US20200309801A1 - Sample measurement device and sample measurement method - Google Patents
Sample measurement device and sample measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- US20200309801A1 US20200309801A1 US16/824,198 US202016824198A US2020309801A1 US 20200309801 A1 US20200309801 A1 US 20200309801A1 US 202016824198 A US202016824198 A US 202016824198A US 2020309801 A1 US2020309801 A1 US 2020309801A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sample measurement device and a sample measurement method for measuring a sample.
- a device for performing both biochemical measurement and blood coagulation measurement has been known, for example, as a device for analyzing an amount of components contained in a sample such as blood or urine.
- an automatic analyzer 500 disclosed in US 2015104351 as shown in FIG. 14 , when a biochemical measurement is performed, a sample is dispensed from a sample container 503 to a reaction cell 502 housed in a rotatable reaction disk 501 , and then, a predetermined amount of reagent is dispensed from a first reagent disk 508 to the reaction cell 502 , and the sample and the reagent are stirred. The absorbance of the sample and the reagent in the reaction cell 502 is measured each time the sample and the reagent cross in front of a photometer 504 during the rotating operation of the reaction disk 501 .
- a sample is dispensed from the sample container 503 to a reaction container 507 , and the sample is heated to 37° C. in the reaction container 507 .
- a reagent for measuring blood coagulation time is dispensed from a second reagent disk 509 into the vacant reaction cell 502 by rotating the reaction disk 501 , and the temperature of the reagent is raised.
- the reaction cell 502 is located at a blood coagulation reagent suction position, and the reagent is sucked by a dispensing mechanism 506 and discharged to the reaction container 507 .
- the sample and the reagent are stirred by a spurt of the reagent being discharged, and the measurement of the blood coagulation time starts.
- the automatic analyzer 500 is controlled such that T1 is a multiple of n (n is a natural number) of T2.
- n 2 or more, for example, the timing for starting the blood coagulation measurement always overlaps with the timing for starting the biochemical analysis.
- n 2 or more, for example, the timing for starting the blood coagulation measurement always overlaps with the timing for starting the biochemical analysis.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to a sample measurement device for measuring a sample.
- a sample measurement device ( 100 ) includes a first processing unit ( 61 ) that performs a first measurement on a sample contained in a first container ( 21 ) in a first cycle; a second processing unit ( 62 ) that performs a second measurement on a sample contained in a second container ( 21 ) in a second cycle different from the first cycle; and a relay section ( 201 ) which is disposed between the first processing unit ( 61 ) and the second processing unit ( 62 ) and in which the second container ( 21 ) is positioned.
- the first processing unit ( 61 ) performs a transferring operation of transferring the second container ( 21 ) to the relay section ( 201 ), and the second processing unit ( 62 ) performs a receiving operation of receiving the second container ( 21 ), from the relay section ( 201 ), that has been transferred to the relay section ( 201 ).
- DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation
- a measurement result regarding a blood coagulation test can be diagnosed by combining a measurement result regarding a blood coagulation test and a measurement result regarding an immunological test.
- diagnosis of DIC is made on the basis of the coagulation time obtained from the measurement result regarding the blood coagulation test, and PIC, TAT, etc., obtained from the measurement result regarding the immunological test.
- a measurement related to the blood coagulation test is performed as the first measurement
- a measurement related to the immunological test is performed as the second measurement
- the measurement results of these measurements are combined.
- an appropriate measurement can be performed.
- the first measurement and the second measurement having different measurement cycles are performed by a single device.
- the first processing unit transfers the second container containing a sample to the relay section at an arbitrary timing
- the second processing unit receives the second container from the relay section at an arbitrary timing. Accordingly, even if the measurement cycles are different between the first processing unit and the second processing unit, the first processing unit and the second processing unit can transfer the second container to the relay section or receive the second container from the relay section at a preferable timing for the respective processing units without being affected by each other's operating statuses. Therefore, the first measurement and the second measurement can be performed smoothly and quickly without performing complicated control.
- the first cycle and the second cycle described above indicate the time required for measuring the sample.
- the time required for measuring the sample is the total time required for each step included in one measurement. For example, if the first measurement includes a step of dispensing a reagent to the sample, a step of stirring the sample, a step of heating the sample, a step of centrifugation, and a step of performing a measurement for a predetermined measurement item, the first cycle in the first measurement indicates a time required to complete these five steps.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may be configured such that the relay section ( 201 ) includes a detector ( 80 , 81 ) for detecting the second container ( 21 ).
- the first processing unit can position the second container in the relay section, and the second processing unit can receive the second container from the relay section, after the presence or absence of the second container in the relay section is accurately recognized.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may further include a management device ( 64 ) capable of communicating with the first processing unit ( 61 ) and the second processing unit ( 62 ), and may be configured such that the management device ( 64 ) transmits, to the first processing unit ( 61 ), a first signal indicating that the second container ( 21 ) is transferable to the relay section ( 201 ) on the basis of the detection result of the detector ( 80 , 81 ), and the first processing unit ( 61 ) executes the transferring operation when receiving the first signal.
- a management device ( 64 ) capable of communicating with the first processing unit ( 61 ) and the second processing unit ( 62 ), and may be configured such that the management device ( 64 ) transmits, to the first processing unit ( 61 ), a first signal indicating that the second container ( 21 ) is transferable to the relay section ( 201 ) on the basis of the detection result of the detector ( 80 , 81 ), and the first processing unit ( 61 ) executes the transferring operation when
- the management device transmits the first signal to the first processing unit on the basis of the detection result of the detector, that is, the detection result of whether the second container is positioned in the relay section.
- the first processing unit receiving the first signal performs the transferring operation of transferring the second container to the relay section. Therefore, the first processing unit can transfer the second container to the relay section at an arbitrary timing regardless of the operating status of the second processing unit.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may be configured such that, when the second container ( 21 ) is detected in the relay section ( 201 ), the second processing unit ( 62 ) executes the receiving operation and transmits, to the management device ( 64 ), a second signal indicating that the second processing unit receives the second container ( 21 ) that has been positioned in the relay section ( 201 ), and the management device ( 64 ) transmits the first signal to the first processing unit ( 61 ) when receiving the second signal.
- the second processing unit performs the receiving operation of receiving the second container from the relay section after it is detected that the second container is positioned in the relay section. Therefore, the second processing unit can receive the second container from the relay section at an arbitrary timing regardless of the operating status of the first processing unit.
- the first processing unit ( 61 ) includes a first transfer section ( 142 ) that transfers the second container ( 21 ) to the relay section ( 201 ), and a first controller ( 61 a ) that controls the first transfer section ( 142 ).
- the second processing unit ( 62 ) includes a second transfer section ( 202 ) that transfers the second container ( 21 ) from the relay section ( 201 ) to a predetermined position, and a second controller ( 62 a ) that controls the second transfer section ( 202 ).
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may be configured such that when the second container ( 21 ) is detected in the relay section ( 201 ), the second controller ( 62 a ) controls the second transfer section ( 202 ) such that the second container ( 21 ) is transferred from the relay section ( 201 ), and transmits the second signal to the management device ( 64 ); the management device ( 64 ) transmits the first signal to the first controller ( 61 a ) when receiving the second signal from the second controller ( 62 a ); and the first controller ( 61 a ) controls the first transfer section ( 142 ) such that the second container ( 21 ) is transferred to the relay section ( 201 ) when receiving the first signal from the management device ( 64 ).
- the fact that the second signal is transmitted from the second controller to the management device means that the second container can be newly positioned in the relay section. Therefore, when the first signal is transmitted from the management device to the first controller, the first controller transfers the second container to the relay section. In this way, the first processing unit and the second processing unit can access the relay section, and receive and transfer the second container containing the sample without being affected by each other's operating statuses.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may be configured such that the relay section ( 201 ) includes a plurality of holding holes ( 201 a ) for holding a plurality of second containers ( 21 ).
- the second containers can be respectively positioned in the plurality of holding holes provided in the relay section. Therefore, even when the second processing unit is performing the second measurement, and has not yet received the second container from the relay section, for example, the first processing unit can position the second container to the vacant holding hole of the relay section. Accordingly, the first processing unit can transfer the second container to the relay section at an arbitrary timing of the first processing unit without being affected by the operating status of the second processing unit.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may be configured such that the second processing unit ( 62 ) includes a holding section ( 210 ) that holds the second container ( 21 ) transferred from the relay section ( 201 ).
- the first processing unit cannot transfer the second container to the relay section until there is a vacant holding hole in the relay section.
- the second container can be stored in the holding section. Therefore, the second processing unit can transfer the second container positioned in the relay section to the holding section at an arbitrary timing, and can prepare a vacant holding hole in the relay section as quickly as possible. Accordingly, the waiting time of the first processing unit until the holding hole of the relay section becomes available is reduced. Thus, the first processing unit can quickly transfer the second container to the relay section.
- the first processing unit can quickly transfer the second container to the relay section, the first processing unit can quickly finish the processing for the second container. Therefore, the first processing unit can quickly start the first measurement on the sample.
- the first measurement is a measurement related to a blood coagulation test
- the second measurement is a measurement related to an immunological test.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may be configured such that the sample to be contained in the first container ( 21 ) is dispensed into the first container ( 21 ) from a sample container ( 10 ) containing the sample is contained, the sample to be contained in the second container ( 21 ) is dispensed from the sample container ( 10 ) from which the sample has been dispensed, and the second container ( 21 ) is transferred to the second processing unit ( 62 ) from the first processing unit ( 61 ) via the relay section ( 201 ).
- the first processing unit and the second processing unit can perform the first measurement and the second measurement on the same sample (same type of the sample collected from the same subject). Therefore, when the sample measurement device according to the present aspect is used for, for example, a disease test, a lot of information can be obtained for the same sample, and by combining the obtained information pieces, a highly reliable test result can be obtained.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may include a dispensing section ( 30 ) for dispensing a sample from the sample container ( 10 ) to the first container ( 21 ) and the second container ( 21 ).
- the sample used in the first processing unit and the second processing unit can be dispensed from the sample container using one dispensing section. Therefore, an increase in size of the device can be prevented.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may be configured such that the sample to be contained in the first container ( 21 ) is dispensed into the first container ( 21 ) from a sample container ( 10 ) containing the sample, the sample to be contained in the second container ( 21 ) is dispensed from the first container ( 21 ) into the second container ( 21 ) in the first processing unit ( 61 ), and the second container ( 21 ) into which the sample has been dispensed is transferred to the second processing unit ( 62 ) via the relay section ( 201 ).
- the sample contained in the first container and the sample contained in the second container are given from the sample contained in the same sample container in two dispensations. Therefore, when the sample is dispensed into the second container after the dispensation of the sample from the sample container into the first container, an occurrence of contamination can be reduced.
- the sample measurement device ( 100 ) may further include a transport unit ( 63 ) for transporting a sample rack ( 101 ) holding a plurality of sample containers ( 10 ), and may be configured such that the plurality of sample containers ( 10 ) held in the sample rack ( 101 ) is transported to the dispensing position of the first processing unit ( 61 ) by the transport unit ( 63 ), and the sample dispensed into the first container ( 21 ) and the second container ( 21 ) in the first processing unit ( 61 ) from each of the plurality of sample containers ( 10 ) at the dispensing position is measured by the first processing unit ( 61 ) and the second processing unit ( 62 ).
- a transport unit ( 63 ) for transporting a sample rack ( 101 ) holding a plurality of sample containers ( 10 ), and may be configured such that the plurality of sample containers ( 10 ) held in the sample rack ( 101 ) is transported to the dispensing position of the first processing unit ( 61 ) by the transport unit ( 63
- the sample is dispensed at one location in the first processing unit, so that the configuration of the device can be simplified.
- a second aspect of the present invention relates to a sample measurement method for measuring a sample.
- a sample measurement method includes performing a first measurement on a sample contained in the first container ( 21 ) in a first cycle in the first processing unit ( 61 ); transferring the second container ( 21 ) containing a sample to the second processing unit ( 62 ) from the first processing unit ( 61 ); and performing a second measurement on the sample contained in the second container ( 21 ) in a second cycle different from the first cycle in the second processing unit ( 62 ).
- the sample measurement method according to the present aspect can provide the same effects as those in the first embodiment.
- the sample measurement method according to the present aspect may be configured to transfer the second container ( 21 ) from the first processing unit ( 61 ) to the second processing unit ( 62 ) via the relay section ( 201 ) which is disposed between the first processing unit ( 61 ) and the second processing unit ( 62 ) and in which the second container ( 21 ) is positioned.
- the sample measurement method may be configured to transmit, to the first processing unit ( 61 ) from the management device ( 64 ) capable of communicating with the first processing unit ( 61 ) and the second processing unit ( 62 ), a first signal indicating that the second container ( 21 ) can be transferred to the relay section ( 201 ), and to transfer the second container ( 21 ) to the relay section ( 201 ) from the first processing unit ( 61 ) when the first processing unit ( 61 ) receives the first signal.
- the sample measurement method may be configured to transmit, to the management device ( 64 ) from the second processing unit ( 62 ), a second signal indicating that the second processing unit ( 62 ) receives the second container ( 21 ) that has been positioned in the relay section ( 201 ), and to transmit the first signal to the first processing unit ( 61 ) from the management device ( 64 ) when the management device ( 64 ) receives the second signal.
- the sample measurement method may be configured to, when the second container ( 21 ) is positioned in the relay section ( 201 ), transfer the second container ( 21 ) from the relay section ( 201 ) to the second processing unit ( 62 ), transmit the second signal to the management device ( 64 ) from the second processing unit ( 62 ), transmit the first signal from the management device ( 64 ) to the first processing unit ( 61 ) when the management device ( 64 ) receives the second signal, and transfer the second container ( 21 ) to the relay section ( 201 ) from the first processing unit ( 61 ) when the first processing unit ( 61 ) receives the first signal.
- the sample measurement method may be configured to dispense the sample into the first container ( 21 ) from the sample container ( 10 ) in the first processing unit ( 61 ), dispense the sample into the second container ( 21 ) from the sample container ( 10 ) in the first processing unit ( 61 ), and transfer the second container ( 21 ) to the second processing unit ( 62 ) from the first processing unit ( 61 ).
- the first measurement may be a measurement related to a blood coagulation test
- the second measurement may be a measurement related to an immunological test.
- the present invention can provide a sample measurement device capable of performing two measurements with one device without requiring complicated control, and a sample measurement method using the sample measurement device.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a sample measurement device according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a first processing unit and a transport unit according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a second processing unit according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a transfer section and a dispensing section according to the first embodiment
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are views schematically showing a configuration of a first measuring section and a second measuring section according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a circuit configuration of the first processing unit according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a circuit configuration of the second processing unit according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a process of the sample measurement device according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 9A is a flowchart showing a process when the second processing unit receives a second container from a relay section in the first embodiment
- FIG. 9B is a flowchart showing a process when the first processing unit transfers the second container to the relay section in the first embodiment
- FIG. 9C is a sequence diagram indicating the processes shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B ;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a sample measurement device according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 11A is a flowchart showing a process involved with transfer and reception of a second container in a relay section in the sample measurement device according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 11B is a sequence diagram indicating the process shown in FIG. 11A ;
- FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a circuit configuration of a first processing unit according to a third embodiment
- FIG. 13 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a second processing unit according to a modification.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic view for describing a configuration according to a related art.
- a sample measurement device 100 is a device that performs a first measurement and a second measurement in parallel.
- various attempts have been made as a technique for examining a disease.
- a plurality of measurement results is combined.
- a disease affecting the subject can be analyzed in more detail in some cases.
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can be appropriately diagnosed by combining a measurement result regarding a blood coagulation test and a measurement result regarding an immunological test.
- the diagnosis of DIC is made on the basis of the coagulation time obtained from the measurement result regarding the blood coagulation test, and PIC, TAT, etc., obtained from the measurement result regarding the immunological test.
- sample measurement device 100 that performs the first measurement related to the blood coagulation test and the second measurement related to the immunological test will be described.
- the sample measurement device 100 includes a first processing unit 61 , a second processing unit 62 , a transport unit 63 , and a management device 64 .
- the first processing unit 61 is communicably connected to the transport unit 63 and the management device 64 .
- the second processing unit 62 is communicably connected to the management device 64 .
- XYZ axes are mutually orthogonal, the X-axis positive direction corresponds to the leftward direction, the Y-axis positive direction corresponds to the rearward direction, and the Z-axis positive direction corresponds to the vertically downward direction. In other figures, the XYZ axes are set similarly to FIG. 1 .
- the sample measurement device 100 measures a sample contained in a sample container 10 .
