US2063730A - Lighting fixture - Google Patents

Description

P. I. ELIAS ET AL LIGHTING FIXTURE Dec. 8, 1936.

Filed Nov. 25, 1934 S m T N E V m PERCY I. ELIAS AND MJCHAEL GELO ELIAS,

ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 8, 1936 PATENT OFFICE LIGHTING FIXTURE Percy I. Elias and Michael Angelo Elias, 211,. Long Beach, N. Y.

- Application November 23, 1934, Serial No. 754,445

10 Claims.

This invention relates to lighting fixtures.

The primary object of our invention is to generally improve lighting fixtures of the ceiling type. More particular objects of our invention reside in the provision of a lighting fixture which is arranged for both direct and indirect illumination, and which provides a broad area of uniform and diffused light. A further object is to provide a fixture comprising a large ceiling plaque or reflector, and an enclosedglobe mounted immediately therebeneath. Still another object is to provide independent support of the ceiling plaque and the globe on the electrical outlet box, while creating the appearance of having the globe suspended on and forming a continuous extension of the ceiling plaque. Still other objects center about the globe of the fixture, and are: to provide a fully enclosed globe, thereby minimizing cleaning; to form the globe out of a plurality of kinds of glass, each section being made of material best adapted for its particular purpose; to form the globe out of an open-ended body closed by top andbottom lenses; to secure the top lens and body together by means allowing I for unequal expansion and disassembly; and to secure the body and bottom lens together by simple means affording ready removal of the bottom lens for cleaning and re-lamping.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and other objects which will hereinafter appear, our invention consists in the lighting fixture elements and their relation one to the other, as are hereinafter more particularly described in the specification and sought to be' defined in the claims. The specification is accompanied by a drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a partially sectioned side elevation of a lighting fixture" embodying features of our invention; I

Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view showing the bottom lens; 7

Fig. 3 is a section taken in the plane of the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section taken in the plane of the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a section taken in the plane of the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing, the lighting fixture of our invention comprises a ceiling plaque or reflector P,.and an enclosed globe G. The ceiling plaque is preferably large and circular, and may be formed of sheet metal coated with a porcelain-like finish in order to obtain efficient reflection. While the plaque as an entirety is preferv ably made light in color, the stepped outer edges I2 may be colored to provide a decorative appearance. The weight of theplaque is supported directly from the ceiling outlet box I4, and to this .end the interior of the plaque is provided with a cross bar I6 which is centrally apertured to receive a nipple l8 connected to stud by a conventional hickey 22. Nut 24, threaded on nipple l8, takes the load of the ceiling plaque.

Globe G is supported immediately beneath the ceiling plaque, but its weight is applied independently to the outlet box H. To this end, the globe is received in a collar 26 supported by bolts 28 threaded in a strap 30 which is itself held on nipple I 8 by a nut 32. Collar 26 is preferably 7 given a diameter approximately equal to the diameter of the neck 34 of the ceiling plaque, so that the collar appears to be formed integrally with the ceiling plaque. In assembling the fixture, the nuts 24 and 32 are brought up into position but are not tightened with a wrench, for that would distort the ceiling plaque from proper configuration and would defeat the purpose of the independent support herewith provided for the plaque and the globe.

The globe G is fully enclosed, thereby minimizing cleaning and maintaining initial illuminating eiiiciency. This efficiency is very high, even though the globe is fully enclosed, because the globe is made of a plurality of sections comprising a top lens 40, an open-ended body 42, and a 0 bottom lens 44. Top lens 40 is preferably made of pressed crystal glass with a prismatic cut, indicated at 46. This cut is preferably provided on the inner surface, the outer or top surface being left smooth to minimize dust collection and to facilitate cleaning. Lens 40 is provided with a beaded neck 48 received within collar 26. It is further provided with anoutwardly directed peripheral flange 50.

The body 42 may be made of blown glass. This part of the globe may be and preferably is made white or colored in order to improve the appearance of the fixture. The body is preferably larger in diameter at the top open end than at the bottom open end, and maybe stepped as is indicated at 52, 54. The top open end of the body is preferably fianged outwardly at 56, while the bottom is flanged inwardly at 58.

Top lens 40 and body 42 are preferably secured together by a channeled annular metallic band 60. This band encompasses flanges 50 and 56 and is held in closed position by a thumb nut 62 mounted on a tongue 64 projecting from one end of the band, and received within the other end of the band as will be clearly evident from inspection of Figs. 1 and 4. Thumb nut 62 is received through a bayonet slot 66. The outer surface of the tongue and the inner surface of the channel opposite the tongue are preferably matingly serrated with vertical serrations 67 to prevent slippage. It may be noted that the channel of band Ell is wider than the thickness of flanges 5i! and 56, thereby providing a space 68 between said flanges which allows for warping and unequal expansion.

