US2011557A - Window structure - Google Patents

Window structure Download PDF

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US2011557A
US2011557A US701354A US70135433A US2011557A US 2011557 A US2011557 A US 2011557A US 701354 A US701354 A US 701354A US 70135433 A US70135433 A US 70135433A US 2011557 A US2011557 A US 2011557A
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glass
panes
air
gasket
transparent
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US701354A
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Frederick O Anderegg
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/6612—Evacuated glazing units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66304—Discrete spacing elements, e.g. for evacuated glazing units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66328—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of rubber, plastics or similar materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66333—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of unusual substances, e.g. wood or other fibrous materials, glass or other transparent materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66342—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit characterised by their sealed connection to the panes
    • E06B3/66347—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit characterised by their sealed connection to the panes with integral grooves or rabbets for holding the panes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31645—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

Definitions

  • My invention relates to windows and particularly to double wall windows,
  • An object of my invention is to provide a double wall anti-fogging window structure embodying a novel frame 5 structure.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a window structure that shall have a relatively high heat-insulating characteristic.
  • Another object o f my invention is to provide a double wall window structure that shall be so constructed as to maintain its original non-condensing characteristic indeilnitely and prevent crystalline growth on vthe inclosed surfaces.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a relatively simple and inexpensive assembly for A a double wall window structure that shall be easily and quickly installed,
  • Another object o f my invention is to provide a double wall window structure that shall be substantially self-contained and vbe provided with means for attaching' thereto the mounting or ysupporting fixtures.
  • I provide a pair of spaced panes of glass, each pane having a relatively thin layer of a transparent resin on the inner surface and a peripheral frame and gasket including a transparent resin, around .and between the edges of the panes of glass, the gasket a stiiener of any one of a number of different materials.
  • I may also enclose a gas having a molecular weight greater than air, between the panes of glass and also. one ⁇ or more spacers intermediate the edges of the panes to prevent collapse thereof under extreme changes of atmospheric pressure.
  • Figure 1 of the drawing illustrates, in front view, 'a window structure embodying my invenview, taken to Fig. 4, showing another modification of a gasket spacer,
  • FIG. 8 is a'fragmentary sectional'view, similar to Fig. 4, showing still another modification of a spacer gasket, and,
  • Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view, in centralsection.
  • a double wall structure l I which comprises two panes .of glass I3 and I5, which will usually, but not necessarily, be coextensive and which may be of any kind of glass used fo windows.
  • each pane of glass is coated, as by dipping,4 spraying, or any other method effective for the purpose, with a relatively thin layer I1 of a resin solution which is transparent, which adheres tightly to the glass, and which remains so during its entire life in the device.
  • the vinyl acetate or similar resin is mixed with a volatile solvent, such as any of the esters, for example ethyl acetate.
  • I may also add thereto a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate, with the object of obtaining a transparent and substantially unchanging solution, which will readilyadhere tightly to the surface of a pane of glass and which will'prevent fogging and will not react with acids inthe air-to produce a bloom or efflorescence on the surface of the coating, which is not only unsightly but would also tend to reduce the transparency of the window.
  • a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate
  • This frame and spacer may be madev of vinyl acetate which may be vcompounded with a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate or other resins, s'uch as some of the A glyptals. I may also use nitrocellulose in the strip to increase the stiifnessbf the frame and l gasket.
  • This spacing frame mayior instance be made up of a number of suitable pieces, either of straight or ⁇ of L-shape and applied to the the two coated panes of glass with thespacer frame gasket in proper operative positions relatively to each other and subject the whole assembly to the proper degree of heat to cause the frame and coatings to harden and adhere to each other and to the surface of the pane of glass, whereby the latter is protected from etching action and crystal growth.
  • the two coated panes of glass may be clamped together during the heating operation with suiiicient pressure to cause the frame and gasket to adhere to the coatings and to form therewith a at-box-like air- ⁇ tight member located between the'two panes of glass and to holdl them in spaced position a small distance apart, the outer edge portion of Ithe frame extending beyond thev edges of the glass and Aalso enclosing the same, as shown in the drawing.
  • Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through one rame and gasket located adjacent one edge of the structure il.
  • a stiilener and spacer 25 which may comprise a bundle ofrelatively thin rods or threads of glass. I may also use a twisted cord or rope of articial vsilk as a stiffener.
  • Fig. 6 of the drawing I have there shown a metal insert 21 in a frame gasket 29 of resin,I and while I have shown a folded strip of metal, such as aluminum, I do not desire to be limited to any one form of folded metal strip or to one kind of metal.
