US2019527A

US2019527A - Balanced door

Info

Publication number: US2019527A
Application number: US595324A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edward H Ellison
Original assignee: Ellison Bronze Co Inc
Current assignee: Ellison Bronze Co Inc
Priority date: 1932-02-26
Filing date: 1932-02-26
Publication date: 1935-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 1952-11-05

Description

NOV. 5, 1.935. i E H, ELUSON I 2,019,527

BALANCED DOOR Original Filed Feb. 26, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 mw )Wlmfju |Nvr-:N-ron EDWARD H. ELLlsoN BEM/Maz ATTORNEYS E. H. ELLISON I BALANCED DOOR Nov. 5, 1935.

original Filed Feb. 26, 1952 vsheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR EDWAR D H. ELLISON BY v @0M/4m ATTORNEYS E. H. ELLISON Nov. 5, 1935.

BALANCED booR 7 sheets-'sheet 3 Original Filed Feb. 26, 1932 m2 a m s o: m2

INVENTOR EDWARD H ELLISON ATTORNEYS Nov. 5, 1935. E, H., ELLlsoN 2,019,527

BALANCED DOOR Original Filed Feb. 26, 1932 '7 SJheets-Sheet 4.

EDWAR D H ELLISON ATTORNEYS E. H. ELLISON Nov. 5, 1935.

BALANGED DOOR Original Filed Feb. 26, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 w mu u NE lL WH. m mm A i m o E m i E a Nw 34., N2 am E. H. ELLISON N Ov. 5, 1935.

BALANCED DOOR Original Filed Feb. 26, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 low 'lllllllllllllll/II.

INVENToR EDWARD H. ELLlsoN BY @f/UQAM ATTORNEYS.

E. H. ELLISON 'BALANQED DOOR Nov. 5, 1935.

Original Filed Feb. 26, 1932 .7 Sheets-Sheet 7' INvr-:NToR EDWARD H. ELLIso/N ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 5, 1935 UNITED STAT Ellison Bronze Company,

Inc., Jamestown,

N. Y., a corporation of New York Application February 26, 1932, Serial No. 595,324 Renewed September 12, 1935 31 Claims.

The present invention relates to doors and improved means of mounting them for sliding and swinging movement to and from an open and closed position; said means being easy to operate and simple to construct and assemble.

More specifically, the invention comprises a door and door mounting construction wherein the door is balanced, so to speak, to render the same easy to open and to maintain closed against high wind pressures and other disturbing influences. Where doors are used for service in entrances and vestibules of oilce and public buildings, they are required to swing outwardly and the wind pressure thereagainst often makes them extremely diflicult to operate. In doors of this character, door closers must be used which exert pressure upon the doors to maintain them closed against wind pressure from the inside, as for example, due to a current of air from the vestiloule. The pressure required in these door closers adds to the difliculty of opening the doors and thus frequently becomes objectionable.

The present invention proposes to balance doors of this character by mounting them in such fashion that part of the door swings inwardly while the other part swings outwardly. In this fashion, the pressure exerted upon one side of the door is in substantial equilibrium in view of the fact that part of such pressure tends to open the door and part tends to maintain the same closed. This construction obviously requires less normal pressure to maintain the door closed and hence permits a door closer construction to be employed having a comparatively slight spring pressure.

Furthermore, the construction is such that all of the parts may beconveniently contained within the door to avoid unsightly projections and irregular contours and to permit free application of architectural design. The door construction is further adapted to receive all modern improvements which it is desired to apply thereto and is of adequate strength to withstand the severe stresses and strains impressed thereon when in use.

An object of the invention, accordingly, is to rovide an improved door mounting means whereby wind pressures upon the sides of a door may be equalized and the resistance heretofore produced thereby eliminated.V

A further object of the invention is to provide a door mounting mechanism of the above character wherein a door closer may be utilized having a comparatively slight spring pressure serv--` ing to maintain a door normally closed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction of the above character, wherein the mounting and auxiliary elements are maintained within the door in order that the architectural design and beauty of the door may be 5,

preserved.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved door mounting mechanism by means of which the adjustable spacing of the door vertically may be effected.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved door closing mechanism.

A further object of the invention is to provide a closing mechanism for doors, wherein the mechanism is contained within the door struc- 151 further object of the invention is to provide an improved holding mechanism for holding a balanced door in its open position.

