US2045356A - Brooder stove - Google Patents

Description

June 23, 1936. J. R. HEATWOLE 2,045,356

` BRooDER-STOVE Filed July 25, 1955 2 sheets-sheet 1 'June 23, 1936. J. R. HEATW'QLE BROODER' STOVE Filed July 23, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June Z3, 1936 Hmfl-snf1 Fries 2,045,356 BRooDER s'rovE .oh R.. Heatwole, Winchester," Va., assigner to Snapp Foundry Inc., Winchester, Va.

Application July 23, 1935,'seria1 No. 32,790 I 4 claims. (C1. asse-6) My present invention relates to improvements in brooder stoves, and particularly to automatic means in combination with .a thermostat fo-r controlling the draft to the stove. In carrying out `5 my invention I provide a control device that is simple in construction, inexpensive cost of production, which maybe assembled with facility, and which maybe installed for use with facility.

The automatic control devicev is designed as an I auxiliary in connection with van indirect draft,

to supplement,y orgto be substituted for the direct draft usually emp1oyedin the stove, and while the control device is adapted for use with stoves burning ,various fuels, it is especially de- '15 signed for; use with wood-burning stoves. By the utilization of the device` ofgjmy, invention, after the fire has been started in the stove, the predetermined heat or temperature `will automatically be maintained for required periods of ^20 time without necessity for attention.

The invention consists 'in certain novell cornbinations and arrangements of parts as will 1 hereinafter be more fully set forth. In the accompanying drawings I [have illustrated one T25 complete example of the physical embodiment of my invention, but it will be understood 4 that Ychanges are contemplated andmay be made in lthe exemplifying structure, within .the scope of my claims. Figure, 1 is a sectional View of a T30 brooder equipped with the device of my invention. Figure 2 is `a top plan view of the control device; Figure 3 is a detail sectional view; and Figure 4 is a detail view of the thermostatr In order that the general arrangement and re- 35 lation of parts may readily be understood VI have shown in Figure 1 awell known type -otbrooder Vhaving the centrally located stove I, whichis preferably fashioned of sheet metal desired shape, either rectangular or cylindrical. The bot- LT1150 tom of the stove, as indicated at 2, is provided with a lining or base of heat-insulating material of suitable nature, and if desired, the stove may have feet F to slightly elevate it from agfloor to provide for circulation of air under the stove and '45 protection to the floor against heat from the stove.

The cast metal top of the stove is provided with the usual chimney or smoke pipe 3v and the outlet .port 4 theretocand a lid 5 is hinged to the topat 6 to cover the hole through which fuel is '50 fed to the stove. Preferably the stove is of the wood-burning type, but it will be understoodthat fuel other than logs may be provided for combustion and heating purposes,. and a clean out door 'I is hinged to the side of the stove at a T55 suitable point near its base for removal of ashes,

.and for intake ofr air to aid combustion whenk starting the fire.

The canopy 8, which is preferably fashioned of vsheet metal, withy sloping walls, extends around the stove as a hover for the chicks, andan upwardly and outwardly flaring guard wall, also of sheet metal, as 9, is also attached to the stove,

near its base, to prevent the chicks from being crowded against the heated walls of the stove. Itgwill be understood that the stove and thello canopy may be fashioned of various materials, in different sizes and shapes, and the proportions of the different parts o-f the appliance may be varied foruse under different conditi-ons of service.

-Y Near the base of the stove, and preferably 'ldiagonallyopposite to the upper outlet hole or smoke port 4 of the stove-top I provide an intake port I El of substantially less area than the outlet hole tand on the exterior of the stove A.wall I attach an elbow casting II which opens through; the intake port to the interior of the stove. 'I'he casting is kattached to the stove in suitable man- ,nerQ/as by means of an attaching ilange I2and I screws I2 and the upper outer leg I3 ofthe casting is formed with a smooth horizontal top`25 edge which Aperforms the functionsv of a valve seat in the control yof and admission yof air through the elbow to the interior` of the stove. j n The part I3, or valve seat end of the casting I projects upwardly through the bottom of a control drum It, the bottom I 5 of the drum being provided with a central opening toI accommodate thepipe I3, and lock nuts It, I6 are threaded on I the pipe I3, below and above the bottomv I5 to securely retain thedrum on the pipe, and with edge of the pipe elevated slightly above ,thevbottom of the drum and the inner locking Vnut I6.

