US20140096460A1

US20140096460A1 - Construction System for Walls above Ground Level

Info

Publication number: US20140096460A1
Application number: US14/099,346
Authority: US
Inventors: Patrick Toorell; Kent Hankvist
Original assignee: Sto SE and Co KGaA
Current assignee: Sto SE and Co KGaA
Priority date: 2010-03-19
Filing date: 2013-12-06
Publication date: 2014-04-10

Abstract

A construction system for walls situated above the ground and that include thermal insulation having an applied surface layer. An inner insulating panel, which is carried on the wall, has a thermal insulating function as well as a draining function. A surface layer in the form of render forms an external surface layer outside the inner insulating panel.

Description

This application claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/635,610, which is incorporated here by reference.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to a construction system for walls situated above the ground and that comprise thermal insulation having an applied surface layer.
Known construction systems of the type mentioned comprise insulation having an air gap between the insulation and the external masonry, or else the insulation is moisture resistant and does not come off through moisture, or that drainage grooves are arranged along one side surface of insulation panels. Furthermore, thermally insulating drainage panels may be present but that are not formed of cellular plastic material and that are not suitable to be used for rendering.

SUMMARY

An object of the present invention is therefore primarily to provide a construction system that, among other things, solves the above-mentioned disadvantages and that allows reliable and efficient construction of walls having external rendering on the wall.
Said object is achieved by a construction system according to the present invention that essentially is characterized in that an inner insulating panel, which is carried on the wall, has a thermal insulating function as well as a draining function internally in said combined thermally insulating and draining inner insulating panel, and that a surface layer in the form of render forms an external surface layer outside said inner insulating panel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is described below in the form of a couple of preferred embodiment examples, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which

FIGS. 1 and 1A show a first example of a construction system according to the invention,

FIGS. 2 and 2A show a second embodiment example of a construction system according to the invention,

FIGS. 3 and 4 show part of a thermally insulated and draining panel, and

FIG. 5 shows part of a construction system according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

By WO 2009/040376 A1, a wall (300) of a passive building is previously known and that comprises insulating panels (304, 306) that are separated from each other by means of a waterproof and vapour proof barrier (305).
According to the disclosure, FIGS. 17-18 in said WO 2009/040376 A1 and FIG. 3 therein, in that connection it is possible to omit the insulation (306, 304) on either the inside (302) or the outside (301) of this waterproof and vapour proof barrier (305). Furthermore, the outer insulation (304) and the inner insulation (306) may have a thickness of between 1 and 600 mm.
Said waterproof and vapour proof barrier (305) may consist of many different materials, for instance steel, aluminium or other metal materials, wood, plastic, glass fibre or a combination thereof, but most preferably of steel.
An essential function of a building wall is that the wall is thermally insulated to save energy in heating occasions for the building in question.
A further essential function is that the building wall has a draining function to prevent moisture from entering into the building in question.
According to said known WO 2009/040376 A1, if outer thermal insulation (304) is omitted and said waterproof and vapour proof barrier (305) is allowed to consist of, e.g., wood, such a wall will not be good for the building in question if moisture enters through the outer wall to said barrier (305). Then, the wall should become as a sponge that sucks up moisture.
According to the present invention, said problems are solved by there being arranged a thermal insulation and by this insulation in addition having a draining function thanks to it being formed of a combined thermally insulating and draining inner insulating panel 3; 103.
The invention is an air barrier and a weatherproofing of façades of a second layer. As a weatherproofing of a second layer, it also protects against attacks by the elements during the construction process. By the invention as a frame protecting air barrier, the risk of condensate in the wall structure is minimized. The air barrier consists of a plurality of components that are applied continuously and unbroken to the outside of the structure and at connecting pieces and lead-throughs. The construction process should be carried out professionally in such an order that it is possible to guarantee the continuity and long-term durability of the air barrier.
The function as air barrier should not be confused with vapour barrier/vapour retarder such as, e.g., internal PE film. A vapour barrier should be located on the warm side of the wall structure. If a vapour barrier is not used, the wall structure and ventilation have to be adapted in the moisture dimensioning.
The embodiment example shown in FIG. 1 in the form of a perspective view of a wall 2 according to the invention, comprising an inner insulating panel that has a thermal insulating function as well as a draining function internally in the same, and in FIG. 1A in the form of a cross-sectional view, differs from the wall 102 shown in FIG. 2 in the form of a perspective view and in FIG. 2A in the form of a cross-sectional view by this further shown wall 102 comprising a further carried insulating panel 106 that is situated outside the combined thermally insulating and draining inner insulating panel 103 and has a thermal insulating function.
A construction system 1; 101 according to the present invention, which is intended to be used for walls 2; 102 that are situated above the ground and that comprise thermal insulation having an applied surface layer, comprises an inner insulating panel 3; 103 in the wall 2; 102, and which is carried on the wall and preferably on the proper frame 11; 111 of the wall and has a thermal insulating function as well as a draining function, internally in said combined thermally insulating and draining inner insulating panel 3; 103. A surface layer, a protection against rain, in the form of an outer façade layer 5, 5A; 105, 105A of render forms an external primary surface layer outside said inner insulating panel 3; 103. Outside said outer façade layer of proper scratch coat 5A; 105A, there is an outermost layer of finishing coat 17; 117, which is thin and essentially lends the wall 2; 102 its intended colour and/or structure.
Furthermore, the construction system 1; 101 comprises an additional insulating panel 6; 106 carried in the wall 2; 102. Said insulating panel 6; 106 is carried outside the combined insulating and draining inner insulating panel 3; 103 and that has thermally insulating function.
Said inner combined insulating and draining insulating panel 3; 103 is formed of a suitable cellular plastic material, and said insulating panel 106 situated outside the same is formed of cellular plastic material.
Fastening of the first inner combined insulating and draining insulating panel 3; 103 takes place in such a way that it is pasted, a protection against wind, to a suitable substructure 8; 108 in the form of a frame protection that can breathe. Also said second external insulating panel 106 is pasted to a substructure, preferably to said inner combined insulation and drainage panel 103 on the outside 103A thereof by, e.g., being glued thereon.
In order to reinforce the wall 2; 102, reinforcement 4; 104, e.g., glass-fibre fabric, may be laid in the scratch coat layer 5A; 105A of the wall 2; 102, said outer insulating panel 106 being ground on the outer surface 106A thereof so as to be well cleaned and smooth before reinforcement and scratch coating.
Inside the first inner insulating/drainage panel 3; 103, there are attached stiffening panels 16; 116 provided with frame protection 8; 108, to which the inner insulating panel 3; 103 is attached by pasting by means of paste 9; 109 applied by a notched trowel, as the outer panel 106 is pasted by paste 110 applied by a notched trowel.
Between gaps and possible positions of faults in said insulating panels 3; 103, 106, seal foam is filled so that no hollow spaces between the same arise that can propagate heat/cold and moisture through the wall 2; 102.
Outside said outer façade layer of proper scratch coat 5A; 105A, there is an outermost layer of finishing coat 17; 117, which is thin and essentially lends the wall 2; 102 its intended colour and/or structure.
A thermal insulation in the interior of the proper wall is designated by the numerals 15 and 115, respectively, and in the drawings, this insulation 15; 115 is carried by the crossbars 11; 111 of the wall 2; 102 and accordingly forms the wall frame.
Further, the numerals 16 and 116, respectively, designate a substructure in the form of a board on said thermal insulation 15; 115. This board 16; 116 is suitably attached by screws 7; 107 on the crossbars 11; 111.
The construction system 1 which is shown in FIG. 5 consists of a combined thermally insulated and draining inner panel 3; 103 allowing fluid to pass through. Said panel 3 consists of small bodies 200 made of cellular plastic or other thermal insulating material, connected together by glue or other connecting means. Said formed combined thermally insulated and draining inner insulating panel 3 forms a pore-system between said small connected bodies inside the panel 3 and which allow fluid to pass through said panel 3. The Δ P through said construction system 1 is ≦600 Pa.
By said construction system 1 the same wind pressure exists inside said combined thermally insulated and draining inner insulating panel 3; 103 and out at the surface layer 5; 105 since the pressure balancing porous system. All of the wind pressure being received by the surface layer 5; 105 and 17; 117. A plastic sheeting on the inside of the construction system has no function concerning the viscosity of air, but still it is a barrier against water vapour trying through the wall. Diffusion is a much slower course compared with convection that arise inside permeable constructions.
The nature and function should be understood from what has been described above and shown in the drawings, but the invention is naturally not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are feasible, particularly as for the nature of the different parts, or by using an equivalent technique, without departing from the protection area of the invention, such as it is defined in the claims.
Outer surface layers could alternatively be a suitable paint as a complement to or as a replacement for the outermost render layer.