- the first processing unit 61 includes a dispensing section 30 , a first measuring section 51 , and a first controller 61 a .
- the first measuring section 51 performs a measurement related to a blood coagulation test as a first measurement.
- the dispensing section 30 includes a nozzle 31 and an arm 32 .
- the nozzle 31 is a suction tube configured to be able to suck and discharge a sample.
- the nozzle 31 is provided at an end of the arm 32 , and the arm 32 is configured to be pivotable.
- the dispensing section 30 dispenses the sample from the sample container 10 to a reaction container 21 using the nozzle 31 .
- the first controller 61 a controls each section of the first processing unit 61 .
- the first controller 61 a is composed of, for example, a CPU or a microcomputer.
- the second processing unit 62 includes a second measuring section 52 and a second controller 62 a .
- the second measuring section 52 performs a measurement related to an immunological test as a second measurement.
- the measurement related to the immunological test is a measurement related to a test different from the blood coagulation test.
- the measurement related to the immunological test includes a measurement of an immunological analysis item, a measurement by an immunological reaction, and the like.
- the measurement related to the immunological test indicates a measurement utilizing an antigen-antibody reaction.
- the second controller 62 a controls each section of the second processing unit 62 .
- the second controller 62 a is composed of, for example, a CPU or a microcomputer.
- the transport unit 63 includes a mechanism for transporting the sample container 10 to the first processing unit 61 .
- the management device 64 is composed of, for example, a personal computer.
- the management device 64 includes a controller 64 a .
- the controller 64 a is composed of, for example, a CPU.
- the dispensing section 30 sucks the sample in the sample container 10 through the tip of the nozzle 31 .
- the nozzle 31 is withdrawn from a stopper 11 .
- the dispensing section 30 discharges the sample sucked from the sample container 10 to the reaction container 21 .
- the dispensing section 30 dispenses the sample in the sample container 10 into two new reaction containers 21 . Specifically, the dispensing section 30 repeats twice the dispensing operation of sucking the sample from the sample container 10 and discharging the sucked sample to a new reaction container 21 .
- the sample first dispensed into the reaction container 21 is a sample that is to be measured by the first measuring section 51
- the sample dispensed next into the reaction container 21 is a sample that is to be measured by the second measuring section 52 .
- the reaction container 21 into which the sample is first dispensed is a first container, and the reaction container 21 into which the sample is next dispensed is a second container. That is, the reaction containers 21 containing samples to be respectively measured by the first measuring section 51 and the second measuring section 52 are the first container 21 and the second container 21 .
- the first container 21 and the second container 21 may be the same or different in type.
- the sample contained in the first container 21 is measured by the first measuring section 51 of the first processing unit 61
- the sample contained in the second container 21 is measured by the second measuring section 52 of the second processing unit 62 .
- the reaction container 21 is a so-called cuvette that is a container having an opening at the top.
- the reaction container 21 that is, the first container 21 , is a disposable container used for a measurement in the first measuring section 51 of the first processing unit 61 .
- the first processing unit 61 transfers the reaction container 21 , that is, the first container 21 , into which the sample to be measured by the first measuring section 51 has been dispensed to the first measuring section 51 . At this time, the first processing unit 61 prepares a measurement sample by adding a predetermined reagent to the first container, and transfers the first container 21 containing the measurement sample to the first measuring section 51 .
- the first measuring section 51 irradiates the measurement sample in the first container 21 with light, and measures light transmitted through the measurement sample or light scattered by the measurement sample. Examples of the principle of the measurement by the first measuring section 51 include a coagulation method, a synthetic substrate method, an immunoturbidimetric method, and an agglutination method.
- the first controller 61 a generates measurement data on the basis of the light measured by the first measuring section 51 .
- the first processing unit 61 transports the reaction container 21 , that is, the second container 21 , into which the sample to be measured by the second measuring section 52 has been dispensed to the second processing unit 62 .
- the second container 21 is transferred from the first processing unit 61 to a relay section 201 , then received by the second processing unit 62 from the relay section 201 , and transferred to a predetermined position in the second measuring section 52 .
- the reaction container 21 that is, the second container 21 in which the sample has been dispensed is transferred to the relay section 201 by the first processing unit 61
- the second processing unit 62 receives the second container 21 from the relay section 201 . Then, the second processing unit 62 transfers the second container 21 to a holding section 210 and holds the second container 21 therein.
- the configuration of the relay section 201 , the operation of the first processing unit 61 transferring the second container 21 to the relay section 201 , and the operation of the second processing unit 62 receiving the reaction container 21 from the relay section 201 will be described later in detail.
- the second processing unit 62 transfers the sample in the second container 21 transported from the first processing unit 61 to a reaction container 22 .
- the reaction container 22 is a so-called cuvette that is a container having an opening at the top.
- the reaction container 22 is a disposable container used for the measurement in the second measuring section 52 of the second processing unit 62 .
- the second processing unit 62 prepares a measurement sample by adding a predetermined reagent to the reaction container 22 into which the sample has been dispensed, and transfers the reaction container 22 containing the measurement sample to the second measuring section 52 .
- the second measuring section 52 measures light generated from the measurement sample in the reaction container 22 , that is, chemiluminescence based on a test substance contained in the sample.
- the second controller 62 a generates measurement data on the basis of the light measured by the second measuring section 52 .
- Chemiluminescence is light emitted using the energy caused by a chemical reaction.
- chemiluminescence is light emitted when a molecule is excited by a chemical reaction to be in an excited state and then returns to a ground state.
- the chemiluminescence measured by the second measuring section 52 is light based on chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA). Specifically, it is light generated by a reaction between an enzyme and a substrate.
- CLIA chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay
- Chemiluminescence measured by the second measuring section 52 is, for example, light based on chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA), fluorescent enzyme immunoassay (FEIA), luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay (LOCI), bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay (BLEIA), or the like.
- CLIA chemiluminescent immunoassay
- ELIA electrochemiluminescent immunoassay
- FEIA fluorescent enzyme immunoassay
- LOCI luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay
- BLEIA bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay
- the controller 64 a of the management device 64 performs an analysis on a blood coagulation test on the basis of the measurement data generated by the first processing unit 61 . Specifically, the controller 64 a performs an analysis on analysis items such as PT, APTT, Fbg, extrinsic coagulation factor, intrinsic coagulation factor, coagulation factor XIII, HpT, TTO, FDP, D dimer, PIC, FM, ATIII, Plg, APL, PC, VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, ADP, collagen, or epinephrine.
- analysis items such as PT, APTT, Fbg, extrinsic coagulation factor, intrinsic coagulation factor, coagulation factor XIII, HpT, TTO, FDP, D dimer, PIC, FM, ATIII, Plg, APL, PC, VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, ADP, collagen, or epinephrine.
- the controller 64 a performs an analysis related to an immunological test on the basis of the measurement data generated by the second processing unit 62 . Specifically, the controller 64 a performs an analysis on analysis items such as HBs antigen, HBs antibody, HBc antibody, HBe antigen, HBe antibody, HCV antibody, TP antibody, HTLV antibody, HIV antigen/antibody, TAT, PIC, TM, tPAI ⁇ c, TSH, FT3, or FT4.
- analysis items such as HBs antigen, HBs antibody, HBc antibody, HBe antigen, HBe antibody, HCV antibody, TP antibody, HTLV antibody, HIV antigen/antibody, TAT, PIC, TM, tPAI ⁇ c, TSH, FT3, or FT4.
- the second controller 62 a of the second processing unit 62 transmits a second signal indicating that the receiving operation is completed to the controller 64 a .
- the controller 64 a transmits to the first controller 61 a the first signal indicating that the second container 21 can be transferred to the relay section 201 .
- the configuration of the sample measurement device 100 will be described in detail separately for the first processing unit 61 and the second processing unit 62 .
- the transport unit 63 has a rack setting position 63 a , a rack transport area 63 b , and a rack collecting position 63 c .
- the rack setting position 63 a and the rack collecting position 63 c are connected to the right end and the left end of the rack transport area 63 b , respectively.
- a barcode reader 102 is provided between the rack setting position 63 a and the rack collecting position 63 c .
- An operator places a sample rack 101 on which the sample container 10 is set at the rack setting position 63 a.
- the sample container 10 is, for example, a blood collection tube made of translucent glass or synthetic resin.
- a barcode label (not shown) is attached to the sample container 10 .
- a barcode indicating a sample ID is printed on the barcode label.
- the sample ID is information that can individually identify the sample.
- the transport unit 63 feeds the sample rack 101 installed at the rack setting position 63 a to the right end of the rack transport area 63 b , and further feeds the sample rack 101 to the front of the barcode reader 102 .
- the barcode reader 102 reads the barcode from the barcode label on the sample container 10 and acquires the sample ID.
- the acquired sample ID is transmitted to the management device 64 for acquiring a measurement order for the sample.
- the transport unit 63 transports the sample rack 101 holding the sample container 10 , and sequentially positions the sample container 10 at a sample suction position 103 a .
- the sample suction position 103 a is a position at which the dispensing section 30 sucks a sample.
- the transport unit 63 transports the sample rack 101 to the rack collecting position 63 c.
- the first processing unit 61 includes the dispensing section 30 , a cleaning section 40 , a reaction container table 120 , a reagent table 130 , a heating table 140 , a transfer section 106 , a reagent dispensing sections 161 and 162 , the first measuring section 51 , and a disposal port 107 .
- both the measurement order for performing the measurement related to the blood coagulation test in the first processing unit 61 and the measurement order for performing the measurement related to the immunological test in the second processing unit 62 are set.
- the dispensing section 30 sucks the sample from the sample container 10 positioned at the sample suction position 103 a .
- the dispensing section 30 sucks the sample from the sample container 10 twice and discharges the sucked sample to different reaction containers 21 in the reaction container table 120 , respectively.
- the dispensing section 30 discharges the first sucked sample to the first container 21 as a sample to be subjected to a measurement related to a blood coagulation test, and discharges the next sucked sample to the second container 21 as a sample to be subjected to a measurement related to an immunological test.
- the operation of sucking the sample from the sample container 10 by the dispensing section 30 and the operation of discharging the sample sucked from the sample container 10 to the first container 21 and the second container 21 are performed as described with reference to FIG. 1 .
- the reaction container table 120 has a ring shape in a plan view, and is arranged outside the reagent table 130 .
- the reaction container table 120 is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction.
- the reaction container table 120 has a plurality of holding holes 121 for holding the reaction container 21 .
- a reaction container storage section 151 stores a new reaction container 21 .
- a reaction container supply section 152 takes out the reaction containers 21 one by one from the reaction container storage section 151 , and supplies the reaction container 21 taken out from the reaction container storage section 151 to a holding position by the transfer section 105 .
- the transfer section 105 holds the reaction container 21 supplied to the holding position by the reaction container supply section 152 , and sets the reaction container 21 in the holding hole 121 of the reaction container table 120 .
- the reaction container storage section 151 has a plurality of storage sections (not shown), and the reaction containers 21 are stored in the respective storage sections.
- the cleaning section 40 is a vessel for cleaning the nozzle 31 .
- the nozzle 31 is cleaned in the cleaning section 40 .
- the heating table 140 includes a plurality of holding holes 141 for holding the reaction container 21 and a transfer section 142 for transferring the reaction container 21 .
- the heating table 140 has a circular shape in a plan view, and is configured to be rotatable in a circumferential direction. The heating table 140 heats the reaction container 21 set in the holding hole 141 to 37° C.
- the reaction container table 120 When the sample from the sample container 10 is discharged to the new reaction container 21 held in the reaction container table 120 , the reaction container table 120 is rotated, and the reaction container 21 , that is, the first container 21 , is transferred to the vicinity of the heating table 140 . Then, the transfer section 142 of the heating table 140 holds and sets the transferred first container 21 in the holding hole 141 of the heating table 140 .
- the reaction container table 120 is rotated, and the reaction container 21 is transferred to the vicinity of the heating table 140 .
- This reaction container 21 is the second container 21 .
- the transfer section 142 of the heating table 140 holds and transports the second container 21 to the relay section 201 described later with reference to FIG. 3 . That is, the second container 21 is transferred to the relay section 201 provided in the second processing unit 62 from the inside of the first processing unit 61 by the transfer section 142 .
- the reagent table 130 is configured so that a plurality of reagent containers 131 containing reagents used for measurement related to a blood coagulation test can be installed.
- the reagent table 130 is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction.
- the reagent dispensing sections 161 and 162 dispense the reagent into the reaction container 21 heated by the heating table 140 .
- the type of the reagent contained in the reagent container 131 differs depending on the measurement item. For example, when the time for blood to coagulate is measured, the prothrombin time (PT) of plasma is measured. In that case, Revohem (registered trademark) PT manufactured by Sysmex Corporation is used as the reagent.
- PT prothrombin time
- the transfer section 142 of the heating table 140 takes out the reaction container 21 from the holding hole 141 of the heating table 140 and places this reaction container 21 at a predetermined position. Then, the reagent dispensing section 161 or the reagent dispensing section 162 sucks Revohem (registered trademark) PT from the reagent container 131 and discharges the sucked Revohem (registered trademark) PT to the reaction container 21 . Thus, Revohem (registered trademark) PT is mixed with the sample. After that, the transfer section 106 sets the reaction container 21 in the holding hole 51 a of the first measuring section 51 .
- the prothrombin time (PT) of the plasma described above is measured using a one-reagent system.
- the D-D dimer in plasma or serum is measured using a two-reagent system.
- Lias Auto (registered trademark) D-dimer neo manufactured by Sysmex Corporation is used as a reagent.
- the transfer section 142 of the heating table 140 takes out the reaction container 21 , that is, the first container 21 , from the holding hole 141 of the heating table 140 , and positions this reaction container 21 at a predetermined position. Then, the reagent dispensing section 161 or the reagent dispensing section 162 sucks a D-dimer buffer (DDR1) from the reagent container 131 as a first reagent, and discharges the sucked D-dimer buffer (DDR1) to the reaction container 21 . In this way, the D-dimer buffer (DDR1) is mixed with the sample. Thereafter, the transfer section 142 sets the reaction container 21 again in the holding hole 141 of the heating table 140 .
- DDR1 D-dimer buffer
- a D-dimer latex liquid (DDR2) is dispensed into the first container 21 as a second reagent.
- the transfer section 106 takes out the first container 21 from the holding hole 141 of the heating table 140 and positions this first container 21 at a predetermined position.
- the reagent dispensing section 161 or the reagent dispensing section 162 sucks a D-dimer latex liquid (DDR2) from the reagent container 131 , and discharges the sucked D-dimer latex liquid (DDR2) to the first container 21 .
- the D-dimer latex liquid (DDR2) is mixed with the sample, and a measurement sample is prepared.
- the transfer section 106 sets the first container 21 in the holding hole 51 a of the first measuring section 51 .
- the measurement sample prepared by adding the reagent is set in the plurality of holding holes 51 a of the first measuring section 51 .
- the first measuring section 51 irradiates the first container 21 set in the holding hole 51 a with light, and measures light transmitted through the measurement sample or light scattered by the measurement sample.
- the first container 21 is discarded into the disposal port 107 by the transfer section 106 .
- the second processing unit 62 includes the relay section 201 , a transfer section 202 , a holding section 210 , a delivery section 220 , a storage section 203 , a reaction container rack 204 , a reagent table 230 , a cleaning tank 205 , a heating section 240 , a reagent dispensing section 250 , a reagent storage section 260 , a storage section 271 , a transfer section 272 , a disposal port 273 , and a second measuring section 52 .
- the relay section 201 is provided within the second processing unit 62 .
- the relay section 201 includes a holding hole 201 a for receiving the reaction container 21 , that is, the second container 21 .
- the reaction container 21 that is, the second container 21 , is taken out from the holding hole 121 of the reaction container table 120 , transported to the relay section 201 , and set in the holding hole 201 a by the transfer section 142 of the first processing unit 61 .
- the relay section 201 includes a light emitter 80 and a light receiver 81 .
- the light emitter 80 and the light receiver 81 constitute a detector 201 b which will be described later with reference to FIG. 7 .
- the light emitter 80 and the light receiver 81 are arranged to face each other with the holding hole 201 a interposed therebetween. Light emitted from the light emitter 80 is received by the light receiver 81 .
- the second container 21 When the second container 21 is positioned in the holding hole 201 a of the relay section 201 , light emitted from the light emitter 80 is blocked by the second container 21 and is not received by the light receiver 81 . On the other hand, when the second container 21 is not positioned in the holding hole 201 a , light from the light emitter 80 is received by the light receiver 81 . In this way, the presence or absence of the second container 21 in the relay section 201 can be determined on the basis of whether or not the light receiver 81 receives light emitted from the light emitter 80 .
