US2049487A - Fluid distributing and delivery control means - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 4, 1936. BEEH 2,049,487

FLUID DISTRIDUTING AND DELIVERY CONTROL MEANS Filed Nov. 18, 195:2 s sheets-sheet 1 Q34, @LM

ATTORN EY L. lalala-H` Filed No'v. 18, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ac//S 5662/7 BY QM A @ad ATTORNEY FLUID DISTRIBUTING AND DELIvERY CONTROL MEANS Aug. 4, 1936-. f L. BEEH 2,049,487

FLUID DISTRIBUTI'NG vAND DELIVERY CONTROL MEANS I Filed Nov. 18, 1952 5 sheets-sheet 3 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 4, 1936 FLUID DISTRIBUTING AND DELIVERY CONTROL MEANS Louis Beeh, Longmeadow, Mass.,

assigner to United American Bosch Corporation, Springfield, Mass., a corporation of New York Application November 18, 1932, Serial No. 643,136 5 claims. (c1. 137-145) This invention relates to improvements in supply systems and particularly to fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines.

An object of the invention is to provide a compact system of unitary construction, easy to install, efficient and accurate in operation and inexpensive to produce.

It has heretofore been customary in building the so-called rail type of fuel injection pump, to make the pump cylinder, the receiving tank or reservoir into which the cylinder delivers and the valves and cams, in the form of separate units and to install them at various places on the engine. With my invention, however, these parts constitute a single apparatus of relatively small size and having a single main operating shaft. A pump according to my invention can therefore be morereadily set up and operatively connected and it can be likewise adapted to suit engines of various sizes.

The nature and objects of the invention are set` forth at length in the ensuing description and the novel features are pointed out in the appended claims, but the disclosure is explanatory only and alterations in various details may be made without departing from the principle or essential structure of the invention.

On the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side view partly in section of a pum according to this invention;

Fig. 2y is a cross section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views of tanks or reservoirs into which the pump delivers;

Fig. 5 presents a modification showing an operating detail; and

Fig. 6 is a. longitudinal sectional View of another type of pump according to my invention.

On the drawings the same numerals identify the same parts throughout.

In practical form the pump comprises a casing or housing I, suitably shaped to receive and mount a barrel or cylinder 2 in which reciprocates a. plunger or piston 3. At 4 is indicated thel fuel supply pipe, which connects by way of a duct 5 in the casingl with a chamber 6 surrounding the barrel 2, this chamber communicating with the interior of the barrel through 'an inlet port 1. The supply pipe 4 is secured to the casing I by gland 8, and the barrel 2 has an outlet port 9 through which the fuel is discharged by'the plunger 3. Both. ends of the barrel 2 are ppen and one end is closed by a head I0 in which the port 9 is provided and this head III is held in place by a cap II which fits over the head and has screw threaded engagement with av suitable bore in the casing l. The outlet port 9 is controlled by a. ball valve I2 which seats in the outer end of this port and this valve is normally held 5 closed by a spring I3 in a recess in the cap II. The cap has a passage extending through it communicating with a conduit I4 secured to the cap at one end and at the other to a delivery tank I5 in which fuel is received under pressure and from 10 which it is taken to supply the cylinders of the engine equipped with this pump.

'I'he main operating shaft is shown at I5 mounted to rotate in the lower part of the casing I. The barrel 2 is rigidly mounted with l5 respect to the shaft I 5 and its adjacent end is open so that the plunger 3 can project therefrom. The projecting end of this plunger is suitably attached to a tappet or head Il carrying a roller I8 which runs in contact with a cam I9 on the 20 shaft I6. Ball bearings for the shaft on the casing l are shown at 20. A spring 2| surrounding the barrel or cylinder 2 and disposed in a suit-4 able cavity in the casingv I seats against the top of this cavity at one end and against the tappet 25 I 'I at the other and tends to move the plunger 3 downward, thus holding the roller I8 in constant engagement with the cam I9. A flange ring 22 at the top of this cavity surrounding the cylinder 2 provides a seat for the upper end of this spring. 30

One end of the tank I5 remote from the barrel 2 is provided with a counterbored opening whichreceives a plug4 23 with a perforation 24 which is closed by a ball valve 25 in a recess of a cap 26 which is screwed into place over the plug 23. A 35 spring l21 in this cap holds the ball against its seat and the cap is provided with a duct or passage therethrough which communicates with a conduit 28 secured to this cap. 'I'he purpose of the port 2li and valve 25 is to by-pass the fuel through the conduit 28 back to the supply tank connected to the pipe 4 whenever the' pressure in the tank or reservoir I5 becomes great enough to force the valve 25 open.

