US20090172833A1 - Nucleic Acid Molecules and Other Molecules Associated with Transcription in Plants - Google Patents

Nucleic Acid Molecules and Other Molecules Associated with Transcription in Plants Download PDF

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US20090172833A1
US20090172833A1 US12/273,366 US27336608A US2009172833A1 US 20090172833 A1 US20090172833 A1 US 20090172833A1 US 27336608 A US27336608 A US 27336608A US 2009172833 A1 US2009172833 A1 US 2009172833A1
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Timothy W. Conner
Gregory R. Heck
Jingdong Liu
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
    • C12N15/52—Genes encoding for enzymes or proenzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
    • C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
    • C12N15/8242—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
    • C12N15/8243—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine
    • C12N15/8245—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine involving modified carbohydrate or sugar alcohol metabolism, e.g. starch biosynthesis

Definitions

  • sequenceListing.txt 1,929,753 bytes in size (measured in MS-DOS), and which was created on Nov. 18, 2008, are herein incorporated by reference.
  • the present invention is in the field of plant biochemistry. More specifically the invention relates to nucleic acid sequences from plant cells, in particular, nucleic acid sequences from maize and soybean plants and Arabidopsis thaliana associated with transcription in plants.
  • the invention encompasses nucleic acid molecules that encode proteins and fragments of proteins.
  • the invention also encompasses proteins and fragments of proteins so encoded and antibodies capable of binding these proteins or fragments.
  • the invention also relates to methods of using the nucleic acid molecules, proteins and fragments of proteins and antibodies, for example for genome mapping, gene identification and analysis, plant breeding, preparation of constructs for use in plant gene expression and transgenic plants.
  • RNA polymerase I is located in the nucleolus and catalyzes the synthesis of ribosomal RNA.
  • RNA polymerase II and III are present in the nucleoplasm. DNA dependent RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase III transcription complexes is responsible for the transcription of the genes that encode small nuclear RNAs and transfer RNA.
  • RNA polymerase II transcribes the majority of the nuclear structural genes which typically encode proteins (type II genes).
  • a typical type II gene has one or more regulatory regions which include a promoter and one or more structural regions which is transcribed into precursor and messenger RNA.
  • Type II genes are characterized by an upstream promoter region. Such regions are typically found between the start of transcription and 2000 bases distal to that transcriptional start site. Different combinations of sequence motifs can be associated with the upstream promoter region. These sequence motifs are recognized by sequence specific DNA binding proteins (transcription factors).
  • polypeptide chains of transcription factors are usually divided into two functionally different regions, one that specifically binds to nucleic acid molecules and another that is associated with the activation of transcription. These functions are often present on different domains.
  • DNA binding domains which allow the transcription factor to bind to DNA in a sequence specific manner have been identified (Branden and Tooze, Introduction to Protein Structure , Garland Publishing, Inc., New York (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). These binding domains often range in size from approximately 20 residues to more than 80 residues. Many DNA binding domain exhibit one or another of the following structural motifs: the helix-turn-helix motif, the zinc finger motif, and the leucine zipper motif. Other structural motifs include: the helix-loop-helix motif, the pou motif and the multi-cysteine zinc finger.
  • TATA box binding protein or TFIID factor has been identified that binds to this region (Hancock, Nucleic Acid Research 21: 2823-2830 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gasch et al., Nature 346: 390-394 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) (the TFIID factor is also referred to as the TBP/TAF factors).
  • CAAT box sequence In addition to the TATA box sequence, a CAAT box sequence is usually located approximately 75 bases upstream of the start of transcription.
  • a CAAT box sequence binds a number of proteins, some of which are expressed in all tissues while others are expressed in a tissue specific manner (Branden and Tooze, Introduction to Protein Structure , Garland Publishing, Inc., New York (1990).
  • CAAT box binding protein is the protein referred to as the CAAT box binding protein (C/EBP).
  • the G-box is a cis-acting element found within the promoters of many plant genes where it mediates expression in response to a variety of different stimuli (Schindler et al., EMBO J. 11:1275-1289 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the G-box comprises a palindromic DNA motif (CACGTG) which is composed of two identical half sites (Donald et al., EMBO J. 9:1727-1735 (1990); Izawa et al., J. Mol. Biol. 230:1131-1144 (1993) Schindler et al., Plant Cell 4:1309-1319 (1992); Schindler et al., EMBO J.
  • Plant bZIP proteins have been shown to bind regulatory elements from a wide variety of inducible plant genes including those regulated by cell cycle, light, UV light, drought and pathogen infections (Ehrlich et al., Gene 117: 169-178 (1992), Donald et al., EMBO J. 9:1727-1735 (1990); Guiltinan et al., Science 250:267-271 (1990); Katagiri et al., Nature 340:727-730 (1989); Oeda et al., EMBO J. 10: 1793-1991 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Tabata et al., EMBO J.
  • Specific transcription factors contribute to the quantitative and qualitative gene expression within a cell.
  • the activity of a given transcription factors can effect cell physiology, metabolism, and/or the cell's ability to differentiate and communicate or associate with other cells within an organism.
  • the regulation of the transcription of a gene may be the result of the activity of one or more transcription factors. Transcription factors are involved in the regulation of constitutive expression, inducible expression (such as expression in response to an environmental stimuli), and developmentally regulated expression.
  • MADS-box transcription factors have been shown to bind to DNA and alter transcription by both induction and repression. Examples are known where MADS-box transcription factors exert their transcriptional regulation by binding and interacting individually, as homodimers or heterodimers, or through heterologous associations with non-MADS-box transcription factors. However, MADS transcription factors typically form dimers (Riechmann and Meyerowitz, Bio. Chem. 378: 1079-1101 (1997).
  • MADS box transcription factors are defined by the signature MADS domain which is the most highly conserved portion of the protein among all the family members. In plants, additional domains (the I region, K-domain, and C-terminal region, in linear order) have been reported which are characteristic of the plant specific branch of this family.
  • the MADS domain is an approximately 57 amino acid domain located at or near the N-terminal portion of the MADS-box transcription factor (with approximately 260 amino acids in the total protein). This domain is highly conserved and is the most uniquely defining element of the family. For example, two homologues, APETALA1 from Arabidopsis and ZAP1 from Zea mays , show 89% identity over MADS domain. Conservation of this domain may be linked to its function as the portion of the protein that directly interacts with the target DNA binding site. The MADS domain is responsible for specifically binding DNA at A-T rich sequences referred to as CArG-boxes, whose consensus sequence has been reported as CC(A/T) 6 GG (Shore and Sharrocks, Eur. J. Biochem. 229: 1-13 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the I domain spans approximately 30 amino acid sequence of poor sequence conservation compared to the MADS-domain.
  • the intervening-region links the MADS domain region with the K-domain. Its length and sequence is variable and may be absent from some family members.
  • the K domain is an approximately 70 amino acid domain that is unique to the plant family members of the MADS-box gene superfamily. It is found in the majority of plant MADS-box genes. It has weak similarity to portions of animal keratin and is predicted to form amphipathic alpha helices which may facilitate interaction with other proteins. It has been reported that the structural conformation of this domain is a contributing constraint on conservation of this sequence.
  • the K-domain typically exhibits less overall amino acid conservation than the MADS-domain, but between homologue genes such as APETALA1 from Arabidopsis and ZAP1 from Zea mays , this similarity can still be high (approximately 70%).
  • the C terminal domain is the least conserved portions of the MADS-box gene family member in plants. Although exact functions for this approximately 90-100 amino acid domain have not been determined, there are known mutations within this region that lead to distinct developmental abnormalities in plants which indicate a role in transcriptional regulation. Conservation of this domain increases with increasing evolutionary closeness of species and homologues under comparison.
  • MADS transcription factors belonging to the MADS transcription factor family regulate diverse functions (Riechmann and Meyerowitz, Bio. Chem. 378: 1079-1101 (1997).
  • MADS transcription factors often exert their effect in a homeotic manner (e.g. loss of AG activity (a MADS transcription factor) in Arabidopsis homeotically transforms the third and fourth whorl organs and eliminates floral determinacy) (Mena et al., Science 274: 1537-1540 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • MADS transcription factors can regulate different processes. For example, the role of certain MADS transcription factors in floral development is reviewed in Riechmann and Meyerowitz, Bio. Chem. 378: 1079-1101 (1997).
  • MADS transcription factors are also involved in the regulation of other plant processes such as phytochrome regulation (Wang et al., Plant Cell 9: 491-507 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and seed development (Colombo et al., Plant Cell 9: 703-715 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • MYB transcription factors Another family of transcription factors found in plants are MYB transcription factors.
  • MYB transcription factors generally contain three repeats (R1, R2 and R3).
  • the MYB DNA binding domain of plant proteins usually consists of two imperfect repeats of about 50 residues (Baranowskij et al., EMBO J. 13: 5383-5392 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • MYB transcription factors exhibit a helix-turn-helix motif (Ogata et al., Cell 79: 639-648 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the DNA binding specificity of plant MYB proteins differs.
  • the maize P protein recognizes the motif [C/A]TCC[T/A]ACC similar to that bound by AmMYB305 from Antirhinum, and neither of these proteins appears to bind to the similar vertebrate MYB consensus motif (TAACNG) (Grotewold et al., Cell 76: 543-553 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Solano et al., EMBO J. 14: 1773-1784 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Small changes in the amino acid sequence of a MYB transcription factor can alter the DNA binding properties of that transcription factor.
  • TAACNG vertebrate MYB consensus motif
  • PMYB3 from Petunia binds to two sequences, MBSI (TAAC[C/G] GTT) and MBSII (TAACTAAG) (Solano et al., EMBO J. 14: 1773-1784 (1995)).
  • MBSI TAAC[C/G] GTT
  • MBSII TAACTAAG
  • temporal patterns of accumulation of RNA of different plant MYB genes may be effected by environmental stimuli, such as light, salt stress or the plant hormones, gibberellic acid and abscisic acid (Urao et al., Plant Cell 5: 1529-1539 (1993); Jackson et al., Plant Cell 3: 115-125 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Cone et al., Plant Cell 5: 1795-1805 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Noda et al., Nature 369: 661-664 (1994); Larkin et al., Plant Cell 5: 1739-1748 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gubler et al., Plant Cell 7: 1879-1891 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Hattari et al., Genes Dev. 6: 609-618 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Phenylpropanoid metabolism is one of the three main types of secondary metabolism in plants involving modification of compounds derived initially from phenylalanine. Through one branch (flavonoid metabolism) it is responsible for the production of a majority group of plant pigments (the anthocyanins) and other minor groups (aurones and phlobaphenes) and it also produces compounds that modify pigmentation through chemical interaction with the anthocyanins (co-pigmentation), such as the flavones and flavonols.
  • Flavones and flavonols also serve to absorb ultraviolet light to protect plants.
  • flavanoids act as signalling molecules in legumes inducing gene expression in symbiotic bacteria in a species-specific manner, and others act as factors required for pollen maturation and pollen germination in some plant species.
  • a number of flavanoids and related phenylpropanoids also act as defensive agents (phytoallexins) against biotic and abiotic stresses in particular plant species.
  • Another branch of phenylpropanoid metabolism produces the precursors for production of lignin, the strengthening and waterproofing material of plant vascular tissue and one of the principal components of wood. This branch also produces other soluble phenolics, which can serve as signalling molecules, cell-wall crosslinking agents and antioxidants.
  • the C1 transcription factor activates transcription of genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the anthocyanin pigments in the outer layer of cells of the maize seed endosperm (the aleurone) (Paz-Ares et al., EMBO J. 5: 829-833 (1986) Cone et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 83: 9631-9635 (1986), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). Activation has been reported for at least five genes in the pathway to anthocyanin.
  • Activation by C1 involves a partner transcriptional activator found in aleurone, a protein similar to a MYB transcription factor. These proteins also interact with other members of the R-protein family to regulate anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression (Cone et al., Plant Cell 5: 1795-1805 (1993)).
  • another MYB protein, ZmMYB1 can activate one of the structural genes required for anthocyanin production (Franken et al., Plant J. 6: 21-30 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), while yet another, ZmMYB38, inhibits C1-mediated activation of the same promoter.
  • MYB-gene function reportedly occurs in the control of a branch of flavonoid metabolism producing the red phlobaphene pigments from intermediates in flavonoid metabolism.
  • This pathway is under control of the P gene in maize, which encodes a MYB-related protein (Grotewold et al., Cell 76: 543-553 (1994)).
  • the P gene product activates a subset of the genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis.
  • the P-binding site is contained within the promoters of these target genes (Li and Parish, Plant J. 8: 963-972 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • at least two different MYB proteins serve to direct flavonoid metabolism along different routes by selective activation of target genes.
  • MYB proteins can serve similar roles in the control of phenylpropanoid metabolism as, for example, in Petunia flowers. MYB proteins can also serve to regulate other branches of phenylpropanoid metabolism.
  • Antirrhinum majus and tobacco AmMYB305 can activate the gene encoding the first enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL (Urao et al., Plant Cell 5: 1529-1539 (1993)).
  • MYB genes have been shown to be highly expressed in tissues such as differentiating xylem and may act to influence the branch of phenylpropanoid metabolism involved in lignin production (Campbell et al., Plant Physiol. 108 (Suppl.), 28 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • MYB genes A second reported role for plant MYB genes is in the control of cell shape.
  • the MIXTA gene of Antirrhinum and the homologue PhMYB1 gene from Petunia have been shown to play a role in the development of the conical form of petal epidermal cells and the GL1 gene of Arabidopsis has been shown to be essential for the differentiation of hair cells (trichomes) in some parts of the leaf and in the stem (Noda et al., Nature 369: 661-664 (1994); Oppenheimer et al., Cell 67: 483-493 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Mur, PhD Thesis, Vrije Univ. of Amsterdam (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Overexpression of MIXTA in transgenic tobacco results in trichome formation on pedals, suggesting that conical petal cells might be ‘trichoblasts’ arrested at an early stage in trichome formation.
  • GLI of Arabidopsis is associated with the expansion in the size of the cell that develops into the trichome, and it acts upstream of a number of other genes (Huilskamp et al., Cell 76: 555-566 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). GLI mutants can exhibit cellular outgrowths that do not develop into full branched trichomes.
  • GL2 of Arabidopsis encodes a homeodomain protein that is associated with chome development (Rerie et al., Genes Dev. 8: 1388-1399 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the GL2 gene promoter contains motifs very similar to the binding sites of P and AmMYB305 transcription factors (Rerie et al., Genes Dev. 8: 1388-1399 (1994)).
  • the conical cells produced by the action of the MIXTA gene of Antirrhinum resemble the limited outgrowths produced in Arabidopsis g12 mutants where trichome formation is aborted.
  • GL1 interacts with the product of the TTG gene, which is required for trichome formation and anthocyanin production (Lloyd et al., Science 258: 1773-1775 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • TTG gene product is also a R-related protein that interacts with GL1 in a matter analogous to the interaction of C1 and R in maize (Lloyd et al., Science 258: 1773-1775 (1992)).
  • a further reported role for plant MYB proteins is in hormonal responses during seed development and germination.
  • a barley MYB protein (GAMY) whose expression is induced by gibberellic acid (GA) has been shown to activate expression of a gene encoding a high pI ⁇ -amylase that is synthesized in barley aleurone upon germination for the mobilization of starch in the endosperm (Larkin et al., Plant Cell 5: 1739-1748 (1993).
  • Expression of GAMYB is induced by treatment of aleurone layers with GA and expression of the ⁇ -amylase gene is induced subsequently.
  • AtMYB2 Treatment with another plant hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), induces expression of AtMYB2 in Arabidopsis , a MYB gene that is also induced in response to dehydration or salt stress (Shinozaki et al., Plant Mol. 19: 439-499 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • ABA abscisic acid
  • C1 gene In maize, expression of the C1 gene is also ABA-responsive, where it is involved in the formation of anthocyanin in the developing kernels (Larkin et al., Plant Cell 5: 1739-1748 (1993)).
  • the rd22 gene promoter contains MYC-recognition sequences suggesting that AtMYB2 can interact with a bHLH protein to induce gene transcription in response to dehydration or salt stress (Iwasaki et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 247: 391-398 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Plant transcription factors that fall within the helix-loop-helix class of transcription factors have been reported. These include the transcription factor encoded by the Zea mays R and B class gene (Radicella et al., Genes and Development 6: 2152-2164 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Alleles that have been identified at the b and r loci show differences in developmental or tissue specific expression.
  • the homeodomain contains three ⁇ -helices (Quain et al., Cell 59: 573-580 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Residues in helix 3 contact the major groove of a nucleic acid in a sequence specific manner. Although structurally similar, different homeodomains are able to recognize diverse binding sites (Hanes et al., Cell 57: 1275-1283 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Treisamn et al., Genes Dev. 5: 594-604 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Affolter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci .
  • homeodomain transcription factors are those that share a conserved cysteine-rich motif as illustrated by the Arabidopsis GLABRA2 homeodomain protein and the Zea mays KNOTTED1 (KN1)-like proteins (Vollbrecht et al., Nature 350: 241-243 (1991), Ma et al., Plant. Molec. Biol. 24: 465-473 (1994)).
  • the morphological mutation Knotted1 in Zea mays alters the developmental fate of cells in leaf blades with wild-type expression of the gene localized in the meristem and ground tissue but absent from leaves or leaf primordia (Hake, Trends in Genetics 8:109-114 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Freeling and Hake, Genetics 111: 617-634 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the kn1 class of genes in Zea mays encode an ELK domain which contains repeating hydrophobic residues (Kerstetter et al., Plant Cell 6: 1877-1887 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Kn1-like homeodomain genes have been reported in other plants, such as Arabidopsis (Lincoln et al., Plant Cell 6: 1859-1876 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), tomato and soybean (Ma et al., Plant Molecular Biology 24: 465-473 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Homeodomain transcription factors have been associated with the regulation of cell to cell communication and development in plants. Presence of the KNOTTED1 homeodomain transcription factor in a plant cell can lead to an increase in plasmodesmal size permitting the transport of larger molecules between cells (Lucas et al., Science 270: 1980-1983 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • CLF while not being necessary for initial specification of stamen and carpel development, is reportedly necessary to later stages of development plants and represses a second transcription factor AGAMOUS (Goodrich et al., Nature 386: 44-51 (1997); Schumacher and Magnuson, Trends in Genetics 13(5): 167-170 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • a further class of transcription factors those containing an AP2 domain, a conserved motif first identified in Arabidopsis (a floral mutant), has been identified in a number of plants (Jofuka et al., Plant Cell 6: 1211-1225 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Weigal et al., Plant Cell 7: 388-389 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the AP2 domain which is a DNA-binding motif of about 60 amino acid has been reported, for example, to be present in the Arabidopsis transcription factors CBF1, APETALA2, AINTEGUMENTA, and TINY; as well as the tobacco ethylene response element binding proteins (Moose and Sisco, Genes and Development 10: 3018-3027 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Weigal et al. reports a 24 amino acid AP2 consensus domain which is predicted to form an amphipathic ⁇ -helix that may mediate protein-protein interactions (Weigal et al., Plant Cell 7: 388-389 (1995)).
  • Zinc-finger proteins have been isolated from plants (Takatsuji and Matsumoto, J. Biol. Chem. 271: 23368-23373 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Messner, Plant Mol. Biol. 33: 615-624 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Dietrich et al., Cell 88: 685-694 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Pater et al., Nucleic Acid Research 24: 4624-4631 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Tague and Goodman, Plant Mole. Biol.
  • Zinc-finger proteins have been associated with a number of processes in plants including cell death (Dietrich et al., Cell 88: 685-694 (1997)) and flower morphology (Pater et al., Nucleic Acid Research 24: 4624-4631 (1996)).
  • Zinc-finger transcription factors may be subdivided into a number of categories.
  • a category of zinc-finger transcription factors referred to as the C 2 H 2 zinc finger transcription factors (also referred to as either TFIIA or Krüpell-like zinc fingers) (Meissner and Michael, Plant Molecular Biology 33: 615-624 (1997); Takatsuji et al., EMBO J. 11: 241-249 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Tague and Goodman, Plant Mol. Biol.
  • C 2 H 2 zinc finger transcription factors have been reported, which contain one, two or three zinc fingers. These zinc fingers are maintained by cysteine and/or histidine residues organized around a zinc metal ion (Meissner and Michael, Plant Molecular Biology 33: 615-624 (1997)).
  • C 2 H 2 zinc finger transcription factors include: the petunia Epf1 product which binds to an inverted repeat found in the promoter of EPSP, the W2f1 product from wheat, which binds to a nonameric motif found in the histone H3 promoter; the Arabidopsis AtZFP1 product associated with shoot development; and the Arabidopsis SUPERMAN product that is associated with negative regulation of B-function floral organ identity (Meissner and Michael, Plant Molecular Biology 33: 615-624 (1997); Takatsuji et al., EMBO J. 11: 241-249 (1994); Tague and Goodman, Plant Mol. Biol.
  • GATA-1 like transcription factors have been associated with, for example, the regulation of cell death and the regulation of expression associated with salt stress.
  • Expressed sequence tags, or ESTs are randomly sequenced members of a cDNA library (or complementary DNA) (McCombie et al., Nature Genetics 1: 124-130 (1992); Kurata et al., Nature Genetics 8:365-372 (1994); Okubo et al., Nature Genetics 2:173-179 (1992), all of which references are incorporated herein in their entirety).
  • the randomly selected clones comprise insets that can represent a copy of up to the full length of a mRNA transcript.
  • cDNA libraries can be constructed from the mRNA (messenger RNA) of a given tissue or organism using poly dT primers and reverse transcriptase (Efstratiadis et al., Cell 7:279-3680 (1976), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Higuchi et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 73:3146-3150 (1976), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Maniatis et al., Cell 8:163-182 (1976) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Land et al., Nucleic Acids Res.
  • terminal transferase can be used to add homopolymeric tails of dC residues to the free 3′ hydroxyl groups (Land et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 9:2251-2266 (1981), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). This tail can then be hybridized by a poly dG oligo which can act as a primer for the synthesis of full length second strand cDNA. Okayama and Berg, Mol. Cell. Biol. 2:161-170 (1982), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference, report a method for obtaining full length cDNA constructs.
  • N (ln(1 ⁇ P))/(ln(1 ⁇ 1/n))
  • N the number of clones required
  • P the probability desired
  • 1/n the fractional proportion of the total mRNA that is represented by a single rare mRNA
  • a method to enrich preparations of mRNA for sequences of interest is to fractionate by size.
  • One such method is to fractionate by electrophoresis through an agarose gel (Pennica et al., Nature 301:214-221 (1983), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Another such method employs sucrose gradient centrifugation in the presence of an agent, such as methylmercuric hydroxide, that denatures secondary structure in RNA (Schweinfest et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 79:4997-5000 (1982), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • ESTs can be sequenced by a number of methods. Two basic methods may be used for DNA sequencing, the chain termination method of Sanger et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 74:5463-5467 (1977), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference and the chemical degradation method of Maxam and Gilbert, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 74:560-564 (1977), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • ESTs longer than 150 nucleotides have been found to be useful for similarity searches and mapping (Adams et al., Science 252:1651-1656 (1991), herein incorporated by reference). ESTs, which can represent copies of up to the full length transcript, may be partially or completely sequenced. Between 150-450 nucleotides of sequence information is usually generated as this is the length of sequence information that is routinely and reliably produced using single run sequence data. Typically, only single run sequence data is obtained from the cDNA library (Adams et al., Science 252:1651-1656 (1991). Automated single run sequencing typically results in an approximately 2-3% error or base ambiguity rate (Boguski et al., Nature Genetics 4:332-333 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • EST databases have been constructed or partially constructed from, for example, C. elegans (McCombrie et al., Nature Genetics 1: 124-131 (1992)), human liver cell line HepG2 (Okubo et al., Nature Genetics 2:173-179 (1992)), human brain RNA (Adams et al., Science 252:1651-1656 (1991); Adams et al., Nature 355:632-635 (1992)), Arabidopsis , (Newman et al., Plant Physiol. 106:1241-1255 (1994)); and rice (Kurata et al., Nature Genetics 8:365-372 (1994)).
  • a characteristic feature of a DNA sequence is that it can be compared with other DNA sequences. Sequence comparisons can be undertaken by determining the similarity of the test or query sequence with sequences in publicly available or proprietary databases (“similarity analysis”) or by searching for certain motifs (“intrinsic sequence analysis”) (e.g. cis elements) (Coulson, Trends in Biotechnology 12:76-80 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); Birren et al., Genome Analysis 1: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. 543-559 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Similarity analysis includes database search and alignment.
  • public databases include the DNA Database of Japan (DDBJ) (on the Worldwide web at ddbj.nig.ac.jp/); GENBANK® (on the Worldwide web at ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Web/Search/Index.html); and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Nucleic Acid Sequence Database (EMBL) (on the Worldwide web at ebi.ac.uk/ebi_docs/embl_db/embl-db.html).
  • DDBJ DNA Database of Japan
  • GENBANK® on the Worldwide web at ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Web/Search/Index.html
  • EMBL European Molecular Biology Laboratory Nucleic Acid Sequence Database
  • dbEST on the Worldwide web at ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/dbEST/index.html
  • SwissProt on the Worldwide web at ebi.ac.uk/ebi_docs/swisprot_db/swisshome.html
  • PIR on the Worldwide web at nbrt.georgetown.edu/pir/
  • the Institute for Genome Research on the Worldwide web at tigr.org/tdb/tdb.html).
  • BLAST programs There are five implementations of BLAST, three designed for nucleotide sequences queries (BLASTN, BLASTX and TBLASTX) and two designed for protein sequence queries (BLASTP and TBLASTN) (Coulson, Trends in Biotechnology 12:76-80 (1994); Birren et al., Genome Analysis 1, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. 543-559 (1997)).
  • BLASTN takes a nucleotide sequence (the query sequence) and its reverse complement and searches them against a nucleotide sequence database. BLASTN was designed for speed, not maximum sensitivity and may not find distantly related coding sequences.
  • BLASTX takes a nucleotide sequence, translates it in three forward reading frames and three reverse complement reading frames and then compares the six translations against a protein sequence database. BLASTX is useful for sensitive analysis of preliminary (single-pass) sequence data and is tolerant of sequencing errors (Gish and States, Nature Genetics 3:266-272 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). BLASTN and BLASTX may be used in concert for analyzing EST data (Coulson, Trends in Biotechnology 12:76-80 (1994); Birren et al., Genome Analysis 1:543-559 (1997)).
  • nucleotide sequence Given a coding nucleotide sequence and the protein it encodes, it is often preferable to use the protein as the query sequence to search a database because of the greatly increased sensitivity to detect more subtle relationships. This is due to the larger alphabet of proteins (20 amino acids) compared with the alphabet of nucleic acid sequences (4 bases), where it is far easier to obtain a match by chance. In addition, with nucleotide alignments, only a match (positive score) or a mismatch (negative score) is obtained, but with proteins, the presence of conservative amino acid substitutions can be taken into account. Here, a mismatch may yield a positive score if the non-identical residue has physical/chemical properties similar to the one it replaced.
  • a general purpose scoring system is the BLOSUM62 matrix (Henikoff and Henikoff, Proteins 17:49-61 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), which is currently the default choice for BLAST programs. BLOSUM62 is tailored for alignments of moderately diverged sequences and thus may not yield the best results under all conditions.
  • Altschul, J. Mol. Biol. 36:290-300 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference describes a combination of three matrices to cover all contingencies. This may improve sensitivity, but at the expense of slower searches.
  • CLUSTAL W is a multiple sequence alignment package that performs progressive multiple sequence alignments based on the method of Feng and Doolittle, J. Mol. Evol. 25:351-360 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • Each pair of sequences is aligned and the distance between each pair is calculated; from this distance matrix, a guide tree is calculated and all of the sequences are progressively aligned based on this tree.
  • a feature of the program is its sensitivity to the effect of gaps on the alignment; gap penalties are varied to encourage the insertion of gaps in probable loop regions instead of in the middle of structured regions.
  • Sequence motifs are derived from multiple alignments and can be used to examine individual sequences or an entire database for subtle patterns. With motifs, it is sometimes possible to detect distant relationships that may not be demonstrable based on comparisons of primary sequences alone.
  • PROSITE may be accessed via either the ExPASy server on the World Wide Web or anonymous ftp site. Many commercial sequence analysis packages also provide search programs that use PROSITE data.
  • BLOCKS A resource for searching protein motifs is the BLOCKS E-mail server developed by Henikoff, Trends Biochem Sci. 18:267-268 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Henikoff and Henikoff, Nucleic Acid Research 19:6565-6572 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Henikoff and Henikoff, Proteins 17:49-61 (1993).
  • BLOCKS searches a protein or nucleotide sequence against a database of protein motifs or “blocks.” Blocks are defined as short, ungapped multiple alignments that represent highly conserved protein patterns. The blocks themselves are derived from entries in PROSITE as well as other sources.
  • Either a protein query or a nucleotide query can be submitted to the BLOCKS server; if a nucleotide sequence is submitted, the sequence is translated in all six reading frames and motifs are sought for these conceptual translations. Once the search is completed, the server will return a ranked list of significant matches, along with an alignment of the query sequence to the matched BLOCKS entries.
  • conserveed protein domains can be represented by two-dimensional matrices, which measure either the frequency or probability of the occurrences of each amino acid residue and deletions or insertions in each position of the domain.
  • This type of model when used to search against protein databases, is sensitive and usually yields more accurate results than simple motif searches.
  • Two popular implementations of this approach are profile searches such as GCG program ProfileSearch and Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) (Krough et al., J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531, (1994); Eddy, Current Opinion in Structural Biology 6:361-365, (1996), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • PROSITE and BLOCKS represent collected families of protein motifs. Thus, searching these databases entails submitting a single sequence to determine whether or not that sequence is similar to the members of an established family. Programs working in the opposite direction compare a collection of sequences with individual entries in the protein databases.
  • An example of such a program is the Motif Search Tool, or MoST (Tatusov et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 91:12091-12095 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • MoST Motif Search Tool
  • a weight matrix is calculated by using one of four methods (selected by the user).
  • a weight matrix is simply a representation, position by position of how likely a particular amino acid will appear.
  • the calculated weight matrix is then used to search the databases. To increase sensitivity, newly found sequences are added to the original data set, the weight matrix is recalculated and the search is performed again. This procedure continues until no new sequences are found.
  • the present invention provides a substantially purified nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the maize, soybean, or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor is selected from the group consisting of: (a) homeobox transcription factor (b) HLH transcription factor (c) leucine zipper transcription factor (d) zinc finger transcription factor and (e) other transcription factors.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified nucleic acid molecule that encodes a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Adrabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the maize or soybean transcription factor is selected from the group consisting of (a) homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof; (b) HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof; (c) leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, (d) zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and (e) other transcription factors or fragments thereof.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822, SEQ ID NO: 1830, SEQ ID NO: 1840 through SEQ ID NO: 1845, SEQ ID NO: 1847
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence consisting of SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822, SEQ ID NO: 1830, SEQ ID NO: 1840 through SEQ ID NO: 1845, SEQ ID NO: 1847 through 1854, SEQ ID NO: 1857 through 1862, SEQ ID NO: 1869, SEQ ID NO: 1878 through SEQ ID NO: 1879
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • the present invention also provides a purified antibody or fragment thereof which is capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule consisting of a compliment of a nucleic acid sequence having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822,
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686.
  • the present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • the present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; (B) a structural nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (a) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for a homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof; (b) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for a HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof; (c) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for a leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof; (d) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for a zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof, (e) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for an other transcription factor or fragment thereof, (f) a nucleic acid sequence which is complementary to any of the nucleic acid sequences of (a) through (d); and (C) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination
  • the present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; which is linked to (B) a structural nucleic acid molecule, wherein the structural nucleic acid molecule encodes a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof, the structural nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof; which is linked to (C) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of the mRNA molecule.
  • the present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; which is linked to (B) a structural nucleic acid molecule, wherein the structural nucleic acid molecule is selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean, or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean, or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof; and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean, or Arabidopsis
  • the present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; which is linked to (B) a transcribed nucleic acid molecule with a transcribed strand and a non-transcribed strand, wherein the transcribed strand is complementary to a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof; which is linked to (C) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in plant cells to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of the mRNA molecule.
  • the present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; which is linked to: (B) a transcribed nucleic acid molecule with a transcribed strand and a non-transcribed strand, wherein a transcribed mRNA of the transcribed strand is complementary to an endogenous mRNA molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining a level or pattern of a plant transcription factor in a plant cell or plant tissue comprising: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid molecule, the marker nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragment of either, with a complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue, wherein nucleic acid hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue permits the detection of the plant transcription factor; (B) permitting hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue; and (C) detecting the level or pattern of the complementary nucleic acid, wherein the detection of the complementary nucleic acid is predictive of the level or pattern of the plant transcription factor.