- the holding section 210 includes a plurality of holding holes 211 .
- the holding section 210 has a circular shape in a plan view, and is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction.
- the second container 21 positioned in the relay section 201 is transferred to the holding section 210 and is set in the holding hole 211 by the transfer section 202 . In this way, the second container 21 is set in the holding section 210 from the first processing unit 61 via the relay section 201 .
- the second processing unit 62 further includes a transfer section 310 and a dispensing section 320 illustrated in FIG. 4 in addition to the sections illustrated in FIG. 3 .
- the transfer section 310 is installed on a wall surface inside the first processing unit 61 parallel to the YZ plane, and the dispensing section 320 is installed on the ceiling surface of the second processing unit 62 .
- the transfer section 310 includes a front-rear transfer part 311 , a horizontal transfer part 312 , a vertical transfer part 313 , a support member 314 , and a holding part 315 .
- the front-rear transfer part 311 transfers the horizontal transfer part 312 in the Y-axis direction along a rail 311 a extending in the Y-axis direction by driving a stepping motor.
- the horizontal transfer part 312 transfers the vertical transfer part 313 in the X-axis direction along a rail 312 a extending in the X-axis direction by driving a stepping motor.
- the vertical transfer part 313 transfers the support member 314 in the Z-axis direction along a rail 313 a extending in the Z-axis direction by driving a stepping motor.
- the holding part 315 is provided on the support member 314 .
- the holding part 315 is configured to be able to hold the second container 21 and the reaction container 22 .
- the transfer section 310 transfers the holding part 315 in the X-, Y-, and Z-axis directions in the first processing unit 61 by driving the front-rear transfer part 311 , the horizontal transfer part 312 , and the vertical transfer part 313 .
- the second container 21 and the reaction container 22 can be transferred in the second processing unit 62 .
- the dispensing section 320 includes a front-rear transfer part 321 , a vertical transfer part 322 , support members 323 and 324 , and nozzles 325 and 326 .
- the front-rear transfer part 321 transfers the vertical transfer part 322 in the Y-axis direction along a rail 321 a extending in the Y-axis direction by driving a stepping motor.
- the vertical transfer part 322 moves the support member 323 in the Z-axis direction along a rail 322 a extending in the Z-axis direction, and to move the support member 324 in the Z-axis direction along a rail 322 b extending in the Z-axis direction, by driving a stepping motor.
- the nozzles 325 and 326 are installed on support members 323 and 324 , respectively, so as to be adjacent to each other in the Y-axis direction.
- the nozzles 325 and 326 extend in the Z-axis direction, and the tips of the nozzles 325 and 326 are directed in the Z-axis positive direction.
- the nozzle 325 is used for dispensing a sample
- the nozzle 326 is used for dispensing a reagent.
- the delivery section 220 includes three holding holes 221 .
- the delivery section 220 has a circular shape in a plan view, and is configured to be rotatable in a circumferential direction.
- the delivery section 220 is rotated in the circumferential direction, and the second container 21 is positioned at a sample suction position 222 .
- the reaction container rack 204 stores 30 new reaction containers 22 .
- the storage section 203 includes a holding hole 203 a for holding the reaction container 22 .
- the transfer section 310 takes out the reaction container 22 from the reaction container rack 204 and sets it in the holding hole 203 a . Then, the dispensing section 320 sucks the sample in the reaction container 21 positioned at the sample suction position 222 using the nozzle 325 , and discharges the sucked sample to the reaction container 22 set in the holding hole 203 a . Thus, the sample is transferred from the second container 21 to the reaction container 22 . After the sample is transferred, the nozzle 325 is cleaned in the cleaning tank 205 . The second container 21 from which the sample has been completely transferred is discarded into the disposal port 273 by the transfer section 272 .
- the reagent table 230 is configured such that reagent containers 231 to 233 containing reagents used for the measurement related to the immunological test can be installed.
- the reagent table 230 is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction.
- the reagent container 231 contains an R1 reagent
- the reagent container 232 contains an R2 reagent
- the reagent container 233 contains an R3 reagent.
- the transfer section 310 takes out the reaction container 22 containing the sample from the holding hole 203 a and positions this reaction container 22 above the cleaning tank 205 .
- the dispensing section 320 sucks the R1 reagent from the reagent container 231 positioned at a reagent suction position 223 using the nozzle 326 , and discharges the sucked R1 reagent into the reaction container 22 positioned above the cleaning tank 205 .
- the nozzle 326 is cleaned in the cleaning tank 205 .
- the heating section 240 includes a plurality of holding holes 241 for heating the reaction container 22 .
- the transfer section 310 sets the reaction container 22 into which the R1 reagent has been discharged into the holding hole 241 of the heating section 240 . After the reaction container 22 is heated by the heating section 240 for a predetermined time, the transfer section 310 takes out the reaction container 22 from the holding hole 241 and positions this reaction container 22 above the cleaning tank 205 .
- the dispensing section 320 sucks the R2 reagent from the reagent container 232 positioned at the reagent suction position 223 using the nozzle 326 , and discharges the sucked R2 reagent into the reaction container 22 positioned above the cleaning tank 205 .
- the nozzle 326 is cleaned in the cleaning tank 205 .
- the transfer section 310 places the reaction container 22 into which the R2 reagent has been discharged into the holding hole 241 of the heating section 240 .
- the heating section 240 heats the reaction container 22 for a predetermined time.
- the R1 reagent contains a capturing substance that binds to the test substance, and the R2 reagent contains magnetic particles.
- the test substance which is contained in the second container, within the reaction container 22 binds to the magnetic particles via the capturing substance by the antigen-antibody reaction.
- a complex in which the test substance and the magnetic particles are bound is generated.
- the transfer section 310 positions the reaction container 22 into which the R2 reagent has been discharged and which has been heated to a location above the cleaning tank 205 .
- the dispensing section 320 sucks the R3 reagent from the reagent container 233 positioned at the reagent suction position 223 using the nozzle 326 , and discharges the sucked R3 reagent into the reaction container 22 positioned above the cleaning tank 205 .
- the transfer section 310 sets the reaction container 22 into which the R3 reagent has been discharged into the holding hole 241 of the heating section 240 .
- the heating section 240 heats the reaction container 22 for a predetermined time.
- the R3 reagent includes a labeled antibody which uses an antibody as a capturing substance.
- a complex in which the test substance, the capturing antibody, the magnetic particles, and the labeled antibody are bound is generated.
- the transfer section 310 positions the reaction container 22 directly below a nozzle 251 of the reagent dispensing section 250 .
- the reagent dispensing section 250 includes the nozzle 251 for discharging an R4 reagent, and a nozzle 252 for discharging an R5 reagent.
- the reagent dispensing section 250 also includes a mechanism for moving the nozzles 251 and 252 in the Z-axis direction.
- the reagent dispensing section 250 discharges the R4 reagent into the reaction container 22 through the nozzle 251 .
- the transfer section 310 positions the reaction container 22 into which the R4 reagent has been discharged directly below the nozzle 252 .
- the reagent dispensing section 250 discharges the R5 reagent into the reaction container 22 through the nozzle 252 .
- the R4 reagent and the R5 reagent are contained in reagent containers 261 and 262 , respectively, which are installed in the reagent storage section 260 , and the nozzles 251 and 252 are connected to the reagent containers 261 and 262 , respectively, by a flow path (not shown).
- the R4 reagent is a reagent for dispersing the complex in the reaction container 22 .
- the R5 reagent is a reagent containing a luminescent substrate that generates light by reaction with the labeled antibody bound to the complex.
- chemiluminescence is generated by the reaction between the labeled antibody bound to the complex and the luminescent substrate.
- the transfer section 310 places the reaction container 22 into which the R5 reagent has been discharged into the holding hole 241 of the heating section 240 . After the reaction container 22 is heated by the heating section 240 for a predetermined time, the transfer section 310 takes out the reaction container 22 from the holding hole 241 and sets it into a holding hole 271 a formed in the storage section 271 .
- the second measuring section 52 includes a lid 52 a and a holding hole 52 b .
- the lid 52 a is configured to be openable and closable above the holding hole 52 b .
- the transfer section 272 takes out the reaction container 22 from the holding hole 271 a and sets it in the holding hole 52 b of the second measuring section 52 .
- the lid 52 a is closed, and light generated from the measurement sample in the reaction container 22 is measured in the holding hole 52 b .
- the reaction container 22 is discarded into the disposal port 273 by the transfer section 272 .
- the first measuring section 51 that performs a measurement related to a blood coagulation test includes a light source part 411 and a light receiving part 412 in addition to the above-described holding holes 51 a .
- FIG. 5A shows the periphery of one holding hole 51 a among the plurality of holding holes 51 a.
- the light source part 411 includes a semiconductor laser light source.
- the light source part 411 emits light beams of different wavelengths.
- the light source part 411 irradiates the first container 21 set in each holding hole 51 a with light.
- the light receiving part 412 which is composed of a photodetector is provided for each holding hole 51 a .
- the light receiving part 412 includes a phototube, a photodiode, and the like.
- the light receiving part 412 receives transmitted light or scattered light and outputs an electric signal corresponding to the amount of received light.
- the first controller 61 a generates measurement data used for an analysis related to a blood coagulation test on the basis of the electric signal output from the light receiving part 412 .
- the second measuring section 52 that performs a measurement related to the immunological test includes a light receiving part 421 in addition to the above-described holding hole 52 b .
- FIG. 5B shows the periphery of the holding hole 52 b.
- the light receiving part 421 is composed of a photodetector capable of counting photons. Specifically, the light receiving part 421 includes a photomultiplier tube. When the light receiving part 421 includes a photomultiplier tube capable of counting photons, the second measuring section 52 can perform highly sensitive and highly accurate measurement.
- the light receiving part 421 receives the chemiluminescence and outputs a pulse waveform corresponding to the received photons.
- the second measuring section 52 counts photons at regular intervals on the basis of the output signal of the light receiving part 421 and outputs a count value by a circuit provided therein.
- the second controller 62 a generates measurement data used for an analysis related to an immunological test on the basis of the count value output from the second measuring section 52 .
- the first processing unit 61 includes, as the configuration of a circuit section, the first controller 61 a , a memory section 61 b , the barcode reader 102 , the dispensing section 30 , the cleaning section 40 , the reaction container table 120 , the reagent table 130 , the heating table 140 , the reaction container storage section 151 , the reaction container supply section 152 , the transfer sections 105 and 106 , the reagent dispensing sections 161 and 162 , and the first measuring section 51 .
- the first controller 61 a controls each section in the first processing unit 61 and the transport unit 63 according to a program stored in the memory section 61 b .
- the memory section 61 b includes a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk, and the like.
- the first controller 61 a is configured to be able to communicate with the transport unit 63 and the controller 64 a of the management device 64 .
- the second processing unit 62 includes, as a configuration of a circuit section, the second controller 62 a , a memory section 62 b , the cleaning section 62 c , the relay section 201 , the transfer sections 202 and 272 , the holding section 210 , the delivery section 220 , the reagent table 230 , the heating section 240 , the reagent dispensing section 250 , the reagent storage section 260 , the second measuring section 52 , the transfer section 310 , and the dispensing section 320 .
- the second controller 62 a controls each section in the second processing unit 62 according to a program stored in the memory section 62 b .
- the memory section 62 b includes a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk, and the like.
- the cleaning tank 205 described with reference to FIG. 3 , the flow path and the mechanism for flowing the cleaning liquid through the cleaning tank 205 and the nozzles 325 and 326 are included in the cleaning section 62 c.
- the relay section 201 includes the detector 201 b .
- the detector 201 b detects that the reaction container 21 is positioned in the relay section 201 .
- the detector 201 b includes the light emitter 80 and the light receiver 81 .
- the processing of the sample measurement device 100 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 .
- the following description starts from the activation of the sample measurement device 100 .
- the second container 21 is not positioned in the relay section 201 , and the holding hole 201 a is vacant.
- the first controller 61 a drives the dispensing section 30 and the cleaning section 40 to clean the nozzle 31 of the dispensing section 30 in step S 11 .
- the first controller 61 a drives the transport unit 63 to transport the sample container 10 to the front of the barcode reader 102 , and drives the barcode reader 102 to acquire the sample ID from the barcode label of the sample container 10 .
- the first controller 61 a makes an inquiry about the measurement order to the controller 64 a on the basis of the sample ID acquired in step S 12 .
- step S 14 the controller 64 a allocates the measurement order corresponding to the sample ID inquired by the first controller 61 a to the first controller 61 a and the second controller 62 a .
- the controller 64 a allocates combined information of the sample ID and the measurement order of the second measurement to the second controller 62 a .
- the allocated information is stored in the memory section 62 b.
- the controller 64 a allocates combined information of the sample ID inquired by the first controller 61 a and the measurement order to the first controller 61 a .
- the measurement order allocated to the first controller 61 a includes the measurement order of the second measurement.
- the allocated information is stored in the memory section 61 b.
- step S 15 the first controller 61 a drives the transport unit 63 to position the sample container 10 at the sample suction position 103 a.
- step S 16 the controller 64 a determines whether a measurement order related to the blood coagulation test as the first measurement has been set for the sample ID associated with the sample container 10 at the sample suction position 103 a.
- step S 17 when the measurement order related to the blood coagulation test is set for the sample ID associated with the sample container 10 , the controller 64 a causes the first controller 61 a to drive the dispensing section 30 to suck the sample in the sample container 10 and to discharge the sucked sample into a new reaction container 21 , that is, the first container 21 , held in the reaction container table 120 .
- the sample dispensed in step S 17 is a sample used for the measurement of a blood coagulation test, and is a sample stored in the first container 21 as described above.
- the controller 64 a controls the first controller 61 a such that the first measurement is performed on the first sample by the first measuring section 51 .
- the processes in steps S 17 and S 18 are skipped.
- step S 19 the controller 64 a determines whether a measurement order related to an immunological test as the second measurement has been set for the sample ID associated with the sample container 10 at the sample suction position 103 a.
- the controller 64 a causes the first controller 61 a to drive the dispensing section 30 to suck the sample in the sample container 10 and to discharge the sucked sample into a new reaction container 21 , that is, the second container 21 , held in the reaction container table 120 in step S 20 .
- the sample dispensed in step S 20 is a sample used for the measurement of the immunological test, and is a sample stored in the second container 21 as described above.
- step S 21 the controller 64 a controls the second controller 62 a such that the second measurement is performed on the sample contained in the second container 21 by the second measuring section 52 .
- the processes in steps S 20 and S 21 are skipped.
- step S 11 the first controller 61 a cleans the nozzle 31 of the dispensing section 30 . After that, the first controller 61 a performs the processes in steps S 12 to S 21 on the subsequent sample container 10 .
- the second measurement in the above step S 21 includes a process of transferring the second container 21 containing the sample to the relay section 201 from the first processing unit 61 , and receiving the second container 21 from the relay section 201 by the second processing unit 62 as described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .
- the transfer of the second container 21 from the first processing unit 61 to the second processing unit 62 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 9A to 9C .
- the first controller 61 a drives the transfer section 142 to transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 .
- This second container stores the sample dispensed from the sample container 10 in step S 19 in FIG. 8 .
- the second container 21 is transferred to the relay section 201 , that is, when the second container 21 is positioned in the holding hole 201 a of the relay section 201 , light from the light emitter 80 is blocked by the second container 21 . Therefore, the light from the light emitter 80 is not received by the light receiver 81 .
- the light receiver 81 outputs to the second controller 62 a a signal indicating that the light from the light emitter 80 is not received.
- This signal indicates that the second container 21 is positioned in the relay section 201 .
- the light receiver 81 transmits this signal to the second controller 62 a .
- the situation in which the second container 21 is positioned in the relay section 201 is transmitted to the second controller 62 a.
- the second controller 62 a drives the transfer section 202 at an arbitrary timing to execute the receiving operation of receiving the second container 21 from the relay section 201 in step S 102 . Then, the second controller 62 a transfers the second container 21 to the holding section 210 . That is, the second container 21 is set in the predetermined holding hole 211 of the holding section 210 . Thus, the reception of the second container 21 by the second processing unit 62 is completed.
- step S 103 the second controller 62 a transmits the second signal indicating that the reception of the second container 21 from the relay section 201 has been completed to the controller 64 a .
- step S 14 in FIG. 8 the combined information of the sample ID and the measurement order is allocated by the controller 64 a and sorted in the memory section 62 b .
