US2058995A - Controlling device for automatic stitching machines - Google Patents

Description

, 1936- o. KLEQINSCHMIT E! m. 2,058,995

4 CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC STITCHING MACHINES 'Filed Feb. :5, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 27, 1936. o. KLEINSCHMIT ET AL CONTROLLING DEVICE F01? AUTOMATIC STITCHING IACHINES Filed Feb. 5, i932 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 05cm KLEm/scuM/r mveufoss Orro KELLERMA/VIV Arron/45v I Oct. 27, o. KLEINSCHMIT m, 2,053,995

CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC STITGHING MACHINES Filed Feb. 3, 1932 4 Shuts-Shoot a In w fora;

1936- 4 o. KLEINSCHMIT 1 m. 2,058,995

CONTROLLiNG DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC S'I'I'ICI'iI'NG MACHINES Filed Feb. 3, 1952 islands-Shoot 4 Patented Oct. 27, 1936 UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC STITCHING MACHINES Oscar Kleinschmit and'Otto Kellermann, Leipzig- Plagwitz, Germa assis'nors to Gebruder Brehmer, Leipzig-Plagwitz, Germany, a limited partnership of Germany Application February a, 1932, Serial No. 590,736 In Germany February 23, 1931 2 6 Claims. (Cl; 112-21) In book-stitching machines at present in use the sheets usually are fed into the machine by machines with automatic sheet feed, means are provided for arresting the operation of-the mafor the sheets it is desirable if permanent personal attendance of the automatic machine is to be avoided, to efiect the stoppage of the machine automatically'and render it possible to'eflz'ect this.

control from every point Where disturbances are apt to occur.'

According to this invention, in book-stitching chine on the occurrence, of a breakage of thread, faulty sheet supply or like fault, comprising a fault detecting device adapted, on the occurrence of a fault, to close or open an electrical circuit whereby the machine is rendered inoperative or'a signal given to an attendant.

To this end a useful form of an automatic control embodying the present invention involves the basic idea that wherever in the machine correct working is apt to become disturbed by some ir-- regularity use is made at the particular point of a detector of any desired type which, during the correct working of the machine, .is maintained in some definite inoperative position or suspension and on the occurrence of irregular working at that point is caused to assume a difierentposition thereby, for example, energizing or de-energizing a relay, the armature of which is caused inknown manner to stop the whole machine or the feed mechanism or in some suitable -way actuate a signal calling for immediate attention.

'- The form of the detectors or the manner of their functioning depends entirely on the mechanism aiiected by the interruption and may, of 'course,

differ in the thread supply from that, say, in the sheet supply from the pile to the stitcher support Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a rotary arm stitching machine having incorporated therein fault detecting devices according to this invention.

Fig. 2 is a. side elevation of the machine shown in-Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views drawn to a larger scale showing the fault detecting device associated with the sheet carrier.

Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views drawn to a larger scale showing the spring loaded fault detecting device associated with the thread supply and/or backing gauze supply.

Fig. '1 is, a front view or Fig. 5 looking in the direction of the arrow a.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side view .of the faultdetecting device associated with the backing gauze supply, and V Fig. 9 is an electrical circuit diagram showing the-operative arrangement and interconnections of the various fault detecting and control devices of the machine.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the machine comprises a main frame It! in which is journalled a vertical spindle ll adapted to support horizontal radially extending arms I2 each of which is provided' with a saddle-shaped sheet carrier.

v The arms, which are vertically reciprocated and rotated in known manner by the. driving mecha-. nism indicated by the reference numeral l3, are positioned below an automatic sheet feeding device I4 anda book-stitching device l5. By suitable step by step rotation and vertical reciprocation of the said spindle H each carrier arm it is -inturn positioned beneath the automatic sheet feeding device it comprising inversely rotating 'suction rolls and associated conveyor-tapes 6i driven by chain and sprocket means 62, 63 from a main drive shaft IQ of the machine. The sue-- tipn rolls 6!] deliver a signature b opened thereby and placed straddlewise upon the arm 12 which is .then progressed in two stages of movement to beneath the book-stitching device i5.

In the first stage of this movement the sheet carrier a'rm together with the sheet carried thereon is rotated through of its horizontal travel and moved upwardly. At this point of its travelthe first fault detecting device A is positioned.