A further object of the invention is to provide a mounting mechanism for balancingv doors against wind pressures, such mechanism includ- 3o ing mounting arms in combination with a straightening out or door closing mechanism, as well as a door check.

' A further object of the invention is to provide a mounting mechanism for doors of the above 35 character by means of which the same may be readily installed and dismounted, the mechanism further being adapted for use in connection with jambs of varying height. y

Further objects not specically enumerated 40 above, will become apparent or be referred to as the invention is described in greater detail in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a view in lfront elevation, showing 45 arrows, showing the door mounting mechanism in plan. l

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing one door moved to a fully open position and another door moved to a partially opened position.

Figure 4 is a view in section, taken on line 55 A 4 4 of Figure 2, and looking in the direction of the arrows, this figure showing the straightening out device for a door constructed in accordance with the present invention, also the door check device, adjustable hinge pin, and a device for holding the door in an open position.

Figure 5 is a View in section, taken on line 5-5 of Figure 4, looking in the direction of the arrows and showing a plan view of the device for holding the door in open position.

Figure 6 is a view in section, taken on line 6 6 of Figure 4, and looking in the direction of the arrows, this view shows the upper door mounting arm secured to the top of the hinge and connected to the top of the door and also illustrates how the arms may be made in two pieces if desired, to reduce the cost of manufacturing and maintaining a stock of such arms of different sizes to be used in hinging doors of various widths at either the right or left hand edges thereof.

Figure 1 is a view in section, showing the lower bearing for the door mounting mechanism with the lower door mounting arm secured to the bottom of the hinge and connected to the bottom of the door, together with the manner of adjusting the tension on the coiled spring mounted in said hinge.

Figure 8 is a view in section, taken on line 8-8 of Figure 7, and looking in the direction of the arrows, and showing, in dot and dash lines, the door in open position.

Figure 9 is a view in section, taken on line S--Q of Figure 7, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 10 is a view in section, taken on line |6| 0 of Figure 4, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 11 is a View in section, taken on line l I-I I of Figure 4, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 12 is a view in section, taken on line |2-I2 of Figure 4, and looking in the direction of the arrows. i

Figure 13 is a view in section, taken on line |3|3 of Figure 4, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 14 is a view in section, taken on line Ill- I4 of Figure 4, Vand looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 15 is a View in section, taken on line |5-l5 of Figure 6, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 16v is a view in section taken on line IE--I of Figure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 1'7 is a View in section, taken on line I 1-11 of Figures 3 and 16, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 18 is a view showing the mechanism for adjusting the tension on the hinge spring of the door.

Figure 19 is a view in section, taken on line lf3-I9 of Figure 18 and looking in the direction of the arrows. l

Referring to the above drawings, a door of any desired shape or design is shown at 20. A handle 2| and push bars 22 are mounted thereon in the usual fashion. The door is adapted to be swingably andslidably mounted in a suitable doorway formed by a floor 23, a cornice 24 and hollow mullions 25, on a tubular hinge or pivot means 25 disposed within the mullions and upper and

lower arms

21 and 28 welded, brazed or otherwise secured at the ends of the hinge.

Referring now to Figure '7, it will be seen that a collar 30 is formed on the upper side of the lower arm 28 and is adapted to t into the lower end of the tubular hinge 26 to which it is securely fastened or welded thereto as above described. s

The lower side of the arm 28 is formed to receive a ball step or thrust bearing 3| adapted to support the weight of the door 26 in a manner to be hereinafter described. Mounted in the floor 23 is a gear box 32 to which the mullions 25 and m thresholds 33 are secured, see also Figures 18 and 19. A gear 34 having a hub 35 on the bottom rface thereof is rotatably mounted in a bearing 36 formed in the bottom of the gear box 32; the gear 34 being held in position by a plate 31 which is fastened to the gear box by screws 38. The plate 31 surrounds a hub 39 formed on the upper face of the gear 34 and is adapted to hold the gear 34 in the bearing 36. A key 4D is lsecured in notches 4| formed in the sides of a counter- -10 bore 42 cut in the upper face of the gear in any suitable manner. As here shown the key 40 is secured in the notches 4| by swaging the sides of the notches against the key, as shown at 43 in Figure 18. A stud 44, having a kerf 45 cut g5 in the head thereof and adapted to engage the key 40, is screwed into the end of a shaft 46 against the lower race 41 of the thrust bearing 3| and locked therein by means of a pin 48. The shaft 46 is revolubly mounted in the hinge 26 30 in a bearing 49 formed through the hub of arm 28 and the collar 30 above described.

