US20110272402A1

US20110272402A1 - Container for forming a barrier in an enclosed environment

Info

Publication number: US20110272402A1
Application number: US13/102,427
Authority: US
Inventors: Robert Garwood Lamond
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-05-07
Filing date: 2011-05-06
Publication date: 2011-11-10
Also published as: CA2739372A1

Abstract

A barrier for a passage is configured to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, for example for a drift in a mine to close off a zone in the mine. The container may be least partially flexible and expandable, by being formed of woven fabric. A supply pipe for an hydraulic fill extending from outside the zone into the zone, and a drainage pipe can be provided for permitting fluid to drain from the zone. These pipes may extend through or around the container. After placing the container in the passage, the container is expanded to form a barrier in the passage, to close of the zone, except for the pipes. The container is filled with hydraulic fill, e.g a slurry. After forming the barrier, further hydraulic fill is supplied to the zone to fill the zone, with the barriers containing the fill in the desired location.

Description

FIELD

Aspects and embodiments of the invention relate to a container formed of flexible material for forming a barrier in enclosed environment. More particularly, the invention relates to a flexible container, that may be formed of geotextile material, for forming a barrier closing off a drift or tunnel within a mine.

BACKGROUND

The following paragraphs are not an admission that anything discussed in them is prior art or part of the knowledge of persons skilled in the art.
Many mine operations depend on progressively working in old body. As areas of ore body are mined, new tunnels and drifts are made into adjacent areas, to enable further parts of the ore body to be mined. In many cases, once a particular area or zone of the ore body has been exhausted, it is desirable to close off that exhausted area of the ore body.
More particularly, in many ore bodies and rock formations, it is desirable, if not essential, to back fill the mined and exhausted area of the ore body with sand. Such back filling ensures that the exhausted area is stable and cannot collapse, and will use any requirement to maintain supports for tunnels, drifts, and open areas created by the previous mine activities.
Filling an exhausted area and mine with sand or aggregate is usually achieved by supplying a slurry of the sanding aggregate, filling the desired space, and permitting excess water to drain away. Fundamentally, this requires forming some sort of barrier closing off the area to be filled. As the slurry of sand or aggregate will apply considerable pressure load to a barrier, the barrier needs to be substantial. Conventional practice is to form a barrier or fence, which requires bringing in and installing various equipment.

INTRODUCTION

The following introduction is intended to introduce the reader to this specification but not to define any invention. One or more inventions may reside in a combination or sub-combination of the apparatus elements or method steps described below or in other parts of this document. The inventor does not waive or disclaim his rights to any invention or inventions disclosed in this specification merely by not describing such other invention or inventions in the claims.
A barrier for a passage is configured to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, for example for a drift in a mine to close off a zone in the mine. The container may be least partially flexible and expandable, by being formed of woven fabric. A supply pipe for an hydraulic fill may extend from outside the zone into the zone, and a drainage pipe can be provided for permitting fluid, e.g. water and/or air, to drain from the zone. These pipes may extend through or around the container. After placing the container in the passage, the container is expanded to form a barrier in the passage, to close of the zone, except for the pipes. The container is filled with hydraulic fill, e.g. a slurry. After forming the barrier, further hydraulic fill is supplied to the zone to fill the zone, with the barriers containing the fill in the desired location
In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a container for forming a barrier in a passage to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, the container being at least partially flexible to enable the container to conform to the passage, and the container including at least one opening for a pipe, whereby, in use, a pipe is provided extending through the opening into the zone, for filling the zone with a fill material
Another aspect of the present invention provides a container for forming a barrier in a passage to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, the container being at least formed from flexible, woven fabric, to enable the container to conform to the passage, and the container including at least one opening for a pipe, whereby, in use, a pipe is provided extending through the opening into the zone, for filling the zone with a fill material, and the container providing a device for drainage of water from the container.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a container for forming a barrier in a passage to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, the container being at least partially flexible to enable the container to conform to the passage, and preferably being formed of a woven material, e.g. a geotextile, and the container including a strip of porous material to permit liquid to drain from the container.
A further aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming a barrier in a passage, to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, the method comprising:

(a) providing a container that is at least partially flexible and expandable, and placing the container in the passage;
(b) providing a supply pipe for supplying an hydraulic fill extending from outside the zone into the zone, and providing a drainage pipe for permitting fluid to drain from the zone;
(c) expanding the container to form a barrier in the passage, to close of the zone, except for the pipes;
(d) supplying hydraulic fill material through the supply pipe to fill at least partially the zone with the hydraulic fill material, while permitting displaced fluid to vent from the zone through the drainage pipe.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

For better understanding of the present invention and to show more clearly how the invention may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanied drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical section through a passage in a mine;

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical section through the passage in a mine, similar to FIG. 1 and showing placement of a first embodiment of a container according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical section through the passage in a mine, similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, and showing connection of the container to a ventilation system;

FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical section through the passage in a mine, similar to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, and showing inflation of the container;

FIG. 5 is a schematic vertical section through the passage in a mine, similar to FIGS. 1-4, and showing placement supply pipes for the container;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a container according to the present invention, including a drainage tube connected to a rear thereof;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 6, of the container with the drainage tube removed;

FIG. 8A is a perspective view from the underneath of the container of FIGS. 6 and 7 showing an opening in the container, with FIG. 8B showing details of the opening on a larger scale.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various apparatuses or methods will be described below to provide an example of an embodiment of each claimed invention. No embodiment described below limits any claimed invention and any claimed invention may cover apparatuses or methods that are not described below. The claimed inventions are not limited to apparatuses or methods having all of the features of any one apparatus or method described below or to features common to multiple or all of the apparatuses described below. It is possible that an apparatus or method described below is not an embodiment of any claimed invention. The applicants, inventors and owners reserve all rights in any invention disclosed in an apparatus or method described below that is not claimed in this document and do not abandon, disclaim or dedicate to the public any such invention by its disclosure in this document
Referring to the Figures, there is shown a passage in a mine, generally indicated by the reference 10. This passage way may, variously, be described as a drift or tunnel. This passage or drift 10, typically, may lead to an area or zone of a mine, where the ore body has been exhausted, or where for other reasons a decision has been made to stop further mining. For example, perhaps unstable and unsafe conditions have been encountered. Accordingly, it is sometimes desired to refill or back fill this abandoned zone of the mine with material, intended to ensure stability of this area. This ensures that no further maintenance work needs to be required, and it will no longer be necessary to maintain support structures and the like. Then, mining operations can turn to areas and zones of the mine, where mining activities can continue.
For this purpose, and according to the present invention, there is provided a container 12, in the form of a bag formed from a geotextile material. The container 12 can have any suitable shape, depending upon the shape of passage 10. It is expected that the passage 10 will commonly have a generally flat floor. It may have approximately vertical sides walls and a flat roof. For such a cross-section, the container 12, as detailed below can be formed with floor panels corresponding to the floor, sidewalls and roof. For some mining operations, the passage 10 may have a cross-section, showing a generally a flat floor, and then sidewalls and a roof that are essentially continuous and form a curved, arched profile. The container 12 can be formed with one panel corresponding to the floor and then another continuous panel that, in use, forms an arched shaped corresponding to the described arched profile of the sidewalls and the roof.
In any event, whatever the profile of the passage 10, as the container 12 is formed from a flexible fabric, it is possible that a single piece of fabric could extend all around the top, sides and bottom of the container 12, with a single seam joining edges of that single piece of fabric into a tubular shape. Provided that tubular shape has a circumference somewhat larger than the circumference of the passage 10, then it can follow the shape of the tunnel. All that is then required is that end panels have a shape that may approximate the cross-section of the passage 10.
As mentioned, the dimensions of the container 12 can be chosen so that they are slightly larger than the dimensions of the passage 10. This should ensure that, when the container is filled with material, it fully closes off the passage 10, without imposing excessive stresses in the fabric of the container and with the container in close abutment with surfaces defining the passage 10.
The container 12 may be formed from a various geotextile materials. Geotextile materials usually are permeable fabrics which, when used in association with soil or sand, have the ability to separate, filter, reinforce, protect, or drain. Typically, they are made from polypropylene or polyester, geotextile fabrics may come in three basic forms: woven (looks like mail bag sacking), needle punched (looks like felt), or heat bonded (looks like ironed felt).
In the first embodiment of the container 12 shown in FIGS. 1-5, the container 12 has a bottom panel 14 joined to two side panels 16. A top panel 18 is joined along side edges to the two side panels 16 (this panel structure is also present in the second embodiment and apparent from the perspective views of FIGS. 6-8). The container 12 is completed by a front panel 20 and a rear panel 22, each joined to all four of the panels 14, 16, 18, 20 along corresponding edges. In known manner, the panels would be joined by sewing along adjacent edges, to give a desired strength to the container 12.