y `The drum, which is preferably fashioned of sheethmetal and of cylindrical shape is located 40 exterior of and adjacent to the base portion of the stove, and the removable top I1 of the drum fastened thereto by screws I8 or bolts, is pro- 'vwith an annular series of circular holes .or openings I9, which, when open readily permit currents of air to flow from the atmosphere to the interior of the drum, as indicated in the drawings.l When these openings or holes I9 are closed,A draft or air or circulation of air currents to the interior of the drum, is of course cut off. 50

the central portion of the drum isr mounted,

loosely, a vertically disposed pin 20 having its opposite ends threaded, and this pin is of sufficient length to project at its lower end down into the valve-seat mouth of thek pipe I3,V and.

at its upper end to project through a hole in the center of the top of the drum. A sheet metal disk as 2| having a center opening is loosely mounted on the pin, within the drum, and this disk, which is adapted to seat on the top edge of the pipe I3, is of suicient area to simultaneously close the ports or holes I9 in the top I1 of the drum.

When the disk-valve 2| is seated on the top of the pipe I3, the latter is effectually closed, except for a series of small auxiliary or idling ports 22 arranged around the center opening of the 1. disk-valve, and these idling ports supply suicient air to support combustion in the stove to prevent accumulation of smo-ke or gases within the stove, when the draft thereto is cut off.

'Ihe disk valve 2|, with its central opening is loosely mounted on the pin 20, and it may be supported on the pin and prevented from displacement by means of an adjusting nut 23 threaded on the lower end of the pin, beneath the disk valve.

On the upper threaded end of the pin, exterior of the drum another adjusting nut 24 is threaded, and these two' adjustable nuts on the pin are regulated to govern the movement of the disk valve between the under face of the top I1 of the drum, and the upper seat or top edge of the pipe I3.

The upper end of the threaded pin 20 passes through a slot 25 in the lo-ng arm of a lever 26, which lever extends outwardly from the stove, and is pivoted at 21 in a bracket 28, which bracket is attached at its opposite ends, by screws to the drum I4 and to the overhanging portion of the canopy 8 and is located directly beneath the lever 26.

By means of the adjusting nut 24 that is located above the lever, and the adjusting nut 23 that is located below the disk-valve 2|, the pin and the valve may be vertically adjusted with relation to the lever and the ported top I1, as well as the valve-seat of the pipe I3, to assure accuracy and efficiency in controlling the admission of air through the drum and through the pipe I3 to the interior of the stove.

The control lever 26 is operated through the instrumentality of a suitable thermostat 29, here shown as of the well known wafer type, containing a suitable fluid or liquid that is expansible under heat to operate the thermostat, and the latter is mounted at 30 on the bracket 28 below the lever and spaced a suitable distance from the fulcrum 21 of the lever.

The lifting power or force of the thermostat, as it expands under heat, is applied to the lever through the use of a pin 3|, secured to the lever by the wing nut 32, and thevpin is fashioned with a round head 33 that rests on and in contact at all times with the upper wall of the wafer or thermostat.

This thermostatic control device, preferably radiates from the stove body outwardlyfrom the center of the brooder to the edge of the canopy, and a wire screen, or other guard 34 may be placed over the control device to prevent the chicks from roosting or perching onthe device.

The thermostat is set for a predetermined de:- gree of temperature, to control the lever and the valve-disk mounted on the pin of the lever, and the normal position of the valve 2| may be adjusted to various conditions. It will readily be Vapparent that as the thermostat expands, the

lever, or the free end of the long arm of the lever is lifted. until the full force of the thermostat is employed to lift the disk valve against the underside of the top I1 and close the ports I9. When the heat radiated from the stove reaches this excessive degree of temperature, the intake of air for supporting combustion is cut 01T, en- 5 tirely, and inthe absence of flow of air to the interior of the stove causes a reduction of the excessive heat until the temperature again falls to the predetermined normal point. When the thermostat is contracted, the lever 25, by gravity action, rests upon and is supported by the head 33 on the thermostat, and of course the fulcrum 21 also supports the lever, and the diskvalve may be adjusted on its pin to close, o-r to partially close, the inlet port of the pipe I3.