A spring 52, having one end disposed over a pilot 53 and located in a notch 54 formed in the shaft 46 and the other end disposed over a plug 35 55 and located in a notch 56, both of which are anchored to the hinge 26 by a pin 51, serves to hold the door 2D closed or to close said door when it is open, as will more fully appear hereinafter.

The shaft 46 is held in position, with the race 41v Q against the balls of the thrust bearing 3|, by means of a circular plate 6| and gasket 62 secured to the bottom of the arm 28 and disposed around the head of the stud 44. Oil holes 63 are provided in the hinge 26 and collar 36 for oiling the 45 bearing 49, and the gasket 62 above described is adapted to prevent oil from leaking from said bearing. The elevation of the hinge 26 and arm 28 may be varied with respect tothe thresholds 33 and gear 34 by means of shims 64 disposed in the 50 bottom of the counterbore 42 under the head of the stud 44.

Referring now to Figures 18 and 19 it will be seen that a pinion 61 meshing with the gear 34 is mounted in a bearing 68 formed in the bottom 55 of the gear box 32. The pinion is provided at its center with a square hole 69 so that by means of a similarly shaped wrench or key, not shown, it may be rotated at will to turn the gear 34 and adjust the tension of the spring 52 as hereinafter GQ described. A dog 16, urged to coact with the teeth of the gear 34 by a spring 1 I, is mounted in the bottom of the gear box 32, to hold the gear 34 in any desired position. A removable plate 12, see Figure 8, is fastened to the gear box 32 over the 65 pinion 61 and dogs 16, by means of screws 13, so as to give ready access to these parts for the adjustment of the tension of the spring 52.

From the mechanism thus far described, it will be seen that the hinge 26 and arm 28 are sup- 70 ported by the gear 34 and adapted to rotate on the thrust bearing 3| and moreover that when the pinion 61 is rotated in a clockwise direction, the gear 34, key 40 and stud 44 will be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction and put a tension 75 on the spring 52 which will serve to urge the

arms

21 and 28, or particularly the hinge 26, to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction and assist in closing the door 20 or to serve as a means of holding said door closed.

The upper end of the hinge 26 carries an axially movable pin 16 which is received within a bearing 11, formed in the upper arm 21 and a collar or bushing 18 fo-rmed thereon. The bushing 18 of the arm 21 is welded to the hinge 26 as above described. A slot 19 formed in the hinge 26 receives set screws which are screwed into the pin 16. By removing the lower set screw, see Figure 13, the pin may be dropped to the position indicated in dot and dash lines and the door easily removed. In the position shown in solid line the pin 16 engages a bearing 8| located in one end of a channel bracket 82 mounted within the cornice 24 and thus the door 20 is hung in a suitable manner on hinge or pivot means 26 and

arms

21 and 28, as above described. It will be seen from Figure 1 that the upper and

lower arms

21 and 28 extend horizontally from the upper and lower ends of the hinge 26 respectively.

The extremity of the lower arm 28 is constructed to form a pivotal connection with the door and includes a socket 85 adapted to receive a hardened disc 86 and a cup 81. The cup 81 is provided with a convex bottom 88 and a rounded annular rib 89 whereby it is adapted to variously position itself in the socket 85 on the disc 86. A downwardly extending bearing 90, carried by a bracket 9| which is secured to the bottom of the door 20 in a recess 92 is adapted to t into the cup 81. disc 93, having a key 94 adapted to fit in a notch in the bottom of the bearing and a second hardened disc 95, are disposed in the bottom of the cup 81. An oil hole 96 is provided in the bracket 9| through which the bearing 90,

discs

93 and 95 may be oiled. From Figures 1, 7 and 9, it will be seen that the parts just described are adapted to furnish support for the bottom of the door 20 and that when said door is closed the arm 28 will fit into recess 92 so as not toconstitute an objectionable interruption to the even surface and contour thereof.