Bottom lens 44, like top lens 33, is preferably made of clear cut crystal glass. The lens may be of the standard type known commercially as a Holophane lens, but other lenses suitable for efficient difiusion of the direct component of the illumination from lamp bulb it may equally well be used. Lens 34 rests upon and is supported by the inwardly directed'flange 58 of body d2. To facilitate insertion and removal of lens M, the flange 58 is preferably partially cut away. In the present case, the flange is notched at oppositely disposed points 72, as is best shown in Fig. 2. The lens is, of course, tilted and inserted through notches i2 edgewise.

Lamp i0 is received in a conventional socket 74 which is secured to collar 26. The globe is received within collar 26 and supported by threepoint support means comprising two short studs or rivets i5 which project inwardly from the flange or wall of the collar, and a thumb screw 18 which is threaded through the collar at a point opposite spaced rivets it. It will be understood that rivets lfi and thumb screw F8 are preferably spaced 120 apart, and that the fixed studs l8 replace two of the conventionally used three thumb screws. The present arrangement is superior not only in minimizing cost, but also in providing more secure support and perfectly central location of the globe within the collar.

While it is a relatively easy matter to remove the entire globe from the collar, and also to remove the body from the top lens '50, it will be understood that under ordinary circumstances the only separation made is the removal of the bottom lens t l from body 32, thereby making possible cleaning and re-lamping;

t is believed that the mode of constructing and assembling our improved fixture, as well as the many advantages thereof, will be apparent from the foregoing rigtailed description thereof. The fixture is dust-proof and efficient. The globe is fully enclosed, yet is made up of diflerent kinds of glass which are not fusible together. The fixture is exceptionally easy to clean and re-lamp. Because of the combination of ceiling plaque, top lens, body, and bottom lens, the illumination is not only efficient quantitatively, but is uniformly spread over a wide area and In a diffused manner Without glare or shadow effects. The assembled fixture is sturdy and attractive in appearance.

It is important to note that the globe is immediately beneath the plaque, thereby minimizing the distance between the lamp filament and the plaque, and also that the upper and lower lenses are relatively near the lamp filament. In other words, the fixture compact in vertical dimension. The nearness of the lamp filament to the ceiling plaque increases the intensity of the illumination reflected from the ceiling plaque, which more than compensates for absorption in the toplens. At the same time, complete illumination or utilization of the ceiling plaque is obtained despite the elevation of the globe, because the top lens is a refractor and spreads the illumination to cover the area of the plaque. The shape, cut, and location of the top lens and its relation to the lamp are adjusted with the purpose in View of fully illuminating the plaque at high intensity.

If desired, the surface of the upper lens may be given a very slight velvety finish in order to diifuse the light directed on the plaque. The radial cut of the top lens is incidentally desirable to break up filament striations on the plaque.

It will also be noted that the top lens is larger in diameter than the bottom lens, and the diameter of the top lens is another factor selected with a view to properly illuminating the plaque while keeping the globe immediately and directly therebeneath. In general, the top lens is designed for absolute control of the illumination of the plaque. The bottom lens provides a component of direct illumination beneath the fixture needed for a level intensity curve.

While the top and bottom lenses are relatively near the lamp, there is no danger of high temperature aging of the lamp because the globe volume is more than ample for the wattage dissipated. Furthermore, radiation is greatly increased by the large surface area of the cut lenses. The full enclosure of the globe not only excludes dust but also gusts of cold air, thereby lengthening the life of the lamp.

It will be apparent that while we have shown and described our invention in a preferred form, many changes and modifications may be made in the structure disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention, defined in the following claims.

We claim:

1. An enclosed globe for a lighting fixture, said globe comprising a top lens of large area, a generally cylindrical inwardly stepped body, and a bottom lens of small area, said lenses being made of pressed crystal glass with a prismatic cut on the lower surface and said body being of smooth translucent glass, the body and top lens being secured together by a metallic fitting, and said bottom lens being readily detachably secured to the body.

2. A fully enclosed globe for a lighting fixture, said globe comprising a top lens of large area, a generally cylindrical inwardly stepped body, and a bottom lens of small area, said lenses being made of crystal glass with a prismatic cut, said body being made of blown glass, the body and top lens being secured together by a metallic band extending around the peripheries of the body and lens, and said bottom lens being received within the body and resting upon an inwardly directed flange at the bottom of the body.

3. A fully enclosed globe for a lighting fixture, said globe comprising a top lens of large area, a generally cylindrical open-ended body, and a bottom lens of small area, said lenses being made of crystal glass with a prismatic cut on bottom and said body being made of translucent blown glass, said body being outwardly flanged at the top and inwardly flanged at the'bottom, the body and top lens being secured together by a detachable metallic channeled band extending around the peripheries of the body and lens, and said bottom lens being received within the body and resting on the bottom flange, said bottom flange having oppositely disposed notches to facilitate insertion and removal of the bottom lens.