One or a series of fault detecting. devices B is or are arranged to form part of themechanism guiding the supply of thread from the bobbins it 'to the rotary sewing needles ll of the stitching. device l5 while a third fault detector device C is associated ;with thebacking strip or gauze supply indicated by the reference numeral l8.

The main drive shaft l9 of'the machine is belt driven from an electric motor 20 and the latter is controlled from a switchboard 20a which includes a rheostat starter (not shown) in circuit with the motor and controlled from a three stage rotary hand switch 2% in a manner hereinafter described A timing device D gear driven from the main drive shaft 99 is placed in circuit with the fault detector devices A, B and C and the motor 20.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 3 and 4, the detector device A comprises an insulated plate 21 adapted to be mounted in the machine on a bracket 2111 (Fig. 1) and positioned closely adjacent the first stage raised position of the sheet carrier arms. The plate 21 has pivotally mounted thereon by means of the pivot 22 a bent lever 2| the upwardly extending arm of which is curved to lie closely adjacent the path of the vertically moving arms l2. The downwardly extending arm of the lever 2| is shaped to a nose piece 2 la and is provided with a downwardly projecting lug to which is attached a helical tensioning spring 21b which is anchored at its further extremity to the plate 21. The spring 21b urges upwardly the nose piece 2|a of the lever 2| and the upward movement of the lever is adjustably limited by the set screw 2 lb, which passes through a second downwardly extending ofiset lug 2|c forming part of the lever 2|, and engages the lower edge of the plate 21. V

A rocking lever 23, pivotally mounted on the plate 21, is provided at its free end with a block drilled and tapped to receive an adjustable contact screw 231), the downwardly projecting point of which contacts with a contact carried by a terminal block 25 which is also mounted onsthe plate 21 as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. An insulated block or stop 23a mounted on the rocking lever 23 is adapted to engage the nose 2|a. of the lever 2| and the lever 23 is thus lifted when upward movement is imparted to the lever 2| and the contact broken between the stud 25 and screw 231).

Each sheet carrier arm is provided with a pair of the wedge-shaped blocks I211 (Figs. 1 to 4) which form part of the saddle-shaped sheet carriers above described and are slightly spaced apart laterally to provide a slot positioned to receive the upwardly extending portion of the lever 2| (Fig. 4) When a folded sheet b is placed straddlewisc upon the sheet carrier arm l2 and blocks I20, the space or slot between the blocks is covered and the upwardly extending portion of the arm 2| held outwardly so that the nose piece 2|a is depressed against the tension of the spring 21?: (Fig. 3). The conducting leads 46a connected to the rocking lever 23 and terminal block 25 form part of an electrical circuit hereinafter to be described.

The fault detecting devices (Figs. 1, 5, e and '1) associated with the sewing needles each comprise a vertical bent arm 24 pivoted at 28m to a bracket 26 mounted on the machine frame above the sewing needles I! and positioned adjacent the path of the threads leading from the bobbins l6 to the needles H. A grooved pulley 24a is rotatably mounted on the upper extremity of the arm 24 and serves to receive the tensioned thread which passes from the bobbin l3 roundone of a pair of guiding pulleys 29, around the grooved pulley 24a and then passes round the second of the guiding pulleys 28 and so down to the corresponding sewing-needle e j The lower portion of the arm 24 carries an insulated block unsecured thereto by a screw 23b.

Mounted upon the block "dis a control pin 23, adaptedto engage with a. contact stud 3| mounted uponaninsulatedmminalblock 32 whichisin turn secured tcthe bracket 23. The two contensioned backing strip l3 passes around the guidaosaocc tacts 28, iii are urged apart by reason of the helical compression spring 30, one end of which is seated in a recess 20a in the bracket 26, and. the other end engages a. suitable boss 24b formed near the lower end of the arm 24. A suitable 5 terminal 33a mounted upon the block 32 and in connection with the stud 3| serves to connect one of the leads 46a of the circuit, while a. second terminal 280 mounted upon the block 23a and in connection with the contact pin 28 serves to connect the other lead 480.

