US2046300A - Device for administering volatile liquid anesthetics - Google Patents

Description

June 30, 1936. 1 1 BENNER 2,046,300 y DEVICE FOR ADMINISTERING VOLATILE LIQUID ANESTHETICS Filed Jan. 17, 1935 ATTORNEYS Patented June 30, 1936 UNITED STATES www PATENT oFFicE 4 DEVICE FOR ADMINISTERING VOLATILE LIQUID ANESTHETICS .James J. Benner, Maple Heights, hio, assignor to The Gebauer Chemical Company. Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application January 17, 1935, Serial No. 2,242 '12 claims. (ci. las-iss) a. receptacle of this kind which is capable of use for general or local anesthesia. Where it is desired to use the receptacle for local anesthesia, it is adapted to deliver the liquid in the form of a spray or in a jet stream; whereas, when it is desired to employ the receptacle for general anesthesia, it is adapted to deliver the liquid drop by drop or in a jet stream. As is common in dispensing liquids having low boiling points, the delivery of the anesthetic in any one of the three forms mentioned is dependent upon the pressure of the vapor generated from the liquid.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of this character which will be simple in construction, economical of production, safe in operation, and not liable to get out of order.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of this character which will render unauthorized re-iilling diiicult.

More limited objects are to provide for maintaining the parts in proper sealing relation without sacrificing the extreme simplicity of construction and to provide novel means for holding the parts in assembled relation.

Other and more specific objects will become apparent from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is an elevation of a dispensing receptacle embodying the invention and Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section showing the details of construction modified to indicate a screw cap instead of the crimped cap of Fig. 1.

'I'he numeral I0 indicates a receptacle of any suitable construction', which may be a prescription bottle having an upwardly extending neck, the inner surface of which preferably flares outwardly slightly as indicated at I I. Received in the upper end of the neck of the bottle I0 is a stopper I2 which may be composed of cork or other suitable material. The stopper I2 is provided with a central bore I3 which, when the-stopper is made of yieldable material, such as cork, will have its upper portion flared slightly outwardly by the correspondingly ilared or outwardly tapered surface Ma of the dispensing nozzle I4. This nozzle has at its inner end a capillary passage I5 prefer- -ably having a diameter of from .002 to .003 inch and being much shorter than the cylindrical delivery portion IS, which is several times the diameter of the inlet portion. The two passages extend entirely through the nozzle Il and provide a through psage for dispensing theiliquid. The bottle III is lled to the desired height with the liquid and the stopper containingthe nome I 4 is pressed into place, after which a suitable sealing substance i1, such as cement, is added to insure a perfect seal between the stopper ad the bottle and between the stopper and the nozzle I4. The sealing substance il is preferably flexible.

A cap indicated generally by the numeral Il is now placed on the bottle. outer cap member I8 and an inner cap member Ish, the said members having their lower ends united, as shown at Is, the Yinner cap member being provided with an internal thread 2II adapted This cap comprises an l0 to engage the complementary external thread Il l5 on the bottle neck; or the lower end of the cap may be crimped around the shoulder 2| on the bottle neck, as indicated at 22 in Fig. 1. The cap comprises also a central boss 23, preferably ot metal, which may be secured to the outer member I 8 by the engagement of the overlapping portion Iiid of the outer member with a slot 2l formed near the base of the boss. The boss has a downwardly extending annular projection 25 adapted to engage the stopper I2 thereby to hold the same in position with respect to the bottle neck. The boss extends upwardly from such projection to substantially the upper end of the nozzle and is provided with a bore 26 which is slightly tapered or frusta-conical toward the delivery portion thereof to engage the correspondingly tapered or frusto-conical outer surface Il of the nozzle whereby the boss serves to protect the nozzle against injury as well as to hold it against ontward motion by the pressure of the vapor. The nozzle I4 is preferably composed of glass, which renders the protection afforded by the boss 23 particularly desirable. The boss 23 has its upper extremity externally threaded as indicated at 2T and has a serrated outer surface below the threaded portion, as indicated at 28.

