US20200299603A1 - Use of lubricating compositions to improve the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine - Google Patents

Use of lubricating compositions to improve the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine Download PDF

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US20200299603A1
US20200299603A1 US16/612,201 US201816612201A US2020299603A1 US 20200299603 A1 US20200299603 A1 US 20200299603A1 US 201816612201 A US201816612201 A US 201816612201A US 2020299603 A1 US2020299603 A1 US 2020299603A1
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lubricant composition
engine
cleanliness
lubricant
alcohol
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US16/612,201
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Nicolas Champagne
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TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
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Total Marketing Services SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
    • C10M2227/066—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts derived from Mo or W
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/09—Complexes with metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/065—Saturated Compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/069—Linear chain compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/071—Branched chain compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines

Definitions

  • the invention concerns the use of a lubricant composition to improve the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine. More particularly, the invention concerns the use of an alcohol in a lubricant composition to improve the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine.
  • Oil change intervals are also most variable, being 5 000 km for some small diesel engines and may extend up to 100 000 km for diesel engines of modern commercial vehicles.
  • Lubricant compositions and in particular lubricant compositions for motor vehicle engines, must therefore have improved properties and performance levels.
  • the improvement of engine cleanliness generally comprises reduced formation of deposits, in particular the formation of deposits at high temperatures such as varnish, paint, carbon or coke deposits. Such deposits may form on hot surfaces of engine parts such as the bottom of piston grooves, turbocharger shafts or air compressors.
  • the substances contained in lubricant compositions may oxidize in contact with hot engine surfaces and generate the formation of insoluble products forming deposits.
  • Lubricant compositions are known from WO2015/179280 which comprise unsaturated fatty alcohols.
  • this type of fatty alcohol solidifies at temperatures in the region of 10° C. and therefore does not allow satisfactory cold start properties to be obtained.
  • a further objective of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition allowing the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine to be improved, having a formulation that is easy to implement.
  • a further objective of the invention is to provide a lubricant composition allowing an improvement in the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine and to reduce the content of detergent additives or dispersants.
  • a further objective of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition allowing an improvement in the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine whilst maintaining good cold start properties.
  • R is a saturated, linear or branched alkyl group having 10 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 36 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms, further preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms in a lubricant composition to improve the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine.
  • the improved engine cleanliness of the invention is considered to be an improvement in engine cleanliness compared with that obtained by a lubricant composition not containing the alcohol of the invention.
  • the applicant has surprisingly found that the presence of at least one alcohol of formula (I) in a lubricant composition allows improved cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine.
  • the applicant has also found that the presence of at least one alcohol of formula (I) additionally allows good cold start properties of the lubricant to be maintained.
  • the lubricant compositions of the invention have good cleanliness improving properties when in use in an engine, thereby allowing the content of detergent additives to be reduced in said lubricant compositions.
  • the alcohol is selected from among compounds of formula (I) where R is a saturated, branched alkyl group having 10 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 36 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms, further preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the inventors have shown that an alcohol having an alkyl chain with more than 36 carbon atoms is solid. Consequently, on cold starts the composition is insufficiently fluid and is therefore unable to fulfil its role. Additionally, the inventors have shown that an alcohol having an alkyl chain with fewer than 10 carbon atoms is highly volatile. Therefore, when an engine is in use, the alcohol volatilises and is consequently unable to fulfil its role. The choice of alcohol is therefore of essential importance in the invention.
  • the alcohol of formula (I) is of formula (Ia)
  • R 1 and R 2 are saturated, linear or branched alkyls selected so that the compound of formula (Ia) comprises 10 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 36 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms, further preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the alcohols of the invention are marketed by Ecogreen Oleochemicals under the trade names Ecorol 12/98®, Ecorol 14/98® and Ecorol 16/98®, or by Sasol under the trade Isofol®.