As above described, the spring 32 tends to separate the two contacts 3|, 23 by reason of its interposition between the fixed bracket 23 and the rocking arm 24, but when the thread passes around the grooved pulley 24a carried by the arm "24 on its way from the bobbins l6 to the sewing needles I! at the tension normal to the operation of the machine the top half of the lever 24 will be drawn towards the guiding pulleys 29, and thus cause the contact 23 to be brought into engagement with the contact stud 3| and thus completes. circuit byway of leads 46a and this contact will be maintalned as long as the thread passes around the pulleys under tension.

Upon the breaking or undue slackening of the thread, the spring 30 will cause the lower end of the arm 24 to move away from the bracket 26 and the contacts 28, 3| will separate to break the circult.

The fault detecting device C (Fig. 1) associated withthe backing strip supply is' mechanically similar to the device B above described. In this case, however, the thread guiding grooved pulley 24a is replaced by astrip guiding bar 33 having one end rotatably journalled in a bent arm 24 carried by a bar 26b pivotally mounted in brackets 26, 26c and having its other end carried in a bearing am 240 also carried by the bar 2517. The- 40 ing'bar 33 and so holds the contact pin 23 in contact with the contact stud 3| against the action of the helical compression spring 33 in a similar manner to that described with reference to the'thread in Figs. 3, 4 and 5.

The timing device D incorporates a known pawl and ratchet counting device whereby a notched timing disc 34 is rotated step-by-step in accordance with the stitching operations performed by the machine and so permits the actuation of a make and break contact device 35 through the bell-crank lever 36a and cam 31. An adjustable driving linkage 38 transmits the throw oi! a cam 4| mounted on the shaft 38 and so rotates the disc 34 step by step.

A cam 39 also mounted on the shaft 38 serves to actuate a second make and break contact device 40 for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

Referring to Fig. 9 it will be seen that the fault detecting devices A, B and 0 together with the driving motor 20, switchboard 22a, relay control 44, and timing device D are connected in series with the power mains.

A main switch 42 serves to connect-the mains 43 to the relay control 44 over the main leads 43, 41 and the relay control 44 is in circuit with the switchboard 20a and motor 23 over the leads. 48, 43 and 53. 7

The switchboard controls include the threestage rotary hand switch 230 and a rheostat 70 starter (not shown) is incorporated in the motor circuit.

The normaloperation of the machine is as follows:

uterthemainswitchlticthrownovmthcis rotary hand switch 22 is rotated in thedirection of the arrow and inthe first stage of the movement the cam-faced projection 53 moves the con-' tact bridge 54 to make contact with the contact 55.

n shunt circuit comprising the leads 46, 46a,

41b, 41a and I1 is thus closed and current is passed through the fault detecting devices A, B and C and the electromagnet 58 which forms part of the relay control N. The electromagnet 55 being energized pulls up the armature together with the contact bridges 60 and 53 thus closing the motor tarter circuit formed by the lead 45} contact bridges .60, lead l5, rheostat starter (not shown), motor circuit'and leads and 41.

' The second stage oi: rotation of the switch 22 causes the contact bridge 54 to contact with'con-- tact52 while remaining in contact with contact 55 whereby in known manner the motor control solely by themotor control circuit above described.

'I'heeiectromagnet 58 is energized by current passingthrough the leads of the series circuit of the fault detecting devices A, B and C and if.

this circuit is brokentheelectromagnet 58 is de-energized and releases the pulled up armature 59 and contact bridges 53 and Gllwhereupon the motor circuit is opened and the machine stopped. Upon'the release of the contact bridge 53, it falls back onto a contact 53a. whereupon current is fed from main 41, over lead "a, bridge 54, con-' tact 52, lead 50a, bridge 53,- contact 52a to warn- I ing device II, and thence to main 45.

Cut-out circuits 45b and- 450 associated with the contact make and break devices 35 and 40 re-' spectively are utilized-to render ineffective as desired the fault detecting'devices.

The detecting device A is rendered ineilective by the leads 46b when the make and break device lli is closed. The latter member remains closed until opened by the rotation of the cam 4| and the camis set to open the .cut-out circuit 46b only when each carrier arm is moving upwards past the detecting device A. That is to say the normallyclosed motor control circuit comprising sewing needles when. the-idle stitch is formed.

2 by means of the. sheet-opening and feeding device I For thispurpose the cut-out circuit comprising the leads 46c and contact make and break device 35 is utilized under the control of the known counting mechanism above described to render inefiective .the detector device A at timed periods of. the machine operation and in accordance with vthe number of book sections constituting a complete book.

