US20090301318A1 - Automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction with functional elements allowing easier cleaning - Google Patents

Automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction with functional elements allowing easier cleaning Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090301318A1
US20090301318A1 US12/441,651 US44165107A US2009301318A1 US 20090301318 A1 US20090301318 A1 US 20090301318A1 US 44165107 A US44165107 A US 44165107A US 2009301318 A1 US2009301318 A1 US 2009301318A1
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Prior art keywords
juice extraction
drum
fruit
paddle
machine according
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Abandoned
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US12/441,651
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English (en)
Inventor
Salvatora Torrisi
Marcello Catalano
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AAT Agroindustry Advanced Technologies SpA
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AAT Agroindustry Advanced Technologies SpA
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Publication of US20090301318A1 publication Critical patent/US20090301318A1/en
Assigned to A.A.T. AGROINDUSTRY ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES S.P.A. reassignment A.A.T. AGROINDUSTRY ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES S.P.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CATALANO, MARCELLO, TORRISI, SALVATORE
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J19/00—Household machines for straining foodstuffs; Household implements for mashing or straining foodstuffs
    • A47J19/02—Citrus fruit squeezers; Other fruit juice extracting devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N1/00—Machines or apparatus for extracting juice
    • A23N1/003—Machines or apparatus for extracting juice especially for citrus fruits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction with functional elements allowing easier cleaning.
  • the aim of the present invention is to obviate the above-mentioned drawbacks of known devices, by providing an automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction with functional elements allowing easier cleaning which is extremely simple and can be disassembled easily and rapidly for periodic cleaning and for ordinary maintenance.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic machine with a structure which is simple, relatively easy to provide in practice, safe in use, effective in operation, and has a relatively low cost.
  • the present automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction with functional elements allowing easier cleaning, characterized in that it comprises a footing which comprises a motor assembly and is provided with quick-coupling means for a front juice extraction chamber, which is constituted by a sort of tank inside which an outer drum is fitted so that it can rotate, a juice extraction and filtration drum being fitted within said outer drum and actuated rotatably concordantly with said outer drum at a short distance from its internal surface, said juice extraction and filtration drum having a reduced diameter and a perforated surface, with an axis which is aligned with an eccentric hole of the bottom of the tank for the passage of the motor shaft, means being provided for pressing said outer drum elastically against the inner drum.
  • FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the transparent upper lid
  • FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the machine of FIG. 1 , with the upper lid in the removed configuration;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged-scale perspective view of the end of the chute of the transparent lid provided with a collar;
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the juice extraction chamber
  • FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of the juice extraction drum
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the supports of the outer drum
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged-scale perspective view of the cutting lid
  • FIG. 10 is a bottom perspective view of the machine body at the level of the mechanisms for actuating the juice extraction drum;
  • FIG. 11 is a rear view of the machine, with the gearmotor and the electrical system removed;
  • FIG. 12 is a general perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the machine according to the invention in the operating configuration
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 12 in the configuration for removing the juice extraction tank;
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 12 of the machine, with the lower part shown in an exploded view;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of the assembly for cutting oranges into two halves
  • FIGS. 16 a - 16 h are schematic plan views of the subsequent steps of the components of the cutting assembly of FIG. 15 .
  • the reference numeral 1 generally designates an automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction with functional elements allowing easier cleaning, according to the invention.
  • the machine 1 comprises a fixed supporting machine body or footing 2 which is box-shaped, is advantageously made of a material such as food-compatible plastics, and in which in a rear position there is a compartment 3 for a gearmotor assembly which has advantageously a transmissior shaft 4 which is inclined slightly forward with respect to the vertical: the compartment for containing the driving motor and the electrical/electronic equipment is provided with engagement teeth for engagement elements which can be actuated manually and are associated with a closure lid.
  • a large cutout 5 is open on the lower front part of the machine body 2 , and a large tray 6 for collecting the juiced peels is mounted therein so that it can slide at the front, said tray having a profile of the front wall which blends with the profile of the front wall of the machine body 2 , and having, on the base of the front wall, an extraction handle 7 which is provided by means of a recess within said wall: at the rear, the tray 6 can have a grip handle 7 a to facilitate its transport once it has been extracted.
  • a juice extraction chamber is accommodated which comprises a tank 8 whose bottom is affected by a lateral opening 10 to allow the peels to fall.
  • a contoured transparent lid 11 with rounded corners is articulated by means of four centering pins along an upper lateral edge of the machine body, and a chute 12 having a substantially semicircular cross-section is provided therein for a row of fruits F 1 , F 2 , . . . FN and is slightly inclined downward; such chute has an inlet at the front and ends at the rear at a descent duct 13 for the subsequent fall of the individual fruits when they reach the position of the fruit Fl; in an upper region, the chute 12 can be protected by a cage 12 a.