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining a level or pattern of a plant transcription factor in a plant cell or plant tissue comprising: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid molecule, the marker nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining a level or pattern of a plant transcription factor in a plant cell or plant tissue under evaluation which comprises assaying the concentration of a molecule, whose concentration is dependent upon the expression of a gene, the gene specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof, in comparison to the concentration of that molecule present in a reference plant cell or a reference plant tissue with a known level or pattern of the plant transcription factor, wherein the assayed concentration of the molecule is compared to the assayed concentration of the molecule in the reference plant cell or reference plant tissue with the known level or pattern of the plant transcription factor.
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining a level or pattern of a plant transcription factor in a plant cell or plant tissue under evaluation which comprises assaying the concentration of a molecule, whose concentration is dependent upon the expression of a gene, the gene specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof, in
  • the present invention provides a method of determining a mutation in a plant whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting a level or pattern of a protein comprising the steps: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid, the marker nucleic acid selected from the group of marker nucleic acid molecules which specifically hybridize to a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragment of either and a complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant, wherein nucleic acid hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant permits the detection of a polymorphism whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of the protein in the plant; (B) permitting hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant; and (C) detecting the presence of the polymorphism, where
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining a mutation in a plant whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of a plant transcription factor comprising the steps: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid molecule, the marker nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid molecule that is linked to a gene, the gene specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof and a complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant, wherein nucleic acid hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant permits the detection of a polymorphism whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of the plant transcription factor in the plant; (B) permitting hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant; and
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining a mutation in a plant whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of a plant transcription factor comprising the steps: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid molecule, the marker nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid molecule that is linked to a gene, the gene specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription
  • the present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing an overexpressed protein comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region has a nucleic acid sequence selected from group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 wherein the structural region is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule results in overexpression of the protein; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • the present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing an overexpressed plant transcription factor comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region comprises a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof; wherein the structural region is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule results in overexpression of the plant transcription factor; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • the present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing an overexpressed plant transcription factor comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region comprises a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arab
  • the present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing reduced levels of a plant transcription factor comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region comprises a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853; wherein the structural region is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule results in co-suppression of the plant transcription factor; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • the present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing reduced levels of a plant transcription factor comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region comprises a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and a nucleic acid
  • the present invention also provides a method for reducing expression of a plant transcription factor in a plant comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a nucleic acid molecule, the nucleic acid molecule having an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule, wherein the exogenous promoter region is linked to a transcribed nucleic acid molecule having a transcribed strand and a non-transcribed strand, wherein the transcribed strand is complementary to a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either and the transcribed strand is complementary to an endogenous mRNA molecule; and wherein the transcribed nucleic acid molecule is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end
  • the present invention also provides a method for reducing expression of a plant transcription factor in a plant comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a nucleic acid molecule, the nucleic acid molecule having an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule, wherein the exogenous promoter region is linked to a transcribed nucleic acid molecule having a transcribed strand and a non-transcribed strand, wherein a transcribed mRNA of the transcribed strand is complementary to a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leu
  • the present invention also provides a method of determining an association between a polymorphism and a plant trait comprising: (A) hybridizing a nucleic acid molecule specific for the polymorphism to genetic material of a plant, wherein the nucleic acid molecule has a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragment of either; and (B) calculating the degree of association between the polymorphism and the plant trait.
  • the present invention also provides a method of determining an association between a polymorphism and a plant trait comprising: (A) hybridizing a nucleic acid molecule specific for the polymorphism to genetic material of a plant, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thal
  • the present invention also provides a method of isolating a nucleic acid that encodes a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof comprising: (A) incubating under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a first nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragment of either with a complementary second nucleic acid molecule obtained from a plant cell or plant tissue; (B) permitting hybridization between the first nucleic acid molecule and the second nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue; and (C) isolating the second nucleic acid molecule.
  • the present invention also provides a method of isolating a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof comprising: (A) incubating under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a first nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement
  • Agents of the present invention include plant nucleic acid molecules and more preferably include maize, soybean and Arabidopsis thaliana nucleic acid molecules and more preferably include nucleic acid molecules of the maize genotypes B73 (Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.), B73 ⁇ Mo17 (Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.), DK604 (Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.), H99 (Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill.
  • a subset of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention includes nucleic acid molecules that are marker molecules. Another subset of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention include nucleic acid molecules that encode a protein or fragment thereof. Another subset of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention are EST molecules.
  • Fragment nucleic acid molecules may encode significant portion(s) of, or indeed most of, these nucleic acid molecules.
  • the fragments may comprise smaller oligonucleotides (having from about 15 to about 250 nucleotide residues and more preferably, about 15 to about 30 nucleotide residues).
  • an agent be it a naturally occurring molecule or otherwise may be “substantially purified,” if desired, such that one or more molecules that is or may be present in a naturally occurring preparation containing that molecule will have been removed or will be present at a lower concentration than that at which it would normally be found.
  • the agents of the present invention will preferably be “biologically active” with respect to either a structural attribute, such as the capacity of a nucleic acid to hybridize to another nucleic acid molecule, or the ability of a protein to be bound by an antibody (or to compete with another molecule for such binding).
  • a structural attribute such as the capacity of a nucleic acid to hybridize to another nucleic acid molecule, or the ability of a protein to be bound by an antibody (or to compete with another molecule for such binding).
  • such an attribute may be catalytic and thus involve the capacity of the agent to mediate a chemical reaction or response.
  • agents of the present invention may also be recombinant.
  • the term recombinant means any agent (e.g. DNA, peptide etc.), that is, or results, however indirect, from human manipulation of a nucleic acid molecule.
  • the agents of the present invention may be labeled with reagents that facilitate detection of the agent (e.g. fluorescent labels, Prober et al., Science 238:336-340 (1987); Albarella et al., EP 144914; chemical labels, Sheldon et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,789; Albarella et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,563,417; modified bases, Miyoshi et al., EP 119448, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • fluorescent labels e.g. fluorescent labels, Prober et al., Science 238:336-340 (1987); Albarella et al., EP 144914; chemical labels, Sheldon et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,789; Albarella et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,563,417; modified bases, Miyoshi et al., EP
  • the present invention provides recombinant bacterial, mammalian, microbial, insect, fungal and plant cells and viral constructs comprising the agents of the present invention.
  • bacterial, mammalian, microbial, insect, fungal and plant cells and viral constructs comprising the agents of the present invention.
  • Nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention are capable of specifically hybridizing to other nucleic acid molecules under certain circumstances.
  • two nucleic acid molecules are said to be capable of specifically hybridizing to one another if the two molecules are capable of forming an anti-parallel, double-stranded nucleic acid structure.
  • a nucleic acid molecule is said to be the “complement” of another nucleic acid molecule if they exhibit complete complementarity.
  • molecules are said to exhibit “complete complementarity” when every nucleotide of one of the molecules is complementary to a nucleotide of the other.
  • Two molecules are said to be “minimally complementary” if they can hybridize to one another with sufficient stability to permit them to remain annealed to one another under at least conventional “low-stringency” conditions.
  • the molecules are said to be “complementary” if they can hybridize to one another with sufficient stability to permit them to remain annealed to one another under conventional “high-stringency” conditions.
  • Conventional stringency conditions are described by Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning , A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed., Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989) and by Haymes et al., Nucleic Acid Hybridization, A Practical Approach , IRL Press, Washington, D.C.
  • nucleic acid molecule in order for a nucleic acid molecule to serve as a primer or probe it need only be sufficiently complementary in sequence to be able to form a stable double-stranded structure under the particular solvent and salt concentrations employed.
  • Appropriate stringency conditions which promote DNA hybridization for example, 6.0 ⁇ sodium chloride/sodium citrate (SSC) at about 45° C., followed by a wash of 2.0 ⁇ SSC at 50° C., are known to those skilled in the art or can be found in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology , John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1989), 6.3.1-6.3.6.
  • the salt concentration in the wash step can be selected from a low stringency of about 2.0 ⁇ SSC at 50° C. to a high stringency of about 0.2 ⁇ SSC at 50° C.
  • the temperature in the wash step can be increased from low stringency conditions at room temperature, about 22° C., to high stringency conditions at about 65° C. Both temperature and salt may be varied, or either the temperature or the salt concentration may be held constant while the other variable is changed.
  • a nucleic acid of the present invention will specifically hybridize to one or more of the nucleic acid molecules set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof under moderately stringent conditions, for example at about 2.0 ⁇ SSC and about 65° C.
  • a nucleic acid of the present invention will include those nucleic acid molecules that specifically hybridize to one or more of the nucleic acid molecules set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof under high stringency conditions such as 0.2 ⁇ SSC and about 65° C.
  • the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention have one or more of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof. In another aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention share between 100% and 90% sequence identity with one or more of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof. In a further aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention share between 100% and 95% sequence identity with one or more of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof.
  • one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention share between 100% and 98% sequence identity with one or more of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof. In an even more preferred aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention share between 100% and 99% sequence identity with one or more of the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof.
  • one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention exhibit 100% sequence identity with a nucleic acid molecule present within MONN01, SATMON001, SATMON003 through SATMON014, SATMON016 through SATMON031, SATMON033, SATMON034, SATMON001, SATMONN01, SATMONN04 through SATMONN006, CMz029 through CMz031, CMz033 through CMz037, CMz039 through CMz042, CMz044 through CMz045, CMz047 through CMz050, SOYMON001 through SOYMON038, Soy51 through Soy56, Soy58 through Soy62, Soy65 through Soy73 and Soy76 through Soy77, Lib9, Lib22 through Lib25, Lib35, and Lib146 (Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Mo. U.S.A.).
  • Nucleic acid molecules of the present invention can comprise sequences that encode a transcription factor or fragment thereof. Such transcription factors or fragments thereof include homologues of known transcription factors in other organisms.
  • a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of another plant transcription factor.
  • a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of a fungal transcription factor.
  • a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor of the present invention is a homologue of mammalian transcription factor.
  • a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of a bacterial transcription factor.
  • a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of a maize transcription factor.
  • a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor homologue or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of a soybean transcription factor.
  • a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor homologue or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of an Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor.
  • the nucleic molecule of the present invention encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof where a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor exhibits a BLAST probability score of greater than 1E-12, preferably a BLAST probability score of between about 1E-30 and about 1E-12, even more preferably a BLAST probability score of greater than 1E-30 with its homologue.
  • the nucleic acid molecule encoding a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof exhibits a % identity with its homologue of between about 25% and about 40%, more preferably of between about 40 and about 70%, even more preferably of between about 70% and about 90% and even more preferably between about 90% and 99%.
  • a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragments thereof exhibits a % identity with its homologue of 100%.
  • the nucleic molecule of the present invention encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof where a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor exhibits a BLAST score of greater than 120, preferably a BLAST score of between about 1450 and about 120, even more preferably a BLAST score of greater than 1450 with its homologue.
  • Nucleic acid molecules of the present invention also include non-maize, non-soybean homologues.
  • Preferred non-homologues are selected from the group consisting of alfalfa, Arabidopsis , barley, Brassica , broccoli, cabbage, citrus, cotton, garlic, oat, oilseed rape, onion, canola, flax, an ornamental plant, pea, peanut, pepper, potato, rice, rye, sorghum, strawberry, sugarcane, sugarbeet, tomato, wheat, poplar, pine, fir, eucalyptus, apple, lettuce, lentils, grape, banana, tea, turf grasses, sunflower, oil palm and Phaseolus.
  • nucleic acid molecules having SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements and fragments of either can be utilized to obtain such homologues.
  • one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention differ in nucleic acid sequence from those encoding a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 due to the degeneracy in the genetic code in that they encode the same transcription factor but differ in nucleic acid sequence.
  • one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention differ in nucleic acid sequence from those encoding a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 due to fact that the different nucleic acid sequence encodes a transcription factor having one or more conservative amino acid residue. Examples of conservative substitutions are set forth in Table 1. It is understood that codons capable of coding for such conservative substitutions are known in the art.
  • one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention differ in nucleic acid sequence from those encoding a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof due to the fact that one or more codons encoding an amino acid has been substituted for a codon that encodes a nonessential substitution of the amino acid originally encoded.
  • Agents of the present invention include nucleic acid molecules that encode a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof and particularly substantially purified nucleic acid molecules selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • nucleic acid molecules of the present invention are nucleic acid molecules comprising: SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof that encode for a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO:1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000 or fragment thereof that encode for a homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085 or fragment thereof that encode for a HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO
  • a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention can also encode an homologue of a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor, or fragment thereof or a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • a homologue protein molecule or fragment thereof is a counterpart protein molecule or fragment thereof in a second species (e.g., maize homeobox transcription factor is a homologue of Arabidopsis homeobox transcription factor).
  • markers that include nucleic acid molecules SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either that can act as markers or other nucleic acid molecules of the present invention that can act as markers.
  • Genetic markers of the present invention include “dominant” or “codominant” markers “Codominant markers” reveal the presence of two or more alleles (two per diploid individual) at a locus. “Dominant markers” reveal the presence of only a single allele per locus. The presence of the dominant marker phenotype (e.g., a band of DNA) is an indication that one allele is present in either the homozygous or heterozygous condition. The absence of the dominant marker phenotype (e.g.
  • Marker molecules can be, for example, capable of detecting polymorphisms such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  • SNPs are single base changes in genomic DNA sequence. They occur at greater frequency and are spaced with a greater uniformly throughout a genome than other reported forms of polymorphism. The greater frequency and uniformity of SNPs means that there is greater probability that such a polymorphism will be found near or in a genetic locus of interest than would be the case for other polymorphisms. SNPs are located in protein-coding regions and noncoding regions of a genome. Some of these SNPs may result in defective or variant protein expression (e.g., as a results of mutations or defective splicing). Analysis (genotyping) of characterized SNPs can require only a plus/minus assay rather than a lengthy measurement, permitting easier automation.
  • SNPs can be characterized using any of a variety of methods. Such methods include the direct or indirect sequencing of the site, the use of restriction enzymes (Botstein et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet. 32:314-331 (1980), the entirety of which is herein incorporated reference; Konieczny and Ausubel, Plant J. 4:403-410 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), enzymatic and chemical mismatch assays (Myers et al., Nature 313:495-498 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), allele-specific PCR (Newton et al., Nucl. Acids Res.
  • oligonucleotide fluorescence-quenching assays (Livak et al., PCR Methods Appl. 4:357-362 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), 5′-nuclease allele-specific hybridization TaqMan assay (Livak et al., Nature Genet. 9:341-342 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), template-directed dye-terminator incorporation (TDI) assay (Chen and Kwok, Nucl. Acids Res.
  • TDI template-directed dye-terminator incorporation
  • AFLP markers can be utilized (Walton, Seed World 22-29 (July, 1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Burow and Blake, Molecular Dissection of Complex Traits, 13-29, Paterson (ed.), CRC Press, New York (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • DNA markers can be developed from nucleic acid molecules using restriction endonucleases, the PCR and/or DNA sequence information.
  • RFLP markers result from single base changes or insertions/deletions.
  • CAPS codominant markers are highly abundant in plant genomes, have a medium level of polymorphism and are developed by a combination of restriction endonuclease digestion and Southern blotting hybridization. CAPS are similarly developed from restriction nuclease digestion but only of specific PCR products. These markers are also codominant, have a medium level of polymorphism and are highly abundant in the genome. The CAPS result from single base changes and insertions/deletions.
  • RAPDs Another marker type, RAPDs, are developed from DNA amplification with random primers and result from single base changes and insertions/deletions in plant genomes. They are dominant markers with a medium level of polymorphisms and are highly abundant. AFLP markers require using the PCR on a subset of restriction fragments from extended adapter primers. These markers are both dominant and codominant are highly abundant in genomes and exhibit a medium level of polymorphism.
  • SSRs require DNA sequence information. These codominant markers result from repeat length changes, are highly polymorphic and do not exhibit as high a degree of abundance in the genome as CAPS, AFLPs and RAPDs SNPs also require DNA sequence information. These codominant markers result from single base substitutions. They are highly abundant and exhibit a medium of polymorphism (Rafalski et al., In: Nonmammalian Genomic Analysis , Birren and Lai (ed.), Academic Press, San Diego, Calif., pp. 75-134 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention may be used as a marker.
  • a PCR probe is a nucleic acid molecule capable of initiating a polymerase activity while in a double-stranded structure to with another nucleic acid.
  • a fragment of one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be a probe and specifically a PCR probe.
  • a class of agents comprises one or more of the protein or fragments thereof or peptide molecules encoded by SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or one or more of the protein or fragment thereof and peptide molecules encoded by other nucleic acid agents of the present invention.
  • protein molecule or “peptide molecule” includes any molecule that comprises five or more amino acids. It is well known in the art that proteins may undergo modification, including post-translational modifications, such as, but not limited to, disulfide bond formation, glycosylation, phosphorylation, or oligomerization. Thus, as used herein, the term “protein molecule” or “peptide molecule” includes any protein molecule that is modified by any biological or non-biological process.
  • amino acid and “amino acids” refer to all naturally occurring L-amino acids. This definition is meant to include norleucine, ornithine, homocysteine and homoserine.
  • Non-limiting examples of the protein or fragment thereof of the present invention include a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof, or a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof,
  • Non-limiting examples of the protein or fragment molecules of the present invention are a transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by: SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof that encode for a transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000 or fragment thereof that encode for a homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085 or fragment thereof that encode for a HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ
  • One or more of the protein or fragment of peptide molecules may be produced via chemical synthesis, or more preferably, by expressing in a suitable bacterial or eucaryotic host. Suitable methods for expression are described by Sambrook et al., (In: Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2 nd Edition , Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989)), or similar texts.
  • the protein may be expressed in, for example, Uses of the Agents of the Invention, Section (a) Plant Constructs and Plant Transformants; Section (b) Fungal Constructs and Fungal Transformants; Section (c) Mammalian Constructs and Transformed Mammalian Cells; Section (d) Insect Constructs and Transformed Insect Cells; and Section (e) Bacterial Constructs and Transformed Bacterial Cells.
  • a “protein fragment” is a peptide or polypeptide molecule whose amino acid sequence comprises a subset of the amino acid sequence of that protein.
  • a protein or fragment thereof that comprises one or more additional peptide regions not derived from that protein is a “fusion” protein.
  • Such molecules may be derivatized to contain carbohydrate or other moieties (such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin, etc.). Fusion protein or peptide molecules of the present invention are preferably produced via recombinant means.
  • Another class of agents comprise protein or peptide molecules or fragments or fusions thereof encoded by SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof in which conservative, non-essential or non-relevant amino acid residues have been added, replaced or deleted.
  • Computerized means for designing modifications in protein structure are known in the art (Dahiyat and Mayo, Science 278:82-87 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the protein molecules of the present invention include plant homologue proteins.
  • An example of such a homologue is a homologue protein of a non-maize or non soybean plant species, that include but not limited to alfalfa, Arabidopsis , barley, Brassica , broccoli, cabbage, citrus, cotton, garlic, oat, oilseed rape, onion, canola, flax, an ornamental plant, pea, peanut, pepper, potato, rice, rye, sorghum, strawberry, sugarcane, sugarbeet, tomato, wheat, poplar, pine, fir, eucalyptus, apple, lettuce, lentils, grape, banana, tea, turf grasses, sunflower, oil palm, Phaseolus etc.
  • non-maize or non-soybean for use for the isolation of homologs would include, Arabidopsis , barley, cotton, oat, oilseed rape, rice, canola, ornamentals, sugarcane, sugarbeet, tomato, potato, wheat and turf grasses.
  • a homologue can be obtained by any of a variety of methods.
  • one or more of the disclosed sequences (SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof) will be used to define a pair of primers that may be used to isolate the homologue-encoding nucleic acid molecules from any desired species. Such molecules can be expressed to yield homologues by recombinant means.
  • One aspect of the present invention concerns antibodies, single-chain antigen binding molecules, or other proteins that specifically bind to one or more of the protein or peptide molecules of the present invention and their homologues, fusions or fragments. Such antibodies may be used to quantitatively or qualitatively detect the protein or peptide molecules of the present invention. As used herein, an antibody or peptide is said to “specifically bind” to a protein or peptide molecule of the present invention if such binding is not competitively inhibited by the presence of non-related molecules.
  • Nucleic acid molecules that encode all or part of the protein of the present invention can be expressed, via recombinant means, to yield protein or peptides that can in turn be used to elicit antibodies that are capable of binding the expressed protein or peptide. Such antibodies may be used in immunoassays for that protein.
  • Such protein-encoding molecules, or their fragments may be a “fusion” molecule (i.e., a part of a larger nucleic acid molecule) such that, upon expression, a fusion protein is produced. It is understood that any of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be expressed, via recombinant means, to yield proteins or peptides encoded by these nucleic acid molecules.
  • the antibodies that specifically bind proteins and protein fragments of the present invention may be polyclonal or monoclonal and may comprise intact immunoglobulins, or antigen binding portions of immunoglobulins fragments (such as (F(ab′), F(ab′) 2 ), or single-chain immunoglobulins producible, for example, via recombinant means. It is understood that practitioners are familiar with the standard resource materials which describe specific conditions and procedures for the construction, manipulation and isolation of antibodies (see, for example, Harlow and Lane, In: Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual , Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Murine monoclonal antibodies are particularly preferred. BALB/c mice are preferred for this purpose, however, equivalent strains may also be used.
  • the animals are preferably immunized with approximately 25 ⁇ g of purified protein (or fragment thereof) that has been emulsified in a suitable adjuvant (such as TiterMax adjuvant (Vaxcel, Norcross, Ga.)).
  • a suitable adjuvant such as TiterMax adjuvant (Vaxcel, Norcross, Ga.)
  • Immunization is preferably conducted at two intramuscular sites, one intraperitoneal site and one subcutaneous site at the base of the tail.
  • An additional i.v. injection of approximately 25 ⁇ g of antigen is preferably given in normal saline three weeks later.
  • the mice may be bled and the blood screened for the presence of anti-protein or peptide antibodies.
  • a direct binding Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay ELISA
  • the mouse having the highest antibody titer is given a third i.v. injection of approximately 25 ⁇ g of the same protein or fragment.
  • the splenic leukocytes from this animal may be recovered 3 days later and then permitted to fuse, most preferably, using polyethylene glycol, with cells of a suitable myeloma cell line (such as, for example, the P3X63Ag8.653 myeloma cell line).
  • Hybridoma cells are selected by culturing the cells under “HAT” (hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymine) selection for about one week.
  • HAT hyperxanthine-aminopterin-thymine
  • anti-protein or peptide monoclonal antibodies are isolated using a fusion of a protein or peptide of the present invention, or conjugate of a protein or peptide of the present invention, as immunogens.
  • a group of mice can be immunized using a fusion protein emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant (e.g. approximately 50 ⁇ g of antigen per immunization).
  • an identical amount of antigen is emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant and used to immunize the animals.
  • serum samples are taken and evaluated for the presence of antibody. If antibody titers are too low, a fourth booster can be employed. Polysera capable of binding the protein or peptide can also be obtained using this method.
  • the spleens of the above-described immunized mice are removed, disrupted and immune splenocytes are isolated over a ficoll gradient.
  • the isolated splenocytes are fused, using polyethylene glycol with BALB/c-derived HGPRT (hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase) deficient P3 ⁇ 63 ⁇ Ag8.653 plasmacytoma cells.
  • the fused cells are plated into 96 well microtiter plates and screened for hybridoma fusion cells by their capacity to grow in culture medium supplemented with hypothanthine, aminopterin and thymidine for approximately 2-3 weeks.
  • Hybridoma cells that arise from such incubation are preferably screened for their capacity to produce an immunoglobulin that binds to a protein of interest.
  • An indirect ELISA may be used for this purpose.
  • the supernatants of hybridomas are incubated in microtiter wells that contain immobilized protein. After washing, the titer of bound immunoglobulin can be determined using, for example, a goat anti-mouse antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. After additional washing, the amount of immobilized enzyme is determined (for example through the use of a chromogenic substrate).
  • Such screening is performed as quickly as possible after the identification of the hybridoma in order to ensure that a desired clone is not overgrown by non-secreting neighbor cells.
  • the fusion plates are screened several times since the rates of hybridoma growth vary.
  • a different antigenic form may be used to screen the hybridoma.
  • the splenocytes may be immunized with one immunogen, but the resulting hybridomas can be screened using a different immunogen. It is understood that any of the protein or peptide molecules of the present invention may be used to raise antibodies.
  • antibody molecules or their fragments may be used for diagnostic purposes.
  • a ligand group such as biotin
  • a detectable marker group such as a fluorescent group, a radioisotope or an enzyme
  • a “mimetic compound” is a compound that is not that compound, or a fragment of that compound, but which nonetheless exhibits an ability to specifically bind to antibodies directed against that compound.
  • any of the agents of the present invention can be substantially purified and/or be biologically active and/or recombinant.
  • Nucleic acid molecules and fragments thereof of the present invention may be employed to obtain other nucleic acid molecules from the same species (e.g., ESTs or fragment thereof from maize may be utilized to obtain other nucleic acid molecules from maize).
  • Such nucleic acid molecules include the nucleic acid molecules that encode the complete coding sequence of a protein and promoters and flanking sequences of such molecules.
  • nucleic acid molecules include nucleic acid molecules that encode for other isozymes or gene family members.
  • Such molecules can be readily obtained by using the above-described nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof to screen cDNA or genomic libraries obtained from maize or soybean. Methods for forming such libraries are well known in the art.
  • Nucleic acid molecules and fragments thereof of the present invention may also be employed to obtain nucleic acid homologues.
  • Such homologues include the nucleic acid molecule of other plants or other organisms (e.g., alfalfa, Arabidopsis , barley, Brassica , broccoli, cabbage, citrus, cotton, garlic, oat, oilseed rape, onion, canola, flax, an ornamental plant, pea, peanut, pepper, potato, rice, rye, sorghum, strawberry, sugarcane, sugarbeet, tomato, wheat, poplar, pine, fir, eucalyptus, apple, lettuce, lentils, grape, banana, tea, turf grasses, sunflower, oil palm, Phaseolus , etc.) including the nucleic acid molecules that encode, in whole or in part, protein homologues of other plant species or other organisms, sequences of genetic elements such as promoters and transcriptional regulatory elements.
  • nucleic acid molecules of the present invention therefore also include molecules that, although capable of specifically hybridizing with the nucleic acid molecules may lack “complete complementarity.”
  • any of a variety of methods may be used to obtain one or more of the above-described nucleic acid molecules (Zamechik et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 83:4143-4146 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Goodchild et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 85:5507-5511 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Wickstrom et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci .
  • nucleic acid molecules may be used to define a pair of primers that can be used with the polymerase chain reaction (Mullis et al., Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 51:263-273 (1986); Erlich et al., European Patent 50,424; European Patent 84,796; European Patent 258,017; European Patent 237,362; Mullis, European Patent 201,184; Mullis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,202; Erlich, U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,788; and Saiki et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,194, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety) to amplify and obtain any desired nucleic acid molecule or fragment.
  • Promoter sequence(s) and other genetic elements, including but not limited to transcriptional regulatory flanking sequences, associated with one or more of the disclosed nucleic acid sequences can also be obtained using the disclosed nucleic acid sequence provided herein.
  • such sequences are obtained by incubating EST nucleic acid molecules or preferably fragments thereof with members of genomic libraries (e.g. maize and soybean) and recovering clones that hybridize to the EST nucleic acid molecule or fragment thereof.
  • methods of “chromosome walking,” or inverse PCR may be used to obtain such sequences (Frohman et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci .
  • the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used to isolate promoters of cell enhanced, cell specific, tissue enhanced, tissue specific, developmentally or environmentally regulated expression profiles. Isolation and functional analysis of the 5′ flanking promoter sequences of these genes from genomic libraries, for example, using genomic screening methods and PCR techniques would result in the isolation of useful promoters and transcriptional regulatory elements. These methods are known to those of skill in the art and have been described (See, for example, Birren et al., Genome Analysis: Analyzing DNA, 1, (1997), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Promoters obtained utilizing the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention could also be modified to affect their control characteristics. Examples of such modifications would include but are not limited to enhanced sequences as reported in Uses of the Agents of the Invention, Section (a) Plant Constructs and Plant Transformants. Such genetic elements could be used to enhance gene expression of new and existing traits for crop improvements.
  • such an analysis is conducted by determining the presence and/or identity of polymorphism(s) by one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention and more preferably one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecule or fragment thereof which are associated with a phenotype, or a predisposition to that phenotype.
  • any of a variety of molecules can be used to identify such polymorphism(s).
  • one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecules may be employed as a marker nucleic acid molecule to identify such polymorphism(s).
  • such polymorphisms can be detected through the use of a marker nucleic acid molecule or a marker protein that is genetically linked to (i.e., a polynucleotide that co-segregates with) such polymorphism(s).
  • such polymorphisms can be detected through the use of a marker nucleic acid molecule that is physically linked to such polymorphism(s).
  • marker nucleic acid molecules comprising a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide located within 1 mb of the polymorphism(s) and more preferably within 100 kb of the polymorphism(s) and most preferably within 10 kb of the polymorphism(s) can be employed.
  • a “polymorphism” is a variation or difference in the sequence of the gene or its flanking regions that arises in some of the members of a species.
  • the variant sequence and the “original” sequence co-exist in the species' population. In some instances, such co-existence is in stable or quasi-stable equilibrium.
  • a polymorphism is thus said to be “allelic,” in that, due to the existence of the polymorphism, some members of a species may have the original sequence (i.e., the original “allele”) whereas other members may have the variant sequence (i.e., the variant “allele”). In the simplest case, only one variant sequence may exist and the polymorphism is thus said to be di-allelic. In other cases, the species' population may contain multiple alleles and the polymorphism is termed tri-allelic, etc.
  • a single gene may have multiple different unrelated polymorphisms. For example, it may have a di-allelic polymorphism at one site and a multi-allelic polymorphism at another site.
  • the variation that defines the polymorphism may range from a single nucleotide variation to the insertion or deletion of extended regions within a gene.
  • the DNA sequence variations are in regions of the genome that are characterized by short tandem repeats (STRs) that include tandem di- or tri-nucleotide repeated motifs of nucleotides.
  • STRs short tandem repeats
  • Polymorphisms characterized by such tandem repeats are referred to as “variable number tandem repeat” (“VNTR”) polymorphisms.
  • VNTRs have been used in identity analysis (Weber, U.S. Pat. No. 5,075,217; Armour et al., FEBS Lett. 307:113-115 (1992); Jones et al., Eur. J. Haematol.
  • the detection of polymorphic sites in a sample of DNA may be facilitated through the use of nucleic acid amplification methods. Such methods specifically increase the concentration of polynucleotides that span the polymorphic site, or include that site and sequences located either distal or proximal to it. Such amplified molecules can be readily detected by gel electrophoresis or other means.
  • PCR polymerase chain reaction
  • LCR Limiting-Resistance Reaction
  • U.S.A . U.S.A .
  • LCR uses two pairs of oligonucleotide probes to exponentially amplify a specific target. The sequences of each pair of oligonucleotides is selected to permit the pair to hybridize to abutting sequences of the same strand of the target. Such hybridization forms a substrate for a template-dependent ligase. As with PCR, the resulting products thus serve as a template in subsequent cycles and an exponential amplification of the desired sequence is obtained.
  • LCR can be performed with oligonucleotides having the proximal and distal sequences of the same strand of a polymorphic site.
  • either oligonucleotide will be designed to include the actual polymorphic site of the polymorphism.
  • the reaction conditions are selected such that the oligonucleotides can be ligated together only if the target molecule either contains or lacks the specific nucleotide that is complementary to the polymorphic site present on the oligonucleotide.
  • the oligonucleotides may be selected such that they do not include the polymorphic site (see, Segev, PCT Application WO 90/01069, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • OLA Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay
  • nucleic acid amplification procedures such as allele-specific oligomers, branched DNA technology, transcription-based amplification systems, or isothermal amplification methods may also be used to amplify and analyze such polymorphisms (Malek et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,130,238; Davey et al., European Patent Application 329,822; Schuster et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,169,766; Miller et al., PCT Patent Application WO 89/06700; Kwoh et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci .
  • the identification of a polymorphism can be determined in a variety of ways. By correlating the presence or absence of it in a plant with the presence or absence of a phenotype, it is possible to predict the phenotype of that plant. If a polymorphism creates or destroys a restriction endonuclease cleavage site, or if it results in the loss or insertion of DNA (e.g., a VNTR polymorphism), it will alter the size or profile of the DNA fragments that are generated by digestion with that restriction endonuclease. As such, individuals that possess a variant sequence can be distinguished from those having the original sequence by restriction fragment analysis.
  • RFLPs RFLPs
  • RFLPs have been widely used in human and plant genetic analyses (Glassberg, UK Patent Application 2135774; Skolnick et al., Cytogen. Cell Genet. 32:58-67 (1982); Botstein et al., Ann. J. Hum. Genet. 32:314-331 (1980); Fischer et al., (PCT Application WO90/13668); Uhlen, PCT Application WO90/11369).
