US2066570A - Paper making machine - Google Patents

Description

`Tan. 5, 193'?. G. T. LANE ET Al.

PAPER MAKING' MACHINE Filed Nov. 20, 1934- 2 Sheets-Sheet l @mM/5m@ M115 WA www,

Jan. 5, 1937. G. T. LANE ET Ax.

` PAPER MAKING MACHINE 2 sneet`s-sneet 2 Filed Nov. 2o, 1954 aww/kome agmwm@ mamma@ aented an. 1937 Geronld T. Lane and Wendell Butter-held, Rochester, N. Y., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Eastman Kodak Company, .Mersey vity, N.- it., a corporation of? New .lersey Application November 20, `112934,. Sei No. 353,919

llll mail. UCL 92-43) This invention relates to Amachines for making paper and particularly to machines in which the stuit can be mixed with an extremely large quantity of water.

One object of our invention is to provide a machine of the type described in which a cylinder is used to support one end of the paper making wire, this wire passing partially around and to and from the cylinder. Another object of our controlled by the amount of water which can be removed from the wire.

In our co-pendin'g application Serial No. 699,- '776, led November 25, 1933, for Paper making machine, we have shown a machine in which extremely large quantities of Water can be re-, moved successfully, and the present invention is for an improvement over in this application.

the machine shown :sok

10 invention is to provide a machine in which the It is desirable to move the stuff through a flow cylinder is partially submerged in a flow box so box at `Substinitially the Same Speed aS the makthat the making wire passing around the cylinder ing wire and cylinder so that an even layer o f can receive a very substantial deposit of-fibers, bers can be deposited upon the wire and so and so that an additional but continuous deposit that these fibers will not lie parallel to the direcl5 of fibers can take place on the making wire as it tion of movement of the wire. K

leaves the cylinder. Another object of our in- Withv a machine of the type described in our vention is to provide a machine in which the 'JO-pending application and of the type Shown speed of the ow of stuff can be maintained at herein, Where the bers are deposited beneath substantially the speed of the making wire and the'surface of the stuil in the flow box as well go in which the quantity of the flow over the makas being deposited on the wire as it leaves the in'g wire as it leaves the cylinder can be cylinder. it is very desirable yto maintain the flow controlled. Another object of ourinvention is of stul over the cylinder at the Same Speed 0f to provide a iow divider for dividing the stui movement aS the ,Stlli moving abOllt the S1110-v in the flow box into two streams in both of which merged'portion of the cylinder, and it is also the stui remains continuously moving, andfin desirable to havea large quantity 0f stul in which concentration of the bers is prevented. theow bOX S0 that eS the Wire leaves the Cylin- Another object is to providev a ow box toand der, the CODSiSteIlCy 0f the Stuff Will remain the from which a making wire and the deckle straps Same and will not become more concentrated. are passed and to provide a flow box with a suit- We have found that by dividing the large quanable seal through which the making wire and tity of stud in the ow box into two streams and deckle straps may pass. Other objects will apby utilizing all of one stream to ow out over the pear from the following specification, the novel top 0f the Papel Wifeian improved product can features being pointed out in the claims at the be Obtaine There are a' number 0f advantages end thereof, in using a ow divider, among which is the fact Coming now to the drawings wherein like refthat the Second Stream 0f Stuff Which does not erence characters denote like parts throughout: 110W Out Over the makmg wire, can be used in a Fig. 1 is a side elevation partially in section number 0f ways to-obtain desired results. If of a machine constructed in accordance with this second stream is moved continuously. out and embodying a preferred form of our lnventhrough en OVel'OW igt Wm tend t0 retain an 40 tion even flow of stuff through the entire flow box- Fig 2 is a fragmentary Section on une 2 2 of and it will prevent the concentration of stui Fig 1 l near tllie papr' mlakiig gire twhich so often Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary detail parauses umps o co ec y u 1 umg an OVT muy in section showing thev flow box seal for OW' eddles and currents i the Stu Whlch the making Wire and deckle straps usually occur near the overflow can be prevented from harming the deposit of bers laid on the Fig. 4 is asection `on line 4 4 of Fig. 1. h t b Gaus an such eddies m b t d Fig: 5 is a fragmentary plan view of a deckle *s ee e e y w e separa e f l i from the paper making wire by means of the stuimfg box' flow divider. Thus, the current or flow of the 5o It 1S We known in the Papel making aft stug through the mst stream is not disturbedin that is desirable to use a large quantity of Way the overow. water relative to the fibers in the stuff in order Another advantage of having the stuff divided t0 lay the bers evenly and without definite into two streams is that by controlling the level pattern upon the making wire. However, the of the second stream, the head or pressure which quantity of waterwhich can be used is largely forces alarge part of the water through the making Wire as it passes around the cylinder can be controlled.

