US2049428A - Tile mounting - Google Patents

Description

E. S. DENK TILE MOUNTING Aug. 4, 1936.

2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 6, 1950 U Uri. Hindu-Hana E. s. DENK v TILE MOUNTING Aug. 4, 1936.

2 Sheets-Sheet v2 Filed Jan. 6, 1930 fiuemlzf iii/ii dizz /Z WM My d 5 FM? Patented Aug. 4, 1936 PATENT OFFICE TILE MOUNTING Emil S. Denk, Villa Park, Ill., minor to Porcelain Tile Corporation, a corporation of Delae ware Application January 6, 1930, Serial No. 418,706

1 Claim.

The inventionrelates to tile mountings and has particular reference to the mounting of tile elements such as are stamped from a blank sheet of metal upon an appropriate support, as for example, insulation board or beaver board.

Heretoi'ore the greatest objection encountered in the tiling of surfaces, such as floors, walls,

etc., has been the excessive cost of labor necessary for laying the tiles in proportion to the cost of the material used. The actual embedding of the tiles in a freshly poured cement surface, the aligning of the tiles with each other and the spacing of them so that the tiled surface as a whole presents a neat appearance, is

. area which will necessarily reduce the labor cost in tiling the same to a minimum.

Another object of the invention is to provide supporting surfaces having means for mounting tile elements thereon, which will automatically space the elements with relation to each, other and the edges of the supporting surface, which surfaces can be suitably secured one abutting the other, to a wall or floor, thus producing a neatly tiled area.

Yet another object is to provide supporting surfaces having means for mounting tile elements thereon, preferably of the type stamped from a blank sheet of metal, which surfaces will be suitable for tiling any given area without the use of skilled labor, and which will be of low cost in construction and adapted to meet the commercial needs of the trade.

With these and various other objects in view, the invention may consist of certain novel features of construction and operation, as will be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the specification, drawings and claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, which illustrate an embodiment of the device and wherein like reference characters are used to designate like parts- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a section of insulation board having tiles mounted thereon.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2, of Figure 1, showing means for mounting the tiles to the board.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a tile element such as are stamped from a blank sheet of metal.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a square section of board with the tiles mounted thereon.

Figure 5 is a bottom view showing the attaching means for the tiles in secured position.

Figure 6 is a plan view showing the manner of 5 laying the sections of board having the tiles mounted thereon.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a section of expanded metal, showing tile, elements mounted thereon.

Figure 8 is a bottom view, showing the manner of attaching the tile elements to the metal surface.

Figure 9 is a perspective view, showing the manner of securing the expanded metal sections to a supporting wall.

Figure 10 is a perspective view, showing the manner of securing the sections of insulation board to a supporting wall.

The supporting surfaces for the various tile elements are preferably oi insulation board, which finds extensive application in various building constructions and which consists principally of asbestos, wood or cane fiber united together with suitable adhesives. The board may be of any appropriate size, but preferably of a square section of a size large enoughto allow aplurality of tile elements to be mounted thereon. The invention, it is to be understood, is not necessarily limited to the use of any special size of tile, since for some work a fairly large size tile may be needed, which would require a fairlu large section of board for the purposes of the present invention, while for another character of tiling work, a smaller size of tile and correspondingly smaller section of board could be used. This latter size is preferable when the sections are to be cemented to their supporting surfaces or foundation sheet.

" Referring to Figure 1, the section of insulation board i0 shown is provided with openings l2, located in spaced relation which is determined by the size of the tile to be secured thereto. The openings are in turn provided with a counter-sunk portion it on the rear side of the board, the purpose of which will be presently described. This side of the board as shown in Figure 4 is also provided with a longitudinally extending slot i8, dovetail in shape, which serves hardened holds it in set position. The plaster or cement in its wet condition also works into the dove-tail recess l8 and forms an interlock after it has hardened, to help maintain the board in place.

The tile elements i8 as shown in Figure 3 are formed preferably by being stamped from a. sheet of metal and comprise a flat face, having side portions or marginal flanges 20 provided with tangs 22. In securing the tiles to the supporting boards 10, the tangs are inserted in openings i2 which have been properly spaced so as to receive them, the tangs being then bent inward as shown in Figure 5, thus securely locking the tiles in place. For certain character of tiling work a small section of insulation board, having four tiles secured in spaced relation as shown in Figure 4, is very desirable. The invention, however, equally lends itself to the use of a larger tile and correspondingly larger sections of board, such as is illustrated in Figure 1.

When the panels are laid by being applied to a cement or plaster surface, it is only necessary to see that each panel is inabutting relation with the other panel or panels. The proper spacing arrangement of the tiles upon the board is accomplished by proper location of the openings l2 and this spacing is carried out when the panels are located adjacent each other, by making the distance from the edges of the board to the tile elements Just one-half the full tile spacing. As shown in Figure 6, the various panels, are embedded in mortar or plaster 24 so that all panels are in close abutting relation. In finishing off the tiling work some of the plaster or mortar is spread between the tiles to conceal the openings in, and the abutting edges of, the

4 panels. This is generally known as pointing up,

the result of which is to give to the various panels the appearance of individually laid tiles.

