US2040945A - Priming device - Google Patents

Description

H. OJ-EUSCHNER PRIMING DEVICE vMay 19, 193s.v 2,040,945

Filed March 16, 1932 2 Sheets-sheet 1 Patented May 19, 1936 2,040,945 PRJMING DEVICE Harry 0. Leuschner, Flint, Mich., assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application March 16, 1932, Serial No. 599,111 4 4 Claims.

the induction systems of internal combustion engines atpoints close to the intake ports under starting conditions, and in means for operating and controlling the operation ofthe apparatus.

For a better understanding of the nature and objects of the present invention, reference is made to the following specification in which there are described the preferred embodiments of my invention which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view showing one form of my apparatus for facilitating the starting of an internal combustion engine applied to the propelling engine of an automotive vehicle.

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the carburetor and associated parts of the engine shown in Figure 1.

Figure -3 is a view showing a second form of my apparatus for facilitating the starting of an internal combustion engine applied to the propelling engine of an automotive vehicle.

Figure 4 is an enlargedfragmentary view of the carburetor and associated parts of the engine shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on the line 5-'5 of Figures 1 and 3.

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on aline parallel to the line 6-6 of Figure 3 and in the horizontal plane which includes the axis of the manifold 22.

In the automotive vehicle which is illustrated in the drawings, there is installed an internal combustion propelling engine I on which there is mounted a carburetor 2 into which air enters through the conduit 3 and from which a combustible mixture of fuel and air is discharged through the riser 4 which is connected to the intake ports of the engine by an extension 5 and a manifold 6. To regulate the volume of air which enters the carburetor through the conduit 3, there is provided within the conduit 3 a choke valve 1 of the butterfly type which is mounted on a shaft 8 to which issecured an operating arm 9 which is adapted to be manipulated from the drivers seat of the vehicle through a rod I0. To regulate the volume of combustible mixture which is discharged through the riser 4, there is provided in the extension 5 a throttle valve II (Fig. 4) of the butterfly type which is mounted on a shaft I2 to which is secured an operating arm I3 which is adapted to be manipulated from the drivers seat of the vehicle through any suitable linkage. There is also installed on the engine I an engineoperated fuel pump I4 whose discharge side is connected to the float bowl I5 of the carburetor by a pipe I6 and a T-coupling I1.

In the form of the invention which is illustrated in-Figures 1 and 2 ofthe drawings, the branch of the T-coupling I1 which is not connected to the -pipe I6 or the float bowl I5 is connected to one end of a pipe I8 whose opposite end opens into the inlet side of a valve housing I9. To the discharge side of the valve housing, there is connected one end of a pipe 2| whose opposite end opens into the middle of a manifold 22 on which there are provided branches 23. Intoveach of the branches of the intake manifold adjacent the intake port with which it communicates, there extends a nozzle 24 which is connected to one of the branches 23 of the manifold 22 and whose discharge end is directed toward the adjacent intake port, as shown in Figure 5.

In the valve housing I9, there is formed an inlet chamber 25'which communicates with the/ pipe I8 and a discharge chamber 26 which communicates with the pipe 2I. A poppet valve 21, which is located Within the inlet chamber 25 and is carried by a stem 28, which extends through `a port 29 which connects the chambers 25 and 26 and through the outer wall of the chamber 26, is urged by a'coil spring 30 from the position in which it is shown in dotted lines in Figure 2, in which the port 29 is open, to that in which it is shown in solid lines in Figure 2, inwhich it is seated on the walls of and closes the port 29.

Any suitable manually and/or automatically operable mechanism may be provided for moving the valve 21 from the position in which the port 29 is closed to that in which it is open, but I prefer, as shown in the drawings, to interconnect the valve 21 with the choke valve operating mechanism so that when ,the choke valve` approaches fully closed position the port 29 will be opened. To this end, I provide in the choke valve operating arm 9 and opening 3| through which the end of the valve stem 28 extends and on the stem 28 an abutment 32 withwhich the choke valve operating arm is adapted to contact when the choke valve approaches fully closed position.