' The inner end of the drive shaft I 6 is coupled to shaft 29 vsuitably mounted in the casing I and carrying cams 30, at separated points along the length thereof. The casing I is hollow in this part and above the shaft 29 mounted to reciprocate in a suitable bore 32 in the bottom of the reservoir I5 are metering valves 3| arranged in line with each other and extending transversely of the reservoir I5 and shafts I6 and 29. These valves, have a coil spring 33between their adjacent ends, this spring tending to force these valves to u cating with the bore 32 at points adjacent the l inner ends of the plugs 35 and these outlet ports 38 lead to conduits39 which are united to the separate cylinders of the engine. Hence when the valves 3| are opened, fuel can flow from the reservoir I5 to the distributor conduits 39 by way of the passages 31, 36, 34, 32 and 38.

Above'the shaft 29 are parallel shafts 4I! carrying operating arms 4| and having forked upper ends 42 but'engaging opposed shoulders in the sides of the valves 3|. The arms 4| are mounted on eccentrics 43 carried by the shafts 40; and these shafts are also provided with fixed gears 44. One of the shafts projects to the outside of the casing I and carries an arm 45. Hence by turning the arm 45 the gears are operated and the eccentrics 43 are turned to adjust the point of support of the arms 4|. At their lower ends these arms are engaged by the cams 30 and operated so as to operate the valves 3| against the spring 33. There are two arms 4| for each cam 30 and as many arms 4| as there are engine cylinders. The cams 38 are angularly disposed on the shaft 29 and the cycle is of course such that one arm 4| will be caused to open its associated valve 3| every time one of the cylinders of the engine is in condition that fuel is to be admitted.

Normally the fuel is delivered into the pressure reservoir i5 and would be at sufficient pressure at all times to flow out of the distributor conduits 39 when the valves 3| are opened. But to insure enough pressure in this reservoir under all con ditions I may employ the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4. In Fig. 3 the reservoir comprises a shell 46 having one end permanently closed and the other closed by a head 41 screwed into place and having a cylindrical extension 48 which grips between its inner end and a shoulder 49 in this casing the edge of an expansible 4.diaphragm 50 of suitable material. This diaphragm may have the form of a corrugated tube closed at one end and open at the other, and secured against the shoulder 49; and between this closed end and the head 41 is a spring 5| seating against the closed end and surrounding a protuberance 52 on the inside of the head 41. When this reservoir or chamber is filled with fuel the corrugated tube 50 will expand and as the pressure inside ofthe chamber drops, the spring 5| will partially collapse the corrugated tube 50. Thus the pressure in the reservoir 46 will be maintained substantially constant.

In Fig. 4 the extension 48 grips between its lnner end and a shoulder 49 a ring 53 having a surrounding ilange 54. In'this ring is secured one end of an expansible corrugated tubular element 55 having its opposite end ailixed to a plunger 56. This plunger comprises a hollow head 51 between which and the head 41 is a coil spring 58 seating in a recess 59 at one end and surrounding a boss 60 in the plunger 56 at the other. plunger has a rim 5| surrounding the central portion 51 to which the element 55 is attached and the ring 53 and rim 5| have inside grooves correspending to the corrugations of the element 55 as shown at 62. Between ring 53 and shoulder 49 This.

is a gasket 63. The shell has an opening 64 to which the pipe I4 may be connected and an opening 65 to which the relief pipe 28 may be joined. This'shell 46 also has a passage 66v which extends for the most part lengthwise of the shell communicating at one end with the interior and connected by suitable passages to parts controlled by the valves 3|. In this reservoir also pressure will expand the element 55 against the spring 56, and when pressure drops, the spring 58 will cause the element 55 to contract and maintain the pressure in the reservoir.

It will be understood that a corrugated tube, such as shown at 50, or a similar element, such as shown at 55, in Figs. 3 and 4, can readily be mounted in the reservoir chamber I5 merely by making the chamber I5 long enough to provide sufllcient room within it at the end adjacent the barrel 2.

In Fig. 5 the arm 4I is shown as made of two sections 61 and 68, both pivotally mounted o-n the supporting shaft 40. The arm 61 engages one of the valves 3| and the arm 68 is actuated by the cam 36. The arm 61 carries an adjusting screw 59 which abuts the arm 68 and by this screw the operation of the valves 3l can be regulated.

The casing I is recessed, as shown in Fig. 2, below the valves 3| to enable the arms 4| to connect therewith.

In the foregoing description the valves 3| are above the shaft 29 and extend transversely. Fig. 6 shows a construction in which the valves can be arranged radially around this shaft. With this arrangement it is possible to effect operation of all the valves with a single cam instead of a number of cams shown and described above as 30.