  • the alcohols of formula (I) where R is branched, or the alcohols of formula (Ia) which are branched alcohols are liquid at temperatures lower than 0° C. (low melt point), allowing optimized use of the lubricant compositions of the invention in 4-stroke vehicle engines.
  • the lubricant compositions comprising these alcohols have good cold start properties.
  • the lubricant composition comprises from 0.1 to 10 weight %, preferably 0.1 to 4 weight %, more preferably 0.2 to 3 weight %, advantageously 0.3 to 2.5 weight % of alcohol relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition.
  • the present invention also concerns a lubricant composition for 4-stroke vehicle engine, comprising:
  • the present application also concerns the use of a lubricant composition of the invention to improve the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine.
  • the invention also concerns a method for improving the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine, said method comprising at least one step to contact a mechanical part of the machine with a lubricant composition such as defined above.
  • the percentages indicated in the present application correspond to weight percentages of active substance.
  • the lubricant composition used in the invention may comprise any type of lubricant base oil whether mineral, synthetic or natural, animal or vegetable, known to persons skilled in the art.
  • the base oils used in the lubricant compositions of the invention can be oils of mineral or synthetic origin belonging to Groups 1 to V of the classes defined in the API classification (or equivalents in the ATIEL classification) (Table A), or mixtures thereof.
  • Viscosity Saturates Sulfur Index content content (VI) Group 1 ⁇ 90% >0.03% 80 ⁇ VI ⁇ 120 Mineral oils Group II ⁇ 90% ⁇ 0.03% 80 ⁇ VI ⁇ 120 Hydrocracked oils Group III ⁇ 90% ⁇ 0.03% ⁇ 120 Hydrocracked or hydroisomerized oils Group IV Polyalphaolefins (PAOs) Group V Esters and other bases not included in Groups 1 to IV
  • the mineral base oils of the invention include all types of base oils obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, deasphalting, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking, hydroisomerization and hydrofinishing.
  • the base oils of the lubricant compositions used in the invention can also be selected from among synthetic oils such as some esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols, and from among polyalphaolefins.
  • the polyalphaolefins used as base oils are obtained for example from monomers having 4 to 32 carbon atoms, e.g. from octene, decene or dodecene, and having a viscosity at 100° C. of between 1.5 and 15 mm 2 .s ⁇ 1 in accordance with standard ASTM D445.
  • Their molecular weight average is generally between 250 and 3 000 in accordance with standard ASTM D5296.
  • the base oils of the present invention are selected from among the above base oils having an aromatic content of between 0 and 45%, preferably between 0 and 30%.
  • the aromatic content of oils is measured using the UV Burdett method.
  • the lubricant composition used in the invention comprises at least 50 weight % of base oils relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the lubricant composition used in the invention comprises at least 60 weight %, even at least 70 weight % of base oils relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the lubricant composition used in the invention comprises from 60 to 99.5 weight % of base oils, preferably 70 to 99.5 weight % of base oils relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the preferred additives for the lubricant composition used in the invention are selected from among friction modifiers, detergents, anti-wear additives, extreme-pressure additives, viscosity index improvers, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point improvers, defoamers, thickeners and mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricant composition used in the invention comprises at least one anti-wear additive, at least one extreme-pressure additive or mixtures thereof.
  • Anti-wear additives and extreme-pressure additives protect rubbing surfaces by forming a protective film adsorbed on these surfaces.
  • anti-wear additives are selected from among phospho-sulfurized additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or ZnDTPs.
  • phospho-sulfurized additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or ZnDTPs.
  • the preferred compounds have the formula Zn((SP(S)(OR 3 )(OR 4 )) 2 where R 3 and R 4 , the same or different, are independently an alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Amine phosphates are also anti-wear additives that can be used in the lubricant composition of the invention.
  • the phosphorus contributed by these additives may act as poison for catalytic systems of motor vehicles since these additives generate ash.
  • These effects can be minimised by partly substituting amine phosphates by additives that do not contain phosphorus such as polysulfides for example in particular sulfurized olefins.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 6 weight %, preferably 0.05 to 4 weight %, more preferably 0.1 to 2 weight % of anti-wear and extreme-pressure additives relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may comprise at least one friction modifying additive.
  • the friction modifying additive can be selected from among a compound providing metal elements and an ash-free compound.
  • the compounds providing metal elements mention can be made of transition metal complexes such as Mo, Sb, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, the ligands of which may be hydrocarbon compounds comprising atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus.
