US2045493A - Welded frame for combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

June 23, 1936. RADLOFF v 2,045,493

I WELDED FRAME FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Nov. 27, 1933 lnve\^\to1-:

JQhannc-es Radio??` 1 wgy- Patented June 23, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT oFElcE wELnED FRAME Foa coMUs'rloN ENGINES Johannes Radlo, -Berlin., Germany, assignor to General Electric Company, a corporation of l New York Application November 27, 1933, Serial No. 699,983

In Germany December 14, 1932 for welded frames of combustion engines where-v by these frames may be made of standard structural shapes at considerably less cost than cast frames. In accordance 'with my invention I make a frame for combustion engines `which comprises two separate'parts, a base or crank k'case having a. lower portion forming an oil chamber and ncluding means for supporting a crank shaft, and a cylinder frame or support whichl is fastened to the base portion by' means of anchor rods or studs. The arrangement according to my inven` tion is such that forces due to the weight of the massesand the explosions in the cylinders aretransmitted bythe anchor rods or studs directly to structural shapes forming parts of the base frame without exertingexcessive forces onto the welded seams ybetween the different parts. This is accomplished by providing the structure of the baseframe with a plurality of transverse walls made of forgedv Steel plates projecting into rel cesses of structural shapes such as channel irons ofthe side walls of the base. The cylinder sup port in a preferred arrangement of my invention comprises longitudinal and transverse structural shapes which are fitted into each other and are provided with lugs in the joints for fastening the cylinder heads thereto. f

, For a. better understanding of what I consider to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the following description and the claims appended thereto in' connection with the accom- I panying drawing which forms apart of my specification. f A

In the drawing Fig. 1 represents a front view partly broken away of a combustion engine frame embodying my invention; Fig. 2 isa top view partly broken away of Fig. 1; Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional views along lines 3 and 4 respectively 'of Fig. 1; Fig. 4a is a perspective view of a detail -of Figs. 1 to 4; Fig.' 5 represents a sectional front view partly broken away of a modified form of mrinvention; and Fig. 6is a sectional side view of Fig. 5,*which latter is a section along lines 5-5 of Fig. 6.

The base or crank casing of the frame comprises sheets or plates I0, I I, I2 and I3 for carrying the crank shaft bearings, side walls I4, I5, 5 standard structural shapes I6, I1 in the present instance shown as channel irons which form a means for supporting the engine, and finally an voil pan I 8 havingside portions welded to the lower parts of the channel irons. By channel 10 irons I mean any standard structural shapes such as U-irons, I-irons, TT-irons, etc. which define a channel. The bearing supporting plates or sheets I0, II, I2 and I3 have the same shape and they maybe burned or cut out for the entire 15 length of the machine in the same pattern.

"These sheets may be used without any machining or finishing. They are welded together with other parts of the base and to this end they are pro' vided with lateral projections I2a (Fig. 3) which 20 fit into the channel irons I6 and I1. The projections t the inner sections of the channel irons completely. This is an important feature of my arrangement because it permits the transmission of forces, due to the masses of the dif- 25 ferent elements and the explosions in thecyl, inders, directly to the heavy channel irons I6 and I1 without seriously affecting the welded seams between the sheets or plates I0, II, I2, I3, and the channel irons I6 and I1. The crank o case of the machine frame is completed by the longitudinal walls I4, I5 welded to the channel irons and cover plates I2 and 20. The front wall I4 is provided with openings 2I and 22 permitting access tothe crank shaft and the bearings. These openings may be closed by doors or plates (not shown). Each set of two sheets I0, II and I2, I3 respectively is united by means of bent'strlps of sheet metal 23, which latter serve to carry bearing bracketsl 24 and 25 respectively. o Each set is furthermore united by bottom pieces 26 and 21 respectively. The latter are located within the oil pan. The strips 23 and the bottom pieces 26 and 21 are welded to the plates I0, II and I2, I3 respectively. 45

The upper part of the machine frame, that is, the 'cylinder support, comprises longitudinal structural shapes'or channel irons 28 and 29 and two transverse structural shapes or channel irons 30, 3i between each pair of adjacent cylinders. 50 In the present instance, U-irons have been used for structural shapes but .other forms of structural shapes may be used. Lugs 32 are welded into the corners of the transverse and longitudinal structural shapes. The longitudinal chan- 55 from the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1to 4v nel irons 28, 29, which extend along the entire length of the machine are welded together with bottom and cover plates 33 and 34-respectively and with the transverse channel irons 30 and 3|.