In Fig. 6 the casing I mounts a cylinder or barrel 2' in which reciprocates a plunger 3'. A threaded socket 4' in the casing provides for the connection of the fuel supply pipe which delivers through a duct 5' to the inlet port 1. The outlet port for each barrel or cylinder is shown at 9' in a head I0 for the barrel 2', this headiil being held in place by -a cap which is screwed into a threaded opening at the top of the casing over the head i0 and has in a recess therein `a spring I3 to hold the outlet valve I2 closed. The barrel 2' discharges through a port I4' into a pressure reservoir I5' at the top of the casing. This reservoir has a discharge-port 31' in the bottom controlled by a valve 3|' having a cone-shaped end. The outlet port 31' leads to a cavity 34 communicating with a threaded opening 38' in which the distributor conduits 39 will be aillxed. The valve 3|' will be .actuated as before by an arm 4|' mounted on a pivot 43', the end of this arm being forked to engage shoulders on the valve 3|'. 'I'he end of the valve remote from the opening 31' is enlarged and has the form of a plunger head 61' which abuts a spring 33 in a recess 68' in the casing I'. which mounts the pivot 43,. Below the barrel 2' and plunger 3 is a main shaft I6 having a cam I9 and carrying a cam 30 which engages a ring 19 mounted anti-frictionally on the outer end of the lever or arm 4|'. The cam 30' is secured to a sliding. plunger 1| in an axial bore in the shaft I6' and is connectedthereto by a pin 12 which can slide in a straight slot 13 in the side of the shaft I6. A Bowden wire 14 is attached to the plunger 1| and shifts the plunger to move it axially along the shaft I6'. The circumference of the cam 30' is such that the timing of the valves 3|' is thereby changed. The cap II has a cir- This casing has a projection 69' cumferential groove 15 adjacent the port I4' and 75 ports 16 connect these grooves to the recess i8 so that whenever the valves I2' open, fuel is transferred by the pump into the reservoir l5'.

With this construction only a single cam Il is necessary and there will be as many valves 8|' and arms 4i' mounted in the casing I in radial position around the main shaft as there are cylinders to which fuel must be furnished. A spring 2|' as before keeps the plunger in contact with eccentric i9.

Of course while the construction above described may be used to supply fuel, I may also employ it for other purposes.

It is understood of course that the pump shown in Fig. 6 may include several valves, such as the valve shown at 3|', all in radial position with respect to the shaft Il'; but in any case only a single cam 30' will be needed. The barrel and plunger may be in one transverse plane, that is a plane at right angles to the axis of the main shaft. For an engine having a large number of cylinders the valves 3| may ,be arranged all around the shaft. For a pluralitybf such valves 3|' the reservoir I5' will be curved and will likewise lie in a plane transverse to the axis of the shaft, said plane containing the valves 3 I When the valves 3l extend all around this shaft the reservoir will have theform of a chamber that is annular and will deliver to one of the distributor conduits 39 whenever one of the valves is open.

Having described the invention, what is claimed l. A control device for a fluid distributing system including a source of supply, valves controlling the distribution of fluid from said source, arms to actuate the valves, said arms being arranged in pairs, means for mounting the arms to enable them to be adjusted in unison, and

means between each pair of arms to operate the same.

2. A control device for a fluid distributing system including a housing connected to a source of supply, a pair of oppositely disposed needle valves, said valves opening in the direction of flow from said source, actuating mechanism for said valves comprising parallel shafts, levers pivotally mounted on said shafts engaging said 5 valves, means to adjust said levers through rotation of said shafts and a cam shaft between said levers for actuating the same.

3. l.Il control device for a fluid distributing system including a housingconnected to a source of l0 supply, a pair of oppositely disposed needle valves, said valves opening in the direction of flow from said source, actuating mechanism for said valves comprising lparallel shafts, levers pivotally mounted on said shafts engaging said valves, and l5 a cam shaft positioned below said parallel shafts and between the lower end of said levers for actuating the same.

4. A control device for a fluid distributing system including a housing connected to a source of supply, a pair of opposltely'disposed needle valves, said valves opening in the direction of flow from said source, actuating mechanism for said valves comprising parallel shafts, levers pivotally mounted on said shafts engaging said valves, and a cam shaft positioned below said parallel shafts and between the lower ends of said levers for actuating the same, said levers being mounted upon eccentrics on said parallel shafts and said shafts being geared together for simultaneous adjustment.

5. A control device for a fluid distributing system including a housing connected to a source of supply, a cam shaft within said housing, a needle valve reciprocative in a bore in said housing, a plug closing said bore and providing a seat for said valve, said valve opening in the direction of the iiow of fluid from said source, a lever also enclosed by said housing and disposed between said cam shaft and said valve, and mean's pro- 40 Jecting externally of said housing for adjusting the lift of said valve.

LOUIS BEEH.

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