US2014940A - Fuel feed burner - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 17, 1935. H. s. LEE

FUEL FEED BURNER Original Filed Aug. 15, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

Harry 5. L ee ATTORNEYS.

Sept. 17, 1935. H. s. LEE

FUEL FEED BURNER Original Filed Aug. 15, 1932 INVENTOR. Harry .5. es BY ODM/@LXW ATTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 17, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application August 15, 1932, Serial No. 628,817 Renewed June 6, 1935 8 Claims.

. My invention relates to fuel feed burners and has particular reference to vffuel feed apparatus adapted to inject powderedcoal or similar combustible material into thecoinbustion zone of a cement kun or the like.

one of the objects ofl thinvention is to improve the combustion produced by such a fuel feed burner through insuring more complete mixture between the fuel itself and the air necessary for combustion.l

Another object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of operation of the kiln by so arranging the fuel injection means that the zone of combustion may be shifted to a certain extent with reference to the kiln. This is accomplished by providing means whereby the fuel may be directed into the kiln at different angles to be determined by the requirements and conditions within the kiln.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide suitable control means,lincluding a series of deflectors positioned within the fuel injector, which may be varied as to their angular position for the purpose of setting up a swirling action in the fuel as it is injected into the combustion zone. These deflectors are adjustable within a range of substantially 180 degrees so that a decided variation in the swirling action may be secured, dependent upon the particular circumstances involved. The deflectors are so positioned that they may be rendered substantially ineffective or they may be adjusted to create a swirling motion either clockwise or counterclockwise. In this way the air essential for combustion purposes is more thoroughly mixed with the fuel and more efficient burning of the fuel is secured thereby, along with a corresponding saving in the amount of fuel required.

Various other objects and meritorious features of this invention will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a. side elevation of my improved burner and an associated cement kiln showing a portion of the burner and cement kiln in broken away section,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the burner,

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the improved deector arrangement, and

Fig. 4 is a section through line 4 4 of Fig. 3.

Reference is made to my copending application Ser. No. 618,836 filed June 23, 1932 in which is described and claimed a telescoping fuel and air pipe and the angular and axial adjustment thereof. Reference is also made to my copending application Ser. No. 543,416, filed June 10, 1931, in which is described and claimed a process and apparatus for cooling and treating cement clinker 5 with air and for conducting heated air to the burner for assisting the same in the combustion of the fuel. Reference is also directed to my co pending application Serial No. 592,774, led February 13, 1932 and the division thereof, Serial No. 10 746,839, filed October 4, 1934, in which is described and claimed the method and apparatus for controlling the temperatures of the primary and the secondary air and for conducting and mingling these air currents with the fuel as it is l5 delivered by the burner into the kiln.

Referring to the drawings, numeral I ll represents a rotary kiln. Cement aggregate is delivered into the kiln at one extremity thereof and permitted to flow downwardly therealong to the discharge end during the rotation of the kiln. After the clinker has passed through the kiln and has been properly burned it is discharged through a passageway l2 into a cooling chamber indicated generally by the numeral I4. For the purpose of carrying the burned clinker through the cooling chamber a drag chain I6 is arranged to pass therethrough at a predetermined rate. The chamber is separated into a plurality of compartments by means of gates I8, 20, and 22, which gates are pivotally supported and weighted in such manner that they tend to hang vertically but may be readily pushed upwardly into the position indicated in Fig. l by the burned clinker which has been deposited upon the drag chain I6. However, these compartments and the internal structure thereof constitute no part of the present invention as they are described in my copending application to which reference has been heretofore made and will therefore not be described in further detail.

Cooling airis directed through the chain from a plurality of inlets 24 and after passing through the clinker and performing its cooling function the air is discharged from the said compartment through a passageway 26. The air from the rear compartment is discharged through passageway 28. Air is likewise taken in through an air conduit 30 to a blower 32 which may be driven from any suitable power source and which is adapted to direct the heated air through the fuel feed pipe 34. The fuel, which may be in the form of powdered coal, is directed into this pipe from a discharge spout 36.

