US20140124686A1 - Intervention blowout preventer and well intervention tool - Google Patents
Intervention blowout preventer and well intervention tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140124686A1 US20140124686A1 US14/130,191 US201214130191A US2014124686A1 US 20140124686 A1 US20140124686 A1 US 20140124686A1 US 201214130191 A US201214130191 A US 201214130191A US 2014124686 A1 US2014124686 A1 US 2014124686A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- intervention
- well
- tool
- blowout preventer
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
- E21B33/064—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers specially adapted for underwater well heads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/068—Well heads; Setting-up thereof having provision for introducing objects or fluids into, or removing objects from, wells
- E21B33/076—Well heads; Setting-up thereof having provision for introducing objects or fluids into, or removing objects from, wells specially adapted for underwater installations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an intervention blowout preventer for being mounted on a well head, comprising a plurality of valves arranged in fluid communication with each other, connected and forming a tubular pipe enclosing a cavity being in fluid communication with the well head when the blowout preventer is mounted onto the well head and at least one plug in the well head has been removed. Furthermore, the invention relates to a well intervention tool, a well intervention system and a well intervention method.
- the crown plugs Before intervening a well, the crown plugs need to be pulled in order to provide access to the well.
- the well may be situated 2000 metres below the surface of the sea, resulting in a substantial amount of pressure acting upon the plug to be pulled, said pressure often being larger than the pressure in the well.
- the tool for pulling the plug then has to provide a force overcoming the pressure from the water column above the plug and often also the drag force applied from the lower pressure in the well.
- Some pulling tools anchor up inside the lubricator connected to the BOP being on top of the well head.
- the amount of force applied by the anchors to the lubricator requires a redesign of the lubricator in order for the lubricator to be able to withstand such anchoring force.
- an intervention blowout preventer for being mounted on a well head or a Christmas tree, comprising:
- the pressure inside the intervention blowout preventer can be substantially reduced, reducing the amount of force needed to pull the plug.
- the cavity may have a first pressure and the intervention blowout preventer may further comprise a control device, such as a valve, for controlling the pressure in the cavity by letting fluid in the cavity into the first chamber part.
- a control device such as a valve
- the piston may be slidably arranged on a shaft arranged inside the chamber.
- the first chamber part may be connected with the cavity by means of a flow channel.
- the chamber can be arranged at a distance from the tubular part of the intervention blowout preventer and may be easily implemented in existing blowout preventers, and the control device may be mounted on the flow channel so that the control device can be operated by an ROV, or manually or even remotely.
- the intervention blowout preventer as described above may further comprise a control unit comprising a storage device, and a communication unit for communicating with the control device.
- the intervention blowout preventer as described above may comprise a sensor for sensing a pressure in the cavity.
- the pressure reducing system may comprise a pump for pumping fluid from the cavity into the first chamber part.
- the chamber may be an accumulator.
- the pressure reducing system may comprise an accumulator.
- Said accumulator may comprise the piston, a bladder or a diaphragm.
- the present invention also relates to a well intervention tool intended to be arranged in a lubricator for pulling a plug in a top part of a well head or a Christmas tree of a well for entering the well, the well head having an axial extension, comprising:
- the stroking tool may further comprise a control device, such as a valve, for letting fluid in through the opening of the housing into the first chamber part.
- a control device such as a valve
- connection pulling unit may be a GS pulling tool.
- the piston may be slidably arranged on a shaft arranged inside the chamber.
- control device may be arranged in the opening.
- the stroking tool may be connected with the connection pulling unit by means of a stroker shaft.
- the fixating unit may comprise an anchoring section having anchors moving radially from the tool towards an inside wall of the lubricator.
- the fixating unit may be a tubular section surrounding part of the connection pulling tool for abutting a top part of the well head.
- connection unit of the connection pulling unit may comprise latches for engaging inside the plug to be pulled.
- the intervention blowout preventer according to the present invention may further comprise a control unit comprising the storage device, and a communication unit for communicating with the control device.
- the present invention relates to a well intervention system comprising:
- the lubricator may be closed off at a first end by a blind cap.
- the lubricator may comprise a lubricator valve arranged to close off the lubricator at a second end of the lubricator opposite a first end.
- a shear ram valve may be connected with the lubricator valve.
- the intervention system may comprise a disconnection unit arranged between the lubricator valve and the intervention blowout preventer for disconnecting a part of the system.
- the intervention tool may comprise a driving section, such as a downhole tractor.
- the intervention tool may be wireless and driven only by an internal power source.
- Said intervention tool may comprise an inductive coupling for charging or recharging power.
- the intervention system may further comprise a vehicle which is remotely operated.
- the present invention relates to a well intervention method comprising the steps of:
- FIG. 1 shows an intervention blowout preventer mounted on a well head
- FIG. 2 shows a well intervention system comprising a well intervention tool mounted on the intervention blowout preventer
- FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the well intervention tool
- FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the intervention blowout preventer
- FIG. 5 shows yet another embodiment of the intervention blowout preventer.
