US2095183A - Method of making cement - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 5,1937. w. DYCKERHOFF METHOD OF MAKING CEMENT Original Filed Nov. 23, 1935 Z] vucln-fom Wajgzar Dyckerkoffi Patented Oct. 5, 1937 w UNITED STATES'PATENT OFFICE 2,095,133 METHOD OF MAKING CEMENT Walter Dyckerhofi, Mainz-Alnoeneburg, Germany Original application November-.23, 1935, Serial No. 51,331.. Divided and this application October 6, 1936, Serial No. 104,263

2 Claims. (Cl. 263-53) This application is a division from application tinuously x n w rn nozzles in order to Serial No. 51,331, filed November 23, 1935. keep the supply to each kiln constant.

The present invention relates to the produc- In the drawing afiixed to this specification and tion of cement by feeding a cement slurry to forming part thereof,

the rotary kilns customarily used in this art Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a slurry 5 through atomizing nozzles, wherein theslurry is upply pipe and nozzle head constructed in acdispersed in sheets within the drying zone of the cordance with the present invention, illustrat- J kiln to bring the slurry particles and nodules into ing the manner of mounting the head in a kiln. intimate contact with the heating stream for Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 1 positively and completely contacting the atomof Fig. l'looking in the direction of the arrows, l0 ized materials and efiecting a complete desiccashowing the outlet end of the spray head nozzles.

tlon thereof with a minimum fuel consumption. Fig. 3 is a detail fragmentary longitudinal In cement burning operations carried through sectional view taken through one of the nozzles. in the manner hereinbefore described the cement Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on e line slurry has been forced under pressure into'the 44 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the 15 kiln through a nozzle, wherein the slurry was w i s atin t man of ounting the spread out in a'sheet so that the hot gases passspiral shaft or core in the nozzle casin nd ing through the latter could completely per' F .5 is a perspective view of the spiral shaft e t-, th slurry, or core showing to advantage the overlapping of The present improvement is designed to renthe terminals of the vanes. 20 der the cement burning process more economi- Referring to the drawing, each of the nozzles,

cal and to this purpose I feed the slurry under as illustrated to advantage in Fig- 1, includes a pressure through a single conduit to a pluralcylindrical c si e u er end of the bore ity of nozzles, each nozzle extending into the f which is enlarged to P e an annular shou drying zone of aseparate rotary kiln to spread the der p ed t be engaged y t inner e ds 25 slurry in this kiln into a uniform sheet. of vanes l5, which latter form an integral part In order that this can be done on a, commerof'a nozzle core Is. The vanes l5 are formed cial scale, care must be taken to protect the p y n he p r p y of h core sh f e nozzles against a, speedy destruction by the fricouter end Of which latter issues 111130 2. conical tional wear exerted on the mouthpieces of the terminal It Will be noted 119011 reference to 30 nozzle by the hard solid particles in the slurry Fi 5 0f the win h n the p e en inwhich are forcibly brought into contact with the t e, I employ three vanes, the end of each nam borings, of which overlaps an end of the two remaining Obviously, if such wear of the nozzle mouths. and is bevelled to p o an ed e 8.