  • Polymorphisms can also be identified by Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis.
  • SSCP is a method capable of identifying most sequence variations in a single strand of DNA, typically between 150 and 250 nucleotides in length (Elles, Methods in Molecular Medicine Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases , Humana Press (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); Orita et al., Genomics 5:874-879 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • SSCP Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism
  • Polymorphisms may also be found using a DNA fingerprinting technique called amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), which is based on the selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments from a total digest of genomic DNA to profile that DNA (Vos et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 23:4407-4414 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • AFLP amplified fragment length polymorphism
  • AFLP employs basically three steps. Initially, a sample of genomic DNA is cut with restriction enzymes and oligonucleotide adapters are ligated to the restriction fragments of the DNA. The restriction fragments are then amplified using PCR by using the adapter and restriction sequence as target sites for primer annealing. The selective amplification is achieved by the use of primers that extend into the restriction fragments, amplifying only those fragments in which the primer extensions match the nucleotide flanking the restriction sites. These amplified fragments are then visualized on a denaturing polyacrylamide gel.
  • AFLP analysis has also been used for fingerprinting mRNA (Money et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 24:2616-2617 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Bachem et al., Plant J. 9:745-753 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acids of the present invention, may be utilized as markers or probes to detect polymorphisms by AFLP analysis or for fingerprinting RNA.
  • Polymorphisms may also be found using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Williams et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 18:6531-6535 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and cleavable amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) (Lyamichev et al., Science 260:778-783 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention, may be utilized as markers or probes to detect polymorphisms by RAPD or CAPS analysis.
  • RAPD random amplified polymorphic DNA
  • CAPS cleavable amplified polymorphic sequences
  • a fine scale linkage map can be developed using DNA markers and, then, a genomic DNA library of large-sized fragments can be screened with molecular markers linked to the desired trait.
  • Molecular markers are advantageous for agronomic traits that are otherwise difficult to tag, such as resistance to pathogens, insects and nematodes, tolerance to abiotic stress, quality parameters and quantitative traits such as high yield potential.
  • the essential requirements for marker-assisted selection in a plant breeding program are: (1) the marker(s) should co-segregate or be closely linked with the desired trait; (2) an efficient means of screening large populations for the molecular marker(s) should be available; and (3) the screening technique should have high reproducibility across laboratories and preferably be economical to use and be user-friendly.
  • the genetic linkage of marker molecules can be established by a gene mapping model such as, without limitation, the flanking marker model reported by Lander and Botstein, Genetics 121:185-199 (1989) and the interval mapping, based on maximum likelihood methods described by Lander and Botstein, Genetics 121:185-199 (1989) and implemented in the software package MAPMAKER/QTL (Lincoln and Lander, Mapping Genes Controlling Quantitative Traits Using MAPMAKER/QTL , Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts, (1990). Additional software includes Qgene, Version 2.23 (1996), Department of Plant Breeding and Biometry, 266 Emerson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., the manual of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety). Use of Qgene software is a particularly preferred approach.
  • a maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) for the presence of a marker is calculated, together with an MLE assuming no QTL effect, to avoid false positives.
  • the LOD score essentially indicates how much more likely the data are to have arisen assuming the presence of a QTL than in its absence.
  • the LOD threshold value for avoiding a false positive with a given confidence, say 95%, depends on the number of markers and the length of the genome. Graphs indicating LOD thresholds are set forth in Lander and Botstein, Genetics 121:185-199 (1989) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference and further described by Ar ⁇ s and Moreno-González, Plant Breeding , Hayward et al., (eds.) Chapman & Hall, London, pp. 314-331 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • mapping population is important to map construction.
  • the choice of appropriate mapping population depends on the type of marker systems employed (Tanksley et al., Molecular mapping plant chromosomes. Chromosome structure and function: Impact of new concepts , Gustafson and Appels (eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp 157-173 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Consideration must be given to the source of parents (adapted vs. exotic) used in the mapping population. Chromosome pairing and recombination rates can be severely disturbed (suppressed) in wide crosses (adapted ⁇ exotic) and generally yield greatly reduced linkage distances. Wide crosses will usually provide segregating populations with a relatively large array of polymorphisms when compared to progeny in a narrow cross (adapted ⁇ adapted).
  • An F 2 population is the first generation of selfing after the hybrid seed is produced. Usually a single F 1 plant is selfed to generate a population segregating for all the genes in Mendelian (1:2:1) fashion. Maximum genetic information is obtained from a completely classified F 2 population using a codominant marker system (Mather, Measurement of Linkage in Heredity , Methuen and Co., (1938), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In the case of dominant markers, progeny tests (e.g. F 3 , BCF 2 ) are required to identify the heterozygotes, thus making it equivalent to a completely classified F 2 population. However, this procedure is often prohibitive because of the cost and time involved in progeny testing.
  • Progeny testing of F 2 individuals is often used in map construction where phenotypes do not consistently reflect genotype (e.g. disease resistance) or where trait expression is controlled by a QTL.
  • Segregation data from progeny test populations e.g. F 3 or BCF 2
  • Marker-assisted selection can then be applied to cross progeny based on marker-trait map associations (F 2 , F 3 ), where linkage groups have not been completely disassociated by recombination events (i.e., maximum disequilibrium).
  • Recombinant inbred lines (genetically related lines; usually >F 5 , developed from continuously selfing F 2 lines towards homozygosity) can be used as a mapping population. Information obtained from dominant markers can be maximized by using RIL because all loci are homozygous or nearly so. Under conditions of tight linkage (i.e., about ⁇ 10% recombination), dominant and co-dominant markers evaluated in RIL populations provide more information per individual than either marker type in backcross populations (Reiter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 89:1477-1481 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). However, as the distance between markers becomes larger (i.e., loci become more independent), the information in RIL populations decreases dramatically when compared to codominant markers.
  • RIL Recombinant inbred lines
  • Backcross populations (e.g., generated from a cross between a successful variety (recurrent parent) and another variety (donor parent) carrying a trait not present in the former) can be utilized as a mapping population.
  • a series of backcrosses to the recurrent parent can be made to recover most of its desirable traits.
  • a population is created consisting of individuals nearly like the recurrent parent but each individual carries varying amounts or mosaic of genomic regions from the donor parent.
  • Backcross populations can be useful for mapping dominant markers if all loci in the recurrent parent are homozygous and the donor and recurrent parent have contrasting polymorphic marker alleles (Reiter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci .
  • NIL Near-isogenic lines
  • BSA Bulk segregant analysis
  • nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used as molecular markers. It is also understood that one or more of the protein molecules of the present invention may be used as molecular markers.
  • a sample nucleic acid is obtained from plants cells or tissues. Any source of nucleic acid may be used. Preferably, the nucleic acid is genomic DNA. The nucleic acid is subjected to restriction endonuclease digestion. For example, one or more nucleic acid molecule or fragment thereof of the present invention can be used as a probe in accordance with the above-described polymorphic methods. The polymorphism obtained in this approach can then be cloned to identify the mutation at the coding region which alters the protein's structure or regulatory region of the gene which affects its expression level.
  • one or more of the nucleic molecules of the present invention are used to determine the level (i.e., the concentration of mRNA in a sample, etc.) in a plant (preferably maize or soybean) or pattern (i.e., the kinetics of expression, rate of decomposition, stability profile, etc.) of the expression of a protein encoded in part or whole by one or more of the nucleic acid molecule of the present invention (collectively, the “Expression Response” of a cell or tissue).
  • the Expression Response manifested by a cell or tissue is said to be “altered” if it differs from the Expression Response of cells or tissues of plants not exhibiting the phenotype.
  • the Expression Response manifested by the cell or tissue of the plant exhibiting the phenotype is compared with that of a similar cell or tissue sample of a plant not exhibiting the phenotype.
  • the Expression Response of a particular plant may be compared with previously obtained values of normal plants.
  • the phenotype of the organism is any of one or more characteristics of an organism (e.g. disease resistance, pest tolerance, environmental tolerance such as tolerance to abiotic stress, male sterility, quality improvement or yield etc.).
  • a change in genotype or phenotype may be transient or permanent.
  • a tissue sample is any sample that comprises more than one cell.
  • a tissue sample comprises cells that share a common characteristic (e.g. derived from root, seed, flower, leaf, stem or pollen etc.).
  • an evaluation can be conducted to determine whether a particular mRNA molecule is present.
  • One or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention preferably one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention are utilized to detect the presence or quantity of the mRNA species. Such molecules are then incubated with cell or tissue extracts of a plant under conditions sufficient to permit nucleic acid hybridization. The detection of double-stranded probe-mRNA hybrid molecules is indicative of the presence of the mRNA; the amount of such hybrid formed is proportional to the amount of mRNA. Thus, such probes may be used to ascertain the level and extent of the mRNA production in a plant's cells or tissues.
  • nucleic acid hybridization may be conducted under quantitative conditions (thereby providing a numerical value of the amount of the mRNA present).
  • the assay may be conducted as a qualitative assay that indicates either that the mRNA is present, or that its level exceeds a user set, predefined value.
  • a principle of in situ hybridization is that a labeled, single-stranded nucleic acid probe will hybridize to a complementary strand of cellular DNA or RNA and, under the appropriate conditions, these molecules will form a stable hybrid.
  • nucleic acid hybridization is combined with histological techniques, specific DNA or RNA sequences can be identified within a single cell.
  • An advantage of in situ hybridization over more conventional techniques for the detection of nucleic acids is that it allows an investigator to determine the precise spatial population (Angerer et al., Dev. Biol. 101:477-484 (1984), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Angerer et al., Dev. Biol.
  • In situ hybridization may be used to measure the steady-state level of RNA accumulation. It is a sensitive technique and RNA sequences present in as few as 5-10 copies per cell can be detected (Hardin et al., J. Mol. Biol. 202:417-431 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). A number of protocols have been devised for in situ hybridization, each with tissue preparation, hybridization and washing conditions (Meyerowitz, Plant Mol. Biol. Rep.
  • In situ hybridization also allows for the localization of proteins within a tissue or cell (Wilkinson, In Situ Hybridization , Oxford University Press, Oxford (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Langdale, In Situ Hybridization In: The Maize Handbook , Freeling and Walbot (eds.), pp 165-179, Springer-Verlag, New York (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the molecules of the present invention, preferably one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention or one or more of the antibodies of the present invention may be utilized to detect the level or pattern of a transcription factor or mRNA thereof by in situ hybridization.
  • Fluorescent in situ hybridization allows the localization of a particular DNA sequence along a chromosome which is useful, among other uses, for gene mapping, following chromosomes in hybrid lines or detecting chromosomes with translocations, transversions or deletions.
  • In situ hybridization has been used to identify chromosomes in several plant species (Griffor et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 17:101-109 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gustafson et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci .
  • nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used as probes or markers to localize sequences along a chromosome.
  • tissue printing provides a way to screen, at the same time on the same membrane many tissue sections from different plants or different developmental stages.
  • Tissue-printing procedures utilize films designed to immobilize proteins and nucleic acids.
  • a freshly cut section of a tissue is pressed gently onto nitrocellulose paper, nylon membrane or polyvinylidene difluoride membrane.
  • Such membranes are commercially available (e.g. Millipore, Bedford, Mass. U.S.A.).
  • the contents of the cut cell transfer onto the membrane and the contents and are immobilized to the membrane.
  • the immobilized contents form a latent print that can be visualized with appropriate probes.
  • a plant tissue print is made on nitrocellulose paper, the cell walls leave a physical print that makes the anatomy visible without further treatment (Varner and Taylor, Plant Physiol. 91:31-33 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Tissue printing on substrate films is described by Daoust, Exp. Cell Res. 12:203-211 (1957), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference, who detected amylase, protease, ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease in animal tissues using starch, gelatin and agar films. These techniques can be applied to plant tissues (Yomo and Taylor, Planta 112:35-43 (1973); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Harris and Chrispeels, Plant Physiol. 56:292-299 (1975), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Advances in membrane technology have increased the range of applications of Daoust's tissue-printing techniques allowing (Cassab and Varner, J. Cell.
  • one or more of the molecules of the present invention preferably one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention or one or more of the antibodies of the present invention may be utilized to detect the presence or quantity of a transcription factor by tissue printing.
  • nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used as marker nucleic acids and or probes in connection with methods that require probes or marker nucleic acids.
  • a probe is an agent that is utilized to determine an attribute or feature (e.g. presence or absence, location, correlation, etc.) of a molecule, cell, tissue or plant.
  • a marker nucleic acid is a nucleic acid molecule that is utilized to determine an attribute or feature (e.g., presence or absence, location, correlation, etc.) or a molecule, cell, tissue or plant.
  • a microarray-based method for high-throughput monitoring of plant gene expression may be utilized to measure gene-specific hybridization targets.
  • This ‘chip’-based approach involves using microarrays of nucleic acid molecules as gene-specific hybridization targets to quantitatively measure expression of the corresponding plant genes (Schena et al., Science 270:467-470 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Shalon, Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford University (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Every nucleotide in a large sequence can be queried at the same time. Hybridization can be used to efficiently analyze nucleotide sequences.
  • microarray methods have been described. One method compares the sequences to be analyzed by hybridization to a set of oligonucleotides representing all possible subsequences (Bains and Smith, J. Theor. Biol. 135:303-307 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). A second method hybridizes the sample to an array of oligonucleotide or cDNA molecules. An array consisting of oligonucleotides complementary to subsequences of a target sequence can be used to determine the identity of a target sequence, measure its amount and detect differences between the target and a reference sequence. Nucleic acid molecules microarrays may also be screened with protein molecules or fragments thereof to determine nucleic acid molecules that specifically bind protein molecules or fragments thereof.
  • microarray approach may be used with polypeptide targets (U.S. Pat. No. 5,445,934; U.S. Pat. No. 5,143,854; U.S. Pat. No. 5,079,600; U.S. Pat. No. 4,923,901, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • polypeptides are synthesized on a substrate (microarray) and these polypeptides can be screened with either protein molecules or fragments thereof or nucleic acid molecules in order to screen for either protein molecules or fragments thereof or nucleic acid molecules that specifically bind the target polypeptides. (Fodor et al., Science 251:767-773 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acid molecules or protein or fragments thereof of the present invention may be utilized in a microarray based method.
  • microarrays may be prepared that comprise nucleic acid molecules where such nucleic acid molecules encode at least one, preferably at least two, more preferably at least three transcription factors.
  • the nucleic acid molecules are selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • Site directed mutagenesis may be utilized to modify nucleic acid sequences, particularly as it is a technique that allows one or more of the amino acids encoded by a nucleic acid molecule to be altered (e.g. a threonine to be replaced by a methionine).
  • Three basic methods for site directed mutagenesis are often employed. These are cassette mutagenesis (Wells et al., Gene 34:315-323 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), primer extension (Gilliam et al., Gene 12:129-137 (1980), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Zoller and Smith, Methods Enzymol.
  • nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may either be modified by site directed mutagenesis or used as, for example, nucleic acid molecules that are used to target other nucleic acid molecules for modification. It is understood that mutants with more than one altered nucleotide can be constructed using techniques that practitioners are familiar with such as isolating restriction fragments and ligating such fragments into an expression vector (see, for example, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual , Cold Spring Harbor Press (1989)).
  • Sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins play a role in the regulation of transcription.
  • the isolation of recombinant cDNAs encoding these proteins facilitates the biochemical analysis of their structural and functional properties.
  • Genes encoding such DNA-binding proteins have been isolated using classical genetics (Vollbrecht et al., Nature 350: 241-243 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and molecular biochemical approaches, including the screening of recombinant cDNA libraries with antibodies (Landschulz et al., Genes Dev.
  • Two steps may be employed to characterize DNA-protein interactions.
  • the first is to identify promoter fragments that interact with DNA-binding proteins, to titrate binding activity, to determine the specificity of binding and to determine whether a given DNA-binding activity can interact with related DNA sequences (Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2 nd edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989)).
  • Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay is a widely used assay.
  • the assay provides a rapid and sensitive method for detecting DNA-binding proteins based on the observation that the mobility of a DNA fragment through a nondenaturing, low-ionic strength polyacrylamide gel is retarded upon association with a DNA-binding protein (Fried and Crother, Nucleic Acids Res. 9:6505-6525 (1981), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). When one or more specific binding activities have been identified, the exact sequence of the DNA bound by the protein may be determined. Several procedures for characterizing protein/DNA-binding sites are used, including methylation and ethylation interference assays (Maxam and Gilbert, Methods Enzymol.
  • nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be utilized to identify a protein or fragment thereof that specifically binds to a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention. It is also understood that one or more of the protein molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention may be utilized to identify a nucleic acid molecule that specifically binds to it.
  • a two-hybrid system is based on the fact that many cellular functions are carried out by proteins, such as transcription factors, that interact (physically) with one another. Two-hybrid systems have been used to probe the function of new proteins (Chien et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 88:9578-9582 (1991) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Durfee et al., Genes Dev. 7:555-569 (1993) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Choi et al., Cell 78:499-512 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Kranz et al., Genes Dev. 8:313-327 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Interaction mating techniques have facilitated a number of two-hybrid studies of protein-protein interaction. Interaction mating has been used to examine interactions between small sets of tens of proteins (Finley and Brent, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 91:12098-12984 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), larger sets of hundreds of proteins (Bendixen et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 22:1778-1779 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and to comprehensively map proteins encoded by a small genome (Bartel et al., Nature Genetics 12:72-77 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • This technique utilizes proteins fused to the DNA-binding domain and proteins fused to the activation domain. They are expressed in two different haploid yeast strains of opposite mating type and the strains are mated to determine if the two proteins interact. Mating occurs when haploid yeast strains come into contact and result in the fusion of the two haploids into a diploid yeast strain. An interaction can be determined by the activation of a two-hybrid reporter gene in the diploid strain. An advantage of this technique is that it reduces the number of yeast transformations needed to test individual interactions.
  • protein-protein interactions of protein or fragments thereof of the present invention may be investigated using the two-hybrid system and that any of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention that encode such proteins or fragments thereof may be used to transform yeast in the two-hybrid system.
  • Exogenous genetic material may be transferred into a plant cell and the plant cell regenerated into a whole, fertile or sterile plant.
  • Exogenous genetic material is any genetic material, whether naturally occurring or otherwise, from any source that is capable of being inserted into any organism.
  • Such genetic material may be transferred into either monocotyledons and dicotyledons including, but not limited to maize (pp 63-69), soybean (pp 50-60), Arabidopsis (p 45), phaseolus (pp 47-49), peanut (pp 49-50), alfalfa (p 60), wheat (pp 69-71), rice (pp 72-79), oat (pp 80-81), sorghum (p 83), rye (p 84), tritordeum (p 84), millet (p 85), fescue (p 85), perennial ryegrass (p 86), sugarcane (p 87), cranberry (p 101), papaya (pp 101-102), banana (p 103), banana (p 103), muskmelon (p 104), apple (p 104), cucumber (p 105), dendrobium (p 109), gladiolus (p 110), chrysanthemum (p 110), liliacea (p 111), cotton (pp 113-114
  • Transfer of a nucleic acid that encodes for a protein can result in overexpression of that protein in a transformed cell or transgenic plant.
  • One or more of the proteins or fragments thereof encoded by nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be overexpressed in a transformed cell or transformed plant.
  • any of the transcription factors or fragments thereof may be overexpressed in a transformed cell or transgenic plant.
  • Such overexpression may be the result of transient or stable transfer of the exogenous genetic material.
  • Exogenous genetic material may be transferred into a plant cell and the plant cell by the use of a DNA vector or construct designed for such a purpose. Design of such a vector is generally within the skill of the art (See, Plant Molecular Biology: A Laboratory Manual , Clark (ed.), Springier, N.Y. (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • a construct or vector may include a plant promoter to express the protein or protein fragment of choice.
  • a plant promoter to express the protein or protein fragment of choice.
  • a number of promoters which are active in plant cells have been described in the literature. These include the nopaline synthase (NOS) promoter (Ebert et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci .
  • NOS nopaline synthase
  • OCS octopine synthase
  • CaMV cauliflower mosaic virus
  • Promoters which are known or are found to cause transcription of DNA in plant cells can be used in the present invention. Such promoters may be obtained from a variety of sources such as plants and plant viruses. It is preferred that the particular promoter selected should be capable of causing sufficient expression to result in the production of an effective amount of the transcription factor to cause the desired phenotype. In addition to promoters that are known to cause transcription of DNA in plant cells, other promoters may be identified for use in the current invention by screening a plant cDNA library for genes which are selectively or preferably expressed in the target tissues or cells.
  • promoters utilized in the present invention have relatively high expression in these specific tissues.
  • promoters for genes with tissue- or cell-specific or -enhanced expression. Examples of such promoters reported in the literature include the chloroplast glutamine synthetase GS2 promoter from pea (Edwards et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci .
  • ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RbcS) promoter from eastern larch ( Larix laricina ), the promoter for the cab gene, cab6, from pine (Yamamoto et al., Plant Cell Physiol. 35:773-778 (1994), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the promoter for the Cab-1 gene from wheat (Fejes et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 15:921-932 (1990), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the promoter for the CAB-1 gene from spinach (Lubberstedt et al., Plant Physiol.
  • RbcS ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase
  • promoters for the chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins may also be utilized in the present invention, such as the promoters for LhcB gene and PsbP gene from white mustard (Sinapis alba; Kretsch et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 28:219-229 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the promoters utilized in the present invention have relatively high expression in these specific tissues.
  • a number of promoters for genes with tuber-specific or -enhanced expression are known, including the class I patatin promoter (Bevan et al., EMBO J. 8:1899-1906 (1986); Jefferson et al., Plant Mol. Biol.
  • the promoter for the potato tuber ADPGPP genes both the large and small subunits
  • the sucrose synthase promoter (Salanoubat and Belliard, Gene. 60:47-56 (1987), Salanoubat and Belliard, Gene. 84:181-185 (1989), both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety)
  • the promoter for the major tuber proteins including the 22 kd protein complexes and proteinase inhibitors (Hannapel, Plant Physiol.
  • promoters can also be used to express a transcription factor or fragment thereof in specific tissues, such as seeds or fruits.
  • the promoter for ⁇ -conglycinin Choen et al., Dev. Genet. 10: 112-122 (1989), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety
  • other seed-specific promoters such as the napin and phaseolin promoters
  • the zeins are a group of storage proteins found in maize endosperm.
  • Genomic clones for zein genes have been isolated (Pedersen et al., Cell 29:1015-1026 (1982), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety) and the promoters from these clones, including the 15 kD, 16 kD, 19 kD, 22 kD, 27 kD and ⁇ genes, could also be used.
  • Other promoters known to function, for example, in maize include the promoters for the following genes: waxy, Brittle, Shrunken 2, Branching enzymes I and II, starch synthases, debranching enzymes, oleosins, glutelins and sucrose synthases.
  • a particularly preferred promoter for maize endosperm expression is the promoter for the glutelin gene from rice, more particularly the Osgt-1 promoter (Zheng et al., Mol Cell Biol. 13:5829-5842 (1993), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety).
  • promoters suitable for expression in wheat include those promoters for the ADPglucose pyrosynthase (ADPGPP) subunits, the granule bound and other starch synthase, the branching and debranching enzymes, the embryogenesis-abundant proteins, the gliadins and the glutenins.
  • ADPGPP ADPglucose pyrosynthase
  • promoters in rice include those promoters for the ADPGPP subunits, the granule bound and other starch synthase, the branching enzymes, the debranching enzymes, sucrose synthases and the glutelins.
  • a particularly preferred promoter is the promoter for rice glutelin, Osgt-1.
  • promoters for barley include those for the ADPGPP subunits, the granule bound and other starch synthase, the branching enzymes, the debranching enzymes, sucrose synthases, the hordeins, the embryo globulins and the aleurone specific proteins.
  • Root specific promoters may also be used.
  • An example of such a promoter is the promoter for the acid chitinase gene (Samac et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 25:587-596 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Expression in root tissue could also be accomplished by utilizing the root specific subdomains of the CaMV35S promoter that have been identified (Lam et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 86:7890-7894 (1989), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety).
  • Other root cell specific promoters include those reported by Conkling et al. (Conkling et al., Plant Physiol. 93:1203-1211 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Constructs or vectors may also include with the coding region of interest a nucleic acid sequence that acts, in whole or in part, to terminate transcription of that region.
  • a nucleic acid sequence that acts, in whole or in part, to terminate transcription of that region.
  • sequences have been isolated including the Tr7 3′ sequence and the NOS 3′ sequence (Ingelbrecht et al., The Plant Cell 1:671-680 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Bevan et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 11:369-385 (1983), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), or the like.
  • a vector or construct may also include regulatory elements.
  • regulatory elements include the Adh intron 1 (Callis et al., Genes and Develop. 1:1183-1200 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), the sucrose synthase intron (Vasil et al., Plant Physiol. 91:1575-1579 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and the TMV omega element (Gallie et al., The Plant Cell 1:301-311 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). These and other regulatory elements may be included when appropriate.
  • a vector or construct may also include a selectable marker.
  • Selectable markers may also be used to select for plants or plant cells that contain the exogenous genetic material. Examples of such include, but are not limited to, a neo gene (Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet.
  • a vector or construct may also include a transit peptide. Incorporation of a suitable chloroplast transit peptide may also be employed (European Patent Application Publication Number 0218571, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Translational enhancers may also be incorporated as part of the vector DNA.
  • DNA constructs could contain one or more 5′ non-translated leader sequences which may serve to enhance expression of the gene products from the resulting mRNA transcripts. Such sequences may be derived from the promoter selected to express the gene or can be specifically modified to increase translation of the mRNA. Such regions may also be obtained from viral RNAs, from suitable eukaryotic genes, or from a synthetic gene sequence. For a review of optimizing expression of transgenes, see Koziel et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 32:393-405 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • a vector or construct may also include a screenable marker.
  • Screenable markers may be used to monitor expression.
  • Exemplary screenable markers include a ⁇ -glucuronidase or uidA gene (GUS) which encodes an enzyme for which various chromogenic substrates are known (Jefferson, Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 5:387-405 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Jefferson et al., EMBO J.
  • selectable or screenable marker genes are also genes which encode a secretable marker whose secretion can be detected as a means of identifying or selecting for transformed cells. Examples include markers which encode a secretable antigen that can be identified by antibody interaction, or even secretable enzymes which can be detected catalytically.
  • Secretable proteins fall into a number of classes, including small, diffusible proteins which are detectable, (e.g., by ELISA), small active enzymes which are detectable in extracellular solution (e.g., ⁇ -amylase, ⁇ -lactamase, phosphinothricin transferase), or proteins which are inserted or trapped in the cell wall (such as proteins which include a leader sequence such as that found in the expression unit of extension or tobacco PR-S).
  • small active enzymes which are detectable in extracellular solution
  • proteins which are inserted or trapped in the cell wall such as proteins which include a leader sequence such as that found in the expression unit of extension or tobacco PR-S.
  • proteins which include a leader sequence such as that found in the expression unit of extension or tobacco PR-S.
  • Other possible selectable and/or screenable marker genes will be apparent to those of skill in the art.
  • nucleic acid molecules may be introduced into a cell, such as by Agrobacterium infection or direct delivery of nucleic acid molecules such as, for example, by PEG-mediated transformation, by electroporation or by acceleration of DNA coated particles, etc (Potrykus, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 42:205-225 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Vasil, Plant Mol. Biol. 25:925-937 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • electroporation has been used to transform maize protoplasts (Fromm et al., Nature 312:791-793 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • vector systems suitable for introducing transforming DNA into a host plant cell include but are not limited to binary artificial chromosome (BIBAC) vectors (Hamilton et al., Gene 200:107-116 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); and transfection with RNA viral vectors (Della-Cioppa et al., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci . (1996), 792 (Engineering Plants for Commercial Products and Applications), 57-61, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Additional vector systems also include plant selectable YAC vectors such as those described in Mullen et al., Molecular Breeding 4:449-457 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Acceleration methods include, for example, microprojectile bombardment and the like.
  • microprojectile bombardment One example of a method for delivering transforming nucleic acid molecules to plant cells is microprojectile bombardment. This method has been reviewed by Yang and Christou (eds.), Particle Bombardment Technology for Gene Transfer , Oxford Press, Oxford, England (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Non-biological particles that may be coated with nucleic acids and delivered into cells by a propelling force.
  • Exemplary particles include those comprised of tungsten, gold, platinum and the like.
  • a particular advantage of microprojectile bombardment in addition to it being an effective means of reproducibly transforming monocots, is that neither the isolation of protoplasts (Cristou et al., Plant Physiol. 87:671-674 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) nor the susceptibility of Agrobacterium infection are required.
  • An illustrative embodiment of a method for delivering DNA into maize cells by acceleration is a biolistics ⁇ -particle delivery system, which can be used to propel particles coated with DNA through a screen, such as a stainless steel or Nytex screen, onto a filter surface covered with corn cells cultured in suspension.
  • Gordon-Kamm et al. describes the basic procedure for coating tungsten particles with DNA (Gordon-Kamm et al., Plant Cell 2:603-618 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the screen disperses the tungsten nucleic acid particles so that they are not delivered to the recipient cells in large aggregates.
  • a particle delivery system suitable for use with the present invention is the helium acceleration PDS-1000/He gun is available from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Bio-Rad, Hercules, Calif.) (Sanford et al., Technique 3:3-16 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • cells in suspension may be concentrated on filters.
  • Filters containing the cells to be bombarded are positioned at an appropriate distance below the microprojectile stopping plate. If desired, one or more screens are also positioned between the gun and the cells to be bombarded.
  • immature embryos or other target cells may be arranged on solid culture medium.
  • the cells to be bombarded are positioned at an appropriate distance below the microprojectile stopping plate.
  • one or more screens are also positioned between the acceleration device and the cells to be bombarded.
  • bombardment transformation one may optimize the pre-bombardment culturing conditions and the bombardment parameters to yield the maximum numbers of stable transformants.
  • Both the physical and biological parameters for bombardment are important in this technology. Physical factors are those that involve manipulating the DNA/microprojectile precipitate or those that affect the flight and velocity of either the macro- or microprojectiles.
  • Biological factors include all steps involved in manipulation of cells before and immediately after bombardment, the osmotic adjustment of target cells to help alleviate the trauma associated with bombardment and also the nature of the transforming DNA, such as linearized DNA or intact supercoiled plasmids. It is believed that pre-bombardment manipulations are especially important for successful transformation of immature embryos.
  • plastids can be stably transformed.
  • Methods disclosed for plastid transformation in higher plants include the particle gun delivery of DNA containing a selectable marker and targeting of the DNA to the plastid genome through homologous recombination (Svab et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 87:8526-8530 (1990); Svab and Maliga, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 90:913-917 (1993); Staub and Maliga, EMBO J. 12:601-606 (1993); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,451,513 and 5,545,818, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • the execution of other routine adjustments will be known to those of skill in the art in light of the present disclosure.
  • Agrobacterium -mediated transfer is a widely applicable system for introducing genes into plant cells because the DNA can be introduced into whole plant tissues, thereby bypassing the need for regeneration of an intact plant from a protoplast.
  • the use of Agrobacterium -mediated plant integrating vectors to introduce DNA into plant cells is well known in the art. See, for example the methods described by Fraley et al., Bio/Technology 3:629-635 (1985) and Rogers et al., Methods Enzymol. 153:253-277 (1987), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. Further, the integration of the Ti-DNA is a relatively precise process resulting in few rearrangements. The region of DNA to be transferred is defined by the border sequences and intervening DNA is usually inserted into the plant genome as described (Seemann et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 205:34 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Modern Agrobacterium transformation vectors are capable of replication in E. coli as well as Agrobacterium , allowing for convenient manipulations as described (Klee et al., In: Plant DNA Infectious Agents , Hohn and Schell (eds.), Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 179-203 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • technological advances in vectors for Agrobacterium -mediated gene transfer have improved the arrangement of genes and restriction sites in the vectors to facilitate construction of vectors capable of expressing various polypeptide coding genes.
  • the vectors described have convenient multi-linker regions flanked by a promoter and a polyadenylation site for direct expression of inserted polypeptide coding genes and are suitable for present purposes (Rogers et al., Methods Enzymol. 153:253-277 (1987)).
  • Agrobacterium containing both armed and disarmed Ti genes can be used for the transformations. In those plant strains where Agrobacterium -mediated transformation is efficient, it is the method of choice because of the facile and defined nature of the gene transfer.
  • a transgenic plant formed using Agrobacterium transformation methods typically contains a single gene on one chromosome. Such transgenic plants can be referred to as being heterozygous for the added gene. More preferred is a transgenic plant that is homozygous for the added structural gene; i.e., a transgenic plant that contains two added genes, one gene at the same locus on each chromosome of a chromosome pair.