- FIG. 1 shows an intervention blowout preventer 1 mounted to a top part 22 of the well head 2 arranged on the seabed on deep water.
- the intervention blowout preventer 1 comprises a plurality of valves 3 , 4 arranged on top of each other, and thus in fluid communication with each other.
- the first valve is an annular valve 3 and the other valve may be a ram valve 4 .
- the valves 3 , 4 are connected and form part of a tubular pipe 5 .
- the tubular pipe is connected with the well head 2 , and at the other end, the tubular pipe may be connected with a lubricator 20 comprising a well intervention tool 100 illustrated by dotted lines.
- the tubular pipe 5 encloses a cavity 10 which is in fluid communication with the well head when the intervention blowout preventer is 1 mounted onto the well head 2 and at least one plug 37 in the well head has been removed by means of an intervention tool 100 .
- the lubricator 20 is arranged on top of the intervention blowout preventer 1 , said lubricator being arranged comprising the intervention tool capable of pulling the plug 37 and providing access to the well for a subsequent tool.
- the intervention tool 100 is powered by means of a wireline 24 extending through a grease injection head 21 .
- the intervention blowout preventer 1 further comprises a pressure reducing system 120 in the form of a chamber 6 and a piston 7 .
- the piston 7 is arranged inside the chamber dividing the chamber into a first chamber part 8 and a second chamber part 9 .
- the first chamber part 8 is in fluid communication with the cavity and the second chamber part 9 is filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas.
- the chamber 6 is connected with the tubular pipe 5 by means of a flow channel 15 providing the fluid communication between the cavity and the first chamber part.
- a control device 11 such as a valve, is arranged in the flow channel 15 for controlling the flow of fluid into the first chamber part 8 .
- the control device 11 is closed when the lubricator 20 is connecting and subsequently, the control device 11 is opened, hence letting fluid from the cavity into the first chamber part 8 , decreasing the pressure inside the intervention blowout preventer 1 and the lubricator 20 .
- the force acting on the plug 37 is also decreased substantially and the plug 37 is thus easier to pull.
- the piston is slidably arranged on a shaft 12 which is also inside the chamber. In this way, the movement of the piston is controlled so that the piston does not tilt and jam if further movement of the piston is needed.
- the gas inside the second chamber part is compressed, increasing the volume of the first chamber part as it is filled with fluid.
- the capacity of the chamber is typically 5 litres, preferably 8 litres or more preferably 10 litres, or more.
- the control device 11 may also comprise a motor adjusting the control device or the position of the valve in order to let more or less fluid into the first chamber, or even stop the fluid from entering.
- the chamber By having a flow channel 15 connecting the chamber with the cavity, the chamber can be arranged at a distance from the tubular part of the intervention blowout preventer and is easily implemented in existing blowout preventers.
- control device 11 can be mounted on the flow channel so that the control device can be operated by an ROV, or manually or even remotely.
- the intervention blowout preventer 1 may further comprise a control unit 38 comprising the storage device, and/or a communication unit for communicating with the control device 11 .
- the intervention blowout preventer 1 may further comprise a sensor for sensing a pressure in the cavity and the current pressure can be sent through the communication unit or stored for later use. Depending on the pressure, the control device 11 is actuated to either let more fluid into the first chamber part 8 or decrease the flow thereto.
- FIG. 2 shows a well intervention tool 100 for pulling the plug 37 , such as a crown plug, in a top part 23 of a well head 2 in order to be able to enter the well.
- the intervention tool 100 comprises a connection pulling unit 50 , such as a GS pulling tool having a connection unit 51 matching the connection of the plug 37 .
- the intervention tool 100 is arranged in a lubricator connected to the top of the intervention blowout preventer 1 .
- the intervention tool 100 comprises a fixation unit 54 for fixating the stroking tool 52 in relation to the well head 2 so that the axial movement of the stroking tool 52 pulls the plug 37 out of the well head 2 .
- the fixation unit 54 comprises an anchoring section having anchors 57 moving radially from the tool towards an inside wall of the lubricator 20 as shown in FIG. 2 .
- the fixation unit 54 comprises a tubular section surrounding part of the connection pulling tool for abutting the top part 23 of the well head 2 as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the stroking 52 tool comprises a tool housing 53 in which a pressure reducing system 120 in the form of a chamber 106 and a piston 107 is arranged.
- the piston 107 is arranged in a sliding manner on a shaft 112 inside the chamber, dividing the chamber into a first chamber part 108 and a second chamber part 109 .
- the first chamber part 108 is in fluid communication with an opening 113 in the tool housing 52 and thus in fluid communication with fluid in the lubricator.
- the second chamber part 109 is filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas. In order to reduce the amount of force needed to pull a plug 37 , the pressure inside the lubricator is reduced after the lubricator has been connected with the well head 2 .
- the stroking tool 52 further comprises a control device 111 , such as a valve, for controlling the pressure in the lubricator 20 by controlling the amount of fluid let into the first chamber part 108 .
