US20130271017A1 - Light-emitting Diode (LED) Driving Circuit - Google Patents
Light-emitting Diode (LED) Driving Circuit Download PDFInfo
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- US20130271017A1 US20130271017A1 US13/913,758 US201313913758A US2013271017A1 US 20130271017 A1 US20130271017 A1 US 20130271017A1 US 201313913758 A US201313913758 A US 201313913758A US 2013271017 A1 US2013271017 A1 US 2013271017A1
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- lightbars
- terminal
- current mirror
- coupled
- transistors
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- H05B33/0815—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
- H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
- H05B45/325—Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/395—Linear regulators
- H05B45/397—Current mirror circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
- H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
- H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light-emitting diode (LED) driving circuit. More particularly, the present invention relates to an LED driving circuit for driving a plurality of lightbars each including a plurality of LEDs coupled in series.
- LED light-emitting diode
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional LED driving circuit.
- an LED driving circuit 1 is adapted to driving a plurality of lightbars LB 1 -LB m , and each lightbar LBi includes a plurality of LEDs D 1 -Dn coupled in series, where m and n are positive integers, and i is an integer from 1 to m.
- the LED driving circuit 1 includes a direct-current to direct-current (DC/DC) converter 11 and an LED controller 12 .
- the DC/DC converter 11 such as a buck or boost converter converts a DC input voltage Vin to a DC voltage V 1 b sufficient to drive the lightbars LB 1 -LBm.
- Each lightbar LBi has a first terminal coupled to the DC/DC converter 11 to receive the DC voltage V 1 b and a second terminal coupled to a corresponding channel terminal CHi of the LED controller 12 .
- the LED controller 12 detects current of each lightbar LBi and controls current of each lightbar LBi to become equal to a predetermined value by built-in constant current sources or variable resistors; that is, the LED controller 12 balances currents of the lightbars LB 1 -LBm.
- the LED controller 12 further outputs a feedback signal from a feedback terminal FB to control the DC/DC converter 11 to adjust the DC voltage V 1 b.
- an LED driving circuit 2 includes a DC/DC converter 21 , an LED controller 22 , a plurality of transistors M 1 -Mm and a plurality of resistors R 1 -Rm.
- the transistor Mi and the resistor Ri are coupled in series between the second terminal of a corresponding lightbar LBi and a ground.
- the LED controller 22 detects current of each lightbar LBi from a corresponding current sensing terminal ISi and outputs a signal from a corresponding channel terminal CHi to control current of each lightbar LBi to become equal to a predetermined value.
- the LED controller 22 further detects a voltage at the second terminal of each lightbar LBi from a voltage detecting terminal VDi to provide a short protection for the lightbars LB 1 -LBm.
- the LED driving circuits 1 and 2 employ the LED controllers 12 and 22 which are specific-purpose integrated circuits (ICs).
- ICs specific-purpose integrated circuits
- a commercially available LED controller IC supports a fixed number of lightbars. It may be necessary to employ a plurality of LED controller ICs to drive the lightbars as the number of the lightbars increases.
- the number of the transistors M 1 -Mm and the resistors R 1 -Rm employed in the LED driving circuit 2 will increase as the number of the lightbars increases. Therefore, as the number of the lightbars increases, the conventional LED driving circuits become more complex and expensive to design and manufacture.
- the present invention provides an LED driving circuit for driving a plurality of first lightbars and a plurality of second lightbars.
- Each of the first lightbars and the second lightbars includes a plurality of LEDs coupled in series.
- Each of the first lightbars and the second lightbars has a first terminal coupled to receive a direct-current (DC) voltage and a second terminal.
- the LED driving circuit includes a first current mirror, a second current mirror and a control circuit.
- the first current mirror is coupled to the second terminals of the first lightbars. The first current mirror balances currents of the first lightbars when the first current mirror is enabled, and causes the currents of the first lightbars to become zero when the first current mirror is disabled.
- the second current mirror is coupled to the second terminals of the second lightbars.
- the second current mirror balances currents of the second lightbars when the second current mirror is enabled, and causes the currents of the second lightbars to become zero when the second current mirror is disabled.