- the second processing unit 62 knows the sample ID and the measurement order of the sample contained in the second container 21 to be transported to the second processing unit 62 . Therefore, when transmitting the second signal to the controller 64 a , the second controller 62 a also transmits the information about the sample ID of the sample contained in the received second container 21 and the measurement order. Accordingly, the controller 64 a causes a memory section 64 b to store information indicating that the second container 21 has been transported to the second processing unit 62 .
- step S 103 in FIG. 9A the fact that the second signal is transmitted from the second controller 62 a to the controller 64 a means that the holding hole 201 a of the relay section 201 is vacant. Therefore, it is possible to transfer the new second container 21 from the first processing unit 61 to the relay section 201 .
- the controller 64 a transmits to the first controller 61 a the first signal indicating that the second container 21 can be transferred to the relay section 201 in step S 201 .
- step S 202 when the first signal is transmitted from the controller 64 a , the first controller 61 a drives the transfer section 142 at an arbitrary timing to position the second container 21 in the relay section 201 .
- FIG. 9C is a sequence diagram showing the processes in the first processing unit 61 and the second processing unit 62 described with reference to FIGS. 9A and 9B .
- the detector 201 b transmits a signal indicating that the second container 21 is positioned in the relay section 201 to the second controller 62 a (S 101 ).
- the second controller 62 a performs a receiving operation of receiving the second container 21 from the relay section 201 by driving the transfer section 202 , and transfers the second container 21 to the holding section 210 (S 102 ).
- the second controller 62 a transmits, to the controller 64 a , the second signal indicating that the second container 21 has been received from the relay section 201 together with the information regarding the sample (S 103 ).
- the controller 64 a When receiving the second signal, the controller 64 a transmits to the first controller 61 a the first signal indicating that the second container 21 can be transferred to the relay section 201 (S 201 ). When receiving the first signal, the first controller 61 a executes the transferring operation of transferring the second container 21 containing the sample to the relay section 201 by driving the transfer section 142 (S 202 ).
- the second container 21 is transferred from the first processing unit 61 to the second processing unit 62 via the relay section 201 .
- the second container 21 to be subjected to the second measurement is transported from the first processing unit 61 to the second processing unit 62 via the relay section 201 . Accordingly, the first processing unit 61 and the second processing unit 62 can transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 and receive the reaction container 21 from the relay section at a preferable timing for the respective processing units without being affected by each other's operating statuses.
- the second container 21 can be transferred from the first processing unit 61 to the second processing unit 62 even if first and second measurement cycles are different from each other.
- the “measurement cycle” indicates a time required for measuring a sample.
- the measurement cycle is the total time required for each step included in one measurement. For example, if the first measurement includes a step of dispensing a reagent to the sample, a step of stirring the sample, a step of heating the sample, a step of centrifugation, and a step of performing a measurement for a predetermined measurement item, the first cycle in the first measurement indicates a time required to complete these five steps.
- the first processing unit 61 can transfer the second container 21 to the second processing unit 62 every 40 seconds.
- the second processing unit 62 cannot receive the second container 21 until after 320 seconds. Therefore, in a case where the relay section 201 is not provided in the sample measurement device 100 , the first processing unit 61 needs to be configured to transfer the second container 21 to the second processing unit 62 after waiting for 270 seconds. That is, it is necessary to synchronize the operations of the first processing unit 61 and the second processing unit 62 .
- the sample measurement device 100 includes the relay section 201 , and thus, the first processing unit 61 and the second processing unit 62 can transfer and receive the reaction container 21 to and from the relay section 201 at an arbitrary timing. Therefore, there is no need to perform synchronous control of the first processing unit 61 and the second processing unit 62 . Accordingly, the control of the sample measurement device 100 is not complicated.
- the time required for one measurement in the first processing unit 61 and the time required for one measurement in the second processing unit 62 may be the same.
- the sample to be subjected to the second measurement is dispensed into the second container 21 by the dispensing section 30 disposed in the first processing unit 61 .
- the dispensing section 30 is shared, whereby an increase in size of the sample measurement device 100 can be prevented.
- the second processing unit 62 includes the holding section 210 that stores the second container 21 positioned in the relay section 201 .
- the holding section 210 is provided with a plurality of holding holes 211 .
- the relay section 201 can be emptied by transferring the second container 21 from the relay section 201 to the holding section 210 .
- the first processing unit 61 can transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 at an arbitrary timing.
- the second controller 62 a transmits information indicating that “the holding section 210 is full” to the controller 64 a . Then, the controller 64 a transmits to the first controller 61 a information indicating that “transfer of the second container 21 to the second processing unit 62 is stopped”. Thus, the transfer of the second container 21 from the first processing unit 61 to the second processing unit 62 is temporarily stopped.
- the second controller 62 a transmits information indicating that “the holding section 210 can store the second container 21 ” to the controller 64 a . Then, the controller 64 a transmits to the first controller 61 a information indicating that “transfer of the second container 21 to the second processing unit 62 is possible”.
- the information regarding the holding section 210 is exchanged between the second processing unit 62 and the first processing unit 61 via the controller 64 a .
- the information regarding the holding section 210 can be directly exchanged between the second controller 62 a and the first controller 61 a without the intervention of the controller 64 a.
- step S 103 in FIGS. 9A to 9C the second controller 62 a transmits the second signal indicating that the second container 21 has been received from the relay section 201 to the controller 64 a , and also transmits the combined information of the sample ID of the sample contained in the received second container 21 and the measurement order to the controller 64 a .
- the controller 64 a stores the combination of each sample ID and the measurement order corresponding to each sample ID in the memory section 61 b .
- the controller 64 a is not particularly notified of the information indicating that the second container 21 is transported from the first processing unit 61 to the second processing unit 62 via the relay section 201 . Therefore, the controller 64 a does not recognize what kind of sample is being processed by the second processing unit 62 .
- the second controller 62 a transmits to the controller 64 a the combined information of the sample ID of the sample contained in the received second container 21 and the measurement order at the timing of transmitting the second signal to the controller 64 a .
- the controller 64 a can recognize that the sample to be measured is being supplied for the measurement without delay.
- the controller 64 a determines whether the order of the first measurement is set for the sample ID, and dispenses the sample and performs the first measurement on the sample by controlling the first controller 61 a . These steps may be performed by the first controller 61 a.
- step S 16 the first controller 61 a determines whether the measurement order of the first measurement for the sample ID is set on the basis of the combined information of the sample ID and the measurement order acquired in steps S 13 and S 14 .
- the first controller 61 a causes the dispensing section 30 to discharge the sample to the second container 21 in step S 17 . Then, the first controller 61 a performs the first measurement based on the sample by the first measuring section 51 .
- the second controller 62 a determines whether the measurement order of the second measurement for the sample ID is set on the basis of the combined information of the sample ID and the measurement order acquired in steps S 13 and S 14 .
- the first controller 61 a causes the dispensing section 30 to discharge the sample to be subjected to the second measurement to the second container 21 in step S 20 .
- a sample measurement device 100 transfers and receives the second container 21 between the first controller 61 a and the second controller 62 a via the relay section 201 without the intervention of the controller 64 a of the management device 64 .
- Steps S 1 to S 21 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.
- step S 302 the reception of the second container 21 by the second processing unit 62 is completed, and therefore, the holding hole 201 a of the relay section 201 is vacant in step S 303 . Therefore, the first processing unit 61 can position the second container 21 in the relay section 201 .
- the second controller 62 a transmits to the first controller 61 a a third signal indicating that the second container 21 can be transferred to the relay section 201 .
- step S 304 when the third signal is transmitted from the second controller 62 a , the first controller 61 a drives the transfer section 142 at an arbitrary timing to transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 .
- FIG. 11B is a sequence diagram showing the processes in the first processing unit 61 and the second processing unit 62 described with reference to FIG. 11A .
- the light receiver 81 transmits a signal indicating this situation to the second controller 62 a (S 301 ).
- the second controller 62 a drives the transfer section 202 to receive the second container 21 from the relay section 201 and transfer the second container 21 to the holding section 210 (S 302 ).
- the third signal indicating that the second container 21 can be transferred to the relay section 201 is transmitted from the second controller 62 a to the first controller 61 a (S 303 ).
- the first controller 61 a drives the transfer section 142 to transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 (S 304 ).
- the second container 21 is transferred from the first processing unit 61 to the second processing unit 62 via the relay section 201 .
- the sample measurement device 100 transfers and receives the second container 21 between the first controller 61 a and the second controller 62 a via the relay section 201 without the intervention of the controller 64 a of the management device 64 . Accordingly, the first processing unit 61 and the second processing unit 62 can more quickly transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 and receive the reaction container 21 from the relay section 201 .
- the detector 201 b of the relay section 201 that is, the light receiver 81 , is connected to only the second controller 62 a .
- a sample measurement device 100 according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which the light receiver 81 is connected to both the first controller 61 a and the second controller 62 a.
- the first controller 61 a is connected to the detector 201 b of the relay section 201 in addition to the circuit configuration diagram shown in FIG. 6 .
- the signal of the light receiver 81 is output to both the first controller 61 a and the second controller 62 a .
- the signal of the light receiver 81 falls to a low level, and when the second container 21 is transferred from the relay section 201 , the signal of the light receiver 81 falls to a high level. Therefore, a signal indicating the presence or absence of the second container 21 in the relay section 201 is output from the detector 201 b to the first controller 61 a and the second controller 62 a as a detection signal of the light receiver 81 .
- the second controller 62 a drives the transfer section 202 to receive the second container 21 from the relay section 201 .
- the first controller 61 a transfers the second container 21 to the relay section 201 .
- the second controller 62 a does not need to transmit the second signal indicating that the second container 21 is received to the controller 64 a , as it does in step S 103 , and the controller 64 a does not need to transmit to the first controller 61 a the first signal indicating that the second container 21 can be transferred, as it does in step S 201 , in FIGS. 9A to 9C in the first embodiment.
- the second controller 62 a does not need to transmit to the first controller 61 a the first signal indicating that the second container 21 can be transferred, as it does in step S 303 in FIGS. 11A and 11B in the second embodiment.
- the first controller 61 a of the first processing unit 61 and the second controller 62 a of the second processing unit 62 can uniquely determine the presence or absence of the second container 21 in the relay section 201 on the basis of the signal from the detector 201 b , that is, the light receiver 81 . Further, they can uniquely perform the transferring operation and receiving operation of the second container 21 without receiving the notification from the counterpart processing unit. Therefore, the receiving operation and the transferring operation of the second container 21 can be performed under simpler control.
- the detector 201 b may not be configured to detect the presence or absence of the second container 21 by using light.
- the detector 201 b may be configured such that, when the second container 21 having a predetermined weight or more is stored in the relay section 201 , a switch is turned on by the weight of the second container 21 , and a signal indicating that the second container 21 is positioned in the relay section 201 is output to the second controller 62 a .
- the second processing unit 62 receives the second container 21 from the relay section 201 , the switch is turned off, and a signal indicating that the second container 21 is not positioned in the relay section 201 is output to the first controller 61 a .
- the first controller 61 a knows that the relay section 201 is vacant, and can transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 .
- the second processing unit 62 performs a measurement related to the immunological test.
- the second processing unit 62 may perform a measurement related to a test different from the immunological test.
- the second processing unit 62 may perform a measurement related to a biochemical test.
- the second measuring section 52 performs a measurement related to the biochemical test.
- the second measuring section 52 has a configuration similar to that in the case of performing a measurement related to a blood coagulation test. That is, the second measuring section 52 in this case also irradiates the measurement sample with light from the light source part 411 and receives transmitted light or scattered light generated from the measurement sample by the light receiving part 412 . Then, the second controller 62 a generates measurement data used in an analysis related to the biochemical test on the basis of the electric signal transmitted from the light receiving part 412 .
- the controller 64 a performs an analysis related to a biochemical test on the basis of the measurement data generated by the second processing unit 62 . Specifically, the controller 64 a analyzes the analysis items such as T-BIL, D-BIL, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, ⁇ -GTP, T-CHO, CRE, and CK.
- the analysis items such as T-BIL, D-BIL, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, ⁇ -GTP, T-CHO, CRE, and CK.
- the second processing unit 62 may perform a measurement related to a genetic test.
- the first measurement and the second measurement are different from each other. However, they may be the same.
- the two processing units can transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 and receive the second container 21 from the relay section 201 at an arbitrary timing without being affected by each other's operating statuses.
- the number of the holding holes 201 a of the relay section 201 shown in FIG. 3 is one, a plurality of the holding holes 201 a may be provided in the relay section 201 as shown in FIG. 13 .
- the detector 201 b is provided for each holding hole 201 a.
- the first processing unit 61 can transfer the second container 21 to the vacant holding hole 201 a of the relay section 201 . Therefore, the first processing unit 61 can transfer the second container 21 to the relay section 201 at an arbitrary timing of the first processing unit 61 without being affected by the operating status of the second processing unit 62 .
- the second container 21 positioned in the relay section 201 is transferred to the holding section 210 , and then, is subjected to the second measurement.
- the second container 21 may be directly transferred to the second measuring section 52 from the relay section 201 .
- the second container 21 is transferred to the second measuring section 52 without passing through the holding section 210 , so that the second measurement is performed efficiently.
- the sample contained in the sample container 10 is dispensed into the first container 21 , and then, the sample contained in the sample container 10 is dispensed into the second container 21 .
- the sample contained in the first container 21 may be dispensed into the second container 21 .
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Abstract
Description
- This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-061846, filed on Mar. 27, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates to a sample measurement device and a sample measurement method for measuring a sample.
- Conventionally, a device for performing both biochemical measurement and blood coagulation measurement has been known, for example, as a device for analyzing an amount of components contained in a sample such as blood or urine. In an
automatic analyzer 500 disclosed in US 2015104351, as shown inFIG. 14 , when a biochemical measurement is performed, a sample is dispensed from asample container 503 to areaction cell 502 housed in arotatable reaction disk 501, and then, a predetermined amount of reagent is dispensed from afirst reagent disk 508 to thereaction cell 502, and the sample and the reagent are stirred. The absorbance of the sample and the reagent in thereaction cell 502 is measured each time the sample and the reagent cross in front of aphotometer 504 during the rotating operation of thereaction disk 501. - When a blood coagulation measurement is performed, a sample is dispensed from the
sample container 503 to areaction container 507, and the sample is heated to 37° C. in thereaction container 507. Meanwhile, a reagent for measuring blood coagulation time is dispensed from asecond reagent disk 509 into thevacant reaction cell 502 by rotating thereaction disk 501, and the temperature of the reagent is raised. When the temperature increase of the reagent for measuring the blood coagulation time is completed, thereaction cell 502 is located at a blood coagulation reagent suction position, and the reagent is sucked by adispensing mechanism 506 and discharged to thereaction container 507. At this time, the sample and the reagent are stirred by a spurt of the reagent being discharged, and the measurement of the blood coagulation time starts. - When the biochemical measurement and the blood coagulation measurement are performed, if T1 is a time required to perform one cycle of the blood coagulation measurement and T2 is a time required to perform one cycle of the biochemical analysis, the
automatic analyzer 500 is controlled such that T1 is a multiple of n (n is a natural number) of T2. - Therefore, when n is 2 or more, for example, the timing for starting the blood coagulation measurement always overlaps with the timing for starting the biochemical analysis. Thus, it is possible to perform the blood coagulation measurement and the biochemical measurement in parallel.
- In US 2015104351, in order to perform both the biochemical measurement and the blood coagulation measurement in the
automatic analyzer 500, control to align the timings at which the two measurements are started, that is, control to synchronize the two measurements, is performed. However, the control to synchronize two measurements is complex. Meanwhile, if the synchronization timing is slightly shifted, there is a possibility that both measurements will not proceed as expected and will be delayed. - A first aspect of the present invention relates to a sample measurement device for measuring a sample. Referring to
FIG. 1 , a sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect includes a first processing unit (61) that performs a first measurement on a sample contained in a first container (21) in a first cycle; a second processing unit (62) that performs a second measurement on a sample contained in a second container (21) in a second cycle different from the first cycle; and a relay section (201) which is disposed between the first processing unit (61) and the second processing unit (62) and in which the second container (21) is positioned. The first processing unit (61) performs a transferring operation of transferring the second container (21) to the relay section (201), and the second processing unit (62) performs a receiving operation of receiving the second container (21), from the relay section (201), that has been transferred to the relay section (201). - In order to analyze the disease of a subject in more detail, the results of two measurements (two different types of measurements) may be combined. For example, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can be diagnosed by combining a measurement result regarding a blood coagulation test and a measurement result regarding an immunological test. Specifically, the diagnosis of DIC is made on the basis of the coagulation time obtained from the measurement result regarding the blood coagulation test, and PIC, TAT, etc., obtained from the measurement result regarding the immunological test. As described above, a measurement related to the blood coagulation test is performed as the first measurement, a measurement related to the immunological test is performed as the second measurement, and the measurement results of these measurements are combined. Thus, an appropriate measurement can be performed.