The complete operative cycle of the machine is controlled in the following manner; a

The machine is started as above described an l4 a folded sheet is positioned straddlewlse upon and contact stud 3i.

one of the radial carrier armswhich is automati-' cally positioned therebelow. -By means of the mechan IS the carrier arm. l2 and sheet now placed hereon move vertically downwards, ro-' tate through 90 and then ascend to the position adjacent the fault detecting'device A as shown F'igfi 'The constantly rotating cam 4| is set to open ,the contact make and break device 40 when the ascending carrier arm moves past the bent lever 2| of the detecting device A. The latter device is thus, during this period, included in the motor control circuit and functions as followsr A sheet when present on the sheet carrier arm serves to bridge the gap between the spaced blocks 12a and the lever 2| contacts with the sheet on the ascending-carrier arm and is rocked about its pivot 22 against the force of the tension spring 21b. The contact screw or pin 23b therefore remains in contact with the "contact stud 25 thus keeping the fault detecting circuit closed and the machine in operation (providingthat the other fault detecting devices are also maintained in operative position).

. In the absence of a sheet from the carrier arm when the latter moves past the device A, the bent lever 2| is-permitted to enter into the gap between the blocks I20: and is thus allowed to rock about its pivot 22 under the influence of the spring 21b whereby the contact is broken between the pin 23b and contact stud 25 whereupon the motor circuit is thrown open and themachine' rendered inoperative.

As above described, when the absence of the the tension of the continuously fed threador gauze backing strip as the case may be, serves to hold in engagement the contact pin -28 and contact stud. 31 so that the operative motor circult remains closed. i

Should the thread or backing strip break or the supply'thereof become exhausted the tension release permits the arm 24, under the influence of the spring 30, to rock about its pivot so as to break the contact between the contact pin 23 The motor circuit is thus opened to render the machine inoperative.

It is sometimes necessary, in the operation of book-stitching machines, periodically to slacken the thread and/or backing strip during the complete' stitching of each book; Obviously a timing device and cut-out circuit similar to that above described could be incorporated in the machine confined 'to the arrangement above describ'edv since it will be appreciated that many constructional'forms of the present invention can'be held to fall within the ambit of the invention as .defined by' the appended claims.

Moreover the above described fault detecting device could readily be adapted to function in a modified way by arranging for the energization of the relay upon the occurrence of a fault inthe operation of the machine so that the armature movement would break the operative circuit and thus halt the machine.

The expression its associate appearing in certain of the claims is intended to include the thread supply, work carrier" and/or backing material supply, recited in those claims and with which the mechanisms are recited as being associated.

What we claim is:-

1.. A book-binding machine including, in combination, a machine drive,'an electrical circuit for controlling said machine drive, a manually operated starting switch, atleast one fault-detecting device comprising electric circuit make and break contacts, a motor control relay having a normally closed energizing circuit completed by way of said manually operated switch at starting, and held energized during operation of said machine by a circuit in series with said fault-detecting devices, means for causing-at least one fault-detecting device to operate and open said circuit and arrest said machine when a failure occurs in a step in the book-binding operation, warning means adapted to operate upon the opening of said relay circuit, means ior'intermittently rendering ineffective at least one'of said i'aultdetecting devices, a timing device actuated from said machine drive to operate said last-mentioned means, and a further timed, means actuated from said machine drive for periodically rendering ineffective at least one of said fault-detecting devices during that part of the operative cycle oi the machine it is unaflected by the first-mentioned timed means.

2. A book-binding machine as claimed in claim 1, including a fault-detecting device'comprising coacting electric contacts mounted upon a supporting base and normally held separated by,one end of a spring-urged two-armed bent lever pivoted to said base, wedge-shaped blocks mounted in pairs upon said movable sheet carrier and spaced apart to receive the other arm of said bent lever between them in such a manner the presence of a sheet or signature correctly positioned upon said movable carrier will prevent the entry of the end of said bent lever between said blocks during a period of the operation of said movable carrier, causing said bent lever to be moved and efiect the closing of said contact means.