- the control circuit is coupled to the first current mirror and the second current mirror. During a first period, the control circuit disables the second current mirror and adjusts the duration of enabling the first current mirror according to a dimming signal. During a second period, the control circuit disables the first current mirror and adjusts the duration of enabling the second current minor according to the dimming signal. The first period and the second period are repeated alternatively.
- the control circuit includes a controller, a first switch, a first current detector, a second switch and a second current detector.
- the controller outputs a first pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal and a second PWM signal.
- PWM pulse-width modulation
- a duty cycle of the first PWM signal is determined by the dimming signal and the total current of the first lightbars
- a duty cycle of the second PWM signal is determined by the dimming signal and the total current of the second lightbars.
- the first switch has a first terminal coupled to the first current mirror to receive the total current of the first lightbars, a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to the controller to receive the first PWM signal.
- the first current detector has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first switch and the controller and a second terminal coupled to a ground.
- the first current detector detects the total current of the first lightbars.
- the second switch has a first terminal coupled to the second current mirror to receive the total current of the second lightbars, a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to the controller to receive the second PWM signal.
- the second current detector has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second switch and the controller and a second terminal coupled to the ground. The second current detector detects the total current of the second lightbars.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional LED driving circuit
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating another conventional LED driving circuit
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an LED driving circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the LED driving circuit shown in FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 5 is a timing diagram illustrating time division control of the LED driving circuit shown in FIG. 4 under maximum brightness.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an LED driving circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- an LED driving circuit 3 is adapted to driving a plurality of first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m and a plurality of second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m, where m is a positive integer.
- Each of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m and the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m includes a plurality of LEDs D 1 -Dn coupled in series, where n is a positive integer.
- Each of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m and the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m has a first terminal coupled to receive a DC voltage V 1 b and a second terminal.
- the DC voltage V 1 b is provided by the DC/DC converter 11 shown in FIG. 1 .
- the LED driving circuit 3 includes a first current mirror 31 , a second current mirror 32 and a control circuit 33 .
- the first current mirror 31 is coupled to the second terminals of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m to receive currents I 11 -I 1 m of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m.
- the first current mirror 31 balances the currents I 11 -I 1 m of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m when the first current mirror 31 is enabled, and causes the currents I 11 -I 1 m of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m to become zero when the first current mirror 31 is disabled.
- the second current mirror 32 is coupled to the second terminals of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m to receive currents I 21 -I 2 m of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m.
- the second current mirror 32 balances the currents I 21 -I 2 m of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m when the second current mirror 32 is enabled, and causes the currents I 21 -I 2 m of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m to become zero when the second current mirror 32 is disabled.
- the control circuit 33 is coupled to the first current mirror 31 and the second current mirror 32 .
- the control circuit 33 disables the second current mirror 32 , and the control circuit 33 enables the first current mirror 31 and adjusts the duration of enabling the first current mirror 31 according to a dimming signal Vdim.
- the control circuit 33 disables the first current mirror 31 , and the control circuit 33 enables the second current mirror 32 and adjusts the duration of enabling the second current mirror 32 according to the dimming signal Vdim.
- the first period and the second period are repeated alternatively.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the LED driving circuit shown in FIG. 3 .
- the first current mirror 31 includes a plurality of first transistors Q 11 -Q 1 m .
- Each first transistor Q 1 i has a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal, where i is an integer from 1 to m.
- the first terminal of each first transistor Q 1 i is coupled to the second terminal of a corresponding first lightbar LB 1 i .
- the second terminals of the first transistors Q 11 -Q 1 m are coupled to one another and to the control circuit 33 .
- the control terminals of the first transistors Q 11 -Q 1 m are coupled to one another and to the first terminal of one of the first transistors Q 11 -Q 1 m (e.g. Q 11 ).
- the second current mirror 32 includes a plurality of second transistors Q 21 -Q 2 m .
- Each second transistor Q 2 i has a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal.
- the first terminal of each second transistor Q 2 i is coupled to the second terminal of a corresponding second lightbar LB 2 i .
- the second terminals of the second transistors Q 21 -Q 2 m are coupled to one another and to the control circuit 33 .
- the control terminals of the second transistors Q 21 -Q 2 m are coupled to one another and to the first terminal of one of the second transistors Q 21 -Q 2 m (e.g. Q 21 ).
- the first transistors Q 11 -Q 1 m and the second transistors Q 21 -Q 2 m are matched to one another.