Referring particularly to the drawings, wherein an embodiment of our invention is shown, the paper making machine may consist of a cylinder I which has a foraminous periphery and which may be of any well known type. This cylinder may be supported by spokes 2 from a hub 3 and a. hollow shaft 4 may rotatably support the cylinder I at least partially submerged in a ow l box 5. This flow box may be of more or less irregular contour and may consist of a curved wall 6 leading to a channel 1 which is divided by baffles 8 so that the stuff flows in through a pipe 9 from head box I0.

The wall 6 may be provided with an overflow II in which a slice I2 is adjustably mounted so that it may be moved by the hand-wheel I3 to raise and lower the level I4 of the stuff I5 in the flow box. Thus, by turning the hand-wheel I3, the level can be varied and because of the flow divided, the change of level of the stream I6 of stuff, which does not flow out over the making wire I1, causes more or less pressure upon the wire passing around the cylinder and a greater or lesser deposit offbers thereon. The level of the stock flowing yover the wire at I8 is raised somewhat by an' increase of pressure, but this can be controlled by the hand-wheel 28.

We provide a flow divider 26 which is preferably in the form of an arcuate plate having side flanges 2I, as best shown in Fig. 2, which lie flat against the side walls 23 of the flow box.5. `'I'his flow divider is pivoted upon a shaft 24 and the upper end carries ears 25 slotted at 26 to receive a pin 21 which is vertically adjustable by means of the hand-wheel 28. The flow divider is provided With an upstanding flange 29 which serves as a dam so that if the level I4 of the stream I6 of stuff is raised by raising the slice I2, that end of the stream I6 which is toward the making wire y will be held back by the flange 29.

It is not necessary that the flanges 2I and 29 be perfectly sealed against the side walls 23 of the flow box, but they should be suflciently tight to prevent anyV material flow of stuff between the edges of the flow divider and the flow box.

By moving the hand-wheel 28, the stream I9 of stuff which passes out over the making wire I1 can be vaccurately lcontrolled to the exact quantity of stuff which is required. In a machine of this type wherein the greater portion of the fibers have been laid upon the making wire I1 before it passes from the cylinder I, the amount of stuff which is flowed out over the making wire as it leaves the cylinder is relatively important because it is desirable to flow out just enough stuff to complete the desired thickness of the fibers laid on the wire, and the flow must not be cut down to such an extent that insuicient stuff is flowed over the wire to prevent wash-off marks which have heretofore been the great difliculty with this type of machine.

The making wire I1 passes over a series of guide rollers 3U which may be of any known type and the width of the fibers laid on the wire is controlled by the usual deckle straps 3l. These straps are shown as being passed over guide roll- A ers 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, and 31, although obviously more rollers may be employed, if desired.

However, from rollers 31 the deckle straps 3|, as best shown in Fig. 3, pass through a stufling box 38 which is preferably lined with felt pads 39. These pads, when wet, form a very satisfactory :tuning box for the deckle straps and effectually seal the upper wall 40 of the flow box 5 so that stuff beneath this wall will not leak out. As shown in Fig. 5, there are four of these pads 39, one arranged on each side of the deckle strap. The making wire I1 is an endless one which passes away from the cylinder towards and over a guide roller diagrammatically shown as 4I and then back toward the cylinder again passing around the guide roller 42. This guide roller directs the making wire to the cylinder I and it yfollows the cylinder around, being sealed from the ow box section indicated at 43 in the following manner: A flange 44 extends downwardly from the flow box wall 45 and supports a plate 46. This plate is preferably somewhat resilient and can be conveniently made of sheet stock, such as stainless steel or chromium-plated brass. To the flexible plate 46 is attached a casting 41 having a flange 48 supported by brackets 49, and this plate is preferably provided with a rabbet 50 in which the upper edge of a flexible plate 5I may lie and may be attached by rivets, screws, or other fastening means 52. be flexible and should be made of a material which does not wear'the making wire I1 more than is absolutely necessary. We have found `that formica is an entirely satisfactory material for the plate 5I, this being relatively soft with respect to the making wire and yet being sufficiently strong and flexible to wear satisfactorily. The flange 48 of member 41 is to permit the angular inclination of the plate to be changed, sincel one or more screws 53 passing through threaded nuts 54 may impinge upon the flange. By turning the head 55 of the nut, the flange 48 will cause the plate 41 to move. This movement is permitted by the flexibility of the plate 46 on one side of plate 41 and by the flexible plate 5I on the other side of the plate 41. Thus, the contact pressure of the formica plate 5I upon thel making wire I1 can be easily adjusted.