In starting the engine shown in Figures 1 and 2 'of the drawings from the cold, the operator will move the choke valve 1 toward the position in which it closes the air intake conduit. 3 by moving the choke valve operating arm 9 in a counterclockwise direction before cranking the engine in order te increase the mie ei iuei te air in the combustible mixture discharged from the .riser 4. In cold weather, it is dimcult, if not impossible,

although the choke valve be in fully closed position, to convey from the carburetor to the cylinders of the engine by the suction of the engine a combustible mixture in which the ratio of fuel to air is sufciently great to insure that the engine will start quickly and easily. My invention eliminates this difhculty and insures quick and easy starting of the engine during cold weather because, when the choke valve 1 approaches fully closed position, the choke valve operating arm 9 engages the abutment 32 on the valve stem 28 and moves the valve 21 toward the position in which it is shown in dotted lines in Figure 2. When under these conditions the engine isA cranked, fuel is forced by the pump I4, through the pipe I6, the T-coupling I1, the pipe I8, the valve housing I9, the pipe 2l, the manifold 22, the branches 23 and the nozzles 24, into vthe branches of the intake manifold 6 adjacent the cylinder intake ports and is carried by its own velocity and the current induced by the suction of the engine into the engine cylinders. Thus it is insured that a Icombustible mixture in which the ratio of fuel-to air is suciently great to insure quick and easy starting of' the engine will reach the cylinders of the engine when the engine is so cold that the suction of the engine cannot alone be relied upon to do it.

In the form of my invention which is illustrated in Figures 3, 4 and 6 of the drawings, the

branch, of the T-coupling I1, which is not connected to the pipe I6 or the float bowl I5, is connected to one end of a pipe I8-whose opposite end opens into the inlet side of a valve housing 20. To the discharge side of the valve housing 20,

. there is connected one end of a pipe 56 on whose reference character is applied and is similarlyl connected to the intake manifold 6.

vIn the valve housing 20, there is formed an inlet passage 33 which commmunicates with the pipe I8 and a discharge passage 34 which communicates with the pipe 56. A conical lvalve member 35, which is carried by a stem 36 which extends to a point without the valve housing 20 and carries on vits outer end an abutment 31, is urged by a coil spring 39 from the position in which it is shown in dotted lines in Figure 4,

in which the port 38 which connects the pas-y sages 33 and 34 is open, to that in which it is shown in solid lines in Figure 4, in which it is l seated-on the wallsof and closes the port 38.

`."gAny suitable 'manually and/or automatically operable mechanism may be provided for mov- 'in g the valvef member 35 from theposition in which the port 38 is closed to that'in which it is open, but I prefer, as shown in the drawings, to interconnect thesaid vvalve member with the choke valve operating mechanism so that, when the choke valve approaches fully closed position, the port 38 will be opened. To this end, I provide on the body of the carburetor 2 a pivot element 40 on which there is mounted a lever 4I in Whose arm 42 .there is provided an opening 43 through which the valve stem 36 extends, and. whose arm 44 engages a cam 45 carried by the choke valve shaft 8. The cam 45 is so designed that when the choke valve 1 is moved toward closed position it will rock the lever 4I and when the choke valve approaches fully closed position will bring the arm 42 into engagement with the abutment 31 on the valve stem 33.

In starting the engine shown in'Flgures 3 and Y nates the diiiiculty hereinbefore referred to of conveying from the carburetor tothe cylinders of the engine a combustible mixture in which the ratio of fuel to air is sufficiently great to insure that the engine will start quickly and easily in cold weather because, when the choke valve l approaches fully closed position, the chokevalve operating arm 9 through the cam 45 moves the arm 42 of the lever 4I into engagement with the abutment 31 on the valve stem 36V and the valve 35 toward the position in which it is shown in dotted lines in Figure 4. When, under these conditions, the engine is cranked, fuel is vforced by the pump I4 through the pipe I6, the T-coupling I1, lthe pipe I8 and the valve housing 20 into the pipe 56 from whichit is sprayed through the nozzle 51 into the enlarged. end of the funnelshaped fitting 58. From the funnel-shaped f1tting 58, the spray of fuel is drawn by the suction produced in the cylinders of the engine successively into the coupling 59 (in which it is mixed,

'if the regulating screw 6I is not in the position in which the bleed opening 86 is closed, with air which enters the coupling through the bleed opening 60), the pipe 62, the manifold 22, and the 'branches 23 from which it is discharged through the nozzles 24 into the cylinders of the engine. From what has been said, it will be apparent that; by means of the apparatus illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, it is insured that a combustible mixture, in which the ratio of fuel to air is sufllciently great to insure quick and easy starting of the engine, will reach the 'cylinders of the engine when the engine is so cold that the suction of the engine cannot alone be relied upon to do it and, moreover, that the ratio of fuel to air in the combustible mixture can be adjusted independently l of the choke valve 1 by adjustment of the regulat- If desired, the regulating screwl ing screw 6I. 6I may be adjusted, after the engine is started,

I te the position in which it closes the bleed opening 60.

