US2009280A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

July 23, 1935. M SPRENGER 2,009,280

CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 28, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet lV July 23, 1935. M. SPRENGER 2,009,280

CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 28, 1953 Sheets-Sheet 2 x vPatented July 23, 1935A 2,009,280

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

cARBUnE'roR Max Sprenger, Basel, Switzerland, assignor to John Zimmerli, Dallas, Tex.

Application August 28, 1933, Serial No. 687,181

4 Claims. (Cl. 261-34) This invention is a novel improvement in car- When the lower section B is removed, the above buretors, and the principal object of the invenmentioned parts carried thereby are readily action is to provide a carburetor consisting of a cessible for adjustment, repairs, or replacement. casing having upper and lower sections, the lower Upper section A is provided with a fuel inlet 5 section being removably boltedto the upper secduct 3 into which is fitted a gasoline elbow union 5 tionand when removed exposing for repairs, in- 2 provided with the annular lter screen 4 (Fig. spection, or replacement, a removable mixer, a 2) retained in the bore 2a ofthe elbow by a holremovable idling nozzle, a removable high speed low bolt 2b, which bolt is provided with ports 2c nozzle with compensator valve; and an acceleratfor the passage of fuel through the screen 4, to

l0 ing pump, said vital parts of the carburetor being the needle valve and float chamber. Upper secreadily accessible from the lower half of the castion A also has a plate 6 forming the cover of the ing, float chamber l of the lower section B, contain- Further objects of the invention will be herelning the iioat 8 which is provided with a lever 8a after set forth. l adapted to engage the undersideof a plunger 9 I will explain the invention with reference to (Figs. 2 and 8), which operates the needle valve 15 the accompanying drawings which illustrate one lla. practical embodiment thereof to enable others The needle valve assembly comprises a hollow familiar with the SIU t0 adOD' and 11S@ the Same; bolt il) (Figs. 2, 8 and 9) tapped into fuel duct and Will SuIIlIilal'Ze in the Claims the 110Ve1 ea.- 3y the bore 10a 0f the bolt H) being reduced 9,1',

tures of construction, and novel combinations of beth ends, the upper redueed end |01, forming 20 parts, OI Which PIOBCOII iS desifedthe seat for the needle valve. Plunger 9 enters In Said dlaWDgSI- the lower end of bore Illa and has an enlarged FS- 1 S a top plan View 0f my DOVI carburetQrhead 9a Within the bore engaging the underside Fg- 2 1 5 a' Section 0n th? broken hne .2 2 Flgof a slidable carrier il of non-circular cross- 1, in Whlch the acceleratmg Pump high speed section, preferably triangular, and separate from nozzle, and idling nozzle areshown for clearness, plunger 9, which Carrier Carries upon its upper in longitudinal alignment Wlthm the 025mgend the needle valve Ila adapted to stop the iiow F183 3 1 5 a 51de eleva'ton'of thvecarburetor Vof fuel into float chamber l when float 8 is raised.

Fig' 4 1S an end elm/anon lookmg towards the In the side of bolt i0 are ports id for the passage oaft Chamberof fuel. Bolt I0 is exteriorly threaded as at |00 F1g. 5 1s an enlarged vertical section through and may be readily replaced by an assembly haw the high speed nozzle and compensator Valve ing larger or smaller needle valve. My novel detached'. two-part needle valve reduces overflow to a mini- Fig. 6 1s an enlarged Vertlcal section through mum, and largely prevents catching or binding 35 the idling nozzle detached of the needle valve, and overflow cannot occur un- Flg' 7 1S an enlarged sect-'lon through the mixer less the lever 8a carried by iioat 8 is badly damshowing the adJacent parts of the mlxing chamaged or Worn ber At the opposite end of upper section A 1s the 4o thlut lhgrrlenegeveasgggtmough Vcarburetor outlet l2 with coupling flange I3 for 40 Fig' 9 is a Section on the une 9 9, Fig. 8. connectlon to anintake manifold (not shown). Fig. 10 is an expanded perspective View of ,thev Within outlet l2 1s a butterfiy valve I4 mounted yieldable connection between the throttle valve upon a' s haft Ma Operated by an arm '4b con' Shaft and pump Operating anu nected with the usual operating rod (not shown).

