US2096135A - Jar - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 19, 1937. E. F. RAYMOND JAR Filed April 4, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented Oct. 19, 1937 I T f V UNITED STATES PATENT oF-rics JAR,

Edward F. Raymond, Huntington Park, Calif., as-

signor to John Grant, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application April 4, 1936, Serial No. 72,752

12 Claims. (01. 255-27) 7 This invention has reference to jars used in illustrating a variational form of detent mecharotary well drilling, and is principally concerned nism! and with improvements in mechanisms for adjusting Figs. 14 and 15 are horizontal sections on lines the jar parts while the tool is lowered in the well; 14-! 4 and !I 5 of Fig. 12. 5' to vary and control the force of the jarring blow. Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, the jar may be 5 Generally speaking, the effect of such'jar adjustdescribed generally as comprising telescopically ments is to vary the resistance to releasing movemovable body and mandrel sections 20 and 2|, ment of the parts in the course of the jarring and a detent mechanism, generally denotedat operation, and thereby to vary the pull load re- 22, adapted to hold the mandrel against upward l0 quired to trip the jar, and the magnitude of the movement relative to the body until a predeterblow delivered by the jar. mined pull load is imposed on the drill string.

The present type of jar is similar to other jars The body 20 comprises a tubular section 23 into in the respect that it operates by relative longithe upper end of which is threaded the pin 24 of tudinal movement between the body and mandrel a clutch member 25. The lower end of the body portions to deliver the jarring blow, and contains has a threaded connection at 26 with the pin end 15 .a detent mechanism which holds the body and 21 of a pipe or sub 28 that is connected with the mandrel against relative movement in the jarring drill bit, -fishing tool, or other tools in conjunc direction, until a predetermined pull is taken on tion with which rotary jars arecustomarily used. the drill pipe string. The present detent mecha- The mandrel 2| includes an intermediate tubunism includes a pair of releasably engaging memlar portion 29 having its upper end threaded at 20 bers, one of which is adjustable relative to the 30 into the box end of a coupling or second clutch other to vary the pull load required to disengage member 31, the upper pin end 32 of which is them and thereby trip the jar. In accordance threaded at 33 into the box end of the drill pipe with the invention in its preferred form, such 34. The lower end of mandrel section 29 is conadjustment of the adjustable detent member is nected at 35 with a sleeve 36 which carries the 25 accomplished by relative rotation between the adjustment lugs to which I later refer. The upbody and mandrel, the direction of adjustment of ward jarring impact is communicated fromthe the detent being controllable by selective movemandrel to the body by the engagement of shoulment of the drill string from the ground surface. der 3! on the mandrel enlargement 38, with It is believed that all the various features and shoulder 39 on thelower end ofpin 24. Circulat- 30 objects of the invention can be understood most mg fluid is conducted through the jar from the I readily and to best advantage, from the following drill'pipe 34 into the .bore of member 28 attached detailed description of certain illustrative forms to thelower end of the body, by a wash pipe 40 of the invention shown in the accompanying which is threaded at 4| into the bore of cow I drawings. It is to be understood, however, that pling 3.! to move with the mandrel inits vertical 35 these illustrations are typical only, and that travel. Fluid leakage around t Wash p p various changes and modifications may be made through the coupling bore, is prevented by a-suitwithout departure from the intended spirit and able packing gland as indicated at 42. The scope of the invention. bottom portion of the wash pipe extends through In the drawings: a packing gland 43 within pin 27, and'has slid- 40 Figs. 1 and 2 are vertically continuing views, in n en w h p in as th pipe partly in section, showing atypical form of jar travels with the mandrel with relation to the embodying the invention; body.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal and partly sectional e e t ec smat, Comprises a split view showing the jar-partsinchanged positi sleeve 44 carried on the mandrel and confined 45 Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3 illustrating-the y p of adjustable nuts 5 a d 46. As best jar parts in released condition; illustrated in Fig. 2, the upper and lower ends of Figs. 5 and 6 are fragmentary views illustrating sleeve 44 are confined within ferrules 45a. and certain adjustment positions of the mandrel rel- Mia/in the oppos ends of s 45 and 46. so that ative to the body; e a by adjusting one nut relative to the other (the 50 Fig. '7 is a section on line l-T of Fig. 2;' threads 41 and 48 on the mandrel both being Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 are cross sections taken on leftde h pressure on t e ends of the the correspondingly numbered lines of Fi s, 3 sleeve is varied toregulate the effective diameter and 4. of the sleeve, all in' the manner to be presently Figs. 12 and 13 are fragmentary sectional views described. As best illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, 55