- In this regard, according to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the first measurement and the second measurement having different measurement cycles are performed by a single device. The first processing unit transfers the second container containing a sample to the relay section at an arbitrary timing, and the second processing unit receives the second container from the relay section at an arbitrary timing. Accordingly, even if the measurement cycles are different between the first processing unit and the second processing unit, the first processing unit and the second processing unit can transfer the second container to the relay section or receive the second container from the relay section at a preferable timing for the respective processing units without being affected by each other's operating statuses. Therefore, the first measurement and the second measurement can be performed smoothly and quickly without performing complicated control.
- The first cycle and the second cycle described above indicate the time required for measuring the sample. The time required for measuring the sample is the total time required for each step included in one measurement. For example, if the first measurement includes a step of dispensing a reagent to the sample, a step of stirring the sample, a step of heating the sample, a step of centrifugation, and a step of performing a measurement for a predetermined measurement item, the first cycle in the first measurement indicates a time required to complete these five steps.
- Referring to
FIG. 3 , the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may be configured such that the relay section (201) includes a detector (80, 81) for detecting the second container (21). - According to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the first processing unit can position the second container in the relay section, and the second processing unit can receive the second container from the relay section, after the presence or absence of the second container in the relay section is accurately recognized.
- Referring to
FIGS. 9B and 9C , the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may further include a management device (64) capable of communicating with the first processing unit (61) and the second processing unit (62), and may be configured such that the management device (64) transmits, to the first processing unit (61), a first signal indicating that the second container (21) is transferable to the relay section (201) on the basis of the detection result of the detector (80, 81), and the first processing unit (61) executes the transferring operation when receiving the first signal. - According to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the management device transmits the first signal to the first processing unit on the basis of the detection result of the detector, that is, the detection result of whether the second container is positioned in the relay section. The first processing unit receiving the first signal performs the transferring operation of transferring the second container to the relay section. Therefore, the first processing unit can transfer the second container to the relay section at an arbitrary timing regardless of the operating status of the second processing unit.
- Referring to
FIGS. 9A and 9C , the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may be configured such that, when the second container (21) is detected in the relay section (201), the second processing unit (62) executes the receiving operation and transmits, to the management device (64), a second signal indicating that the second processing unit receives the second container (21) that has been positioned in the relay section (201), and the management device (64) transmits the first signal to the first processing unit (61) when receiving the second signal. - According to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the second processing unit performs the receiving operation of receiving the second container from the relay section after it is detected that the second container is positioned in the relay section. Therefore, the second processing unit can receive the second container from the relay section at an arbitrary timing regardless of the operating status of the first processing unit.
- Referring to
FIGS. 9A to 9C , in the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect, the first processing unit (61) includes a first transfer section (142) that transfers the second container (21) to the relay section (201), and a first controller (61 a) that controls the first transfer section (142). The second processing unit (62) includes a second transfer section (202) that transfers the second container (21) from the relay section (201) to a predetermined position, and a second controller (62 a) that controls the second transfer section (202). The sample measurement device (100) may be configured such that when the second container (21) is detected in the relay section (201), the second controller (62 a) controls the second transfer section (202) such that the second container (21) is transferred from the relay section (201), and transmits the second signal to the management device (64); the management device (64) transmits the first signal to the first controller (61 a) when receiving the second signal from the second controller (62 a); and the first controller (61 a) controls the first transfer section (142) such that the second container (21) is transferred to the relay section (201) when receiving the first signal from the management device (64). - In the sample measurement device according to the present aspect, the fact that the second signal is transmitted from the second controller to the management device means that the second container can be newly positioned in the relay section. Therefore, when the first signal is transmitted from the management device to the first controller, the first controller transfers the second container to the relay section. In this way, the first processing unit and the second processing unit can access the relay section, and receive and transfer the second container containing the sample without being affected by each other's operating statuses.
- Referring to
FIG. 13 , the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may be configured such that the relay section (201) includes a plurality of holding holes (201 a) for holding a plurality of second containers (21). - According to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the second containers can be respectively positioned in the plurality of holding holes provided in the relay section. Therefore, even when the second processing unit is performing the second measurement, and has not yet received the second container from the relay section, for example, the first processing unit can position the second container to the vacant holding hole of the relay section. Accordingly, the first processing unit can transfer the second container to the relay section at an arbitrary timing of the first processing unit without being affected by the operating status of the second processing unit.
- Referring to
FIG. 1 , the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may be configured such that the second processing unit (62) includes a holding section (210) that holds the second container (21) transferred from the relay section (201). - For example, when the second containers are held in the respective holding holes of the relay section, the first processing unit cannot transfer the second container to the relay section until there is a vacant holding hole in the relay section. In this regard, according to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the second container can be stored in the holding section. Therefore, the second processing unit can transfer the second container positioned in the relay section to the holding section at an arbitrary timing, and can prepare a vacant holding hole in the relay section as quickly as possible. Accordingly, the waiting time of the first processing unit until the holding hole of the relay section becomes available is reduced. Thus, the first processing unit can quickly transfer the second container to the relay section.
- Further, since the first processing unit can quickly transfer the second container to the relay section, the first processing unit can quickly finish the processing for the second container. Therefore, the first processing unit can quickly start the first measurement on the sample.
- Referring to
FIGS. 5A and 5B , in the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect, the first measurement is a measurement related to a blood coagulation test, and the second measurement is a measurement related to an immunological test. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may be configured such that the sample to be contained in the first container (21) is dispensed into the first container (21) from a sample container (10) containing the sample is contained, the sample to be contained in the second container (21) is dispensed from the sample container (10) from which the sample has been dispensed, and the second container (21) is transferred to the second processing unit (62) from the first processing unit (61) via the relay section (201). - According to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the first processing unit and the second processing unit can perform the first measurement and the second measurement on the same sample (same type of the sample collected from the same subject). Therefore, when the sample measurement device according to the present aspect is used for, for example, a disease test, a lot of information can be obtained for the same sample, and by combining the obtained information pieces, a highly reliable test result can be obtained.
- Referring to
FIG. 1 , the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may include a dispensing section (30) for dispensing a sample from the sample container (10) to the first container (21) and the second container (21). - According to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the sample used in the first processing unit and the second processing unit can be dispensed from the sample container using one dispensing section. Therefore, an increase in size of the device can be prevented.
- The sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may be configured such that the sample to be contained in the first container (21) is dispensed into the first container (21) from a sample container (10) containing the sample, the sample to be contained in the second container (21) is dispensed from the first container (21) into the second container (21) in the first processing unit (61), and the second container (21) into which the sample has been dispensed is transferred to the second processing unit (62) via the relay section (201).
- According to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the sample contained in the first container and the sample contained in the second container are given from the sample contained in the same sample container in two dispensations. Therefore, when the sample is dispensed into the second container after the dispensation of the sample from the sample container into the first container, an occurrence of contamination can be reduced.
- Referring to
FIG. 2 , the sample measurement device (100) according to the present aspect may further include a transport unit (63) for transporting a sample rack (101) holding a plurality of sample containers (10), and may be configured such that the plurality of sample containers (10) held in the sample rack (101) is transported to the dispensing position of the first processing unit (61) by the transport unit (63), and the sample dispensed into the first container (21) and the second container (21) in the first processing unit (61) from each of the plurality of sample containers (10) at the dispensing position is measured by the first processing unit (61) and the second processing unit (62). - According to the sample measurement device of the present aspect, the sample is dispensed at one location in the first processing unit, so that the configuration of the device can be simplified.
- A second aspect of the present invention relates to a sample measurement method for measuring a sample. Referring to
FIGS. 9A to 9C , a sample measurement method according to the present aspect includes performing a first measurement on a sample contained in the first container (21) in a first cycle in the first processing unit (61); transferring the second container (21) containing a sample to the second processing unit (62) from the first processing unit (61); and performing a second measurement on the sample contained in the second container (21) in a second cycle different from the first cycle in the second processing unit (62). - The sample measurement method according to the present aspect can provide the same effects as those in the first embodiment.
- Referring to
FIGS. 9B and 9C , the sample measurement method according to the present aspect may be configured to transfer the second container (21) from the first processing unit (61) to the second processing unit (62) via the relay section (201) which is disposed between the first processing unit (61) and the second processing unit (62) and in which the second container (21) is positioned. - Referring to
FIG. 9C , the sample measurement method according to the present aspect may be configured to transmit, to the first processing unit (61) from the management device (64) capable of communicating with the first processing unit (61) and the second processing unit (62), a first signal indicating that the second container (21) can be transferred to the relay section (201), and to transfer the second container (21) to the relay section (201) from the first processing unit (61) when the first processing unit (61) receives the first signal. - Referring to
FIG. 9C , the sample measurement method according to present aspect may be configured to transmit, to the management device (64) from the second processing unit (62), a second signal indicating that the second processing unit (62) receives the second container (21) that has been positioned in the relay section (201), and to transmit the first signal to the first processing unit (61) from the management device (64) when the management device (64) receives the second signal. - Referring to
FIG. 9C , the sample measurement method according to the present aspect may be configured to, when the second container (21) is positioned in the relay section (201), transfer the second container (21) from the relay section (201) to the second processing unit (62), transmit the second signal to the management device (64) from the second processing unit (62), transmit the first signal from the management device (64) to the first processing unit (61) when the management device (64) receives the second signal, and transfer the second container (21) to the relay section (201) from the first processing unit (61) when the first processing unit (61) receives the first signal. - Referring to
FIG. 8 , the sample measurement method according to the present aspect may be configured to dispense the sample into the first container (21) from the sample container (10) in the first processing unit (61), dispense the sample into the second container (21) from the sample container (10) in the first processing unit (61), and transfer the second container (21) to the second processing unit (62) from the first processing unit (61). - Referring to
FIGS. 5A and 5B , in the sample measurement method according to the present aspect, the first measurement may be a measurement related to a blood coagulation test, and the second measurement may be a measurement related to an immunological test. - The present invention can provide a sample measurement device capable of performing two measurements with one device without requiring complicated control, and a sample measurement method using the sample measurement device.
- The scope of the present invention is defined solely by the appended claims, and is not affected to any degree by the statements within this summary.
-
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a sample measurement device according to a first embodiment; -
FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a first processing unit and a transport unit according to the first embodiment; -
FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a second processing unit according to the first embodiment; -
FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a transfer section and a dispensing section according to the first embodiment; -
FIGS. 5A and 5B are views schematically showing a configuration of a first measuring section and a second measuring section according to the first embodiment; -
FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a circuit configuration of the first processing unit according to the first embodiment; -
FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a circuit configuration of the second processing unit according to the first embodiment; -
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a process of the sample measurement device according to the first embodiment; -
FIG. 9A is a flowchart showing a process when the second processing unit receives a second container from a relay section in the first embodiment,FIG. 9B is a flowchart showing a process when the first processing unit transfers the second container to the relay section in the first embodiment, andFIG. 9C is a sequence diagram indicating the processes shown inFIGS. 9A and 9B ; -
FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a sample measurement device according to a second embodiment; -
FIG. 11A is a flowchart showing a process involved with transfer and reception of a second container in a relay section in the sample measurement device according to the second embodiment, andFIG. 11B is a sequence diagram indicating the process shown inFIG. 11A ; -
FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a circuit configuration of a first processing unit according to a third embodiment; -
FIG. 13 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a second processing unit according to a modification; and -
FIG. 14 is a schematic view for describing a configuration according to a related art. - A
sample measurement device 100 according to the present embodiment is a device that performs a first measurement and a second measurement in parallel. In recent years, various attempts have been made as a technique for examining a disease. As one of such techniques, a plurality of measurement results is combined. With this technique, a disease affecting the subject can be analyzed in more detail in some cases. For example, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can be appropriately diagnosed by combining a measurement result regarding a blood coagulation test and a measurement result regarding an immunological test. Specifically, the diagnosis of DIC is made on the basis of the coagulation time obtained from the measurement result regarding the blood coagulation test, and PIC, TAT, etc., obtained from the measurement result regarding the immunological test. - Hereinafter, the
sample measurement device 100 that performs the first measurement related to the blood coagulation test and the second measurement related to the immunological test will be described. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , thesample measurement device 100 includes afirst processing unit 61, asecond processing unit 62, atransport unit 63, and amanagement device 64. Thefirst processing unit 61 is communicably connected to thetransport unit 63 and themanagement device 64. Thesecond processing unit 62 is communicably connected to themanagement device 64. InFIG. 1 , XYZ axes are mutually orthogonal, the X-axis positive direction corresponds to the leftward direction, the Y-axis positive direction corresponds to the rearward direction, and the Z-axis positive direction corresponds to the vertically downward direction. In other figures, the XYZ axes are set similarly toFIG. 1 . - The
sample measurement device 100 measures a sample contained in asample container 10. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , thefirst processing unit 61 includes a dispensingsection 30, afirst measuring section 51, and afirst controller 61 a. Thefirst measuring section 51 performs a measurement related to a blood coagulation test as a first measurement. The dispensingsection 30 includes anozzle 31 and anarm 32. Thenozzle 31 is a suction tube configured to be able to suck and discharge a sample. Thenozzle 31 is provided at an end of thearm 32, and thearm 32 is configured to be pivotable. The dispensingsection 30 dispenses the sample from thesample container 10 to areaction container 21 using thenozzle 31. Thefirst controller 61 a controls each section of thefirst processing unit 61. Thefirst controller 61 a is composed of, for example, a CPU or a microcomputer. - The
second processing unit 62 includes asecond measuring section 52 and asecond controller 62 a. Thesecond measuring section 52 performs a measurement related to an immunological test as a second measurement. The measurement related to the immunological test is a measurement related to a test different from the blood coagulation test. The measurement related to the immunological test includes a measurement of an immunological analysis item, a measurement by an immunological reaction, and the like. The measurement related to the immunological test indicates a measurement utilizing an antigen-antibody reaction. Thesecond controller 62 a controls each section of thesecond processing unit 62. Thesecond controller 62 a is composed of, for example, a CPU or a microcomputer. - The
transport unit 63 includes a mechanism for transporting thesample container 10 to thefirst processing unit 61. Themanagement device 64 is composed of, for example, a personal computer. Themanagement device 64 includes acontroller 64 a. Thecontroller 64 a is composed of, for example, a CPU. - When the
sample container 10 is located at a predetermined position, the dispensingsection 30 sucks the sample in thesample container 10 through the tip of thenozzle 31. When the sample is sucked, thenozzle 31 is withdrawn from astopper 11. Subsequently, the dispensingsection 30 discharges the sample sucked from thesample container 10 to thereaction container 21. - When the measurement is performed on one sample by both the