On the top panel 18, or on the front panel 20, there is provided a relatively large diameter tube connector sleeve 24 for connection to a ventilation system, for providing initial inflation to inflate the container 12 as detailed below. For example, the tube 24 could have a diameter of 30 cms and length of 60 cm. The dimensions of the container 12 will be selected according to the dimensions of the passage 10. It is anticipated that often each container will be custom manufactured to meet the dimensions of a particular site and passage.
On the front panel, there are two connection sleeves 26, forward from the fabric which the container 12 is made. Another connection sleeve 28 is provided on the rear panel 22. Further connection sleeves 30 are provided on both the front and rear panels 20, 22, adjacent lower edges of those panels.
Referring first to FIG. 1, a passage 10, e.g. a tunnel or a drift leading to a stope in a mine, is shown. Depending upon the nature of the ore body and surrounding rock, it is often necessary to reinforce side walls and a top surface of the passage 10, to prevent loose rocks from falling. Thus, screens may be attached to the walls and top surface, to prevent such rock falls.
Before installing the container 12, the desired location in the passage 10 may be cleaned and floors blown backed to solid surface and also it may be backwashed down. To fill in any spaces between screens and the actual surface of the passage 10, foam gaskets may be blown completely around the circumference of the passage 10, as indicated at 32 in FIGS. 1-5. To the greatest extend possible, the surfaces of the foam gaskets will be left reasonably smooth, so as to enable an essentially continuous contact to be made to the container 12, thereby forming an adequate seal with the container 12.
Turning to FIG. 2, the container 12 would be laid on the floor of the mine, and a drainage and ventilation pipe 42, detailed below would be installed. A ventilation pipe 34 is then connected between a ventilation supply duct 36 of a ventilation system and the tube connector sleeve 24 (FIG. 3). Air is blown into the container 12, to inflate the container 12, and thus to expand the container, until it fills the passage 10 contacting the gaskets 32, as indicated in FIGS. 4 and 5.
It is here noted that while three foam gaskets 32 are shown, depending on the nature of the passage 10 and how regular it is, more or fewer foam gaskets 32 may be provided.
After initial inflation, a slurry supply pipe 38 with a branch pipe 40 is mounted in position. The slurry supply pipe 38 passes through the connections sleeves 26, 28 and through the container 12, to a zone 50, to be closed off and to be filled with material. The slurry pipe 38 supplies slurry of sand or other aggregate, as a hydraulic fill material. This corresponds to the installation of the drainage and vent pipe 42, installed extending through the sleeves 30 and through the container 12, into the zone 50. As shown, the end of the drainage pipe 42 is located close to the roof of the zone 50.
The drainage and vent pipe 42 may be formed from a material that is flexible, to enable it to be mounted in desired configuration, but at the same time, sufficiently strong, to resist being compressed and collapse by loads from slurry unlike solid material provided as a fill. It is perforated or otherwise configured, to enable water or other liquid to drain into it. It may be corrugated. The pipe 42 can be provided with a mesh covering, to prevent fine particulate material passing into the pipe 42, so that only air or liquids will drained out through the pipe 42. The vent pipe 42 can be configured to drain fluids (air and water) from the zone 50 and also from the container 12.
With a supply of slurry connected to the slurry supply pipe 38, slurry is first supplied to the container 12 itself, to fill the container and to form a substantial barrier in the passage 10. For this purpose valving is provided to enable the slurry to be directed through the supply pipe 38 to the rear of the container 12, or to be directed through the branch pipe 40 into the container 12. During this filling process, the drainage and vent pipe 42 permits water from the slurry to drain out of the container 12. The slurry supplied to the container 12 may be sand mixed with some cement, so as to form a solid plug in the passage 10. It is expected that it will not be necessary to wait for the cement to set, before filing the zone behind the container 12. It is also possible that filling can take place in stages: first the container is partially filled; while water drains from the container, the zone 50 behind the container is filled with the slurry or hydraulic fill material; and these two steps are repeated as often as is needed, until the container 12 and zone 50 are filled.
Otherwise, with the container 12 filled with the slurry then the zone 50 behind the container 12 can be filled. For this purpose, slurry is then supplied through the supply pipe 38. As the zone 50 is filled with material, air will be displaced, and will vent out through the drainage and vent pipe 42. Additionally, as slurry is supplied to the zone 50, water from the slurry will also pass out through the pipe 42. This slurry may be just an hydraulic mixture of sand, or other aggregate and water, and need not include any cement.
Once the zone 50 has been completely filled with slurry then connections to the supply tube 38 on the front panel 20 can be closed off. At this time, the connection from the drainage and vent pipe 42 will be left open, to permit remaining water or other liquid to drain away from the zone 50, then filled with slurry. Generally, a connection to the drainage and vent pipe 42 will be left open to drain off water that may flow into the filled zone.
Reference will now be made to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 which show the second embodiment of the present invention. Here, for simplicity and brevity like parts are given the same reference numeral, but with a suffix 1, e.g. the container is indicated at 112.
As for the first embodiment, the container 112 has a bottom panel 114, side panels 116 and a top panel 118. It is completed by front and rear panels 120 and 122.
Here, the container 112 additionally has, in the bottom panel 114, an opening 150, that can be closed with a hook and loop fastener 152, or any other suitable closure device.