Received on the threaded portion 2'l is a f1tting 29 provided with suitable internal threads and carrying a set screw 30 adapted to engage the serrations to prevent rotation with respect to the boss 23 and consequent separation therefrom. The tting 29 is provided with anoVerhanging portion 3l adapted to receive the set screw 30 and carries a. pair of ears 32 between which is pivoted a lever 33 which is provided with a thumb piece 34 and which carries a suitable nozzle sealing element 35, preferably composed of rubber. A suitable spring 36 constantly urges the element 35 into closing relation to the outerv end of the nomle Il. By depressing the thumb piece 34, the 'element 35 can be moved entirely out of alignment with the passage I6 whereby to permit unobstructed spraying of liquid.

The nozzle Il shown herein is substantially identical with the nozzle shown in my application Serial No. l724,108, iiled May 5, 1934;

By holding the receptacle I in the hand, the liquid will be volatilized and, by depressing the kwill be delivered as a spray upon an object in close proximity to the delivery end of the nozzle as pointed out in my application aforesaid. However, itis desirable vto be able to use the same receptacle for the purpose of dispensing the liquid drop by drop for general anesthesia. For this purpose, I have provided the cap with a member ,adapted to be brought into and out lof register :with the delivery end of the nozzle for the purpose\ofl impeding the ilow of liquid and causing the same to be delivered drop by drop. 'I'his membenis preferably in the form of an L-shaped ,light metal plate which may be conveniently pivotally mounted by the shorter leg 31 upon the screw andthe longer leg 38 of this impedance member may then extend across the delivery end of the nozzle in clos'e proximity thereto whereby the flow of the liquid is impeded and it is caused -to be delivered drop by drop upon slight motion of the element 33 in opening direction. I prefer to provide this impedance member with means for automatically removing the same from the delivery end of the nozzle when not inv use. For this purpose, a spring 39 is provided having one end connected to the head-of the screw 30 and its opposite end connected to the short leg of the member. When in use, the impedance member is held ,in proper relation to the delivery end of the nozzle against the action of the spring by the pad 35 (it being of light weight metal) which is pressed thereagain-st by the spring 36.

By substituting for the form of nozzle shown khereinone having a capillary passage extending ,entirely therethrough, my device may be used for supplying the anesthetic either in the form of a jet stream o r by using the impedance device for the production of drops. By depressing the tthumb piece 3l, the pad will be disengaged from the leg 3B. The spring 39 will thereupon move the member 31, 38 to its non-obstructing or nonimpeding position.

Having thus described my invention, what I l claim is:

1. In combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid, said receptacle having a neck, a stopper for said neck having a bore extending therethrough, a nozzle received in said bore and extending above the top of said stopper, the portion of said nozzle received Within said stopper having a surface tapering outwardly toward theupper end of said stopper, the portion of said nozzle extending above said stopper being provided with an inwardly tapered surface, and a cap on the neck of said bottle and provided with means for holding said stopper in place and having an extension provided with a bore having an inwardly tapered portion for guiding the nozzle and limitof said nozzle.

2, In combination with a receptacle for `a volatile liquid, said receptacle having' a neck, an elongated stopper in said neck, said stopper being composed of a compressible material and having va. bore therethrough, a discharge nozzle tightly received in said bore and having a passage therethrough at least a portion of which isof capilylary size, a cap on said neck and provided with means for holding said stopper and said nozzle in place, and means carried by said capl for closing said nozzle, said means being movable from nozzle-closing position to a position out of alignment `with said nozzle.

3. Incombination with a receptacle fora volatile liquid, said receptacle having a neck, a stopper in said neck, said stopper being composed of compressible material and having a 'bore extending therethrough, a discharge nozzle tightly received in said bore and having a passage therethrough at least a portion of which is' of capillary size, a cap carried by said receptacle and provided with means for holding said stopper and said nozzle in place, and means carried by said cap for closing said nozzle, said means being movable from nozzle-closing position to a position out of alignmentwith said nozzle, said receptacle being provided with an abutment adjacent the top thereof and saidcap having a skirt por`- tion crimped around said abutment, whereby said cap cannot be removed without being destroyed.