  • a homozygous transgenic plant can be obtained by sexually mating (selfing) an independent segregant transgenic plant that contains a single added gene, germinating some of the seed produced and analyzing the resulting plants produced for the gene of interest.
  • transgenic plants can also be mated to produce offspring that contain two independently segregating added, exogenous genes. Selfing of appropriate progeny can produce plants that are homozygous for both added, exogenous genes that encode a polypeptide of interest. Back-crossing to a parental plant and out-crossing with a non-transgenic plant are also contemplated, as is vegetative propagation.
  • Transformation of plant protoplasts can be achieved using methods based on calcium phosphate precipitation, polyethylene glycol treatment, electroporation and combinations of these treatments (See, for example, Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 205:193-200 (1986); Lorz et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 199:178 (1985); Fromm et al., Nature 319:791 (1986); Uchimiya et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 204:204 (1986); Marcotte et al., Nature 335:454-457 (1988), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • DNA is carried through the cell wall and into the cytoplasm on the surface of small metal particles as described (Klein et al., Nature 328:70 (1987); Klein et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 85:8502-8505 (1988); McCabe et al., Bio/Technology 6:923 (1988), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • the metal particles penetrate through several layers of cells and thus allow the transformation of cells within tissue explants.
  • This regeneration and growth process typically includes the steps of selection of transformed cells, culturing those individualized cells through the usual stages of embryonic development through the rooted plantlet stage. Transgenic embryos and seeds are similarly regenerated. The resulting transgenic rooted shoots are thereafter planted in an appropriate plant growth medium such as soil.
  • the development or regeneration of plants containing the foreign, exogenous gene that encodes a protein of interest is well known in the art.
  • the regenerated plants are self-pollinated to provide homozygous transgenic plants. Otherwise, pollen obtained from the regenerated plants is crossed to seed-grown plants of agronomically important lines. Conversely, pollen from plants of these important lines is used to pollinate regenerated plants.
  • a transgenic plant of the present invention containing a desired polypeptide is cultivated using methods well known to one skilled in the art.
  • Transformation of monocotyledons using electroporation, particle bombardment and Agrobacterium have also been reported. Transformation and plant regeneration have been achieved in asparagus (Bytebier et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( USA ) 84:5354 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); barley (Wan and Lemaux, Plant Physiol 104:37 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); maize (Rhodes et al., Science 240:204 (1988); Gordon-Kamm et al., Plant Cell 2:603-618 (1990); Fromm et al., Bio/Technology 8:833 (1990); Koziel et al., Bio/Technology 11:194 (1993); Armstrong et al., Crop Science 35:550-557 (1995); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety); oat (Somers et al., Bio/Technology 10:1589
  • Transient expression systems may be used to functionally dissect gene constructs (see generally, Mailga et al., Methods in Plant Molecular Biology , Cold Spring Harbor Press (1995)).
  • Cosuppression is the reduction in expression levels, usually at the level of RNA, of a particular endogenous gene or gene family by the expression of a homologous sense construct that is capable of transcribing mRNA of the same strandedness as the transcript of the endogenous gene (Napoli et al., Plant Cell 2:279-289 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; van der Krol et al., Plant Cell 2:291-299 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Cosuppression may result from stable transformation with a single copy nucleic acid molecule that is homologous to a nucleic acid sequence found with the cell (Prolls and Meyer, Plant J.
  • Cosuppression may require the coordinate transcription of the transgene and the endogenous gene and can be reset by a developmental control mechanism (Jorgensen, Trends Biotechnol. 8:340-344 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Meins and Kunz, In: Gene Inactivation and Homologous Recombination in Plants , Paszkowski (ed.), pp. 335-348, Kluwer Academic, Netherlands (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • nucleic acids of the present invention may be introduced into a plant cell and transcribed using an appropriate promoter with such transcription resulting in the cosuppression of an endogenous transcription factor.
  • Antisense approaches are a way of preventing or reducing gene function by targeting the genetic material (Mol et al., FEBS Lett. 268:427-430 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the objective of the antisense approach is to use a sequence complementary to the target gene to block its expression and create a mutant cell line or organism in which the level of a single chosen protein is selectively reduced or abolished.
  • Antisense techniques have several advantages over other ‘reverse genetic’ approaches. The site of inactivation and its developmental effect can be manipulated by the choice of promoter for antisense genes or by the timing of external application or microinjection.
  • Antisense can manipulate its specificity by selecting either unique regions of the target gene or regions where it shares homology to other related genes (Hiatt et al., In: Genetic Engineering , Setlow (ed.), Vol. 11, New York: Plenum 49-63 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • RNA that is complementary to the target mRNA is introduced into cells, resulting in specific RNA:RNA duplexes being formed by base pairing between the antisense substrate and the target mRNA (Green et al., Annu. Rev. Biochem. 55:569-597 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the process involves the introduction and expression of an antisense gene sequence.
  • Such a sequence is one in which part or all of the normal gene sequences are placed under a promoter in inverted orientation so that the ‘wrong’ or complementary strand is transcribed into a noncoding antisense RNA that hybridizes with the target mRNA and interferes with its expression (Takayama and Inouye, Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 25:155-184 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • An antisense vector is constructed by standard procedures and introduced into cells by transformation, transfection, electroporation, microinjection, infection, etc. The type of transformation and choice of vector will determine whether expression is transient or stable.
  • the promoter used for the antisense gene may influence the level, timing, tissue, specificity, or inducibility of the antisense inhibition.
  • the activity of a transcription factor in a plant cell may be reduced or depressed by growing a transformed plant cell containing a nucleic acid molecule whose non-transcribed strand encodes a transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • Antibodies have been expressed in plants (Hiatt et al., Nature 342:76-78 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Conrad and Fielder, Plant Mol. Biol. 26:1023-1030 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Cytoplasmic expression of a scFv (single-chain Fv antibodies) has been reported to delay infection by artichoke mottled crinkle virus. Transgenic plants that express antibodies directed against endogenous proteins may exhibit a physiological effect (Philips et al., EMBO J.
  • Antibodies that are catalytic may also be expressed in plants (abzymes).
  • abzymes The principle behind abzymes is that since antibodies may be raised against many molecules, this recognition ability can be directed toward generating antibodies that bind transition states to force a chemical reaction forward (Persidas, Nature Biotechnology 15:1313-1315 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Baca et al., Ann. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 26:461-493 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • the catalytic abilities of abzymes may be enhanced by site directed mutagenesis. Examples of abzymes are, for example, set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 5,658,753; U.S. Pat. No.
  • any of the antibodies of the present invention may be expressed in plants and that such expression can result in a physiological effect. It is also understood that any of the expressed antibodies may be catalytic.
  • the present invention also relates to a fungal recombinant vector comprising exogenous genetic material.
  • the present invention also relates to a fungal cell comprising a fungal recombinant vector.
  • the present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant fungal host cell comprising introducing into a fungal host cell exogenous genetic material.
  • Exogenous genetic material may be transferred into a fungal cell.
  • the exogenous genetic material includes a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either or other nucleic acid molecule of the present invention.
  • the fungal recombinant vector may be any vector which can be conveniently subjected to recombinant DNA procedures. The choice of a vector will typically depend on the compatibility of the vector with the fungal host cell into which the vector is to be introduced.
  • the vector may be a linear or a closed circular plasmid.
  • the vector system may be a single vector or plasmid or two or more vectors or plasmids which together contain the total DNA to be introduced into the genome of the fungal host.
  • the fungal vector may be an autonomously replicating vector, i.e., a vector which exists as an extrachromosomal entity, the replication of which is independent of chromosomal replication, e.g., a plasmid, an extrachromosomal element, a minichromosome, or an artificial chromosome.
  • the vector may contain any means for assuring self-replication.
  • the vector may be one which, when introduced into the fungal cell, is integrated into the genome and replicated together with the chromosome(s) into which it has been integrated.
  • the vector may rely on the nucleic acid sequence of the vector for stable integration of the vector into the genome by homologous or nonhomologous recombination.
  • the vector may contain additional nucleic acid sequences for directing integration by homologous recombination into the genome of the fungal host.
  • the additional nucleic acid sequences enable the vector to be integrated into the host cell genome at a precise location(s) in the chromosome(s).
  • there should be preferably two nucleic acid sequences which individually contain a sufficient number of nucleic acids, preferably 400 bp to 1500 bp, more preferably 800 bp to 1000 bp, which are highly homologous with the corresponding target sequence to enhance the probability of homologous recombination.
  • These nucleic acid sequences may be any sequence that is homologous with a target sequence in the genome of the fungal host cell and, furthermore, may be non-encoding or encoding sequences.
  • the vector may further comprise an origin of replication enabling the vector to replicate autonomously in the host cell in question.
  • origin of replications for use in a yeast host cell are the 2 micron origin of replication and the combination of CEN3 and ARS 1. Any origin of replication may be used which is compatible with the fungal host cell of choice.
  • the fungal vectors of the present invention preferably contain one or more selectable markers which permit easy selection of transformed cells.
  • a selectable marker is a gene the product of which provides, for example biocide or viral resistance, resistance to heavy metals, prototrophy to auxotrophs and the like.
  • the selectable marker may be selected from the group including, but not limited to, amdS (acetamidase), argB (ornithine carbamoyltransferase), bar (phosphinothricin acetyltransferase), hygB (hygromycin phosphotransferase), niaD (nitrate reductase), pyrG (orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase) and sC (sulfate adenyltransferase) and trpC (anthranilate synthase).
  • amdS acetamidase
  • argB ornithine carbamoyltransferase
  • bar phosphinothricin acetyltransferase
  • hygB hygromycin phosphotransferase
  • niaD nitrate reductase
  • pyrG orotidine-5′-
  • a nucleic acid sequence of the present invention may be operably linked to a suitable promoter sequence.
  • the promoter sequence is a nucleic acid sequence which is recognized by the fungal host cell for expression of the nucleic acid sequence.
  • the promoter sequence contains transcription and translation control sequences which mediate the expression of the protein or fragment thereof.
  • a promoter may be any nucleic acid sequence which shows transcriptional activity in the fungal host cell of choice and may be obtained from genes encoding polypeptides either homologous or heterologous to the host cell.
  • suitable promoters for directing the transcription of a nucleic acid construct of the invention in a filamentous fungal host are promoters obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase, Rhizomucor miehei aspartic proteinase, Aspergillus niger neutral alpha-amylase, Aspergillus niger acid stable alpha-amylase, Aspergillus niger or Aspergillus awamori glucoamylase (glaA), Rhizomucor miehei lipase, Aspergillus oryzae alkaline protease, Aspergillus oryzae triose phosphate isomerase, Aspergillus nidulans acetamidase and hybrid
  • a useful promoter is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae enolase (eno-1) promoter.
  • Particularly preferred promoters are the TAKA amylase, NA2-tpi (a hybrid of the promoters from the genes encoding Aspergillus niger neutral alpha-amylase and Aspergillus oryzae triose phosphate isomerase) and glaA promoters.
  • a protein or fragment thereof encoding nucleic acid molecule of the present invention may also be operably linked to a terminator sequence at its 3′ terminus.
  • the terminator sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any terminator which is functional in the fungal host cell of choice may be used in the present invention, but particularly preferred terminators are obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase, Aspergillus niger glucoamylase, Aspergillus nidulans anthranilate synthase, Aspergillus niger alpha-glucosidase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae enolase.
  • a protein or fragment thereof encoding nucleic acid molecule of the present invention may also be operably linked to a suitable leader sequence.
  • a leader sequence is a nontranslated region of a mRNA which is important for translation by the fungal host.
  • the leader sequence is operably linked to the 5′ terminus of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof.
  • the leader sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any leader sequence which is functional in the fungal host cell of choice may be used in the present invention, but particularly preferred leaders are obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase and Aspergillus oryzae triose phosphate isomerase.
  • a polyadenylation sequence may also be operably linked to the 3′ terminus of the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention.
  • the polyadenylation sequence is a sequence which when transcribed is recognized by the fungal host to add polyadenosine residues to transcribed mRNA.
  • the polyadenylation sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources.
  • polyadenylation sequence which is functional in the fungal host of choice may be used in the present invention, but particularly preferred polyadenylation sequences are obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase, Aspergillus niger glucoamylase, Aspergillus nidulans anthranilate synthase and Aspergillus niger alpha-glucosidase.
  • a protein or fragment thereof of the present invention may be linked to a signal peptide linked to the amino terminus of the protein or fragment thereof.
  • a signal peptide is an amino acid sequence which permits the secretion of the protein or fragment thereof from the fungal host into the culture medium.
  • the signal peptide may be native to the protein or fragment thereof of the invention or may be obtained from foreign sources.
  • the 5′ end of the coding sequence of the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention may inherently contain a signal peptide coding region naturally linked in translation reading frame with the segment of the coding region which encodes the secreted protein or fragment thereof.
  • the 5′ end of the coding sequence may contain a signal peptide coding region which is foreign to that portion of the coding sequence which encodes the secreted protein or fragment thereof.
  • the foreign signal peptide may be required where the coding sequence does not normally contain a signal peptide coding region.
  • the foreign signal peptide may simply replace the natural signal peptide to obtain enhanced secretion of the desired protein or fragment thereof.
  • the foreign signal peptide coding region may be obtained from a glucoamylase or an amylase gene from an Aspergillus species, a lipase or proteinase gene from Rhizomucor miehei , the gene for the alpha-factor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae , or the calf preprochymosin gene.
  • An effective signal peptide for fungal host cells is the Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase signal, Aspergillus niger neutral amylase signal, the Rhizomucor miehei aspartic proteinase signal, the Humicola lanuginosus cellulase signal, or the Rhizomucor miehei lipase signal.
  • any signal peptide capable of permitting secretion of the protein or fragment thereof in a fungal host of choice may be used in the present invention.
  • a protein or fragment thereof encoding nucleic acid molecule of the present invention may also be linked to a propeptide coding region.
  • a propeptide is an amino acid sequence found at the amino terminus of aproprotein or proenzyme. Cleavage of the propeptide from the proprotein yields a mature biochemically active protein. The resulting polypeptide is known as a propolypeptide or proenzyme (or a zymogen in some cases).
  • Propolypeptides are generally inactive and can be converted to mature active polypeptides by catalytic or autocatalytic cleavage of the propeptide from the propolypeptide or proenzyme.
  • the propeptide coding region may be native to the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. The foreign propeptide coding region may be obtained from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-factor gene or Myceliophthora thermophila laccase gene (WO 95/33836, the entirety of which is herein incorporated
  • the present invention also relates to recombinant fungal host cells produced by the methods of the present invention which are advantageously used with the recombinant vector of the present invention.
  • the cell is preferably transformed with a vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence of the invention followed by integration of the vector into the host chromosome.
  • the choice of fungal host cells will to a large extent depend upon the gene encoding the protein or fragment thereof and its source.
  • the fungal host cell may, for example, be a yeast cell or a filamentous fungal cell.
  • yeast as used herein includes Ascosporogenous yeast (Endomycetales), Basidiosporogenous yeast and yeast belonging to the Fungi Imperfecti (Blastomycetes).
  • the Ascosporogenous yeasts are divided into the families Spermophthoraceae and Saccharomycetaceae. The latter is comprised of four subfamilies, Schizosaccharomycoideae (for example, genus Schizosaccharomyces ), Nadsonioideae, Lipomycoideae and Saccharomycoideae (for example, genera Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Saccharomyces ).
  • the Basidiosporogenous yeasts include the genera Leucosporidim, Rhodosporidium, Sporidiobolus, Filobasidium and Filobasidiella .
  • Yeast belonging to the Fungi Imperfecti are divided into two families, Sporobolomycetaceae (for example, genera Sorobolomyces and Bullera ) and Cryptococcaceae (for example, genus Candida ). Since the classification of yeast may change in the future, for the purposes of this invention, yeast shall be defined as described in Biology and Activities of Yeast (Skinner et al., Soc. App. Bacteriol. Symposium Series No. 9, (1980), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • yeast and manipulation of yeast genetics are well known in the art (see, for example, Biochemistry and Genetics of Yeast , Bacil et al. (ed.), 2nd edition, 1987; The Yeasts , Rose and Harrison (eds.), 2nd ed., (1987); and The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces , Strathern et al. (eds.), (1981), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • “Fungi” as used herein includes the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota (as defined by Hawksworth et al., In: Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of The Fungi, 8th edition, 1995, CAB International, University Press, Cambridge, UK; the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) as well as the Oomycota (as cited in Hawksworth et al., In: Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of The Fungi, 8th edition, 1995, CAB International, University Press, Cambridge, UK) and all mitosporic fungi (Hawksworth et al., In: Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of The Fungi, 8th edition, 1995, CAB International, University Press, Cambridge, UK).
  • Basidiomycota include mushrooms, rusts and smuts.
  • Representative groups of Chytridiomycota include, for example, Allomyces, Blastocladiella, Coelomomyces and aquatic fungi.
  • Representative groups of Oomycota include, for example, Saprolegniomycetous aquatic fungi (water molds) such as Achlya .
  • Examples of mitosporic fungi include Aspergillus , Penicilliun, Candida and Alternaria .
  • Representative groups of Zygomycota include, for example, Rhizopus and Mucor.
  • “Filamentous fungi” include all filamentous forms of the subdivision Eumycota and Oomycota (as defined by Hawksworth et al., In: Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of The Fungi, 8th edition, 1995, CAB International, University Press, Cambridge, UK).
  • the filamentous fungi are characterized by a vegetative mycelium composed of chitin, cellulose, glucan, chitosan, mannan and other complex polysaccharides. Vegetative growth is by hyphal elongation and carbon catabolism is obligately aerobic. In contrast, vegetative growth by yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae is by budding of a unicellular thallus and carbon catabolism may be fermentative.
  • the fungal host cell is a yeast cell.
  • the yeast host cell is a cell of the species of Candida, Kluyveromyces, Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Pichia and Yarrowia .
  • the yeast host cell is a Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell, a Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, Saccharomyces diastaticus cell, a Saccharomyces douglasii cell, a Saccharomyces kluyveri cell, a Saccharomyces norbensis cell, or a Saccharomyces oviformis cell.
  • the yeast host cell is a Kluyveromyces lactis cell.
  • the yeast host cell is a Yarrowia lipolytica cell.
  • the fungal host cell is a filamentous fungal cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a cell of the species of, but not limited to, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Humicola, Myceliophthora, Mucor, Neurospora, Penicillium, Thielavia, Tolypocladium and Trichoderma .
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is an Aspergillus cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is an Acremonium cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a Fusarium cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a Humicola cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a Myceliophthora cell. In another even preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Mucor cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Neurospora cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Penicillium cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Thielavia cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Tolypocladiun cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Trichoderma cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is an Aspergillus oryzae cell, an Aspergillus niger cell, an Aspergillus foetidus cell, or an Aspergillus japonicus cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a Fusarium oxysporum cell or a Fusarium graminearum cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a Humicola insolens cell or a Humicola lanuginosus cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a Myceliophthora thermophila cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a Mucor miehei cell.
  • the filamentous fungal host cell is a Neurospora crassa cell. In a most preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Penicillium purpurogenum cell. In another most preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Thielavia terrestris cell. In another most preferred embodiment, the Trichoderma cell is a Trichoderma reesei cell, a Trichoderma viride cell, a Trichoderma longibrachiatum cell, a Trichoderma harzianum cell, or a Trichoderma koningii cell. In a preferred embodiment, the fungal host cell is selected from an A. nidulans cell, an A. niger cell, an A. oryzae cell and an A. sojae cell. In a further preferred embodiment, the fungal host cell is an A. nidulans cell.
  • the recombinant fungal host cells of the present invention may further comprise one or more sequences which encode one or more factors that are advantageous in the expression of the protein or fragment thereof, for example, an activator (e.g., a trans-acting factor), a chaperone and a processing protease.
  • an activator e.g., a trans-acting factor
  • a chaperone e.g., a processing protease.
  • the nucleic acids encoding one or more of these factors are preferably not operably linked to the nucleic acid encoding the protein or fragment thereof.
  • An activator is a protein which activates transcription of a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide (Kudla et al., EMBO 9:1355-1364 (1990); Jarai and Buxton, Current Genetics 26:2238-244 (1994); Verdier, Yeast 6:271-297 (1990), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding an activator may be obtained from the genes encoding Saccharomyces cerevisiae heme activator protein 1 (hap 1), Saccharomyces cerevisiae galactose metabolizing protein 4 (gal4) and Aspergillus nidulans ammonia regulation protein (areA).
  • a chaperone is a protein which assists another protein in folding properly (Hartl et al., TIBS 19:20-25 (1994); Bergeron et al., TIBS 19:124-128 (1994); Demolder et al., J. Biotechnology 32:179-189 (1994); Craig, Science 260:1902-1903 (1993); Gething and Sambrook, Nature 355:33-45 (1992); Puig and Gilbert, J. Biol. Chem.
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding a chaperone may be obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae protein disulphide isomerase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae calnexin, Saccharomyces cerevisiae BiP/GRP78 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hsp70. For further examples, see Gething and Sambrook, Nature 355:33-45 (1992); Hartl et al., TIBS 19:20-25 (1994).
  • a processing protease is a protease that cleaves a propeptide to generate a mature biochemically active polypeptide (Enderlin and Ogrydziak, Yeast 10:67-79 (1994); Fuller et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 86:1434-1438 (1989); Julius et al., Cell 37:1075-1089 (1984); Julius et al., Cell 32:839-852 (1983), all of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding a processing protease may be obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus niger Kex2, Saccharomyces cerevisiae dipeptidylaminopeptidase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kex2 and Yarrowia lipolytica dibasic processing endoprotease (xpr6). Any factor that is functional in the fungal host cell of choice may be used in the present invention.
  • Fungal cells may be transformed by a process involving protoplast formation, transformation of the protoplasts and regeneration of the cell wall in a manner known per se.
  • Suitable procedures for transformation of Aspergillus host cells are described in EP 238 023 and Yelton et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 81:1470-1474 (1984), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • a suitable method of transforming Fusarium species is described by Malardier et al., Gene 78:147-156 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • Yeast may be transformed using the procedures described by Becker and Guarente, In: Abelson and Simon, (eds.), Guide to Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology, Methods Enzymol . Volume 194, pp 182-187, Academic Press, Inc., New York; Ito et al., J. Bacteriology 153:163 (1983); Hinnen et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( U.S.A .) 75:1920 (1978), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • the present invention also relates to methods of producing the protein or fragment thereof comprising culturing the recombinant fungal host cells under conditions conducive for expression of the protein or fragment thereof.
  • the fungal cells of the present invention are cultivated in a nutrient medium suitable for production of the protein or fragment thereof using methods known in the art.
  • the cell may be cultivated by shake flask cultivation, small-scale or large-scale fermentation (including continuous, batch, fed-batch, or solid state fermentations) in laboratory or industrial fermentors performed in a suitable medium and under conditions allowing the protein or fragment thereof to be expressed and/or isolated.
  • the cultivation takes place in a suitable nutrient medium comprising carbon and nitrogen sources and inorganic salts, using procedures known in the art (see, e.g., Bennett and LaSure (eds.), More Gene Manipulations in Fungi , Academic Press, CA, (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • suitable media are available from commercial suppliers or may be prepared according to published compositions (e.g., in catalogues of the American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, Va.). If the protein or fragment thereof is secreted into the nutrient medium, a protein or fragment thereof can be recovered directly from the medium. If the protein or fragment thereof is not secreted, it is recovered from cell lysates.
  • the expressed protein or fragment thereof may be detected using methods known in the art that are specific for the particular protein or fragment. These detection methods may include the use of specific antibodies, formation of an enzyme product, or disappearance of an enzyme substrate. For example, if the protein or fragment thereof has enzymatic activity, an enzyme assay may be used. Alternatively, if polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies specific to the protein or fragment thereof are available, immunoassays may be employed using the antibodies to the protein or fragment thereof. The techniques of enzyme assay and immunoassay are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the resulting protein or fragment thereof may be recovered by methods known in the arts.
  • the protein or fragment thereof may be recovered from the nutrient medium by conventional procedures including, but not limited to, centrifugation, filtration, extraction, spray-drying, evaporation, or precipitation.
  • the recovered protein or fragment thereof may then be further purified by a variety of chromatographic procedures, e.g., ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, affinity chromatography, or the like.
  • the present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant mammalian host cell, comprising introducing into a mammalian host cell exogenous genetic material.
  • the present invention also relates to a mammalian cell comprising a mammalian recombinant vector.
  • the present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant mammalian host cell, comprising introducing into a mammalian cell exogenous genetic material.
  • the exogenous genetic material includes a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either or other nucleic acid molecule of the present invention.
  • Mammalian cell lines available as hosts for expression are known in the art and include many immortalized cell lines available from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, Va.), such as HeLa cells, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells and a number of other cell lines. Suitable promoters for mammalian cells are also known in the art and include viral promoters such as that from Simian Virus 40 (SV40) (Fiers et al., Nature 273:113 (1978), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV) and bovine papilloma virus (BPV). Mammalian cells may also require terminator sequences and poly-A addition sequences. Enhancer sequences which increase expression may also be included and sequences which promote amplification of the gene may also be desirable (for example methotrexate resistance genes).
  • SV40 Simian Virus 40
  • RSV
  • Vectors suitable for replication in mammalian cells may include viral replicons, or sequences which insure integration of the appropriate sequences encoding HCV epitopes into the host genome.
  • another vector used to express foreign DNA is vaccinia virus.
  • vaccinia virus a nucleic acid molecule encoding a protein or fragment thereof is inserted into the vaccinia genome.
  • Techniques for the insertion of foreign DNA into the vaccinia virus genome are known in the art and may utilize, for example, homologous recombination.
  • Such heterologous DNA is generally inserted into a gene which is non-essential to the virus, for example, the thymidine kinase gene (tk), which also provides a selectable marker.
  • tk thymidine kinase gene
  • Plasmid vectors that greatly facilitate the construction of recombinant viruses have been described (see, for example, Mackett et al, J. Virol. 49:857 (1984); Chakrabarti et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 5:3403 (1985); Moss, In: Gene Transfer Vectors For Mammalian Cells (Miller and Calos, eds., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, N.Y., p. 10, (1987); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). Expression of the HCV polypeptide then occurs in cells or animals which are infected with the live recombinant vaccinia virus.
  • the sequence to be integrated into the mammalian sequence may be introduced into the primary host by any convenient means, which includes calcium precipitated DNA, spheroplast fusion, transformation, electroporation, biolistics, lipofection, microinjection, or other convenient means.
  • the amplifiable gene may serve as the selection marker for selecting hosts into which the amplifiable gene has been introduced.
  • the amplifiable gene another marker, such as a drug resistance marker, e.g. neomycin resistance (G418 in mammalian cells), hygromycin in resistance etc., or an auxotrophy marker (HIS3, TRP1, LEU2, URA3, ADE2, LYS2, etc.) for use in yeast cells.
  • the DNA may be digested with one or more restriction enzymes and the fragments probed with an appropriate DNA fragment which will identify the properly sized restriction fragment associated with integration.
  • an enhancer from one source a promoter region from another source, a 5′-noncoding region upstream from the initiation methionine from the same or different source as the other sequences and the like.
  • the sequence to be integrated will have with it a marker gene, which allows for selection.
  • the marker gene may conveniently be downstream from the target gene and may include resistance to a cytotoxic agent, e.g. antibiotics, heavy metals, or the like, resistance or susceptibility to HAT, gancyclovir, etc., complementation to an auxotrophic host, particularly by using an auxotrophic yeast as the host for the subject manipulations, or the like.
  • the marker gene may also be on a separate DNA molecule, particularly with primary mammalian cells. Alternatively, one may screen the various transformants, due to the high efficiency of recombination in yeast, by using hybridization analysis, PCR, sequencing, or the like.
  • constructs can be prepared where the amplifiable gene will be flanked, normally on both sides with DNA homologous with the DNA of the target region.
  • the homologous DNA will generally be within 100 kb, usually 50 kb, preferably about 25 kb, of the transcribed region of the target gene, more preferably within 2 kb of the target gene. Where modeling of the gene is intended, homology will usually be present proximal to the site of the mutation.
  • the homologous DNA may include the 5′-upstream region outside of the transcriptional regulatory region or comprising any enhancer sequences, transcriptional initiation sequences, adjacent sequences, or the like.
  • the homologous region may include a portion of the coding region, where the coding region may be comprised only of an open reading frame or combination of exons and introns.
  • the homologous region may comprise all or a portion of an intron, where all or a portion of one or more exons may also be present.
  • the homologous region may comprise the 3′-region, so as to comprise all or a portion of the transcriptional termination region, or the region 3′ of this region.
  • the homologous regions may extend over all or a portion of the target gene or be outside the target gene comprising all or a portion of the transcriptional regulatory regions and/or the structural gene.
  • the integrating constructs may be prepared in accordance with conventional ways, where sequences may be synthesized, isolated from natural sources, manipulated, cloned, ligated, subjected to in vitro mutagenesis, primer repair, or the like. At various stages, the joined sequences may be cloned and analyzed by restriction analysis, sequencing, or the like. Usually during the preparation of a construct where various fragments are joined, the fragments, intermediate constructs and constructs will be carried on a cloning vector comprising a replication system functional in a prokaryotic host, e.g., E. coli and a marker for selection, e.g., biocide resistance, complementation to an auxotrophic host, etc.
  • a prokaryotic host e.g., E. coli
  • a marker for selection e.g., biocide resistance, complementation to an auxotrophic host, etc.
  • polylinkers for ease of introduction and excision of the construct or portions thereof, or the like.
  • a large number of cloning vectors are available such as pBR322, the pUC series, etc. These constructs may then be used for integration into the primary mammalian host.
  • a replicating vector may be used.
  • such vector will have a viral replication system, such as SV40, bovine papilloma virus, adenovirus, or the like.
  • the linear DNA sequence vector may also have a selectable marker for identifying transfected cells. Selectable markers include the neo gene, allowing for selection with G418, the herpes tk gene for selection with HAT medium, the gpt gene with mycophenolic acid, complementation of an auxotrophic host, etc.
  • the vector may or may not be capable of stable maintenance in the host. Where the vector is capable of stable maintenance, the cells will be screened for homologous integration of the vector into the genome of the host, where various techniques for curing the cells may be employed. Where the vector is not capable of stable maintenance, for example, where a temperature sensitive replication system is employed, one may change the temperature from the permissive temperature to the non-permissive temperature, so that the cells may be cured of the vector. In this case, only those cells having integration of the construct comprising the amplifiable gene and, when present, the selectable marker, will be able to survive selection.
  • selectable marker one may select for the presence of the targeting construct by means of the selectable marker. Where the selectable marker is not present, one may select for the presence of the construct by the amplifiable gene.
  • the selective medium may include from about 0.01-0.5 ⁇ M of methotrexate or be deficient in glycine-hypoxanthine-thymidine and have dialysed serum (GHT media).
  • the DNA can be introduced into the expression host by a variety of techniques that include calcium phosphate/DNA co-precipitates, microinjection of DNA into the nucleus, electroporation, yeast protoplast fusion with intact cells, transfection, polycations, e.g., polybrene, polyornithine, etc., or the like.
  • the DNA may be single or double stranded DNA, linear or circular.
  • the various techniques for transforming mammalian cells are well known (see Keown et al., Methods Enzymol . (1989); Keown et al., Methods Enzymol. 185:527-537 (1990); Mansour et al., Nature 336:348-352, (1988); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • the present invention also relates to an insect recombinant vectors comprising exogenous genetic material.
  • the present invention also relates to an insect cell comprising an insect recombinant vector.
  • the present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant insect host cell, comprising introducing into an insect cell exogenous genetic material.
  • the exogenous genetic material includes a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either or other nucleic acid molecule of the present invention.
  • the insect recombinant vector may be any vector which can be conveniently subjected to recombinant DNA procedures and can bring about the expression of the nucleic acid sequence.
  • the choice of a vector will typically depend on the compatibility of the vector with the insect host cell into which the vector is to be introduced.
  • the vector may be a linear or a closed circular plasmid.
  • the vector system may be a single vector or plasmid or two or more vectors or plasmids which together contain the total DNA to be introduced into the genome of the insect host.
  • the insect vector may be an expression vector. Nucleic acid molecules can be suitably inserted into a replication vector for expression in the insect cell under a suitable promoter for insect cells.
  • vectors are available for this purpose and selection of the appropriate vector will depend mainly on the size of the nucleic acid molecule to be inserted into the vector and the particular host cell to be transformed with the vector.
  • Each vector contains various components depending on its function (amplification of DNA or expression of DNA) and the particular host cell with which it is compatible.
  • the vector components for insect cell transformation generally include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: a signal sequence, origin of replication, one or more marker genes and an inducible promoter.
  • the insect vector may be an autonomously replicating vector, i.e., a vector which exists as an extrachromosomal entity, the replication of which is independent of chromosomal replication, e.g., a plasmid, an extrachromosomal element, a minichromosome, or an artificial chromosome.