- the control circuit 33 includes a controller U 1 , a first switch M 1 , a first current detector Rd 1 , a second switch M 2 and a second current detector Rd 2 .
- the controller U 1 outputs a first pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal Vpwm 1 and a second PWM signal Vpwm 2 .
- PWM pulse-width modulation
- a duty cycle of the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 is determined by the dimming signal Vdim and the total current I 31 of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m
- a duty cycle of the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 is determined by the dimming signal Vdim and the total current I 32 of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m , in which the total current I 31 is the sum of the currents I 11 -I 1 m
- the total current I 32 is the sum of the currents I 21 -I 2 m .
- the first switch M 1 has a first terminal coupled to the second terminals of the first transistors Q 11 -Q 1 m to receive the total current I 31 of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m , a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to receive the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 .
- the first current detector Rd 1 has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first switch M 1 and the controller U 1 and a second terminal coupled to a ground. The first current detector Rd 1 detects the total current I 31 of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m .
- the second switch M 2 has a first terminal coupled to the second terminals of the second transistors Q 21 -Q 2 m to receive the total current I 32 of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m , a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to receive the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 .
- the second current detector Rd 2 has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second switch M 2 and the controller U 1 and a second terminal coupled to the ground. The second current detector Rd 2 detects the total current I 32 of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m.
- the controller U 1 is a general-purpose PWM controller IC such as TL494 or OZ9938.
- the controller U 1 has a dimming terminal DIM, output terminals G 1 and G 2 and a current sensing terminal IS.
- the controller U 1 receives the dimming signal Vdim from the dimming terminal DIM, obtains the detection result of the total current I 31 of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m and the total current I 32 of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m from the current sensing terminal IS, and outputs the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 and the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 from the output terminals G 1 and G 2 .
- the first transistors Q 11 -Q 1 m and the second transistors Q 21 -Q 2 m are N-channel field-effect transistors (FETs).
- the first switch M 1 and the second switch M 2 are implemented by N-channel FETs.
- the first current detector Rd 1 and the second current detector Rd 2 are implemented by resistors.
- the first transistors Q 11 -Q 1 m and the second transistors Q 21 -Q 2 m are NPN bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), and the first switch M 1 and the second switch M 2 are implemented by NPN BJTs.
- FIG. 5 is a timing diagram illustrating time division control of the LED driving circuit shown in FIG. 4 under maximum brightness.
- a pulse signal Vpulse generated by an internal oscillator (not shown) of the controller U 1 is served as an operating frequency of the controller U 1 .
- Time can be divided into a plurality of periods each having a duration of T. Each period includes a pulse having a duration (or pulse width) of Td, where Td is much less than T.
- These pulses are adapted to avoiding overlap between the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 and the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 so that the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m are turned on when the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m are turned off, and the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m are turned off when the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m are turned on.
- odd periods are first periods T 1 and even periods are second periods T 2 ; hence, the first period T 1 and the second period T 2 are repeated alternatively.
- the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 remains at low level and controls the second switch M 2 to be open to disable the second current mirror 32 , then the disabled second current mirror 32 controls the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m to be turned off and causes the currents I 21 -I 2 m of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m to become zero (here, taking the total current I 32 , the sum of the currents I 21 -I 2 m, as an example shown in FIG. 5 ).
- the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 is at high level except in the interval from j ⁇ 2T to (j ⁇ 2T+Td), where j is a non-negative integer.
- the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 at high level of a duration Ton 1 controls the first switch M 1 to be closed to enable the first current mirror 31 , then the enabled first current mirror 31 controls the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m to be turned on and balances the currents I 11 -I 1 m of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m (here, taking the total current I 31 , the sum of the currents I 11 -I 1 m , as an example shown in FIG. 5 ).
- the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 at low level of a duration Td controls the first switch M 1 to be open to disable the first current mirror 31 , then the disabled first current mirror 31 controls the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m to be turned off and causes the currents of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m to become zero.
- the duty cycle of the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 , Ton 1 / 2 T will be adjusted by the controller U 1 according to the dimming signal Vdim and the total current I 31 of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m ; that is, the duration of enabling the first current mirror 31 or the duration of the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 at high level, Ton 1 , will be adjusted.