The upper arm 21, see Figures 4 and 6, engages a shaft 98, having a squared end, for supporting the top of the door and operating a door closure and check in a manner which will be described hereinafter; the axis of the squared shaft 99 being aligned with the axis of the bearing 90 and cup 81 in order that the door may be journalled or have a pivotal connection with each arm upon a single vertical axis which lies between the edges thereof.

It will be seen from Figure 15 that the faces of the shaft 99 are provided with rounded ribs |08 and adapted to fit into a hardened bearing I0 secured in the end of the arm 21 by means of rivets |02. The rib 89 on the cup 81 and the rib |00 on the shaft 99, with which the lower and upper arms cooperate respectively serve to permit these parts to properly adjust themselves, notwithstanding they may be slightly out of alignment. The swinging movement of the door 20 is therefore xed by the hinge 26 and the vertical axis passing through the extremities of the

arms

21 and 28.

The sliding movement of the door is guided by means of a ball bearing roller |03 journalled upon a stub shaft |04 mounted upon the top of the door. The roller |03 is adapted to travel in the channel bracket 82, which is mounted within a soit of the cornice 24 by means of screws |05, and

A hardened depending lugs |06 adapted to fit into the top of the mullion 25, see Figures 4, 13 and 17. The roller |03 thus imparts a sliding movement to the door while the

arms

21 and 28 impart a swinging movement thereto as above described. The 5t arms 21-28, in combination with the portion of the door between the axis of the shaft 99 -and roller |03, constitute a toggle which is utilized in a manner hereinafter described to facilitate the closing and opening of the door. 10v

Within the upper wall of the channel bracket 82 a detent or door holder |01 is mounted to rock on a bolt |08, see Figures 4 and 5. A finger hole |09 is formed in the detent to facilitate its adjustment to and from the position shown in 15.'

Figures 4 and 17 respectively. A ball H0, urged by a spring confined in a housing I2 formed on the top of the bracket 82 by means of a pin H3, is adapted to fit into depressions |4 in the face of the door holder |01 to retain said holder 20.:

in an inoperative position as shown in Figure 4 or in an operative position as shown in Figure 17. A stop I5, formed on the end of the holder near the bolt |08 and stops ||6 formed at the upper edge of the face of the holder, serve to limit the 25.y

movement thereof to the positions above described.

Within the door, and preferably at the top thereof adjacent the shaft 99 is a cylinder |20 provided with heads 2| and |22. |23 having a diameter adapted to permit it to be compressed against the head |22 by the axial movement of a reciprocating pistonv |24 is mounted within the cylinder |20. The piston |24 is formed with rack teeth |25 which engage a 35-` pinion |26 mounted upon or formed integrally with the squared shaft 99 an-d thus relative rotation between the door 20 and arm 21 cause the shaft 99 and pinion |26 to move the piston |24 A piston 40`K |21 into said kerf, see Figure 4, for the passage 50' of fluid from the end of the cylinder in which the spring |23 is located, to the compression end |33, of the cylinder. The end of the hole |32 in the piston head |21 is enlarged and formed to provide a seat |34 for a ball |35 to prevent the 55 flow of fluid through the passage |30 when the piston is forced toward the head |2| and to permit said flow when the piston is moved toward the spring |23 and head |22. The ball |35 'is retained in the opening at the middle of the hole |32 00 and in proximity to the seat |34 by pins |36 and |31. Obviously, other means may be employed by which the passage |30 may be made to perform the functions above mentioned and I am not to be understood to limit this part of my invention to 85r and roller |03 are mouted. The casing |40 is 75 i A coil spring 301 fastened to the top of the door, in an opening provided therefor, by screws |44 passing through the plate and a screw I 45 passing through the back edge of the door into the body of the casing, see Figures 6 and 16.

The casing |40 and cylinder |25 is nlled with a fluid medium to afford the desired gradual checking eifect to the door, and the piston within the cylinder. A duct |54 is formed in the casing |49 and is adapted to communicate with thecylinder i2' through the chambers |42, ports |55 and |56 leading from said duct |54 to the cylinder. The duct |54 communicates with the region of the cylinder back of the piston head through the chambers |42 while the ports |55 and |56 communicate with the compression end, |33, of the cylinder. The outward end of the duct |54 is closed by a set screw |51. The size of the port 555 is adapted to be variably controlled by a needle valve |58 mounted in the casing |49 in any suitable well known manner. The passage of fluid through the port is controlled by ball check valve |59 which, by means of a seal |69 is sealed in .position after the mechanism is assembled and ready for use. An opening adapted to be closed by a screw |6| is provided for the introduction of the fluid medium, such as oil, glycerine the like for filling the cylinder |20 and associated voids.