all

V a the sleeve is divided into vertically extending, ra-

" i diallycontractible segmentsor'detents 44a, by

' slotting the sleeve. longitudinally and intermediate its ends as indicated at 50. r

The exterior configurationof the sleeve presents, in effect, an annular upwardly facing shoulder 5| which engages the downwardly faci'ng. body shoulder 52 to releasably hold the mandrel against upward movement relativeto the body.

As shown in Fig. 2 ,;each"pbrtion 44a of the sleeve betweenslots50', is shaped. to provide aibowed predetermined upward pull on the mandrel.

During drilling operations, the'mandrel and body: are locked against relative rotationby the clutch 54 comprising a series of interfittingjteethiand thereby. reduce its resistance to disengage- V ment fromthebody shoulder 52 during the jar-. ring operation, the drillstring: isrqtated to, turn 55 and 56 formed on the upper and lowerends of ,body and mandrel members and 3l, respec-I tively..j In carrying out the jarring operation, the

drill string first is raised to bring the mandrel-and V Lbody shoulders g-5lfand52' into engagement as 'lshown in Fig. 3. The'detentmeohanism 22, and

specifically the sleeve 44, is set toimpo'se a' PIG-1 determin'edres'istanc'e to'movement of the. sleeve [shoulder 5| past body shoulder'5 2,-by:ithe,i relafltive adjustmentjof nuts' a'nd 46, as will later appear, more fully. When a sufficient upward pull is exerted via the drill string to overcome this resistanceQsleve ,44 becomes radially constricted V about the mandrel by the wedgin engagement between shoulders 5| and 52, to the extent thatthe sleeve suddenly disengages fromithe body r shoulderand releases the mandrel for upward movement .to the position of Fig. 4. Upward travel of 'the mandrel is arrested by. the impact of the'shoulder 31 against the body shoulder 39 'to deliver an upward jarringblow. i A

In order to reset the jar for continued drilling. r or a subsequent jarring operation, the drill string 7 is lowered straight down, moving the. mandrel from the-position of Fig. 4 to the positions of Fig. ,l'or' 3, and fo'rcing thedetent sleeve' 44jdownwardly within the body until shoulders 51, and 52 are positionedforreengagement. It-Wl11 be noted that the angularities of the: bowed detentjsur. faces 44b" and body surface 58 are-small as com-, pared .withthe angularities of shoulders 5| hand- 52, and that'the 'wedging' action of bowed surface 58' tending to constrict the detent sleeve'during its downward 1 relative movement; is correspond- T ingly gradual. a result, substantially less force is required to constrictithe detent sleeveirithe reseating operation than thatrequired torelease the Zdet'entmechanism in the jarring operations flihedriller'frequently findsthat the'blow being delivered by the gjar'either is too heavy. or too light to suit the requirements of, the particular. job for which the tool is being used. Consequent- 1y; it is desirable to incorporate in the jar, means for adjusting the detent mechanism to controlgit's I resistance to release, andrthierefor e the magni tudeof the jarring blow, and toprovide an ad-; justment means that can be regulated without havingto remove the jar from the well; In the illustrated preferred'form; of: the invention, I 7 provide a detent adjustment that operatesby vir.-' tu'e of relative rotation fbetween the body and mandrel, to vary the radial spread of theslo tted detent sleeve 44.- By reason o f the fiexibilityof the bowed sleevesegments 44a, the maximum dl-I ameter of the sleeve at the outer extremity or detent shoulder 5 I may be regulated by subjecting the sleeve to variable'endwise pressure, Such" endwi se pressure is applied'to the sleeve by nuts 45 and 46, and the adjustment is accomplished by selectively rotating these nuts in the manner now to be explained. a i

.As shown in Fig. 9, each of the mandrel nuts has four circularly arranged and equally spaced the body; Inthe position ofthe parts shown in Fig. 4, body splines 60' similarly fextend within ways 59 in nut 45 to key the latter to the body.

