US2023602A - Heating, air-conditioning, or cooling apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 10, 19,35. L. LITHMAN 2,023,602

l HEATING, AIR CONDITIONING, OR COOLING APPARATUS Filed Jan. l5, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENT'OR Dec. 1 0, 1935. 1 LITHMAN 2,023,602

v HEATING, AIR CONDITIONING, OR COOLING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 13, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 50mm ws/MAA `BY v v 7 7TORNEY Patented ec. 10, 1935 HEATING, AIR-ooNpITIoNING, oit

comme APPARATUS Leopold Litan, New York, N. Y.

Application January 13, 1934, Serial No. 706,462

' 'z claims. (ci. 12s-.101)

This invention relates to a heating, air-conditioning or cooling apparatus, and has for its object to provide a relatively simple, sturdy and efflcient device which will operate successfully and continuously under various conditions of service.

More particularly, the invention contemplates the production of a single unit which is used for heating, air-conditioning and cooling, according to which of these services is required. The device operates with a minimum .of fuel consumption and with maximum eiiiciency.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein an embodiment of the invention is shown, Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through the apparatus; Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 3 is asectional View on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows; and Fig. 4 is a sectional view through a portion of the heating chamber. l n

The apparatus is provided with an outer casing or jacket t which rests upon a base orsupport ii. Located within the outer casing 5, and

spaced from the walls thereof, is an inner casing or boiler l having a pair of downwardly extending flanges t (Fig. 3) which'rest upon the base b to support the boiler and which provide a passage 56 between the bottom oli of the boiler and the .upper face of the support Located within `the boiler at a substantially central position therein, is a combustion chamber in the form of a tubular member d. The combustion chamber is closed at its inner end i and has its opposite open end connected to a tube ll which has a ared open end l2 projecting outside of the outer casing "5. A heating device, such as an oil burner, gas burner or the like has its nozzle or jet i3 eX- tending into the tube il so thatthe ame from the nozzle is directed into the tube l l and into the combustion chamber t to heat the same. The tube il has an opening 65 to furnish draft for the heat supply means. Chamber 9 is composed of a number of4 connected` tubular elements tl (Fig. 4) held together by lengthy bolts l5 eX- tending through the ears 6l formed on the members ifi. Clamped between the tubular elements Ml are the walls of flat, tubular ue pipes l which 'are apertured to register with the central open- -ings in the members It so that a continuous and uninterrupted passage ll `is provided through the connected members lll and through the walls of the ues l5, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. To provide an eective liquid-tight joint between the members lli and-the flue walls, the ue walls are beaded as shown at I8 (Fig. 4) which beaded portions iit between ribs ia and complementary grooves ida provided yin the faces of the elements I4.

The construction just described is such as to provide a tubular combustion chamber located d centrally within the boiler and surrounded thereby, the combustion chamber carrying vertically extending, tubular open-ended flues I6, the lower ends of which project below the bottom 66 of the boiler and the upper ends of which project out of l@ the top of the boiler, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. These lues constitute air passages as will be hereafter described. As will be seen in Fig. 1, the lower ends of the flues l0 are staggered, which aids in directing air upwardly through them. l

Extending diagonally downward from the combustion chamber 9,- adjacent to its closed end l0, are pipes which have their lower ends connected by elbows 2l to a pair of longitudinally extending pipes 22. .These pipes 22 connect to 20 a plurality of vertically extending tubes 23 whose upper ends are joined to longitudinally extending pipes 20. Pipes 2d project out of one end of the ,boiler l and are joined to a pipe 25 by elbows 25. Pipe 25 is connected to a T-iitting 2l which 25 connects to an exhaust pipe 28 that projects outside of the outer casing 5. The ends of the-pipes 241, the elbows 2%, pipe 25 and T-tting El are situated outside of the boiler l and are positioned in the space 30 located between the outer casing 30 5 and the outside of the boiler.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that the combustion chamber consists of a tubular casing formed of a plurality of connected elements lil between which are situated the at, tubular ues i6, and heat is conveyed from the chamber through the pipes 2li, 2l, tubes 23 and pipes 2t. The combustion chamber and the piping just reierred to, are wholly enclosed within the boiler and surrounded by the water 3| contained there- 40 in'. The heating means generates steam which is carried upward from the boiler through a pipe 32 to radiators in the conventional way. The boiler is provided with a pipe' carrying a'safety valve 59.