3. A book-binding machine as claimed in claim 1, including a fault-detecting device comprising a fixed electric contact mounted upon a fixed support, a movable electric contact carried by one arm of a two-armed lever pivoted to said fixed support and spring-urged to separate said contacts, a' thread-engaging device mounted upon the extremity of the other arms of said twoarmed lever, coacting thread-engaging means fixed to said machine frame, so arranged that the pull of the tensionedsewing thread causes said contact means to spring.

4. A book-binding machine as claimed in claim 1, including a fault-detecting device comprising a fixed electric contact mounted upon a fixed support, a movable electric contact carried by one arm or a two-armed lever pivoted to said fixed support and spring-urged to separate said contacts, a backing strip guiding barioumalled between the other arm of said two-armed lever and close against the action of said accesses with said supply of book-backing material.

6. A book-stitching machine comprising, in

combinatiom'a machine drive, an electrical circult adapted to control said machine drive, a pivotal work carrier, a fault-detecting device associated with said work carrier, and comprising contact make and break members incorporated in said machine drive circuit, a source of thread supply, a fault-detecting device associated with said thread supply and comprising contact make and break members incorporated in said machine drive circuit, a source of backing material supply, a fault-detecting device associated with said backing materiih supply and comprising contact make and break members incorporated in said machine drive circuit, means for operating any of said fault-detecting devices upon failure 01 the correct functioning of its associate, so that said machine drive circuit is afl'ected to arrest said machine drive, and means for periodical y rendering ineflective said fault-detecting devices.

'1: A book-stitching machine comprising, in

combination, a machine drive, an electrical circult adapted to control said machine drive, a pivotal work carrier, a fault-detecting device associated with said work carrier, and comprising contact make and break members incorporated in said machine drive circuit, a source of thread supply, a fault-detecting device associated with said thread supply and comprising contact make and break membersincorporated in said machine drive circuit, a source of backing material supply, a fault-detecting device associated with said backing material supply and comprising contact make and break members incorporated in said machine drive circuit, means for operating any or said fault-detecting devices upon Iailure or the correct functioning of its associate, so that said machine drive circuit is affected to arrest said machine drive, means for periodically rendering ineffective said fault-detecting devices, and means associated with said machine drive for timing the periodical interruption of said fault-detecting devices.

8. A book-stitching machine comprising, in combination, a machine drive, an electrical circuit adapted to control said machine drive, a pivotal work carrier, 9. fault-detecting device associated with said work carrier, and comprising contact make and break members incorporated in said machine drive circuit, a source 01' thread sup- P y. a fault-detecting device associated with said thread supplyand comprising contact make and break members incorporated in said machine drive circuit, a source oi backing material supply, a fault detecting device associated with said-backdrive circuit issflected to arrest said machine stitching means, a pivotal work carrier arranged to present the work to said stitching means, means for supplying backing material, driving means for imparting operative movement to said stitching means and said work carrier, an electrically operated controlling device arranged automatically to control the actuation of the driving,

' means for said stitching means and said work carrier, electrical circuit make and break contacts incorporated in the circuit of said controlling device, and mechanism associated with said -back-. ing material supply means, said mechanism being arranged to respond'toa failure of the correct functioning of its associate so as to. arrest said stitching means and said work carrier. 10. Axbook-binding machine including, in combination,- stitching means, athread supply for said 'stitching means, a pivotal work carrier arranged to present the work to said stitching means, a source of backing-materialsupply, driving means for imparting operative movement to said stitching means and said work carrier, an electrically operated controlling device arranged automatically to, control the actuation of the driving means for said stitching-means and said work carrier, electrical circuit make and break contacts incorporated in the circuit of said controlling device, mechanism associated with said 1 thread supply to influence selected ones of said contacts, and mechanism associated with said backin'g material supply to influence selected ones of said contacts, 'each of said mechanisms being arranged to respond 'to a failure of thecorrect functioning of its associate so as to arrest said stitching means and said work carrier. a

11. A book-binding machine including, in com bination, stitching means, a thread supply for said stitching'means, a pivotal work carrier ar-- ranged to present the work to said stitching means, a source of backing material supply, driving means for impartingoperative movement to said stitching means and ,said work carrier, an electrically operated controlling device arranged automatically to control the actuation of the driving means for said stitching means and said work carrier, electrical circuit make and break contacts incorporated in the circuit of said controlling device, mechanism associated with said .work carrier to influence selected ones of said contacts, and mechanism associated with said backing material supply to influence selected ones of said contacts, each of said mechanisms being arranged to respond to a failure of the correct functioning of its associate so as to arrest said stitching means, and said work carrier.