  • Ash-free friction modifying additives are generally or organic origin and can be selected from among the monoesters of fatty acids and polyols, alkoxylated amines, alkoxylated fatty amines, fatty epoxides, borate fatty epoxides; fatty amines or fatty acid glycerol esters.
  • the fatty compounds comprise at least one hydrocarbon group having 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may comprise 0.01 to 2 weight %, or 0.01 to 5 weight %, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 weight % or 0.1 to 2 weight % of friction modifying additive relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may comprise at least one antioxidant additive.
  • An antioxidant additive generally allows delayed degradation of the lubricant composition in use. This degradation may notably translate as the formation of deposits, as the presence of sludge or as an increase in viscosity of the lubricant composition.
  • Antioxidant additives particularly act as radical inhibitors or hydroperoxide decomposers.
  • antioxidant additives frequently employed, mention can be made of antioxidant additives of phenolic type, antioxidant additives of amino type, phosphor-sulfurized antioxidant additives. Some of these antioxidant additives e.g. phospho-sulfurized antioxidant additives may generate ash. Phenolic antioxidant additives may be ash-free or may be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts.
  • Antioxidant additives can be selected in particular from among sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted by at least one C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, N,N′-dialkyl-aryl-diamines, and mixtures thereof.
  • the sterically hindered phenols are selected from among compounds comprising a phenol group in which at least one vicinal carbon of the carbon carrying the alcohol function is substituted by at least one C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, preferably a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, preferably a C 4 alkyl group, preferably by the tert-butyl group.
  • Amine compounds are another class of antioxidant additives that can be used, optionally in combination with phenolic antioxidant additives.
  • Examples of amino compounds are the aromatic amines e.g. the aromatic amines of formula NR 5 R 6 R 7 where R 5 is an aliphatic group or aromatic group, optionally substituted, R 6 is an aromatic group, optionally substituted, R 7 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or group of formula R 8 S(O) z R 9 where R 8 is an alkylene group or alkenylene group, R 9 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or aryl group and z is 0, 1 or 2.
  • Sulfurized alkyl phenols or the alkali or alkaline-earth metal salts thereof can also be used as antioxidant additives.
  • antioxidant additives are that of copper compounds e.g. copper thio- or dithio-phosphates, copper and carboxylic acid salts, copper dithiocarbamates, sulfonates, phenates and acetylacetonates. Copper I and II salts, the salts of succinic acid or anhydride can also be used.
  • copper compounds e.g. copper thio- or dithio-phosphates, copper and carboxylic acid salts, copper dithiocarbamates, sulfonates, phenates and acetylacetonates.
  • Copper I and II salts, the salts of succinic acid or anhydride can also be used.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may contain any type of antioxidant additives known to persons skilled in the art.
  • the lubricant composition comprises at least one ash-free antioxidant additive.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention comprises 0.5 to 2% by weight of at least one antioxidant additive relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may also comprise at least one detergent additive.
  • Detergent additives generally allow a reduction in the formation of deposits on the surface of metal parts by dissolving secondary oxidation and combustion products.
  • the detergent additives that can be used in the lubricant composition of the invention are generally known to skilled persons.
  • the detergent additives can be anionic compounds comprising a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and hydrophilic head.
  • the associated cation may be a metal cation of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal.
  • the detergent additives are preferably selected from among the salts of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals of carboxylic acids, sulfonates, salicylates, naphthenates and phenate salts.
  • the alkali or alkaline-earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium.
  • metal salts generally comprise the metal in stoichiometric amount or in excess i.e. an amount greater than the stoichiometric amount. They are then overbased detergent additives; the excess metal imparting the overbased nature to the detergent additive is then generally in the form of an oil-insoluble metal salt e.g. a carbonate, hydroxide, an oxalate, acetate, glutamate, preferably a carbonate.
  • an oil-insoluble metal salt e.g. a carbonate, hydroxide, an oxalate, acetate, glutamate, preferably a carbonate.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may comprise from 0.5 to 4 weight % of detergent additive relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may also comprise at least one pour point depressant additive.
  • pour point depressants By slowing the formation of paraffin crystals, pour point depressants generally improve the behaviour of the lubricant composition of the invention under cold temperatures.
  • pour point depressant additives mention can be made of alkyl polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes, alkylated polystyrenes.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may also comprise at least one dispersant.