The return pipe from the radiators is shown at 33, the samebeing provided with the conventional return valve 315. For lling or replenishing the supply o f water in the boiler, a lling pipe 35 is provided. `The pipes 3G and 3l leading from the 50 boiler through the outer casing 5 support a gauge glass 38 enabling the amount of water in the boiler to be determined. The hot water supply is obtained by means of a coil shown at 38, located Within the boiler, near the bottom 66 of thel 55 same. The coil is provided with a lead-in pipe 39 having a shut-olf valve 40 as well as a return pipe 4I provided with a valve 42. A

Should the apparatus be used for cooling or refrigerating, the coil 38 may be used for receiving a cooling or refrigerating liquid, instead of hot water. At its upper end or top, the boiler is provided with a supplemental chamber or tank 43 which holds water 44 for humidifylng or air-v conditioning purposes. Leading from the top of this chamber 43 isa pipe'45 which is con nected by a T-itting 46 to laterally extending pipes 41 terminating in jets or spray nozzles 48. A valve 49 is located in the pipe 45 and is provided with an elongated stem 50 which extends across the top of the boiler and projects outside of the casing 5 where it is secured to a hand-wheel 5I. By means of this valve, the supply of vapor from the tank 43 to the spray nozzles 48 is regulated. At 52 is shown a blower which is secured on the base 6 and has its exhaust 53 extending inside of the outer casing 5. The blast of air from the exhaust 53 is directed by means of deector plates 54 into'the passage 56 below the boiler 1 and some of the air will ascend through the heated fiues I6 to above the boiler where it will mix with vapor emanating from the jets 48 and, moisture laden, willfinally pass into a pipe 55 which is connected to flues or pipes leading to outlets in the rooms to be air-conditioned. Some 'of the air from the blower 52 will pass through the passagey 56 below the boiler and ascend through the space or passage situated between the outer casing 5 and the outside of the boiler. 'Ihe boiler is provided with a plurality of laterally extending'- ns 51 which radiate heet Imm the .boiler ridrihe ai .immagine against these heated onits upward travelto# Ward the top ofthe' andtoward the outlett55, b'e' heatedbythe j, e y @beamen ,n1 is s vine' 55h11 Av'vliich is a float valvel 58.. when #ne #este weer mwen' ne n" a than ,thaty in chamber 43, a different valve that shown ati!` maybeused toshutoi! theflow from'pipeiyl. The tankl is also provided with an overflow pipe 60. A n

Briefly, the operation of the heating and airconditioning apparatus is as follows:

Flame projected in through the tube I I will reach the interior I1-of the combustion cham.- ber and will heat the same, as well as convey heat through the piping extending therefrom, comprising the connected pipes 20, 22, tubes 23, and pipes 24, so that the water supply 3| contained in the boiler will be' generated into steam. The flues I6 are also heated as well as the heatradiating ns 51 projecting from the outside of the boiler. The heating coil 38 contained within the boiler will furnish a supply of hot water as will readily be understood. Air projected into the casing 5 by the blower 52, and ascending through the flues I6 will be heated. That portion of the air passing around the outside of the boiler will be heated by passing over the heated iins 51. The heated air rising through the ues I6 and that passing upward about the outside of the boiler becomes humidifled by moisture from the jets 48 and is forced by the blower pressure out through the pipe 55 and through such network of piping or ues as may be connected to the outlet pipe 55.

The water supply 44 in the supplemental tank 43 of the boiler 1 is heated and generated into a steam vapor which is forced out of the nozzles 48 into the space 30 between the outside of the boiler and the outer casing 5. This vapor, mixing with the air iiow as the air iiow is on its way to the outlet 55, adds moisture or humidity to the air supply so that the air passing out through the 5 outlet 55 carries the requisite amount of moisture or is suitably conditioned, The amount of moisture transmitted by the jets 48 is regulatable by means of the valve 49, as heretofore explained,

so that the conditioning of the air may be 10 governed.