  • the vector may contain any means for assuring self-replication.
  • the vector may be one which, when introduced into the insect cell, is integrated into the genome and replicated together with the chromosome(s) into which it has been integrated.
  • the vector may rely on the nucleic acid sequence of the vector for stable integration of the vector into the genome by homologous or nonhomologous recombination.
  • the vector may contain additional nucleic acid sequences for directing integration by homologous recombination into the genome of the insect host.
  • the additional nucleic acid sequences enable the vector to be integrated into the host cell genome at a precise location(s) in the chromosome(s).
  • there should be preferably two nucleic acid sequences which individually contain a sufficient number of nucleic acids, preferably 400 bp to 1500 bp, more preferably 800 bp to 1000 bp, which are highly homologous with the corresponding target sequence to enhance the probability of homologous recombination.
  • These nucleic acid sequences may be any sequence that is homologous with a target sequence in the genome of the insect host cell and, furthermore, may be non-encoding or encoding sequences.
  • BEVs Baculovirus expression vectors
  • BEVs are recombinant insect viruses in which the coding sequence for a chosen foreign gene has been inserted behind a baculovirus promoter in place of the viral gene, e.g., polyhedrin (Smith and Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 4,745,051, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference).
  • polyhedrin Smith and Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 4,745,051, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • baculovirus vectors relies upon the host cells being derived from Lepidopteran insects such as Spodoptera frugiperda or Trichoplusia ni .
  • the preferred Spodoptera frugiperda cell line is the cell line Sf9.
  • the Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cell line was obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, Va.) and is assigned accession number ATCC CRL 1711 (Summers and Smith, A Manual of Methods for Baculovirus Vectors and Insect Cell Culture Procedures , Texas Ag. Exper. Station Bulletin No. 1555 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Other insect cell systems such as the silkworm B. mori may also be used.
  • the proteins expressed by the BEVs are, therefore, synthesized, modified and transported in host cells derived from Lepidopteran insects.
  • Most of the genes that have been inserted and produced in the baculovirus expression vector system have been derived from vertebrate species.
  • Other baculovirus genes in addition to the polyhedrin promoter may be employed to advantage in a baculovirus expression system. These include immediate-early (alpha), delayed-early ( ⁇ ), late ( ⁇ ), or very late (delta), according to the phase of the viral infection during which they are expressed. The expression of these genes occurs sequentially, probably as the result of a “cascade” mechanism of transcriptional regulation. (Guarino and Summers, J. Virol.
  • Insect recombinant vectors are useful as intermediates for the infection or transformation of insect cell systems.
  • an insect recombinant vector containing a nucleic acid molecule encoding a baculovirus transcriptional promoter followed downstream by an insect signal DNA sequence is capable of directing the secretion of the desired biologically active protein from the insect cell.
  • the vector may utilize a baculovirus transcriptional promoter region derived from any of the over 500 baculoviruses generally infecting insects, such as for example the Orders Lepidoptera, Diptera, Orthoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera, including for example but not limited to the viral DNAs of Autographa californica MNPV, Bombyx mori NPV, Trichoplusia ni MNPV, Rachiplusia ou MNPV or Galleria mellonella MNPV, wherein said baculovirus transcriptional promoter is a baculovirus immediate-early gene IE1 or IEN promoter; an immediate-early gene in combination with a baculovirus delayed-early gene promoter region selected from the group consisting of 39K and a HindIII-k fragment delayed-early gene; or a baculovirus late gene promoter.
  • a baculovirus transcriptional promoter region derived from any of the over 500 baculoviruse
  • the immediate-early or delayed-early promoters can be enhanced with transcriptional enhancer elements.
  • the insect signal DNA sequence may code for a signal peptide of a Lepidopteran adipokinetic hormone precursor or a signal peptide of the Manduca sexta adipokinetic hormone precursor (Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 5,155,037; the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • insect signal DNA sequences include a signal peptide of the Orthoptera Schistocerca gregaria locust adipokinetic hormone precurser and the Drosophila melanogaster cuticle genes CP1, CP2, CP3 or CP4 or for an insect signal peptide having substantially a similar chemical composition and function (Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 5,155,037).
  • Insect cells are distinctly different from animal cells. Insects have a unique life cycle and have distinct cellular properties such as the lack of intracellular plasminogen activators in which are present in vertebrate cells. Another difference is the high expression levels of protein products ranging from 1 to greater than 500 mg/liter and the ease at which cDNA can be cloned into cells (Frasier, In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 25:225 (1989); Summers and Smith, In: A Manual of Methods for Baculovirus Vectors and Insect Cell Culture Procedures , Texas Ag. Exper. Station Bulletin No. 1555 (1988), both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • Recombinant protein expression in insect cells is achieved by viral infection or stable transformation.
  • the desired gene is cloned into baculovirus at the site of the wild-type polyhedron gene (Webb and Summers, Technique 2:173 (1990); Bishop and Posse, Adv. Gene Technol. 1:55 (1990); both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • the polyhedron gene is a component of a protein coat in occlusions which encapsulate virus particles. Deletion or insertion in the polyhedron gene results the failure to form occlusion bodies.
  • Occlusion negative viruses are morphologically different from occlusion positive viruses and enable one skilled in the art to identify and purify recombinant viruses.
  • the vectors of present invention preferably contain one or more selectable markers which permit easy selection of transformed cells.
  • a selectable marker is a gene the product of which provides, for example biocide or viral resistance, resistance to heavy metals, prototrophy to auxotrophs and the like. Selection may be accomplished by co-transformation, e.g., as described in WO 91/17243, a nucleic acid sequence of the present invention may be operably linked to a suitable promoter sequence.
  • the promoter sequence is a nucleic acid sequence which is recognized by the insect host cell for expression of the nucleic acid sequence.
  • the promoter sequence contains transcription and translation control sequences which mediate the expression of the protein or fragment thereof.
  • the promoter may be any nucleic acid sequence which shows transcriptional activity in the insect host cell of choice and may be obtained from genes encoding polypeptides either homologous or heterologous to the host cell.
  • a nucleic acid molecule encoding a protein or fragment thereof may also be operably linked to a suitable leader sequence.
  • a leader sequence is a nontranslated region of a mRNA which is important for translation by the fungal host.
  • the leader sequence is operably linked to the 5′ terminus of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof.
  • the leader sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any leader sequence which is functional in the insect host cell of choice may be used in the present invention.
  • a polyadenylation sequence may also be operably linked to the 3′ terminus of the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention.
  • the polyadenylation sequence is a sequence which when transcribed is recognized by the insect host to add polyadenosine residues to transcribed mRNA.
  • the polyadenylation sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any polyadenylation sequence which is functional in the fungal host of choice may be used in the present invention.
  • the protein or fragment thereof of the present invention may be linked to a signal peptide linked to the amino terminus of the protein or fragment thereof.
  • a signal peptide is an amino acid sequence which permits the secretion of the protein or fragment thereof from the insect host into the culture medium.
  • the signal peptide may be native to the protein or fragment thereof of the invention or may be obtained from foreign sources.
  • the 5′ end of the coding sequence of the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention may inherently contain a signal peptide coding region naturally linked in translation reading frame with the segment of the coding region which encodes the secreted protein or fragment thereof.
  • a mode of achieving secretion of a foreign gene product in insect cells is by way of the foreign gene's native signal peptide.
  • the foreign genes are usually from non-insect organisms, their signal sequences may be poorly recognized by insect cells and hence, levels of expression may be suboptimal.
  • the efficiency of expression of foreign gene products seems to depend primarily on the characteristics of the foreign protein. On average, nuclear localized or non-structural proteins are most highly expressed, secreted proteins are intermediate and integral membrane proteins are the least expressed.
  • One factor generally affecting the efficiency of the production of foreign gene products in a heterologous host system is the presence of native signal sequences (also termed presequences, targeting signals, or leader sequences) associated with the foreign gene.
  • the signal sequence is generally coded by a DNA sequence immediately following (5′ to 3′) the translation start site of the desired foreign gene.
  • the expression dependence on the type of signal sequence associated with a gene product can be represented by the following example: If a foreign gene is inserted at a site downstream from the translational start site of the baculovirus polyhedrin gene so as to produce a fusion protein (containing the N-terminus of the polyhedrin structural gene), the fused gene is highly expressed. But less expression is achieved when a foreign gene is inserted in a baculovirus expression vector immediately following the transcriptional start site and totally replacing the polyhedrin structural gene.
  • Use of the pVL941 vector optimizes transcription of foreign genes to the level of the polyhedrin gene transcription. Even though the transcription of a foreign gene may be optimal, optimal translation may vary because of several factors involving processing: signal peptide recognition, mRNA and ribosome binding, glycosylation, disulfide bond formation, sugar processing, oligomerization, for example.
  • the properties of the insect signal peptide are expected to be more optimal for the efficiency of the translation process in insect cells than those from vertebrate proteins. This phenomenon can generally be explained by the fact that proteins secreted from cells are synthesized as precursor molecules containing hydrophobic N-terminal signal peptides.
  • the signal peptides direct transport of the select protein to its target membrane and are then cleaved by a peptidase on the membrane, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, when the protein passes through it.
  • Another exemplary insect signal sequence is the sequence encoding for Drosophila cuticle proteins such as CP1, CP2, CP3 or CP4 (Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 5,278,050; the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Most of a 9 kb region of the Drosophila genome containing genes for the cuticle proteins has been sequenced. Four of the five cuticle genes contains a signal peptide coding sequence interrupted by a short intervening sequence (about 60 base pairs) at a conserved site. conserveed sequences occur in the 5′ mRNA untranslated region, in the adjacent 35 base pairs of upstream flanking sequence and at ⁇ 200 base pairs from the mRNA start position in each of the cuticle genes.
  • the present invention also relates to a bacterial recombinant vector comprising exogenous genetic material.
  • the present invention also relates to a bacteria cell comprising a bacterial recombinant vector.
  • the present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant bacteria host cell, comprising introducing into a bacterial host cell exogenous genetic material.
  • the exogenous genetic material includes a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either or other nucleic acid molecule of the present invention.
  • the bacterial recombinant vector may be any vector which can be conveniently subjected to recombinant DNA procedures.
  • the choice of a vector will typically depend on the compatibility of the vector with the bacterial host cell into which the vector is to be introduced.
  • the vector may be a linear or a closed circular plasmid.
  • the vector system may be a single vector or plasmid or two or more vectors or plasmids which together contain the total DNA to be introduced into the genome of the bacterial host.
  • the bacterial vector may be an expression vector. Nucleic acid molecules encoding protein homologues or fragments thereof can, for example, be suitably inserted into a replicable vector for expression in the bacterium under the control of a suitable promoter for bacteria.
  • vectors are available for this purpose and selection of the appropriate vector will depend mainly on the size of the nucleic acid to be inserted into the vector and the particular host cell to be transformed with the vector.
  • Each vector contains various components depending on its function (amplification of DNA or expression of DNA) and the particular host cell with which it is compatible.
  • the vector components for bacterial transformation generally include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: a signal sequence, an origin of replication, one or more marker genes and an inducible promoter.
  • plasmid vectors containing replicon and control sequences that are derived from species compatible with the host cell are used in connection with bacterial hosts.
  • the vector ordinarily carries a replication site, as well as marking sequences that are capable of providing phenotypic selection in transformed cells.
  • E. coli is typically transformed using pBR322, a plasmid derived from an E. coli species (see, e.g., Bolivar et al., Gene 2:95 (1977); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • pBR322 contains genes for ampicillin and tetracycline resistance and thus provides easy means for identifying transformed cells.
  • the pBR322 plasmid, or other microbial plasmid or phage also generally contains, or is modified to contain, promoters that can be used by the microbial organism for expression of the selectable marker genes.
  • Nucleic acid molecules encoding protein or fragments thereof may be expressed not only directly, but also as a fusion with another polypeptide, preferably a signal sequence or other polypeptide having a specific cleavage site at the N-terminus of the mature polypeptide.
  • the signal sequence may be a component of the vector, or it may be a part of the polypeptide DNA that is inserted into the vector.
  • the heterologous signal sequence selected should be one that is recognized and processed (i.e., cleaved by a signal peptidase) by the host cell.
  • the signal sequence is substituted by a bacterial signal sequence selected, for example, from the group consisting of the alkaline phosphatase, penicillinase, lpp, or heat-stable enterotoxin II leaders.
  • Both expression and cloning vectors contain a nucleic acid sequence that enables the vector to replicate in one or more selected host cells.
  • this sequence is one that enables the vector to replicate independently of the host chromosomal DNA and includes origins of replication or autonomously replicating sequences.
  • origins of replication or autonomously replicating sequences are well known for a variety of bacteria.
  • the origin of replication from the plasmid pBR322 is suitable for most Gram-negative bacteria.
  • Selection genes also generally contain a selection gene, also termed a selectable marker. This gene encodes a protein necessary for the survival or growth of transformed host cells grown in a selective culture medium. Host cells not transformed with the vector containing the selection gene will not survive in the culture medium.
  • Typical selection genes encode proteins that (a) confer resistance to antibiotics or other toxins, e.g., ampicillin, neomycin, methotrexate, or tetracycline, (b) complement auxotrophic deficiencies, or (c) supply critical nutrients not available from complex media, e.g., the gene encoding D-alanine racemase for Bacilli.
  • One example of a selection scheme utilizes a drug to arrest growth of a host cell. Those cells that are successfully transformed with a heterologous protein homologue or fragment thereof produce a protein conferring drug resistance and thus survive the selection regimen.
  • the expression vector for producing a protein or fragment thereof can also contains an inducible promoter that is recognized by the host bacterial organism and is operably linked to the nucleic acid encoding, for example, the nucleic acid molecule encoding the protein homologue or fragment thereof of interest.
  • inducible promoters suitable for use with bacterial hosts include the ⁇ -lactamase and lactose promoter systems (Chang et al., Nature 275:615 (1978); Goeddel et al., Nature 281:544 (1979); both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety), the arabinose promoter system (Guzman et al., J. Bacteriol.
  • alkaline phosphatase alkaline phosphatase
  • trp tryptophan promoter system
  • hybrid promoters such as the tac promoter (deBoer et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( USA ) 80:21-25 (1983); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • tac promoter deBoer et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci . ( USA ) 80:21-25 (1983); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • other known bacterial inducible promoters are suitable (Siebenlist et al., Cell 20:269 (1980); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Promoters for use in bacterial systems also generally contain a Shine-Dalgarno (S.D.) sequence operably linked to the DNA encoding the polypeptide of interest.
  • the promoter can be removed from the bacterial source DNA by restriction enzyme digestion and inserted into the vector containing the desired DNA.
  • Suitable vectors containing one or more of the above-listed components employs standard ligation techniques. Isolated plasmids or DNA fragments are cleaved, tailored and re-ligated in the form desired to generate the plasmids required.
  • Examples of available bacterial expression vectors include, but are not limited to, the multifunctional E. coli cloning and expression vectors such as BluescriptTM (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.), in which, for example, encoding an A.
  • nidulans protein homologue or fragment thereof homologue may be ligated into the vector in frame with sequences for the amino-terminal Met and the subsequent 7 residues of ⁇ -galactosidase so that a hybrid protein is produced; pIN vectors (Van Heeke and Schuster, J. Biol. Chem. 264:5503-5509 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); and the like.
  • pGEX vectors Promega, Madison Wis. U.S.A.
  • GST glutathione S-transferase
  • fusion proteins are soluble and can easily be purified from lysed cells by adsorption to glutathione-agarose beads followed by elution in the presence of free glutathione.
  • Proteins made in such systems are designed to include heparin, thrombin or factor XA protease cleavage sites so that the cloned polypeptide of interest can be released from the GST moiety at will.
  • Suitable host bacteria for a bacterial vector include archaebacteria and eubacteria, especially eubacteria and most preferably Enterobacteriaceae.
  • useful bacteria include Escherichia, Enterobacter, Azotobacter, Erwinia, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella, Rhizobia, Vitreoscilla and Paracoccus .
  • Suitable E. coli hosts include E. coli W3110 (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 27,325, Manassas, Va. U.S.A.), E. coli 294 (ATCC 31,446), E. coli B and E.
  • E. coli X1776 ATCC 31,537). These examples are illustrative rather than limiting. Mutant cells of any of the above-mentioned bacteria may also be employed. It is, of course, necessary to select the appropriate bacteria taking into consideration replicability of the replicon in the cells of a bacterium.
  • E. coli, Serratia , or Salmonella species can be suitably used as the host when well known plasmids such as pBR322, pBR325, pACYC177, or pKN410 are used to supply the replicon.
  • E. coli strain W3110 is a preferred host or parent host because it is a common host strain for recombinant DNA product fermentations.
  • the host cell should secrete minimal amounts of proteolytic enzymes.
  • Host cells are transfected and preferably transformed with the above-described vectors and cultured in conventional nutrient media modified as appropriate for inducing promoters, selecting transformants, or amplifying the genes encoding the desired sequences.
  • transfection is done using standard techniques appropriate to such cells.
  • the calcium treatment employing calcium chloride, as described in section 1.82 of Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual , New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, (1989), is generally used for bacterial cells that contain substantial cell-wall barriers.
  • Another method for transformation employs polyethylene glycol/DMSO, as described in Chung and Miller (Chung and Miller, Nucleic Acids Res. 16:3580 (1988); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Yet another method is the use of the technique termed electroporation.
  • Bacterial cells used to produce the polypeptide of interest for purposes of this invention are cultured in suitable media in which the promoters for the nucleic acid encoding the heterologous polypeptide can be artificially induced as described generally, e.g., in Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual , New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, (1989). Examples of suitable media are given in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,304,472 and 5,342,763; both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • nucleotide sequence provided in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof, or complement thereof, or a nucleotide sequence at least 90% identical, preferably 95%, identical even more preferably 99% or 100% identical to the sequence provided in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof, or complement thereof, can be “provided” in a variety of mediums to facilitate use. Such a medium can also provide a subset thereof in a form that allows a skilled artisan to examine the sequences.
  • nucleotide sequences are those nucleic acid sequences that encode a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either.
  • a further preferred subset of nucleic acid sequences is where the subset of sequences is two proteins or fragments thereof, more preferably three proteins or fragments thereof and even more preferable four transcription factors or fragments thereof, these nucleic acid sequences are selected from the group that comprises a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either.
  • a nucleotide sequence of the present invention can be recorded on computer readable media.
  • “computer readable media” refers to any medium that can be read and accessed directly by a computer. Such media include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage media, such as floppy discs, hard disc, storage medium and magnetic tape: optical storage media such as CD-ROM; electrical storage media such as RAM and ROM; and hybrids of these categories such as magnetic/optical storage media.
  • magnetic storage media such as floppy discs, hard disc, storage medium and magnetic tape
  • optical storage media such as CD-ROM
  • electrical storage media such as RAM and ROM
  • hybrids of these categories such as magnetic/optical storage media.
  • “recorded” refers to a process for storing information on computer readable medium.
  • a skilled artisan can readily adopt any of the presently known methods for recording information on computer readable medium to generate media comprising the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention.
  • a variety of data storage structures are available to a skilled artisan for creating a computer readable medium having recorded thereon a nucleotide sequence of the present invention. The choice of the data storage structure will generally be based on the means chosen to access the stored information.
  • a variety of data processor programs and formats can be used to store the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention on computer readable medium.
  • sequence information can be represented in a word processing text file, formatted in commercially-available software such as WordPerfect and Microsoft Word, or represented in the form of an ASCII file, stored in a database application, such as DB2, Sybase, Oracle, or the like.
  • a skilled artisan can readily adapt any number of data processor structuring formats (e.g. text file or database) in order to obtain computer readable medium having recorded thereon the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention.
  • nucleotide sequences of the present invention By providing one or more of nucleotide sequences of the present invention, a skilled artisan can routinely access the sequence information for a variety of purposes.
  • Computer software is publicly available which allows a skilled artisan to access sequence information provided in a computer readable medium.
  • the examples which follow demonstrate how software which implements the BLAST (Altschul et al., J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-410 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and BLAZE (Brutlag et al., Comp. Chem.
  • ORFs open reading frames
  • Such ORFs are protein-encoding fragments within the sequences of the present invention and are useful in producing commercially important proteins such as enzymes used in amino acid biosynthesis, metabolism, transcription, translation, RNA processing, nucleic acid and a protein degradation, protein modification and DNA replication, restriction, modification, recombination and repair.
  • the present invention further provides systems, particularly computer-based systems, which contain the sequence information described herein. Such systems are designed to identify commercially important fragments of the nucleic acid molecule of the present invention.
  • a computer-based system refers to the hardware means, software means and data storage means used to analyze the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention.
  • the minimum hardware means of the computer-based systems of the present invention comprises a central processing unit (CPU), input means, output means and data storage means.
  • the computer-based systems of the present invention comprise a data storage means having stored therein a nucleotide sequence of the present invention and the necessary hardware means and software means for supporting and implementing a search means.
  • data storage means refers to memory that can store nucleotide sequence information of the present invention, or a memory access means which can access manufactures having recorded thereon the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention.
  • search means refers to one or more programs which are implemented on the computer-based system to compare a target sequence or target structural motif with the sequence information stored within the data storage means. Search means are used to identify fragments or regions of the sequence of the present invention that match a particular target sequence or target motif.
  • a variety of known algorithms are disclosed publicly and a variety of commercially available software for conducting search means are available can be used in the computer-based systems of the present invention. Examples of such software include, but are not limited to, MacPattern (EMBL), BLASTIN and BLASTIX (NCBIA).
  • EMBL MacPattern
  • BLASTIN BLASTIN
  • BLASTIX NCBIA
  • One of the available algorithms or implementing software packages for conducting homology searches can be adapted for use in the present computer-based systems.
  • the most preferred sequence length of a target sequence is from about 10 to 100 amino acids or from about 30 to 300 nucleotide residues. However, it is well recognized that during searches for commercially important fragments of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention, such as sequence fragments involved in gene expression and protein processing, may be of shorter length.
  • a target structural motif refers to any rationally selected sequence or combination of sequences in which the sequences the sequence(s) are chosen based on a three-dimensional configuration which is formed upon the folding of the target motif.
  • target motifs include, but are not limited to, enzymatic active sites and signal sequences.
  • Nucleic acid target motifs include, but are not limited to, promoter sequences, cis elements, hairpin structures and inducible expression elements (protein binding sequences).
  • the present invention further provides an input means for receiving a target sequence, a data storage means for storing the target sequences of the present invention sequence identified using a search means as described above and an output means for outputting the identified homologous sequences.
  • a variety of structural formats for the input and output means can be used to input and output information in the computer-based systems of the present invention.
  • a preferred format for an output means ranks fragments of the sequence of the present invention by varying degrees of homology to the target sequence or target motif. Such presentation provides a skilled artisan with a ranking of sequences which contain various amounts of the target sequence or target motif and identifies the degree of homology contained in the identified fragment.
  • comparing means can be used to compare a target sequence or target motif with the data storage means to identify sequence fragments sequence of the present invention.
  • implementing software which implement the BLAST and BLAZE algorithms can be used to identify open frames within the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention.
  • a skilled artisan can readily recognize that any one of the publicly available homology search programs can be used as the search means for the computer-based systems of the present invention.
  • the MONN01 cDNA library is a normalized library generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage.
  • the older, more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger, more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves.
  • the leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON001 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) immature tassels at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in a greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue from the maize plant is collected at the V6 stage. At that stage the tassel is an immature tassel of about 2-3 cm in length. The tassels are removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON003 library is generated from maize (B73 ⁇ Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) roots at the V6 developmental stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm in coil into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth, the seedlings are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the Metro 200 growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and approximately 3 times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied approximately three times per week after transplanting at a concentration of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the life time of the plant from transplanting to flowering a total of approximately 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in approximately 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6 leaf development stage. The root system is cut from maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is then immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON004 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73 ⁇ Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage.
  • the older, more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger, more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves.
  • the leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON005 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73 ⁇ Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign Ill., U.S.A.) root tissue at the V6 development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage.
  • the root system is cut from the mature maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil.
  • the tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON006 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73 ⁇ Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign Ill., U.S.A.) total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage.
  • the older more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves.
  • the leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON007 cDNA library is generated from the primary root tissue of 5 day old maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept in the dark until germination (one day). After germination, the trays, along with the moist paper, are moved to a greenhouse where the maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles for approximately 5 days. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. The primary root tissue is collected when the seedlings are 5 days old.
  • the primary root (radicle) is pushed through the coleorhiza which itself is pushed through the seed coat.
  • the primary root which is about 2-3 cm long, is cut and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON008 cDNA library is generated from the primary shoot (coleoptile 2-3 cm) of maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings which are approximately 5 days old. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept in the dark until germination (one day). Then the trays containing the seeds are moved to a greenhouse at 15 hr daytime/9 hr nighttime cycles and grown until they are 5 days post germination. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Tissue is collected when the seedlings are 5 days old.
  • the primary shoot (coleoptile) is pushed through the seed coat and is about 2-3 cm long.
  • the coleoptile is dissected away from the rest of the seedling, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON009 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) leaves at the 8 leaf stage (V8 plant development stage). Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 8-leaf development stage.
  • the older more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger more adult leaves, which are more apical, are cut at the base of the leaves.
  • the leaves are then pooled and then immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON010 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) root tissue at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the V8 development stage. The root system is cut from this mature maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON011 cDNA library is generated from undeveloped maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) leaf at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage.
  • the second youngest leaf which is at the base of the apical leaf of V6 stage maize plant is cut at the base and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the leaf is crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON012 cDNA library is generated from 2 day post germination maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept in the dark until germination (one day). Then the trays containing the seeds are moved to the greenhouse and grown at 15 hr daytime/9 hr nighttime cycles until 2 days post germination. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Tissue is collected when the seedlings are 2 days old.
  • the coleorhiza is pushed through the seed coat and the primary root (the radicle) is pierced the coleorhiza but is barely visible. Also, at this two day stage, the coleoptile is just emerging from the seed coat. The 2 days post germination seedlings are then immersed in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until preparation of total RNA.
  • the SATMON013 cDNA library is generated from apical maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) meristem founder at the V4 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • the plant Prior to tissue collection, the plant is at the 4 leaf stage.
  • the lead at the apex of the V4 stage maize plant is referred to as the meristem founder.
  • This apical meristem founder is cut, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON014 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) endosperm fourteen days after pollination. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • the maize plant ear shoots are ready for fertilization.
  • the ear shoots are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergence to withhold the pollen.
  • the ear shoots are pollinated and 14 days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and then the kernels are plucked out of the ears. Each kernel is then dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the aleurone layer is removed. After dissection, the endosperms are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON016 library is a maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) sheath library collected at the V8 developmental stage. Seeds are planted in a depth of approximately 3 cm in solid into 2-3 inch pots containing Metro growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth, they are transplanted into 10′′ pots containing the same. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and approximately the times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied approximately three times per week after transplanting, at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the life time of the plant from transplanting to flowering, a total of approximately 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • the 5 th and 6 th leaves from the bottom exhibit fully developed leaf blades.
  • the ligule is differentiated and the leaf blade is joined to the sheath.
  • the sheath is dissected away from the base of the leaf then the sheath is frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed.
  • the tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON017 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) embryo seventeen days after pollination. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth the seeds are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • the ear shoots of maize plant which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergence to withhold the pollen.
  • the ear shoots are fertilized and 21 days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and the kernels are plucked out of the ears. Each kernel is then dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the aleurone layer is removed. After dissection, the embryos are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON019 (Lib3054) cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) culm (stem) at the V8 developmental stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • the 5th and 6th leaves from the bottom have fully developed leaf blades.
  • the region between the nodes of the 5th and the sixth leaves from the bottom is the region of the stem that is collected.
  • the leaves are pulled out and the sheath is also torn away from the stem.
  • This stem tissue is completely free of any leaf and sheath tissue.
  • the stem tissue is then frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON020 cDNA library is from a maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) Hill Type II-Initiated Callus.
  • Petri plates containing approximately 25 ml of Type II initiation media are prepared. This medium contains N6 salts and vitamins, 3% sucrose, 2.3 g/liter proline 0.1 g/liter enzymatic casein hydrolysate, 2 mg/liter 2,4-dichloro phenoxy-acetic acid (2,4, D), 15.3 mg/liter AgNO 3 and 0.8% bacto agar and is adjusted to pH 6.0 before autoclaving.
  • an ear with immature embryos measuring approximately 1-2 mm in length is chosen.
  • the husks and silks are removed and then the ear is broken into halves and placed in an autoclaved solution of Clorox/TWEEN 20 sterilizing solution. Then the ear is rinsed with deionized water. Then each embryo is extracted from the kernel. Intact embryos are placed in contact with the medium, scutellar side up). Multiple embryos are plated on each plate and the plates are incubated in the dark at 25° C. Type II calluses are friable, can be subcultured with a spatula, frequently regenerate via somatic embryogenesis and are relatively undifferentiated.
  • the Tape II calluses show color ranging from translucent to light yellow and heterogeneity on with respect to embryoid structure as well as stage of embryoid development.
  • Type II callus Once Type II callus are formed, the calluses is transferred to type II callus maintenance medium without AgNO 3 . Every 7-10 days, the callus is subcultured. About 4 weeks after embryo isolation the callus is removed from the plates and then frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON021 cDNA library is generated from the immature maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb Ill., U.S.A.) tassel at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. As the maize plant enters the V8 stage, tassels which are 15-20 cm in length are collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON022 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) ear (growing silks) at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Zea mays plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the plant is in the V8 stage. At this stage, some immature ear shoots are visible. The immature ear shoots (approximately 1 cm in length) are pulled out, frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON23 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) ear (growing silk) at the V8 development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • the tissue is harvested at the V8 stage, the length of the ear that is harvested is about 10-15 cm and the silks are just exposed (approximately 1 inch).
  • the ear along with the silks is frozen in liquid nitrogen and then the tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON024 cDNA library is generated from the immature maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) tassel at the V9 development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. As a maize plant enters the V9 stage, the tassel is rapidly developing and a 37 cm tassel along with the glume, anthers and pollen is collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON025 cDNA library is from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) Hill Type II-Regenerated Callus.
  • Type II callus is grown in initiation media as described for SATMON020 and then the embryoids on the surface of the Type II callus are allowed to mature and germinate.
  • the 1-2 gm fresh weight of the soft friable type callus containing numerous embryoids are transferred to 100 ⁇ 15 mm petri plates containing 25 ml of regeneration media.
  • Regeneration media consists of Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal salts, modified White's vitamins (0.2 g/liter glycine and 0.5 g/liter myo-inositol and 0.8% bacto agar (6SMSOD)).
  • MS Murashige and Skoog
  • 6SMSOD modified White's vitamins
  • the plates are then placed in the dark after covering with parafilm. After 1 week, the plates are moved to a lighted growth chamber with 16 hr light and 8 hr dark photoperiod. Three weeks after plating the Type II callus to 6SMSOD, the callus exhibit shoot formation. The callus and the shoots are transferred to fresh 6SMSOD plates for another 2 weeks. The callus and the shoots are then transferred to petri plates with reduced sucrose (3SMSOD). Upon distinct formation of a root and shoot, the newly developed green plants are then removed out with a spatula and frozen in liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation
  • the SATMON026 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) juvenile/adult shift leaves at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plants are at the 8-leaf development stage. Leaves are founded sequentially around the meristem over weeks of time and the older, more juvenile leaves arise earlier and in a more basal position than the younger, more adult leaves, which are in a more apical position. In a V8 plant, some leaves which are in the middle portion of the plant exhibit characteristics of both juvenile as well as adult leaves. They exhibit a yellowing color but also exhibit, in part, a green color. These leaves are termed juvenile/adult shift leaves. The juvenile/adult shift leaves (the 4th, 5th leaves from the bottom) are cut at the base, pooled and transferred to liquid nitrogen in which they are then crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON027 cDNA library is generated from 6 day maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) leaves. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the Metro 200 growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Zea mays plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Prior to tissue collection when the plant is at the 8-leaf stage, water is held back for six days.
  • the older, more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger, more adult leaves, which are more apical, are all cut at the base of the leaves. All the leaves exhibit significant wilting.
  • the leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are then crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON028 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) roots at the V8 developmental stage that are subject to six days water stress. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the Metro 200 growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • tissue collection Prior to tissue collection, when the plant is at the 8-leaf stage, water is held back for six days. The root system is cut, shaken and washed to remove soil. Root tissue is then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are then crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON029 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings at the etiolated stage. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept in the dark for 4 days at approximately 70° F. Tissue is collected when the seedlings are 4 days old. By 4 days, the primary root has penetrated the coleorhiza and is about 4-5 cm and the secondary lateral roots have also made their appearance. The coleoptile has also pushed through the seed coat and is about 4-5 cm long. The seedlings are frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON030 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) root tissue at the V4 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth, they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and approximately 3 times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied approximately three times per week after transplanting, at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the life time of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of approximately 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 4 leaf development stage.