  • the main consideration is that the gasket shall cooperate ⁇ withthe layers of resin on the panes of glass to form therewith an air-tight box-like memberwhose characteristics will not change with age.
  • a double wall structure of this kind will be subjected to relativelyl large variations of presference of pressure being Ion the order of iour pounds per square inch when the car in which the window is located travels from sea level to ⁇ the highest altitude reached by railroad trains.
  • panes, f glass which can be used without an ⁇ internal spacer is quite limited and to enable me to use larger panes of glass I provide, as shown in Fig. ⁇ 1 of the drawing, a plurality of spacers 3l located between the coated panes of glass.
  • spacers may be in the form of short lengths of glass rods cut to the proper si'ze or glass buttons, and any desired number of such posts or buttons may be used and distributed over the area of the window.
  • I may use one or more strips of glass or other transparent material extending laterally of the structure, such as is shown at 33 in Figs. 1, 2 and 9. Such strips of glass or 'equivalent' material would prevent convection currents of air in the space between the panes o f glass or at least reduce the vertical lheight of the space in which such convection currents of air can flow.
  • I provide suitable means to reduce such conductions.
  • I may displace the air originally included between the panes of glass and in the air-tight'box-like member by ailuid, preferably gaseous, which is transparent and which has a high molecular Weight.
  • ailuid preferably gaseous, which is transparent and which has a high molecular Weight.
  • eousV lling and in order to exhaust the air and introduce vthe gas of heavy molecular weight I may provide two small tubes -35 at opposite corners or points of the assembly, shown generally in Fig. 1 of the drawing and shown on an en- I may use carbon dioxide for the gaslarged scale in Figs. 4 and v5 of the drawing.
  • These tubes may, for instance,l extend through the frame gasket. I9 and be open initially at both ends. After the air in the space between the panes of glass has been displaced by the gas of heavy molecular weight the outer ends of the two tubes 35 may be sealed offlush with the outer edge'of the structure. l
  • I may also use a iiuorchloro compound of carbon or of phosphorus or mixtures of such and similar gases, having a boiling point less than 20 F., compounds which are transparent and which have a molecular weight greater than air (which has a 'molecular weight of 29) their molecular weight being 50 or even more.
  • a gas having amolecular weight greater-than air tends to reduce the conduction of heat through the space between. the spaced panes of glass, such reduction being in substantially direct proportion to the increased molecular weight.
  • the gasket surrounding the edges of the pair vof panes of glass extends therefrom a distance suicient toprovide a relatively strong frame which retains its mechanical strength under all ordinary conditions of operation and of service. Openings 39 may be provided in the frame to permit of securing thereto a mounting or supporting device, in the nature of a. hinge structure or a lock or catch.
  • the window structure embodying my invention thus provides a relatively simple and easily manufactured and assembled double-pane anti-fogging Window structure that embodies not only means for assuring that its original degree of transparency will continue throughout its use but in- This may be done in any well Small openings 31 may.
  • Vthe space between the two panes of glass may be on the order of .V4 inch or less.
  • a unitary anti-fogging window structure including two spaced parallel extending panes of l glass, anti-Rigging coatings adherent to and supspaced panes of glass, relatively thin layers of a transparent resirr one on each inner surface of each pane of glass and a reinforced gasket of a transparent resin at and between the edges of the panes of glass.
  • a window structure comprising a ⁇ pair of panes of glass, a relatively thin layer of a transparent resin on the inner surface of each pane of glass, said layers being independent of each other and a spacing gasket at and between the edges of the panes of glass, said gasket including a core of solid material and a surrounding body of transparent resin.
  • a window structure comp sing a pair of spaced parallel-extending panes of glass and an lair-tight flat-box-like member of a transparent resin located between the panes of glass, having Y its flat sides adhering to the inner surfaces of the respective panes of glass and including a transparent spacer between the flat sides of the boxlike member.
  • a window structure comprising a pair of spaced substantially coextensive panes of glass
  • a window structure comprising spaced coextensive panes of glass, an air-tight i'iat-box-like member of ⁇ a ytransparent resin .located between the panes of glass-and having its larger sides adhering totheinner ofthe.
  • panes of glass and tgaseous means at sub-atmospheric pressure within the box-like member to reduce the speedof convection currents of air therewithin and to ltransfer of heattherethrough.
  • Awindow structure comprising a pair of per square inch absolute.