  • the dispersant can be selected from among Mannich bases, succinimides and derivatives thereof.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention may comprise from 0.2 to 10% by weight of dispersant relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition
  • the lubricant composition of the present invention may also comprise at least one additive improving the viscosity index.
  • viscosity index improvers mention can be made of polymer esters, homopolymers or copolymers, hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated, styrene, butadiene and isoprene, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates (PMAs) or olefin copolymers in particular ethylene/propylene copolymers.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention can be in different forms.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention can be an anhydrous composition.
  • this lubricant composition is not an emulsion.
  • the above-defined lubricant composition is used to improve the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine.
  • the lubricant composition for 4-stroke vehicle is preferably characterized by a BN lower than 15, preferably lower than 10.
  • BN is determined in accordance with standard ASTM D-2896.
  • the lubricants for vehicle engine generally comprise little detergent.
  • vehicle engine according to the invention it is more particularly meant vehicle engines such as:
  • FIG. 1 Photo of piston underside after engine testing with a comparative composition (CC1).
  • FIG. 2 Photo of piston underside after engine testing with a composition of the invention (CI8).
  • the different components of the reference lubricant composition Cref1 were mixed according to the type and amounts given in Table 1.
  • Viscosity index improver (olefin copolymer) 5.5 Pour point depressant (polymethacrylate) 0.3 Friction modifier (organomolybdenum compound) 0.5 Detergent (calcium sulfonate) 0.5 Additive package comprising a dispersant of 8.7 succinimide type, amine antioxidant, phenolic antioxidant, anti-wear of zinc dithiophosphate type, detergent of overbased calcium sulfonate type, detergent of neutral calcium sulfonate type, a silicone defoamer)
  • Lubricant compositions of the invention CI1, CI2, CI3, CI4, CI5, CI6, CI7 were then prepared as a function of the type and amounts (weight %) given in Table 2.
  • Viscosity index improver 3.5 3.5 (polymethacrylate) Viscosity index improver 2 2 (Hydrogenated polyisoprene styrene (HPIS))
  • Pour point depressant additive 0.2 0.2 (polymethacrylate) Friction modifier 0.5 0.5 (organomolybdenum compound)
  • Additive package comprising a 14.8 14.8 dispersant of succinimide type, detergent of calcium sulfonate type, detergent of calcium carbonate type Lauryl alcohol 4 2 4 Ecorol ®12/98 marketed by Ecogreen Oleochemicals
  • the engine cleanliness performance of the lubricant compositions CI8 and CC1 was evaluated with the following method.
  • Each lubricant composition (8 Kg) was evaluated using a cleanliness test for a vehicle diesel engine with common rail.
  • the engine capacity was 1.4 L for 4 cylinders.
  • Engine power was 80 kW.
  • the test cycle length was 96 hours alternating idle speed and a speed of 4 000 rpm.
  • the temperature of the lubricant composition was 145° C. and the water temperature of the cooling system was 100° C. No oil change and no topping-up of lubricant were performed during the test. EN 590 fuel was used.
  • the test took place in two phases for a total time of 106 hours with a first rinsing and run-in phase for 10 hours followed by a second step with the evaluated composition (4 kg), and finally an endurance step lasting 96 hours with the evaluated composition (4 kg).
  • Example 2 The results confirm those of Example 2 regarding the improvement in engine cleanliness afforded by a lubricant composition comprising an alcohol of the invention (lubricant composition CI8), in comparison with a lubricant composition not containing an alcohol of the invention (lubricant composition CC1).
  • Engine speed 3600 rpm Engine load 250 N-m Oil temperature of oil filter 150° C. Outgoing temperature of coolant 115° C. Fuel pressure 377.5 kPa Incoming air temperature 35° C. Incoming air pressure 0.05 kPa Air dewpoint temperature 16.1° C. Exhaust counter-pressure 6 kPa Coolant flow rate 160 L/min Condenser coolant flow rate 10 L/min Air/fuel ratio 15.0:1 Temperature of condenser coolant 40° C.
  • compositions in Table 8 were tested for their cold start properties:
  • the viscosity of the compositions of the invention was lower than in the comparative composition.
  • This MRV test allows simulation of engine lubrication conditions on cold starts and in particular the pumpability of the lubricant on cold starts.
  • the compositions of the invention therefore have better cold pumpability than compositions not containing a fatty alcohol.
  • the fluidity of the compositions of the invention was lower than in the comparative composition.
  • This CCS test allows simulation of engine lubrication conditions on cold starts, and in particular the fluidity of the lubricant on cold starts allowing ignition of the engine.
  • the compositions of the invention therefore have better cold start fluidity than the compositions not containing a fatty alcohol.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US16/612,201 2017-05-15 2018-05-15 Use of lubricating compositions to improve the cleanliness of a 4-stroke vehicle engine Abandoned US20200299603A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR1754249A FR3066200A1 (fr) 2017-05-15 2017-05-15 Compositions lubrifiantes pour ameliorer la proprete d'un moteur de vehicule 4-temps
FR1754249 2017-05-15
PCT/EP2018/062553 WO2018210829A1 (fr) 2017-05-15 2018-05-15 Utilisation de compositions lubrifiantes pour ameliorer la proprete d'un moteur de vehicule 4-temps