  • Safety microswitches are arranged at the lower edge of the lid and are designed to stop the machine immediately if the transparent upper lid opens accidentally, both from the front side and from the rear side.
  • paddle-type pushers 14 a, 14 b which oscillate about vertical axes and are associated with means for rotary actuation in mutually opposite directions, which are adapted to move the pushers from a retracted configuration, which allows the fruit to be cut into two halves to fall into the descent duct, to a forward position, in which the top of the descent duct is blocked to prevent the descent of another fruit while the front faces of the pushers push simultaneously against the fruit and press it against a substantially vertical cutting blade 15 whose cutting edge is directed backward, said blade being centered between the pushers 14 a, 14 b which cut the fruit into two halves.
  • the blade 15 is extended by two contoured partitions 16 a, 16 b, which delimit two underlying symmetrical slots 17 a, 17 b.
  • the blade 15 is co-molded with a support 15 b made of materials such as plastics, which in turn is mounted so that it can slide on an appropriately provided female dovetail guide provided on a cutting lid 18 , and is fastened in the operating position by means of an upper knob 19 of a male threaded stem which mates with a threaded female metal insert which is fitted on the cutting lid.
  • the cutting lid is locked in the active position by means of two bolts 18 a, 18 b, which engage within respective slots formed in the inner side walls of the machine body, thus ensuring that the cutting lid cannot be lifted accidentally.
  • the bolts are retracted from the locking position by way of the manual rotation of an actuation knob 18 c, which is keyed onto the pivot provided at the center of the cutting lid.
  • the actuation knob of a type substantially known as cremone bolt, has in its lower part two pivots which are mounted so that they can slide within corresponding slots provided in the bolts.
  • the rotation, performed manually, of the knob produces the simultaneous advancement or retraction of the two bolts, depending on the direction in which the knob is turned.
  • the knob 18 c after being turned so as to keep the bolts in the locking position, cannot accidentally move backward thanks to the presence of a suitable snap-acting elastic retention system.
  • the knob is provided with an arm, below which a safety sensor is fitted such that, if said knob is turned so as to release the bolts, the citrus fruit juice extraction machine cannot start.
  • a juice extraction assembly operates within the juice extraction chamber 8 and comprises a juice extraction and filtering drum 20 , the lateral surface of which is perforated, or rather provided with fine perforations, in that it has a plurality of holes suitable for the passage of the extracted juice and to retain the solid or semisolid components of the fruits.
  • the drum 20 is coupled by way of quick-coupling means to the juice extraction shaft 20 a, which is actuated and supported so that it can rotate on the base of the chamber 8 .
  • the juice extraction assembly provided within the juice extraction chamber comprises an additional drum 23 whose axis is slightly inclined with respect to the vertical and is supported so that it can rotate eccentrically outside the first drum 20 by two pairs of cylindrical supports, a lower one 24 a, 24 b and an upper one 25 a, 25 b, which are made advantageously of a material such as rubber or plastics with elastomer characteristics: the supports 24 a, 25 a and 24 b, 25 b are mounted so that they can rotate freely on respective shafts 26 , 27 which are mutually spaced.
  • the drum 23 is subject to an adequate pressure in the direction of the arrow A applied by the elastic annular cylindrical supports which constitute the means for the elastic compression of the outer drum against the inner drum.
  • the action applied by the annular supports is adapted to press the inner surface of the drum 23 against the outer surface of the drum 20 at a juice extraction region which is located in the front region of the machine.
  • the supports 24 a, 24 b, 25 a, 25 b are designed to transmit the pressure and to keep the drum 23 guided.
  • the drums 20 and 23 are mutually associated kinenatically so as to rotate in the same direction with substantially identical targential speeds, at the directrix of contact: in this regard, respective radial sets of teeth, an outer set 28 , which acts as a driving pinion, and an inner radial set 29 , which acts as a driven pinion, are fixed to the upper edges of the drums 20 and 23 .
  • the cut fruit halves pass through the slots 17 a, 17 b and rest with their cut faces against the surface of the inner drum: the simultaneous and matching rotation of the drums in the direction of the arrows S subsequently causes the fruit halves to pass through the gap that remains between the outer drum and the inner drum: said gap is variable, in that the outer drum can move slightly away from the inner drum by way of the deformation that the cylindrical supports made of a material with elastomer characteristics (rubber or the like) can undergo and also by way of the radial relative sliding of the teeth of the sets of teeth 28 , 29 .