  • the spacing strip includes a transparent refractory v apairof e 3 spaced parallel-extending panes of glass, relatively thin layers of a transparent resin on the inner surfaces of the respective panes of glass, said layers being spaced apart, a peripheral gasket of resin at and between the edges of the panes of glass and a heavier-than-air gas between the panes of glass to reduce the heat transfer therebetween.
  • a window structure comprising afpair of coextensive parallel panes of glass, a relatively thin layer of a. transparent resin adhering to the inner surface of the respective panes of glass, said layers being spaced apart, a peripheral gasket of a transparent resin at and between the panes of glass to space them apart and a transparent gaseous uid having a boiling point of less than 20 F.
  • a window structure comprising a pair of spaced panes of glass, a thin layer of a. transparent resin' on the inner surfaces ofthe respec- -tive panes of glass, a transparent peripheral gasket having an air tight union with the ⁇ two layers of resin, and a gaseous filling between the panes of glass having a pressure between seven and twelve 14.
  • a window structure comprising a pair voi? ,spaced parallel-extending panes of glass, a unitary air-tight flatbox-like member of a transparent vinyl resin located between the panes of glass and having its fiat sides tightly adherent to the inner 'surfaces of the respective panes of glass and aV heavier-than-air gaseous fluid within the flat-boxlike member having a boiling point of less than F., a molecular weight of more than 30 and y a pressure of between seven and twelve per square inch absolute.
  • a window structure comprising a pair .of spaced co-extensive panes of glass, air-tight flatbox-like 'means'formed of a transparent medium located between the panes of glass and having its larger sides adhering to the inner surface'sof the respective panes of glass, said medium at 'all conditions of the outer atmosphere'being transparent,
  • a window structure comprising a pair of spaced co-extensive panes of glass, air-tight flatbox-like means formed of a tt medium located between the panes of glass and having its ditions ofthe outer atmosphere being ofsolid status, adherent-to glass, and a heavierthan-air 'gas at sub-atmospheric pressure consned within ma air-tight ina-impune means t msnnarcxo.

Description

Aug., 20, 1935. F. o. ANDREGG 2,011,557
' wINDow STRUCTURE Filed Dec. '7, 1933 I Hyg. 59.3.
WITNESS IVNVENTOR Patented Aug. 20, '1935.
UNITED STATES vPATENT OFFICE WINDOW STRUCTURE Frederick 0. Anderegg, Forest Borough, Pa.l
Application December 7,1933, Serial No. 701,354 17 (ci. en -56.5)
My invention relates to windows and particularly to double wall windows, An object of my invention is to provide a double wall anti-fogging window structure embodying a novel frame 5 structure.
Another object of my invention is to provide a window structure that shall have a relatively high heat-insulating characteristic.
Another object o f my invention is to provide a double wall window structure that shall be so constructed as to maintain its original non-condensing characteristic indeilnitely and prevent crystalline growth on vthe inclosed surfaces.
Another object of my invention is to provide a relatively simple and inexpensive assembly for A a double wall window structure that shall be easily and quickly installed,
Another object o f my invention is to provide a double wall window structure that shall be substantially self-contained and vbe provided with means for attaching' thereto the mounting or ysupporting fixtures.
Other objects of my invention will either be apparent from the description of a structure em'- bodying my invention or will be pointed out during the description thereof.
In practicing my invention I provide a pair of spaced panes of glass, each pane having a relatively thin layer of a transparent resin on the inner surface and a peripheral frame and gasket including a transparent resin, around .and between the edges of the panes of glass, the gasket a stiiener of any one of a number of different materials. I may also enclose a gas having a molecular weight greater than air, between the panes of glass and also. one` or more spacers intermediate the edges of the panes to prevent collapse thereof under extreme changes of atmospheric pressure. Figure 1 of the drawing illustrates, in front view, 'a window structure embodying my invenview, taken to Fig. 4, showing another modification of a gasket spacer,
8 is a'fragmentary sectional'view, similar to Fig. 4, showing still another modification of a spacer gasket, and,
Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view, in centralsection.
Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing, I have there illustrated a double wall structure l I, which comprises two panes .of glass I3 and I5, which will usually, but not necessarily, be coextensive and which may be of any kind of glass used fo windows.
One surface of each pane of glass is coated, as by dipping,4 spraying, or any other method effective for the purpose, with a relatively thin layer I1 of a resin solution which is transparent, which adheres tightly to the glass, and which remains so during its entire life in the device.