first measuring section 51 and thesecond measuring section 52, the dispensingsection 30 dispenses the sample in thesample container 10 into twonew reaction containers 21. Specifically, the dispensingsection 30 repeats twice the dispensing operation of sucking the sample from thesample container 10 and discharging the sucked sample to anew reaction container 21. The sample first dispensed into thereaction container 21 is a sample that is to be measured by thefirst measuring section 51, and the sample dispensed next into thereaction container 21 is a sample that is to be measured by thesecond measuring section 52. Thereaction container 21 into which the sample is first dispensed is a first container, and thereaction container 21 into which the sample is next dispensed is a second container. That is, thereaction containers 21 containing samples to be respectively measured by thefirst measuring section 51 and thesecond measuring section 52 are thefirst container 21 and thesecond container 21. - The
first container 21 and thesecond container 21 may be the same or different in type. - The sample contained in the
first container 21 is measured by thefirst measuring section 51 of thefirst processing unit 61, and the sample contained in thesecond container 21 is measured by thesecond measuring section 52 of thesecond processing unit 62. - The
reaction container 21 is a so-called cuvette that is a container having an opening at the top. Thereaction container 21, that is, thefirst container 21, is a disposable container used for a measurement in thefirst measuring section 51 of thefirst processing unit 61. - The
first processing unit 61 transfers thereaction container 21, that is, thefirst container 21, into which the sample to be measured by thefirst measuring section 51 has been dispensed to thefirst measuring section 51. At this time, thefirst processing unit 61 prepares a measurement sample by adding a predetermined reagent to the first container, and transfers thefirst container 21 containing the measurement sample to thefirst measuring section 51. Thefirst measuring section 51 irradiates the measurement sample in thefirst container 21 with light, and measures light transmitted through the measurement sample or light scattered by the measurement sample. Examples of the principle of the measurement by thefirst measuring section 51 include a coagulation method, a synthetic substrate method, an immunoturbidimetric method, and an agglutination method. Thefirst controller 61 a generates measurement data on the basis of the light measured by thefirst measuring section 51. - The
first processing unit 61 transports thereaction container 21, that is, thesecond container 21, into which the sample to be measured by thesecond measuring section 52 has been dispensed to thesecond processing unit 62. At this time, thesecond container 21 is transferred from thefirst processing unit 61 to arelay section 201, then received by thesecond processing unit 62 from therelay section 201, and transferred to a predetermined position in thesecond measuring section 52. - When the
reaction container 21, that is, thesecond container 21 in which the sample has been dispensed is transferred to therelay section 201 by thefirst processing unit 61, thesecond processing unit 62 receives thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201. Then, thesecond processing unit 62 transfers thesecond container 21 to aholding section 210 and holds thesecond container 21 therein. - The configuration of the
relay section 201, the operation of thefirst processing unit 61 transferring thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201, and the operation of thesecond processing unit 62 receiving thereaction container 21 from therelay section 201 will be described later in detail. - The
second processing unit 62 transfers the sample in thesecond container 21 transported from thefirst processing unit 61 to areaction container 22. Thereaction container 22 is a so-called cuvette that is a container having an opening at the top. Thereaction container 22 is a disposable container used for the measurement in thesecond measuring section 52 of thesecond processing unit 62. Thesecond processing unit 62 prepares a measurement sample by adding a predetermined reagent to thereaction container 22 into which the sample has been dispensed, and transfers thereaction container 22 containing the measurement sample to thesecond measuring section 52. Thesecond measuring section 52 measures light generated from the measurement sample in thereaction container 22, that is, chemiluminescence based on a test substance contained in the sample. Thesecond controller 62 a generates measurement data on the basis of the light measured by thesecond measuring section 52. - Chemiluminescence is light emitted using the energy caused by a chemical reaction. For example, chemiluminescence is light emitted when a molecule is excited by a chemical reaction to be in an excited state and then returns to a ground state. In the embodiment, the chemiluminescence measured by the
second measuring section 52 is light based on chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA). Specifically, it is light generated by a reaction between an enzyme and a substrate. Chemiluminescence measured by thesecond measuring section 52 is, for example, light based on chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA), fluorescent enzyme immunoassay (FEIA), luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay (LOCI), bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay (BLEIA), or the like. - The
controller 64 a of themanagement device 64 performs an analysis on a blood coagulation test on the basis of the measurement data generated by thefirst processing unit 61. Specifically, thecontroller 64 a performs an analysis on analysis items such as PT, APTT, Fbg, extrinsic coagulation factor, intrinsic coagulation factor, coagulation factor XIII, HpT, TTO, FDP, D dimer, PIC, FM, ATIII, Plg, APL, PC, VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, ADP, collagen, or epinephrine. - The
controller 64 a performs an analysis related to an immunological test on the basis of the measurement data generated by thesecond processing unit 62. Specifically, thecontroller 64 a performs an analysis on analysis items such as HBs antigen, HBs antibody, HBc antibody, HBe antigen, HBe antibody, HCV antibody, TP antibody, HTLV antibody, HIV antigen/antibody, TAT, PIC, TM, tPAI⋅c, TSH, FT3, or FT4. - When receiving the
reaction container 21, that is, thesecond container 21, positioned at therelay section 201, thesecond controller 62 a of thesecond processing unit 62 transmits a second signal indicating that the receiving operation is completed to thecontroller 64 a. When receiving the second signal, thecontroller 64 a transmits to thefirst controller 61 a the first signal indicating that thesecond container 21 can be transferred to therelay section 201. These processes will be described later with reference toFIG. 9 . - Subsequently, the configuration of the
sample measurement device 100 will be described in detail separately for thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , thetransport unit 63 has arack setting position 63 a, arack transport area 63 b, and arack collecting position 63 c. Therack setting position 63 a and therack collecting position 63 c are connected to the right end and the left end of therack transport area 63 b, respectively. Abarcode reader 102 is provided between therack setting position 63 a and therack collecting position 63 c. An operator places asample rack 101 on which thesample container 10 is set at therack setting position 63 a. - The
sample container 10 is, for example, a blood collection tube made of translucent glass or synthetic resin. A barcode label (not shown) is attached to thesample container 10. A barcode indicating a sample ID is printed on the barcode label. The sample ID is information that can individually identify the sample. - The
transport unit 63 feeds thesample rack 101 installed at therack setting position 63 a to the right end of therack transport area 63 b, and further feeds thesample rack 101 to the front of thebarcode reader 102. Thebarcode reader 102 reads the barcode from the barcode label on thesample container 10 and acquires the sample ID. The acquired sample ID is transmitted to themanagement device 64 for acquiring a measurement order for the sample. - Subsequently, the
transport unit 63 transports thesample rack 101 holding thesample container 10, and sequentially positions thesample container 10 at asample suction position 103 a. Thesample suction position 103 a is a position at which thedispensing section 30 sucks a sample. When the suction of the samples contained in allsample containers 10 held in thesample rack 101 is finished, thetransport unit 63 transports thesample rack 101 to therack collecting position 63 c. - The
first processing unit 61 includes the dispensingsection 30, acleaning section 40, a reaction container table 120, a reagent table 130, a heating table 140, atransfer section 106, areagent dispensing sections first measuring section 51, and adisposal port 107. - For the sample positioned at the
sample suction position 103 a, both the measurement order for performing the measurement related to the blood coagulation test in thefirst processing unit 61 and the measurement order for performing the measurement related to the immunological test in thesecond processing unit 62 are set. - The dispensing
section 30 sucks the sample from thesample container 10 positioned at thesample suction position 103 a. The dispensingsection 30 sucks the sample from thesample container 10 twice and discharges the sucked sample todifferent reaction containers 21 in the reaction container table 120, respectively. At this time, the dispensingsection 30 discharges the first sucked sample to thefirst container 21 as a sample to be subjected to a measurement related to a blood coagulation test, and discharges the next sucked sample to thesecond container 21 as a sample to be subjected to a measurement related to an immunological test. The operation of sucking the sample from thesample container 10 by the dispensingsection 30 and the operation of discharging the sample sucked from thesample container 10 to thefirst container 21 and thesecond container 21 are performed as described with reference toFIG. 1 . - The reaction container table 120 has a ring shape in a plan view, and is arranged outside the reagent table 130. The reaction container table 120 is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. The reaction container table 120 has a plurality of holding
holes 121 for holding thereaction container 21. - A reaction
container storage section 151 stores anew reaction container 21. A reactioncontainer supply section 152 takes out thereaction containers 21 one by one from the reactioncontainer storage section 151, and supplies thereaction container 21 taken out from the reactioncontainer storage section 151 to a holding position by thetransfer section 105. Thetransfer section 105 holds thereaction container 21 supplied to the holding position by the reactioncontainer supply section 152, and sets thereaction container 21 in the holdinghole 121 of the reaction container table 120. The reactioncontainer storage section 151 has a plurality of storage sections (not shown), and thereaction containers 21 are stored in the respective storage sections. - The
cleaning section 40 is a vessel for cleaning thenozzle 31. When the dispensation for onesample container 10 is finished, thenozzle 31 is cleaned in thecleaning section 40. - The heating table 140 includes a plurality of holding
holes 141 for holding thereaction container 21 and atransfer section 142 for transferring thereaction container 21. The heating table 140 has a circular shape in a plan view, and is configured to be rotatable in a circumferential direction. The heating table 140 heats thereaction container 21 set in the holdinghole 141 to 37° C. - When the sample from the
sample container 10 is discharged to thenew reaction container 21 held in the reaction container table 120, the reaction container table 120 is rotated, and thereaction container 21, that is, thefirst container 21, is transferred to the vicinity of the heating table 140. Then, thetransfer section 142 of the heating table 140 holds and sets the transferredfirst container 21 in the holdinghole 141 of the heating table 140. - On the other hand, when the sample to be subjected to the second measurement is discharged to the
new reaction container 21 held in the reaction container table 120, the reaction container table 120 is rotated, and thereaction container 21 is transferred to the vicinity of the heating table 140. Thisreaction container 21 is thesecond container 21. Then, thetransfer section 142 of the heating table 140 holds and transports thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201 described later with reference toFIG. 3 . That is, thesecond container 21 is transferred to therelay section 201 provided in thesecond processing unit 62 from the inside of thefirst processing unit 61 by thetransfer section 142. - In the
first processing unit 61, the reagent table 130 is configured so that a plurality ofreagent containers 131 containing reagents used for measurement related to a blood coagulation test can be installed. The reagent table 130 is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. Thereagent dispensing sections reaction container 21 heated by the heating table 140. - The type of the reagent contained in the
reagent container 131 differs depending on the measurement item. For example, when the time for blood to coagulate is measured, the prothrombin time (PT) of plasma is measured. In that case, Revohem (registered trademark) PT manufactured by Sysmex Corporation is used as the reagent. - When Revohem (registered trademark) PT is dispensed into the
reaction container 21, thetransfer section 142 of the heating table 140 takes out thereaction container 21 from the holdinghole 141 of the heating table 140 and places thisreaction container 21 at a predetermined position. Then, thereagent dispensing section 161 or thereagent dispensing section 162 sucks Revohem (registered trademark) PT from thereagent container 131 and discharges the sucked Revohem (registered trademark) PT to thereaction container 21. Thus, Revohem (registered trademark) PT is mixed with the sample. After that, thetransfer section 106 sets thereaction container 21 in the holdinghole 51 a of thefirst measuring section 51. - The prothrombin time (PT) of the plasma described above is measured using a one-reagent system. In contrast, the D-D dimer in plasma or serum is measured using a two-reagent system. Specifically, in the measurement of D-D dimer, Lias Auto (registered trademark) D-dimer neo manufactured by Sysmex Corporation is used as a reagent.
- In the measurement of the D-D dimer, first, the
transfer section 142 of the heating table 140 takes out thereaction container 21, that is, thefirst container 21, from the holdinghole 141 of the heating table 140, and positions thisreaction container 21 at a predetermined position. Then, thereagent dispensing section 161 or thereagent dispensing section 162 sucks a D-dimer buffer (DDR1) from thereagent container 131 as a first reagent, and discharges the sucked D-dimer buffer (DDR1) to thereaction container 21. In this way, the D-dimer buffer (DDR1) is mixed with the sample. Thereafter, thetransfer section 142 sets thereaction container 21 again in the holdinghole 141 of the heating table 140. - Next, a D-dimer latex liquid (DDR2) is dispensed into the
first container 21 as a second reagent. At this time, thetransfer section 106 takes out thefirst container 21 from the holdinghole 141 of the heating table 140 and positions thisfirst container 21 at a predetermined position. Then, thereagent dispensing section 161 or thereagent dispensing section 162 sucks a D-dimer latex liquid (DDR2) from thereagent container 131, and discharges the sucked D-dimer latex liquid (DDR2) to thefirst container 21. In this way, the D-dimer latex liquid (DDR2) is mixed with the sample, and a measurement sample is prepared. Then, thetransfer section 106 sets thefirst container 21 in the holdinghole 51 a of thefirst measuring section 51. - As described above, the measurement sample prepared by adding the reagent is set in the plurality of holding
holes 51 a of thefirst measuring section 51. Thefirst measuring section 51 irradiates thefirst container 21 set in the holdinghole 51 a with light, and measures light transmitted through the measurement sample or light scattered by the measurement sample. When the measurement of the measurement sample in thereaction container 21 is completed, thefirst container 21 is discarded into thedisposal port 107 by thetransfer section 106. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , thesecond processing unit 62 includes therelay section 201, atransfer section 202, a holdingsection 210, adelivery section 220, astorage section 203, areaction container rack 204, a reagent table 230, acleaning tank 205, aheating section 240, areagent dispensing section 250, areagent storage section 260, astorage section 271, atransfer section 272, adisposal port 273, and asecond measuring section 52. - The
relay section 201 is provided within thesecond processing unit 62. Therelay section 201 includes a holdinghole 201 a for receiving thereaction container 21, that is, thesecond container 21. Thereaction container 21, that is, thesecond container 21, is taken out from the holdinghole 121 of the reaction container table 120, transported to therelay section 201, and set in the holdinghole 201 a by thetransfer section 142 of thefirst processing unit 61. - The
relay section 201 includes alight emitter 80 and alight receiver 81. Thelight emitter 80 and thelight receiver 81 constitute adetector 201 b which will be described later with reference toFIG. 7 . Thelight emitter 80 and thelight receiver 81 are arranged to face each other with the holdinghole 201 a interposed therebetween. Light emitted from thelight emitter 80 is received by thelight receiver 81. - When the
second container 21 is positioned in the holdinghole 201 a of therelay section 201, light emitted from thelight emitter 80 is blocked by thesecond container 21 and is not received by thelight receiver 81. On the other hand, when thesecond container 21 is not positioned in the holdinghole 201 a, light from thelight emitter 80 is received by thelight receiver 81. In this way, the presence or absence of thesecond container 21 in therelay section 201 can be determined on the basis of whether or not thelight receiver 81 receives light emitted from thelight emitter 80. - The holding
section 210 includes a plurality of holdingholes 211. The holdingsection 210 has a circular shape in a plan view, and is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. Thesecond container 21 positioned in therelay section 201 is transferred to theholding section 210 and is set in the holdinghole 211 by thetransfer section 202. In this way, thesecond container 21 is set in theholding section 210 from thefirst processing unit 61 via therelay section 201. - The
second processing unit 62 further includes atransfer section 310 and adispensing section 320 illustrated inFIG. 4 in addition to the sections illustrated inFIG. 3 . Thetransfer section 310 is installed on a wall surface inside thefirst processing unit 61 parallel to the YZ plane, and thedispensing section 320 is installed on the ceiling surface of thesecond processing unit 62. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , thetransfer section 310 includes a front-rear transfer part 311, ahorizontal transfer part 312, avertical transfer part 313, asupport member 314, and a holdingpart 315. The front-rear transfer part 311 transfers thehorizontal transfer part 312 in the Y-axis direction along arail 311 a extending in the Y-axis direction by driving a stepping motor. Thehorizontal transfer part 312 transfers thevertical transfer part 313 in the X-axis direction along arail 312 a extending in the X-axis direction by driving a stepping motor. Thevertical transfer part 313 transfers thesupport member 314 in the Z-axis direction along arail 313 a extending in the Z-axis direction by driving a stepping motor. The holdingpart 315 is provided on thesupport member 314. The holdingpart 315 is configured to be able to hold thesecond container 21 and thereaction container 22. - The
transfer section 310 transfers the holdingpart 315 in the X-, Y-, and Z-axis directions in thefirst processing unit 61 by driving the front-rear transfer part 311, thehorizontal transfer part 312, and thevertical transfer part 313. Thus, thesecond container 21 and thereaction container 22 can be transferred in thesecond processing unit 62. - The
dispensing section 320 includes a front-rear transfer part 321, avertical transfer part 322,support members nozzles rear transfer part 321 transfers thevertical transfer part 322 in the Y-axis direction along arail 321 a extending in the Y-axis direction by driving a stepping motor. Thevertical transfer part 322 moves thesupport member 323 in the Z-axis direction along arail 322 a extending in the Z-axis direction, and to move thesupport member 324 in the Z-axis direction along arail 322 b extending in the Z-axis direction, by driving a stepping motor. - The
nozzles support members nozzles nozzles nozzle 325 is used for dispensing a sample, and thenozzle 326 is used for dispensing a reagent. - When the
reaction container 21 is set in the holdinghole 211 of the holdingsection 210, thereaction container 21 is taken out from the holdinghole 211 and set in the holdinghole 221 of thedelivery section 220 by thetransfer section 310. Thedelivery section 220 includes three holdingholes 221. Thedelivery section 220 has a circular shape in a plan view, and is configured to be rotatable in a circumferential direction. When thesecond container 21 is set in the holdinghole 221 of thedelivery section 220, thedelivery section 220 is rotated in the circumferential direction, and thesecond container 21 is positioned at asample suction position 222. - The
reaction container rack 204stores 30new reaction containers 22. Thestorage section 203 includes a holdinghole 203 a for holding thereaction container 22. - The
transfer section 310 takes out thereaction container 22 from thereaction container rack 204 and sets it in the holdinghole 203 a. Then, thedispensing section 320 sucks the sample in thereaction container 21 positioned at thesample suction position 222 using thenozzle 325, and discharges the sucked sample to thereaction container 22 set in the holdinghole 203 a. Thus, the sample is transferred from thesecond container 21 to thereaction container 22. After the sample is transferred, thenozzle 325 is cleaned in thecleaning tank 205. Thesecond container 21 from which the sample has been completely transferred is discarded into thedisposal port 273 by thetransfer section 272. - Next, the measurement related to an immunological test will be described in detail with reference to
