US2014529A - Knitting mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 17, 1935.

E. KINSELLA ET AL KNITTING MECHANISM Filed Oct. 26, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIGA.

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Flt-1-10- '55 Sept. 17, 1935. E. KINSELLA El AL KNITTING MECHANISM Filed-.rQc't. .26, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 17, 193.5

UNITED STATES KNITTING. Mechanism Edward Kinsella, John Gordon Pratt, and Bernard Kelsall, ,Spondon, near Derby, England, assignors to Celanese Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware Application October 26, 1932, Serial No. 639,637

' In Great Britain November 3, 1931.

3Claims. (c1. 66-86) I l I o This invention relates to the production of textile fabrics, and more particularly to the prodution of knitted fabrics onwarp knitting machines. 5' The object of the invention is to improve warp knitting machines with the object of greatly increasingltheir rate of working and smoothness of operation, and renderingthem capable of knitting fabrics of better and more uniform quality.

10 It, has been found that a much improved rate of operation can be effected if the weight of the needle, sinker and guide bars and of like knitting I parts can be reduced in proportion to the strength of such parts and their resistance against deflec- 15 tion. v According to the present invention the thread guides, needles, sinkers and like are secured to their bars by means of light fusible alloy of low specific gravity. Preferably the members are secured in series in a strip of such light al- 20 10y, the strip being then fixed in position along the' edge of the bar. Alternately thermembers may be secured in series to a steel or other light,

'25 responding bar. LA light alloy which is capable of soldering itself'to the needles .and to the steel or like support if used is preferably employed, since this enables a relatively small amount of the alloy to be used and so further reduces the 30 weight of the moving masses. A zinc-cadmium alloy is verysuitable for this purpose;

The method of securing the knitting parts to their bars according to the invention greatly reduces the force necessary for .the rapid move- 35 men-t of such parts, and, inconsequence, the vibration resulting from such forces. Thus for example, it is necessary that the thread guides should be capable of making extremely rapid movements both ina direction endwise ofthemachine and also between the needles. By adopting-the light construction described above, the

' oscillatory guidemovements in both directions corresponding pattern being'formed on the sec-' tions also, e. g. cast into the light fusible metal applied so that the inter-engagement of the 55 grooves and ridges forms a very firm connection.

application S. No. 639,636 filed 26th October,

the needles. v

There are several light, readily-fusible alloys having sufllciently low melting'points to enable This is especially important in connection with them to be used for the purpose of the present 5 invention, for example, a zinc-aluminiumalloy containing 95% zinc has a specific gravity of 6.3, an ultimate tensile strength of 6 tons per sq. in. and a melting point of 386 C., and a zine-magnesium alloy containing 52% zinc has a specific 10 gravity of 4.6, an ultimate tensile strength of 6 tons per sq. in. and a melting point of 350. C. The lightness and strength of these alloys allow the needles, etc. to be rigidly secured in position while using quite a low weight of the fusible metal. v

It is preferred, therefore, to use a zinc-cadmium alloy which, while having a low specific gravity of 8.3, has a very high ultimatetensfle strength of 10 tons per sq. in. so that in conjunction with its ability to solder itself to the needles, etc. enables the needles, etc. to be secured firmly in place by means of a very small weight of alloy. The

. alloy having the low specific gravityand the high tensile strength given above contains a slight excess of. zinc over the 17.4% of zinc form- 'ing a eutectic mixture with cadmium, and also a minute proportionof chromium to refine the grain size, improve the surface obtainable, and increase the strength slightly. This alloy presents the further advantages of having a shear strength of8-8.5 tons per sq. in. and also the very low" melting point of 263 C., which renders it particularly suitable for the purpose of the present invention. l

The invention may be employed with advantage in connection with the form of needlebar, sinker bar, and guide bars described in U. S.

1932, and also with U. S. application S. No. 639,638 filed 26th October, 1932, which is concerned primarily with means for balancing the vibrational forces set up by the rapid motions of the knitting parts and thereby nullifying and greatly reducing the efiects of such vibrational forces on the machine frame.

The inventionv will now be describedin greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it is to be understood that this descrip- 5 tion is given by way of example only and is in no respect limitative.