  • the slots 17 a, 17 b are adapted to allow the two halves of the cut fruit to fall within the accessible volume formed between the drums 20 and 23 , which precedes the juice extraction region.
  • the peels left over from the two juiced fruit halves are expelled by gravity through an arc-like trapdoor which is provided so that it passes through the bottom of the tank and coincides with the corresponding opening 10 of the base of the chamber 9 .
  • the base of the chamber 9 is not perfectly horizontal but has a suitable slope which is adapted to convey the juice by gravity toward the front regions of the machine, or at the channel-spout 32 for dispensing the extracted juice.
  • the machine has two different fruit feed systems, to be used depending on their dimensions, after calibration.
  • the generic fruit for example an orange, is fed into the machine according to the invention through the chute 13 , the outlet of which is adjacent to the blade 15 .
  • a collar 13 a is optionally fitted at the descent duct for dropping the fruits onto the chute and has such an outside diameter as to mate with the fall hole provided within the chute and an inside diameter which does not allow the passage of oranges whose diameter exceeds a preset range.
  • paddle-type pushers 14 a, 14 b which are substantially shaped like circular sectors whose height, with respect to the ideal fruit resting plane, is such as to not exceed the minimum possible height for oranges of this range, and which also have a radius of curvature which does not allow the passage, beyond a slight play, of oranges whose diameter exceeds the 60-70 mm range.
  • the collar 13 a is removed and the oranges pass directly through the hole provided at the end of the chute, said hole having such a diameter as to not allow the passage of oranges whose diameter exceeds said range.
  • the two paddle-type pushers which oscillate about vertical axes, are adapted to perform an alternating oscillating motion by way of a crank system which draws its motion from an eccentric element 33 which is rigidly coupled to the pinion 21 b, a linkage 34 being particulated to said eccentric element and ending with a terminal joint 35 of a rod 36 which is pivoted to a vertical stem 37 onto which the paddle-type pusher 14 b is keyed.
  • the paddle-type pusher 14 a is keyed to a vertical stem 38 , which is symmetrical to the stem 37 on a sectional plane which is central with respect to the machine: accordingly, two respective coplanar radial arms are mated on the elongated stem 37 and on the upper short stem 38 , are oriented along parallel directions with opposite orientations, and have free ends pivoted to the ends of an upper linkage 34 b, which intersects the line that connects the stems 37 and 38 so as to transmit to the stem 38 opposite and identical rotations with respect to the rotations of the stem 37 .
  • the two paddle-type pushers oscillate with mutually opposite rotary synchronous motions about their own rotation axes, which are perpendicular to the bottom of the tank: synchronously, the two pushers oscillate and turn toward the rear part of the machine and allow the fruit to fall in the position in front of the edge of the blade, when the passage section obstructed previously by the upper planes of the two oscillating paddle-type pushers, opens completely.
  • Extraction of the juice extraction chamber 8 together with all the components contained therein is made easy by two handles 39 , 40 , which extend vertically and are fitted so that they can slide vertically at the front and rear with respect to said chamber by using, for each handle, a pair of female threaded studs, which are fixed to the chamber by means of screws 41 , 42 which pass through respective vertical slots 43 of the handles.
  • the handles are made to slide upward manually and move from a retracted inactive position to a grip position which protrudes upward from the tank.
  • An arc-like handle 42 is articulated to the upper end face of the drum 20 and facilitates grip for removing the drum for cleaning.
  • the juice extraction machine according to the invention is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations.
  • the machine body has at the rear, for some components of the machine, a box-like container 43 which rises from a platform 44 for supporting a juice extraction chamber 45 , the base of which has a perimetric recess 46 which interlocks within an edge 47 of the platform.
  • a flat upper housing 48 is superimposed on the box-like container and is mounted so that it can slide vertically along two lateral column-like guides 49 a, 49 b and can be positioned manually from a lowered configuration (see FIG. 12 ) for juice extraction and for cutting the oranges into two halves to a raised configuration (see FIG. 13 ) for removing and picking up the juice extraction chamber 45 .
  • the housing 48 contains an assembly 50 for cutting in half each individual fruit, the actuation motor assembly arranged in the front region, designated by the reference letter M, and the mechanical connections of the motor to the internal juice extraction drum and to the cutting assembly.
  • the motor assembly is accommodated within the housing 48 , which is located in the uppermost region of the machine body in a substantially forward position and has in output a toothed pinion 51 , which when the housing is lowered meshes directly with the sprocket 28 which is rigidly coupled to the inner juice extraction drum 20 .
  • a sprocket 52 for actuating the cutting assembly is also mounted within the housing and is engaged by a pinion which is actuated by said motor and can be the initial portion of the pinion 51 or can have a different axis.