  • the root system is cut from the mature maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil.
  • the tissue is then immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON031 cDNA library is generated from the maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) leaf tissue at the V4 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 4-leaf development stage.
  • the third leaf from the bottom is cut at the base and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed.
  • the tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON033 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) embryo tissue 13 days after pollination. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • the ear shoots of the maize plant which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergent to withhold the pollen.
  • the ear shoots are pollinated and 13 days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and then the kernels are plucked cut of the ears. Each kernel is then dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the aleurone layer is removed. After dissection, the embryos are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMON034 cDNA library is generated from cold stressed maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept on at 10° C. for 7 days. After 7 days, the temperature is shifted to 15° C. for one day until germination of the seed. Tissue is collected once the seedlings are 1 day old. At this point, the coleorhiza has just pushed out of the seed coat and the primary root is just making its appearance. The coleoptile has not yet pushed completely through the seed coat and is also just making its appearance. These 1 day old cold stressed seedlings are frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A. cold stressed maize
  • the SATMON ⁇ 001 (Lib36, Lib83, Lib84) cDNA library is generated from maize leaves at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in a greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue from the maize plant is collected at the V8 stage. The older more juvenile leaves in a basal position was well as the younger more adult leaves which are more apical are all cut at the base, pooled and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SATMONN01 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) normalized immature tassels at the V6 plant development stage normalized tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in a greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue from the maize plant is collected at the V6 stage. At that stage the tassel is an immature tassel of about 2-3 cm in length. The tassels are removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template.
  • Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet.
  • the non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • the SATMONN04 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73 ⁇ Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) normalized total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage.
  • the older, more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger, more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves.
  • the leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols.
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template.
  • Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet.
  • the non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • the SATMONN05 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73 ⁇ Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign Ill., U.S.A.) normalized root tissue at the V6 development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage.
  • the root system is cut from the mature maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil.
  • the tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols.
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template.
  • Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet.
  • the non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • the SATMONN06 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73 ⁇ Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign Ill., U.S.A.) normalized total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage.
  • the older more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves.
  • the leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols.
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template.
  • Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet.
  • the non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • CMZ029 (SATMON036) cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) endosperm 22 days after pollination. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot.
  • Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • the ear shoots of the maize plant which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergent to withhold the pollen.
  • the ear shoots are pollinated and 22 days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and then the kernels are plucked out of the ears. Each kernel is then dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the alurone layer is removed. After dissection, the endosperms are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz030 (Lib143) cDNA library is generated from maize seedling tissue two days post germination. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered try that is keep in the dark until germination. The trays are then moved to the bench top at 15 hr daytime/9 hr nighttime cycles for 2 days post-germination. The day time temperature is 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is 70° F. Tissue is collected when the seedlings are 2 days old. At this stage, the colehrhiza has pushed through the seed coat and the primary root (the radicle) is just piercing the colehrhiza and is barely visible. The seedlings are placed at 42° C. for 1 hour. Following the heat shock treatment, the seedlings are immersed in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz031 (Lib148) cDNA library is generated from maize pollen tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F.
  • Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants.
  • the ear shoots, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag to withhold pollen. Twenty-one days after pollination, prior to removing the ears, the paper bag is shaken to collect the mature pollen.
  • the mature pollen is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen containers and the pollen is crushed.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz033 (Lib189) cDNA library is generated from maize pooled leaf tissue. Samples are harvested from open pollinated plants. Tissue is collected from maize leaves at the anthesis stage. The leaves are collect from 10-12 plants and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz034 (Lib3060) cDNA library is generated from maize mature tissue at 40 days post pollination plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F.
  • Tissue is collected from leaves located two leaves below the ear leaf. This sample represents those genes expressed during onset and early stages of leaf senescence. The leaves are pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz035 (Lib3061) cDNA library is generated from maize endosperm tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F.
  • Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants.
  • the ear shoots, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag prior to silk emergence to withhold pollen.
  • Thirty-two days after pollination the ears are pulled out and the kernels are removed from the cob. Each kernel is dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the aleurone layer is removed. After dissection, the endosperms are immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz036 (Lib3062) cDNA library is generated from maize husk tissue at the 8 week old plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F.
  • Tissue is collected from 8 week old plants. The husk is separated from the ear and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz037 (Lib3059) cDNA library is generated from maize pooled kernal at 12-15 days after pollienation plant development stage. Sample were collected from field grown material. Whole kernals from hand pollinated (control pollination) are harvested as whole ears and immediately frozen on dry ice. Kernels from 10-12 ears were pooled and ground together in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz039 (Lib3066) cDNA library is generated from maize immature anther tissue at the 7 week old immature tassel stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 7 week old immature tassel stage. At this stage, prior to anthesis, the immature anthers are green and enclosed in the staminate spikelet. The developing anthers are dissected away from the 7 week old immature tassel and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz040 (Lib3067) cDNA library is generated from maize kernel tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F.
  • Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants.
  • the ear shoots, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergence to withhold pollen.
  • the ears are pulled and the kernels removed.
  • the kernels are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen.
  • the harvested kernels tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation. This sample represents gene expressed in early kernel development, during periods of cell division, amyloplast biogenesis and early carbon flow across the material to filial tissue.
  • the CMz041 (Lib3068) cDNA library is generated from maize pollen germinating silk tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants when the ear shoots are ready for fertilization at the silk emergence stage. The emerging silks are pollinated with an excess of pollen under controlled pollination conditions in the green house. Eighteen hours after pollination the silks are removed from the ears and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen containers. This sample represents genes expressed in both pollen and silk tissue early in pollination. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz042 (Lib3069) cDNA library is generated from maize ear tissue excessively pollinated at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants and the ear shoots which are ready for fertilization are at the silk emergence stage.
  • the immature ears are pollinated with an excess of pollen under controlled pollination conditions. Eighteen hours post-pollination, the ears are removed and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz044 (Lib3075) cDNA library is generated from maize microspore tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F.
  • Tissue is collected from immature anthers from 7 week old tassels.
  • the immature anthers are first dissected from the 7 week old tassel with a scalpel on a glass slide covered with water.
  • the microspores are released into the water and are recovered by centrifugation.
  • the microspore suspension is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen.
  • the harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz045 (Lib3076) cDNA library is generated from maize immature ear megaspore tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F.
  • Tissue is collected from immature ear (megaspore) obtained from 7 week old plants.
  • the immature ears are harvested from the 7 week old plants and are approximately 2.5 to 3 cm in length.
  • the kernels are removed from the cob immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz047 (Lib3078) cDNA library is generated from maize CO 2 treated high-exposure shoot tissue at the V10+ plant development stage.
  • RX601 maize seeds are sterilized for minute with a 10% clorox solution.
  • the seeds are rolled in germination paper, and germinated in 0.5 mM calcium sulfate solution for two days are 30° C.
  • the seedlings are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium at a rate of 2-3 seedlings per pot. Twenty pots are placed into a high CO 2 environment (approximately 1000 ppm CO 2 ). Twenty plants were grown under ambient greenhouse CO 2 (approximately 450 ppm CO 2 ).
  • Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 20-20-20 fertilizer is also lightly applied. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. At ten days post planting, the shoots from both atmosphere are frozen in liquid nitrogen and lightly ground. The roots are washed in deionized water to remove the support media and the tissue is immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz048 (Lib3079) cDNA library is generated from maize basal endosperm transfer layer tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected from V10+ maize plants. The ear shoots, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag prior to silk emergence, to withhold the pollen. Kernels are harvested at 12 days post-pollination and placed on wet ice for dissection. The kernels are cross sectioned laterally, dissecting just above the pedicel region, including 1-2 mm of the lower endosperm and the basal endosperm transfer region. The pedicel and lower endosperm region containing the basal endosperm transfer layer is pooled and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz049(Lib3088) cDNA library is generated from maize immature anther tissue at the 7 week old immature tassel stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles.
  • the daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F.
  • Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 7 week old immature tassel stage. At this stage, prior to anthesis, the immature anthers are green and enclosed in the staminate spikelet. The developing anthers are dissected away from the 7 week old immature tassel and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen container. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the CMz050 (Lib3114) cDNA library is generated from maize silk tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F.
  • Tissue is collected when the maize plant is beyond the 10-leaf development stage and the ear shoots are approximately 15-20 cm in length. The ears are pulled and silks are separated from the ears and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON001 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) total leaf tissue at the V4 plant development stage. Leaf tissue from 38, field grown V4 stage plants is harvested from the 4 th node. Leaf tissue is removed from the plants and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON002 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root tissue at the V4 plant development stage. Root tissue from 76, field grown V4 stage plants is harvested. The root systems is cut from the soybean plant and washed with water to free it from the soil and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON003 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling hypocotyl axis tissue harvested 2 day post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. Trays are placed in an environmental chamber and grown at 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Tissue is collected 2 days after the start of imbibition. The 2 days after imbibition samples are separated into 3 collections after removal of any adhering seed coat.
  • the hypocotyl axis is emerging from the soil. A few seedlings have cracked the soil surface and exhibited slight greening of the exposed cotyledons. The seedlings are washed in water to remove soil, hypocotyl axis harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON004 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling cotyledon tissue harvested 2 day post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. Trays are placed in an environmental chamber and grown at 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Tissue is collected 2 days after the start of imbibition. The 2 days after imbibition samples are separated into 3 collections after removal of any adhering seed coat.
  • the hypocotyl axis is emerging from the soil. A few seedlings have cracked the soil surface and exhibited slight greening of the exposed cotyledons. The seedlings are washed in water to remove soil, hypocotyl axis harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON005 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling hypocotyl axis tissue harvested 6 hour post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. Trays are placed in an environmental chamber and grown at 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Tissue is collected 6 hours after the start of imbibition. The 6 hours after imbibition samples are separated into 3 collections after removal of any adhering seed coat.
  • the 6 hours after imbibition sample is collected over the course of approximately 2 hours starting at 6 hours post imbibition. At the 6 hours after imbibition stage, not all cotyledons have become fully hydrated and germination, or radicle protrusion, has not occurred.
  • the seedlings are washed in water to remove soil, hypocotyl axis harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON006 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling cotyledons tissue harvest 6 hour post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. Trays are placed in an environmental chamber and grown at 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Tissue is collected 6 hours after imbibition. The 6 hours after imbibition samples are separated into 3 collections after removal of any adhering seed coat.
  • the 6 hours after imbibition sample is collected over the course of approximately 2 hours starting at 6 hours post-imbibition. At the 6 hours after imbibition, not all cotyledons have become fully hydrated and germination or radicle protrusion, have not occurred.
  • the seedlings are washed in water to remove soil, cotyledon harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON007 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 25 and 35 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 25 and 35 days after flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 4.4 g and 19.3 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON008 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) leaf tissue harvested from 25 and 35 days post-flowering plants. Total leaf tissue is harvested from field grown plants. Approximately 19 g and 29 g of leaves are harvested from the fourth node of the plant 25 and 35 days post-flowering and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON009 cDNA library is generated from soybean cutlivar C1944 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) pod and seed tissue harvested 15 days post-flowering. Pods from field grown plants are harvested 15 days post-flowering. Approximately 3 g of pod tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • soybean cutlivar C1944 USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.
  • the SOYMON010 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar C1944 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 40 days post-flowering. Pods from field grown plants are harvested 40 days post-flowering. Pods and seeds are separated, approximately 19 g of seed tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • soybean cultivar C1944 USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.
  • the SOYMON011 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil) (tropical germ plasma) leaf tissue. Leaves are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 30 g of leaves are harvested from the 4 th node of each of the Cristalina and FT108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Cristalina USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.
  • FT108 Monsoy, Brazil
  • the SOYMON012 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) leaf tissue. Leaves from field grown plants are harvested from the fourth node 15 days post-flowering. Approximately 12 g of leaves are harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON013 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root and nodule tissue. Approximately, 28 g of root tissue from field grown plants is harvested 15 days post-flowering. The root system is cut from the soybean plant, washed with water to free it from the soil and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON014 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 25 and 35 days after flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 15 days after flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 5 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON015 cDNA is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 45 and 55 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 45 and 55 days after flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 19 g and 31 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON016 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root tissue. Approximately, 61 g and 38 g of root tissue from field grown plants is harvested 25 and 35 days post-flowering is harvested. The root system is cut from the soybean plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is placed in 14 ml polystyrene tubes and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON017 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root tissue. Approximately 28 g of root tissue from field grown plants is harvested 45 and 55 days post-flowering. The root system is cut from the soybean plant, washed with water to free it from the soil and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON018 cDNA is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) leaf tissue harvested 45 and 55 days post-flowering. Leaves from field grown plants are harvested 45 and 55 days after flowering from the fourth node. Approximately 27 g and 33 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON019 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil) (tropical germ plasma) root tissue. Roots are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 50 g and 56 g of roots are harvested from each of the Cristalina and FT108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Cristalina USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.
  • FT108 Monsoy, Brazil
  • the SOYMON020 cDNA is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 65 and 75 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 45 and 55 days after flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 14 g and 31 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON021 cDNA library is generated from Soybean Cyst Nematode-resistant soybean cultivar Hartwig (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) root tissue. Plants are grown in tissue culture at room temperature. At approximately 6 weeks post-germination, the plants are exposed to sterilized Soybean Cyst Nematode eggs. Infection is then allowed to progress for 10 days. After the 10 day infection process, the tissue is harvested. Agar from the culture medium and nematodes are removed and the root tissue is immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON022 (Lib3030) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) partially opened flower tissue. Partially to fully opened flower tissue is harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. A total of 3 g of flower tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON023 cDNA library is generated from soybean genotype BW211S Null (Tohoku University, Morioka, Japan) seed tissue harvested 15 and 40 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 15 and 40 days post-flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 0.7 g and 14.2 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON024 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) internode-2 tissue harvested 18 days post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. The plants are grown in a greenhouse for 18 days after the start of imbibition at ambient temperature. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Stem tissue is harvested 18 days after the start of imbibition. The samples are divided into hypocotyl and internodes 1 through 5. The fifth internode contains some leaf bud material. Approximately 3 g of each sample is harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON025 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) leaf tissue harvested 65 days post-flowering. Leaves are harvested from the fourth node of field grown plants 65 days post-flowering. Approximately 18.4 g of leaf tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • SOYMON026 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root tissue harvested 65 and 75 days post-flowering. Approximately 27 g and 40 g of root tissue from field grown plants is harvested 65 and 75 days post-flowering. The root system is cut from the soybean plant, washed with water to free it from the soil and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON027 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 25 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 25 days post-flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 17 g of seeds are harvested from the seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON028 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought-stressed root tissue.
  • the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions.
  • water is withheld from half of the plant collection (drought stressed population).
  • half of the plants from the drought stressed condition and half of the plants from the control population are harvested.
  • After another 3 days (6 days post drought induction) the remaining plants are harvested.
  • a total of 27 g and 40 g of root tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON029 cDNA library is generated from Soybean Cyst Nematode-resistant soybean cultivar P107354 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) root tissue. Late fall to early winter greenhouse grown plants are exposed to Soybean Cyst Nematode eggs. At 10 days post-infection, the plants are uprooted, rinsed briefly and the roots frozen in liquid nitrogen. Approximately 20 grams of root tissue is harvested from the infected plants. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON030 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) flower bud tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Flower buds are removed from the plant at the pedicel. A total of 100 mg of flower buds are harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON031 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) carpel and stamen tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Flower buds are removed from the plant at the pedicel. Flowers are dissected to separate petals, sepals and reproductive structures (carpels and stamens). A total of 300 mg of carpel and stamen tissue are harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON032 cDNA library is prepared from the Asgrow cultivar A4922 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) rehydrated dry soybean seed meristem tissue. Surface sterilized seeds are germinated in liquid media for 24 hours. The seed axis is then excised from the barely germinating seed, placed on tissue culture media and incubated overnight at 20° C. in the dark. The supportive tissue is removed from the explant prior to harvest. Approximately 570 mg of tissue is harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON033 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) heat-shocked seedling tissue without cotyledons. Seeds are imbibed and germinated in vermiculite for 2 days under constant illumination. After 48 hours, the seedlings are transferred to an incubator set at 40° C. under constant illumination. After 30, 60 and 180 minutes seedlings are harvested and dissected. A portion of the seedling consisting of the root, hypocotyl and apical hook is frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ⁇ 80° C. The seedlings after 2 days of imbibition are beginning to emerge from the vermiculite surface. The apical hooks are dark green in appearance. Total RNA and poly A + RNA is prepared from equal amounts of pooled tissue.
  • the SOYMON034 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) cold-shocked seedling tissue without cotyledons. Seeds are imbibed and germinated in vermiculite for 2 days under constant illumination. After 48 hours, the seedlings are transferred to a cold room set at 5° C. under constant illumination. After 30, 60 and 180 minutes seedlings are harvested and dissected. A portion of the seedling consisting of the root, hypocotyl and apical hook is frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ⁇ 80° C. The seedlings after 2 days of imbibition are beginning to emerge from the vermiculite surface. The apical hooks are dark green in appearance.
  • the SOYMON035 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed coat tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Seeds are harvested from mid to nearly full maturation (seed coats are not yellowing). The entire embryo proper is removed from the seed coat sample and the seed coat tissue are harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON036 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars PI171451, P1227687 and P1229358 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) insect challenged leaves. Plants from each of the three cultivars are grown in screenhouse conditions. The screenhouse is divided in half and one half of the screenhouse is infested with soybean looper and the other half infested with velvetbean caterpillar. A single leaf is taken from each of the representative plants at 3 different time points, 11 days after infestation, 2 weeks after infestation and 5 weeks after infestation and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation. Total RNA and poly A+ RNA is isolated from pooled tissue consisting of equal quantities of all 18 samples (3 genotypes X 3 sample times X 2 insect genotypes).
  • the SOYMON037 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar A3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) etiolated axis and radical tissue. Seeds are planted in moist vermiculite, wrapped and kept at room temperature in complete darkness until harvest. Etiolated axis and hypocotyl tissue is harvested at 2, 3 and 4 days post-planting. A total of 1 gram of each tissue type is harvested at 2, 3 and 4 days after planting and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the SOYMON038 cDNA library is generated from soybean variety Asgrow A3237 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) rehydrated dry seeds. Explants are prepared for transformation after germination of surface-sterilized seeds on solid tissue media. After 6 days, at 28° C. and 18 hours of light per day, the germinated seeds are cold shocked at 4° C. for 24 hours. Meristemic tissue and part of the hypocotyl is remove and cotyledon excised. The prepared explant is then wounded for Agrobacterium infection. The 2 grams of harvested tissue is frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the Soy51 (LIB3027) cDNA library is prepared from equal amounts tissue harvested from SOYMON007, SOYMON015 and SOYMON020 prepared tissue.
  • Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols.
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template.
  • Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet.
  • the non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • the Soy52 (LIB3028) cDNA library is generated from normalized flower DNA.
  • Single stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units of SOYMON022 harvested tissue is used as the starting material for normalization.
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • the Soy53 (LIB3039) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling shoot apical meristem tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Apical tissue is harvested from seedling shoot meristem tissue, 7-8 days after the start of imbibition.
  • each seedling is dissected to include the fifth node to the apical meristem.
  • the fifth node corresponds to the third trifoliate leaf in the very early stages of development. Stipules completely envelop the leaf primordia at this time.
  • a total of 200 mg of apical tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the Soy54 (LIB3040) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) heart to torpedo stage embryo tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Seeds are collected and embryos removed from surrounding endosperm and maternal tissues.
  • Embryos from globular to young torpedo stages are collected with a bias towards the middle of this spectrum. Embryos which are beginning to show asymmetric development of cotyledons are considered the upper developmental boundary for the collection and are excluded. A total of 12 mg embryo tissue is frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy55 (LIB3049) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) young seed tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Seeds are collected from very young pods (5 to 15 days after flowering). A total of 100 mg of seeds are harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy56 (LIB3029) cDNA library is prepared from equal amounts tissue harvested from SOYMON007, SOYMON015 and SOYMON020 prepared tissue.
  • Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols.
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template.
  • Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet.
  • the non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are not converted to double stranded form and represent a non-normalized seed pool for comparison to Soy51 cDNA libraries.
  • TheSoy58 (LIB3050) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought stressed root tissue subtracted from control root tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of the plant drought is induced by withholding water. After 3 and 6 days root tissue from both drought stressed and control (watered regularly) plants are collected and frozen in dry-ice.
  • target cDNA is made from the drought stressed tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 ⁇ l 2 ⁇ SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.).
  • the Soy59 (LIB3051) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) endosperm tissue. Seeds are germinated on paper towels under laboratory ambient light conditions. At 8, 10 and 14 hours after imbibition, the seed coats are harvested. The endosperm consists of a very thin layer of tissue affixed to the inside of the seed coat. The seed coat and endosperm are frozen immediately after harvest in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the Soy60 (LIB3072) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought stressed seed plus pod subtracted from control seed plus pod tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 26° C. and the nighttime temperature 21° C. and 70% relative humidity. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of the plant drought is induced by withholding water.
  • target cDNA is made from the drought stressed tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 ⁇ l 2 ⁇ SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.).
  • the Soy61 (LIB3073) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) jasmonic acid treated seedling subtracted from control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in a greenhouse. The daytime temperature is approximately 29.4° C. and the nighttime temperature 20° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At 9 days post planting, the plantlets are sprayed with either control buffer of 0.1% Tween-20 or jasmonic acid (Sigma J-2500, Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.
  • target cDNA is made from the jasmonic acid treated tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 ⁇ l 2 ⁇ SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours.
  • the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.). For this library's construction, the eighth fraction of the cDNA size fractionation step was used for ligation.
  • the Soy62 (LIB3074) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) jasmonic acid treated seedling subtracted from control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in a greenhouse. The daytime temperature is approximately 29.4° C. and the nighttime temperature 20° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At 9 days post planting, the plantlets are sprayed with either control buffer of 0.1% Tween-20 or jasmonic acid (Sigma J-2500, Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.
  • target cDNA is made from the jasmonic acid treated tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 ⁇ l 2 ⁇ SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours.
  • the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.). For this library's construction, the ninth fraction of the cDNA size fractionation step was used for ligation.
  • the Soy65 (LIB3107) 07cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought-stressed abscission zone tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Plants are irrigated with 15-16-17 Peter's Mix. At the R3 stage of development, drought is imposed by withholding water.
  • tissue is harvested and wilting is not obvious until the fourth day.
  • Abscission layers from reproductive organs are harvested by cutting less than one millimeter proximal and distal to the layer and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the Soy66 (LIB3109) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) non-drought stressed abscission zone tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Plants are irrigated with 15-16-17 Peter's Mix. At 3, 4, 5 and 6 days, control abscission layer tissue is harvested. Abscission layers from reproductive organs are harvested by cutting less than one millimeter proximal and distal to the layer and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy67 (LIB3065) cDNA library is prepared from equal amounts tissue harvested from SOYMON007, SOYMON015 and SOYMON020 prepared tissue.
  • Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols.
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template.
  • Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. Captured hybrids are eluted with water.
  • Soy68 (LIB3052) cDNA library is prepared from equal amounts tissue harvested from SOYMON007, SOYMON015 and SOYMON020 prepared tissue.
  • Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1 ⁇ 10 6 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols.
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template.
  • Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction.
  • the single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize.
  • DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. Captured hybrids are eluted with water.
  • Soy69 (LIB3053) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil) (tropical germ plasma) normalized leaf tissue. Leaves are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 30 g of leaves are harvested from the 4 th node of each of the Cristalina and FT 108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Cristalina USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.
  • FT108 Monsoy, Brazil
  • RNA complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • Soy70 (LIB3055) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil) (tropical germ plasma) leaf tissue. Leaves are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 30 g of leaves are harvested from the 4 th node of each of the Cristalina and FT108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Cristalina USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.
  • FT108 Monsoy, Brazil
  • Soy71 (LIB3056) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina and FT108 (tropical germ plasma) root tissue. Roots are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 50 g and 56 g of roots are harvested from each of the Cristalina and FT108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy72 (LIB3093) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought stressed leaf control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 26° C. and the nighttime temperature 21° C. and 70% relative humidity. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of the plant drought is induced by withholding water.
  • target cDNA is made from the drought stressed tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 ⁇ l 2 ⁇ SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Soy73 (LIB3093) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought stressed leaf subtracted from control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 26° C. and the nighttime temperature 21° C. and 70% relative humidity. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of the plant drought is induced by withholding water.
  • target cDNA is made from the drought stressed tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 ⁇ l 2 ⁇ SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.).
  • the Soy76 (Lib3106) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) jasmonic acid and arachidonic treated seedling subtracted from control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in a greenhouse. The daytime temperature is approximately 29.4° C. and the nighttime temperature 20° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At 9 days post planting, the plantlets are sprayed with either control buffer of 0.1% Tween-20 or jasmonic acid (Sigma J-2500, Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.
  • target cDNA is made from the jasmonic acid treated tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 ⁇ l 2 ⁇ SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours.
  • the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.). Fraction 10 of the size fractionated cDNA is ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.) in order to capture some of the smaller transcripts characteristic of antifungal proteins.
  • Soy77 (LIB3108) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) jasmonic acid control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in a greenhouse. The daytime temperature is approximately 29.4° C. and the nighttime temperature 20° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At 9 days post planting, the plantlets are sprayed with either control buffer of 0.1% Tween-20 or jasmonic acid (Sigma J-2500, Sigma, St. Louis, Mo. U.S.A.) at 1 mg/ml in 0.1% Tween-20.
  • RNA from the arachidonic treated seedlings is isolated separately.
  • target cDNA is made from the jasmonic acid treated tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT.
  • the target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 ⁇ l 2 ⁇ SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours.
  • the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.). Fraction 10 of the size fractionated cDNA is ligated into the pSPORT vector in order to capture some of the smaller transcripts characteristic of antifungal proteins.
  • the Lib9 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana , Columbia ecotype, leaf tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. Leaf blades were cut with sharp scissors at seven weeks after planting. The tissue was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT) 25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • the Lib22 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype, root tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. After 5-6 weeks the plants are in the reproductive growth phase. Stems are bolting from the base of the plants. After 7 weeks, more stems, floral buds appear, and a few flowers are starting to open. The 7-week old plants are rinsed intensively by tope water remove dirt from the roots, and blotted by paper towel. The tissues are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • the Lib23 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana , Columbia ecotype, stem tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. Stems were collected seven to eight weeks after planting by cutting the stems from the base and cutting the top of the plant to remove the floral tissue. The tissue was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ⁇ 80° C. until total RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT) 25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • the Lib24 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana , Columbia ecotype, flower bud tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. Flower buds are green and unopened and harvested about seven weeks after planting. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until total RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT) 25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • the Lib25 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana , Columbia ecotype, open flower tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. Flowers are completely opened with all parts of floral structure observable, but no siliques are appearing. The tissue was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ⁇ 80° C. until total RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT) 25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • the Lib35 cDNA library of the present invention was prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype leaf tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. After 5-6 weeks the plants are in the reproductive growth phase. Stems are bolting from the base of the plants. After 7 weeks, more stems and floral buds appeared and a few flowers were starting to open. Leaf blades were collected by cutting with sharp scissors. The tissues were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ⁇ 80° C. until use. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT) 25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • the Lib 146 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana , Columbia ecotype, immature seed tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. At approximately 7-8 weeks of age, the seeds are harvested. The seeds ranged in maturity from the smallest seeds that could be dissected from silques to just before starting to turn yellow in color. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT) 25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library is normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • the Lib3032 (Lib80) cDNA libraries are generated from Brassica napus seeds harvested 30 days after pollination.
  • the cDNA libraries are constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA is used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis is carried out at 45° C.
  • the Lib3034 (Lib82) cDNA libraries are generated from Brassica napus seeds harvested 15 and 18 days after pollination.
  • the cDNA libraries are constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA is used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis was carried out at 45° C.
  • the Lib3099 cDNA library is generated by a subtraction procedure.
  • the library contains cDNAs whose abundance is enriched in the Brassica napus 15 and 18 day after pollination seed tissues when compared to Brassica leaf tissues.
  • the cDNA synthesis is performed on Brassica leaf RNA and Brassica RNA isolated from seeds harvested 15 and 18 days after pollination using a Smart PCR cDNA synthesis kit according to the manufacturers protocol (Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • the subtracted cDNA is generated using the Clontech PCR-Select subtraction kit according to the manufacturers protocol (Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • the subtracted cDNA was cloned into plasmid vector pCR2.1 according to the manufacturers protocol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • the Lib3033 (Lib81) cDNA libraries are generated from the Schizochytrium species cells.
  • the Schizochytrium species cells are grown in liquid media until saturation.
  • the culture is centrifuged to pellet the cells, the medium is decanted off, and pellet immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Wax esters are produced under such dark, anaerobic, rich-medium conditions. High wax production by the cultures is verified by microscopy (fluorescein staining of wax bodies) and by lipid extraction/TLC/GC.
  • the harvested cells are stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • RNA is prepared from the frozen Euglena cell pellet as follows. The pellet is pulverized to a powder in liquid nitrogen using a mortar and pestle.
  • the powder is transferred to tubes containing 6 ml each of lysis buffer (100 mM Tris, pH 8, 0.6 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, and 4% (w/v) SDS) and buffered phenol, vortexed, and disrupted with a Polytron.
  • the mixture is centrifuged 20 min at 10,000 ⁇ g in Corex glass tubes to separate the phases. 5 ml of the upper phase is removed, vortexed with 5 ml fresh phenol, and centrifuged.
  • the upper phase is removed and the RNA is precipitated overnight at 4° C. by adding 1.5 volumes of 4 M LiCl.
  • the RNA is further purified on Rneasy columns according to the manufacturers protocol (Qiagen, Valencia, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • the cDNA library is constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA was used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis was carried out at 45° C.
  • the Lib47 cDNA library is generated from Euglena gracilus strain 753 (ATTC No. 30285, ATCC Manasas, Va. U.S.A.) grown in liquid culture.
  • a liquid culture is innoculated with 1/10 volume of a previously-grown saturated culture, and the new culture for 4 days under near-anaerobic conditions (near-anaerobic cultures are not agitated, just gently swirled once a day) in the dark in 2 ⁇ Beef (10 g/l bacto peptone, 4 g/l yeast extract, 2 g/l beef extract, 6 g/l glucose).
  • the culture is then centrifuged to pellet the cells, the medium is decanted off, and pellet immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen.
  • Wax esters are produced under such dark, anaerobic, rich-medium conditions. High wax production by the cultures is verified by microscopy (fluorescein staining of wax bodies) and by lipid extraction/TLC/GC. The harvested cells are stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation. RNA is prepared from the frozen Euglena cell pellet as follows. The pellet is pulverized to a powder in liquid nitrogen using a mortar and pestle. The powder is transferred to tubes containing 6 ml each of lysis buffer (100 mM Tris, pH 8, 0.6 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, and 4% (w/v) SDS) and buffered phenol, vortexed, and disrupted with a Polytron.
  • lysis buffer 100 mM Tris, pH 8, 0.6 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, and 4% (w/v) SDS
  • the mixture is centrifuged 20 min at 10,000 ⁇ g in Corex glass tubes to separate the phases. 5 ml of the upper phase is removed, vortexed with 5 ml fresh phenol, and centrifuged. The upper phase is removed and the RNA is precipitated overnight at 4° C. by adding 1.5 volumes of 4 M LiCl. The RNA is further purified on Rneasy columns according to the manufacturers protocol (Qiagen, Valencia, Calif. U.S.A.). The cDNA library is constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA was used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis was carried out at 45° C.
  • Lib44 cDNA library is generated from Phaeodactylum tricornatum grown in modified Jones medium for 3 days. The cells were harvested by centrifugation and the resulting pellet frozen immediately in liquid nitrogen. The harvested cells are stored at ⁇ 80° C. until RNA preparation. RNA is prepared from the frozen Phaeodactylum cell pellet as follows. The pellet is pulverized to a powder in liquid nitrogen using a mortar and pestle. The powder is transferred to tubes containing 6 ml each of lysis buffer (100 mM Tris, pH 8, 0.6 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, and 4% (w/v) SDS) and buffered phenol, vortexed, and disrupted with a Polytron.
  • lysis buffer 100 mM Tris, pH 8, 0.6 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, and 4% (w/v) SDS
  • the mixture is centrifuged 20 min at 10,000 ⁇ g in Corex glass tubes to separate the phases. 5 ml of the upper phase is removed, vortexed with 5 ml fresh phenol, and centrifuged. The upper phase is removed and the RNA is precipitated overnight at 4° C. by adding 1.5 volumes of 4 M LiCl. The RNA is further purified on Rneasy columns according to the manufacturers protocol (Qiagen, Valencia, Calif. U.S.A.). The cDNA library is constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA was used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis was carried out at 45 degrees centigrade.