There are a number ofl resin solutions which I may use and I may mention glyptal resins,
glycerol-phthalate modified by a drying oil suhas tung oil, and particularly a solution of vinyl acetate or a similar vinylite, or in fact any similar resin solution which is transparent and which. may or may not be thermo-plastic. The vinyl acetate or similar resin is mixed with a volatile solvent, such as any of the esters, for example ethyl acetate. I may also add thereto a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate, with the object of obtaining a transparent and substantially unchanging solution, which will readilyadhere tightly to the surface of a pane of glass and which will'prevent fogging and will not react with acids inthe air-to produce a bloom or efflorescence on the surface of the coating, which is not only unsightly but would also tend to reduce the transparency of the window. Before y applying such coating the surface of the glass should be thoroughly cleaned', and the coating should be so applied as to be of uniform thickness and be evenly distributed` In order to maintain this coating in its original condition it is necessary that it be sealed in and to samev kindused for making the spraying solution for the coating. This frame and spacer may be madev of vinyl acetate which may be vcompounded with a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate or other resins, s'uch as some of the A glyptals. I may also use nitrocellulose in the strip to increase the stiifnessbf the frame and l gasket. This spacing frame mayior instance be made up of a number of suitable pieces, either of straight or` of L-shape and applied to the the two coated panes of glass with thespacer frame gasket in proper operative positions relatively to each other and subject the whole assembly to the proper degree of heat to cause the frame and coatings to harden and adhere to each other and to the surface of the pane of glass, whereby the latter is protected from etching action and crystal growth. The two coated panes of glass may be clamped together during the heating operation with suiiicient pressure to cause the frame and gasket to adhere to the coatings and to form therewith a at-box-like air-` tight member located between the'two panes of glass and to holdl them in spaced position a small distance apart, the outer edge portion of Ithe frame extending beyond thev edges of the glass and Aalso enclosing the same, as shown in the drawing.
I may also use a glass rod 23 embedded in the gasket I9 as shown in Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawing, and as shown also on a slightly enlarged scale in Fig. 4'thereof. Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through one rame and gasket located adjacent one edge of the structure il.
Referring to Fig. 7 of the d a g I have there shown a stiilener and spacer 25 which may comprise a bundle ofrelatively thin rods or threads of glass. I may also use a twisted cord or rope of articial vsilk as a stiffener.
lReferring to Fig. 6 of the drawing I have there shown a metal insert 21 in a frame gasket 29 of resin,I and while I have shown a folded strip of metal, such as aluminum, I do not desire to be limited to any one form of folded metal strip or to one kind of metal. The main consideration is that the gasket shall cooperate `withthe layers of resin on the panes of glass to form therewith an air-tight box-like memberwhose characteristics will not change with age.
A double wall structure of this kind will be subjected to relativelyl large variations of presference of pressure being Ion the order of iour pounds per square inch when the car in which the window is located travels from sea level to` the highest altitude reached by railroad trains.
It is c-bvious that the size of the panes, f glass which can be used without an` internal spacer is quite limited and to enable me to use larger panes of glass I provide, as shown in Fig. `1 of the drawing, a plurality of spacers 3l located between the coated panes of glass. These spacers may be in the form of short lengths of glass rods cut to the proper si'ze or glass buttons, and any desired number of such posts or buttons may be used and distributed over the area of the window. A
I may use one or more strips of glass or other transparent material extending laterally of the structure, such as is shown at 33 in Figs. 1, 2 and 9. Such strips of glass or 'equivalent' material would prevent convection currents of air in the space between the panes o f glass or at least reduce the vertical lheight of the space in which such convection currents of air can flow.
MostA of the heat which flows transversely across the structure comprising the two spaced panes of glassv is by conduction and I provide suitable means to reduce such conductions. I may displace the air originally included between the panes of glass and in the air-tight'box-like member by ailuid, preferably gaseous, which is transparent and which has a high molecular Weight. eousV lling, and in order to exhaust the air and introduce vthe gas of heavy molecular weight I may provide two small tubes -35 at opposite corners or points of the assembly, shown generally in Fig. 1 of the drawing and shown on an en- I may use carbon dioxide for the gaslarged scale in Figs. 4 and v5 of the drawing.
'These tubesmay, for instance,l extend through the frame gasket. I9 and be open initially at both ends. After the air in the space between the panes of glass has been displaced by the gas of heavy molecular weight the outer ends of the two tubes 35 may be sealed offlush with the outer edge'of the structure. l
I may also use a iiuorchloro compound of carbon or of phosphorus or mixtures of such and similar gases, having a boiling point less than 20 F., compounds which are transparent and which have a molecular weight greater than air (which has a 'molecular weight of 29) their molecular weight being 50 or even more. The use of a gas having amolecular weight greater-than air tends to reduce the conduction of heat through the space between. the spaced panes of glass, such reduction being in substantially direct proportion to the increased molecular weight.
