US2060003A

US2060003A - Pump

Info

Publication number: US2060003A
Application number: US719785A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lewis M Decker
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1934-04-09
Filing date: 1934-04-09
Publication date: 1936-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 1953-11-10

Description

| M. DECKER 2,060,003

PUMP

Nov. 10, 1936.

4 Sheets -Sheet 1 Filed April 9, 1934 67 Hnncntur 13g I I Nov. 10, 1936. 0 M DECKER 2,060,003

PUMP

Filed April 9, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 NOV. 10, 1936. DECKER 2,060,003

PUMP

' Filed April 9, 1934' 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Hnnzntur L. M. DECKER Nov. 10,1936.

PUMP

Filed April 9, 1934 4 Sheets-SheetA Patented Nov. 10, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention aims to provide a pump where in novel means is provided for shifting an inner cylinder within an outer cylinder, to vary the amount of'liquid discharged by a plunger operating within the inner cylinder, novel means being provided for operating the plunger.

It is within the province of the disclosure to improve generally and to enhance the utility of devices of-that type to which the invention apio p rtains.

With the above and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed, may be made within the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows in vertical section, a device constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in elevation, looking at the left hand end of the device in Fig. 1, parts being broken away, and parts being in section;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 8-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. '7 is a section on the line 'l-l of Fig. 5.

In carrying out the invention, there is provided a stator i, having a removable side plate 4, carrying an outstanding tubular casing 5, to

the outer end of which a removable cover plate 6 is secured. The stator i and the cover plate 8 are supplied with bearings 1, wherein a main shaft 8 is journaled.

Cylinders it are secured to the stator l. Bis- 40 tons M are mounted to reciprocate in the cylinders it, and are operatively connected by a crankmechanism l5.

For each of the cylinders it, a radial fuel pump is provided, the cylinder of the pump being marked by the numeral 57. The cylinder 53 may be alluded to as an outer cylinder, and is a composite structure, including a first member, to the end of which a conduit is connected, the conduit being connected to thenoz- 5 zle 35. The outer pump cylinder 51 includes a second member 59, the members 55 and as or the outer pump cylinder being held together, in end-to-end relation, by a coupling There is a transverse partition 6! in the second mem- 55 ber 59 of the outer pump cylinder 51, and the partition forms a fuel chamber 62 in. the member 59 of the pump cylinder. The fuel, preferably oil, is supplied to the chamber 62 by means indicated at 63, that means preferably being a pipe joining the members 59 of the 5 pump cylinders, and connectedto a source of fuel supply (not shown).

An inner cylinder 66 is mounted for longitudinal adjustment in the partition 65, in the head of the second member 59 of the outer cylinder 10 51, and in the first member 58 or the outer pump cylinder. The inner cylinder 66 is surrounded by packings I21, located in the partition iii and in the head of the second member 59 of the outer pump cylinder 5?. The inner pump cylinder 6% 15 has a bore 65. Transverse ports 66 are formed in the inner cylinder 64 and establish communi cation between the fuel chamber 62 and the bore 65 of the inner cylinder 55. Valve cages El are provided, and contain check valves 68, which 29 close away from the engine cylinder Ill. The valve cages Bl .are mounted in the upper end of the cylinder 66, and are held therein by a retainer 69, which may be threaded into the outer end of the said'cylinder dd. 25

Referring to the means whereby the inner cylinder 64 is adjusted longitudinally in the outer cylinder 51, it is shown in the drawings that the inner cylinder es is cut away on each side, as shown at 85, to intersect the boreiiE of the inner 3c cylinder, thereby forming a circular foot IE7 at the inner end of the cylinder 6d, and forming two oppositely-disposed spindles 'mwhich connect the foot it? with the body portion-of the cylinder 65. The foot it! is secured at H in a 35 disk 12, carrying a lateral projection or pin 13. The pins 13 are received slidably in inclined slots or guides id, formed in an actuating member 15, such as a ring. The ring 15 is provided with circumferential slots l6, receiving laterally pro- 40 jecting supporting elements ll, carried by inwardly projecting brackets is on the casing 5, the construction being such that the ring l5 may be adjusted circumferentialiy. Although any desired means may be provided for adjusting the 45 ring 15 circumierentially, it is suggested that the ring 15 be provided with a rack 19, meshing with a worm 80, on a shaft M, the shaft at being journaled in the casing 5.