From the above it will be seen that when the doors shown in Figure 2 are opened to the positions shown in Figure 3 the upper arm 21 will rotate the pinion |26 in a clockwise direction with reference to the door 29. By virtue of such rotation of the pinion |26 the piston |24 will move from the compression end, |33, of the cylinder |25 toward the spring |23 and when the piston |24 comes in Contact with the spring |23 it will continue so to move until the door is fully opened. One purpose therefore of the spring l 23 is to cushion the door when it is suddenly opened to full open position and another purpose is to serve as a means of affording an initial assistance toward closing the door when desired. The pinion |26 and piston |24, irrespective of their door checking function, also provide means for delaying the tensioning of the second spring |23 until the door is partially open. The pinion and piston have, therefore, a double function of providing a door check and a delaying means for tensioning the second spring |23, which functions are joined in the one structure for the purpose of simplifying the construction.

As the piston |24 is moved toward the spring |23, fluid from the spring end of the cylinder |25 will flow through the piston past the valve |35 into the compression end of the cylinder. When the door starts to close the valve |35 will close against the seat |34 and prevent the passage of fluid through the passage |39 such that the only escape for the fluid which is trapped in the compression end, |33, of the cylinder |29 is through the ports |55 and |56, the duct |54 and the fluid chamber 42 to the spring end of the cylinder. At first, such fluid will escape through both ports |55 and |55. This will continue until the piston head |21 passes and closes the port |55 and thereafter during the final closing movement of the door, all fluid trapped in the compres- -5 sion end of the cylinder must pass through the port 55. Having provided the needle valve |53 for controlling the size of the port |55, as above described, I am able to control the rate at which the door is finally closed. l0 The construction described is very effective as will now be discussed. The broader aspect of the invention deals with the toggle formed by the arm 21 and the door with the respective three

pivot points

16, and 99 shown in Figure 10, and 15 the guide means roller |03. The toggle is best shown in Figure 3. Now a spring 52 tends to rotate the arm 21 when the door is open to close the door. Any such spring means, of course, has its maximum tension when the door is open and 20 minimum tension when the door is closed. Because of this fact, a substantial initial tension is usually applied to the spring in order to insure that the door will close. In the construction herein, a decreasing tension in the spring 52 as 25 the door closes is compensated for by an increasing power advantage in the toggle, that is, as the toggle approaches straightened position its mechanical advantage is greatest, thereby transforming the lesser spring force into an increas- 30- ing door closing effort because of the toggle.

Again, when the door is in full open position, the toggle, represented by the arm 21 and the door with the

pivots

16,99 and |03, is in a position where the force of the spring 52 is least ef- 35 fective to close the door. In order to augment the spring in this position, a second spring means |23, Figure 4, is provided which acts upon the pivot 99 to rotate it and the door and aids particularly the initial door closing movement. 40l

Attention is also called to the door check which has been applied to the pivot 99 or the pivot at the knee of the toggle in combination with' a door closing spring 52 applied to one of the arms of the toggle, or particularly to the pivot for the 45 arm 28. The door check applied at the pivot at the knee of the toggle or pivot 99 provides a pivot having twice the extent of rotation, as compared with the rotation of the pivot for the arm 28 which is the usual point of application of a 5() door check, or at the pivot |93. This greater extent of rotation of the pivot 99 eifects a more accurate and more easily controlled door check.

From the foregoing it will be seen that my door mounting mechanism comprises a spring 52, the 55 tension of which is increased during the time the door is being opened and during the time tension is being stored in the spring |23 in. the cylinder |20, so that the initial tendency toward closing the door is simultaneously supplied by the spring 52 in the hinge and the spring |23 in the cylinder. Having provided means for varying the tension on the spring 52, I am able to regulate the pressure necessary to open the door and also the spring tension, or force, which tends to close the same.