  • the paddle-type pushers 53 a, 53 b, along the three sides, the rear one 54 , the lateral one 55 and the front one 56 , are arranged substantially along the sides of a rectangle, while the other side 57 which acts on the fruit to be cut forms substantially a sinusoid or rather a reverse curve.
  • a horizontal frame 58 which is substantially square and is mounted and guided so that it can slide in a forward direction within the housing along lateral guiding tracks or by means of slotted lateral rollers.
  • the rear side 59 of the square frame has a transverse slot 60 in which two respective pins 61 mate mirror-symmetrically, said pins protruding from corresponding arms 62 which are radially rigidly coupled to the paddle-type pushers: the forward and backward motion of the frame between a rear stroke limit and a front stroke limit causes a complete back-and-forth oscillation of the paddle-type pushers (see the sequence of FIGS. 16 a - 16 h ).
  • the front side 63 of the square frame is provided centrally with a transverse slot 64 in which an eccentric pin 65 of the sprocket 52 for actuating the cutting assembly is fitted so that it can slide; the rotation through 360° of said sprocket produces the advancement and then the complete retraction of the frame by an extent which is twice as long as the eccentricity of the pin 65 and corresponds to the complete cycle for cutting into two halves an orange and for returning to the configuration for the descent of the next fruit.
  • a tray 66 for collecting the peels has, in a front position, an opening 67 which has at its base means 68 for pivoting about a substantially horizontal and transverse axis for a tilt-down flap 69 which is provided perimetrically with a relief edge 70 which forms a tray 71 for supporting a cup for collecting the extracted juice.
  • a fixed vertical column 72 rises from the bottom of the removable tank 45 and a free shaft 73 is mounted on said column so that it can rotate with the interposition of rolling ball bearings; the outer extraction cylinder can be fitted onto the free shaft 73 .
  • the inner drum 20 has, in an upper region, a rigidly coupled sprocket 28 with an outer set of teeth which meshes with the sprocket with an inner set of teeth 29 of the external extraction drum 23 , said drum being kept in axial alignment by the pairs of lower and upper elastic cylindrical supports 24 a, 24 b and 25 a, 25 b, which are mounted so that they can rotate freely in a front central position of the juice extraction tank 45 .
US12/441,651 2006-09-19 2007-09-19 Automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction with functional elements allowing easier cleaning Abandoned US20090301318A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000640A ITBO20060640A1 (it) 2006-09-19 2006-09-19 Macchina automatica per la spremitura di agrumi con organi operativi di pulizia agevolata.
ITBO2006A000640 2006-09-19
PCT/IT2007/000650 WO2008035388A1 (en) 2006-09-19 2007-09-19 Automatic machine for citrus fruit juice extraction with functional elements allowing easier cleaning

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US (1) US20090301318A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP2079325A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2010503419A (ja)
CN (1) CN101516215B (ja)
AU (1) AU2007298467A1 (ja)
BR (1) BRPI0717050A2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2663950A1 (ja)
IL (1) IL197679A0 (ja)
IT (1) ITBO20060640A1 (ja)
MX (1) MX2009002904A (ja)
RU (1) RU2009114725A (ja)
WO (1) WO2008035388A1 (ja)

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US20120177790A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2012-07-12 Carrier Commercial Refrigeration, Inc. Method and apparatus for preparing food, particularly fruit
US20140305224A1 (en) * 2013-04-16 2014-10-16 Wistron Corporation Multi-touch testing system and fixture thereof
US20160183708A1 (en) * 2013-08-02 2016-06-30 A.A.T. Agroindustry Advanced Technologies S.P.A. Juicing device for agricultural products such as citrus fruits and the like
US9556916B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-01-31 Whirlpool Corporation High performance adjustable juicer with whole foods feed chute and clutch mechanism
US20170042210A1 (en) * 2014-04-22 2017-02-16 Carlos Neto Mendes Improvements to a juice extraction machine
US9675101B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-06-13 Whirlpool Corporation High performance adjustable juicer with whole foods feed chute
US9763471B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2017-09-19 Goodnature Products, Inc. Method for multi-stage cutting and juice pressing
US10827776B2 (en) * 2015-12-31 2020-11-10 Chom Tu I Kim High-capacity juice extractor
CN113017098A (zh) * 2021-04-07 2021-06-25 胡莉萍 一种农场主用水果肉汁过滤分离设备
US11234550B2 (en) * 2016-07-06 2022-02-01 Guangdong Midea Consumer Electrics Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Squeezing threaded rod, squeezing component, and food processor

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IT1401216B1 (it) 2010-07-14 2013-07-12 A A T Agroindustry Advanced Technologies S P A Distributore automatico per succhi estratti da frutta fresca.
