US2025623A - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

Des. 24, 1935. F. J. STRAUB ZQZEfiZB CRUSHER Filed Sept. 1, 1933 2 Sheets-Shet 1 INVENTOR.

f i'mdnza A TTORAVEK F. J. STRAUB CRUSHER Filed Sept. 1, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. lyfl/ A TTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 24, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5 Claims.

My invention refers to improvements in crushers for various minerals and the like. It is especially adapted to reduce the larger pieces of clinker of a mass of cinders or other material in preparation for use as an aggregate in the making of building block etc. or for any similar purpose.

Ordinarily, such material is reduced to usable sizes by passing it vertically between a pair of crushing rolls horizontally opposite each other and usually of the same size, of either smooth or corrugated peripheral contour. With such rolls, arranged to act on a vertically moving mass, the crushing operation is generally satisfactory except where occasionally interrupted by a piece or pieces of abnormally large size or hardness, which the rolls fail to reduce, causing jamming and stoppage of the operation.

Usually, in such cases, it is necessary to either remove such pieces, or to crush them manually by means of a bar or the like, introduced between the rolls until thelump is reduced sufiiciently to pass through. Such operations are apt to delay the'progress of or 'to damage the plant and are furthermore extremely dangerous to the operator, resulting in accident and bodily harm.

In my invention I overcome these disadvantages and effect continuous crushing of the larger pieces of material by means of a main feeding and crushing roll and a co-operating crushing roll arrangedto operate therewith adjacent the top of the main roll, and so mounted as to constantly' vary its annular and radial relation thereto.

The main roll in such arrangement constitutes primarily a conveyor for the material, introducing it at the operative location between itself and the co-operating roll whereby such roll, due to its relative movements, not only exerts crushing action on the intervening material, but also tends to dislodge and constantly change the position of larger pieces or lumps, enabling them to pass between rolls with subjection to crushing pressure.

While the invention may be embodied in various constructions, I illustrate one preferred form in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a View in side elevation, showing my improved crusher, as installed;

Fig. 2 is a part sectional detail View showing the crushing rolls in action;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the combination with the main roll of a pair of cooperating rolls;

Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of the apparatus, enlarged;

Fig. 5 is a side view in elevation showing the superimposed feeding hopper in section.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the main and preferably larger of the two rolls, mounted by shaft 2 .in suitable supporting bearings 3, shaft 2 being driven in the direction indicated by a pulley P or other suitable driving means. The coacting roll B is journalled by its shaft 4 in a radially slidable block 5 mounted in a suitable receiving housing in the outer end of swinging arms 6. Adjusting liners 5a or other suitable means may be utilized for correct spacing between the rolls.

Said arms are pivoted on the shaft 2 for annular motion of roll B with relation to the periphery of roll A, and are suitably connected, as by a terminal yoke I. A cushion spring 8 is interposed between the yoke 1 and sliding block 5, of suflicient extent of resiliency and compression to admit outward movement of shaft 4 under excess re-action of the material in passing between the rolls. It is also desirable to allow for such cushioning resistance and resulting opening between the rolls to permit the passage of any foreign material, as pieces of iron, etc. Without damage to the rolls.

Arms 6 as shown are normally mounted in an inclined position whereby to locate the normal position of roll B at or about the relation to roll A as shown, at a point between its horizontal and vertical planes, for best results in practice.

By such arrangement, material delivered on the 'top of the main roll A will be carried towards the co-acting roll B in the manner of a conveyor on an annularly lowering angle, arriving at the crushing point above the horizontal center of the main roll.

The arms 6 are normally held in such approximate or normal position by resilient elements, as tension springs 9, 9, or the like, engaging the terminal eye In of yoke 1 or otherwise attached to arms 6. They are oppositely connected to any suitable adjusting device, as an eye bar or rod ll mounted in any suitable support l2 and provided with adjusting nuts l3 or the like.

By such means the tension on the arms may be adjusted to vary the position of roll B, and. also to control the re-action effect of each spring 9, within considerable range and under control of the operator.

Roll A is preferably provided with outer flanges a of considerable depth whereby to provide between them for reception of the raw material, in

the nature of a traveling trough. Roll B as shown extends inwardly between flanges a, to a considerable extent, providing a laterally closed working zone, variable by the material itself and the resilient mounting of the smaller roll.

Raw material, as cinders, including the hard clinkers, is distributed to the upper surface of roll A between its flanges from a storage hopper l4 preferably having an adjustable outlet gate l5 controlling the supply. I also preferably utilize a reciprocable pusher l6 movable forwardly and backwardly by an actuating rod I1 over the surface of a fioor or bottom l8, as will be readily understood.

By such construction the feed of the raw material to the upper surface of roll A may be accurately controlled and regulated so as to provide a forwardly and downwardly moving mass of lumps, in the nature of a conveyor. When these approach the bite of the rolls, reduction is effected by their co-operation, the crushed material passing downwardly to any suitable receiving hopper, conveyor or screen, or additional crusher, as indicated in Fig. 1.

In the event of a larger or very hard piece or pieces of material, as clinker, tending to fail to pass between the rolls and to cause jamming or interfering obstruction, the resilient mounting of the roll bearings, as springs 8 and 9, permit a degree of outward movement of roll B and its additional annular swinging movement.

By either of such movements, or both combined, roll B'automatically effects a disturbing or shiftingaction of the interfering piece, causing it to become dislodged and change. its position, offering new surfaces for attack by the rolls, the effect of which action is to overcome the continuous lodgment and interference and resulting in its gradual reduction.