  • the LIB3036 genomic library is generated from Mycobacterium neoaurum US52 (ATCC No. 23072, ATCC, Manasas, Va. U.S.A.) cells.
  • Mycobacterium neoaurum US52 is a gram-positive Actinomycete bacterium.
  • Mycobacterium neoaurum US52 is genetically related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis , but there is no reason to believe that it is a primary pathogen. It normally is saprophytic, i.e. it lives in soil and gets nutrients from decaying matter.
  • Genomic DNA obtained from Mycobacterium neoaurum US52 is digested for various times with the restriction enzyme Sau3A.
  • the DNA fractions are size-separated on an agarose gel, and the first fraction wherein most of the partially-digested fragments are about 10 kB is used to isolated fragments in the range of 2-3 kB.
  • the 2-3 kB DNA is cloned into vector pRY401 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • the vector pZERO-2 Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif. U.S.A.
  • RNA is purified using Trizol reagent from Life Technologies (Gibco BRL, Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.), essentially as recommended by the manufacturer.
  • Poly A+ RNA (mRNA) is purified using magnetic oligo dT beads essentially as recommended by the manufacturer (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • the cDNA libraries are plated on LB agar containing the appropriate antibiotics for selection and incubated at 37° for a sufficient time to allow the growth of individual colonies. Single colonies are individually placed in each well of a 96-well microtiter plates containing LB liquid including the selective antibiotics. The plates are incubated overnight at approximately 37° C. with gentle shaking to promote growth of the cultures.
  • the plasmid DNA is isolated from each clone using Qiaprep plasmid isolation kits, using the conditions recommended by the manufacturer (Qiagen Inc., Santa Clara, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Template plasmid DNA clones are used for subsequent sequencing.
  • ABI PRISM dRhodamine Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit with AmpliTaq® DNA Polymerase, FS is used (PE Applied Biosystems, Foster City, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Nucleic acid sequences that encode for the following transcription factors: homeobox transcription factor, HLH transcription factor, leucine zipper transcription factor, zinc finger transcription factor and other transcription factors are identified from the Monsanto EST PhytoSeq database using TBLASTN (default values) (TBLASTN compares a protein query against the six reading frames of a nucleic acid sequence). Matches found with BLAST P values equal or less than 0.001 (probability) or BLAST Score of equal or greater than 90 are classified as hits. If the program used to determine the hit is HMMSW then the score refers to HMMSW score.
  • GenBank database is searched with BLASTN and BLASTX (default values) using ESTs as queries.
  • EST that pass the hit probability threshold of 10e ⁇ 8 for the following enzymes are combined with the hits generated by using TBLASTN (described above) and classified by enzyme (see Table A below).
  • clusters are formed on the basis of single-linkage relationships, it is possible for two non-overlapping clones to be members of the same cluster if, for instance, they both overlap a third clone with at least the predetermined minimum BLAST score (stringency).
  • a cluster ID is arbitrarily assigned to all of those clones which belong to the same cluster at a given stringency and a particular clone will belong to only one cluster at a given stringency. If a cluster contains only a single clone (a “singleton”), then the cluster ID number will be negative, with an absolute value equal to the clone ID number of its single member. Clones grouped in a cluster in most cases represent a contiguous sequence.
  • a cluster ID is arbitrarily assigned to all of those clones which belong to the same cluster at a given stringency and a particular clone will belong to only one cluster at a given stringency. If a cluster contains only a single clone (a “singleton”), then the cluster ID number will be negative, with an absolute value equal to the clone ID number of its single member.
  • the cluster ID entries in the table refer to the cluster with which the particular clone in each row is associated.
  • the clone ID number refers to the particular clone in the PhytoSeq database.
  • Each clone ID entry in the table refers to the clone whose sequence is used for (1) the sequence comparison whose scores are presented and/or (2) assignment to the particular cluster which is presented. Note that a clone may be included in this table even if its sequence comparison scores fail to meet the minimum standards for similarity. In such a case, the clone is included due solely to its association with a particular cluster for which sequences of one or more other member clones possess the required level of similarity.
  • the library ID refers to the particular cDNA library from which a given clone is obtained. Each cDNA library is associated with the particular tissue(s), line(s) and developmental stage(s) from which it is isolated.
  • NCBI gi National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank Identifier
  • the entry in the “Method” column of the table refers to the type of BLAST search that is used for the sequence comparison. “CLUSTER” is entered when the sequence comparison scores for a given clone fail to meet the minimum values required for significant similarity. In such cases, the clone is listed in the table solely as a result of its association with a given cluster for which sequences of one or more other member clones possess the required level of similarity.
  • Each entry in the “Score” column of the table refers to the BLAST score that is generated by sequence comparison of the designated clone with the designated GenBank sequence using the designated BLAST method. This entry is omitted when a clone is included solely due to its association with a particular cluster. If the program used to determine the hit is HMMSW then the score refers to HMMSW score.
  • the entries in the P-Value column refer to the probability that such matches occur by chance.
  • the entries in the “% Ident” column of the table refer to the percentage of identically matched nucleotides (or residues) that exist along the length of that portion of the sequences which is aligned by the BLAST comparison to generate the statistical scores presented. This entry is omitted when a clone is included solely due to its association with a particular cluster.

Abstract

The present invention is in the field of plant biochemistry. More specifically the invention relates to nucleic acid sequences from plant cells, in particular, nucleic acid sequences from maize, soybean and Arabidopsis thaliana associated with transcription factors. The invention encompasses nucleic acid molecules that encode proteins and fragments of proteins. In addition, the invention also encompasses proteins and fragments of proteins so encoded and antibodies capable of binding these proteins or fragments. The invention also relates to methods of using the nucleic acid molecules, proteins and fragments of proteins and antibodies, for example for genome mapping, gene identification and analysis, plant breeding, preparation of constructs for use in plant gene expression and transgenic plants.

Description

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/922,293 filed Aug. 6, 2001, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/229,413 filed Jan. 12, 1999. The disclosures of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Application Ser. No. 09/229,413 filed Jan. 12, 1999 claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) and/or 35 U.S.C. § 120 of applications No. 60/067,000 filed Nov. 24, 1997; No. 60/069,472 filed Dec. 9, 1997; No. 60/071,479 filed Jan. 13, 1998; No. 60/074,201 filed Feb. 10, 1998; No. 60/074,282 filed Feb. 10, 1998; No. 60/074,280 filed Feb. 10, 1998; No. 60/074,281 filed Feb. 10, 1998; No. 60/074,566 filed Feb. 12, 1998; No. 60/074,567 filed Feb. 12, 1998; No. 60/074,565 filed Feb. 12, 1998; No. 60/075,462 filed Feb. 19, 1998; No. 60/074,789 filed Feb. 19, 1998; No. 60/075,459 filed Feb. 19, 1998; No. 60/075,461 filed Feb. 19, 1998; No. 60/075,464 filed Feb. 19, 1998; No. 60/075,460 filed Feb. 19, 1998; No. 60/075,463 filed Feb. 19, 1998; No. 60/077,231 filed Mar. 9, 1998; No. 60/077,229 filed Mar. 9, 1998; No. 60/077,230 filed Mar. 9, 1998; No. 60/078,368 filed Mar. 18, 1998; No. 60/080,844 filed Apr. 7, 1998; No. 60/083,067 filed Apr. 27, 1998; No. 60/083,386 filed Apr. 29, 1998; No. 60/083,387 filed Apr. 29, 1998; No. 60/083,388 filed Apr. 29, 1998; No. 60/083,389 filed Apr. 29, 1998; No. 60/085,224 filed May 13, 1998; No. 60/085,223 filed May 13, 1998; No. 60/085,222 filed May 13, 1998; No. 60/085,533 filed May 15, 1998; No. 60/086,186 filed May 21, 1998; No. 60/086,187 filed May 21, 1998; No. 60/086,185 filed May 21, 1998; No. 60/086,184 filed May 21, 1998; No. 60/086,183 filed May 21, 1998; No. 60/086,188 filed May 21, 1998; No. 60/089,524 filed Jun. 16, 1998; No. 60/089,810 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/089,814 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/089,808 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/089,812 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/089,807 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/089,806 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/089,813 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/089,811 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/089,793 filed Jun. 18, 1998; No. 60/091,405 filed Jun. 30, 1998; No. 60/091,247 filed Jun. 30, 1998; No. 60/099,667 filed Sep. 9, 1998; No. 60/099,668 filed Sep. 9, 1998; No. 60/099,670 filed Sep. 9, 1998; No. 60/099,697 filed Sep. 9, 1998; No. 60/100,674 filed Sep. 16, 1998; No. 60/100,673 filed Sep. 16, 1998; No. 60/100,672 filed Sep. 16, 1998; No. 60/100,963 filed Sep. 17, 1998; No. 60/101,131 filed Sep. 21, 1998; No. 60/101,132 filed Sep. 21, 1998; No. 60/101,130 filed Sep. 21, 1998; No. 60/101,508 filed Sep. 22, 1998; No. 60/101,344 filed Sep. 22, 1998; No. 60/101,347 filed Sep. 22, 1998; No. 60/101,343 filed Sep. 22, 1998; No. 60/101,707 filed Sep. 25, 1998; No. 60/104,126 filed Oct. 13, 1998; No. 60/104,128 filed Oct. 13, 1998; No. 60/104,127 filed Oct. 13, 1998; No. 60/104,124 filed Oct. 13, 1998; No. 60/109,018 filed Nov. 18, 1998; No. 60/108,996 filed Nov. 18, 1998; No. 09/199,129 filed Nov. 24, 1998 (pending); No. 09/210,297 filed Dec. 8, 1998 (abandoned) No. 60/111,981 filed Dec. 11, 1998; and No. 60/113,224 filed Dec. 22, 1998, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
    • INCORPORATION OF SEQUENCE LISTING
  • A paper copy of the sequence listing and a computer-readable form of the sequence listing submitted electronically via EFS web, containing the file named “SequenceListing.txt”, which is 1,929,753 bytes in size (measured in MS-DOS), and which was created on Nov. 18, 2008, are herein incorporated by reference.
    • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention is in the field of plant biochemistry. More specifically the invention relates to nucleic acid sequences from plant cells, in particular, nucleic acid sequences from maize and soybean plants and Arabidopsis thaliana associated with transcription in plants. The invention encompasses nucleic acid molecules that encode proteins and fragments of proteins. In addition, the invention also encompasses proteins and fragments of proteins so encoded and antibodies capable of binding these proteins or fragments. The invention also relates to methods of using the nucleic acid molecules, proteins and fragments of proteins and antibodies, for example for genome mapping, gene identification and analysis, plant breeding, preparation of constructs for use in plant gene expression and transgenic plants.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • I. Transcription Factors
  • Eukaryotic transcription utilizes three different RNA polymerases. RNA polymerase I is located in the nucleolus and catalyzes the synthesis of ribosomal RNA. RNA polymerase II and III are present in the nucleoplasm. DNA dependent RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase III transcription complexes is responsible for the transcription of the genes that encode small nuclear RNAs and transfer RNA. RNA polymerase II transcribes the majority of the nuclear structural genes which typically encode proteins (type II genes).
  • In higher eukaryotes type II gene expression is often regulated, at least in part, at the level of transcription. A typical type II gene has one or more regulatory regions which include a promoter and one or more structural regions which is transcribed into precursor and messenger RNA. Type II genes are characterized by an upstream promoter region. Such regions are typically found between the start of transcription and 2000 bases distal to that transcriptional start site. Different combinations of sequence motifs can be associated with the upstream promoter region. These sequence motifs are recognized by sequence specific DNA binding proteins (transcription factors).
  • The polypeptide chains of transcription factors are usually divided into two functionally different regions, one that specifically binds to nucleic acid molecules and another that is associated with the activation of transcription. These functions are often present on different domains.
  • Several distinct structural elements or DNA binding domains which allow the transcription factor to bind to DNA in a sequence specific manner have been identified (Branden and Tooze, Introduction to Protein Structure, Garland Publishing, Inc., New York (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). These binding domains often range in size from approximately 20 residues to more than 80 residues. Many DNA binding domain exhibit one or another of the following structural motifs: the helix-turn-helix motif, the zinc finger motif, and the leucine zipper motif. Other structural motifs include: the helix-loop-helix motif, the pou motif and the multi-cysteine zinc finger.
  • Two sequence motifs or cis elements, the TATA box and the CAAT box are located within the promoter region of most type II genes. An AT-rich sequence called a TATA box is located approximately 30 nucleotides upstream from the start of transcription and is reported to play a role in positioning the start of transcription. A TATA box binding protein or TFIID factor has been identified that binds to this region (Hancock, Nucleic Acid Research 21: 2823-2830 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gasch et al., Nature 346: 390-394 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) (the TFIID factor is also referred to as the TBP/TAF factors). It has been reported that binding of TFIID to the TATA box plays a role in the assembly of other transcription factors to form a complex capable of initiating transcription (Nakajima et al., Mole. Cell. Biol. 8: 4038-4040 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Van Dyke et al., Science 241: 1335-1338 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Buratowski et al., Cell 56: 549-561 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • In addition to the TATA box sequence, a CAAT box sequence is usually located approximately 75 bases upstream of the start of transcription. A CAAT box sequence binds a number of proteins, some of which are expressed in all tissues while others are expressed in a tissue specific manner (Branden and Tooze, Introduction to Protein Structure, Garland Publishing, Inc., New York (1990). One example of a CAAT box binding protein is the protein referred to as the CAAT box binding protein (C/EBP).
  • The G-box is a cis-acting element found within the promoters of many plant genes where it mediates expression in response to a variety of different stimuli (Schindler et al., EMBO J. 11:1275-1289 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The G-box comprises a palindromic DNA motif (CACGTG) which is composed of two identical half sites (Donald et al., EMBO J. 9:1727-1735 (1990); Izawa et al., J. Mol. Biol. 230:1131-1144 (1993) Schindler et al., Plant Cell 4:1309-1319 (1992); Schindler et al., EMBO J. 11: 1275-1289 (1992); Odea et al., EMBO J. 10:1793-1991 (1991) Weisshaar et al., EMBO J. 10:1777-1786 (1991); and Zhang et al., Plant J. 4:711-716 (1993), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). Both half sites are involved in the binding of the bZIP protein, GBF1, a member of the family Arabidopsis thaliana. The bZIP protein has been characterized in at least 19 other plant species (Erlich et al., Gene 117:169-178 (1992); Foley et al., Plant J. 3: 669-679 (1993); Guiltinan et al., Science 250:267-271 (1990); Kawata et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 20:1141 (1992); Katagiri et al., Nature 340:727-730 (1989); Odea et al., EMBO J. 10: 1793-1991 (1991); Pysh et al., Plant Cell 5:227-236 (1993); Schindler et al., Plant Cell 4:1309-1319 (1992); Schmidt et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 87:46-50 (1990); Singh et al., Plant Cell 2: 891-903 (1990); Tabata et al., EMBO J. 10:1459-1467 (1991); Tabata et al., Science 245:965-967 (1989); Weisshaar et al., EMBO J. 10: 1777-1786 (1991); Zhang et al., Plant J. 4:711-716 (1993), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). Each of these proteins recognizes DNA sequences that share the central core sequence ACGT. bZIP transcription factors are characterized by the presence of a basic domain and a leucine zipper.
  • Plant bZIP proteins have been shown to bind regulatory elements from a wide variety of inducible plant genes including those regulated by cell cycle, light, UV light, drought and pathogen infections (Ehrlich et al., Gene 117: 169-178 (1992), Donald et al., EMBO J. 9:1727-1735 (1990); Guiltinan et al., Science 250:267-271 (1990); Katagiri et al., Nature 340:727-730 (1989); Oeda et al., EMBO J. 10: 1793-1991 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Tabata et al., EMBO J. 10: 1459-1467 (1991); Weisshaar et al., EMBO J. 10: 1777-1786 (1991); Holdworth et al., Plant Molecular Biology 29: 711-720 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Mikami et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 248: 573-582 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Specific transcription factors contribute to the quantitative and qualitative gene expression within a cell. The activity of a given transcription factors can effect cell physiology, metabolism, and/or the cell's ability to differentiate and communicate or associate with other cells within an organism. The regulation of the transcription of a gene may be the result of the activity of one or more transcription factors. Transcription factors are involved in the regulation of constitutive expression, inducible expression (such as expression in response to an environmental stimuli), and developmentally regulated expression.
  • Transcription factor gene families have been reported in plants (Martin and Paz-Ares, Trends in Genetics 13: 43-84 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Riechmann and Meyerowitz, Bio. Chem. 378: 1079-1101 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The MADS-box transcription factor family is one example of a transcription factor gene family found in plants as well as other organisms (Riechmann and Meyerowitz, Bio. Chem. 378: 1079-1101 (1997); Noda et al., Nature 369: 661-664 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Schwarz-Sommer et al., EMBO J. 11: 251-263 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Yanofsky et al., Nature 346: 35-39 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Drews et al., Cell 65: 991-1002 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Mizukami and Ma, Cell 71: 119-131 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Mandal et al., Nature 360: 273-277 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gustafson-Brown et al., Cell 76: 131-143 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Jack et al., Cell 68: 703-716 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Goto and Meyerowitz, Genes and Development 8: 1548-1560 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Kriek and Meyerowitz, Development 122: 11-22 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Kempin et al., Science 267: 522-525 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Ma et al., Genes and Development 5: 484-495 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Flanagan et al., Plant J. 10: 343-353 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Flanagan and Ma, Plant Mol. Biol. 26: 581-595 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Huang et al., Plant Cell 8: 81-94 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Savidge et al., Plant Cell 7: 721-733 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Mandal and Yanofsky, Plant Cell 7: 1763-1771 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Roundsley et al., Plant Cell 7: 1259-1269 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Heck et al., Plant Cell 7: 1271-1282 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Perry et al., Plant Cell 8: 1977-1989 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Bradley et al., Cell 72: 85-95 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Huijser et al., EMBO J. 11: 1239-1249 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Sommer et al., EMBO J. 9: 605-613 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Trober et al., EMBO J. 11: 4693-4704 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Schwarz-Sommer et al., EMBO J. 11: 251-263 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Davies et al., EMBO J. 15: 4330-4343 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Zachgo et al., Development 121: 2861-2875 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Tsuchimoto et al., Plant Cell 5: 843-853 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Angenent et al., Plant J. 5: 33-44 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Van der Krol et al., Genes and Development 7: 1214-1228 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Angenent et al., Plant Cell 7: 505-516 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Angenent et al., Plant Cell 4: 983-993 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Angenent et al., Plant J. 5: 33-44 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Angenent et al., Plant J. 4: 101-112 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Angenent et al., Plant Cell 7: 1569-1582 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Columbo et al., Plant Cell 7: 1859-1868 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • MADS-box transcription factors have been shown to bind to DNA and alter transcription by both induction and repression. Examples are known where MADS-box transcription factors exert their transcriptional regulation by binding and interacting individually, as homodimers or heterodimers, or through heterologous associations with non-MADS-box transcription factors. However, MADS transcription factors typically form dimers (Riechmann and Meyerowitz, Bio. Chem. 378: 1079-1101 (1997). MADS box transcription factors are defined by the signature MADS domain which is the most highly conserved portion of the protein among all the family members. In plants, additional domains (the I region, K-domain, and C-terminal region, in linear order) have been reported which are characteristic of the plant specific branch of this family.
  • The MADS domain is an approximately 57 amino acid domain located at or near the N-terminal portion of the MADS-box transcription factor (with approximately 260 amino acids in the total protein). This domain is highly conserved and is the most uniquely defining element of the family. For example, two homologues, APETALA1 from Arabidopsis and ZAP1 from Zea mays, show 89% identity over MADS domain. Conservation of this domain may be linked to its function as the portion of the protein that directly interacts with the target DNA binding site. The MADS domain is responsible for specifically binding DNA at A-T rich sequences referred to as CArG-boxes, whose consensus sequence has been reported as CC(A/T)6GG (Shore and Sharrocks, Eur. J. Biochem. 229: 1-13 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • The I domain spans approximately 30 amino acid sequence of poor sequence conservation compared to the MADS-domain. The intervening-region links the MADS domain region with the K-domain. Its length and sequence is variable and may be absent from some family members.
  • The K domain is an approximately 70 amino acid domain that is unique to the plant family members of the MADS-box gene superfamily. It is found in the majority of plant MADS-box genes. It has weak similarity to portions of animal keratin and is predicted to form amphipathic alpha helices which may facilitate interaction with other proteins. It has been reported that the structural conformation of this domain is a contributing constraint on conservation of this sequence. The K-domain typically exhibits less overall amino acid conservation than the MADS-domain, but between homologue genes such as APETALA1 from Arabidopsis and ZAP1 from Zea mays, this similarity can still be high (approximately 70%).
  • The C terminal domain, along with the I-domain, is the least conserved portions of the MADS-box gene family member in plants. Although exact functions for this approximately 90-100 amino acid domain have not been determined, there are known mutations within this region that lead to distinct developmental abnormalities in plants which indicate a role in transcriptional regulation. Conservation of this domain increases with increasing evolutionary closeness of species and homologues under comparison.
  • Genetic and molecular analysis have shown that transcription factors belonging to the MADS transcription factor family, at least in part, regulate diverse functions (Riechmann and Meyerowitz, Bio. Chem. 378: 1079-1101 (1997). MADS transcription factors often exert their effect in a homeotic manner (e.g. loss of AG activity (a MADS transcription factor) in Arabidopsis homeotically transforms the third and fourth whorl organs and eliminates floral determinacy) (Mena et al., Science 274: 1537-1540 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). MADS transcription factors can regulate different processes. For example, the role of certain MADS transcription factors in floral development is reviewed in Riechmann and Meyerowitz, Bio. Chem. 378: 1079-1101 (1997). MADS transcription factors are also involved in the regulation of other plant processes such as phytochrome regulation (Wang et al., Plant Cell 9: 491-507 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and seed development (Colombo et al., Plant Cell 9: 703-715 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Another family of transcription factors found in plants are MYB transcription factors. MYB transcription factors generally contain three repeats (R1, R2 and R3). The MYB DNA binding domain of plant proteins usually consists of two imperfect repeats of about 50 residues (Baranowskij et al., EMBO J. 13: 5383-5392 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). MYB transcription factors exhibit a helix-turn-helix motif (Ogata et al., Cell 79: 639-648 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The DNA binding specificity of plant MYB proteins differs. For example, the maize P protein recognizes the motif [C/A]TCC[T/A]ACC similar to that bound by AmMYB305 from Antirhinum, and neither of these proteins appears to bind to the similar vertebrate MYB consensus motif (TAACNG) (Grotewold et al., Cell 76: 543-553 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Solano et al., EMBO J. 14: 1773-1784 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Small changes in the amino acid sequence of a MYB transcription factor can alter the DNA binding properties of that transcription factor. For example, PMYB3 from Petunia binds to two sequences, MBSI (TAAC[C/G] GTT) and MBSII (TAACTAAG) (Solano et al., EMBO J. 14: 1773-1784 (1995)). In the case of PMYB3, it has been shown that a substitution of a single residue in the R2 recognition helix switches the dual DNA-binding specificity to that of c-MYB, and the reciprocal substitution in c-MYB gives dual DNA-binding specificity similar to PhMYB3.
  • Mutations in residues that do not contact bases may also effect sequence-specific binding and have been reported to account for some of the differences in DNA-binding specificity between plant MYB proteins (Suzuki, Proc Jap. Acad. Series B 71: 27-31 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Of the eight putative base-contacting residues in MYB proteins, six are fully conserved in all plant MYB proteins, and the remaining two are conserved in at least 80% of these proteins. Nonetheless MYB transcription factors exhibit different nucleic acid sequence specificities and different strengths of contacts (Solano et al., Plant J. 8: 673-682 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In addition, temporal patterns of accumulation of RNA of different plant MYB genes may be effected by environmental stimuli, such as light, salt stress or the plant hormones, gibberellic acid and abscisic acid (Urao et al., Plant Cell 5: 1529-1539 (1993); Jackson et al., Plant Cell 3: 115-125 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Cone et al., Plant Cell 5: 1795-1805 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Noda et al., Nature 369: 661-664 (1994); Larkin et al., Plant Cell 5: 1739-1748 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gubler et al., Plant Cell 7: 1879-1891 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Hattari et al., Genes Dev. 6: 609-618 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • In plants distinct functions for different MYB transcription factors have been reported including controlling secondary metabolism, regulation of cellular morphogenesis and the signal transduction pathways. MYB proteins are reported to play a role in the control of phenylpropanoid metabolism. Phenylpropanoid metabolism is one of the three main types of secondary metabolism in plants involving modification of compounds derived initially from phenylalanine. Through one branch (flavonoid metabolism) it is responsible for the production of a majority group of plant pigments (the anthocyanins) and other minor groups (aurones and phlobaphenes) and it also produces compounds that modify pigmentation through chemical interaction with the anthocyanins (co-pigmentation), such as the flavones and flavonols. Flavones and flavonols also serve to absorb ultraviolet light to protect plants. Several flavanoids act as signalling molecules in legumes inducing gene expression in symbiotic bacteria in a species-specific manner, and others act as factors required for pollen maturation and pollen germination in some plant species. A number of flavanoids and related phenylpropanoids (such as stilbenes) also act as defensive agents (phytoallexins) against biotic and abiotic stresses in particular plant species. Another branch of phenylpropanoid metabolism produces the precursors for production of lignin, the strengthening and waterproofing material of plant vascular tissue and one of the principal components of wood. This branch also produces other soluble phenolics, which can serve as signalling molecules, cell-wall crosslinking agents and antioxidants.
  • The C1 transcription factor (a MYB transcription factor) activates transcription of genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the anthocyanin pigments in the outer layer of cells of the maize seed endosperm (the aleurone) (Paz-Ares et al., EMBO J. 5: 829-833 (1986) Cone et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 83: 9631-9635 (1986), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). Activation has been reported for at least five genes in the pathway to anthocyanin. Activation by C1 involves a partner transcriptional activator found in aleurone, a protein similar to a MYB transcription factor. These proteins also interact with other members of the R-protein family to regulate anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression (Cone et al., Plant Cell 5: 1795-1805 (1993)). For example, in maize, another MYB protein, ZmMYB1, can activate one of the structural genes required for anthocyanin production (Franken et al., Plant J. 6: 21-30 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), while yet another, ZmMYB38, inhibits C1-mediated activation of the same promoter.
  • Reiteration of MYB-gene function reportedly occurs in the control of a branch of flavonoid metabolism producing the red phlobaphene pigments from intermediates in flavonoid metabolism. This pathway is under control of the P gene in maize, which encodes a MYB-related protein (Grotewold et al., Cell 76: 543-553 (1994)). The P gene product activates a subset of the genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. The P-binding site is contained within the promoters of these target genes (Li and Parish, Plant J. 8: 963-972 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In maize, at least two different MYB proteins serve to direct flavonoid metabolism along different routes by selective activation of target genes.
  • In other plant species MYB proteins can serve similar roles in the control of phenylpropanoid metabolism as, for example, in Petunia flowers. MYB proteins can also serve to regulate other branches of phenylpropanoid metabolism. In Antirrhinum majus and tobacco AmMYB305 (or its homologue in tobacco) can activate the gene encoding the first enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL (Urao et al., Plant Cell 5: 1529-1539 (1993)). Some MYB genes have been shown to be highly expressed in tissues such as differentiating xylem and may act to influence the branch of phenylpropanoid metabolism involved in lignin production (Campbell et al., Plant Physiol. 108 (Suppl.), 28 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • A second reported role for plant MYB genes is in the control of cell shape. For example, the MIXTA gene of Antirrhinum and the homologue PhMYB1 gene from Petunia have been shown to play a role in the development of the conical form of petal epidermal cells and the GL1 gene of Arabidopsis has been shown to be essential for the differentiation of hair cells (trichomes) in some parts of the leaf and in the stem (Noda et al., Nature 369: 661-664 (1994); Oppenheimer et al., Cell 67: 483-493 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Mur, PhD Thesis, Vrije Univ. of Amsterdam (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Overexpression of MIXTA in transgenic tobacco results in trichome formation on pedals, suggesting that conical petal cells might be ‘trichoblasts’ arrested at an early stage in trichome formation.
  • GLI of Arabidopsis is associated with the expansion in the size of the cell that develops into the trichome, and it acts upstream of a number of other genes (Huilskamp et al., Cell 76: 555-566 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). GLI mutants can exhibit cellular outgrowths that do not develop into full branched trichomes. GL2 of Arabidopsis encodes a homeodomain protein that is associated with chome development (Rerie et al., Genes Dev. 8: 1388-1399 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The GL2 gene promoter contains motifs very similar to the binding sites of P and AmMYB305 transcription factors (Rerie et al., Genes Dev. 8: 1388-1399 (1994)).
  • The conical cells produced by the action of the MIXTA gene of Antirrhinum resemble the limited outgrowths produced in Arabidopsis g12 mutants where trichome formation is aborted. In its regulation of trichome formation, GL1 interacts with the product of the TTG gene, which is required for trichome formation and anthocyanin production (Lloyd et al., Science 258: 1773-1775 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Expression of the maize R gene complements the ttg mutation and it has been reported that the TTG gene product is also a R-related protein that interacts with GL1 in a matter analogous to the interaction of C1 and R in maize (Lloyd et al., Science 258: 1773-1775 (1992)).
  • A further reported role for plant MYB proteins is in hormonal responses during seed development and germination. A barley MYB protein (GAMY) whose expression is induced by gibberellic acid (GA) has been shown to activate expression of a gene encoding a high pI α-amylase that is synthesized in barley aleurone upon germination for the mobilization of starch in the endosperm (Larkin et al., Plant Cell 5: 1739-1748 (1993). Expression of GAMYB is induced by treatment of aleurone layers with GA and expression of the α-amylase gene is induced subsequently. There is a suggestion that other GA-inducible genes can also respond to activation by MYB proteins during seed germination because MYB-like motifs from other GA-responsive gene promoters have been shown to direct reporter gene expression in response to GA (Larkin et al., Plant Cell 5: 1739-1748 (1993)). In addition, some MYB genes are expressed in response to GA treatment of Petunia petals (Mur, Ph.D. Thesis, Vrije Univ. of Amsterdam (1995)).
  • Treatment with another plant hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), induces expression of AtMYB2 in Arabidopsis, a MYB gene that is also induced in response to dehydration or salt stress (Shinozaki et al., Plant Mol. 19: 439-499 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In maize, expression of the C1 gene is also ABA-responsive, where it is involved in the formation of anthocyanin in the developing kernels (Larkin et al., Plant Cell 5: 1739-1748 (1993)). The rd22 gene promoter contains MYC-recognition sequences suggesting that AtMYB2 can interact with a bHLH protein to induce gene transcription in response to dehydration or salt stress (Iwasaki et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 247: 391-398 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Plant transcription factors that fall within the helix-loop-helix class of transcription factors have been reported. These include the transcription factor encoded by the Zea mays R and B class gene (Radicella et al., Genes and Development 6: 2152-2164 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Alleles that have been identified at the b and r loci show differences in developmental or tissue specific expression.
  • Homeodomain transcription factors have been isolated from different plant species (Ma et al., Plant. Molec. Biol. 24: 465-473 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Muller et al., Nature 374: 727 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Lincoln et al., Plant Cell 6: 1859-1876 (1994), entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Hareven et al., Cell 84: 735-744 (1996), entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Vollbrecht et al., Nature 350: 241-243 (1991)).
