US2046043A

US2046043A - Hot top lining

Info

Publication number: US2046043A
Application number: US749402A
Authority: US
Inventors: Walter W Urmetz
Original assignee: Ferro Engineering Co
Current assignee: Ferro Engineering Co
Priority date: 1934-10-22
Filing date: 1934-10-22
Publication date: 1936-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 1953-06-30

Description

Patented June 30, 1936 UNETED STATES PATENT OFFICE HOT TOP LINING corporation of Ohio Application October 22, 1934, Seriell No. 749,462

3 Claims.

ioliei" object the povision of e herein. the cubic un coment oi nie iiie easing f s e @binnen isiie bottoms 'iieie-y require less wnie'n musi 'regimes w' .l inc o ill ist listeniieiiy upon ill are elei'eienei of the lciioees si'iown 55 Fig. ie is e diegene pien View showing the difeience ln content at one corner only of the same hol; top when lined according to Figs. l to 6 inclusive, and when `lined according to '7 to 10 inclusive. Fig. l5 is e. 'perspective view looking in the direction of arrow l5, Fig. i4, showing the increase in velu e of e hot top at one corne? when the lining oi 'Tigs. l to inclusive is used..

Tile pie em; invention -nas to do Willi linings not ions of the type illustrated iington Patent ifi,4

El; f'eeluentiy importent capacity as possible for e f nop. f* present invention o fu..

e1 h molds 0in over A- e comers ci? -e no". iop. ly volume aise greetiy re oi' 'bile mol ily thus perron-c' inch o'" disience meielllic not on ce@ lower end this ce ng is provided e l iemei unen which the upper iii* ments ere suppored. The inner anni flow A faces o the ledge :ire covei'ed with a 2i oi refractory materiel, a new bottoni ring ing used for each heat. These ings ere attached. izo the casing by wire clips L53, es more partie uisirly described in Chairman Peteni; l,9i9,292. A wiper strip 26E' serves to close the cieeranee besize.

tween the hottop and the inner surface of the mold, such vwiper strips beiner described and claimed in Charman and' Darlington Patent 1,804,207.

The casing 20 is generally rectangular in form, although the corners may be rounded as shown. The inner surfaces of the casing are tapered upvwardly in accordancev with the usual practice.

The lining above the ledge 2i consists of refractory blocks which are made in such sizes and shapes as to fit the internal surfaces of the casing and be retained vagainst. inward movement by their own interengagement. As herein illustrated I employ on each side surface of the casing lower and upper lining blocks 2d and 25 respectively. Each of these blocks is tapered upwardly, that is to say, the side edges of theloloclrsv are inclined upwardly toward each other, both at the same angle. These side edges are also beveled inwardly, as appears clearly in Figs. 3 and 4. The inner face of each of the blocks 2d and 25 is fiat, and each of these faces, or the two together, may be said to have the shape of a symmetrical trapezoid, the upper edge of which is shorter than the lower edge.

1n the corners of the casing I me corner blocks 26, all of which may be identical in shape and The inner surface of each of these corner blocks is a rectangle. The side or lateral edges are beveled oi inwardly at the proper 'angle to make a precise fit with-the beveled edges of the blocks 2li and 25. The outer surfaces of blocks 26 are of course made to yconform with the corner surfaces of the casing, which in the present instance are rounded.

The procedure in assembling the lining elements is to rst place the side blocks 24 in the casing, then to slide the lower corner blocks 26 into place,y when the lower lining course will be locked in position. 'Ihe four side blocks 25 of vthe upper course are then put into the casing,

4 I have illustrated a lining arrangement previously used for a rectangular hot top, the side blocks l21 of the lining are straight, that is their side edges do not taper as do the side edges of the

blocks

24 and 25 of the present invention. The

corner blocks

28 and 29 however are tapered and the two blocks are consequently of different size.

The side edgesof all blocks are beveled in order to hold all of them in position.

It will be observed by comparison of Figs. 8 and 11 that the lower surface of corner block 29 has a greater dimension in a diagonal direction than.

that of lower corner block 26, in other words corner block 29 extends farther into the hot top space than does block 26. In Figs. 7 and 8 I have marked the lower forward edge of the block 29 with the reference character a.. 'I'he lowerforward edge of block 26 in `Figs. 2 and 11 is marked b. In Fig. 14 I have shown diagrammatically both of these lower edges a and b ln their proper positions, and have connected their ends with the ends of the corner line c at the top of the block, which is the same-in both cases, by lines d and e. of lines a. and b. The resulting wedge-shaped gure, illustrated by itself in Fig. 14, represents tire saving in refractory at each corner of. the! lining when the lining of the present invention, shown in Fig. 2, is used as compared with the lining of Fig. v'7, and the consequent increased capacity of the hot top for molten metal. 'Ihese figures also provide a visual demonstration of the fact that the bull: of this added capacity occurs at and near the ybottom of the hot' top where it is of the greatest value.

Line y connects the lower ends It will be observed therefore that by putting the taper on the side blocks rather than on the corner blocks as formerly, I have increased theA capacity of the hot top, principally in the lower portion thereof, and have consequently accomplished a valuable improvement. Furthermore the change is effected without any increase in the number of different lining blocks, all eight of the corner blocks being identical.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a hot top, a generally. rectangular casing with inner upwardly tapered surfaces and a ledge extending inwardly from its lower end, a lining therefor of refractory material supported by said ledge, said lining comprising corner elements having vstraight sides extending in parallel directions, and said lining also comprising side elements having upwardly tapered side edges.

2. In a hot top, a generally rectangular casing having inner surfaces tapered upwardly and a ledge extending inwardlyfrom its lower end, a lining therefor of refractory material supported by said ledge, said lining comprising corner elements with beveled lateral edges. said lateral edges extending in parallel directions throughout their lengths, said lining comprising also side elements with beveled edges adapted to t the beveled edges of the corner elements, said side elements being tapered upwardly.

3. In a hot top, a generally rectangular casing having inner walls tapered upwardly and a ledge vextending inwardly from its lower end, a lin.

' ing therefor of refractory material supported by said ledge,l said lining comprising corner elements with nat inner faces of rectangular shape and beveled side edges, and comprising side elements having flat inner faces in the form of symmetrical trapezoids with their lower edges longer than their upper edges, and having beveled side edges complementary to the beveled side edges of the corner elements.

WALTER' w. Ummm.