4. In combination with a receptacle, for a volatile liquid, having a i'llling opening, a, stopper therefor provided with a bore extending therethrough, a nozzle in said bore,-said nozzle being tapered from an intermediate portion toward each-end, one of said tapered portions being received in said stopper whereby to resist downward movement with respect to said stopper, a cap carried by said receptacle and provided with an upwardly extending boss having a bore provided with a tapered portion corresponding to the upper tapered portion of said nozzle and adapted to receive the same and resist upward motion of said nozzle, a fitting received on the said boss, and a movable nozzle-closing element carried by said fitting, said element being movable from nozzle-closing position, to a` position out of alignmentwith the passage through said nozzle.

5. In combination with a bottle or the like, for a volatile liquid, having a filling opening, a stopper composed of compressible material and received in said opening, a nozzle extending through said stopper and having a capillary passage therein, sealing means sealing said stopper to said bottle and to said nozzle, and removable means for closing said capillary passage.

6. In combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid, a nozzle connected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, means movable into and out of engagement with the delivery end of said nozzle for closing the passage, and means additional to the iirstmentioned means and movable into and out of register with the delivery end of said passage for the purpose of impeding the flow of liquid therethrough and causing the sameto be delivered therefrom in drops.

7. In .combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid, a nozzle connected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, means movable into and out of engagement with the delivery end of said nozzle for closing the passage, a pivotally mounted impeding member adapted to be swung into and out of register with the delivery end of said passage thereby to nozzle, and an impeding device comprising an cause the liquid to be delivered therefrom indrops, and means for automatically moving the impeding member out -ot register with the delivery end oi said passage.

8. In combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid. a nozzle connected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, a boss surrounding the delivery end of said nozzle. a tting mounted on said boss, means carried by said iltting adapted to close the delivery end of the said passage and to be movedl out ot alignment with said passage, and animpeding member movably supported by said tting and having a portion thereof adapted to extend across the delivery end ot said passage, thereby to cause the liquid to be delivered therefrom in drops.

9. In combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid, a nozzle connected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, 'a boss surrounding the delivery end of said nozzle, a tting mounted on said boss, a lever pivoted to said boss and having a pad adapted to be brought into and out o! engagement with the delivery end of said nozzle, a spring tending to hold said pad in engagement with the delivery end of said L-shaped member, one of the legs of which device is adapted to be moved into obstructing position with relation to the delivery end of the nozzle, means pivotally supporting the other leg of said member, and a spring cooperating with the last mentioned leg and tending to move the mst-mentioned leg out of register with the delivery end oi said nozzle.

10. In combination with a receptacle i'or a volatile liquid, a nozzle connected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, a lever having a closure adapted to be brought into and out of engagement with the delivery end of said nozzle, a spring tending to hold said closure in engagement with the delivery end oi' said nozzle, and an impeding device comprising a member having'angularly disposed legs one of which is adapted to be moved into obstructing position with relation to the delivery end of the nomle, means pivotally supporting the other leg of said member, and a spring cooperating with the last mentioned leg and tending to move the mst-mentioned leg out oi' register with the des livery end of saidV nozzle.

11. In combination with a glass dispensing nozzle having an opening therethrough, at least a portion of which is of capillary size and which is not substantially greater than capillary size at the discharge end, agbottle having a neck of an interior diameter large as compared to the exterior diameter of said nozzle, means having a portion positively secured to the outside of said bottle neck for supporting said nozzle with re' 15 spect to said bottle and sealing s'aid bottle against escape ot uid except through said nozzle, said means including a sleeve surrounding a portion of said nozzle; holding the same against outward l motion with respect to said bottle and capable 20 of so holding said nozzle against a force at least three times. as great as that created by the vapor pressure of ethyl chloride Iat body temperature on an area equal to the maximum cross-sectional area of said nozzle, manually operable means rotatably carried by said ilrst means for preventing the escape of iiuid from said bottle and movable to a position out of the path of liquid discharging i'rom said nozzle to vpermit such escape, and means for holding said manually operable means in duid-escape preventing position against a force' as great as that of the vapor pressure oi.' ethyl chloride at body temperature exerted on an area equal to the cross section oi' said nozzle opening at the discharge end.

12. A device as dened in claim 11, wherein the said nozzle projects beyond adjacent portions of said sleeve and said manually operable means includes a closure element composed of deformable material adapted to engage the said 40'

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