The larger panels as shown in Figure 1 are preferably used in tiling a wall and for this reason the dove-tail slot is omitted. The usual structure in buildings and upon which the panels are to be secured comprises a series of upright members 26, generally known as studding, which members are properly spaced from each other and have nailed or otherwise secured to them furring strips 28, which are disposed in horizontal relation and at right angles to the uprights. In tiling such an area as presented by the furring strips, the tiled panels are secured to the strips by small headed nails, which are pneferably located at the intersections of the grooves which separate the various tile elements. The panels are then pointed up with mortar or the like to conceal the nails and the surface appearance of the board.

In order to form an interlock for the mortar in the grooves, the edges of the tile elements between the tangs 22 are formed with notches 30 so as to present a saw-tooth edge, which, when the elements are secured to the board, presents a plurality of small openings between the surface of the board and the edges of the tile elements. When the mortar is spread between the grooves, portions of the same will work its way into the openings presented and thus when hardened form an interlock firmly securing the mortar in place.

Referring more particularly to Figures '7 and 8, an alternative form of tiled panel is disclosed, comprising a supporting medium or foundation sheet of expanded metal lath 32, which presents a plurality of openings as shown. The tile elements 18 are properly spaced over the surface presented by a section of metal lath and secured in place by bending of the tangs 22 so as to interlock with the mesh of the metal. In this manner the tile elements are held in place upon the surface and also properly spaced with relation to each other and the edges of the metal lath.

Heretofore the enameling of the tiles has been accomplished by subjecting each tile individually to a dipping and firing process, which consists in first cleaning the surface of the tile and then dipping the same to coat the surface with what is known as a ground coat of enamel. This ground coat is then fired by subjecting the tile to a high temperature, which serves to fuse the enamel with the metal surface of the tile. On top of this ground coat is spread the enamel colors of various blends, which are then fired so as to secure the same to the ground coat, thus resulting in an enamel tile of various contrasting blends.

The tiled metal surfaces as disclosed in Figure 7 give rise to an improved method for enameling the tiles, which materially reduces the labor and time required heretofore in handling each tile individually. The foundation sheets of expanded metal are adapted to have the tile elements secured thereto before the elements have been enameled. When enameling is accomplished first, the bending of the tangs 22 in securing the tiles to the foundation sheet results to a certain extent in the enamel coat chipping off. With the tile elements in place upon the metal, the panel as a whole is dipped to clean the surfaces of each tile, the sections being then dipped for applying the ground coat to each tile and then fired as a unit. The ground coat is then fused to the tiles, as well as to the portions of the metal surface, which serves to protect the same from rust. The various other steps in the enameling process can likewise be carried out upon the section of tiled metal as a unit, thus materially reducing the labor and time incident to handling each tile individually. It is seen that this method results in producing a tiled panel having tiles properly spaced and which panel is ready for immediate use in tiling a wall, or which can be stored in convenient form until such time as it can be used.

In securing the sections of expanded metal to a supporting wall, the same system is carried out as was explained in connection with the insulation boards I ii. The sections are secured by nailing them to the wooden strips 28, the nails being preferably located in the intersections of the grooves. Pointing up of the complete tiled surface is accomplished as previously explained so that a wall or other area presents an appearance similar to one tiled with individually laid tiles.

Comparing the invention herein disclosed with the system of tiling shown in the Haines Patents Nos. 1,594,614 and 1,704,537, it may be pointed out that the method disclosed by Haines is particularly advantageous in tiling relatively small surfaces of irregular form or which are interrupted by openings or projections, whereas the method herein shown finds its greatest usefulness in the tiling of comparatively large continuous surfaces, such as are often found in corridors, subway and tunnel walls, and similar situations, and in the tiling of a large number of surfaces of like size 7 t and shape, The method described in the Haines patents is the application of a foundation sheet I or a plurality of foundation sheets to the surface to be tiled and the subsequent application to the foundation sheets of porcelain-enameled sheetmetal tiles. While the Haines method is a great advance over the age-old system consisting in setting ceramic tiles on a plaster or mortar surface, the present method registers another advance in that it makes possible the assembly of the foundation sheets and the tiles in a factory under mass production methods and thus reduces to a minimum the amount of handwork required to be done in the building, subway or other place to be tiled. a

/ It will be seen that I have disclosed a preformed tiled panel constituting an article of manufacture as distinguished from a tiled surface constructed in situ.

I claim:

An article of manufacture consisting of a preformed tiled panel comprising a foundation sheet having openings therein, and a multiplicity of porcelain-enameled sheet-metal tiles each having marginal flanges and tangs on the flanges extending through said openings and clenched to secure the tiles to said sheet with said flanges bearing against the sheet, the tiles being spaced apart to provide grooves to receive pointing material.

mm s. DENK.

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