When the device is not used as a heating device, it may well be used for cooling purposes by dispensing with the heat supply and utilizing the' coil 38 for containing a cooling medium or liquid. 15 A separate coil may also be used for cooling. Such coils will keep the water in the boiler cool and the air forced inside the casing 5 and through the nues I6 by the action of the blower will then be cool air.

What I claim is:

1. An apparatus ofA the character described comprising, a water-holding boiler, a combustion chamber contained within and surrounded by the water in the boiler, a plurality of open-ended 25 flues surrounding the outside of the combustion chamber and extending above and below thev boiler, a casing surrounding and spaced from the boiler so that an air passage is provided between the boiler and casing in which the opposite open 30 ends of the nues are located, heat-radiating flns on the boiler extending into the air passage, an outlet pipe leading from said passage, and means for directing an air flow through the ues and through the passage. j

2. In'an vapparatus ofthe character described, three casings situated one within the other, the inner casing constituting a combustion chaxnber,l the 'intermediate' casingcoinstituting"l a' beller and con'taining water which surrounds the inner ca'Sf 40 mamies; in ,the intermediate casing suppprti sa essere# message# were t0v and; th Space Ibe'iiwee'll v the intermediate adj-cuter casing',- the' outer cua ing constituting a jacket'enclosing the' boiler vand 45 being spaced therefrom so. that an air passage is formed between the boiler and the outer casing, the 'ues opening into said air passage and the boiler being provided with fins projecting into said air passage.

3. An apparatus of the character described comprising, a water-holding boiler, a combustion chamber contained within and surrounded by water contained in the boiler, flues secured to and surrounding the combustion chamber and form- 55 ing vertical passages extending about the exterior of said chamber, said nues opening above and below the boiler, a casing surrounding and spaced from the boiler so that an air passage is provided into which the opposite ends of the ilues are located, said passage being situated between the boiler and casing, an outlet pipe leading from the passage, and means for directing an air now through the passage.

4. An apparatus of the character described 65 comprising, three casings situated one within the other and spaced from one another, the innermost casing constituting a combustion chamber,

, the intermediate casing constituting a boiler containing water which surrounds the innermost cas-l 'I0 ing, ilues attached to the innermost casing in heat exchange relation thereto and communicating with the space between the intermediate and outer casing, said ues being closed at their points of connection to the innermost casing, the

outermost casing constituting a jacket enclosing' the boiler and being spaced therefrom to forni an air passage between it and the outer casing, the ues opening into said air passage at points above and below the boiler. l

5. An apparatus of the character described comprising, a water-holding boiler, acombustion chamber contained within the boiler and surrounded by water contained therein, ues secured to and projecting from the combustion chamber and forming vertical passages extending about the exterior of said chamber, the ues being ,closed to the combustion chamber at the points of connection therewith, said fiues having open ends situated above and below the boiler, a casing surrounding and spaced from the boiler so that an air passage is provided into which the open ends of the ues are located, and means for di-I recting an air ow through the passage.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, an outer casing, a boiler contained within and spaced from said casing, a combustion chamber located within the boiler, said combustion chamber provided with a plurality of ues, said chamber passing through and secured to the ues, said ues surrounding the outside of the combustion chamber and having opposite open ends communicating with the space between the boiler and the outer casing at points above and below the boiler.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, an outer casing, a boiler contained within and 1o spaced from the outer casing, a combustion chamber located within the boiler, a plurality of 'ues through which the combustion chamber transversely passes, said ues having their opposite ends communicating with the space between 15 the boiler and the outer casing at points above and below the boiler, an outlet leading from the space between the boiler and the'outer casing, and means for forcing air through the flues and through the space between the boiler and outer ,20 casing toward the outlet.

LEOPOLD LITHMAN.

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