Fig. l1 is aperspective view showing a detail. An au' funnel l5 1S Placed m the 10W1' end 0f 45 As shown, my novel carburetor preferably com- Outlet '2 below the buttery Valve Sad funnel prises a easing made in two sections, the upper being removably secured by set screw I6. Upper section A containing the fuel inlet with needle Section A 3150 Carnes the end D late 27 0f the valve, also the cover plate of the float chamber, Casing below Outlet I2;` and the side port1ons 28 also containing u.the carburetor outlet and a por- 0f the upper SCCUOD Slant upwardly 210mg the line 50 tion of the mixing chamber of the carburetor. 29 (Fig. 3) from the IOWBI end 0f Plate 21 t0 The lowersection B in brief contains the float; meet the horizontal plane 30 of the lower face Chamber, accelerator pump, the high speed noz.. of the cover plate 6. End wall 21 andr sides 28 zle, and idling nozzle, and the lower section is reform part of the mixing chamber 1U (Fig. 2) in movably secured to the upper section by bolts I. which my novel mixer is mounted, the'remalning $6 portion of the mixing chamber being formed by the lower section B.

In upper section A, between fuel intake 3 and outlet I2, are mounted a pair of plungers I'I and I8 for operating the accelerating pump and the high speed compensator valve, respectively, said plungers being actuated by arms Ila and I8a mounted upon opposite ends of the butterfly Valve shaft I4a, as shown in Fig. 1. In the underside of upper section A are three cylindrical recesses 'I9, 29 and2l, for receiving the upper ends of the accelerator pump, high speed compensator Valve, and idling nozzles, respectively, which parts are carried by the lower section. Plunger I'I enters the upper end of recess I9, and plunger I8 enters the upper end of recess 20. Recess 2| for the idling nozzle is provided with an air intake port 25 opposite air funnel I5, and is also provided with a vertical extension 22 having lateral ports 23, 24, emptying into outlet I2 at opposite sides of the butterfly Valve I4 when in closed position. An idling regulator valve screw 26 is tapped into the upper port 24 for adjusting the idling speed of the engine.

The air intake for mixing chamber I9 is through a lateral branch 3I, of relatively large diameter, formed upon one side plate 28 of the upper section, -said branch 3I being provided with a butterfly valve 32 mounted upon a shaft 33. Valve 32 is normally maintained in open position by a spring 34 (Fig. 4) around shaft 33, and an arm 36 on shaft 33 operated by a control rod (not shown) permits adjustment of the valve. A guardvplate 31 is placed over the duct 3l to protect the entrance to the mixing chamber, preventingforeign matter being drawn thereinto.

Lower section B of the casing is provided with float chamber 1, also three vertical bores 38, 39 and 49 disposed in alignment with recesses I9, 20 and 2l, respectively of the upper section. The lower ends of bores 39 andI 40 discharge into a lateral duct 4I which feeds fuel directly into the base of a cylindrical member 45 forming part of the main fuel mixer disposed'in the mixing chamber I9 immediately below funnel I5, while the lower end of bore 38 discharges into a small duct 42 conducting fuel from the accelerator pump to a small jet 43 disposed beside and slightly below the mixer in the mixing chamber A port 44 (Fig. 2) in the side of the float chamber I permits fuel to ow directly from chamber 'I into the bore 39 around the high speed nozzle, from whence the fuel passes through duct 4I into the bore 49 around the idling nozzle; or through duct 4I directly into the base ofthe mixer in mixing-chamber 10. The normal level of fuel standing in the bores 39, 49 and in the mixer 45 is substantially the same as in float chamber 1.

Bore 39 is provided with internal threads at its upper end into which is threaded the highspeed nozzle assembly (Fig. 5) containing the high speed compensating Valve. This nozzle assembly comprises a tubular member 46 having exterior threads 46a adjagent its upper end for engagement with the threads in bore 39, and having a valve seat 4l adjacent its lower end, with perforations 46a in its side above the Valve seat 41. A plunger 48 extends down through the bore of member 46, and carries a valve 49 on its reduced lower end cooperating with seat 4l. A coil spring 59 around the plunger within the member 46 tends to normally maintain valve 49 closed against its seat. The upper end of the plunger 48 extends above the member 46 and is engaged directly by the plunger I8 carried by the upper section A. 'I'he lower portion of the member 46 is reduced in diameter to form a chamber between the member and the wall of bore 39 for holding fuel. The lower end of `the member 46 is internally threaded to receive a plug 5I having a conical lower end adapted to close the lower end of the bore 39, and plug having a nozzle 52 therein adapted to permit fuel flowing past valve 49 to pass into duct 4I. In the side of the plug 5I is a xed high speed jet 53 permitting fuel to flow from bore 39 into duct 4I, and to the idling nozzle and mixing chamber. The object of the nozzle 52 is to pass on the overflow of fuel from the bore 39, so the mixing chamber at higher engine speeds will receive the necessary quantity of fuel. As soon as additional fuel supply for high speeds is no more required valve 49 automatically closes with the operation of the gas throttle.