4. A lighting fixture comprising a relatively large ceiling plaque, a fully enclosed globe supported directly beneath the ceiling plaque, said globe comprising a top lens, an open-ended body, and a bottom lens, said body being made of blown glass, and said lenses being made of crystal glass with a prismatic cut, said top lens acting to spread diffuse light over the area of the plaque, said body being merely translucent to prevent side glare, and said bottom lens sending a diffuse light immediately beneath the fixture.

5. A lighting fixture comprising a ceiling plaque, a collar positioned immediately'below the neck of the ceiling plaque, a fully enclosed globe supported by said collar, said globe comprising a large top lens designed to illuminate said plaque, a blown glass open-ended body larger in diameter at the top than at the bottom and provided with an inwardly directed flange at the bottom, means securing the top lens and body together, a bottom lens resting on the bottom fiange, said flange being partially cut away to receive the bottom lens, said lenses being made of crystal glass having a prismatically cut bottom.

6. A lighting fixture comprising a ceiling plaque, a collar positioned immediately below the neck of the ceiling plaque, a lamp socket mounted on said collar, spaced studs and thumb screw distributed around said collar and receiving the neck of a fully enclosed globe, said globe comprising a large top lens designed to illuminate said plaque and having a smooth upper surface and a prismatically cut lower surface, a blown glass open-ended body larger in diameter at the top than at the bottom and provided with an outwardly directed flange at the top and an inwardly directed flange at the bottom, an annular channeled ring securing the top lens and body together at the outwardly directed flange, a prismatically cut bottom lens resting on the bottom flange, said flange being oppositely notched to receive the bottom lens. 7

'7. A lighting fixture comprising a relatively large ceiling plaque, a fully enclosed globe supported directly beneath the ceiling plaque, means for supporting the ceiling plaque, the globe and a lamp within the globe from an outlet box, said globe comprising a top lens, an open-ended body, and a bottom lens, said body being made of translucent glass, said lenses being made of crystal glass with a prismatic cut, said top lens being so designed and dimensioned as to transmit and diffuse the light from the lamp over substantially the entire area of the plaque, said bottom lens being substantially smaller in area than the top lens, and being so designed and dimensioned as to transmit and difiuse light from the lamp to an area beneath the fixture.

8. A lighting fixture comprising a relatively large ceiling plaque, a fully enclosed globe supported directly beneath the ceiling plaque, means for supporting the ceiling plaque, the globe and a lamp within the globe from an outlet box, said globe comprising a top lens, an open-ended body and a bottom lens, said body being made of translucent glass, said lenses being made of crystal glass with a prismatic cut, said top lens being disposed near the plaque thereabove and near the lamp filament therebeneath and having a radial prismatic cut on its lower surface and a slight velvety finish on its upper surface, and being so designed and dimensioned as to transmit and diffuse the light from the lamp over substantially the entire area of the plaque, said bottom lens being substantially smaller in area than the top lens, and being so designed and dimensioned as to transmit and diffuse light from the lamp to an area beneath the fixture.

9. A lighting fixture comprising a relatively large circular ceiling plaque, a fully enclosed globe supported directly beneath the ceiling plaque, means for supporting the ceiling plaque, the globe, and a lamp within the globe from an outlet box, said globe comprising a top lens, an open-ended body and a bottom lens, said body being made of translucent blown glass, said lenses being made of crystal glass with a prismatic out, said top lens being disposed near the plaque thereabove and being so designed and dimensioned as to transmit and diffuse the light from the lamp over substantially the entire area of the plaque, said bottom lens being substantially smaller in area than the top lens and being so designed and dimensioned as to transmit and diffuse light from the lamp to an area beneath the fixture, the body being stepped inwardly at a plurality of points in order to change from the large diameter of the top lens to the small diameter of the bottom lens.

'10. A lighting fixture comprising a relatively large circular ceiling plaque, a fully enclosed globe supported directly beneath the ceiling plaque, means for supporting the ceiling plaque, the globe and a lamp within the globe from an outlet box,

said globe comprising a top lens, an open-ended body and a bottom lens, said body being made of translucent blown glass, said lenses being made of crystal glass with a prismatic out, said top lens being disposed near the plaque thereabove and near the lamp filament therebeneath and having a radial prismatic cut on'its lower surface and a slight velvety finish on its upper surface, and being so designed and dimensioned as to transmit and diffuse light from the lamp over substantially the entire area of the plaque, said bottom lens being substantially smaller in area than the top lens and being so designed and dimensioned as to transmit and diffuse light from the lamp to an area beneath the fixture, the body being stepped inwardly at a plurality of points in order to change from the large diameter of the top lens to the small diameter of the bottom lens.

PERCY I. ELIAS. MICHAEL ANGELO ELIAS, 2ND.

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