In order that the throttle valve II may be opened to' a predetermined extent when the engine illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 is being started under conditions that render it desirable partially or-fully to close the passage 3, I provide on the arm 42 oi' the lever 44I an extension 43 which carries a set-screw 41 which engages a cam-like extension on the throttlevalve operating arm I3, and opens the throttle valve to a predetermined extent when. the choke valve 1 is moved toward closed position.

In order to insure that suiiicient fuel form and 4 will reach the nozzles 24 when the choke Valve i vso closely approaches fully closed position that the port 38 is opened, I consider it preferable to prevent any of the f uel discharged from the pump I4 entering the float bowl' l5 under these conditions. To this end, I provide on the body of the carburetor 2 an element 48 which serves as a fulcrum for a lever 49 whose one arm 50 carries a pin 5I which extends through the top of the oat bowl and is adapted toengage the lever 52 through which the iloat 53 operates the needle valve 54, which controls'the passage of fuel from the T-coupling i'i into the oat bowl. The opposite end 55 of the lever 49 is so located that it willbe engaged by the choke valve operating arm 9 when the choke valve approaches fully closed position. When the choke valve 1 approaches fully closed position, the choke valve operating arm 9 will, as previously stated, engage the arm 55 of the lever 49 and cause the lever to rock about its fulcrum 48 and, through the pin 5i and the lever 52, move the needle valve 54 into the position in 'which it closes the passage through which fuel enters the float bowl from the T-coupling il, and thus cause all of the fuel which is discharged from the fuel pump I4 to enter the pipe i8 and pass therethrough and through the intermediate connecting passages to the nozzles 24.

' It will be noted that, since the choke valve operating arm S in Figures 1 and 2 does not engage the abutment 32 on the valve stem 28, and the arm 42 of the lever 4l in Figures 3 and 4 does not engage the abutment 31 on the valve stem 35 -until the choke valve 1 approaches fully closed position, my apparatus for facilitating starting dees not function except when thec choke valve approaches fully closed position and, consequently, does not aiect the operation of the engine on which it is installed except under such conditions as render it necessary or desirable almost completely to close the air intake conduit 3. It will be further noted that, since the fuel pump it does not operate except when the crankshaft of the engine is being rotated, no fuel will be discharged from the nozzles 24, although the choke valve 'i is fully closed, unless the crankshaft is being rotated and, consequently, there is no possibility of the apparatus .fdotuiingI the cylinders of the engine on which it is installed.

Although .I have shown and described preferred l embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that this has been done by way of example and notby way of limitation and, consequently. that vthe scope of my invention is to be determined only by the appended claims.

I claim: y

i. In an linternal combustion engine, an induction system, including a carburetor in which 2. In a, internal combustion engine, an inducc tion system, including a, carburetor, for supplying a combustible vmixture to the cylinders of the engine, a valve for-controlling the admission of air to the carburetor, a valve for controlling the discharge of combustible mixture from the carburetor, means for introducing fuel into the induction system between the carburetor and the intake ports of the cylinders, and meansfor rendering the mentioned means operative and partially opening the second mentioned valve when the first mentioned valve approaches fully closed position. l

3. In an internal combustion engine, an induction system, including a carburetor, for supplying a combustible mixture to the cylinders of the engine, a valve for controlling the admission of air to the carburetor, means for injecting fuel into the induction system between the carburetor and the intake ports of the cylinders, and means whereby after but not before the mentioned valve has been closed to a predetermined extent further movement thereof toward its closed position renders the mentioned means operative.

4. In an internal combustion engine, an induction system, including a carburetor, `for supplying a combustible mixture to the cylinders of the engine, a, valve for controlling the admission of air to the carburetor, means for introducing fuel into the induction system adjacent the intake

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