'Ihe ends vof the latter are partly cut away to fit into the recesses dened by the longitudinal channel irons 28 and 29 (Fig. 4a). Tubes 35 deining cooling water jackets are welded to the plates 33 and 34 of the cylinder support. Tubes 36 defining cylinder walls are concentrically arranged within the tubes 35. The tubes'36 have upper anged portions 31 resting on the upper ends of the tubes 35 with the outer surfaces ceni tered by rings 35a welded to said tubes.

Each cylinder has a head 38 fastened thereto by means of studs 39 held in threaded bores of the lugs 32.

The transmission of explosion forces takes place through the cylinder head studs 3 9 to the lugs 32. Theselugs in accordance with my in. vention are so fitted into the channel irons 28, 29. 30 and 3l and welded thereto that the welded seams are not seriously affected by tensional forces due to explosions in the cylinders. These lugs, as pointed out above, are preferably provided in the joints between the longitudinal and transverse channel irons. With this arrange,- ment the explosion forces are directly transmitted through the cylinder head bolts 39 to the longitudinal and transverse channel irons 28 to 32 inclusive. The base and the cylinder support are held together by means of anchor rods 49, projecting through holes near the joihts of the longitudinal and transverse channel irons, and projecting through the spaces defined by the sets of plates ID, II, and I2, I3 respectively. It will beA noted that the transverse structural shapes or channel irons 30, 3l form vertical walls in alinement with the walls I0, II and I2, I3 respectively. The forces transmitted through the cylinder bolts 39 and the lugs 32 to the transverse and longitudinal structural shapes or chan- A seams between the dilerent elements forming' the crank case.

The modification shown inv Figs. 5 andldiffe'rs in that studs are used instead o f anchor rods for bolting the cylinder frame to the crankcase and in the use of single transverse sheets instead of the sets of sheets I0, II and I2, I3 in Fig. l.

More specifically, the arrangement comprises a pan portion 4I, side plates 42 and channel irons 43 welded together, anda transverse sheet or plate 44 between adjacent cylinders having projections lling the free section of the channel irons 43 similar to the arrangement shown in jigs. 3 and 4. A top plate 45 is welded to the side walls 42. The cylinder frame comprises a x bottom plate 46 and a top plate 41 welded to structural shapes shown as U-irons 48 and 49 5 corresponding to the irons 30 and. 3I of Fig. 1, and U`irons 52 and 53 correspondingto U-irons 28 and 29 of Fig. 2. lThe cylinder support is fastened to the base or crankcase by means of studs 50 screwed into a reinforced portion 5I of the upper part of sheet 44. In all other respects the arrangement is similar to that described above'in connection with Figs. 1-4.

With my invention I have accomplished an improved construction of welded combustion engine frames. The frame is manufactured from commercial, standard structural shapes and plates which are welded'together and arranged so that forces due to the weight of the masses of the different elements and explosions in the cylinders are transmitted directly to the main .structural shapes for supporting the engine with-v out affecting the welded seams between the different parts. This feature increases the safety and the life of the engine.

Whatv I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: i

1. In a combustion engine a welded frame comprising a base anda cylinder support, the base having a casing comprising side Walls made of 30 plates and longitudinally extending channel irons, transverse plates having projections located in recesses defined by the channel irons. said plates being welded along their edges to said channel irons and side-wall plates, and 35 anchor-rods for fastening the cylinder support to the base, the anchor-rods being fastened to the transverse plates whereby forces from the cylinder support are transmitted to the channel irons of the base without seriously affecting the 4o welded 'seams along the edges of said transverse plates.

,2. In a combustion engine, a welded frame comprising a base and a cylinder support bolted together, the base having an outer casing com- 45 prising side walls made of plates and longltudinally extending channel irons, transverse plates having projections located in the channels dened by the channel irons. the cylinder support comprising two longitudinal channel irons and 50 two transverse channel irons between -adjacent cylinders having ends fit into the recesses of the longitudinal-channel irons and being welded thereto, and bolts for securing the cylinder support to the'base arranged to compress said trans- 55 verse plates, 'thereby eliminating the transmission of considerable tensionforces through welded seams between the different partsr;

JOHANNES RADLQFF. so

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