The pump plunger is marked bythe numeral 59 82 and an abutment 83 is secured to the plunger by a pin 85 or the like, movable lengthwise of the inner cylinder 64 in the side recesses 85 of the said cylinder, the abutment 03 being slidable on the spindle portions 10 of the inner cylinder. A 55 compression spring 98 surrounds the cylinder 6L2, one end of the spring engaging the partition [it of the cylinder member 59, and the opposite end of the spring engaging the abutment that is secured at to the plunger 32.

The plungers 82 rest in recesses 86- formed in radius arms 8?, pivoted at 88 to a ring or actu-= ating member 88. The ring or actuating member 89 is provided with circumferential slots 98, receiving supporting elements Ql, mounted on laterally projecting lugs 92 on the side plate of the s ator l the construction being such that the ring or carrier can be adjusted circumferentially. Any desired means may be supplied for imparting circumferential adjustment to the carrier ring 89. For instance, the ring 89 may have a raclr 93, meshing with a worm at on a shaft 95, journaled in the casing 5, andunder the control of an operator.

.The radius arms ill have projections 9?, hearing on a disk 88, secured by any desired means to the shaft 8-, within the casing 5. The disk 98 is provided on its edge with a cam $8, including a circumferential surface Hit, the cam having an end Hit, and a less abrupt end M2, the cam constituting means for actuating the pump plungers 82, by way of the radius arms 87.

The pumping operation The fuel oil enters the fuel chamber 62 through the oil supply means shown at $3, and moves through the ports 66 and enters the bore 65 of the inner cylinder 64, in advance of the plunger 82. The shaft 8 rotates the disk Qt. The abrupt end E6! of the cam 92 engages the projection 91 on the radius arm El and swings the radius arm, to impart a snap-like pumping stroke to the plunger 82. The projection ill of the radius arm 81 rides along the edge mo of the cam 99 and then is eased down along the part Hit of the cam, the plunger 82 being lowered, by the action of the spring 86, so that the chamber 82 and the upper part of the bore 65 of the inner cylinder H can fill again with fuel oil. on the up-stroke of the plunger 82, the fuel is forced past the check valves 68, through the conduit 5d, and moves through the nozzle 35.

The firing operation As the piston i l moves to complete its compression stroke, some of the air supplied through the port 28 is trapped in the cylinder m, as the piston it closes the ports 26 and. 30. The air thus trapped is compressed and its temperature is raised to a point where it will ignite the charge delivered through the opening 32 as the piston ,H arrives at the end of its compression stroke.

Plunger control By means of the shaft $5, the worm 8d and the rack 93, the ring 89 can be moved circumferentially on its supports 8!. This causes a circumferential shifting of the radius arms 87 and the operator is enabled to control, through a wide range, the time when the radius arms 81 actuate the pump plungers 82, the speed of the engine being regulated and controlled accordingly.

The fuel control By means of the shaft 85, the worm 80, and the rack 19, or their equivalents, the ring [5 may be moved circumferentially on the supports 18. The inclined slots or guides it of the ring '55, cooperating with the projections 13, move the inner cylinder 64 axially with respect to the outer aoe oos cylinder 57. In this way, the fuel inlet ports (it are shifted with respect to the end of the pump plunger 82 and afiord an automatic and unrestrlcted by-pass for excess fuel. Thus the fuel delivered in advance of the plunger 82 is regulated, the plunger 82 stopping at a predetermined height, determined by the position of the actuators or radius arms 8?. The slots '56 in the ring i5, which receive the supporting elements 'ZT, are of such length that when the ring is moved circumferentially by the shaft ill, the worm 8B and the rack E9, the inner cylinder 65- will be adjusted between predetermined limits within which the port 66 always is in full communication with the chamber 62. The slots 98 of the ring 88 have a similar relation to the supporting elements Ell, and the plunger 82, therefore, will always uncover the port 66 when the plunger 82 makes its suction stroke.

