US204788A - Improvement in processes for tempering steel - Google Patents
Improvement in processes for tempering steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US204788A US204788A US204788DA US204788A US 204788 A US204788 A US 204788A US 204788D A US204788D A US 204788DA US 204788 A US204788 A US 204788A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- bath
- improvement
- processes
- tempering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 24
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000002799 Prunus avium Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/44—Methods of heating in heat-treatment baths
- C21D1/46—Salt baths
Definitions
- the process consists, generally stated, in hardening and tempering steel at one operation by means of a metal bath, as hereinafter described.
- the process is applied to steel forgin gs, such as springs and cutting and other tools, but is particularly suitable and efficacious in the case of the former-to wit, springs.
- the temperature of the metal bath may be determined and regulated by means of any suitable instrument; but I find that in practice none is requisite, since the judgment of the workman enables him to readily ascertain the temperature.
- the temperature of the bath in fact, requires to be the same as in the usual process of hardening metals preparatory to drawing the temper, or softening them by subsequent application of heat.
- I am aware steel has been hardened and tempered at once by heating it and plunging it into a bath of water or oil; and, furthermore, that metal baths, both lead and tin, and their alloys, have been used as hardeningbaths previously to tempering and as tempering-baths subsequent to hardening.
- What I claim as my invention is- The process of hardening and tempering steel at one operation, which consists in heating it to the degree required for hardening by ordinary methods, and immersing it while so heated in a molten-metal bath, and retaining it therein, substantially as set forth.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFEIo GEORGE BANISTER, or COLUMBUS, OHIO.
IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESSES FOR TEMPERING STEEL.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 204,788, dated June 11, 1878 application filed February 15, 1878.
To all whom "it may concern:
Be it known that I, GEORGE BANISTER, of the city of Columbus, county of Franklin, and State of Ohio, have discovered and invented a new and useful Process for Tempering Steel, which process is fully set forth in the following specification:
The process consists, generally stated, in hardening and tempering steel at one operation by means of a metal bath, as hereinafter described.
The process is applied to steel forgin gs, such as springs and cutting and other tools, but is particularly suitable and efficacious in the case of the former-to wit, springs.
In practicing my process, I first heat the springs or tools to a cherry red, and then immerse them in a metal bathnamely, a bath of melted lead and tin-and allow them to remain therein for a short time. It matters not if they remain a long timesay several hourssince the effect is the same as it would be if they remain a short time-say a few seconds. It is only necessary that they shall not, in most cases at least, be instantly withdrawn from the bath.
Springs for various uses require a lower temper than most, if not all, other articles, and edge-tools require a comparatively high one. To harden and temper springs, the bath of melted tin and lead must have a high degree of heat; but for edge-tools the bath requires to be heated to a less degree, the principle being that the lower the temper the higher the heat required, and, vice versa, the higher the temperature the lower must be the temper.
The temperature of the metal bath may be determined and regulated by means of any suitable instrument; but I find that in practice none is requisite, since the judgment of the workman enables him to readily ascertain the temperature. The temperature of the bath, in fact, requires to be the same as in the usual process of hardening metals preparatory to drawing the temper, or softening them by subsequent application of heat.
I am aware steel has been hardened and tempered at once by heating it and plunging it into a bath of water or oil; and, furthermore, that metal baths, both lead and tin, and their alloys, have been used as hardeningbaths previously to tempering and as tempering-baths subsequent to hardening.
The advantages I claim for my invention are: First, it will impart to steel implements a more uniform and better temper; second, it saves the loss now occasioned by steel implements warping and cracking in the process of hardening third, steel tempered by this process, after it leaves the metal bath, is more pliable, and any defects in shape can be more easily corrected, than in steel tempered by the old process; fourth, this process saves time and the expense of keeping up a bath for the purpose of hardening the steel before it is tempered.
What I claim as my invention is- The process of hardening and tempering steel at one operation, which consists in heating it to the degree required for hardening by ordinary methods, and immersing it while so heated in a molten-metal bath, and retaining it therein, substantially as set forth.
GEORGE BANISTER.
Witnesses:
WILLIE H. TULLER, ANDREW L. RALSTON.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US204788A true US204788A (en) | 1878-06-11 |
Family
ID=2274192
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US204788D Expired - Lifetime US204788A (en) | Improvement in processes for tempering steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US204788A (en) |
-
0
- US US204788D patent/US204788A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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