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EP (1) EP3625315A1 (fr)
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CN (1) CN110621765A (fr)
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WO (1) WO2018210829A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210095220A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2021-04-01 Imperial College Of Science, Technology And Medicine Lubricant compositions
EP3976742A4 (fr) * 2019-05-30 2023-06-07 Fluitec International LLC Compositions d'amélioration de solvant, procédés de préparation et d'utilisation associés
WO2024091494A1 (fr) * 2022-10-25 2024-05-02 The Lubrizol Corporation Compositions lubrifiantes et procédés de lubrification de moteurs à combustion interne

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3145361A1 (fr) * 2023-01-27 2024-08-02 Totalenergies Onetech Utilisation d’une composition lubrifiante comprenant au moins une huile de base et au moins un alcool gras

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB570951A (en) * 1942-04-29 1945-07-31 Shell Dev Improved lubricants adapted to soften carbon depositst in internal combustion engines
DK1914295T5 (en) * 2006-10-11 2014-03-17 Total Marketing Services Lubricant for ship engines that use fuel oil with low or high sulfur content
US10358619B2 (en) * 2014-05-19 2019-07-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydroxy functionalized ashless additive
CA2951854C (fr) * 2014-06-09 2023-03-14 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubrifiants synthetiques industriels presentant une compatibilite amelioree

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210095220A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2021-04-01 Imperial College Of Science, Technology And Medicine Lubricant compositions
EP3976742A4 (fr) * 2019-05-30 2023-06-07 Fluitec International LLC Compositions d'amélioration de solvant, procédés de préparation et d'utilisation associés
US11959040B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2024-04-16 Fluitec N.V. Solvency enhancer compositions, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof
WO2024091494A1 (fr) * 2022-10-25 2024-05-02 The Lubrizol Corporation Compositions lubrifiantes et procédés de lubrification de moteurs à combustion interne

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EP3625315A1 (fr) 2020-03-25
FR3066200A1 (fr) 2018-11-16
KR20190142771A (ko) 2019-12-27
WO2018210829A1 (fr) 2018-11-22
WO2018210829A8 (fr) 2019-12-12

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