In order to reduce the spread of the detent sleeve the mandrel29' in1 a clocl wise direction, as indi cated by the: arrow in:Fig.114,and tdturnthe mandrel within 'nut45 which at the timeiis held" againstrotation by body'sp1ine 60 fDurjingthis V adjustmenhnut 45 is backed away from the sleeve 1 7 to, reduce} its j endwise' compression. [The opposite or sleeve spreading adjustment is made with the parts in theposition shownin Fig.3. By rotating] i the mandrel withjnut 46 held a ainst rotation by body spline 61 the nut' travelsupwardly on. the; mandrel to longitudinally compress the sleeve and 7 increase the bow in the sleeve segments 44a; For the purpose of: avoiding over-adjustment of the detent mechanism andto-enable the'driller to know exactly ,the degree'of adjustment'ef-' fected in a single adjusting operation, I limit the.

permissible relative rotationbetweenthe man drel and body during the course of each single adjustment, but' yet enable asmany successive other. words, the extent of;. each individual ad,-

' justl nen't is predetermined, but any number of successive adjustments maybe made untiljthe' detent mechanism imposes. j ust, the right resist:

ance'to" release.

' Sleeve 36. on the lower end; of, the -mandrel carries a pair oflugs 63' spaced .180japart;.and' a second pair 'of lugs; 64,-.0fiset vertically and spaced 90 with; relationito lugs..6.3',"see l1.

alinement with one pair of the ,fvertieally alined' the mandrel.

V V 140.; adjustments to be madeas 'mayibe desired 7 r Assuming 'first'th at it is'desired to adjust fnut r '46. on the mandrel in the manner :previouslyexplained; themandreljis :raisedifrom the; position of Fig. 2 a; distance s'ufiicient. toflreleaseyclutch li9y-"I'heidrill string and mandrel are, then r0,-

'54 and-to bring lug 64;.(at. the j'leitifin ffig .2); j" opposite-or]inhorizontal'alinementflwith space v I come intoen'gagernentj with body shoulders 66, as ShOWIh'lH Fig. 2. In this single. adjustment operI- ation, nut 46 will have. become turned 90" .rela 7 tive tothe-mand'rel. Iffit is 'desiredzto make a 7 tion; the "mandrel is raisedfrom the position 'of second adjustment of nut:46.ii1lthe samedireci lThebody 23 carries .-twovertically--alinedpairs; of 'splineeshaped lugs65 and; also a similarlyj, ;shap'ed;lug 51 positionedbetween 'and in vertical rotated to bring lug G l appearing on the foreside of the mandrel, into engagement with body shoulder, 61, thereby limiting the adjustment travel to 90 as before. As will be apparent from the foregoing, any number of successive 90 adjustments of nut- 46 can be made simply by lowering and raising the mandrel to allow lugs 63 to clear space 69, the vertical offset of the lug limiting each adjustment. Assume now that it is desired to adjust the upper mandrel nut 45 with the parts shown in the position of Fig. 4, and nut d5 engaged by splines 60. The mandrel first is lowered to bring lugs 64 opposite space 68, and the mandrel then rotated in the direction of the arrow until further turning is arrested by the engagement of one of the lugs 63 with body shoulder 61. A successive adjustment may then be made by raising the mandrel until lug 63 is brought opposite space 68 as shown in Fig. 6 and the mandrel then turned until its rotation is arrested by the engagement of lugs 64 with body shoulders 65. Repeated similar adjustments are made by alternately lowering and raising the mandrel, and then rotating, to cause lugs 63 and 64 to alternately clear space 69.