pieces were not prevented from occurring, the Each Vane extends through an angle of less 35 several nozzles would be worn down to a, diflerthan 360 and preferably less than 180 in order ent extent and consequently a larger quantity of not to unduly cr se the constriction and the slurry would be fed er unit of time to one or. s q nt v ity of fl w of t e j t of slurry. part of the kilns. The outer ends of the vanes l5 engage the in- 40 I avoid these difllcultles by ejecting the slurry 1181' Wall Of D mouthpiece the letter 40 into the kilns through nozzles of practically inbeing concentrically o d i the enlar ed variable diameter and by apportioning to eachthe ng l3 and prolectlng beyond the of the kilns the quantity of slurry corresponding latter as The Wall of to the dimensions of each individual kiln by ejectthe mwthpiece 1s amped to provlde an acute 5 ing the slung, through nozzles of corresponding ly tapering trumpet-like wall 20, the entrance pordimensions a tion of which encloses with the inner wall of the To this end each nozzle is fitted out with a casing an angle ranging between and 135 and which terminates in a central opening mouthpiece selected for each individual kiln as formed in the mouthpiece in which opening I far as its boring is concerned and 1 form these mount a nozzle tip or insert 2| made of spa 50 mouthpieces with inserts of a material of high cial e resisting material The tip resistivity to Wear- In this manner am vided with a central bore, the inner end of which abled to s pp y cement slurry to a number 0f flares outwardly so as to coincide with and form kilns through a single conduit and with the aid 9. continuous part of the wall 20. It will be "5 of a single pump without being required to connoted from Fig. 1 that the tapering terminal or nose I! of the core is centered in the mouthpiece IQ but spaced from the wall of the latter and from the bore of the tip 2| at all points around its periphery. The core l5 and mouthpiece I9 are secured from movement or displacement by a cap 22, the latter being detachably mounted on the casing l3 and provided with a central opening 23, the diameter of which approximately corresponds to the diameter of the tip 2|.

Following the teaching of the present invention, the slurry is fed under pressure by a pump (not shown) through the supply pipeB, branches 9, and discharge pipe H into the head I2. In the head l2 the slurry is divided for discharge through the nozzles l3. A column of slurry passing through the casing l3 of a nozzle impinges on the inner ends of the vanes I5, at which point the column is subdivided and contact had with the acutely tapered wall 20 of the mouthpiece l9. Since the slurry is passing through the nozzle under pressure a whirling action results, which action is accelerated by the construction of the wall of the mouthpiece l9 and the configuration of the terminal H. The maximum velocity of the slurry is at the point of discharge of the latter outside of the discharge end of the nozzle. By reason of the whirling action the slurry, immediately after leaving the nozzle, is dispersed and forms a sheet with the nozzle substantially at the center thereof and extending in a direction generally transverse of the kiln. The heating gases moving longitudinally in the kiln impinge on the sheet of slurry. Since the tip 2| is made of wear resisting material, the bore of the tip remains constant, thereby preventing variation in the volume of slurry passing through the tip. Moreover, instead of replacing the nozzle after a very short period of use, sometimes only a few hours, as is now customary when nozzles are used, the nozzle of the present invention may be used for approximately a year under ordinary conditions.

By use of the nozzle above described it is possible to obtain an automatic apportionment of the slurry fed to each kiln where a battery or series of kilns of the same size or of different sizes are used supplied by a single pump. In this operation the slurry is pumped to the various kilns through the slurry supply pipes and discharged through the nozzles of the present in-' vention, the apportionment of the slurry being adjusted by the size of the outlet openings of the nozzles. It is, of course, understood that the mouthpie'ces of the nozzles are provided with openings varying in diameter, each mouthpiece being detachable to permit its replacement by a mouthpiece having an opening of a difierent diameter where the apportionment of the slurry is to be changed.

While I have herein described a preferred form of my invention, it is nevertheless to be understood that various changes may be made therein within the scope of the claims herewith appended.

I claim:--

1. In the manufacture of cement by injecting into a rotary kiln through a nozzle cement slurry under pressure in combination, the steps of subdividing the slurry into a plurality of currents, ejecting each current into a separate kiln through a nozzle dimensioned in proportion to the capacity of each kiln and spreading the cement slurry ejected through said nozzle into a thin substantially uniform sheet and in a generally transverse direction of the kiln and impinging heating gases on said sheet.

2. In the manufacture of cement the steps of injecting into a. rotary kiln a cement slurry under pressure and spreading the slurry into a thin substantially uniform sheet extending in a generally transverse direction with respect to the kiln and directing a current of heating gases longitudinally of the kiln into impingement on said sheet.

WALTER DYCKERHOFF.

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