- the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 remains at low level and controls the first switch M 1 to be open to disable the first current mirror 31 , then the disabled first current mirror 31 controls the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m to be turned off and causes the currents I 11 -I 1 m of the first lightbars LB 11 -LB 1 m to become zero.
- the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 is at high level except in the interval from (2j+1) ⁇ T to ((2j+1) ⁇ T+Td).
- the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 at high level of a duration Ton 2 controls the second switch M 2 to be closed to enable the second current mirror 32 , then the enabled second current mirror 32 controls the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m to be turned on and balances the currents I 21 -I 2 m of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m.
- the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 at low level of a duration Td controls the second switch M 2 to be open to disable the second current mirror 32 , then the disabled second current mirror 32 controls the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m to be turned off and causes the currents I 21 -I 2 m of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m to become zero.
- the duty cycle of the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 , Ton 2 / 2 T will be adjusted by the controller U 1 according to the dimming signal Vdim and the total current I 32 of the second lightbars LB 21 -LB 2 m ; that is, the duration of enabling the second current mirror 32 or the duration of the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 at high level, Ton 2 , will be adjusted.
- the dimming signal Vdim is a DC signal whose magnitude influences the duty cycles of the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 and the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 .
- the dimming signal Vdim is a PWM signal whose duty cycle influences the duty cycles of the first PWM signal Vpwm 1 and the second PWM signal Vpwm 2 .
- the LED driving circuit of the present invention divides all lightbars into the first lightbars and the second lightbars for time division control, and only the first lightbars or the second lightbars are driven in each period. For example, only the first lightbars are driven in the first period, and only the second lightbars are driven in the second period. It reduces the amount of current provided by the DC/DC converter for driving the lightbars in each period; hence, the DC/DC converter can reduce voltage ripple therein and employ a filter capacitor of smaller capacitance at its output to reduce its cost.
- the LED driving circuit of the present invention employs a simple driving structure with reduced components and without using a specific-purpose LED controller IC to reduce its cost.
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Abstract
A light-emitting diode (LED) driving circuit for driving a plurality of first lightbars and a plurality of second lightbars is provided. The LED driving circuit includes a first current mirror, a second current mirror and a control circuit. The first current mirror, if enabled, balances currents of the first lightbars. The second current mirror, if enabled, balances currents of the second lightbars. During a first period, the control circuit disables the second current mirror and adjusts the duration of enabling the first current mirror according to a dimming signal. During a second period, the control circuit disables the first current mirror and adjusts the duration of enabling the second current mirror according to the dimming signal. Therefore, only the first lightbars or the second lightbars are driven in each period.
Description
- The present application is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/913,837 filed Oct. 28, 2010, which claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 98136410, filed Oct. 28, 2009, and Taiwan application serial no. 98138314, filed Nov. 11, 2009, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a light-emitting diode (LED) driving circuit. More particularly, the present invention relates to an LED driving circuit for driving a plurality of lightbars each including a plurality of LEDs coupled in series.
- 2. Description of the Prior Art
-
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional LED driving circuit. Referring toFIG. 1 , anLED driving circuit 1 is adapted to driving a plurality of lightbars LB1-LBm, and each lightbar LBi includes a plurality of LEDs D1-Dn coupled in series, where m and n are positive integers, and i is an integer from 1 to m. TheLED driving circuit 1 includes a direct-current to direct-current (DC/DC)converter 11 and anLED controller 12. The DC/DC converter 11 such as a buck or boost converter converts a DC input voltage Vin to a DC voltage V1 b sufficient to drive the lightbars LB1-LBm. Each lightbar LBi has a first terminal coupled to the DC/DC converter 11 to receive the DC voltage V1 b and a second terminal coupled to a corresponding channel terminal CHi of theLED controller 12. TheLED controller 12 detects current of each lightbar LBi and controls current of each lightbar LBi to become equal to a predetermined value by built-in constant current sources or variable resistors; that is, theLED controller 12 balances currents of the lightbars LB1-LBm. TheLED controller 12 further outputs a feedback signal from a feedback terminal FB to control the DC/DC converter 11 to adjust the DC voltage V1 b. - If too many lightbars LB1-LBm are employed, or if LEDs D1-Dn with high brightness are employed, the total current of the lightbars LB1-LBm may cause the
LED controller 12 to be destroyed. Accordingly, there is a need for an LED driving circuit to employ external control manner shown inFIG. 2 . Referring toFIG. 2 , an LED driving circuit 2 includes a DC/DC converter 21, anLED controller 22, a plurality of transistors M1-Mm and a plurality of resistors R1-Rm. The transistor Mi and the resistor Ri are coupled in series between the second terminal of a corresponding lightbar LBi and a ground. TheLED controller 22 detects current of each lightbar LBi from a corresponding current sensing terminal ISi and outputs a signal from a corresponding channel terminal CHi to control current of each lightbar LBi to become equal to a predetermined value. TheLED controller 22 further detects a voltage at the second terminal of each lightbar LBi from a voltage detecting terminal VDi to provide a short protection for the lightbars LB1-LBm. - The
LED driving circuits 1 and 2 employ theLED controllers - It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an LED driving circuit employing a simple driving structure with reduced components and without using a specific-purpose LED controller IC.