I prefer to introduce the filler gas at an elevated temperature, say on the order of 120 F. or more, and to seal at subatmospheric pressure on the order of ve to twelve pounds per square inch absolute. known manner and will ensure that a positive pressure will never develope within the structure because of change in barometric pressure or rise in temperature. be provided in the strip 33 to permit the above described process to be carried out.
The gasket surrounding the edges of the pair vof panes of glass extends therefrom a distance suicient toprovide a relatively strong frame which retains its mechanical strength under all ordinary conditions of operation and of service. Openings 39 may be provided in the frame to permit of securing thereto a mounting or supporting device, in the nature of a. hinge structure or a lock or catch.
The window structure embodying my invention thus provides a relatively simple and easily manufactured and assembled double-pane anti-fogging Window structure that embodies not only means for assuring that its original degree of transparency will continue throughout its use but in- This may be done in any well Small openings 31 may.
and may be made relatively thin in itslateral dimension, that is Vthe space between the two panes of glass may be on the order of .V4 inch or less.
While I have illustrated and described several forms of my invention now preferred by me, I do not-wish to be restricted thereto but desirethat all equivalents covered by the appended claims l shall be included therein. Y
I claim as my invention:- 1. A unitary anti-fogging window structure including two spaced parallel extending panes of l glass, anti-Rigging coatings adherent to and supspaced panes of glass, relatively thin layers of a transparent resirr one on each inner surface of each pane of glass and a reinforced gasket of a transparent resin at and between the edges of the panes of glass.
4. A window structure comprising a `pair of panes of glass, a relatively thin layer of a transparent resin on the inner surface of each pane of glass, said layers being independent of each other and a spacing gasket at and between the edges of the panes of glass, said gasket including a core of solid material and a surrounding body of transparent resin.
5.A window structure comp sing a pair of spaced parallel-extending panes of glass and an lair-tight flat-box-like member of a transparent resin located between the panes of glass, having Y its flat sides adhering to the inner surfaces of the respective panes of glass and including a transparent spacer between the flat sides of the boxlike member.
6. A device as set forth in claim in which the gasket includes a'stiifener extending longitudinally of the gasket.
7. A window structure comprising a pair of spaced substantially coextensive panes of glass,
a relatively thin layer of transparent vinyl resin on the inner surface of the respective panes of glassand a spacing strip of vinyl resin at, be-
, tween and around the edges of the panes of glass.
8. A structure asset forth in claim 'I in whichl the material of the spacing strip has chemically mixed therewith a stiffening material. 9. A structure as set forth in claim core. v
10.' A window structure comprising spaced coextensive panes of glass, an air-tight i'iat-box-like member of `a ytransparent resin .located between the panes of glass-and having its larger sides adhering totheinner ofthe.
respective panes of glass and tgaseous means at sub-atmospheric pressure within the box-like member to reduce the speedof convection currents of air therewithin and to ltransfer of heattherethrough.
11. Awindow structure comprising a pair of per square inch absolute.
'1 in whien the spacing strip includes a transparent refractory v apairof e 3 spaced parallel-extending panes of glass, relatively thin layers of a transparent resin on the inner surfaces of the respective panes of glass, said layers being spaced apart, a peripheral gasket of resin at and between the edges of the panes of glass and a heavier-than-air gas between the panes of glass to reduce the heat transfer therebetween. v
A12. A window structure comprising afpair of coextensive parallel panes of glass, a relatively thin layer of a. transparent resin adhering to the inner surface of the respective panes of glass, said layers being spaced apart, a peripheral gasket of a transparent resin at and between the panes of glass to space them apart and a transparent gaseous uid having a boiling point of less than 20 F. be-
tween the panes of glass.
V13. A window structure comprising a pair of spaced panes of glass, a thin layer of a. transparent resin' on the inner surfaces ofthe respec- -tive panes of glass, a transparent peripheral gasket having an air tight union with the` two layers of resin, and a gaseous filling between the panes of glass having a pressure between seven and twelve 14. A structure as set forth in claim 12 in which the gaseous fluid is at sub-atmospheric pressure.