- a control device 111 such as a valve
- the piston moves and the gas in the second chamber part 109 is compressed and the pressure inside the lubricator is reduced.
- the pressure in the lubricator 20 By reducing the pressure in the lubricator 20 , the amount of force needed to pull the plug is also reduced substantially, and thus the anchoring force needed is reduced accordingly.
- a standard lubricator can be used to anchor up and the plug can thus be pulled by a stroking tool.
- connection of the plug 37 to be pulled comprises a female connection and the connection unit 51 of the connection pulling unit 50 is shaped as a male connection with latches matching the female connection.
- the intervention tool 100 further comprises a stroking tool 52 connected to the connection pulling unit and providing an axial movement along the axial extension for moving the male connection unit into engagement with the female connection of the plug 37 .
- the stroking tool moves a first part of the connection pulling unit 50 in relation to a second part in order to move the latches radially outwards.
- control device 112 is arranged in the opening 111 , but may be arranged in any suitable manner.
- the stroking tool 52 is connected with the connection pulling unit 50 by means of a stroker shaft 55 and a threaded connection or a conventional male/female connection.
- the intervention blowout preventer 1 may comprise a control unit comprising a storage device, and a communication unit for communicating with the control device 111 . In this way, the control device 111 can be controlled from surface.
- FIG. 2 further shows a well intervention system 200 comprising any conventional blowout preventer or the intervention blowout preventer mentioned above and a lubricator 20 connectable to the intervention blowout preventer in which the intervention tool 100 is arranged in order to pull the plug 37 .
- the intervention tool needs to pull two plugs as shown in FIG. 3 , which may be done in two runs.
- a second intervention tool inside a second lubricator may be arranged in the vicinity of the well head, ready to be connected when the first plug is pulled.
- the pressure reducing system 120 of the intervention blowout preventer 1 may further comprise a pump 60 for pumping fluid from the cavity into the first chamber part as shown in FIG. 4 .
- a pump 60 for pumping fluid from the cavity into the first chamber part as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the pressure in the cavity needs to be reduced.
- the pressure reducing system 120 comprises an accumulator so that the chamber and the chamber is an accumulator.
- the accumulator comprises the piston, a bladder or a diaphragm.
- the piston of the pressure reducing system 120 of FIG. 1 is replaced with a diaphragm 14
- the intervention blowout preventer 1 may also comprise an accumulator as an additional pressure reducing system.
- the intervention system may comprise a disconnection unit arranged between a lubricator valve and the intervention blowout preventer for disconnecting a part of the system, such as for disconnecting the lubricator and the intervention tool arranged inside the lubricator.
- the intervention tool 100 may further comprise a driving section, such as a downhole tractor having wheels arranged on projectable arms, in order to anchor the tool inside the lubricator. Due to the pressure reducing system 120 , the intervention tool needs not be anchored as much as prior art tools.
- the intervention tool 100 may be wireless and driven only by an internal power source, such as a battery.
- the intervention blowout preventer 1 may often be arranged in a supporting structure in the form of a frame structure, and together with the frame structure it forms an intervention module. Furthermore, the intervention blowout preventer 1 comprising a control device on its outside enables a diver or the Remote Operational Vehicle (also called an ROV) to read and/or operate the control device in order to let fluid into the first chamber part 8 , 108 .
- a diver or the Remote Operational Vehicle also called an ROV
- the control device may comprise a receiving and/or transmitting unit so that the control device has data transmission capability to a remote operating centre.
- the remote operating centre may thus be located in the nearest town and still be able to control a park of wells, and thus well heads 2 , without viewing the control device.
- the intervention blowout preventer 1 may also comprise a control unit comprising a receiving and/or transmitting unit enabling the control unit to transmit data to and from a remote operating centre. Communicating with and receiving and/or transmitting data to and from the remote operating centre may take place by means of a satellite.
- a motor such as an electrical motor, may be arranged to operate the control device.
- a stroking tool is a tool providing an axial force.
- the stroking tool comprises an electrical motor for driving a pump.
- the pump pumps fluid into a piston housing to move a piston acting therein.
- the piston is arranged on the stroker shaft 55 .
- the pump may pump fluid into the piston housing on one side and simultaneously suck fluid out on the other side of the piston.
- fluid or well fluid any kind of fluid that may be present in oil or gas wells downhole, such as natural gas, oil, oil mud, crude oil, water, etc.
- gas is meant any kind of gas composition present in a well, completion, or open hole
- oil is meant any kind of oil composition, such as crude oil, an oil-containing fluid, etc.
- Gas, oil, and water fluids may thus all comprise other elements or substances than gas, oil, and/or water, respectively.
- a casing any kind of pipe, tubing, tubular, liner, string etc. used downhole in relation to oil or natural gas production.
- a downhole tractor can be used to push the tool all the way into position in the well.
- the downhole tractor may have projectable arms having wheels, wherein the wheels contact the inner surface of the casing for propelling the tractor and the tool forward in the casing.