My high speed compensator valve 49 is depressed when the gas throttle of the engine is about one-third opened, and for this purpose the arm IBa for operating the high speed valve has a predetermined dwell I8b (Figs. 1 and 4) of any desired type in its connection with shaft I4a, whereby after the lever I4b is operated to open the butterfly valve I4 a predetermined amount, the high speed compensator valve will be opened by plunger I8 at the proper time. The particular construction of the dwell forms no-part of my present invention. l i

Idling nozzle (Fig. 6) is removably mounted in bore 40 in the lower section B and comprises a tubular member 55 exteriorly threaded as at 56 for engagement with threads in the upper end of bore 49. The lower end ofv member 55 is reduced as at 51 and a series of perforations 58 are provided therein whereby air which enters a port 49a in the side of mixing chamber 'I0 may enter the interior of member 55 and pass upwardly past the idling nozzle 59. Nozzle 59 is preferably of tubular form, 4provided with a cylindrical portion at its lower end snugly fitting within the lowerend of member 55. The lower end of the nozzle is closed by a threaded plug 59a containing the idling jet. The air entering port '49a passes down bore 49 and upwardly through perforations 58 past the idling nozzle 59, and the fuel mixture passes upwardly through the bore in member 55 into the outlet I2 through ports 25 opposite air funnel I5, or through ports 23 or 24.

The main fuel and air mixer (Fig. 7 comprises a tubular member 60 having an enlarged head 60a at its upper end provided with a flaring bore 6I disposed substantially opposite the air funnel I5. Member 60 extends down within the cylindrical base 45 and is externally threaded at its lower end for engaging threads 45a in the lower end of the base. Depending from the periphery of head 69a is an annular skirt 62 which extends downwardly substantialy half the height of member 69 and forms with the cylindrical base 45 a tortuous passage for air entering under the skirt 62 which air passes upwardly between the skirt 62 and base 45, over the top of the base, and downwardly between the base 45 and member 69, and inwardly through openings 63 in the side of member 60, and upwardly through the fuel standing in the base 45, past the nozzle 64. Nozzle S4 is formed at the upper end of a tubular member 95 makinga sliding t within the lower end of member 60, and having a conical lower end 65a. adapted to close the entrance from duct 4I when the mixer 60 is screwed into place. Air entertween head Sa of the mixer and the air funnel y l5, thereby insuring a thorough vaporization of the fuel.

In the bore 38 is housed the accelerating pump (Fig. 2), which consists of a plunger cap 88 closed at its upper end, adapted to slidably engage the walls of the bore. A coil spring 8| is interposed between the bore and the lower end of the bore for yieldably maintaining the cap in elevated position. y'I'he upper end of cap 80 is engaged by the plunger I1 carried by upper section A. A port 82 is provided in the float chamber 1 whereby fuel will enter the bore 38 and will stand therein at substantially the same height as in the float chamber; The lower end of the bore 38 communicates through duct 42 with the accelerating pump nozzle 43 in the mixing chamber 10, whereby when the pump is actuated a very fine stream of gasoline will be sprayed past the open throttle valve into the intake manifold, thereby increasing the richness of the mixture, for starting and quick acceleration, while permitting a very light mixture for ordinary operation. v