In use, the bottom of the container 112 is lifted to reveal the hook and loop fastener 152, which is opened to permit access to the interior of the container 112. A person can then enter the container 112 and examine the interior of the container, to ensure that it is adequately arranged contacting the passage 10. In particular, the fabric of the container 112 may be checked for any unnecessary folds and areas that may be, unnecessarily, in tension and not properly contacting the passage 10. The fabric of the container 112 can be pulled and adjusted, so that the container 112 uniformly fills the passage 10 and contacts the foam gaskets 32 continuously. This access can also be used to fit pipes extending through sleeves, e.g. the slurry supply pipe extending through the sleeves, detailed below.
As compared to the first embodiment, the second embodiment has a larger number of connection sleeves. At the top, for pipes supplying slurry, it has four connection sleeves 126 on the front panel 120, and four connection sleeves 128 on the rear panel 122. For a drainage and vent pipe, there are two connection sleeves 130 on the front panel 120 and two on the rear panel 122. A large tube connection sleeve 124 is provided for connection the ventilation system.
As shown in FIG. 7, the tube connection sleeve 124 could alternatively be located on panel 118, to provide easier access when the container is in a collapsed configuration. With the connection sleeve locate on the top, it may prove practical or necessary to partially inflate the container, as the sleeve 124 and any connection to it may contact the top of drift or the like in which it is located. Then, the container can be fully expanded by filling with slurry, etc.
Additionally, to provide for drainage of liquid from the container itself, a strip of porous material 154 can be provided as part of the front panel 120, with the remainder of the front panel, and the other panels, otherwise formed from fabric that is largely non-porous. Further to assist in handling the container 112, fabric handles 156 may be sewn onto various panels
The installation procedure for the container 112 largely follows that for the first embodiment. Exemplary supply pipes for the slurry are indicated at 138. Depending on the size of the area or zone to be filled in, for the container 112 shown, it is possible to supply three separate pipes 138, each extending to a different area of the zone 50. Further, a branch pipe 140 passes through one of the sleeves 126 on the front panel 120 and opens into the interior of the container 112. Any unused sleeves may be closed off, e.g. by folding over the ends of them. Fewer pipes 138 can be provided depending upon the size and the configuration of the zone 50. Alternatively, it may also be possible to provide branches in the tubing 138, behind the container 112, to ensure adequate filling of a larger and more complex zone.
It may be desirable to attach the pipes 138 close to the roof of the passage 10, adjacent the container 112, since with the container 112 filled or expanded, the connection tubes 138 will be adjacent to the roof of the passage 10.
Prior to inflating the container 112 (and this also applies to the container 12), the pipes 138, 140 would be inserted through the connection sleeves 126 and 128 on the front and rear panels 120 and 122, and extending sufficiently far through them, to ensure that they will not become dislodged.
As for the first embodiment to enable the zone 50 to be filled with material and to vent air from the zone 40 to be filled, a drainage and vent pipe, here indicated at 142, is provided. This pipe 142 can be provided in a generally U shape extending up sidewalls of the passage 10 and across the roof thereof, as indicated. Similarly to the supply pipes 138, the pipe 142 will pass through the connection sleeves 130.
In some installations, it may be that the zone to be filled is of complex shape, and presents numerous uneven surfaces. In particular, there may be pockets formed in the roof of the zone to be filled, where air pockets could be trapped as slurry is pumped into the zone. To ensure that such pockets are vented of air and, to the extend possible completely filled with solid material, other configurations of the drainage and vent pipe 142 can be provided.
For example, the pipe 142 can be provided with branches, each terminating at high points in the roof of the zone to be filled, where air pockets might form.
Accordingly, as for the first embodiment, after installation of the container 112 and filing of the container 112 with air, the container 112 will block the passage 10, with the pipe 136 extending through the top of the container 112 and the pipe 142 extending through the bottom thereof. The slurry supply pipes 138 will then be connected to a common manifold, having a connection to a supply for slurry. If required, appropriate connections can be made to the drainage and vent pipes 142, to pump water out of the mine. In some installations, it may be that it would be acceptable to have the pipe 142 simply opening onto the floor of the passage 10, on the understanding that there will be adequate pumping capacity to remove water as it drains.
With the supply of slurry connected to the manifold, slurry is first supplied to the container 112 itself, to fill the container and to form a substantial barrier, in the passage 10. The strip 154 of porous material permits water from the slurry to drain out of the container 112 as it is filled. Again, the slurry supplied to the container 112 may be sand mixed with some cement, so as to form a solid plug in the passage 10. It is expected that it will not be necessary to wait for the cement to set, before filing the zone behind the container 12.
With the container 112 filled with the slurry then the zone behind the container 112 can be filled. For this purpose, slurry can be supplied in any desired order through the supply pipes 138. For example, depending upon the shape and configuration of the zone, slurry can be provided through all three tubes simultaneously, or through the pipes 136 sequentially, so as to fill different parts of the zone in order.
As the zone 50 is filled with material, air will be displaced, and will vent out through pipe 142. Additionally, as slurry is supplied to the zone 50, water from the slurry will also pass out through pipe 142.
Once the zone 40 has been completely filled with slurry then connections to the pipes 138 on the front panel 120 can be closed off. At this time, the connections from the ends of the pipe 142 will be left open, to permit remaining water to drain away from the zone, then filled with slurry. Generally, connections to the pipe 142 will be left open to drain off water that may flow into the filled zone.