12. A book-binding machine;;,including, in combination, stitching means, athr'ead suppiy for said stitching means, a pivotal work carrier arranged to present the work to} said stitching means-a. source of backing material supply, driving means for imparting operativemovement to said stitching means and said ,work carrier, an electrically operated controlling device arranged automatically v to control the actuation of the driving means for said stitching means and said work car-' rier, electrical circuit make and break contacts incorporated in the circuit of sa d co troll g de- 'vice, mechanism associatedwith said thread supply to influence selected ones of said contacts, mechanism associated with said work carrier to influence selected ones of said contacts, and mechanism associated with said backing material supply to influence selected ones of" said con tacts, each of said mechanisms being arranged to respond to a failure of the correct functioning of its associate so as to arrest said stitching means and said work carrier;

, 13. A book-binding, machine comprising, in combination, means for inserting at least one stitch in the folded edge of a folded sheet, a thread supply for said stitching machine, a pivotal work carrier arranged to receive a folded sheet placed straddlewise thereon, .means for driving said machine to impart operative movement to said work carrier and to said stitching means so that the sheet carried by said carrier is presentedto said stitching machine and attached to the previously stitched sheet by stitches inserted in the folded edgesthereof, an electrically operated warning device, circuit make and break-contacts incorporated in the circuit of said warning device, and mechanism associated with said work carrier'to influence said contacts, said mechanism being arranged to respond to a failure of the correct functioning of its associate to operate said warning device, and means for periodically rendering ineffective said warning device. i

14. A book-binding machine comprising, in combination, means for inserting at least one stitch in the folded edge of a folded sheet, a thread supply for said stitching machine, a'pivotal work carrier arranged to receive a folded sheet placed straddlewise thereon, means for driving said machine to impart operative movement to said work carrier and to said stitching means so that the sheet carried by said carrier ispresent'ed to .said stitching machine and attached to the previously stitched sheet by stitches inserted in the folded edges thereof, an electrically operated warning device, circuit make and its associate to operate said warning device, and

means for periodically rendering ineffective said warning device. r a p 15. A book-binding device comprising, in combinatiohya machine drive, an"electrically operated controlling device arranged to control said machine drive, stitching means, a source of ,thread supply for said stitching means, a pivotal work carrier arranged to present work to said stitching means, a source of backing material supply, circuit make and break contacts incorporated in the circuit of said controlling device, mechanism associatedwith said thread supply to influence selected ones of said contacts, mechanism associated with said work carrier to in-, fluence selected ones of said contacts, and mechanism associated with said backing material supplygtoinfluence selected ones-of said contacts, each of. said mechanisms being arranged to re-' spond to a failure of the correct functioning of its associateto arrest said machine drive.; 16; Ina book-binding machine, the combination set forth in claim 15, and means for periodically rendering ineflective said controlling device.

17. A book-binding machine comprising, in combination, a machine drive, stitching means, a source of thread supply for said stitching .means, a pivotal work carrier arrangedto pre- ,sent work to said stitching means, a source of backing material supply, an electrically operated warning device, circuit make and break contacts incorporated in the circuit of said warning device, mechanism associated with said thread supply to influence selected ones of said contacts, mechanism associated with said work carrier to influence selected ones of said contacts, mechanism associated with said backing material" supply to influence selected ones of said contacts, each of said mechanisms being arranged to respond to a failure of the correct functioning of its associate to operate said warning device, and means for periodically rendering ineiiectlve said warning device.

18. In a book-binding machine, the combina tion set forth in claim 9, and a warning device operable by any of the contact influencing mechanisnns.

19. In a book-binding machine, the combination set forth in claim 9, and means for intermittently rendering ineffective the controlling device.

20. In a. book-binding machine, the combination set forth in claim 9, including means for intermittently rendering ineflective the controlling device, and a timing device actuated by the driving means to operate said first means.