This adjustment usually only needs to be made once for the initial setting up of the machine, although, of course, it can be altered at any time if it should be desirable. However, the pressure upon the plate 5I is not entirely due to the adjustment of the screw head 55 because the flow of stuff through the flow box tends to force the plate 5I against the making wire so that the flow of the stuff alone may be sufficient to make a relatively tight connection and to prevent the stuff from passing up through the opening in the flow box through which the making wire is admitted.

After passing through the stuffing boxes 38,

.the deckle straps 3| are sealed further against.

the sides 23 of the flow box by means of felt pads 56. These pads extend down some distance so that, as shown in Fig. 3, they will insure sealing the edges of the deckle straps 3| past that point 51 wherethe end of the formica sheet 5I contacts with the making Wire I1. This -efectually seals the sides of the vat so that the stuff is conned'to its proper channel through the flow box.

I prefer to provide the felt pads 56 with slots 58 through which bolts 59 pass, so that in setting up the machine, these pads may be slid'up,

against the edges of the deckle straps 3| and a relatively tight seal can be quickly provided.

The operation of our machine is as follows: Stuff flows through the flow box in the direction indicated by the arrows in Fig. l. As the making wire I1 passes out from beneath the flexible seal II and as the deckle straps 3| pass The plate 5I shouldl accetto l seals 56, the stuff iiowing with the making wire @easily made-strong, because fibers of greater and deckle straps at substantially the same speed starts to deposit fibers upon the making wire. by the elevation of the stuff in the flow box. Water is drained from the interior of the cylinder l as through a pipe t0, which may be pro-l vided with a valve to adjust the ii'ow from the cylinder, if desirable. As the stui and making wire proceed around through the flow box, the flow of stuff is divided into two streams i6 and I9 by the flow divider 2U, The stream |19 ows out over the top of the making Wire I 'l as it leaves the cylinder i and deposits a ne, even, and continuous layer of water andiber on the fibers already laid on the wire, thus eectuall'y preventing wash-olf lines or markings.

The stream it of stuifv'vhich flows on the opposite side of the'flow divider flows out over an overflow so that the flow through the ow box is continuous and even. If the upper surface lit of the stream i6 should become turbulent, or if there should be eddies or currents in this portion of the flow,A the stock passing to the making wire will not be aifected because it is divided from the stream i9 by the flow divider 2i). Thus, any lumps or irregularities in the consistency ofthe stock in the stream iB are immaterial.

'Ihe stuff may pass over the overflow il and out through a pipe t! from Which it may be rebeaten, although in practice we have found that the consistency offthe stuff permits this to be pumped back into the head box lll and recirculated, if desired.

The speed with whichthe fibers can be laid on the making wire passing about the cylinder can be controlled by the elevation of the adjustable slice l2 to the overflow. The greater the elevation of the stui in stream Ilii, the g-reaterthe pressure upon the stuff in the iiow box 5; sovthat the water will be forced more quickly through the making wire into the cylinder.

By adjusting the hand-wheel 28, the required amount of flow lin stream i9 can be controlled so that the uniformity of the fibers passing out on the making wire from the drum can also be controlled. Although a comparatively heavy layer of fibers has been laid on the wire before iti passes from the drum, the usual amount of Afibers can be laid on the Wire as it leaves the drum so that, if desired, a comparatively thick sheet of paper can be formed.

However, it is-not primarily for the thickness of the sheet that we have designed this machine, but for the accurate control of the fibers so that an extremely strong and uniform sheet can be length than usual can be used, because of the large quantity of water which is used with this y machine, and uniform, because the fibers which are laid on the making wire suffer very little from the usual difficulty of being directional with respect to the movement of the making wire.' In other words, the fibers are laid on the making wire quite uniformly and in practically all directions, although, if the making wire and stuff in the flow box move at materially diderent speeds, as may be the case with careless adjustments, the bers may be somewhat directional.

What we describe as our invention and desire This is due to the pressure or head causedv to. be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a paper making machine, the combination with a cylinder, of a making wire and deckel ing across and contacting with the making wire,.

felt pads adapted to seal edges of the deckel strap and forming a separate stuffing box for the deckel straps passing into the ow box, and

a ow divider located on an opposite side of the cylinder from the iside from which the making wireand deckelstraps enter the flow box.