From the foregoing, it will also be seen that a door mounting structure has been provided which is simple of construction and of great strength. The elements are few in number and are readily assembled and aiford an effective means for hanging a door at a desired height. Provision is made for swinging the door in doorways of slightly varying dimensions without requiring a material change in the structure, thus adding to the convenience of the device and the ability to standardize the parts thereof. Movement of the door to and from open and closed positions is effected with facility in view of the fact that a portion of the door swings in while another portion swings out, thus balancing the eective pressures upon the sides thereof to prevent wind pressure, etc., from resisting such movement. The toggle effect of themounting mechanism including the arm 21 and pivot connections of the door thereto, in addition to a portion of the door between such pivot connections and the guide rollers H33, facilitate a checking of the movement of the door as it approaches a closed position. The means for straightening out the toggle elements and thus closing the door is simple in construction and contained within the door and mounting itself, thus improving the appearance thereof and permitting doors of any design to be used. Combined with the straightening out elements is a door check described above, and a door closing spring mounted in the hinge and these devices, being formed as a unit, add to the simplicity of the structure.

While the invention has been described with specific reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not for this reason to be understood as limited save as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. Means for mounting a door comprising a hinge mounted in a doorway for supporting a door between the vertical edges thereof, a spring disposed in the hinge for closing said door, and means for variably tensioning said spring, said tensioning means comprising an anchor and a shaft in said hinge to which the ends of said spring are respectively fixed, means mounted in the floor for rotating said shaft and means for locking said shaft in various positions.

2. Means for mounting a door comprising a hinge mounted in a doorway for supporting a door between the vertical edges thereof, a spring disposed in the hinge for closing said door, and means for variably tensioning said spring, said tensioning means comprising an anchor and a shaft in said hinge to which the ends of said spring are respectively fixed, a gear mounted in the floor and fixed to said shaft for rotating said shaft and a dog for locking said shaft in various positions.

3. Means for mounting a door comprising a hinge mounted in a doorway for supporting a door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising a tube and a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof a spring disposed in the tube for closing said door, and means for Variably tensioning said spring, said tensioning means comprisingan anchor and a shaft in said tube to which the ends of said spring are respectively fixed, means mounted in the floor for rotating said shaft and means for locking said shaft in various positions.

4. A door organization comprising in combination, a door, a door check, a hinge mounted in a doorway for supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, means for operatively connecting said hinge to the door check, -a tensioned spring for closing the door, said door check comprising means adapted to be progressively tensioned during the door opening movement to yieldingly limit the extent to which the door may be opened and to assist the door closing spring in closing said door. I

5. A door organization comprising in combination, a door, a door check, a tubular hinge mounted in a ldoorway for supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof, one of said arms being operatively connected to the door 5 door may be opened and to assist the hinge spring 15.

in closing said door.

6. A door organization comprising in combination, a door, a door check, a hinge mounted in a doorway for supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising a 20 pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof, one of said arms being operatively connected to the door check, a tensioned spring operatively connected to the hinge for closing the door, means for increasing the tension 25 on said hinge spring as the door is opened, said door check comprising a cylinder, a piston, means operated by the relative movement between the door and hinge to move said piston to and fro in said cylinder, and a spring in said cylinder 30 adapted to be compressively tensioned by the piston during the latter part of the door opening movement to yieldingly limit the extent to which the door may be opened and to assist the hinge spring during the initial part of the door clos- 35 ing movement in closing said door.

'7. A door organization, comprising in combination, a door; hinge means for the door including, an arm, pivot means fo-r the arm supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a 40 pivotal connection between the outer end of the arm and the door; means guiding the door at a point between the vertical edges of the door, the arm forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means form- 45.

ing the other link of a toggle, and spring means connected with the arm to rotate the latter and close the door.

8. A door organization, comprising in combination, a door; hinge means for the door including, an arm, pivot means for the arm supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end of the arm and the door at a vpoint between the vertical edges thereof; means guiding the door at a point between the vertical edges of the door, the arm forming one link and the door'between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and spring means connected with the arm to rotate the latter` and 50 close the door.

9. A door organization, comprising in combination, a door; hinge means for the door includingfa pair of arms, pivot means for each arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end of each arm and the door at a point between the vertical edges thereof; means guiding the door at a point between the vertical edges of the door, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection'and the guiding means forming the other link of a togglefand spring means connected with one of the arms to rotate the latter and close the door.