- The present invention provides an LED driving circuit for driving a plurality of first lightbars and a plurality of second lightbars. Each of the first lightbars and the second lightbars includes a plurality of LEDs coupled in series. Each of the first lightbars and the second lightbars has a first terminal coupled to receive a direct-current (DC) voltage and a second terminal. The LED driving circuit includes a first current mirror, a second current mirror and a control circuit. The first current mirror is coupled to the second terminals of the first lightbars. The first current mirror balances currents of the first lightbars when the first current mirror is enabled, and causes the currents of the first lightbars to become zero when the first current mirror is disabled. The second current mirror is coupled to the second terminals of the second lightbars. The second current mirror balances currents of the second lightbars when the second current mirror is enabled, and causes the currents of the second lightbars to become zero when the second current mirror is disabled. The control circuit is coupled to the first current mirror and the second current mirror. During a first period, the control circuit disables the second current mirror and adjusts the duration of enabling the first current mirror according to a dimming signal. During a second period, the control circuit disables the first current mirror and adjusts the duration of enabling the second current minor according to the dimming signal. The first period and the second period are repeated alternatively.
- The control circuit includes a controller, a first switch, a first current detector, a second switch and a second current detector. The controller outputs a first pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal and a second PWM signal. A duty cycle of the first PWM signal is determined by the dimming signal and the total current of the first lightbars, and a duty cycle of the second PWM signal is determined by the dimming signal and the total current of the second lightbars. The first switch has a first terminal coupled to the first current mirror to receive the total current of the first lightbars, a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to the controller to receive the first PWM signal. The first current detector has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first switch and the controller and a second terminal coupled to a ground. The first current detector detects the total current of the first lightbars. The second switch has a first terminal coupled to the second current mirror to receive the total current of the second lightbars, a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to the controller to receive the second PWM signal. The second current detector has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second switch and the controller and a second terminal coupled to the ground. The second current detector detects the total current of the second lightbars.
- The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
-
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional LED driving circuit; -
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating another conventional LED driving circuit; -
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an LED driving circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the LED driving circuit shown inFIG. 3 ; and -
FIG. 5 is a timing diagram illustrating time division control of the LED driving circuit shown inFIG. 4 under maximum brightness. - Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts.