The air discharged through passageway 26 is 55 highly heated and enters the enclosure or mixing chamber 38, which surrounds the discharge end of the fuel feed pipe. The chamber 38 is preferably lined with suitable refractory material as indicated at 40 and discharges directly into the open end of the rotary kiln Ill. The air pipe 26 discharges from one side into the enclosure 38 directly opposite the fuel feed pipe for pre-heating' purposes. 'I'his structure also is described more in detail in said copending application, supra.

'I'he fuel feed mechanism to which this invention relates primarily is shown more clearly in Figs. 2, 3, and 4. The pipe itself may be provided with a plurality of universal joints 42 which permit universal adjustment of the pipe.' As shown in Fig. 2 the feed pipe passes through the wall of the enclosure 38 and is provided at its extremity with a series of deflectors 44 which will be described more in detail hereinafter. 'Ihe feed pipe is surrounded by a secondary air pipe 46 spaced therefrom. The feed pipe is mounted on supports 41 within air pipe 46. This pipe 46 is slidably supported within sleeve 49, as described in my aforesaid copending application.

Deflectors 44 are positioned interiorly of the feed pipe 34 by means of studs 50 which are rotatably mounted in the wall of the pipe in any suitable manner. A sleeve member 52 telescopes over the end of the feed pipe 34 and is provided with slots as indicated at 54 to permit axial sliding movement of the sleeve over the feed pipe 34 through a distance limited by the length of the slots which cooperate with the studs or pins 50 to limit such movement. The;l extremity of the sleeve is provided with flanges 56 having apertured ears 58 each adapted to receive a turned over end of a link 80, the other end of each link 60 being similarly formed and received in a crank arm 62 secured to a rotatable stud 50.

It will be apparent that as the sleeve 52 is moved axially along the feed pipe the coupling hitherto described between the sleeve and the rotatable studs upon which the deflectors 44 are secured will cause oscillation of the said deflectors. The length of the slots is such as to permit suiilcient relative movement of the sleeve to oscillate the defiectors through substantially 180 degrees, thereby rendering it possible to secure substantially any desired adjustment.

Manually operable means for producing sliding movement of the sleeve 52 are provided. An arm 64 is formed integrally with or secured in any desired fashion to the inner extremity of the sleeve 52. 'I'his arm 64 is provided with an outwardly extending bar 48 provided with a rack 66 at its extremity which engages the pinion 10 which is manually operated by the knurled hand wheel 12 for adjustment of the sleeve 52.

Through oscillation of the deiiectors 44 the amount of swirl or swirling action set up in the fuel as it emerges from the fuel pipe 34 may be controlled. Through such control a more complete mixture between the fuel and the air necessary for combustion purposes is secured more rapidly and more eiiiciently, thereby providing substantial economy in fuel consumption and producing a more effective burning action.

In the operation of a kiln, such as is shown generally in this application, it has been found that rings are formed within the kiln during combustion. The formation of these rings, due to the place at which combustion occurs, tends to impair and detract from the efliciency of the combustion. Furthermore, it is desirable that this zone of combustion be capable of regulation within the kiln as to its position. This result is desirable in order that control may be exercised lover the combustion to meet the demands of the particular operation being carried on.

With the use of the adjustable deflectors within the fuel feed pipe it is possible to position, within limits, the point of maximum combustion of fuel within the kiln. It is also possible to direct the fuel in varying swirls and in opposite directions so that a pronounced control over the combustion is thereby provided. Due to this type of control it is possible to substantially eliminate the tendencies which produce the formation of rings within the kiln and to adapt the apparatus l5 to the particular function being carried on and to thereby obtain maximum combustion with any particular feed of aggregate being passed through the kiln and to insure the maintenance of the Eaximum combustion and prolong the life of the While a preferred form of control mechanism has been illustrated in the instant application it will be apparent that various modifications thereof will be obvious to those skilled in the art and for that reason I wish to limit myself only within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim:

l. Fuel feed mechanism comprising an insulated cylindrical chamber provided with an axial supporting sleeve, an air pipe extending through the sleeve into the chamber, means for regulating the admission of air through said pipe into the chamber, means for admitting heated air into the chamber, a fuel feed pipe extending axially through said air pipe and supported spaced therefrom providing an air passageway around the feed pipe, vane like deflectors oscillatively supported within the interior of the fuel feed pipe adjacent the outlet, means coupled 4o with said deflectors within the space between the feed pipe and the surrounding air pipe manually operable to swing said deflectors to produce varying swirls in the fuel stream emitted from the feed pipe.