Figures 1 and 2 show a plan view and a sectional elevation of one form of guide section accordingto the present invention; '55

Figures 3 and 4 show similar views of another form of guide section;

Figures 5 and 6, and '7' and 8 respectively show two forms of sinker sections similar to the guide sections of Figures 1 and 2, and 3 and 4;

Figures 9 and 10 show two views of aneedle section;

Figure his a" sectional view along the line Il--l l of Figure 9;

Figure 12 shows a view corresponding to Figure 9 of a smallervs'ection of needles; I

Figure 13 shows an assembled view in sectional elevation of the needle bar, sinker bar, presser bar and guide bars with the knitting parts attached: and

Figure 14 shows the needle bar in separate parts in order to illustrate the assembly.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the thread guides,

ll areconnected to a plate ll of pressed sheet steel by means of a body of light but strong fusible alloy which'is-castround'the guides lland. the plate I! when they are assembled in position. The sections illustrated in this and subsequent figures are on a large scale, the density of spacing represented beingof the order of 28 guides, sinkers or needles to the inch. It will be seen that the plate It is perforatedas at 2| in order to ensure that the metal 20 should'be securely bonded thereto. In addition it is preferable that the metal-at 20 should be self soldering not only to the guides 11 but also to the metal of the plate 18, for which purposea zinc-cadmium slightly greater bulk of metal required may be.

alloy is particularly suitable. The plate It is very light but rigid, so that in conjunction with the small amount of the alloy required, the weight of the assembly is made very low. The whole guide section is adapted to be bolted onto the guide bar by means of a bolt passing through the hole 22 provided for the purpose, the several sections fitting closely against each other so as to be held rigidly to the bar, and forming a continuous series of closely spaced guides.

In Figures 3 and 4 the guides II are shown run into a casting 24 consisting wholly of light fusible.

metal, such as zinc-cadmium, the shape of the casting 24 being similar to that of the combined plate It and mass-20 illustrated in'Figure 2. The

wholly or in part oiI-set by using an alloy of light specific gravity as compared with the steel of the plate ll. A-hole 22 is formed in the casting 24 for the purpose of securing the sections of guidesto the guide bar.

In Figure 5, the sinkers 21 are secured to a member of pressedsteel 28 by means ofa body 28 of fusible metal as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2' in connection with the guides. Here also holes 2| are provided in the plate 28 for the secure bonding of the fusible metal 29 thereto, and a hole 22 is left for securing the sections of sinkers to the sinker bar. In addition the tips of the sinkers 21 are run into a body of fusible metal 30, the tips of the sinkers being of hooked shape as indicated in Figure 6 in dotted lines at 3|, thus ensuring that correct spacing. of the sinkersduring the knitting operation, e. g. 28 to the inch, is maintained. In Figures '1 and 8, the sinkers 21- are shown 'run into a casting I2, consisting wholly of fusible metal as in the case of the casting 24 described in Figures 3. and 4, f

the shape of this casting being similar to that ing members 40.

of the plate 28 and body of fusible metal II described with reference torigures 5 and 6, As in 1 Figures 5 and 6 the hooked tips ll of the guides are run into a body of fusible metal ll.

Figures 9, 10 and 11 show three views of a section of fourteen needles, (sufficient for, say, ,9 inch length of needlebar) the needles a being assembled in their correct spacing and run in with a body of metal It. The metal 3| is provided with ridges t1 and upstanding areas 28 on the ,one side, to fit into corresponding grooves on the face of the needle bar; so that the needles maybe correctly positioned thereon. In addition, ridges-ll of metal are formed on the other side of the casting. In Figure 12 a small section of three needles I! is shown, having only one ridge 31 and one upstanding part ll for posi- I tioning purposes. Referring to Figure 13 it will be seen that the guide sections 4! are secured to the guide bars 20 42 by means of bolts 43. while the sinker sections 44 are attached to the sinkerbar ll by means of bolts .461 The needles IB are secured in sections 41 to the needle bar l8 by means of clamp- The needle bar ll, needle sections 41 and clamping member 43 are shown apart in Figure 14, and it will be'seen that vertical grooves II are provided in the recessed face of the needle bar 4| to correspond with the ridges I! on the 30 needle sections, while a groove ll extends horizontally along the whole length of the needle bar to accommodate the upstanding parts ll of the needle sections, these means accurately locating the needles and enabling them to be secured in 35 correct position. The clamping member ll is lined with felt at 52 into which the ridges ll on the back of the needle sections sink, so that the needle sections may be securely clamped to the needle barwithout being damaged.

In Figure 13 the rocker arms to which the guide 'bars 42, sinker bar 45 and needle bar ll are secured are shown in chain dotted lines at I, I and 51 respectively, while in this view also the presser bar it which carries the presser N and is supported by the presser lever I are also shown in the relative positionsthey occupy in thewarp knitting machine. r

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:---

1. Knitting elements for knitting machines secured in series by means of a-zinc-cadmiumalloy having a specific gravity not exceeding-8.3, and in which cadmium predominates.

2. A knitting element section for machine comprisinga light metal support and a plurality of knitting elements embedded in series in said support by means of a zinc-cadmium alloy having a specific gravity not exceeding 8.3, and in which cadmium predominates.

3. A knitting element section for a knitting machine comprising a pressed metal support and a plurality of knitting elements embedded in series in said support by means of a zinc-cadmium a knitting alloy having a specific gravity not exceeding 8.3,

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