10. A door organization, comprising in combi- 754 nation, a door; hinge meansfor the door including, an arm, pivot means for the arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end of the arm and the door at a point between its vertical edges; means guiding the door at a point between the vertical edges of the door, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal vconnection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and spring means connected with the pivot means to rotate the latter and close the door.

11. A door organization, comprising in combination, a door; hinge means for the door including, a pair of arms, pivot means for each arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end of each arm and the door at a point between its vertical edges; means guiding the'door at a point spaced from the pivotal connection, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, spring means connected with one of the arms to rotate the latter and close the door, and a second spring means urging the door to rotate about its pivotal connection to close the door.

12. A door organization, comprising in combination, a door; hinge means for the door including, an arm, pivot means for the arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end cf the arm and the door at a point between its vertical edges; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal connection, the arm forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, spring means connected with the pivot means to rotate the latter and close the door, and a second spring means urging the pivotal connection in a direction to close the door.

13. A door organization, comprising in combination, a door; hinge means for the door including, an arm, pivot means for the arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end of the arm and the door at a point between its vertical edges; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal connection, the arm forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link'of a toggle mechanism, spring means connected with the pivot means to rotate the latter and close the door, and a second spring means urging the pivotal connection in a direction to close the door including, means delaying the tensioning of the second spring means until the door is partially open.

14. A door mounting comprising in combination, hin-ge means for a door including, an arm, pivot means for the arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection on the outer end of the arm pivotally securing the arm to the door; spring means connected with the arm to rotate the latter and close the door, and a door check connected with the pivotal connection and controlling the rotation thereof to control the door closing.

l5. A door organization, comprising in combination, a door; hinge means for the door including, an arm, pivot means for the arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end of the arm and the door at apoint between the vertical edges; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal connection, the arm forming one link and the door between the piv- 'otal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, spring means connected with the arm to rotate the latter and close the door, and a door check connected with the pivotal connection and controlling the rotation thereof to control the ,door closing.

16. A door organization, comprising in com- 10 bination, a door; hinge means for the door including, an arm, .pivot means for the arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end of the arm and the door at a point between the vertical edges; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal connection, the arm forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, spring means connected with the arm to rotate the latter and close the door, a door check connected with the pivotal connection and controlling the rotation thereof to control the door closing, and spring means connected with the pivotal connection and urging the door to rotate about the pivotal connection to close the door.

17. A door organization, comprising in combination, a door; hinge means for the door including, an arm, pivot means for the arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection between the outer end of the arm and the door at a point between the vertical edges; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal connection, the arm forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, spring means connected with the arm to rotate the latter and close the door, and a door check connected with the pivotal connection and controlling the rotation thereof to control the door closing, and spring means connected with the door check and urging the door to rotate about the pivotal connection to close the door.

18. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway for the door; a hinge mounted proximate the doorway including, an arm carried by the hinge, and a pivotal connection on the arm pivotally supporting the dcor at a point between the vertical edges thereof; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal support of the arm, the arm forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and a spring disposed in the hinge for swinging the arm and closing said door.

' 19.A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway mullion; a hinge mounted in the doorway mullion including, an arm carried by the hinge and a pivotal connection on the arm pivotally supporting the door at a point between the vertical edges thereof; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal support of the arm, the arm forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and a spring disposed in the hinge for swinging the armr and closing said door.

20. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway mullion; a hinge mounted in the doorway mullion including, an arm carried by the hinge, and a pivotal connection on the arm pivotally supporting the door at a point between the Vertical edges thereof; a

spring disposed in the hinge for rotating the arm and closing said door, means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal supportl of the arm, the arm forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and means for variably tensioning said spring.

2l. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway for the door; a hinge mounted proximate the doorway for supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising, a tube, a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof, and a pivotal connection on the arms pivotally supporting the door at a point between the vertical edges of the door; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal support of the arms, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and a spring disposed in the tube for swinging the arms and closing said door.

22. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway for the door; a hinge mounted proximate the doorway for supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising, a tube, a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof, and a pivotal connection on the arms pivotally supporting the door at a point between the vertical edges of the door; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal support of the arms, the arms forming one link and the door` between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, a spring disposed in the tube for swinging the arms and closing said door, and means for variably tensioning said spring.

23. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a door check secured to the door; a hinge rotatably mounted proximate a doorway tor supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising, a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured thereto, and a pivotal connection on the arms pivotally supporting the door; one of said arms being operatively connected to the door check to check the closing of the door; means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal support of the arms, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and a tensioned spring in the hinge tending to close said door.

24. A door organization comprising, in combil nation, a door, a doorway mullion, a door check secured to the door; a hinge rotatably mounted in the doorway mullion for supporting a door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising, a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured thereto, and a pivotal connection on the arms pivotally supporting the door; one of said arms being operatively connected to the door check to check the closing of the door, means guiding the door at a point spaced from the pivotal support of the arms, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and a tensioned spring in the hinge tending to close said door.

25. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway for the door; a doo-r check secured to the door, said door check comprising, means for yieldably limiting the extent to which the door may be opened; a hinge rotatably mounted proximate the doorway for sup-- porting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising, a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof,

and a pivotal connection on the arms pivotally 5 supporting the door; one of said arms being operatively connected to the door check to check the closing of the door and yieldably limit the extent to which said door may be opened, means guiding the door at a point spaced from the piv- 10l otal support of the arms, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and a spring in the tubular hinge for closing the door. 15'

26. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway for the door; a door check secured to the door, said door check comprising, means for yieldably limiting the extent to which the door may be opened; a hinge 20 rotatably mounted proximate the doorway for supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising, a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof, and a pivotal connection on the arms pivotally 25 sup-porting the door; one of said arms being operatively connected to the door check to check the closing of the door and yieldably limit the extent to which said door may be opened, means guiding the door at a point spaced from the piv- 30 otal support of the arms, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, a spring in the tubular hinge for closing the door, and means for tensioning said spring 35 as the door is opened. K

27. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway mullion; a door check secured to the door, said door check comprising, means for yieldably limiting the extent to which 40 the door may be opened; a hinge rotatably mounted in the doorway mullion for supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising, a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof, and a pivotal 45 connection on the arms p-ivotally supporting the door; one of said arms being operatively connected to the door check to check the closing o-f the door and yieldably limiting the extent to which said door may be opened, means guiding 50 the door at a point spaced from the pivotal supiport of the arms, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, and a spring in the tubular hinge for c1osing'55 the door.

28. A door organization comprising, in combination, a door, a doorway; a door check secured to the door, said door check comprising means for yieldably limiting the extent to which the door 60 may be opened; a hinge rotatably mounted proximate the doorway for supporting the door between the vertical edges thereof, said hinge comprising, a pair of laterally extending arms rigidly secured to the ends thereof, and a pivotal con- 65 nection on the arms pivotally supporting the door; one of said arms being operatively connected to the door check tol check the closing of the door and yieldably limit the extent to which said door may be opened, means guiding the door at 70 a point spaced from the pivotal support of the arms, the arms forming one link and the door between the pivotal connection and the guiding means forming the other link of a toggle, a spring in the tubular hinge for closing the door, means 75 for variably tensioning said spring, and means for increasing the tension of said spring as the door is opened.

29. Means for mounting a door comprising a hinge mounted in a doorway for supporting a door between the vertical edges thereof, a spring disposed in the hinge for closing said door, and means for variab-ly tensioning said spring, said tensioning means comprising an anchor and a shaft in said hinge to which the ends of said spring are respectively fixed, means proximate one end of said hinge for rotating said shaft, and means for locking said shaft in various positions.

30. Means for mounting a door comprising a hinge mounted in a doorway for supporting a door between the vertical edges thereof, a spring cooperating with the hinge for closing said door, and means for Variably tensioning said spring, said tensioning means comprising means for xing one end of said spring to said hinge, means mounted proximate an end of said hinge for moving the other end of said spring to Various positions, and means for locking the last named spring end in said positions.

31. A door mounting comprising in combination, hinge means for a door including, an arm, pivot means for the arm for supporting the door proximate a doorway, and a pivotal connection upon the outer end of the arm for connection with the door at a point between the vertical edges thereof; means guiding the door at a point between the vertical edges thereof, spring means connected with the arm to rotate the latter and closeV the door, and a second spring means connected with the pivotal connection and controlling the rotation thereof to control the door closing.

EDWARD H. ELLISON.