15. .A window structure comprising a pair voi? ,spaced parallel-extending panes of glass, a unitary air-tight flatbox-like member of a transparent vinyl resin located between the panes of glass and having its fiat sides tightly adherent to the inner 'surfaces of the respective panes of glass and aV heavier-than-air gaseous fluid within the flat-boxlike member having a boiling point of less than F., a molecular weight of more than 30 and y a pressure of between seven and twelve per square inch absolute.
b 16. A window structure comprising a pair .of spaced co-extensive panes of glass, air-tight flatbox-like 'means'formed of a transparent medium located between the panes of glass and having its larger sides adhering to the inner surface'sof the respective panes of glass, said medium at 'all conditions of the outer atmosphere'being transparent,
AV of solid status, adherent to glass, and a heavierthan-air gas confined within said air-tight flatbox-like means.
17. A window structure comprising a pair of spaced co-extensive panes of glass, air-tight flatbox-like means formed of a tt medium located between the panes of glass and having its ditions ofthe outer atmosphere being ofsolid status, adherent-to glass, and a heavierthan-air 'gas at sub-atmospheric pressure consned within ma air-tight ina-impune means t msnnarcxo..
:largersidesadheringtctheinnersurfacesof the Vrespective panes of glass, said medium at all'con-
US701354A 1933-12-07 1933-12-07 Window structure Expired - Lifetime US2011557A (en)

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US2425883A (en) * 1941-08-08 1947-08-19 John G Jackson Concrete structural element reinforced with glass filaments
US2605516A (en) * 1951-07-19 1952-08-05 Gugliotta Thomas Frost prevention means
US2670508A (en) * 1951-05-26 1954-03-02 Sylvan Joseph Double pane sash assembly
US2960249A (en) * 1956-05-31 1960-11-15 Robert L Walsh Container framework
US3097061A (en) * 1959-01-16 1963-07-09 Spiegelglaswerke Germania Ag Z Process for the preparation of multi-pane insulating glass
DE2461532A1 (en) * 1974-12-27 1976-07-08 Bfg Glassgroup Sound-insulating glass panes - contg inter chamber filled with gas (mixt) having sound velocity below that of air
US4019295A (en) * 1974-09-16 1977-04-26 Bfg Glassgroup Light transmitting panel with sound damping properties
US4850175A (en) * 1985-11-07 1989-07-25 Indal Limited Spacer assembly for multiple glazed unit
US4928448A (en) * 1988-05-02 1990-05-29 Enhanced Insulations, Inc. Thermally insulating window and method of forming
US5027574A (en) * 1988-05-02 1991-07-02 Phillip Bradley L Thermally insulating structure
US5169694A (en) * 1989-01-18 1992-12-08 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Composite multilayer glass sheet for motor vehicles
EP0890699A3 (en) * 1997-07-07 1999-11-10 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Glazing element with high insulating properties provided with a plastic section member
WO2001029357A1 (en) * 1999-10-21 2001-04-26 Guardian Industries Corporation Vacuum ig window unit with spacers in seal
US6326067B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2001-12-04 Guardian Industries Corporation Vacuum IG pillar with DLC coating
US6336984B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2002-01-08 Guardian Industries Corporation Vacuum IG window unit with peripheral seal at least partially diffused at temper
US6352749B1 (en) 1999-12-10 2002-03-05 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with transparent spacers
US6365242B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-04-02 Guardian Industries Corp. Peripheral seal for vacuum IG window unit
US6372312B1 (en) 2000-02-17 2002-04-16 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with micro-sized spacers
US6383580B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2002-05-07 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with edge mounted pump-out tube
US6399169B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-06-04 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with dual peripheral seal
US6420002B1 (en) 1999-08-18 2002-07-16 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with spacer/pillar getter
WO2002057583A1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-07-25 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum ig window unit with fiber inclusive edge seal
US6436492B1 (en) 1999-11-16 2002-08-20 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with fiber spacers
US6444281B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2002-09-03 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with spacers between first and second edge seals
US6469243B2 (en) 1999-12-27 2002-10-22 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Dye-sensitizing solar cell, method for manufacturing dye-sensitizing solar cell and solar cell module
US6497931B1 (en) 2000-01-11 2002-12-24 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with colored spacers
US6506272B1 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-01-14 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with seal for pump-out aperture
US6541083B1 (en) 2000-01-11 2003-04-01 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with alkali silicate edge seal and/or spacers
US6558494B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2003-05-06 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with edge seal at least partially diffused at temper and completed via microwave curing, and corresponding method of making the same
US6701749B2 (en) 2000-09-27 2004-03-09 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with edge seal at least partially diffused at temper and completed via microwave curing, and corresponding method of making the same
FR2861120A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-04-22 Patrice Cardot Double-glazed panel manufacturing procedure uses spacer of thermoplastic resin film that is heated to stick glass panes together after evacuating air