21. A book-binding machine as set forth in claim 9, and means for automatically feeding the work to the work carrier.

22. A book-binding machine including, in combination, means for inserting at least one stitch in the folded edge of a folded sheet, a thread supply for said stitching machine, a pivotal work carrier arranged to receive a folded sheet placed straddlewise thereon, means for driving said machine to impart operative movement to said work carrier and to said stitching means so that the sheet carried by said carrier is presented to said stitching machine and attached to the previously stitched sheet by stitches inserted in the'folded edges thereof, an electrical circuit for controlling said driving means, a manually operated starting switch, a. fault-detecting device, comprising electric circuit make and break contacts, a motor control relay having a normally closed energizing circuit completed by way of said manually operated switch at starting, and held energized during operation of said machine, a circuit in series with said fault-detecting device, means for causing said last-mentioned device to operate and open said circuit and arrest said machine when a failure occurs in a step of the book-binding operation, and means for intermittently rendering inefiec= tive the fault-detecting device.

23. A book-binding machine including, in combination, means for inserting at least one stitch in the folded edge of a folded sheet, a thread supply for said stitching machine, a pivotal work carrier arranged to receive a folded sheet placed straddlewise thereon, means for driving said machine to impart operative movement to said work carrier and to said stitching means so that the sheet carried by said carrier is presented to said stitching machine and attached to the previously stitched sheet by stitchesinserted in the folded edges thereof, an electrical circuit for controlling said driving means, a manually operated starting switch, at least tWO aoeacas fault-detecting devices, each comprising electric circuit make and break contacts, a motor control relay having a normally closed energizing circuit completed by way of said manually operated switch at starting, and held energized during operation of the said machine by way of a circuit containing said fault-detecting devices all arranged in a series circuit, means for causing at least one of said fault-detecting devices to operate and open said circuit and arrest said machine when a failure occurs in a step of the book-binding operation, and means for intermittently rendering ineffective at least one of the faint-detectdevices.

24. A book-binding machine including, in combination, means for inserting at least one stitch in the folded edge of a folded ShGBfi,'-t thread supply for said stitching machine, a pivotal Work carrier arranged to receive a folded sheet placed straddlewise thereon, means for driving said machine to impart operative movement to said work carrier and to said stitching means so that the sheet carried by said carrier is presented to said stitching machine and attached to the previously stitched sheet by stitches inserted in the folded edges thereof, an electrical circuit for controlling said driving means, a manually operated starting switcla a fault-detecting device, com prising electric circuit make and break contacts, a. motor control relay having a normally closed energizing circuit completed by way of said manually operated switch at starting, and held energized during operation oi said machine, a circuit in series with said fault-detecting device, means for causing said last-mentioned device to operate and open said circuit and arrest said machine when a failure occurs in a step of the book-binding operation, means for intermittently rendering ineffective the fault detecting device, and a timing device actuated from the machine drive to operate said last-recited means.

25. A book-binding machine includlng,.in combination, stitching means, a pivotal work carrier adapted to present the work to said stitching means, means for feeding the work to said carrier, a machine drive, an electrical circuit for controlling said machine drive, a manually operated starting switch, at least two fault-detecting devices, each comprising electric circuit make and break contacts, a motor control relay having a normally closed energizing circuit completed by way of said manually operated switch at starting, and held energized during operation of the said machine by way of a circuit containing said fault-detecting devices all arranged in a series circuit, means for causing at least one of said fault-detecting devices to operate and open said circuit and arrest said machine when a failure occurs in a step of the hock-binding er ation, means for intermittently rende effective at least one of the Zault-detec a; vices, and a timing device actuated from u chine drive to operate said lwt recited m as,

26. A book-binding machine including, in combination, means for inserting at least one in the folded edge of a folded sheet, a tlfzead supply for, said stitching machine, a pivotal "wort: carrier arranged to receive a folded sheet placed straddlewise thereon, means for driving said machine to impart operative movement t0 said work carrier and to said stitching means so that the sheet carried by said carrier is presented said stitching machine and attached to the pre viouslystitched sheet by stitches inserted in the folded edges thereof, an electrically operated controlling device arranged automatically to control the actuation of the driving means for said stitching means and said work carrier, electrical circuit make and break contacts incorporated in the circuit of said controlling device, mechanism associated with said thread supply to influence selected ones of said contacts, mechanism associated with said work carrier to infiuence selected ones of said contacts, each of said work carrier, and meansfor automatically 5 feeding the work to the work carrier.

' OSCAR KLEINSCHMIT.

OTTO KELLERMANN.

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