FIGS. 3 and 4 . - As shown in
FIG. 3 , the reagent table 230 is configured such thatreagent containers 231 to 233 containing reagents used for the measurement related to the immunological test can be installed. The reagent table 230 is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. Thereagent container 231 contains an R1 reagent, thereagent container 232 contains an R2 reagent, and thereagent container 233 contains an R3 reagent. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , thetransfer section 310 takes out thereaction container 22 containing the sample from the holdinghole 203 a and positions thisreaction container 22 above thecleaning tank 205. In this state, thedispensing section 320 sucks the R1 reagent from thereagent container 231 positioned at areagent suction position 223 using thenozzle 326, and discharges the sucked R1 reagent into thereaction container 22 positioned above thecleaning tank 205. After the R1 reagent is dispensed, thenozzle 326 is cleaned in thecleaning tank 205. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , theheating section 240 includes a plurality of holdingholes 241 for heating thereaction container 22. Thetransfer section 310 sets thereaction container 22 into which the R1 reagent has been discharged into the holdinghole 241 of theheating section 240. After thereaction container 22 is heated by theheating section 240 for a predetermined time, thetransfer section 310 takes out thereaction container 22 from the holdinghole 241 and positions thisreaction container 22 above thecleaning tank 205. In this state, thedispensing section 320 sucks the R2 reagent from thereagent container 232 positioned at thereagent suction position 223 using thenozzle 326, and discharges the sucked R2 reagent into thereaction container 22 positioned above thecleaning tank 205. After the R2 reagent is dispensed, thenozzle 326 is cleaned in thecleaning tank 205. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , thetransfer section 310 places thereaction container 22 into which the R2 reagent has been discharged into the holdinghole 241 of theheating section 240. Theheating section 240 heats thereaction container 22 for a predetermined time. - The R1 reagent contains a capturing substance that binds to the test substance, and the R2 reagent contains magnetic particles. When the R1 reagent and the R2 reagent are discharged into the
reaction container 22, and thisreaction container 22 is heated in theheating section 240, the test substance, which is contained in the second container, within thereaction container 22 binds to the magnetic particles via the capturing substance by the antigen-antibody reaction. Thus, a complex in which the test substance and the magnetic particles are bound is generated. - The
transfer section 310 positions thereaction container 22 into which the R2 reagent has been discharged and which has been heated to a location above thecleaning tank 205. In this state, thedispensing section 320 sucks the R3 reagent from thereagent container 233 positioned at thereagent suction position 223 using thenozzle 326, and discharges the sucked R3 reagent into thereaction container 22 positioned above thecleaning tank 205. Then, thetransfer section 310 sets thereaction container 22 into which the R3 reagent has been discharged into the holdinghole 241 of theheating section 240. Theheating section 240 heats thereaction container 22 for a predetermined time. - The R3 reagent includes a labeled antibody which uses an antibody as a capturing substance. When the R3 reagent is discharged into the
reaction container 22 and thisreaction container 22 is heated by theheating section 240, a complex in which the test substance, the capturing antibody, the magnetic particles, and the labeled antibody are bound is generated. - The
transfer section 310 positions thereaction container 22 directly below anozzle 251 of thereagent dispensing section 250. Thereagent dispensing section 250 includes thenozzle 251 for discharging an R4 reagent, and anozzle 252 for discharging an R5 reagent. Thereagent dispensing section 250 also includes a mechanism for moving thenozzles - As shown in
FIG. 3 , thereagent dispensing section 250 discharges the R4 reagent into thereaction container 22 through thenozzle 251. Subsequently, thetransfer section 310 positions thereaction container 22 into which the R4 reagent has been discharged directly below thenozzle 252. Thereagent dispensing section 250 discharges the R5 reagent into thereaction container 22 through thenozzle 252. The R4 reagent and the R5 reagent are contained inreagent containers reagent storage section 260, and thenozzles reagent containers - The R4 reagent is a reagent for dispersing the complex in the
reaction container 22. When the complex and the R4 reagent are mixed, the complex is dispersed in thereaction container 22. The R5 reagent is a reagent containing a luminescent substrate that generates light by reaction with the labeled antibody bound to the complex. When the complex and the R5 reagent are mixed, chemiluminescence is generated by the reaction between the labeled antibody bound to the complex and the luminescent substrate. Thus, the preparation of the measurement sample used for the first measurement is completed. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , thetransfer section 310 places thereaction container 22 into which the R5 reagent has been discharged into the holdinghole 241 of theheating section 240. After thereaction container 22 is heated by theheating section 240 for a predetermined time, thetransfer section 310 takes out thereaction container 22 from the holdinghole 241 and sets it into a holdinghole 271 a formed in thestorage section 271. - The
second measuring section 52 includes alid 52 a and a holdinghole 52 b. Thelid 52 a is configured to be openable and closable above the holdinghole 52 b. When thereaction container 22 is set in the holdinghole 271 a, thelid 52 a is opened, and thetransfer section 272 takes out thereaction container 22 from the holdinghole 271 a and sets it in the holdinghole 52 b of thesecond measuring section 52. Then, thelid 52 a is closed, and light generated from the measurement sample in thereaction container 22 is measured in the holdinghole 52 b. When the measurement of the measurement sample in thereaction container 22 is completed, thereaction container 22 is discarded into thedisposal port 273 by thetransfer section 272. - As shown in
FIG. 5A , thefirst measuring section 51 that performs a measurement related to a blood coagulation test includes alight source part 411 and alight receiving part 412 in addition to the above-described holding holes 51 a.FIG. 5A shows the periphery of one holdinghole 51 a among the plurality of holdingholes 51 a. - The
light source part 411 includes a semiconductor laser light source. Thelight source part 411 emits light beams of different wavelengths. Thelight source part 411 irradiates thefirst container 21 set in each holdinghole 51 a with light. When the measurement sample in thefirst container 21 is irradiated with light, light transmitted through the measurement sample or light scattered by the measurement sample enters thelight receiving part 412. Thelight receiving part 412 which is composed of a photodetector is provided for each holdinghole 51 a. Specifically, thelight receiving part 412 includes a phototube, a photodiode, and the like. Thelight receiving part 412 receives transmitted light or scattered light and outputs an electric signal corresponding to the amount of received light. Thefirst controller 61 a generates measurement data used for an analysis related to a blood coagulation test on the basis of the electric signal output from thelight receiving part 412. - As shown in
FIG. 5B , thesecond measuring section 52 that performs a measurement related to the immunological test includes alight receiving part 421 in addition to the above-describedholding hole 52 b.FIG. 5B shows the periphery of the holdinghole 52 b. - Chemiluminescence generated from the measurement sample contained in the
reaction container 22 enters thelight receiving part 421. Thelight receiving part 421 is composed of a photodetector capable of counting photons. Specifically, thelight receiving part 421 includes a photomultiplier tube. When thelight receiving part 421 includes a photomultiplier tube capable of counting photons, thesecond measuring section 52 can perform highly sensitive and highly accurate measurement. Thelight receiving part 421 receives the chemiluminescence and outputs a pulse waveform corresponding to the received photons. Thesecond measuring section 52 counts photons at regular intervals on the basis of the output signal of thelight receiving part 421 and outputs a count value by a circuit provided therein. Thesecond controller 62 a generates measurement data used for an analysis related to an immunological test on the basis of the count value output from thesecond measuring section 52. - As shown in
FIG. 6 , thefirst processing unit 61 includes, as the configuration of a circuit section, thefirst controller 61 a, amemory section 61 b, thebarcode reader 102, the dispensingsection 30, thecleaning section 40, the reaction container table 120, the reagent table 130, the heating table 140, the reactioncontainer storage section 151, the reactioncontainer supply section 152, thetransfer sections reagent dispensing sections first measuring section 51. - The
first controller 61 a controls each section in thefirst processing unit 61 and thetransport unit 63 according to a program stored in thememory section 61 b. Thememory section 61 b includes a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk, and the like. Thefirst controller 61 a is configured to be able to communicate with thetransport unit 63 and thecontroller 64 a of themanagement device 64. - As shown in
FIG. 7 , thesecond processing unit 62 includes, as a configuration of a circuit section, thesecond controller 62 a, amemory section 62 b, thecleaning section 62 c, therelay section 201, thetransfer sections section 210, thedelivery section 220, the reagent table 230, theheating section 240, thereagent dispensing section 250, thereagent storage section 260, thesecond measuring section 52, thetransfer section 310, and thedispensing section 320. - The
second controller 62 a controls each section in thesecond processing unit 62 according to a program stored in thememory section 62 b. Thememory section 62 b includes a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk, and the like. Thecleaning tank 205 described with reference toFIG. 3 , the flow path and the mechanism for flowing the cleaning liquid through thecleaning tank 205 and thenozzles cleaning section 62 c. - The
relay section 201 includes thedetector 201 b. Thedetector 201 b detects that thereaction container 21 is positioned in therelay section 201. As described with reference toFIG. 3 , thedetector 201 b includes thelight emitter 80 and thelight receiver 81. - The processing of the
sample measurement device 100 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown inFIG. 8 . The following description starts from the activation of thesample measurement device 100. Thesecond container 21 is not positioned in therelay section 201, and the holdinghole 201 a is vacant. - As shown in
FIG. 8 , when thesample measurement device 100 is started, thefirst controller 61 a drives the dispensingsection 30 and thecleaning section 40 to clean thenozzle 31 of the dispensingsection 30 in step S11. In step S12, thefirst controller 61 a drives thetransport unit 63 to transport thesample container 10 to the front of thebarcode reader 102, and drives thebarcode reader 102 to acquire the sample ID from the barcode label of thesample container 10. In step S13, thefirst controller 61 a makes an inquiry about the measurement order to thecontroller 64 a on the basis of the sample ID acquired in step S12. - In step S14, the
controller 64 a allocates the measurement order corresponding to the sample ID inquired by thefirst controller 61 a to thefirst controller 61 a and thesecond controller 62 a. For example, if the measurement order of the second measurement, that is, the measurement related to immunity, is set for the sample of the sample ID inquired by thefirst controller 61 a, thecontroller 64 a allocates combined information of the sample ID and the measurement order of the second measurement to thesecond controller 62 a. The allocated information is stored in thememory section 62 b. - On the other hand, the
controller 64 a allocates combined information of the sample ID inquired by thefirst controller 61 a and the measurement order to thefirst controller 61 a. The measurement order allocated to thefirst controller 61 a includes the measurement order of the second measurement. The allocated information is stored in thememory section 61 b. - Subsequently, in step S15, the
first controller 61 a drives thetransport unit 63 to position thesample container 10 at thesample suction position 103 a. - In step S16, the
controller 64 a determines whether a measurement order related to the blood coagulation test as the first measurement has been set for the sample ID associated with thesample container 10 at thesample suction position 103 a. - In step S17, when the measurement order related to the blood coagulation test is set for the sample ID associated with the
sample container 10, thecontroller 64 a causes thefirst controller 61 a to drive the dispensingsection 30 to suck the sample in thesample container 10 and to discharge the sucked sample into anew reaction container 21, that is, thefirst container 21, held in the reaction container table 120. - The sample dispensed in step S17 is a sample used for the measurement of a blood coagulation test, and is a sample stored in the
first container 21 as described above. In step S18, thecontroller 64 a controls thefirst controller 61 a such that the first measurement is performed on the first sample by thefirst measuring section 51. On the other hand, if the measurement order related to the blood coagulation test is not set, the processes in steps S17 and S18 are skipped. - In step S19, the
controller 64 a determines whether a measurement order related to an immunological test as the second measurement has been set for the sample ID associated with thesample container 10 at thesample suction position 103 a. - When the measurement order related to the immunological test is set, the
controller 64 a causes thefirst controller 61 a to drive the dispensingsection 30 to suck the sample in thesample container 10 and to discharge the sucked sample into anew reaction container 21, that is, thesecond container 21, held in the reaction container table 120 in step S20. The sample dispensed in step S20 is a sample used for the measurement of the immunological test, and is a sample stored in thesecond container 21 as described above. - In step S21, the
controller 64 a controls thesecond controller 62 a such that the second measurement is performed on the sample contained in thesecond container 21 by thesecond measuring section 52. On the other hand, if the measurement order related to the immunological test has not been set, the processes in steps S20 and S21 are skipped. - When the process is completed for one
sample container 10 positioned at thesample suction position 103 a, the process routine returns to step S11. Accordingly, in step S11, thefirst controller 61 a cleans thenozzle 31 of the dispensingsection 30. After that, thefirst controller 61 a performs the processes in steps S12 to S21 on thesubsequent sample container 10. - The second measurement in the above step S21 includes a process of transferring the
second container 21 containing the sample to therelay section 201 from thefirst processing unit 61, and receiving thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201 by thesecond processing unit 62 as described with reference toFIGS. 1 to 3 . The transfer of thesecond container 21 from thefirst processing unit 61 to thesecond processing unit 62 will be described below with reference toFIGS. 9A to 9C . - As shown in
FIG. 9A , in step 5101, thefirst controller 61 a drives thetransfer section 142 to transfer thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201. This second container stores the sample dispensed from thesample container 10 in step S19 inFIG. 8 . When thesecond container 21 is transferred to therelay section 201, that is, when thesecond container 21 is positioned in the holdinghole 201 a of therelay section 201, light from thelight emitter 80 is blocked by thesecond container 21. Therefore, the light from thelight emitter 80 is not received by thelight receiver 81. Thelight receiver 81 outputs to thesecond controller 62 a a signal indicating that the light from thelight emitter 80 is not received. This signal indicates that thesecond container 21 is positioned in therelay section 201. Thelight receiver 81 transmits this signal to thesecond controller 62 a. Thus, the situation in which thesecond container 21 is positioned in therelay section 201 is transmitted to thesecond controller 62 a. - When the signal indicating that the
second container 21 is present in therelay section 201 is transmitted from thelight receiver 81, that is, thedetector 201 b, to thesecond controller 62 a in step S101, thesecond controller 62 a drives thetransfer section 202 at an arbitrary timing to execute the receiving operation of receiving thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201 in step S102. Then, thesecond controller 62 a transfers thesecond container 21 to theholding section 210. That is, thesecond container 21 is set in the predetermined holdinghole 211 of the holdingsection 210. Thus, the reception of thesecond container 21 by thesecond processing unit 62 is completed. - In step S103, the
second controller 62 a transmits the second signal indicating that the reception of thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201 has been completed to thecontroller 64 a. In step S14 inFIG. 8 , the combined information of the sample ID and the measurement order is allocated by thecontroller 64 a and sorted in thememory section 62 b. For this reason, thesecond processing unit 62 knows the sample ID and the measurement order of the sample contained in thesecond container 21 to be transported to thesecond processing unit 62. Therefore, when transmitting the second signal to thecontroller 64 a, thesecond controller 62 a also transmits the information about the sample ID of the sample contained in the receivedsecond container 21 and the measurement order. Accordingly, thecontroller 64 a causes a memory section 64 b to store information indicating that thesecond container 21 has been transported to thesecond processing unit 62. - In step S103 in
FIG. 9A , the fact that the second signal is transmitted from thesecond controller 62 a to thecontroller 64 a means that the holdinghole 201 a of therelay section 201 is vacant. Therefore, it is possible to transfer the newsecond container 21 from thefirst processing unit 61 to therelay section 201. - As shown in
FIG. 9B , thecontroller 64 a transmits to thefirst controller 61 a the first signal indicating that thesecond container 21 can be transferred to therelay section 201 in step S201. - In step S202, when the first signal is transmitted from the
controller 64 a, thefirst controller 61 a drives thetransfer section 142 at an arbitrary timing to position thesecond container 21 in therelay section 201. -
FIG. 9C is a sequence diagram showing the processes in thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62 described with reference toFIGS. 9A and 9B . As shown inFIG. 9C , when detecting that thesecond container 21 is positioned in therelay section 201, thedetector 201 b transmits a signal indicating that thesecond container 21 is positioned in therelay section 201 to thesecond controller 62 a (S101). On the basis of this signal, thesecond controller 62 a performs a receiving operation of receiving thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201 by driving thetransfer section 202, and transfers thesecond container 21 to the holding section 210 (S102). After performing the receiving operation, thesecond controller 62 a transmits, to thecontroller 64 a, the second signal indicating that thesecond container 21 has been received from therelay section 201 together with the information regarding the sample (S103). - When receiving the second signal, the
controller 64 a transmits to thefirst controller 61 a the first signal indicating that thesecond container 21 can be transferred to the relay section 201 (S201). When receiving the first signal, thefirst controller 61 a executes the transferring operation of transferring thesecond container 21 containing the sample to therelay section 201 by driving the transfer section 142 (S202). - As described above, the
second container 21 is transferred from thefirst processing unit 61 to thesecond processing unit 62 via therelay section 201. - As shown in
FIGS. 1, 3, and 7 , in thesample measurement device 100, thesecond container 21 to be subjected to the second measurement is transported from thefirst processing unit 61 to thesecond processing unit 62 via therelay section 201. Accordingly, thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62 can transfer thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201 and receive thereaction container 21 from the relay section at a preferable timing for the respective processing units without being affected by each other's operating statuses. - Since the
first processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62 can access therelay section 201 at a preferable timing for each processing unit without being affected by each other's operating statuses, thesecond container 21 can be transferred from thefirst processing unit 61 to thesecond processing unit 62 even if first and second measurement cycles are different from each other. - The “measurement cycle” indicates a time required for measuring a sample. The measurement cycle is the total time required for each step included in one measurement. For example, if the first measurement includes a step of dispensing a reagent to the sample, a step of stirring the sample, a step of heating the sample, a step of centrifugation, and a step of performing a measurement for a predetermined measurement item, the first cycle in the first measurement indicates a time required to complete these five steps.