2. In a paper making machine the combination with a cylinder, of a making wire and deckel straps extending partially around and to and from thecylinder, a flowl box in which the cylinder is mounted, 1 means for sealing the deckel straps and wire at their point of entrance into the flow box comprising a flexible dam including a iiexible plate, a rigid plate attached to an edge thereof, a iiexible plate connected to an edge of the rigid plate and having an opposite edge resting on the making wire in a substantially tangential relation thereto.

3. In a paper makingmachine the combina#y tion with a cylinder, of a making wire and deckel straps extending" partially around and to and from the cylinder, a flow box in which thecylinder is mounted, means for sealing the deckell straps and Wire at their point of entrance into the flow box comprising a iiexible dam including a flexible plate, a rigid plate attached'to an edge thereof, a flexible plate connected to an `edge of the rigid plate and having an opposite edge resting on the making wire in asubstantially tangential relation thereto, and means for exing the dam to move it relatively to the cylinder. l

4. In a paper making machine the combination with a cylinder, of a making wire and deckel straps extending partially around and to and from the cylinder, a ow box in which the cylinoutside thereof and contacting with the rigid plate to flex the dam.

5. In a paper making machine the combination with a cylinder, a making wire extending partially around and toand from the cylinder, deckelstraps associated with the making wire for controlling the width of the paper web, a flow box, pivotal supports for the cylinder carried by the flow box, said flow box including an entrance opening for the making wireand deckel straps, means included in said opening for sealing the deckel straps and making wire to make a substantially fluid tight connection whereby a head may be maintained in the flow box, a flow divider in the flow box for dividing the stui into two streams and means for varying the level of vone stream relative to the other to control the quantity of stui in one of said two streams, whereby all of the stud passing through onestream may deckel straps associated with the making fwire.

for controlling the width of the paper web, a flow box, pivotal supports for the cylinder carried by the flow box, said flow box including an entrance opening for the making wire and deckel g straps, means included` in said opening for sealing the deckel straps and making wire to make a substantially fluid tight connection whereby a head may be maintained in the flow box, a ow divider in the flow box for dividing the stui into two vstreams and means for regulating one stream relative to the other whereby one stream may be controlled as to quantity and speed of flow to cooperate with the movement of the making wire, and may flow out over the top of the making wire as it moves away from the cylinder.

7. In a paper making machine, the combination with a cylinder, of a flow box in which the cylinder is revolubly mounted. a making wire adapted to move with the cylinder passing around apart of the cylinder and being adapted to pass to and from the cylinder, said wire being guided from the cylinder in a substantially horizontal run, a flow divider mount-ed in the flow box for dividing the stuiT in the ow box into two streams, one stream adjacent the cylinder being adapted to flow out over the top of the making wire as it passes from the cylinder.

8. In a paper making machine, the combination with a cylinder, of a ow box in which the cylinder is revolubly mounted, a making wire adapted to move with the cylinder passing around a part of the cylinder and being adapted to pass to and from the cylinder, said wire being guided from the cylinder in a substantially horizontal run, a flow divider mounted in the flow box for dividing the stuff in the flow box into two streams, one stream adjacent to the cylinder and the other stream spaced from the cylinder, and means for utilizing the second mentioned stream for controlling the fibers laid on the cylinder, the

` stream adjacent the cylinder flowing out over the cylinder is revolubly mounted, a making wire adapted to move with the cylinder passing around a part of the cylinder and being adapted to pass to and from 'the' cylinder, said Wire being guided from the cylinder in a substantially horizontal run, a flow divider mounted in the flow box for dividing the stuff in the flow box into two streams, one stream adjacent the cylinder being adapted to flow out over the top of the making wire as it passes from the cylinder and means for varying the position of the ow divider relatively to the cylinder whereby all of the fibers in one of the divided streams may be deposited in the making wire, and may -flow out over the top of the making wire as it passes from the cylinder.

10. In a paper making machine, the combination with `a cylinder, of a wire passing partially around and to and from the cylinder, a flow box in which vthe cylinder is mounted, a stock divider for separating the ow of stock into two streams,

said stock divider including a pivotal support on one end and means for adjusting the other end of the stock divider to and from the top of the cylinder whereby the proportions of the ow on both sides of the flow divider may be controlled, one stream of stock being adjacent the cylinder and flowing out over the top of the making wire as it moves away from the cylinder.

11. In a paper making machine, the combination with a cylinder, of a. wire passing partially A'around and to and from the cylinder, a ilow box

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