- a downhole tractor is any kind of driving tool capable of pushing or pulling tools in a well downhole, such as a Well Tractor®.
Abstract
The present invention relates to an intervention blowout preventer (1) for being mounted on a well head (2) or a Christmas tree, comprising a plurality of valves (3, 4) arranged in fluid communication with each other, connected and forming a tubular pipe (5) enclosing a cavity being in fluid communication with the well head when the intervention blowout preventer is mounted onto the well head and at least one plug (37) in the well head has been removed, wherein the intervention blowout preventer further comprises a pressure reducing system (1) comprising a chamber (6) and a piston (7) arranged inside the chamber dividing the chamber into a first chamber part (8) and a second chamber part (9), the first chamber part being in fluid communication with the cavity and the second chamber part being filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas. Furthermore, the invention relates to a well intervention tool (100), a well intervention system (200) and a well intervention method.
Description
- The present invention relates to an intervention blowout preventer for being mounted on a well head, comprising a plurality of valves arranged in fluid communication with each other, connected and forming a tubular pipe enclosing a cavity being in fluid communication with the well head when the blowout preventer is mounted onto the well head and at least one plug in the well head has been removed. Furthermore, the invention relates to a well intervention tool, a well intervention system and a well intervention method.
- Before intervening a well, the crown plugs need to be pulled in order to provide access to the well. The well may be situated 2000 metres below the surface of the sea, resulting in a substantial amount of pressure acting upon the plug to be pulled, said pressure often being larger than the pressure in the well. The tool for pulling the plug then has to provide a force overcoming the pressure from the water column above the plug and often also the drag force applied from the lower pressure in the well.
- Some pulling tools anchor up inside the lubricator connected to the BOP being on top of the well head. In order to provide the force needed to pull a plug in deep water wells, the amount of force applied by the anchors to the lubricator requires a redesign of the lubricator in order for the lubricator to be able to withstand such anchoring force.
- It is an object of the present invention to wholly or partly overcome the above disadvantages and drawbacks of the prior art. More specifically, it is an object to provide an improved blowout preventer or intervention tool making it easier to pull a plug in the well head or Christmas tree, such as a crown plug.
- The above objects, together with numerous other objects, advantages, and features, which will become evident from the below description, are accomplished by a solution in accordance with the present invention by an intervention blowout preventer for being mounted on a well head or a Christmas tree, comprising:
-
- a plurality of valves arranged in fluid communication with each other, connected and forming a tubular pipe enclosing a cavity being in fluid communication with the well head when the intervention blowout preventer is mounted onto the well head and at least one plug in the well head has been removed,
wherein the intervention blowout preventer further comprises a chamber and a piston arranged inside the chamber dividing the chamber into a first chamber part and a second chamber part, the first chamber part being in fluid communication with the cavity and the second chamber part being filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas.
- a plurality of valves arranged in fluid communication with each other, connected and forming a tubular pipe enclosing a cavity being in fluid communication with the well head when the intervention blowout preventer is mounted onto the well head and at least one plug in the well head has been removed,
- By having such pressure reducing system in the form of the chamber and the piston, the pressure inside the intervention blowout preventer can be substantially reduced, reducing the amount of force needed to pull the plug.
- Also, the cavity may have a first pressure and the intervention blowout preventer may further comprise a control device, such as a valve, for controlling the pressure in the cavity by letting fluid in the cavity into the first chamber part.
- In one embodiment, the piston may be slidably arranged on a shaft arranged inside the chamber.
- Furthermore, the first chamber part may be connected with the cavity by means of a flow channel.
- Hereby, the chamber can be arranged at a distance from the tubular part of the intervention blowout preventer and may be easily implemented in existing blowout preventers, and the control device may be mounted on the flow channel so that the control device can be operated by an ROV, or manually or even remotely.
- The intervention blowout preventer as described above may further comprise a control unit comprising a storage device, and a communication unit for communicating with the control device.
- Moreover, the intervention blowout preventer as described above may comprise a sensor for sensing a pressure in the cavity.
- Further, the pressure reducing system may comprise a pump for pumping fluid from the cavity into the first chamber part.
- In one embodiment, the chamber may be an accumulator.
- Also, the pressure reducing system may comprise an accumulator.
- Said accumulator may comprise the piston, a bladder or a diaphragm.
- The present invention also relates to a well intervention tool intended to be arranged in a lubricator for pulling a plug in a top part of a well head or a Christmas tree of a well for entering the well, the well head having an axial extension, comprising:
-
- a connection pulling unit having a connection unit for connection to the plug,
- a stroking tool having a tool housing and being connected to the connection pulling unit and providing an axial movement along the axial extension, and
- a fixation unit for fixating the stroking tool in relation to the well head so that the axial movement of the stroking tool pulls the plug out of the well head, wherein the stroking tool comprises a chamber and a piston arranged inside the chamber dividing the chamber into a first chamber part and a second chamber part, the first chamber part being in fluid communication with an opening in the tool housing and the second chamber part being filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas.