Claims

1. A container for forming a barrier in a passage to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, the container being at least partially flexible to enable the container to conform to the passage, and the container including at least one opening for a pipe, whereby, in use, a pipe is provided extending through the opening into the zone, for filling the zone with a fill material.

2. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the container is formed from a flexible material.

3. A container as claimed in claim 2, wherein the container is formed from woven material.

4. A container as claimed in claim 3, wherein the woven material includes at least one panel that is substantially impervious to water, and at least one panel that is porous, to permit water to drain out of the container.

5. A container as claimed in claim 1, including a pair of apertures on opposite sides of the container, providing the opening through the container.

6. A container as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pair of apertures is provided with a pair of connection sleeves, one connection sleeve being provided for each aperture, the connection sleeves providing the opening through the container for sealing to a pipe extending through the opening.

7. A container as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pair of sleeves is provided adjacent the top of the container.

8. A container as claimed in claim 7, including at least one other pair of apertures and respective sleeves, located adjacent the bottom of the container, for a drainage pipe, for venting air and water from the zone.

9. A container as claimed in claim 8, including at least one larger opening and respective connection sleeve, for connecting the container to a ventilation system, for initial inflation of the container, to expand the container.

10. A container as claimed in claim 9, including a plurality of pairs of apertures and respective connection sleeves, providing a plurality of openings through the container, for a plurality of pipes, extending through the container into the zone.