-
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an LED driving circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 3 , an LED driving circuit 3 is adapted to driving a plurality of first lightbars LB11-LB1 m and a plurality of second lightbars LB21-LB2 m, where m is a positive integer. Each of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m and the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m includes a plurality of LEDs D1-Dn coupled in series, where n is a positive integer. Each of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m and the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m has a first terminal coupled to receive a DC voltage V1 b and a second terminal. The DC voltage V1 b, for example, is provided by the DC/DC converter 11 shown inFIG. 1 . - The LED driving circuit 3 includes a first
current mirror 31, a secondcurrent mirror 32 and acontrol circuit 33. The firstcurrent mirror 31 is coupled to the second terminals of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m to receive currents I11-I1 m of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m. The firstcurrent mirror 31 balances the currents I11-I1 m of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m when the firstcurrent mirror 31 is enabled, and causes the currents I11-I1 m of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m to become zero when the firstcurrent mirror 31 is disabled. The secondcurrent mirror 32 is coupled to the second terminals of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m to receive currents I21-I2 m of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m. The secondcurrent mirror 32 balances the currents I21-I2 m of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m when the secondcurrent mirror 32 is enabled, and causes the currents I21-I2 m of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m to become zero when the secondcurrent mirror 32 is disabled. Thecontrol circuit 33 is coupled to the firstcurrent mirror 31 and the secondcurrent mirror 32. During a first period, thecontrol circuit 33 disables the secondcurrent mirror 32, and thecontrol circuit 33 enables the firstcurrent mirror 31 and adjusts the duration of enabling the firstcurrent mirror 31 according to a dimming signal Vdim. During a second period, thecontrol circuit 33 disables the firstcurrent mirror 31, and thecontrol circuit 33 enables the secondcurrent mirror 32 and adjusts the duration of enabling the secondcurrent mirror 32 according to the dimming signal Vdim. The first period and the second period are repeated alternatively. -
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the LED driving circuit shown inFIG. 3 . Referring toFIG. 4 , the firstcurrent mirror 31 includes a plurality of first transistors Q11-Q1 m. Each first transistor Q1 i has a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal, where i is an integer from 1 to m. The first terminal of each first transistor Q1 i is coupled to the second terminal of a corresponding first lightbar LB1 i. The second terminals of the first transistors Q11-Q1 m are coupled to one another and to thecontrol circuit 33. The control terminals of the first transistors Q11-Q1 m are coupled to one another and to the first terminal of one of the first transistors Q11-Q1 m (e.g. Q11). The secondcurrent mirror 32 includes a plurality of second transistors Q21-Q2 m. Each second transistor Q2 i has a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal. The first terminal of each second transistor Q2 i is coupled to the second terminal of a corresponding second lightbar LB2 i. The second terminals of the second transistors Q21-Q2 m are coupled to one another and to thecontrol circuit 33. The control terminals of the second transistors Q21-Q2 m are coupled to one another and to the first terminal of one of the second transistors Q21-Q2 m (e.g. Q21). The first transistors Q11-Q1 m and the second transistors Q21-Q2 m are matched to one another. - The
control circuit 33 includes a controller U1, a first switch M1, a first current detector Rd1, a second switch M2 and a second current detector Rd2. The controller U1 outputs a first pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal Vpwm1 and a second PWM signal Vpwm2. A duty cycle of the first PWM signal Vpwm1 is determined by the dimming signal Vdim and the total current I31 of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m, and a duty cycle of the second PWM signal Vpwm2 is determined by the dimming signal Vdim and the total current I32 of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m, in which the total current I31 is the sum of the currents I11-I1 m, and the total current I32 is the sum of the currents I21-I2 m. The first switch M1 has a first terminal coupled to the second terminals of the first transistors Q11-Q1 m to receive the total current I31 of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m, a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to receive the first PWM signal Vpwm1. The first current detector Rd1 has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first switch M1 and the controller U1 and a second terminal coupled to a ground. The first current detector Rd1 detects the total current I31 of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m. The second switch M2 has a first terminal coupled to the second terminals of the second transistors Q21-Q2 m to receive the total current I32 of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m, a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to receive the second PWM signal Vpwm2. The second current detector Rd2 has a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second switch M2 and the controller U1 and a second terminal coupled to the ground. The second current detector Rd2 detects the total current I32 of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m. - In this embodiment, the controller U1 is a general-purpose PWM controller IC such as TL494 or OZ9938. The controller U1 has a dimming terminal DIM, output terminals G1 and G2 and a current sensing terminal IS. The controller U1 receives the dimming signal Vdim from the dimming terminal DIM, obtains the detection result of the total current I31 of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m and the total current I32 of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m from the current sensing terminal IS, and outputs the first PWM signal Vpwm1 and the second PWM signal Vpwm2 from the output terminals G1 and G2. The first transistors Q11-Q1 m and the second transistors Q21-Q2 m are N-channel field-effect transistors (FETs). The first switch M1 and the second switch M2 are implemented by N-channel FETs. The first current detector Rd1 and the second current detector Rd2 are implemented by resistors. In an alternative embodiment, the first transistors Q11-Q1 m and the second transistors Q21-Q2 m are NPN bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), and the first switch M1 and the second switch M2 are implemented by NPN BJTs.