General operation The operation of the device has been set forth hereinbefore, step by step, but, broadly stated, is as follows:

The firing takes place in the. cylinder it, due to the action of the piston H and other mechanisms. The pump supplies fuel to the cylinder ill through the nozzle mechanism 35 or its equivalent, the charge being first measured, and then injected by the same mechanism.

What is claimed is:

l. A pump comprising an outer cylinder provided with a bore and having an outlet communicating with one end portion of the bore, an inner cylinder disposed substantially in coamal relation to the outer cylinder and adjustable longitudinally in the bore of the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder having a bore, the outer cylinder having a chamber disposed in the bore of the outer cylinder about a portion of the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder having a plurality of circumferentially spaced ports establishing communication between the chamber of the outer cylinder and the bore of the inner cylinder, means for supplying liquid to the chamber, a plunger slidable in the bore of the inner cylinder, means for operating the plunger to eject liquid through the outlet, and means for adjusting the inner cylinder longitudinally, thereby to vary the cut-off distance between the inner end of the plunger and the ports and thus bring about a measuring of the liquid ejected through the outlet by the plunger, the last-specified means comprising a ring supported for rotation with respect to a center, the ring having a slot which is inclined with respect to a circle struck from said center, the inner cylinder having a projection slidably received in the slot, and a combined means for holding the ring against free rotation and for imparting a finely adjusted rotation to the ring at the will of an operator, the location of the chamber in the outer cylinder serving to give the chamber a constant and predetermined capacity, regardless of the longitudinal adjustment of the inner cylinder and regardless of the position of the plunger.

2. A pump comprising an outer cylinder provided with an outlet, an inner cylinder longitudinally adjustable in the outer cylinder, a plunger slidable in the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder having an inlet chamber extended longitudinally of the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder having a transverse port communicating with the chamber and opened and closed by the plunger, the port being of small diameter compared with the length of the chamber, to provide for a quick cut-off by the plunger and to provide for a large range of longitudinal adjustment in the inner cylinder while the port remains of a fixed area and in continuous communication, throughout its entire area, with the chamber, means under the control of an operator for adjusting the inner cylinder longitudinally between fixed limits wherein the port maintains continuous communication, at a fixed area, with the chamber, and mechanism for reciprocating the plunger, said mechanism embodying means under the control of'an operator and so constructed relatively to the means for adjusting the inner cylinder longitudinally that the second-specified means will adjust the stroke of the plunger within limits between which the plunger will open and close the port regardless of the position to which the port has been shifted by the longitudinal adjustment of the inner cylinder.

3. Pumping mechanism comprising a plurality of outer cylinders each provided with an outlet, an inner cylinder longitudinally adjustable in each outer cylinder, 9. plunger slidable in each inner cylinder, each outer cylinder having an inlet chamber extended longitudinally of the corresponding inner cylinder, each inner cylinder having a transverse port communicating with the corresponding chamber and opened and closed by the corresponding plunger, each port being of small diameter compared with the length vof the chamber, to provide for a quick cut-ofi by the plunger and to provide for a large range of longitudinal adjustment in the inner cylinder while the port remains of a fixed area and in continuous communication, throughout its entire area, with the chamber, means under the control of an operator for adjusting all of the inner cylinders at once, from a single point of force application, longitudinally between fixed limits wherein the ports maintain continuous communication, at fixed .areas, with the chambers, and mechanism for reciprocating the plungers, said mechanism embodying means under the control of an operator from a single point of force application, and so constructed relatively to the means for adjusting the inner cylinders longitudinally that the second-specified means will adjust the stroke of the plungers within limits between which the plungers will open and close the ports regardless of the position to which the ports have been shifted by the longitudinal adjustment of the inner cylinders.

LEWIS M. DECKER.