Accelerator pump 80 is operated by a pressure spring from the main gas throttle through arm Ha. The operating means for the plunger l1 comprises an arm I'la loosely mounted upon shaft I4a of the butterfly valve, beside a cap Ilb (Figs. 4, 10 and 11) xedly mounted on the shaft. Within cap Hb is a coil spring |1c around shaft |4a, one end of spring I'Ic being fixed in the cap and the other end being fixed in the arm Ha. Spring l'lc causes arm Ila to move as if keyed to shaft I 4a only when shaft I4a is rocked slowly, but when the shaft I4a is rocked at intermediate speeds, thehspring I'lc will yield and thereby move the plunger I1 slowly so that some only of the fuel in bore 38 will be forced by pump 88 through the jet, the remainder of the fuel in the bore 38 being returned to the float chamber; but when shaft |4a is rocked extremely quickly the spring Hc will absorb the pressure created by the inertia of the moving parts and then arm Ila will come to rest ina position relative to the travel of the shaft, and because of the internal` pressure in the cylinder and because of the smaller size of the outlet of nozzle 43 as compared to the return passage 83, less fuel by volume will be discharged through said nozzle 43 than at said intermediate speeds.

The tests made on automobiles prove a fuel saving of thirty to forty per cent, even on old models which have run fty thousand miles.

I claim:-

1. In a carburetor, a casing comprising upper and lower sections detachably connected, a float chamber, a mixing chamber having an outlet; a throttle valve in said outlet; a mixing nozzle in the mixing chamber; said lower section having a plurality of bores closed by the upper section; an idling nozzle in one bore; a high speed nozzle and compensator valve in the second bore; a

fuel 'duct connecting the float chamber, bores,l

member having perforations above the seat; and a plug closingl the lower end of the member havlng a nozzle extending therethrough for the passage of fuel when the valve is opened; and a xed high speed jet in the side of said plug discharging into the said nozzle.

2. In a carburetor, a casing comprising upper and lower sections detachably connected, the lower section including a float chamber, and said sections having complementary portions forming a mixing chamber having an outlet; a throttle valve in said outlet; a'mixing nozzle vin the mixing chamber carried by the lower section; said lower section having a plurality of bores closed by the upper section; a removable idling nozzle-in one bore; a high speed nozzle and compensator valve in the second bore; a fuel duct in the lo'wer section connecting the float chamber, bores, and the mixing nozzle; an accelerator pump in the third bore; the float chamber having a port supplying fuel to said third bore; an accelerator jet in the mixing chamber carried by the lower section; a second duct in the lower section connectber slidably entering the lower end thereof; and

a plug closing the lower end of the member and having a bore with a i'lxed jet therein.

3. In a carburetor, a casing comprising upper and lower sections detachably connected, the lower section including a float chamber, and said sections having complementary portions forming a mixing chamber having an outlet; a throttle valve in said outlet; a removable mixer in the' mixing chamber carried by the lower section; said lower section having a plurality of bores closed by the upper section; a removable idling nozzle in one bore; a high speed nozzle and compensator valve in the second bore; a fuel duct in .the lower section connecting the float chamber, bores, and the mixer; an accelerator pump in the third bore; the float chamber having a. port supplying fuel to said third bore; an accelerator jet in the mixing chamber carried by thelower section; a second duct in the lower section connecting the third bore and jet; means for actuating the compensator valve and accelerator pump by the throttle valve; said lower section having a cylindrical base within the mixing chamber; and said mixer comprising a tubular member adapted to fit within the base; an enlarged head on said tubular member having a flaring bore therethrough; and a skirt depending from the periphery of the head adapted to t over the upper portion of the base; a nozzle in the tubular member; and perforations in the walls 'of the tubular member below the nozzle.

4. In a carburetor, a casing comprising upper and lower sections detachably connected, the y lower sectionincluding a oat chamber; said sections having complementary portions forming a mixing chamber having an outlet; a throttle valve in said outlet; a removable mixer in the mixing chamber carried by the lower section; said secin the lower section; the float chamber having a port below the fuel level for supplying fuel to said third bore; an accelerator jet carried by the lower section adjacent the mixer; a second duct in the lower section connecting the third bore and jet; plungers in the bores of the upper section for actuating the high speed 'compensator valve and accelerator pump; and means on the upper section operated by the throttle valve for actuating said plungers, the oat, mixer, accelerating jet, idling nozzle, high speed nozzle and compensating valve, and accelerating pump being readily accessible when the sections are separated, said lower section having a cylindrical base for the mixer; and said mixer comprising a tubular member adapted to t within the base, an enlarged head on said tubular member, and a skirt depending from the periphery of the head adapted to fit over the upper portion of the/base, a nozzle in the tubular member, and perforations in the walls of the tubular member below the nozzle.

MAX SPRENGER.

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