-
FIG. 5 is a timing diagram illustrating time division control of the LED driving circuit shown inFIG. 4 under maximum brightness. Referring toFIG. 5 , a pulse signal Vpulse generated by an internal oscillator (not shown) of the controller U1 is served as an operating frequency of the controller U1. Time can be divided into a plurality of periods each having a duration of T. Each period includes a pulse having a duration (or pulse width) of Td, where Td is much less than T. These pulses are adapted to avoiding overlap between the first PWM signal Vpwm1 and the second PWM signal Vpwm2 so that the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m are turned on when the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m are turned off, and the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m are turned off when the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m are turned on. It is defined that odd periods are first periods T1 and even periods are second periods T2; hence, the first period T1 and the second period T2 are repeated alternatively. - During the first period T1, the second PWM signal Vpwm2 remains at low level and controls the second switch M2 to be open to disable the second
current mirror 32, then the disabled secondcurrent mirror 32 controls the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m to be turned off and causes the currents I21-I2 m of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m to become zero (here, taking the total current I32, the sum of the currents I21-I2m, as an example shown inFIG. 5 ). The first PWM signal Vpwm1 is at high level except in the interval from j×2T to (j×2T+Td), where j is a non-negative integer. The first PWM signal Vpwm1 at high level of a duration Ton1 controls the first switch M1 to be closed to enable the firstcurrent mirror 31, then the enabled firstcurrent mirror 31 controls the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m to be turned on and balances the currents I11-I1 m of the first lightbars LB 11-LB1 m (here, taking the total current I31, the sum of the currents I11-I1 m, as an example shown inFIG. 5 ). The first PWM signal Vpwm1 at low level of a duration Td controls the first switch M1 to be open to disable the firstcurrent mirror 31, then the disabled firstcurrent mirror 31 controls the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m to be turned off and causes the currents of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m to become zero. The duty cycle of the first PWM signal Vpwm1, Ton1/2T, will be adjusted by the controller U1 according to the dimming signal Vdim and the total current I31 of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m; that is, the duration of enabling the firstcurrent mirror 31 or the duration of the first PWM signal Vpwm1 at high level, Ton1, will be adjusted. - During the second period T2, the first PWM signal Vpwm1 remains at low level and controls the first switch M1 to be open to disable the first
current mirror 31, then the disabled firstcurrent mirror 31 controls the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m to be turned off and causes the currents I11-I1 m of the first lightbars LB11-LB1 m to become zero. The second PWM signal Vpwm2 is at high level except in the interval from (2j+1)×T to ((2j+1)×T+Td). The second PWM signal Vpwm2 at high level of a duration Ton2 controls the second switch M2 to be closed to enable the secondcurrent mirror 32, then the enabled secondcurrent mirror 32 controls the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m to be turned on and balances the currents I21-I2 m of the second lightbars LB21-LB2m. The second PWM signal Vpwm2 at low level of a duration Td controls the second switch M2 to be open to disable the secondcurrent mirror 32, then the disabled secondcurrent mirror 32 controls the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m to be turned off and causes the currents I21-I2 m of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m to become zero. The duty cycle of the second PWM signal Vpwm2, Ton2/2T, will be adjusted by the controller U1 according to the dimming signal Vdim and the total current I32 of the second lightbars LB21-LB2 m; that is, the duration of enabling the secondcurrent mirror 32 or the duration of the second PWM signal Vpwm2 at high level, Ton2, will be adjusted. - In this embodiment, the dimming signal Vdim is a DC signal whose magnitude influences the duty cycles of the first PWM signal Vpwm1 and the second PWM signal Vpwm2. In alternative embodiment, the dimming signal Vdim is a PWM signal whose duty cycle influences the duty cycles of the first PWM signal Vpwm1 and the second PWM signal Vpwm2.
- In summary, the LED driving circuit of the present invention divides all lightbars into the first lightbars and the second lightbars for time division control, and only the first lightbars or the second lightbars are driven in each period. For example, only the first lightbars are driven in the first period, and only the second lightbars are driven in the second period. It reduces the amount of current provided by the DC/DC converter for driving the lightbars in each period; hence, the DC/DC converter can reduce voltage ripple therein and employ a filter capacitor of smaller capacitance at its output to reduce its cost. In addition, the LED driving circuit of the present invention employs a simple driving structure with reduced components and without using a specific-purpose LED controller IC to reduce its cost.