All of the above described adjustments are made by rotating the drill string to the right;

as viewed from the top; the advantage being 7 that the rotation is in the direction tending to keep the pipe joint tight. In case locked-joint pipe is being used, adjustments may be made by oppositely rotating the drill string and mandrel, as will be apparent from the preceding description without necessity for further explanation.

In Figs. 12 to 15 I show a variational form of detent mechanism that, while generally similar to the previously described form, differs in the construction of the sleeve assembly. Here the mandrel carried detents, generally indicated at 10, include a plurality of circularly arranged, bowed individual detent members H, the upper and lower ends of which seat within the longitudinal mandrel grooves 18. As shown in the vertical sectional view of Fig. 13, each of the individual detents H is spaced at '52 from the mandrel to be capable of inward pressure relative thereto, and has an angular shoulder 13 adapted to engage a body shoulder 14 of corresponding angularity. In this form of the invention, the body includes two sections 15 and I6 threadedly connected at "I1, shoulder 14 being formed on the lower end of the upper body section pin end 15a. The ends Ha and 12a of the bowed detents are confined within ferrules T9 in the ends of nuts 45 and 46', the detent compressive force of the nuts being taken by a pair of metallic washers 8B bearing against the ends of the individual detents H.

I claim:

1. In a rotary jar including a body and a relatively longitudinally movable mandrel, both supported on a drill pipe, and striking shoulders on said body and mandrel adapted to impact to deliver the jarring blow, the combination comprising, radially adjustable means carried by said mandrel for releasably holding the body and mandrel against relative movement in a jarring direction, and means for making successive radial adjustments of said holding means while the jar is lowered in the well, the last mentioned means including stops confining each individual adjustment within a predetermined limit.

2. In a rotary jar including a body and a relatively longitudinally movable mandrel, both supported on a drill pipe, and striking shoulders on said body and mandrel adapted to impact to deliver the jarring blow, the combination comprising, radially adjustable means ,carried by said mandrel for releasably holding the body and mandrel against relative movement in a jarring direction, and means operated bysuccessive rotational and vertical movements of the drill pipe for making successive radial adjustments of said holding means while the jar is lowered in the Well, the last mentioned means including means confining each individual adjustment within a predetermined limit.

3. In a rotary jar including a body'and a relatively longitudinally and rotatably movable mandrel, both supported on a drill pipe and striking shoulders on said body and mandrel adapted to impact to deliver the jarring blow, the combination comprising, radially adjustable means carried by said mandrel for releasably holding the body and mandrel against relative movement in a jarring direction, and means for making successive radial adjustments of said holding means while the jar is lowered in the well, the last mentioned means comprising lugs carried on the body and mandrel and selectively engageable to arrest relative rotation of the body and mandrel at different positions.

4. In a rotary jar including a body and a relatively longitudinally and rotatably movable mandrel, both supported on a drill pipe, and striking shoulders on said body and mandrel adapted to impact to deliver the jarring blow, the combination comprising, radially adjustable means carried by the mandrel for releasably holding the body and mandrel against relative movement in a jarring direction, and means for making successive radial adjustments of said holding means while the jar is lowered in the well, the last mentioned means comprising lugs carried on the body and mandrel. and selectively engageable by vertical movement of the drill pipe to arrest relative rotation of the body and mandrel at different positions.

5. In a rotary jar including a body and a relatively longitudinally movable mandrel, both supported on a drill pipe, and striking shoulders on said body and mandrel adapted to impact to deliver the jarring blow, the combination comprising, radially adjustable means carried by said mandrel for releasably holding the body and mandrel against relative movement in a jarring direction, said holding means being radially adjustable by differential pressures applied to it longitudinally of the mandrel, and means for radially adjusting said holding means while the jar is lowered in the well, by rotation of said drill pipe.