- In one embodiment, the stroking tool may further comprise a control device, such as a valve, for letting fluid in through the opening of the housing into the first chamber part.
- Moreover, the connection pulling unit may be a GS pulling tool.
- Also, the piston may be slidably arranged on a shaft arranged inside the chamber.
- Furthermore, the control device may be arranged in the opening.
- In addition, the stroking tool may be connected with the connection pulling unit by means of a stroker shaft.
- In one embodiment, the fixating unit may comprise an anchoring section having anchors moving radially from the tool towards an inside wall of the lubricator.
- In another embodiment, the fixating unit may be a tubular section surrounding part of the connection pulling tool for abutting a top part of the well head.
- Further, the connection unit of the connection pulling unit may comprise latches for engaging inside the plug to be pulled.
- The intervention blowout preventer according to the present invention may further comprise a control unit comprising the storage device, and a communication unit for communicating with the control device.
- Furthermore, the present invention relates to a well intervention system comprising:
-
- an intervention blowout preventer according to the invention for connection onto a well head,
- a lubricator connectable to the intervention blowout preventer, and
- an intervention tool according to the invention arranged inside the lubricator for pulling the plug in a top part of a well head or a Christmas tree of a well for entering the well.
- In one embodiment, the lubricator may be closed off at a first end by a blind cap.
- In another embodiment, the lubricator may comprise a lubricator valve arranged to close off the lubricator at a second end of the lubricator opposite a first end.
- Moreover, a shear ram valve may be connected with the lubricator valve.
- Also, the intervention system may comprise a disconnection unit arranged between the lubricator valve and the intervention blowout preventer for disconnecting a part of the system.
- Further, the intervention tool may comprise a driving section, such as a downhole tractor.
- Additionally, the intervention tool may be wireless and driven only by an internal power source.
- By having a wireless intervention tool, a grease connector head is not needed in the end of the lubricator.
- Said intervention tool may comprise an inductive coupling for charging or recharging power.
- Also, the intervention system may further comprise a vehicle which is remotely operated.
- Finally, the present invention relates to a well intervention method comprising the steps of:
-
- arranging the well intervention tool as described above inside a lubricator,
- connecting the lubricator on the intervention blowout preventer as described above,
- connecting the well intervention tool to the plug,
- equalising a pressure inside the cavity of the intervention blowout preventer with a pressure in the well below the plug, and
- pulling the plug in a top part of a well head or a Christmas tree of a well.
- The invention and its many advantages will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, which for the purpose of illustration show some non-limiting embodiments and in which
-
FIG. 1 shows an intervention blowout preventer mounted on a well head, -
FIG. 2 shows a well intervention system comprising a well intervention tool mounted on the intervention blowout preventer, -
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the well intervention tool, -
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the intervention blowout preventer, and -
FIG. 5 shows yet another embodiment of the intervention blowout preventer. - All the figures are highly schematic and not necessarily to scale, and they show only those parts which are necessary in order to elucidate the invention, other parts being omitted or merely suggested.
-
FIG. 1 shows anintervention blowout preventer 1 mounted to atop part 22 of thewell head 2 arranged on the seabed on deep water. Theintervention blowout preventer 1 comprises a plurality ofvalves annular valve 3 and the other valve may be aram valve 4. Thevalves tubular pipe 5. At the end closest to the rams, the tubular pipe is connected with thewell head 2, and at the other end, the tubular pipe may be connected with alubricator 20 comprising awell intervention tool 100 illustrated by dotted lines. Thus, thetubular pipe 5 encloses acavity 10 which is in fluid communication with the well head when the intervention blowout preventer is 1 mounted onto thewell head 2 and at least oneplug 37 in the well head has been removed by means of anintervention tool 100. - The
lubricator 20 is arranged on top of theintervention blowout preventer 1, said lubricator being arranged comprising the intervention tool capable of pulling theplug 37 and providing access to the well for a subsequent tool. Theintervention tool 100 is powered by means of awireline 24 extending through agrease injection head 21. - The
intervention blowout preventer 1 further comprises apressure reducing system 120 in the form of achamber 6 and apiston 7. Thepiston 7 is arranged inside the chamber dividing the chamber into afirst chamber part 8 and asecond chamber part 9. Thefirst chamber part 8 is in fluid communication with the cavity and thesecond chamber part 9 is filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas. Thechamber 6 is connected with thetubular pipe 5 by means of aflow channel 15 providing the fluid communication between the cavity and the first chamber part. Acontrol device 11, such as a valve, is arranged in theflow channel 15 for controlling the flow of fluid into thefirst chamber part 8. Thecontrol device 11 is closed when thelubricator 20 is connecting and subsequently, thecontrol device 11 is opened, hence letting fluid from the cavity into thefirst chamber part 8, decreasing the pressure inside theintervention blowout preventer 1 and thelubricator 20. By decreasing the pressure inside theintervention blowout preventer 1, the force acting on theplug 37 is also decreased substantially and theplug 37 is thus easier to pull. - By having a
pressure reducing system 120 in the form of thechamber 6 with thepiston 7, it is thus possible to equalise the pressure over thewell head 2, so that the pressure in theintervention blowout preventer 1 can be adjusted to be substantially the same as the pressure in the well below the plug or plugs. - Inside the chamber, the piston is slidably arranged on a
shaft 12 which is also inside the chamber. In this way, the movement of the piston is controlled so that the piston does not tilt and jam if further movement of the piston is needed. When the fluid is let into the first chamber part, the gas inside the second chamber part is compressed, increasing the volume of the first chamber part as it is filled with fluid. - The capacity of the chamber is typically 5 litres, preferably 8 litres or more preferably 10 litres, or more.