- It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A light-emitting diode (LED) driving circuit for driving a plurality of first lightbars and a plurality of second lightbars, each of the first lightbars and the second lightbars comprising a plurality of LEDs coupled in series, each of the first lightbars and the second lightbars having a first terminal coupled to receive a direct-current (DC) voltage and a second terminal, the LED driving circuit comprising:
a first current mirror coupled to the second terminals of the first lightbars for balancing currents of the first lightbars when the first current mirror is enabled, and causing the currents of the first lightbars to become zero when the first current mirror is disabled;
a second current mirror coupled to the second terminals of the second lightbars for balancing currents of the second lightbars when the second current mirror is enabled, and causing the currents of the second lightbars to become zero when the second current mirror is disabled; and
a control circuit coupled to the first current mirror and the second current mirror for, during a first period, disabling the second current mirror and adjusting the duration of enabling the first current mirror according to a dimming signal; and, during a second period, disabling the first current mirror and adjusting the duration of enabling the second current mirror according to the dimming signal, the first period and the second period being repeated alternatively;
wherein the control circuit comprises:
a controller for outputting a first pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal and a second PWM signal, a duty cycle of the first PWM signal being determined by the dimming signal and the total current of the first lightbars, a duty cycle of the second PWM signal being determined by the dimming signal and the total current of the second lightbars;
a first switch having a first terminal coupled to the first current mirror to receive the total current of the first lightbars, a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to the controller to receive the first PWM signal;
a first current detector having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first switch and the controller and a second terminal coupled to a ground, the first current detector detecting the total current of the first lightbars;
a second switch having a first terminal coupled to the second current mirror to receive the total current of the second lightbars, a second terminal and a control terminal coupled to the controller to receive the second PWM signal; and
a second current detector having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second switch and the controller and a second terminal coupled to the ground, the second current detector detecting the total current of the second lightbars.
2. The LED driving circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the first current mirror comprises a plurality of first transistors, each first transistor having a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal, the first terminal of each first transistor being coupled to the second terminal of a corresponding first lightbar, the second terminals of the first transistors being coupled to one another and to the control circuit, the control terminals of the first transistors being coupled to one another and to the first terminal of one of the first transistors; and
wherein the second current mirror comprises a plurality of second transistors, each second transistor having a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal, the first terminal of each second transistor being coupled to the second terminal of a corresponding second lightbar, the second terminals of the second transistors being coupled to one another and to the control circuit, the control terminals of the second transistors being coupled to one another and to the first terminal of one of the second transistors, the first transistors and the second transistors being matched to one another.
3. The LED driving circuit according to claim 2 , wherein the first transistors and the second transistors comprise NPN bipolar junction transistors (BJTs).
4. The LED driving circuit according to claim 2 , wherein the first transistors and the second transistors comprise N-channel field-effect transistors (FETs).
5. The LED driving circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is a general-purpose PWM controller integrated circuit.
6. The LED driving circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the first switch and the second switch are implemented by N-channel PETs.
7. The LED driving circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the first current detector and the second current detector are implemented by resistors.
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US13/913,758 US20130271017A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2013-06-10 | Light-emitting Diode (LED) Driving Circuit |
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TW98136410A TWI389413B (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2009-10-28 | Apparatus for driving light-emitting diode (led) backlight |
TW098138314 | 2009-11-11 | ||
TW98138314A TWI404290B (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2009-11-11 | Driver for light-emitting diode (led) light source |
US12/913,837 US8525774B2 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Light-emitting diode (LED) driving circuit |
US13/913,758 US20130271017A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2013-06-10 | Light-emitting Diode (LED) Driving Circuit |
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US12/913,837 Division US8525774B2 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Light-emitting diode (LED) driving circuit |
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US13/913,758 Abandoned US20130271017A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2013-06-10 | Light-emitting Diode (LED) Driving Circuit |
US13/913,789 Active US8624829B2 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2013-06-10 | Light-emitting diode (LED) driving circuit |
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US20130271008A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
US8624829B2 (en) | 2014-01-07 |
US8525774B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 |
US20110096055A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
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