- For example, in a case where the time required for the first measurement and the time required for the second measurement are 40 seconds and 320 seconds, respectively, and the
relay section 201 is not provided in thesample measurement device 100, thefirst processing unit 61 can transfer thesecond container 21 to thesecond processing unit 62 every 40 seconds. However, thesecond processing unit 62 cannot receive thesecond container 21 until after 320 seconds. Therefore, in a case where therelay section 201 is not provided in thesample measurement device 100, thefirst processing unit 61 needs to be configured to transfer thesecond container 21 to thesecond processing unit 62 after waiting for 270 seconds. That is, it is necessary to synchronize the operations of thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62. - In this case, if the operations of the
first processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62 are slightly shifted, thesecond container 21 cannot be transferred from thefirst processing unit 61 to thesecond processing unit 62. Therefore, control for synchronizing the operations of thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62 needs to be set strictly, and such control is complicated. - On the other hand, the
sample measurement device 100 according to the first embodiment includes therelay section 201, and thus, thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62 can transfer and receive thereaction container 21 to and from therelay section 201 at an arbitrary timing. Therefore, there is no need to perform synchronous control of thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62. Accordingly, the control of thesample measurement device 100 is not complicated. - The time required for one measurement in the
first processing unit 61 and the time required for one measurement in thesecond processing unit 62 may be the same. - As shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , in thesample measurement device 100, the sample to be subjected to the second measurement is dispensed into thesecond container 21 by the dispensingsection 30 disposed in thefirst processing unit 61. As described above, in thesample measurement device 100 provided with two processing units, the dispensingsection 30 is shared, whereby an increase in size of thesample measurement device 100 can be prevented. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , thesecond processing unit 62 includes the holdingsection 210 that stores thesecond container 21 positioned in therelay section 201. The holdingsection 210 is provided with a plurality of holdingholes 211. With this configuration, therelay section 201 can be emptied by transferring thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201 to theholding section 210. Thus, thefirst processing unit 61 can transfer thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201 at an arbitrary timing. - When the plurality of holding
holes 211 of the holdingsection 210 is full of thesecond containers 21, thesecond controller 62 a transmits information indicating that “theholding section 210 is full” to thecontroller 64 a. Then, thecontroller 64 a transmits to thefirst controller 61 a information indicating that “transfer of thesecond container 21 to thesecond processing unit 62 is stopped”. Thus, the transfer of thesecond container 21 from thefirst processing unit 61 to thesecond processing unit 62 is temporarily stopped. When the measurement of the sample proceeds in thesecond processing unit 62, and there is avacant holding hole 211 in theholding section 210, thesecond controller 62 a transmits information indicating that “theholding section 210 can store thesecond container 21” to thecontroller 64 a. Then, thecontroller 64 a transmits to thefirst controller 61 a information indicating that “transfer of thesecond container 21 to thesecond processing unit 62 is possible”. - In the above case, the information regarding the holding
section 210 is exchanged between thesecond processing unit 62 and thefirst processing unit 61 via thecontroller 64 a. However, the information regarding the holdingsection 210 can be directly exchanged between thesecond controller 62 a and thefirst controller 61 a without the intervention of thecontroller 64 a. - In step S103 in
FIGS. 9A to 9C , thesecond controller 62 a transmits the second signal indicating that thesecond container 21 has been received from therelay section 201 to thecontroller 64 a, and also transmits the combined information of the sample ID of the sample contained in the receivedsecond container 21 and the measurement order to thecontroller 64 a. Thecontroller 64 a stores the combination of each sample ID and the measurement order corresponding to each sample ID in thememory section 61 b. However, thecontroller 64 a is not particularly notified of the information indicating that thesecond container 21 is transported from thefirst processing unit 61 to thesecond processing unit 62 via therelay section 201. Therefore, thecontroller 64 a does not recognize what kind of sample is being processed by thesecond processing unit 62. In view of this, thesecond controller 62 a transmits to thecontroller 64 a the combined information of the sample ID of the sample contained in the receivedsecond container 21 and the measurement order at the timing of transmitting the second signal to thecontroller 64 a. Thus, thecontroller 64 a can recognize that the sample to be measured is being supplied for the measurement without delay. - In the above steps S16 to S18, the
controller 64 a determines whether the order of the first measurement is set for the sample ID, and dispenses the sample and performs the first measurement on the sample by controlling thefirst controller 61 a. These steps may be performed by thefirst controller 61 a. - Specifically, in step S16, the
first controller 61 a determines whether the measurement order of the first measurement for the sample ID is set on the basis of the combined information of the sample ID and the measurement order acquired in steps S13 and S14. When the measurement order of the first measurement is set for the sample in step S16, thefirst controller 61 a causes thedispensing section 30 to discharge the sample to thesecond container 21 in step S17. Then, thefirst controller 61 a performs the first measurement based on the sample by thefirst measuring section 51. - In steps S19 and S20, the
second controller 62 a determines whether the measurement order of the second measurement for the sample ID is set on the basis of the combined information of the sample ID and the measurement order acquired in steps S13 and S14. When the measurement order of the second measurement is set for the sample in step S17, thefirst controller 61 a causes thedispensing section 30 to discharge the sample to be subjected to the second measurement to thesecond container 21 in step S20. - As shown in
FIG. 10 , asample measurement device 100 according to the second embodiment transfers and receives thesecond container 21 between thefirst controller 61 a and thesecond controller 62 a via therelay section 201 without the intervention of thecontroller 64 a of themanagement device 64. - A process of the
sample measurement device 100 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference toFIGS. 8, 11A, and 11B . Steps S1 to S21 in the flowchart shown inFIG. 8 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted. - As shown in
FIG. 11A , when thecontroller 64 a causes thefirst controller 61 a to drive the dispensingsection 30 to discharge the sample into thesecond container 21 in step S19 inFIG. 8 , the processes similar to those in steps S101 and S102 inFIG. 9A are performed in steps S301 and S302. - In step S302, the reception of the
second container 21 by thesecond processing unit 62 is completed, and therefore, the holdinghole 201 a of therelay section 201 is vacant in step S303. Therefore, thefirst processing unit 61 can position thesecond container 21 in therelay section 201. At this time, thesecond controller 62 a transmits to thefirst controller 61 a a third signal indicating that thesecond container 21 can be transferred to therelay section 201. - In step S304, when the third signal is transmitted from the
second controller 62 a, thefirst controller 61 a drives thetransfer section 142 at an arbitrary timing to transfer thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201. -
FIG. 11B is a sequence diagram showing the processes in thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62 described with reference toFIG. 11A . As shown inFIG. 11B , when thedetector 201 b detects that thesecond container 21 has been positioned in therelay section 201, thelight receiver 81 transmits a signal indicating this situation to thesecond controller 62 a (S301). On the basis of the signal, thesecond controller 62 a drives thetransfer section 202 to receive thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201 and transfer thesecond container 21 to the holding section 210 (S302). Then, the third signal indicating that thesecond container 21 can be transferred to therelay section 201 is transmitted from thesecond controller 62 a to thefirst controller 61 a (S303). When receiving the third signal, thefirst controller 61 a drives thetransfer section 142 to transfer thesecond container 21 to the relay section 201 (S304). - In this way, the
second container 21 is transferred from thefirst processing unit 61 to thesecond processing unit 62 via therelay section 201. - The
sample measurement device 100 according to the second embodiment transfers and receives thesecond container 21 between thefirst controller 61 a and thesecond controller 62 a via therelay section 201 without the intervention of thecontroller 64 a of themanagement device 64. Accordingly, thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond processing unit 62 can more quickly transfer thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201 and receive thereaction container 21 from therelay section 201. - In the first and second embodiments, the
detector 201 b of therelay section 201, that is, thelight receiver 81, is connected to only thesecond controller 62 a. Asample measurement device 100 according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which thelight receiver 81 is connected to both thefirst controller 61 a and thesecond controller 62 a. - As shown in
FIG. 12 , in thefirst processing unit 61, thefirst controller 61 a is connected to thedetector 201 b of therelay section 201 in addition to the circuit configuration diagram shown inFIG. 6 . - When the
sample measurement device 100 is configured as described above, the signal of thelight receiver 81 is output to both thefirst controller 61 a and thesecond controller 62 a. As described in the first embodiment, when thesecond container 21 is positioned in therelay section 201, the signal of thelight receiver 81 falls to a low level, and when thesecond container 21 is transferred from therelay section 201, the signal of thelight receiver 81 falls to a high level. Therefore, a signal indicating the presence or absence of thesecond container 21 in therelay section 201 is output from thedetector 201 b to thefirst controller 61 a and thesecond controller 62 a as a detection signal of thelight receiver 81. - When a signal indicating the presence of the
second container 21 is transmitted from thelight receiver 81 to thesecond controller 62 a, thesecond controller 62 a drives thetransfer section 202 to receive thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201. On the other hand, when a signal indicating that there is nosecond container 21 in therelay section 201 is transmitted from thelight receiver 81 to thefirst controller 61 a, thefirst controller 61 a transfers thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201. - As described above, in the third embodiment, the
second controller 62 a does not need to transmit the second signal indicating that thesecond container 21 is received to thecontroller 64 a, as it does in step S103, and thecontroller 64 a does not need to transmit to thefirst controller 61 a the first signal indicating that thesecond container 21 can be transferred, as it does in step S201, inFIGS. 9A to 9C in the first embodiment. - The
second controller 62 a does not need to transmit to thefirst controller 61 a the first signal indicating that thesecond container 21 can be transferred, as it does in step S303 inFIGS. 11A and 11B in the second embodiment. - As described above, the
first controller 61 a of thefirst processing unit 61 and thesecond controller 62 a of thesecond processing unit 62 can uniquely determine the presence or absence of thesecond container 21 in therelay section 201 on the basis of the signal from thedetector 201 b, that is, thelight receiver 81. Further, they can uniquely perform the transferring operation and receiving operation of thesecond container 21 without receiving the notification from the counterpart processing unit. Therefore, the receiving operation and the transferring operation of thesecond container 21 can be performed under simpler control. - The
detector 201 b may not be configured to detect the presence or absence of thesecond container 21 by using light. For example, thedetector 201 b may be configured such that, when thesecond container 21 having a predetermined weight or more is stored in therelay section 201, a switch is turned on by the weight of thesecond container 21, and a signal indicating that thesecond container 21 is positioned in therelay section 201 is output to thesecond controller 62 a. In this case, when thesecond processing unit 62 receives thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201, the switch is turned off, and a signal indicating that thesecond container 21 is not positioned in therelay section 201 is output to thefirst controller 61 a. Thus, thefirst controller 61 a knows that therelay section 201 is vacant, and can transfer thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201. - In the first to third embodiments, the
second processing unit 62 performs a measurement related to the immunological test. However, thesecond processing unit 62 may perform a measurement related to a test different from the immunological test. For example, thesecond processing unit 62 may perform a measurement related to a biochemical test. In this case, thesecond measuring section 52 performs a measurement related to the biochemical test. Thesecond measuring section 52 has a configuration similar to that in the case of performing a measurement related to a blood coagulation test. That is, thesecond measuring section 52 in this case also irradiates the measurement sample with light from thelight source part 411 and receives transmitted light or scattered light generated from the measurement sample by thelight receiving part 412. Then, thesecond controller 62 a generates measurement data used in an analysis related to the biochemical test on the basis of the electric signal transmitted from thelight receiving part 412. - The
controller 64 a performs an analysis related to a biochemical test on the basis of the measurement data generated by thesecond processing unit 62. Specifically, thecontroller 64 a analyzes the analysis items such as T-BIL, D-BIL, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, γ-GTP, T-CHO, CRE, and CK. - The
second processing unit 62 may perform a measurement related to a genetic test. - In the first to third embodiments, the first measurement and the second measurement are different from each other. However, they may be the same.
- Even when two measurements are the same, the cycles in the respective measurements may differ. If the
sample measurement device 100 is used in such a case, the two processing units can transfer thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201 and receive thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201 at an arbitrary timing without being affected by each other's operating statuses. - Although the number of the holding
holes 201 a of therelay section 201 shown inFIG. 3 is one, a plurality of the holdingholes 201 a may be provided in therelay section 201 as shown inFIG. 13 . In this case, thedetector 201 b is provided for each holdinghole 201 a. - For example, when the
second processing unit 62 is performing the second measurement, and has not yet received thesecond container 21 from therelay section 201, thefirst processing unit 61 can transfer thesecond container 21 to thevacant holding hole 201 a of therelay section 201. Therefore, thefirst processing unit 61 can transfer thesecond container 21 to therelay section 201 at an arbitrary timing of thefirst processing unit 61 without being affected by the operating status of thesecond processing unit 62. - In the first to third embodiments, the
second container 21 positioned in therelay section 201 is transferred to theholding section 210, and then, is subjected to the second measurement. However, thesecond container 21 may be directly transferred to thesecond measuring section 52 from therelay section 201. In this case, thesecond container 21 is transferred to thesecond measuring section 52 without passing through the holdingsection 210, so that the second measurement is performed efficiently. - In the first to third embodiments, the sample contained in the
sample container 10 is dispensed into thefirst container 21, and then, the sample contained in thesample container 10 is dispensed into thesecond container 21. However, after the sample is subjected to the first measurement, the sample contained in thefirst container 21 may be dispensed into thesecond container 21.
Claims (20)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2019-061846 | 2019-03-27 | ||
JP2019061846A JP7311996B2 (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | Specimen measuring device and specimen measuring method |
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US20200309801A1 true US20200309801A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
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US20080318323A1 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2008-12-25 | Mitsubishi Kagaku Iatron, Inc. | Apparatus for Multiple Automatic Analysis of Biosamples, Method for Autoanalysis, and Reaction Cuvette |
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US20100248293A1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-09-30 | Sysmex Corporation | Sample analyzer and sample analyzing method |
US20120171078A1 (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-05 | Shuhei Kaneko | Cuvette supplying device and specimen analyzer |
US20190339295A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-11-07 | Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation | Automated analyzer |
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US20040258566A1 (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2004-12-23 | The Automation Partnership (Cambridge) Limited | Transfer apparatus |
US20080318323A1 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2008-12-25 | Mitsubishi Kagaku Iatron, Inc. | Apparatus for Multiple Automatic Analysis of Biosamples, Method for Autoanalysis, and Reaction Cuvette |
JP2009210304A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-17 | Arkray Inc | Analyzer and analyzing system |
US20100248293A1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-09-30 | Sysmex Corporation | Sample analyzer and sample analyzing method |
US20120171078A1 (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-05 | Shuhei Kaneko | Cuvette supplying device and specimen analyzer |
US20190339295A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-11-07 | Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation | Automated analyzer |
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CN111751565A (en) | 2020-10-09 |
JP2020159968A (en) | 2020-10-01 |
EP3715857B1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
EP3715857A1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
JP7311996B2 (en) | 2023-07-20 |
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