Claims

1. A construction system for a wall situated above ground with thermal insulation having an applied surface layer, comprising:

an inner insulating panel, which is carried on the wall, the inner insulating panel being configured internally for thermally insulating and draining, and

a surface layer forming an external surface layer outside the inner insulating panel.

2. The construction system of claim 1, wherein the inner insulating panel is formed of cellular plastic material.

3. The construction system of claim 1, further comprising a carried insulating panel situated outside the inner insulating panel, wherein the carried insulating panel is configured for thermally insulating.

4. The construction system of claim 3, wherein the carried insulating panel is formed of cellular plastic material.

5. The construction system of claim 1, wherein the inner insulating panel is pasted to a substructure or frame of the wall.

6. The construction system of claim 3, wherein the carried insulating panel is pasted to a substructure.

7. The construction system of claim 6, wherein the carried insulating panel is pasted directly onto the inner insulating panel.

8. The construction system of claim 6, further comprising reinforcement laid in a scratch coat surface layer of the wall, the carried insulating panel being cleaned and smoothed before reinforcement and scratch coating.

9. The construction system of claim 8, wherein the reinforcement is formed of fiberglass.

10. The construction system of claim 5, further comprising stiffening panels attached internally of the inner insulating panel.

11. The construction system of claim 6, further comprising foam sealant filled into gaps and between flaws in the insulating panels.

12. The construction system of claim 1, wherein the inner insulating panel is carried on a frame of the wall.

13. A construction system for a wall situated above ground with thermal insulation having an applied surface layer, comprising:

a surface layer forming an external surface layer outside the inner insulating panel;

wherein the inner insulating panel is formed of small bodies of cellular thermal insulating material adhered together such that pores between the small bodies are formed in the inner insulating panel, the pores enabling fluid to pass through the inner insulating panel.

14. The construction system of claim 13, wherein the cellular thermal insulating material is a plastic material.

15. The construction system of claim 13, further comprising a carried insulating panel situated outside the inner insulating panel, wherein the carried insulating panel is configured for thermally insulating.

16. The construction system of claim 15, wherein the carried insulating panel is formed of cellular plastic material.

17. The construction system of claim 15, wherein either the inner insulating panel or the carried insulating panel is pasted to a substructure or frame of the wall.

18. The construction system of claim 17, wherein the carried insulating panel is pasted to the substructure and directly onto the inner insulating panel.

19. The construction system of claim 17, further comprising reinforcement laid in a scratch coat surface layer of the wall, the carried insulating panel being cleaned and smoothed before reinforcement and scratch coating.

20. The construction system of claim 17, wherein the inner insulating panel is pasted to the substructure or frame of the wall, and further comprising stiffening panels attached internally of the inner insulating panel.