
The nozzle piece 1 is also provided with recesses 9 to allow for, easy key adjustment and proper steam jet clearance, say around one-.
thirty-second of an inch, the control valves I2 and I8 are opened and the high pressure steam is allowed to enter the steam iackets l0 and I6 whereupon the high pressure steam will rush into the pump through the two annular steam nozzles l4 and IS with a velocity of nearly 3000 feet per second.
Although it is believed that the proportions may be changed from that shown on the drawing, I have found it possible to create a vacuum much in excess of twenty inches inside a four inch transmission line when the pump throat passage as well as the inner nozzle passage have a diameter of two inches and the diameter 01' the outer nozzle passage is kept atthree inches.
It is readily understood that quite an amount of viscous material will be pulled through such a large intake opening when propelled by such a high vacuum and it is also readily seen that even the most viscous material will be fed into the second steam jet nozzle at a brisk rate as the intake steam jet pulls it along and discharges it therein.
aioaiss It is to be noted that the throat passage of the pump is made relatively narrow in order for a high vacuum to develop as experience has taught me that a relatively narrow throat opening is required for the creation of a high vacuum.
' frictionless as the material is swept along its sur-= face by the outer steam jet.
I wish also to point out that an interaction between the two steam jets automatically takes place in my steam -jet pump, the inner nozzle acting mainly as a pressure discharge nozzle while the outer nozzle acts solely as a vacuum intake nozzle.
I do not wish' to be understoodas limiting myself to the apparatus shown, as it is evident that modifications and alterations may be made in my device without departing from the spirit and scope oi my invention.
What I claim is:
1. A steam jet pump comprising, in combination, a narrow throat piece, an inner annular steam jet nozzle discharging therethrough, a restricted passage through said nozzle, an outer annular steam jet nozzle discharging through rality of concentric annular steam jet, nozzles diecharging into and through the throat body and individual and independent means for clearance adjustment for each of the steam jet nozzles, a central passage through each of the nozzles, the
diameter of an inner nozzle being substantially smaller than that on an outer one.
GUNNAR C. EN GSTRAND.
US10946536 1936-11-06 1936-11-06 Apparatus for the movement of viscous materials Expired - Lifetime US2100185A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444615A (en) * 1946-11-21 1948-07-06 Derbyshire Machine & Tool Comp Eductor
US4008983A (en) * 1974-11-27 1977-02-22 Tech Development Inc. Tip turbine inflating device with motor-actuated closure at inlet
US4155682A (en) * 1975-10-10 1979-05-22 Hillis Franklin R Propulsive device
US4184806A (en) * 1977-03-16 1980-01-22 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Pumping ejector
US4186772A (en) * 1977-05-31 1980-02-05 Handleman Avrom Ringle Eductor-mixer system
US4725203A (en) * 1982-10-13 1988-02-16 Institut Francais Du Petrole Liquid-gas ejector device and method used to produce a diphasic flow
US5173030A (en) * 1988-10-27 1992-12-22 Klockner Oecotec Gmbh Jet pipe
US6382321B1 (en) 1999-09-14 2002-05-07 Andrew Anderson Bates Dewatering natural gas-assisted pump for natural and hydrocarbon wells
US6402068B1 (en) 1998-08-06 2002-06-11 Avrom R. Handleman Eductor mixer system
US20030114804A1 (en) * 2001-12-17 2003-06-19 Arthur Putzer Personal care apparatus with at least two suction nozzles
EP1598106A2 (en) * 2004-05-21 2005-11-23 Aga As Nozzle unit
US20100149906A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Burns Ii Gordon C Liquid Accelerator and Chemical Mixing Apparatus and Method
US20110236227A1 (en) * 2010-03-29 2011-09-29 Denso Corporation Ejector
US20110305102A1 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Jason Andrew Berger Semi-Continuous Feed Production of Liquid Personal Care Compositions

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444615A (en) * 1946-11-21 1948-07-06 Derbyshire Machine & Tool Comp Eductor
US4008983A (en) * 1974-11-27 1977-02-22 Tech Development Inc. Tip turbine inflating device with motor-actuated closure at inlet
US4155682A (en) * 1975-10-10 1979-05-22 Hillis Franklin R Propulsive device
US4184806A (en) * 1977-03-16 1980-01-22 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Pumping ejector
US4186772A (en) * 1977-05-31 1980-02-05 Handleman Avrom Ringle Eductor-mixer system
US4725203A (en) * 1982-10-13 1988-02-16 Institut Francais Du Petrole Liquid-gas ejector device and method used to produce a diphasic flow
US5173030A (en) * 1988-10-27 1992-12-22 Klockner Oecotec Gmbh Jet pipe
US6402068B1 (en) 1998-08-06 2002-06-11 Avrom R. Handleman Eductor mixer system
US6382321B1 (en) 1999-09-14 2002-05-07 Andrew Anderson Bates Dewatering natural gas-assisted pump for natural and hydrocarbon wells
US7491193B2 (en) * 2001-12-17 2009-02-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Personal care apparatus with at least two suction nozzles
US20030114804A1 (en) * 2001-12-17 2003-06-19 Arthur Putzer Personal care apparatus with at least two suction nozzles
EP1598106A2 (en) * 2004-05-21 2005-11-23 Aga As Nozzle unit
EP1598106A3 (en) * 2004-05-21 2008-04-23 Aga As Nozzle unit
US20050275119A1 (en) * 2004-05-21 2005-12-15 Karsten Glomset Oxygenating nozzle
US7533874B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2009-05-19 Aga Ab Oxygenating nozzle
EP2327470A1 (en) * 2004-05-21 2011-06-01 Aga As Nozzle element
US20100149906A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Burns Ii Gordon C Liquid Accelerator and Chemical Mixing Apparatus and Method
US8870445B2 (en) * 2008-12-12 2014-10-28 II Gordon C. Burns Liquid accelerator and chemical mixing apparatus and method
US20110236227A1 (en) * 2010-03-29 2011-09-29 Denso Corporation Ejector
US8814532B2 (en) * 2010-03-29 2014-08-26 Denso Corporation Ejector
US20110305102A1 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Jason Andrew Berger Semi-Continuous Feed Production of Liquid Personal Care Compositions
US9174178B2 (en) * 2010-06-09 2015-11-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Semi-continuous feed production of liquid personal care compositions

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