Ordinarily, the crushing operation will continue without any such interruption, dependent on the strength and design of the rolls, but by constructing them in the manner shown and as above described, the interference and delay is temporary only, permitting the operation to continue regularly and speedily.

While as stated the rolls may be both smooth, or both corrugated, or one of each kind, and.the invention is not necessarily limited to the particular face configuration of either roll, I prefer to provide the periphery of roll A with spaced abutments, ridges or corrugations l9, as indicated, for effective operation.

In receiving the raw material at its upper portion, such transverse ribs not only act as forwardly feeding abutments, but tend to positively carry the various pieces toward and into the nip of the rolls, during operation. While roll B may, under some circumstances, be mounted merely as an idler roll, it is preferably positively driven by any suitable means, as a belt, chain, or motor M, as illustrated in Fig. 1.

In each case the co-acting roll B positively rotates in the direction opposite to roll A, and when driven by any applied means, may be at a slower, the same, or faster peripheral speed than that of the main roll, dependent on the material being operated on and its condition and the desired resulting degree of reduction.

Fig. 2 illustrates the action of the rolls when an abnormally large and hard piece C, as a clinker, becomes temporarily lodged between them, whereupon roll B may be forced outwardly against reaction of springs 8 and may also be caused to swing annularly under re-acting control of springs 9, as indicated in dotted lines. Such limited relative movement tends to disturb and change the position of the lump, relieving it of its obstructing interference, and to constantly present a varied face contact to the roll surfaces. Such action eventually effects gradual crushing of the lump or lumps in progress, reducing them to the desired size in passing between the rolls and away therefrom.

Fig. 3 illustrates diagrammatically the application of an initial co-acting roll B and a supplemental similar roll B.

In such case each of said rolls may be mounted in a single swinging frame, each side having the resiliently mounted journal blocks 5, with compensating springs 8 and 9, or may be mounted in pairs of independently acting arms 6 similarly equipped.

In such case the initially acting roll B may be normally spaced outwardly from the active face of roll A for initial crushing, while roll B may be normally located closer to the active face of roll A, for final finer crushing to the desired maximum sizes of the material, when desired.

With either single or double construction as to such rolls, the crushing operation is facilitated in overcoming the obstacles commonly present in a pair of ordinary side-by-side crushing rolls, overcoming the obstructive jamming and delay and effectually crushing the entire contents of the supply hopper, which are commonly of variable consistency, size and strength.

While I have shown one means of utilizing the invention, it will be obvious that it may be designed and constructed in any suitable manner otherwise by the skilled mechanic or builder in different details or features, and the invention is not limited to the precise construction shown.

What I claim is:

1. In a cinder crusher, the combination of a supporting frame, a main driven crushing roll journalled therein having a corrugated face provided with an annular series of abrupt abutments facing in the direction of roll rotation, a pair of annularly swinging arms journalled axially of the crushing roll each provided with a radially movable bearing, a co-acting smooth face roll journalled in said bearings, cushioning springs for said bearings providing for limited outward movement of the supported roll, means engaging said bearings to maintain the periphery of the smooth face roll outwardly from contact with the abutments of the main roll, and oppositely disposed springs connected with the annularly swinging arms.

2. In a cinder crusher, the combination of a supporting frame, a main driven crushing roll journalled therein having a corrugated face and forwardly acting abutments, a pair of side by side annularly swinging arms journalled axially of the crushing roll each provided with a radially movable bearing, a co-acting roll journalled in said bearings, a driving motor therefor mounted on one of the swinging arms, cushioning springs for said bearings providing for limited outward movefacing in the direction of roll rotation, annular side flanges extending at each side beyond said corrugated face, a pair 01 annularly swinging arms journalled axially of the crushing roll each provided with a radially movable bearing, a coacting smooth face roll journalled in said bearings and extending inwardly between the side flanges toward said corrugated face, cushioning springs for said bearings providing for limited outward movement of the supported roll, means engaging said bearings to maintain the periphery ef the smooth face roll outwardly from contact with the abutments of the main roll, and oppositely disposed springs connected with the annularly swinging arms.

4. In a cinder crusher, the combination of a supporting frame, a main driven crushing roll journalled therein having a corrugated face provided with an annular series of abrupt abutments facing in the direction of roll rotation, annular side flanges extending at each side beyond said corrugated face, a pair of annularly swinging arms journalled axially of the crushing roll each provided with a radially movable bearing, a co-acting smooth face roll journalled in said bearings and extending inwardly between the side flanges toward said corrugated face, cushioning springs for said bearings providing for limited outward movement of the supported roll, a series of spacing liners between each bearing and the supporting arm, and oppositely disposed springs connected with the annularly swinging arms.

5. In a cinder crusher, the combination of a supporting frame, a main driven crushing roll journalled therein having a corrugated face provided with an annular series of abrupt abutments facing in the direction of roll rotation, a pair of annularly swinging arms journalled axially of the crushing roll each provided with a radially movable bearing, a co-acting smooth face roll journalled in said bearings, cushioning springs for said bearings providing for limited outward movement of the supported roll, means engaging said bearings to maintain the periphery of the smooth face r011 outwardly from contact with the abutments of the main r011, oppositely disposed springs connected with the annularly swinging arms, and 20 a motor mounted on one of the swinging arms in driving connection with the co-acting roll.

FRANCIS J. STRAUB.

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