11. A container as claimed in claim 10, including at least one separate aperture with a respective connection sleeve, opening into the container, and for connection to a pipe for supplying fill material into the container.

12. A container as claimed in claim 1, including a closable access opening into the container.

13. A method of forming a barrier in a passage, to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, the method comprising:

(a) providing a container that is at least partially flexible and expandable, and placing the container in the passage;

(b) providing a supply pipe for supplying an hydraulic fill extending from outside the zone into the zone, and providing a drainage pipe for permitting fluid to drain from the zone;

(c) expanding the container to form a barrier in the passage, to close of the zone, except for the pipes;

(d) supplying hydraulic fill material through the supply pipe to fill at least partially the zone with the hydraulic fill material, while permitting displaced fluid to vent from the zone through the drainage pipe.

14. A method as claimed in claim 13, including forming gaskets in the passage before placing the container in the passage, for improving seal with the container.

15. A method as claimed in claim 14, including measuring the dimensions of the passage, and providing a container, whose circumference is larger than the circumference of the passage, whereby the container can be expanded to form the barrier, without imposing excessive tension loads on the container, and with the container in close abutment with the walls of the passage.

16. A method as claimed in claim 15, including providing the container formed from a flexible material.

17. A method as claimed in claim 16, including forming the container from woven material.

18. A container as claimed in claim 17, including providing at least one panel that is substantially impervious to water, and at least one panel that is porous, to permit liquid to drain out of the container.

19. A method as claimed in claim 18, including providing the container with a pair of apertures on opposite sides of the container, to form an opening through the container, and mounting the supply pipe in the apertures, extending through the opening of the container.

20. A method as claimed in claim 19, including providing the pair of apertures with a pair of connection sleeves, one connection sleeve being provided for each aperture, the connection sleeves providing the opening through the container for sealing to a pipe extending through the opening.

21. A method as claimed in claim 20, including providing the pair of sleeves adjacent the top of the container.

22. A method as claimed in claim 21, including providing at least one other pair of apertures and respective sleeves, located adjacent the bottom of the container, for a drainage pipe, for venting air and water from the zone.

23. A method as claimed in claim 8, including providing at least one larger opening and respective connection sleeve, for connecting the container to a ventilation system, step (c) comprising inflating the container with air, to expand the container.

24. A method as claimed in claim 23, including providing a plurality of pairs of apertures and respective connection sleeves, thereby providing a plurality of openings through the container, and mounting a plurality of pipes, extending through the container into the zone, arranging each of said plurality of pipes to end at different locations within the zone, and supplying the hydraulic fill material through said plurality of pipes to fill the zone.

25. A method as claimed in claim 24, including providing at least one separate aperture with a respective connection sleeve, opening into the container, and connecting a supply pipe for hydraulic fill material thereto, and supplying the hydraulic fill material to fill the container, to form the barrier in the passage.

25. A method as claimed in claim 24, including supplying hydraulic fill material to the container that includes cement.

26. A container for forming a barrier in a passage to close off a zone in an enclosed environment, the container being at least formed from flexible, woven fabric, to enable the container to conform to the passage, and the container including at least one opening for a pipe, whereby, in use, a pipe is provided extending through the opening into the zone, for filling the zone with a fill material, and the container providing a device for drainage of water from the container.

27. A container as claimed in claim 26, wherein the woven material includes at least one panel that is substantially impervious to water, and the device for drainage comprising at least one panel that is porous.

28. A container as claimed in claim 26, including a pair of apertures on opposite sides of the container, providing the opening through the container, wherein the pair of apertures is provided with a pair of connection sleeves, one connection sleeve being provided for each aperture, the connection sleeves providing the opening through the container for sealing to a pipe extending through the opening, and wherein the pair of sleeves is preferably provided adjacent the top of the container.

29. A container as claimed in claim 28, including at least one other pair of apertures and respective sleeves, located adjacent the bottom of the container, for a drainage pipe, for venting air and water from the zone, and including at least one larger opening and respective connection sleeve, for connecting the container to a ventilation system, for initial inflation of the container, to expand the container.

30. A container as claimed in claim 26, including a closable access opening into the container.