The auxiliary idling ports 22 of the disk valve are of such area as to provide or admit only sufiicient air currents to the interior of the stove as to prevent extinguishing the iire, but to prevent a. roaring blaze or intense heat within the stove.

The use of the disk-valve within the interior of the drum, and below the inlet ports I9 of the drum, permits the valve to function with either the perforated top of the drum or the intake 25 port of the pipe I3. Thus, through accident from any cause, should the thermostat fail to operate, the lever falls by gravity, and the pin and valve fall with the lever, the latter automatically closing the pipe I3 except for the idling ports 22.130 Or,'should the expanded thermostat fail to contract from any cause, the lever may remain in uplifted position, but; the lever holds the diskvalve against the under side of the top of the drum to close the ports I9, thus preventingun- "235 controlled draft of air through the control device. If and when the lever falls, its full movement permits the valve disk to close the port of pipe I3.

Thus, the heat of the stove is automatically'llo controlled in a reliable manner to maintain the predetermined temperature at which the thermo'- stat is set, and the combustion in the stove is .controlled by the draft control device.

In starting a wood lre in the stove, it is pref-H45 erable to use the direct draft through the open door 1, or in the event green wood is supplied to the stove as fuel, the direct draft is employed, to

Ainsure sufficient air to support combustion in the stove, and the smoke and products of combustion 50 'are carriedoif through the chimney or smoke pipe 3.Y Y

After the re is properly started and combus- `tionis supported within the stove, the door 1 isl closed to shut oifthe direct draft, and the in- 55 Varound -the stove for the preservation of the chicks.

l The control device may be manufactured as a'65 part of the brooder-stove, or it may be attached for use with brooders already in use.l

Having thus fully described my invention, what -l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters VPatent isz- 1. The combination with a stove having a draft inlet portV and an inlet pipe connected therewith havingra valve-seat, of a control drum enclosing the valve Seat and having air inlet ports,

a valve located within the drum between the valve seat and the inlet ports, a valve stem reciprocable in the drum and supporting said valve, and a thermostatic control device adapted to reciprocate said stem and valve for controlling the opening of the inlet ports, and said valve adapted to close the valve seat upon failure of the thermostatic control device to function.

2. In a thermostatic stove-draft control device, the combination with a drum having inlet and outlet ports in opposed Walls thereof, of a reciprocable valve stem, a valve, and means for suspending the valve on said stem between the inlet ports and outlet port, an operating lever for lifting the stem, and a thermostat for actuating said lever for controlling the opening of the inlet ports, and said valve adapted to substantially close the outlet port upon failure of the thermostat to function.

3. In a draft control device, the combination with a drum having a lower outlet port and an upper inlet port, of a valve stem reciprocable in the drum, a valve mounted on the stem between said ports and an adjusting nut on the stem supporting the valve, a second adjusting nut mounted on the stem exterior of the drum, an operating lever having its free end loosely engaging the stem beneath the exterior nut, and a thermostat for operating said lever and controlling the opening of the inlet ports, and said valve adapted to substantially close the outlet port upon failure of the thermostat to function.

4. In a draft control device, the combination with a drum having a lower outlet port and an upper inlet port, of a disk-valve between said ports and provided with a central opening, a valve stem reciprocable in the drum with its lower end passed through said opening, an adjusting nut threaded 4on the stem below the valve, a second adjusting nut threaded on the upper end of the stem exterior of the drum, a pivoted operating lever, said lever having a slotted end mounted on the stem between the drum and the exterior nut, and a thermostat for operating the lever, whereby the valve is adapted to control the opening of the inlet port and also adapted to substantially close the outlet port upon failure of the thermostat to function.

JOI-IN R. HEATWOLE.

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