- The
control device 11 may also comprise a motor adjusting the control device or the position of the valve in order to let more or less fluid into the first chamber, or even stop the fluid from entering. - By having a
flow channel 15 connecting the chamber with the cavity, the chamber can be arranged at a distance from the tubular part of the intervention blowout preventer and is easily implemented in existing blowout preventers. - Furthermore, the
control device 11 can be mounted on the flow channel so that the control device can be operated by an ROV, or manually or even remotely. - The
intervention blowout preventer 1 may further comprise acontrol unit 38 comprising the storage device, and/or a communication unit for communicating with thecontrol device 11. Theintervention blowout preventer 1 may further comprise a sensor for sensing a pressure in the cavity and the current pressure can be sent through the communication unit or stored for later use. Depending on the pressure, thecontrol device 11 is actuated to either let more fluid into thefirst chamber part 8 or decrease the flow thereto. -
FIG. 2 shows awell intervention tool 100 for pulling theplug 37, such as a crown plug, in atop part 23 of awell head 2 in order to be able to enter the well. Theintervention tool 100 comprises aconnection pulling unit 50, such as a GS pulling tool having aconnection unit 51 matching the connection of theplug 37. When performing a pulling operation, theintervention tool 100 is arranged in a lubricator connected to the top of theintervention blowout preventer 1. Theintervention tool 100 comprises afixation unit 54 for fixating the strokingtool 52 in relation to thewell head 2 so that the axial movement of the strokingtool 52 pulls theplug 37 out of thewell head 2. Thefixation unit 54 comprises an anchoringsection having anchors 57 moving radially from the tool towards an inside wall of thelubricator 20 as shown inFIG. 2 . In another embodiment, thefixation unit 54 comprises a tubular section surrounding part of the connection pulling tool for abutting thetop part 23 of thewell head 2 as shown inFIG. 3 . - The stroking 52 tool comprises a
tool housing 53 in which apressure reducing system 120 in the form of achamber 106 and apiston 107 is arranged. Thepiston 107 is arranged in a sliding manner on ashaft 112 inside the chamber, dividing the chamber into afirst chamber part 108 and asecond chamber part 109. Thefirst chamber part 108 is in fluid communication with anopening 113 in thetool housing 52 and thus in fluid communication with fluid in the lubricator. Thesecond chamber part 109 is filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas. In order to reduce the amount of force needed to pull aplug 37, the pressure inside the lubricator is reduced after the lubricator has been connected with thewell head 2. The strokingtool 52 further comprises acontrol device 111, such as a valve, for controlling the pressure in thelubricator 20 by controlling the amount of fluid let into thefirst chamber part 108. By letting fluid from the lubricator into thefirst chamber part 108, the piston moves and the gas in thesecond chamber part 109 is compressed and the pressure inside the lubricator is reduced. By reducing the pressure in thelubricator 20, the amount of force needed to pull the plug is also reduced substantially, and thus the anchoring force needed is reduced accordingly. By reducing the anchoring force, a standard lubricator can be used to anchor up and the plug can thus be pulled by a stroking tool. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , the connection of theplug 37 to be pulled comprises a female connection and theconnection unit 51 of theconnection pulling unit 50 is shaped as a male connection with latches matching the female connection. Theintervention tool 100 further comprises a strokingtool 52 connected to the connection pulling unit and providing an axial movement along the axial extension for moving the male connection unit into engagement with the female connection of theplug 37. Once the male-shapedconnection unit 51 engages the female connection of the plug, the stroking tool moves a first part of theconnection pulling unit 50 in relation to a second part in order to move the latches radially outwards. - As can be seen, the
control device 112 is arranged in theopening 111, but may be arranged in any suitable manner. - The stroking
tool 52 is connected with theconnection pulling unit 50 by means of astroker shaft 55 and a threaded connection or a conventional male/female connection. - The
intervention blowout preventer 1 may comprise a control unit comprising a storage device, and a communication unit for communicating with thecontrol device 111. In this way, thecontrol device 111 can be controlled from surface. -
FIG. 2 further shows awell intervention system 200 comprising any conventional blowout preventer or the intervention blowout preventer mentioned above and alubricator 20 connectable to the intervention blowout preventer in which theintervention tool 100 is arranged in order to pull theplug 37. Normally, the intervention tool needs to pull two plugs as shown inFIG. 3 , which may be done in two runs. A second intervention tool inside a second lubricator may be arranged in the vicinity of the well head, ready to be connected when the first plug is pulled. - The
pressure reducing system 120 of theintervention blowout preventer 1 may further comprise apump 60 for pumping fluid from the cavity into the first chamber part as shown inFIG. 4 . When equalising the pressure across theplug 37, the pressure in the cavity needs to be reduced. However, it may be necessary to force the fluid into the first chamber part by means of thepump 60 in order to reduce the pressure in the cavity and equalise the pressure across the plug. - In
FIG. 5 , thepressure reducing system 120 comprises an accumulator so that the chamber and the chamber is an accumulator. The accumulator comprises the piston, a bladder or a diaphragm. As shown inFIG. 5 , the piston of thepressure reducing system 120 ofFIG. 1 is replaced with adiaphragm 14 - The
intervention blowout preventer 1 may also comprise an accumulator as an additional pressure reducing system. - The intervention system may comprise a disconnection unit arranged between a lubricator valve and the intervention blowout preventer for disconnecting a part of the system, such as for disconnecting the lubricator and the intervention tool arranged inside the lubricator.