2. Fuel feed mechanism comprising an insulated cylindrical chamber provided with an axial support for a fuel feed pipe assembly, a fuel feed pipe assembly comprising a fuel pipe extending through said axial support into the chamber and an air pipe spaced from and surrounding the fuel pipe and also extending axially into the chamber and through which air enters the chamber around said fuel feed pipe, a plurality of deflectors arranged within the fuel feed pipe adjacent to the outlet and oscillatively supported for angular adjustment within the feed pipe to create varying swirls in the fuel passing through the pipe, and means axially movable of said pipes extending through the air space therebetween and operatively connected with said vanes for oscillating the same.

3. Fuel feed mechanism comprising, in combination with a combustion chamber, a fuel feed pipe arranged to direct a blast of fuel thereinto, 65 vane like deiiectors arranged within said fuel feed pipe and adjustable therein to create swirls in the fuel feed stream delivered therefrom, means for delivering a stream of relatively cool air about and surrounding said fuel feed pipe, mechanism for adjusting said deflectors extending along said fuel feed pipe in said air stream, an enclosure surrounding said fuel feed pipe, and means for delivering a blast of heated air into said enclosure to pass with the fuel ejected from the fuel feed pipe into the combustion chamber.

4. Fuel feed mechanism comprising, in combination with a rotatably supported kiln. a fuel feed pipe arranged to direct a blast of fuel into one end of the kiln, an air passage pipe surrounding said feed pipe through which an air stream passes into the kiln, an enclosure surrounding said two pipes and into which heated air is delivered to be directed from the enclosure into the kiln, said air pipe being slidably adjustable axially with respect to the fuel feed pipe, and oscillatively supported deflectors arranged within the fuel feed pipe to vary the direction of discharge of fuel from the feed pipe into the kiln, and means for varying the position vof said deectors to vary the direction of fuel discharge.

5. Fuel feed mechanism comprising an insulated cylindrical chamber provided With an axial supporting sleeve, an air pipe extending through the sleeve into the chamber, means for regulating the admission of air through said pipe into the chamber, means for admitting heated air into the chamber, a fuel feed pipe extending axially through said air pipe and supported spaced therefrom providing an air passageway around the feed pipe, vane like deilectors oscillatively supported within the interior of the fuel feed pipe adjacent the outlet, and means for oscillating said deflectors coupled with the deflectors within the space between the feed pipe and the surrounding air pipe including an operating link extending between said pipes and out through the end of the chamber.

6. A burner of the character described comprising a mixing chamber provided with an axial support for a fuel feed pipe assembly, a fuel feed pipe assembly comprising a fuel pipe extending through said axial support into the chamber and an air pipe spaced from and surrounding the fuel pipe and also extending axially into the chamber and through which air enters the chamber around the fuel feed pipe, means for introducing heated air into said mixing chamber for mixing with the fuel, a plurality of deflectors within the interior of the fuel pipe pivotally mounted upon individual radial axes, and means extending along said fuel feed pipe assembly from the exterior of the chamber to the interior thereof for angular adjustment of the pivoted deflectors within the feed pipe to create varying swirls in the fuel emitted from the pipe.

7. Fuel feed mechanism for delivering fuel to a combustion zone comprising, in combination, a fuel feed pipe, an enclosure surrounding the discharge end of said feed pipe, means for delivering highly heated air to said enclosure, an air pipe surrounding said fuel feed pipe but spaced therefrom to form an annular air passage about said feed pipe through which relatively cool air from the exterior of the enclosure may be conducted, vanes adjustably mounted in the interior of said feed pipe adjacentthe discharge end thereof for producing swirls in the fuel as it is emitted from the feed pipe, and mechanism for adjusting said vanes extending from said vanes through the annular air passage formed by said spaced pipes to the exterior of said enclosure whereby the adjusting mechanism as well as the fuel feed pipe is sheltered by the air pipe from the highly heated air within the enclosure.

8. The invention as defined in claim 'l characterized in that said means for introducing heated air into the mixing chamber is disposed to direct the heated air thereinto rearwardly of the discharge end of the fuel feed pipe and the surrounding air pipe.

HARRY S. LEE.

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