US6946171B1 (en) 1999-09-22 2005-09-20 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG pillar with lubricating and/or reflective coating
US20060157274A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2006-07-20 Stark David H Wafer-level hermetic micro-device packages
US20080257401A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2008-10-23 Apollon Solar Photovoltaic module and method for production thereof
US20090074997A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Electronics Packaging Solutions, Inc. Insulating glass unit having multi-height internal standoffs and visible decoration
US20100034996A1 (en) * 2008-08-09 2010-02-11 Lawrence Mott Asymmetrical flexible edge seal for vacuum insulating glass
US20100178439A1 (en) * 2009-01-15 2010-07-15 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Flexible edge seal for vacuum insulating glazing units
US20100175347A1 (en) * 2009-01-15 2010-07-15 Bettger Kenneth J Filament-strung stand-off elements for maintaining pane separation in vacuum insulating glazing units
US7832177B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2010-11-16 Electronics Packaging Solutions, Inc. Insulated glazing units
US8679598B2 (en) 2010-10-08 2014-03-25 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum insulated glass (VIG) unit including nano-composite pillars, and/or methods of making the same
US8950162B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2015-02-10 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Multi-pane glass unit having seal with adhesive and hermetic coating layer
US9328512B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2016-05-03 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Method and apparatus for an insulating glazing unit and compliant seal for an insulating glazing unit
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US9784027B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2017-10-10 Guardian Glass, LLC Vacuum insulating glass (VIG) unit with metallic peripheral edge seal and/or methods of making the same
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US20180245334A1 (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-30 Knoll, Inc. Noise reduction apparatus and method of making and using the same
US10145005B2 (en) 2015-08-19 2018-12-04 Guardian Glass, LLC Techniques for low temperature direct graphene growth on glass
US10280680B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2019-05-07 Guardian Glass, LLC Vacuum insulating glass (VIG) unit with pump-out port sealed using metal solder seal, and/or method of making the same
US20200071988A1 (en) * 2017-03-03 2020-03-05 Dow Silicones Corporation Transparent unit

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2425883A (en) * 1941-08-08 1947-08-19 John G Jackson Concrete structural element reinforced with glass filaments
US2670508A (en) * 1951-05-26 1954-03-02 Sylvan Joseph Double pane sash assembly
US2605516A (en) * 1951-07-19 1952-08-05 Gugliotta Thomas Frost prevention means
US2960249A (en) * 1956-05-31 1960-11-15 Robert L Walsh Container framework
US3097061A (en) * 1959-01-16 1963-07-09 Spiegelglaswerke Germania Ag Z Process for the preparation of multi-pane insulating glass
US4019295A (en) * 1974-09-16 1977-04-26 Bfg Glassgroup Light transmitting panel with sound damping properties
US4047351A (en) * 1974-09-16 1977-09-13 Bfg Glassgroup Light transmitting panel
DE2461532A1 (en) * 1974-12-27 1976-07-08 Bfg Glassgroup Sound-insulating glass panes - contg inter chamber filled with gas (mixt) having sound velocity below that of air
US4850175A (en) * 1985-11-07 1989-07-25 Indal Limited Spacer assembly for multiple glazed unit
US4928448A (en) * 1988-05-02 1990-05-29 Enhanced Insulations, Inc. Thermally insulating window and method of forming
US5027574A (en) * 1988-05-02 1991-07-02 Phillip Bradley L Thermally insulating structure
US5169694A (en) * 1989-01-18 1992-12-08 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Composite multilayer glass sheet for motor vehicles
EP0890699A3 (en) * 1997-07-07 1999-11-10 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Glazing element with high insulating properties provided with a plastic section member
US6291036B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2001-09-18 Guardian Industries Corporation Vacuum IG window unit with spacers in seal
US6326067B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2001-12-04 Guardian Industries Corporation Vacuum IG pillar with DLC coating
US6365242B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-04-02 Guardian Industries Corp. Peripheral seal for vacuum IG window unit
US6399169B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-06-04 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with dual peripheral seal
US6420002B1 (en) 1999-08-18 2002-07-16 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with spacer/pillar getter
US6946171B1 (en) 1999-09-22 2005-09-20 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG pillar with lubricating and/or reflective coating
US6641689B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2003-11-04 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with peripheral seal at least partially diffused at temper
US6336984B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2002-01-08 Guardian Industries Corporation Vacuum IG window unit with peripheral seal at least partially diffused at temper
US6558494B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2003-05-06 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with edge seal at least partially diffused at temper and completed via microwave curing, and corresponding method of making the same
US6444281B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2002-09-03 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with spacers between first and second edge seals