6. In a rotary jar including a body and a relatively longitudinally movable mandrel, both supported on a drill pipe, and striking shoulders on said body and mandrel adapted to impact to deliver the jarring blow, the combination comprising, radially adjustable means for releasably holding the body and mandrel against relative movement in a jarring direction, said holding means being radially adjustable by differential pressures applied to it longitudinally of the mandrel, and means for radially adjusting said holding means while the jar is lowered in the well, by rotation of said drill pipe.

'7. In a rotary jar including a body and a relatively longitudinally movable mandrel, both supported on a drill pipe, and striking shoulders on said body and mandrel adapted to impact to de- I 20 a bearing on opposite ends 'of said holdingmeansj 7 liver the jarring blow; the combination compri's ments of said holding meanswhile the jar'is lowered in the well by successive relative rota tional and vertical movements of thebody and V mandrel, the last-mentioned means'rincluding" stops confining each individual adjustment with- 1 inja predetermined limit; V 5V BI'In a rotary jar including a body'and a rel-a tively longitudinally :movable mandrel; both sup- V ported on a' drill pipe, andstriking shoulders on said'body'and mandrel adapted to impact tode- 7' liver the jarringblow, the combination comprising radially: adjustable means holding the'body U and mandrel against relative movement in ajarring direction, and means'for radially'adjusting said holding meansgand 7 last 'mentioned means':

including a pair of relativelyimovableqmembers 9. In a rotary jar including a body'and a relatively longitudinally movable mandreljboth supported on a drillpipe, 'and'striking shoulders on said'body and'inandr'eladapted to impact tode liver the jarring blow; the 'combination compris ingradially' adjustable means carried on said mandrel and holding the body and mandrel against relative movement in a'jarring direction,

and means for-radially adjusting said holding means, the last mentioned means including a pair of nuts threaded on the mandrel and bearing against Voppositeends of said hOldlIlgTIllfiilS.

10. In a rotary jar including a body and a rela% tivelylongitudinally movable mandrel, both sup-V ported'on a drillpipe, and striking shoulders on said body and mandrel'adapted to'impact to de- 7 liver the jarring blow; the combination c0mprising radially adjustable means carried on said mandrel and holding the body and rnandrel against relative movement in a jarringdireotion,

means; the last mentlioned :means including a mandrel, body supported zonla drill? pipe; and

striking shoulders on said body and "mandreladapted to impact 'tojdeliverrthejarringrblow; V the 'combina'tionicomprislng 'a pluralityof circu larlyi arranged deten ts carrie'd by said'mandrel j i 30 body against relative movement in a jarringfldirection, detent adjusting means including a pair;

nuts to rotate them on the mandrel. l 11.,In a rotary jar including a body andarelatively longitudinally and rotatably movablejman drel, both supported on a drill pipe, and striking shoulders on" said body and mandrel adapted to f impact to deliver the jarrin'gfblowi the combina tion comprising' a pluralityiof circularly arranged; I0"

" detents carried by said mandrel and engaging the body to hold -the m andreland body against rela-. V

" tive movement in" a "jarring idirection; detent' o adjusting means including'a pair 'of'nutsthread v i ed' on the mandrel and engaging therends of 'said' 15 detent's, means 'on said body -for selectively en 3 P gaging said nutsto rotate them and/thereby apply a to the detentsa variable .pressure thatidetermines their radial positions} and means for ar-" f resting relative rotation between the body and mandrel at predetermined intervals'while one. of said nuts is engaged by the last, mentioned means;

a 12. In a rotary jar includingabody and a rel; atively longitudinally and? rotatably movable and engaging the body to hold the mandrel and or nuts'threaded on the mandrel and engaging the ends of said detentameans on said body for selectivelyjengaging said nuts to rotate them and thereby apply to the detents a variable pressure that determinestheir' radial positions,ran'd lugs carried on the body and mandrelrand selectively V engageable by relative vertical movement ofethe body and mandrel to arrest'relative rotational 40 V a the body and mandrel at difierent positions. r and vmeans for radially adjusting said holdijngfEZDWARD F.

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