CN103405133A (zh) * 2013-08-22 2013-11-27 南通果得食品机械制造有限公司 橙类榨汁机专用挤压装置
CN103405136A (zh) * 2013-08-22 2013-11-27 南通果得食品机械制造有限公司 一种橙类榨汁机
CN103405130A (zh) * 2013-08-22 2013-11-27 南通果得食品机械制造有限公司 一种橙类榨汁机前部结构
CN103405131A (zh) * 2013-08-22 2013-11-27 南通果得食品机械制造有限公司 一种橙类榨汁机中部结构
CN103405135A (zh) * 2013-08-22 2013-11-27 南通果得食品机械制造有限公司 一种橙类榨汁机的切割装置
CN103405132A (zh) * 2013-08-22 2013-11-27 南通果得食品机械制造有限公司 鲜橙类榨汁机专用滤液装置
CN104367166B (zh) * 2014-12-12 2017-02-22 青岛橡胶谷知识产权有限公司 一种杯盖机构
ES2643766B1 (es) * 2016-05-23 2018-10-23 Zumex Group, S.A. Soporte tipo sandwich para grupo de exprimido y máquina que incorpora dicho soporte
CN106820931B (zh) * 2016-12-28 2018-08-28 王珊 一种鲜橙自动榨汁机
CR20190407A (es) * 2017-03-03 2019-11-12 Brown Int Corporation Llc Sistema transportador y de lavado superior para extractor de aceite de citricos
CN107752711B (zh) * 2017-11-02 2023-08-01 湖南尔德康明智造电器有限公司 一种榨汁机

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US11553811B2 (en) 2011-01-07 2023-01-17 Taylor Commercial Foodservice, Llc Method and apparatus for preparing food, particularly fruit
US20120177790A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2012-07-12 Carrier Commercial Refrigeration, Inc. Method and apparatus for preparing food, particularly fruit
US11910946B2 (en) 2011-01-07 2024-02-27 Taylor Commercial Foodservice, Llc Method and apparatus for preparing food, particularly fruit
JP2017221199A (ja) * 2011-01-07 2017-12-21 キャリア・コマーシャル・リフリージレーション・インコーポレーテッド 果物１単位を調整する方法
US10010209B2 (en) * 2011-01-07 2018-07-03 Carrier Commerical Refrigeration, Inc. Apparatus for preparing food, particularly fruit
US9556916B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-01-31 Whirlpool Corporation High performance adjustable juicer with whole foods feed chute and clutch mechanism
US9675101B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-06-13 Whirlpool Corporation High performance adjustable juicer with whole foods feed chute
US20140305224A1 (en) * 2013-04-16 2014-10-16 Wistron Corporation Multi-touch testing system and fixture thereof
US20160183708A1 (en) * 2013-08-02 2016-06-30 A.A.T. Agroindustry Advanced Technologies S.P.A. Juicing device for agricultural products such as citrus fruits and the like
US10098492B2 (en) * 2013-08-02 2018-10-16 A.A.T. Agroindustry Advanced Technologies S.P.A. Juicing device for agricultural products such as citrus fruits and the like
US20170042210A1 (en) * 2014-04-22 2017-02-16 Carlos Neto Mendes Improvements to a juice extraction machine
US10729165B2 (en) * 2014-04-22 2020-08-04 Carlos Neto Mendes Juice extraction machine
US11800888B2 (en) * 2014-04-22 2023-10-31 Carlos Mendes Juice extraction machine
US10701958B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2020-07-07 Goodnature Products, Inc. Apparatus for multi-stage cutting and juice pressing
US9763471B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2017-09-19 Goodnature Products, Inc. Method for multi-stage cutting and juice pressing
US10827776B2 (en) * 2015-12-31 2020-11-10 Chom Tu I Kim High-capacity juice extractor
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CN113017098A (zh) * 2021-04-07 2021-06-25 胡莉萍 一种农场主用水果肉汁过滤分离设备

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CN101516215B (zh) 2012-06-27
MX2009002904A (es) 2009-05-28
RU2009114725A (ru) 2010-10-27
WO2008035388A1 (en) 2008-03-27
IL197679A0 (en) 2009-12-24
BRPI0717050A2 (pt) 2013-10-15
CA2663950A1 (en) 2008-03-27
ITBO20060640A1 (it) 2008-03-20
JP2010503419A (ja) 2010-02-04
AU2007298467A1 (en) 2008-03-27
CN101516215A (zh) 2009-08-26
EP2079325A1 (en) 2009-07-22

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