- The
intervention tool 100 may further comprise a driving section, such as a downhole tractor having wheels arranged on projectable arms, in order to anchor the tool inside the lubricator. Due to thepressure reducing system 120, the intervention tool needs not be anchored as much as prior art tools. Theintervention tool 100 may be wireless and driven only by an internal power source, such as a battery. - The
intervention blowout preventer 1 may often be arranged in a supporting structure in the form of a frame structure, and together with the frame structure it forms an intervention module. Furthermore, theintervention blowout preventer 1 comprising a control device on its outside enables a diver or the Remote Operational Vehicle (also called an ROV) to read and/or operate the control device in order to let fluid into thefirst chamber part - The control device may comprise a receiving and/or transmitting unit so that the control device has data transmission capability to a remote operating centre. The remote operating centre may thus be located in the nearest town and still be able to control a park of wells, and thus well heads 2, without viewing the control device. The
intervention blowout preventer 1 may also comprise a control unit comprising a receiving and/or transmitting unit enabling the control unit to transmit data to and from a remote operating centre. Communicating with and receiving and/or transmitting data to and from the remote operating centre may take place by means of a satellite. - A motor, such as an electrical motor, may be arranged to operate the control device.
- A stroking tool is a tool providing an axial force. The stroking tool comprises an electrical motor for driving a pump. The pump pumps fluid into a piston housing to move a piston acting therein. The piston is arranged on the
stroker shaft 55. The pump may pump fluid into the piston housing on one side and simultaneously suck fluid out on the other side of the piston. - By fluid or well fluid is meant any kind of fluid that may be present in oil or gas wells downhole, such as natural gas, oil, oil mud, crude oil, water, etc. By gas is meant any kind of gas composition present in a well, completion, or open hole, and by oil is meant any kind of oil composition, such as crude oil, an oil-containing fluid, etc. Gas, oil, and water fluids may thus all comprise other elements or substances than gas, oil, and/or water, respectively.
- By a casing is meant any kind of pipe, tubing, tubular, liner, string etc. used downhole in relation to oil or natural gas production.
- In the event that the tool is not submergible all the way into the casing, a downhole tractor can be used to push the tool all the way into position in the well. The downhole tractor may have projectable arms having wheels, wherein the wheels contact the inner surface of the casing for propelling the tractor and the tool forward in the casing. A downhole tractor is any kind of driving tool capable of pushing or pulling tools in a well downhole, such as a Well Tractor®.
- Although the invention has been described in the above in connection with preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be evident for a person skilled in the art that several modifications are conceivable without departing from the invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (19)
1. An intervention blowout preventer (1) for being mounted on a well head (2) or a Christmas tree, comprising:
a plurality of valves (3, 4) arranged in fluid communication with each other, connected and forming a tubular pipe (5) enclosing a cavity (10) being in fluid communication with the well head when the intervention blowout preventer is mounted onto the well head and at least one plug 37 in the well head has been removed, wherein the intervention blowout preventer further comprises a pressure reducing system (120) comprising a chamber (6) and a piston (7) arranged inside the chamber dividing the chamber into a first chamber part (8) and a second chamber part (9), the first chamber part being in fluid communication with the cavity and the second chamber part being filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas.
2. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 , wherein the cavity has a first pressure and the intervention blowout preventer further comprises a control device (11), such as a valve, for controlling the pressure in the cavity by letting fluid in the cavity into the first chamber part.
3. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 , wherein the piston is slidably arranged on a shaft (12) arranged inside the chamber.
4. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 , wherein the first chamber part is connected with the cavity by means of a flow channel (15).
5. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 , further comprising a control unit (38) comprising a storage device, and a communication unit for communicating with the control device.
6. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 , further comprising a sensor for sensing a pressure in the cavity.
7. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure reducing system further comprises a pump (60) for pumping fluid from the cavity into the first chamber part.
8. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 , wherein the chamber is an accumulator.
9. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure reducing system further comprises an accumulator.
10. An intervention blowout preventer according to claim 8 , wherein the accumulator comprises the piston, a bladder or a diaphragm.
11. A well intervention tool (100) intended to be arranged in a lubricator for pulling a plug (37) in a top part (23) of a well head (2) or a Christmas tree of a well for entering the well, the well head having an axial extension, comprising:
a connection pulling unit (50) having a connection unit (51) for connection to the plug,
a stroking tool (52) having a tool housing (53) and being connected to the connection pulling unit and providing an axial movement along the axial extension, and
a fixation unit (54) for fixating the stroking tool in relation to the well head so that the axial movement of the stroking tool pulls the plug out of the well head,
wherein the stroking tool comprises a chamber (106) and a piston (107) arranged inside the chamber dividing the chamber into a first chamber part (108) and a second chamber part (109), the first chamber part being in fluid communication with an opening (113) in the tool housing and the second chamber part being filled with a compressible fluid, such as gas.
12. A well intervention tool (100) according to claim 11 , wherein the stroking tool further comprises a control device (11), such as a valve, for letting fluid in through the opening of the housing into the first chamber part.
13. A well intervention tool (100) according to claim 11 wherein the connection pulling unit is a GS pulling tool.
14. A well intervention tool (100) according to claim 11 , wherein the piston is slidably arranged on a shaft (112) arranged inside the chamber.
15. A well intervention tool (100) according to claim 11 , wherein the control device is arranged in the opening.
16. A well intervention tool (100) according to claim 11 , wherein the stroking tool is connected with the connection pulling unit by means of a stroker shaft (55).
17. A well intervention tool (100) according to claim 11 , wherein the fixating unit comprises an anchoring section having anchors moving radially from the tool towards an inside wall of the lubricator.
18. A well intervention system (200) comprising:
an intervention blowout preventer according to claim 1 for connection onto a well head,
a lubricator (20) connectable to the intervention blowout preventer, and
an intervention tool (100) arranged inside the lubricator for pulling the plug (37) in a top part (23) of a well head (2) or a Christmas tree of a well for entering the well.
19. A well intervention method comprising the steps of:
arranging the well intervention tool (100) according to inside a lubricator,
connecting the lubricator on the intervention blowout preventer,
connecting the well intervention tool to the plug (37),
equalising a pressure inside the cavity of the intervention blowout preventer with a pressure in the well below the plug, and
pulling the plug (37) in a top part (23) of a well head (2) or a Christmas tree of a well.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11172161.9A EP2540956B1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2011-06-30 | Blowout preventer and well intervention tool |
EP11172161.9 | 2011-06-30 | ||
PCT/EP2012/062699 WO2013010777A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2012-06-29 | Intervention blowout preventer and well intervention tool |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20140124686A1 true US20140124686A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
Family
ID=46397287
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/130,191 Abandoned US20140124686A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2012-06-29 | Intervention blowout preventer and well intervention tool |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140124686A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2540956B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103649454A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2012286078B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112013033567A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2840464A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2540956T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2013014574A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2014102490A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013010777A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
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WO2016023037A3 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-03-31 | Wright David C | Apparatus and method usable for open-water rigless and riserless plug and abandonment (p&a) work |
WO2019104111A1 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-31 | Fhe Usa Llc | Remotely operated ball drop and night cap removal device for wellhead pressure control apparatus |
US10363651B2 (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2019-07-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Hammer assembly |
WO2019165327A1 (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-29 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Crown plug pulling tool with bailer feature |
US11391106B2 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2022-07-19 | Gr Energy Services Management, Lp | Nightcap assembly for closing a wellhead and method of using same |
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US8322443B2 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-12-04 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Wellhead tree pressure limiting device |
CA2936916A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-08-06 | Qinterra Technologies As | Method and device for activating and deactivating a gs-tool |
CN110368787B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-08-06 | 无锡市道格环保科技有限公司 | Ozone denitration sprays mixing device |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013010777A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
EP2540956B1 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
CN103649454A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
BR112013033567A2 (en) | 2017-02-07 |
EP2540956A1 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
DK2540956T3 (en) | 2014-03-24 |
AU2012286078A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
RU2014102490A (en) | 2015-08-10 |
MX2013014574A (en) | 2014-03-21 |
AU2012286078B2 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
CA2840464A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
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Legal Events
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Owner name: WELLTEC A/S, DENMARK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:VASQUES, RICARDO REVES;IVERSEN, MORTEN;MACAULAY, MALCOLM;SIGNING DATES FROM 20131120 TO 20131216;REEL/FRAME:031859/0274 Owner name: WELLTEC A/S, DENMARK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HALLUNDBAEK, JORGEN;REEL/FRAME:031859/0171 Effective date: 20131202 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
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