WO2001029357A1 (en) * 1999-10-21 2001-04-26 Guardian Industries Corporation Vacuum ig window unit with spacers in seal
US6383580B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2002-05-07 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with edge mounted pump-out tube
US6503583B2 (en) * 1999-11-16 2003-01-07 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with fiber inclusive edge seal
US6436492B1 (en) 1999-11-16 2002-08-20 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with fiber spacers
US6352749B1 (en) 1999-12-10 2002-03-05 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with transparent spacers
US6469243B2 (en) 1999-12-27 2002-10-22 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Dye-sensitizing solar cell, method for manufacturing dye-sensitizing solar cell and solar cell module
US6541083B1 (en) 2000-01-11 2003-04-01 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with alkali silicate edge seal and/or spacers
US6497931B1 (en) 2000-01-11 2002-12-24 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with colored spacers
US6372312B1 (en) 2000-02-17 2002-04-16 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with micro-sized spacers
US6506272B1 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-01-14 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG unit with seal for pump-out aperture
US6701749B2 (en) 2000-09-27 2004-03-09 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum IG window unit with edge seal at least partially diffused at temper and completed via microwave curing, and corresponding method of making the same
WO2002057583A1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-07-25 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum ig window unit with fiber inclusive edge seal
US20060157274A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2006-07-20 Stark David H Wafer-level hermetic micro-device packages
US7832177B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2010-11-16 Electronics Packaging Solutions, Inc. Insulated glazing units
US7517712B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2009-04-14 Electronics Packaging Solutions, Inc. Wafer-level hermetic micro-device packages
US20080257401A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2008-10-23 Apollon Solar Photovoltaic module and method for production thereof
FR2861120A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-04-22 Patrice Cardot Double-glazed panel manufacturing procedure uses spacer of thermoplastic resin film that is heated to stick glass panes together after evacuating air
US7989040B2 (en) 2007-09-14 2011-08-02 Electronics Packaging Solutions, Inc. Insulating glass unit having multi-height internal standoffs and visible decoration
US20090074997A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Electronics Packaging Solutions, Inc. Insulating glass unit having multi-height internal standoffs and visible decoration
US8283023B2 (en) 2008-08-09 2012-10-09 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Asymmetrical flexible edge seal for vacuum insulating glass
US20100034996A1 (en) * 2008-08-09 2010-02-11 Lawrence Mott Asymmetrical flexible edge seal for vacuum insulating glass
US20100175347A1 (en) * 2009-01-15 2010-07-15 Bettger Kenneth J Filament-strung stand-off elements for maintaining pane separation in vacuum insulating glazing units
US8329267B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2012-12-11 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Flexible edge seal for vacuum insulating glazing units
US8512830B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2013-08-20 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Filament-strung stand-off elements for maintaining pane separation in vacuum insulating glazing units
US20100178439A1 (en) * 2009-01-15 2010-07-15 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Flexible edge seal for vacuum insulating glazing units
US8950162B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2015-02-10 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Multi-pane glass unit having seal with adhesive and hermetic coating layer
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US9670713B2 (en) 2010-10-08 2017-06-06 Guardian Industries Corp. Vacuum insulated glass (VIG) unit including nano-composite pillars, and/or methods of making the same
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US9328512B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2016-05-03 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Method and apparatus for an insulating glazing unit and compliant seal for an insulating glazing unit
US11035168B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2021-06-15 Astravac Glass, Inc. Method and apparatus for an insulating glazing unit and compliant seal for an insulating glazing unit
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US10280680B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2019-05-07 Guardian Glass, LLC Vacuum insulating glass (VIG) unit with pump-out port sealed using metal solder seal, and/or method of making the same
US10683695B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2020-06-16 Guardian Glass, Llc. Vacuum insulating glass (VIG) unit with metallic peripheral edge seal and/or methods of making the same
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US9784027B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2017-10-10 Guardian Glass, LLC Vacuum insulating glass (VIG) unit with metallic peripheral edge seal and/or methods of making the same
US10145005B2 (en) 2015-08-19 2018-12-04 Guardian Glass, LLC Techniques for low temperature direct graphene growth on glass
US20180245334A1 (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-30 Knoll, Inc. Noise reduction apparatus and method of making and using the same
US10961700B2 (en) * 2017-02-27 2021-03-30 Knoll, Inc. Noise reduction apparatus and method of making and using the same
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