  • The homeodomain contains three α-helices (Quain et al., Cell 59: 573-580 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Residues in helix 3 contact the major groove of a nucleic acid in a sequence specific manner. Although structurally similar, different homeodomains are able to recognize diverse binding sites (Hanes et al., Cell 57: 1275-1283 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Treisamn et al., Genes Dev. 5: 594-604 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Affolter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 87: 4093-4097 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Percival-Smith et al., EMBO J. 9: 3967-3974 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • One class of homeodomain transcription factors are those that share a conserved cysteine-rich motif as illustrated by the Arabidopsis GLABRA2 homeodomain protein and the Zea mays KNOTTED1 (KN1)-like proteins (Vollbrecht et al., Nature 350: 241-243 (1991), Ma et al., Plant. Molec. Biol. 24: 465-473 (1994)). The morphological mutation Knotted1 in Zea mays alters the developmental fate of cells in leaf blades with wild-type expression of the gene localized in the meristem and ground tissue but absent from leaves or leaf primordia (Hake, Trends in Genetics 8:109-114 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Freeling and Hake, Genetics 111: 617-634 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In addition to having a homeodomain, the kn1 class of genes in Zea mays encode an ELK domain which contains repeating hydrophobic residues (Kerstetter et al., Plant Cell 6: 1877-1887 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Kn1-like homeodomain genes have been reported in other plants, such as Arabidopsis (Lincoln et al., Plant Cell 6: 1859-1876 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), tomato and soybean (Ma et al., Plant Molecular Biology 24: 465-473 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Homeodomain transcription factors have been associated with the regulation of cell to cell communication and development in plants. Presence of the KNOTTED1 homeodomain transcription factor in a plant cell can lead to an increase in plasmodesmal size permitting the transport of larger molecules between cells (Lucas et al., Science 270: 1980-1983 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Another class of transcription factors, the polycomb-like transcription factors, have been reported in plants (Goodrich et al., Nature 386: 44-51 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Wild type CLF, a polycomb-like transcription factor, isolated from Arabidopsis, exhibits extensive structural homology with Drosphilia Pc-G genes plants (Goodrich et al., Nature 386: 44-51 (1997)). Like Drosphilia Pc-G genes, the CLF genes encodes for a SET domain and two cysteine rich regions. CLF, while not being necessary for initial specification of stamen and carpel development, is reportedly necessary to later stages of development plants and represses a second transcription factor AGAMOUS (Goodrich et al., Nature 386: 44-51 (1997); Schumacher and Magnuson, Trends in Genetics 13(5): 167-170 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • A further class of transcription factors, those containing an AP2 domain, a conserved motif first identified in Arabidopsis (a floral mutant), has been identified in a number of plants (Jofuka et al., Plant Cell 6: 1211-1225 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Weigal et al., Plant Cell 7: 388-389 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The AP2 domain, which is a DNA-binding motif of about 60 amino acid has been reported, for example, to be present in the Arabidopsis transcription factors CBF1, APETALA2, AINTEGUMENTA, and TINY; as well as the tobacco ethylene response element binding proteins (Moose and Sisco, Genes and Development 10: 3018-3027 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Weigal et al., reports a 24 amino acid AP2 consensus domain which is predicted to form an amphipathic α-helix that may mediate protein-protein interactions (Weigal et al., Plant Cell 7: 388-389 (1995)).
  • Mutations of transcription factors containing an AP2 domain have been to effect floral and ovule development (Meyerowitz et al., Cell 88: 299-308 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Other transcription factors from this family have been reported to play a role in cold- and dehydration-regulated gene expression (Stockinger et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 94(3): 035-1040 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Zinc-finger proteins have been isolated from plants (Takatsuji and Matsumoto, J. Biol. Chem. 271: 23368-23373 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Messner, Plant Mol. Biol. 33: 615-624 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Dietrich et al., Cell 88: 685-694 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Pater et al., Nucleic Acid Research 24: 4624-4631 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Tague and Goodman, Plant Mole. Biol. 28: 267-279 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Putterill et al., Cell 80: 847-857 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Takatsuji et al., Plant Cell 6: 947-958 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Zinc-finger proteins have been associated with a number of processes in plants including cell death (Dietrich et al., Cell 88: 685-694 (1997)) and flower morphology (Pater et al., Nucleic Acid Research 24: 4624-4631 (1996)).
  • The term zinc-finger has been applied to a broad set of protein motifs. Zinc-finger transcription factors may be subdivided into a number of categories. A category of zinc-finger transcription factors referred to as the C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors (also referred to as either TFIIA or Krüpell-like zinc fingers) (Meissner and Michael, Plant Molecular Biology 33: 615-624 (1997); Takatsuji et al., EMBO J. 11: 241-249 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Tague and Goodman, Plant Mol. Biol. 28: 267-279 (1995); Takasuji et al., Plant Cell 6: 947-948 (1994), Sakamoto et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 217: 1049-1056 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Saki et al., Nature 378: 199-203 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors have been reported, which contain one, two or three zinc fingers. These zinc fingers are maintained by cysteine and/or histidine residues organized around a zinc metal ion (Meissner and Michael, Plant Molecular Biology 33: 615-624 (1997)).
  • Examples of C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors include: the petunia Epf1 product which binds to an inverted repeat found in the promoter of EPSP, the W2f1 product from wheat, which binds to a nonameric motif found in the histone H3 promoter; the Arabidopsis AtZFP1 product associated with shoot development; and the Arabidopsis SUPERMAN product that is associated with negative regulation of B-function floral organ identity (Meissner and Michael, Plant Molecular Biology 33: 615-624 (1997); Takatsuji et al., EMBO J. 11: 241-249 (1994); Tague and Goodman, Plant Mol. Biol. 28: 267-279 (1995); Takasuji et al., Plant Cell 6: 947-948 (1994), Sakamoto et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 217: 1049-1056 (1993); Saki et al., Nature 378: 199-203 (1995)).
  • Another category of zinc-finger transcription factor include plant relatives of the GATA-1 transcription factor (Dietrich et al., Cell 88: 685-694 (1997); Evans and Felsenfeld Cell 58: 877-885 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Putterill et al., Cell 80: 847-857 (1995); Yanagisawa et al., Nucleic Acid Research 23: 3403-3410 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; De Paolis et al., Plant J. 10: 215-224 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Lippuner et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271: 12859-12866 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). GATA-1 like transcription factors have been associated with, for example, the regulation of cell death and the regulation of expression associated with salt stress.
  • II. Expressed Sequence Tag Nucleic Acid Molecules
  • Expressed sequence tags, or ESTs are randomly sequenced members of a cDNA library (or complementary DNA) (McCombie et al., Nature Genetics 1: 124-130 (1992); Kurata et al., Nature Genetics 8:365-372 (1994); Okubo et al., Nature Genetics 2:173-179 (1992), all of which references are incorporated herein in their entirety). The randomly selected clones comprise insets that can represent a copy of up to the full length of a mRNA transcript.
  • Using conventional methodologies, cDNA libraries can be constructed from the mRNA (messenger RNA) of a given tissue or organism using poly dT primers and reverse transcriptase (Efstratiadis et al., Cell 7:279-3680 (1976), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Higuchi et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 73:3146-3150 (1976), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Maniatis et al., Cell 8:163-182 (1976) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Land et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 9:2251-2266 (1981), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Okayama et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 2:161-170 (1982), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gubler et al., Gene 25:263-269 (1983), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Several methods may be employed to obtain full-length cDNA constructs. For example, terminal transferase can be used to add homopolymeric tails of dC residues to the free 3′ hydroxyl groups (Land et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 9:2251-2266 (1981), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). This tail can then be hybridized by a poly dG oligo which can act as a primer for the synthesis of full length second strand cDNA. Okayama and Berg, Mol. Cell. Biol. 2:161-170 (1982), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference, report a method for obtaining full length cDNA constructs. This method has been simplified by using synthetic primer-adapters that have both homopolymeric tails for priming the synthesis of the first and second strands and restriction sites for cloning into plasmids (Coleclough et al., Gene 34:305-314 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and bacteriophage vectors (Krawinkel et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 14:1913 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Han et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 15:6304 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • These strategies have been coupled with additional strategies for isolating rare mRNA populations. For example, a typical mammalian cell contains between 10,000 and 30,000 different mRNA sequences (Davidson, Gene Activity in Early Development, 2nd ed., Academic Press, New York (1976), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The number of clones required to achieve a given probability that a low-abundance mRNA will be present in a cDNA library is N=(ln(1−P))/(ln(1−1/n)) where N is the number of clones required, P is the probability desired and 1/n is the fractional proportion of the total mRNA that is represented by a single rare mRNA (Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • A method to enrich preparations of mRNA for sequences of interest is to fractionate by size. One such method is to fractionate by electrophoresis through an agarose gel (Pennica et al., Nature 301:214-221 (1983), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Another such method employs sucrose gradient centrifugation in the presence of an agent, such as methylmercuric hydroxide, that denatures secondary structure in RNA (Schweinfest et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 79:4997-5000 (1982), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • A frequently adopted method is to construct equalized or normalized cDNA libraries (Ko, Nucleic Acids Res. 18:5705-5711 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Patanjali et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 88:1943-1947 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Typically, the cDNA population is normalized by subtractive hybridization (Schmid et al., J. Neurochem. 48:307-312 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Fargnoli et al., Anal. Biochem. 187:364-373 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Travis et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 85:1696-1700 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Kato, Eur. J. Neurosci. 2:704-711 (1990); and Schweinfest et al., Genet. Anal. Tech. Appl. 7:64-70 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Subtraction represents another method for reducing the population of certain sequences in the cDNA library (Swaroop et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 19:1954 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • ESTs can be sequenced by a number of methods. Two basic methods may be used for DNA sequencing, the chain termination method of Sanger et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 74:5463-5467 (1977), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference and the chemical degradation method of Maxam and Gilbert, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 74:560-564 (1977), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference. Automation and advances in technology such as the replacement of radioisotopes with fluorescence-based sequencing have reduced the effort required to sequence DNA (Craxton, Methods 2:20-26 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Ju et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 92:4347-4351 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Tabor and Richardson, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 92:6339-6343 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Automated sequencers are available from, for example, Pharmacia Biotech, Inc., Piscataway, N.J. (Pharmacia ALF), LI-COR, Inc., Lincoln, Nebr. (LI-COR 4,000) and Millipore, Bedford, Mass. (Millipore BaseStation).
  • In addition, advances in capillary gel electrophoresis have also reduced the effort required to sequence DNA and such advances provide a rapid high resolution approach for sequencing DNA samples (Swerdlow and Gesteland, Nucleic Acids Res. 18:1415-1419 (1990); Smith, Nature 349:812-813 (1991); Luckey et al., Methods Enzymol. 218:154-172 (1993); Lu et al., J. Chromatog. A. 680:497-501 (1994); Carson et al., Anal. Chem. 65:3219-3226 (1993); Huang et al., Anal. Chem. 64:2149-2154 (1992); Kheterpal et al., Electrophoresis 17:1852-1859 (1996); Quesada and Zhang, Electrophoresis 17:1841-1851 (1996); Baba, Yakugaku Zasshi 117:265-281 (1997), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • ESTs longer than 150 nucleotides have been found to be useful for similarity searches and mapping (Adams et al., Science 252:1651-1656 (1991), herein incorporated by reference). ESTs, which can represent copies of up to the full length transcript, may be partially or completely sequenced. Between 150-450 nucleotides of sequence information is usually generated as this is the length of sequence information that is routinely and reliably produced using single run sequence data. Typically, only single run sequence data is obtained from the cDNA library (Adams et al., Science 252:1651-1656 (1991). Automated single run sequencing typically results in an approximately 2-3% error or base ambiguity rate (Boguski et al., Nature Genetics 4:332-333 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • EST databases have been constructed or partially constructed from, for example, C. elegans (McCombrie et al., Nature Genetics 1: 124-131 (1992)), human liver cell line HepG2 (Okubo et al., Nature Genetics 2:173-179 (1992)), human brain RNA (Adams et al., Science 252:1651-1656 (1991); Adams et al., Nature 355:632-635 (1992)), Arabidopsis, (Newman et al., Plant Physiol. 106:1241-1255 (1994)); and rice (Kurata et al., Nature Genetics 8:365-372 (1994)).
  • III. Sequence Comparisons
  • A characteristic feature of a DNA sequence is that it can be compared with other DNA sequences. Sequence comparisons can be undertaken by determining the similarity of the test or query sequence with sequences in publicly available or proprietary databases (“similarity analysis”) or by searching for certain motifs (“intrinsic sequence analysis”) (e.g. cis elements) (Coulson, Trends in Biotechnology 12:76-80 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); Birren et al., Genome Analysis 1: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. 543-559 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Similarity analysis includes database search and alignment. Examples of public databases include the DNA Database of Japan (DDBJ) (on the Worldwide web at ddbj.nig.ac.jp/); GENBANK® (on the Worldwide web at ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Web/Search/Index.html); and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Nucleic Acid Sequence Database (EMBL) (on the Worldwide web at ebi.ac.uk/ebi_docs/embl_db/embl-db.html). Other appropriate databases include dbEST (on the Worldwide web at ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/dbEST/index.html), SwissProt (on the Worldwide web at ebi.ac.uk/ebi_docs/swisprot_db/swisshome.html), PIR (on the Worldwide web at nbrt.georgetown.edu/pir/) and The Institute for Genome Research (on the Worldwide web at tigr.org/tdb/tdb.html).
  • A number of different search algorithms have been developed, one example of which are the suite of programs referred to as BLAST programs. There are five implementations of BLAST, three designed for nucleotide sequences queries (BLASTN, BLASTX and TBLASTX) and two designed for protein sequence queries (BLASTP and TBLASTN) (Coulson, Trends in Biotechnology 12:76-80 (1994); Birren et al., Genome Analysis 1, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. 543-559 (1997)).
  • BLASTN takes a nucleotide sequence (the query sequence) and its reverse complement and searches them against a nucleotide sequence database. BLASTN was designed for speed, not maximum sensitivity and may not find distantly related coding sequences. BLASTX takes a nucleotide sequence, translates it in three forward reading frames and three reverse complement reading frames and then compares the six translations against a protein sequence database. BLASTX is useful for sensitive analysis of preliminary (single-pass) sequence data and is tolerant of sequencing errors (Gish and States, Nature Genetics 3:266-272 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). BLASTN and BLASTX may be used in concert for analyzing EST data (Coulson, Trends in Biotechnology 12:76-80 (1994); Birren et al., Genome Analysis 1:543-559 (1997)).
  • Given a coding nucleotide sequence and the protein it encodes, it is often preferable to use the protein as the query sequence to search a database because of the greatly increased sensitivity to detect more subtle relationships. This is due to the larger alphabet of proteins (20 amino acids) compared with the alphabet of nucleic acid sequences (4 bases), where it is far easier to obtain a match by chance. In addition, with nucleotide alignments, only a match (positive score) or a mismatch (negative score) is obtained, but with proteins, the presence of conservative amino acid substitutions can be taken into account. Here, a mismatch may yield a positive score if the non-identical residue has physical/chemical properties similar to the one it replaced. Various scoring matrices are used to supply the substitution scores of all possible amino acid pairs. A general purpose scoring system is the BLOSUM62 matrix (Henikoff and Henikoff, Proteins 17:49-61 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), which is currently the default choice for BLAST programs. BLOSUM62 is tailored for alignments of moderately diverged sequences and thus may not yield the best results under all conditions. Altschul, J. Mol. Biol. 36:290-300 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference, describes a combination of three matrices to cover all contingencies. This may improve sensitivity, but at the expense of slower searches. In practice, a single BLOSUM62 matrix is often used but others (PAM40 and PAM250) may be attempted when additional analysis is necessary. Low PAM matrices are directed at detecting very strong but localized sequence similarities, whereas high PAM matrices are directed at detecting long but weak alignments between very distantly related sequences.
  • Homologues in other organisms are available that can be used for comparative sequence analysis. Multiple alignments are performed to study similarities and differences in a group of related sequences. CLUSTAL W is a multiple sequence alignment package that performs progressive multiple sequence alignments based on the method of Feng and Doolittle, J. Mol. Evol. 25:351-360 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference. Each pair of sequences is aligned and the distance between each pair is calculated; from this distance matrix, a guide tree is calculated and all of the sequences are progressively aligned based on this tree. A feature of the program is its sensitivity to the effect of gaps on the alignment; gap penalties are varied to encourage the insertion of gaps in probable loop regions instead of in the middle of structured regions. Users can specify gap penalties, choose between a number of scoring matrices, or supply their own scoring matrix for both pairwise alignments and multiple alignments. CLUSTAL W for UNIX and VMS systems is available at: ftp.ebi.ac.uk. Another program is MACAW (Schuler et al., Proteins Struct. Func. Genet. 9:180-190 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference, for which both Macintosh and Microsoft Windows versions are available. MACAW uses a graphical interface, provides a choice of several alignment algorithms and is available by anonymous ftp at: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (directory/pub/macaw).
  • Sequence motifs are derived from multiple alignments and can be used to examine individual sequences or an entire database for subtle patterns. With motifs, it is sometimes possible to detect distant relationships that may not be demonstrable based on comparisons of primary sequences alone. Currently, the largest collection of sequence motifs in the world is PROSITE (Bairoch and Bucher, Nucleic Acid Research 22:3583-3589 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). PROSITE may be accessed via either the ExPASy server on the World Wide Web or anonymous ftp site. Many commercial sequence analysis packages also provide search programs that use PROSITE data.
  • A resource for searching protein motifs is the BLOCKS E-mail server developed by Henikoff, Trends Biochem Sci. 18:267-268 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Henikoff and Henikoff, Nucleic Acid Research 19:6565-6572 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Henikoff and Henikoff, Proteins 17:49-61 (1993). BLOCKS searches a protein or nucleotide sequence against a database of protein motifs or “blocks.” Blocks are defined as short, ungapped multiple alignments that represent highly conserved protein patterns. The blocks themselves are derived from entries in PROSITE as well as other sources. Either a protein query or a nucleotide query can be submitted to the BLOCKS server; if a nucleotide sequence is submitted, the sequence is translated in all six reading frames and motifs are sought for these conceptual translations. Once the search is completed, the server will return a ranked list of significant matches, along with an alignment of the query sequence to the matched BLOCKS entries.
  • Conserved protein domains can be represented by two-dimensional matrices, which measure either the frequency or probability of the occurrences of each amino acid residue and deletions or insertions in each position of the domain. This type of model, when used to search against protein databases, is sensitive and usually yields more accurate results than simple motif searches. Two popular implementations of this approach are profile searches such as GCG program ProfileSearch and Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) (Krough et al., J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531, (1994); Eddy, Current Opinion in Structural Biology 6:361-365, (1996), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). In both cases, a large number of common protein domains have been converted into profiles, as present in the PROSITE library, or HHM models, as in the Pfam protein domain library (Sonnhammer et al., Proteins 28:405-420 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Pfam contains more than 500 HMM models for enzymes, transcription factors, signal transduction molecules and structural proteins. Protein databases can be queried with these profiles or HMM models, which will identify proteins containing the domain of interest. For example, HMMSW or HMMFS, two programs in a public domain package called HMMER (Sonnhammer et al., Proteins 28:405-420 (1997)) can be used.
  • PROSITE and BLOCKS represent collected families of protein motifs. Thus, searching these databases entails submitting a single sequence to determine whether or not that sequence is similar to the members of an established family. Programs working in the opposite direction compare a collection of sequences with individual entries in the protein databases. An example of such a program is the Motif Search Tool, or MoST (Tatusov et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 91:12091-12095 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). On the basis of an aligned set of input sequences, a weight matrix is calculated by using one of four methods (selected by the user). A weight matrix is simply a representation, position by position of how likely a particular amino acid will appear. The calculated weight matrix is then used to search the databases. To increase sensitivity, newly found sequences are added to the original data set, the weight matrix is recalculated and the search is performed again. This procedure continues until no new sequences are found.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention provides a substantially purified nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the maize, soybean, or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor is selected from the group consisting of: (a) homeobox transcription factor (b) HLH transcription factor (c) leucine zipper transcription factor (d) zinc finger transcription factor and (e) other transcription factors.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified nucleic acid molecule that encodes a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Adrabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the maize or soybean transcription factor is selected from the group consisting of (a) homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof; (b) HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof; (c) leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, (d) zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and (e) other transcription factors or fragments thereof.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822, SEQ ID NO: 1830, SEQ ID NO: 1840 through SEQ ID NO: 1845, SEQ ID NO: 1847-1854, SEQ ID NO: 1857 through 1862, SEQ ID NO: 1869, SEQ ID NO: 1878 through SEQ ID NO: 1879, SEQ ID NO: 1881 through SEQ ID NO: 1890, SEQ ID NO: 1892 through SEQ ID NO: 1896, SEQ ID NO: 1898 through SEQ ID NO: 1903, SEQ ID NO: 1905 through SEQ ID NO: 1907, SEQ ID NO: 1909 through SEQ ID NO: 1912, SEQ ID NO: 1932 through SEQ ID NO: 1938, SEQ ID NO: 1950 through SEQ ID NO: 1954, SEQ ID NO: 1959 through SEQ ID NO: 1961, SEQ ID NO: 1971 through SEQ ID NO: 1984, SEQ ID NO: 1990, SEQ ID NO: 1992 through SEQ ID NO: 1993, SEQ ID NO: 1995 through SEQ ID NO: 1998 and SEQ ID NO: 2086 through SEQ ID NO: 2275.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence consisting of SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822, SEQ ID NO: 1830, SEQ ID NO: 1840 through SEQ ID NO: 1845, SEQ ID NO: 1847 through 1854, SEQ ID NO: 1857 through 1862, SEQ ID NO: 1869, SEQ ID NO: 1878 through SEQ ID NO: 1879, SEQ ID NO: 1881 through SEQ ID NO: 1890, SEQ ID NO: 1892 through SEQ ID NO: 1896, SEQ ID NO: 1898 through SEQ ID NO: 1903, SEQ ID NO: 1905 through SEQ ID NO: 1907, SEQ ID NO: 1909 through SEQ ID NO: 1912, SEQ ID NO: 1932 through SEQ ID NO: 1938, SEQ ID NO: 1950 through SEQ ID NO: 1954, SEQ ID NO: 1959 through SEQ ID NO: 1961, SEQ ID NO: 1971 through SEQ ID NO: 1984, SEQ ID NO: 1990, SEQ ID NO: 1992 through SEQ ID NO: 1993, SEQ ID NO: 1995 through SEQ ID NO: 1998 and SEQ ID NO: 2086 through SEQ ID NO: 2275.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • The present invention also provides a purified antibody or fragment thereof which is capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule consisting of a compliment of a nucleic acid sequence having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822, SEQ ID NO: 1830, SEQ ID NO: 1840 through SEQ ID NO: 1845, SEQ ID NO: 1847 through 1854, SEQ ID NO: 1857 through 1862, SEQ ID NO: 1869, SEQ ID NO: 1878 through SEQ ID NO: 1879, SEQ ID NO: 1881 through SEQ ID NO: 1890, SEQ ID NO: 1892 through SEQ ID NO: 1896, SEQ ID NO: 1898 through SEQ ID NO: 1903, SEQ ID NO: 1905 through SEQ ID NO: 1907, SEQ ID NO: 1909 through SEQ ID NO: 1912, SEQ ID NO: 1932 through SEQ ID NO: 1938, SEQ ID NO: 1950 through SEQ ID NO: 1954, SEQ ID NO: 1959 through SEQ ID NO: 1961, SEQ ID NO: 1971 through SEQ ID NO: 1984, SEQ ID NO: 1990, SEQ ID NO: 1992 through SEQ ID NO: 1993, SEQ ID NO: 1995 through SEQ ID NO: 1998 and SEQ ID NO: 2086 through SEQ ID NO: 2275 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822, SEQ ID NO: 1830, SEQ ID NO: 1840 through SEQ ID NO: 1845, SEQ ID NO: 1847 through 1854, SEQ ID NO: 1857 through 1862, SEQ ID NO: 1869, SEQ ID NO: 1878 through SEQ ID NO: 1879, SEQ ID NO: 1881 through SEQ ID NO: 1890, SEQ ID NO: 1892 through SEQ ID NO: 1896, SEQ ID NO: 1898 through SEQ ID NO: 1903, SEQ ID NO: 1905 through SEQ ID NO: 1907, SEQ ID NO: 1909 through SEQ ID NO: 1912, SEQ ID NO: 1932 through SEQ ID NO: 1938, SEQ ID NO: 1950 through SEQ ID NO: 1954, SEQ ID NO: 1959 through SEQ ID NO: 1961, SEQ ID NO: 1971 through SEQ ID NO: 1984, SEQ ID NO: 1990, SEQ ID NO: 1992 through SEQ ID NO: 1993, SEQ ID NO: 1995 through SEQ ID NO: 1998 and SEQ ID NO: 2086 through SEQ ID NO: 2275.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686.
  • The present invention also provides a substantially purified antibody or fragment thereof, the antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by a first nucleic acid molecule which specifically hybridizes to a second nucleic acid molecule, the second nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a complement of SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
  • The present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; (B) a structural nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (a) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for a homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof; (b) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for a HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof; (c) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for a leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof; (d) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for a zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof, (e) a nucleic acid sequence which encodes for an other transcription factor or fragment thereof, (f) a nucleic acid sequence which is complementary to any of the nucleic acid sequences of (a) through (d); and (C) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of the mRNA molecule.
  • The present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; which is linked to (B) a structural nucleic acid molecule, wherein the structural nucleic acid molecule encodes a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof, the structural nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof; which is linked to (C) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of the mRNA molecule.
  • The present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; which is linked to (B) a structural nucleic acid molecule, wherein the structural nucleic acid molecule is selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean, or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean, or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof; and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean, or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factors or fragments thereof; which is linked to (C) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of the mRNA molecule.
  • The present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; which is linked to (B) a transcribed nucleic acid molecule with a transcribed strand and a non-transcribed strand, wherein the transcribed strand is complementary to a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof; which is linked to (C) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in plant cells to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of the mRNA molecule.
  • The present invention also provides a transformed plant having a nucleic acid molecule which comprises: (A) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule; which is linked to: (B) a transcribed nucleic acid molecule with a transcribed strand and a non-transcribed strand, wherein a transcribed mRNA of the transcribed strand is complementary to an endogenous mRNA molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof; which is linked to (C) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of the mRNA molecule.
  • The present invention also provides a method for determining a level or pattern of a plant transcription factor in a plant cell or plant tissue comprising: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid molecule, the marker nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragment of either, with a complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue, wherein nucleic acid hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue permits the detection of the plant transcription factor; (B) permitting hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue; and (C) detecting the level or pattern of the complementary nucleic acid, wherein the detection of the complementary nucleic acid is predictive of the level or pattern of the plant transcription factor.
  • The present invention also provides a method for determining a level or pattern of a plant transcription factor in a plant cell or plant tissue comprising: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid molecule, the marker nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, with a complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue, wherein nucleic acid hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue permits the detection of the plant transcription factor; (B) permitting hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue; and (C) detecting the level or pattern of the complementary nucleic acid, wherein the detection of the complementary nucleic acid is predictive of the level or pattern of the plant transcription factor.
  • The present invention also provides a method for determining a level or pattern of a plant transcription factor in a plant cell or plant tissue under evaluation which comprises assaying the concentration of a molecule, whose concentration is dependent upon the expression of a gene, the gene specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof, in comparison to the concentration of that molecule present in a reference plant cell or a reference plant tissue with a known level or pattern of the plant transcription factor, wherein the assayed concentration of the molecule is compared to the assayed concentration of the molecule in the reference plant cell or reference plant tissue with the known level or pattern of the plant transcription factor.
  • The present invention also provides a method for determining a level or pattern of a plant transcription factor in a plant cell or plant tissue under evaluation which comprises assaying the concentration of a molecule, whose concentration is dependent upon the expression of a gene, the gene specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof, in comparison to the concentration of that molecule present in a reference plant cell or a reference plant tissue with a known level or pattern of the plant transcription factor, wherein the assayed concentration of the molecule is compared to the assayed concentration of the molecule in the reference plant cell or the reference plant tissue with the known level or pattern of the plant transcription factor.
  • The present invention provides a method of determining a mutation in a plant whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting a level or pattern of a protein comprising the steps: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid, the marker nucleic acid selected from the group of marker nucleic acid molecules which specifically hybridize to a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragment of either and a complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant, wherein nucleic acid hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant permits the detection of a polymorphism whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of the protein in the plant; (B) permitting hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant; and (C) detecting the presence of the polymorphism, wherein the detection of the polymorphism is predictive of the mutation.
  • The present invention also provides a method for determining a mutation in a plant whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of a plant transcription factor comprising the steps: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid molecule, the marker nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid molecule that is linked to a gene, the gene specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof and a complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant, wherein nucleic acid hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant permits the detection of a polymorphism whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of the plant transcription factor in the plant; (B) permitting hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant; and (C) detecting the presence of the polymorphism, wherein the detection of the polymorphism is predictive of the mutation.
  • The present invention also provides a method for determining a mutation in a plant whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of a plant transcription factor comprising the steps: (A) incubating, under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a marker nucleic acid molecule, the marker nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid molecule that is linked to a gene, the gene specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof and a complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant, wherein nucleic acid hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant permits the detection of a polymorphism whose presence is predictive of a mutation affecting the level or pattern of the plant transcription factor in the plant; (B) permitting hybridization between the marker nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant; and (C) detecting the presence of the polymorphism, wherein the detection of the polymorphism is predictive of the mutation.
  • The present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing an overexpressed protein comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region has a nucleic acid sequence selected from group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 wherein the structural region is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule results in overexpression of the protein; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • The present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing an overexpressed plant transcription factor comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region comprises a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof; wherein the structural region is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule results in overexpression of the plant transcription factor; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • The present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing an overexpressed plant transcription factor comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region comprises a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the structural region is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule results in overexpression of the plant transcription factor; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • The present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing reduced levels of a plant transcription factor comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region comprises a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853; wherein the structural region is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule results in co-suppression of the plant transcription factor; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • The present invention also provides a method of producing a plant containing reduced levels of a plant transcription factor comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a functional nucleic acid molecule, wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule comprises a promoter region, wherein the promoter region is linked to a structural region, wherein the structural region comprises a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof, wherein the structural region is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and wherein the functional nucleic acid molecule results in co-suppression of the plant transcription factor; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • The present invention also provides a method for reducing expression of a plant transcription factor in a plant comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a nucleic acid molecule, the nucleic acid molecule having an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule, wherein the exogenous promoter region is linked to a transcribed nucleic acid molecule having a transcribed strand and a non-transcribed strand, wherein the transcribed strand is complementary to a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either and the transcribed strand is complementary to an endogenous mRNA molecule; and wherein the transcribed nucleic acid molecule is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • The present invention also provides a method for reducing expression of a plant transcription factor in a plant comprising: (A) transforming the plant with a nucleic acid molecule, the nucleic acid molecule having an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of a mRNA molecule, wherein the exogenous promoter region is linked to a transcribed nucleic acid molecule having a transcribed strand and a non-transcribed strand, wherein a transcribed mRNA of the transcribed strand is complementary to a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and an endogenous mRNA molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof, and wherein the transcribed nucleic acid molecule is linked to a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in the plant cell to cause termination of transcription and addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to a 3′ end of a mRNA molecule; and (B) growing the transformed plant.
  • The present invention also provides a method of determining an association between a polymorphism and a plant trait comprising: (A) hybridizing a nucleic acid molecule specific for the polymorphism to genetic material of a plant, wherein the nucleic acid molecule has a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragment of either; and (B) calculating the degree of association between the polymorphism and the plant trait.
  • The present invention also provides a method of determining an association between a polymorphism and a plant trait comprising: (A) hybridizing a nucleic acid molecule specific for the polymorphism to genetic material of a plant, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and (B) calculating the degree of association between the polymorphism and the plant trait.
  • The present invention also provides a method of isolating a nucleic acid that encodes a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof comprising: (A) incubating under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a first nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragment of either with a complementary second nucleic acid molecule obtained from a plant cell or plant tissue; (B) permitting hybridization between the first nucleic acid molecule and the second nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue; and (C) isolating the second nucleic acid molecule.
  • The present invention also provides a method of isolating a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof comprising: (A) incubating under conditions permitting nucleic acid hybridization, a first nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, with a complementary second nucleic acid molecule obtained from a plant cell or plant tissue; (B) permitting hybridization between the plant transcription factor nucleic acid molecule and the complementary nucleic acid molecule obtained from the plant cell or plant tissue; and (C) isolating the second nucleic acid molecule.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Agents of the Present Invention Agents
  • (a) Nucleic Acid Molecules
  • Agents of the present invention include plant nucleic acid molecules and more preferably include maize, soybean and Arabidopsis thaliana nucleic acid molecules and more preferably include nucleic acid molecules of the maize genotypes B73 (Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.), B73×Mo17 (Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.), DK604 (Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.), H99 (Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.), RX601 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa), Mo17 (Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.), and soybean types Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa), C1944 (United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.), Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.), FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil), Hartwig (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.), BW211S Null (Tohoku University, Morioka, Japan), P1507354 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.), Asgrow A4922 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.), P1227687 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.), P1229358 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and Asgrow A3237 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.).
  • A subset of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention includes nucleic acid molecules that are marker molecules. Another subset of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention include nucleic acid molecules that encode a protein or fragment thereof. Another subset of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention are EST molecules.
  • Fragment nucleic acid molecules may encode significant portion(s) of, or indeed most of, these nucleic acid molecules. Alternatively, the fragments may comprise smaller oligonucleotides (having from about 15 to about 250 nucleotide residues and more preferably, about 15 to about 30 nucleotide residues).
  • As used herein, an agent, be it a naturally occurring molecule or otherwise may be “substantially purified,” if desired, such that one or more molecules that is or may be present in a naturally occurring preparation containing that molecule will have been removed or will be present at a lower concentration than that at which it would normally be found.
  • The agents of the present invention will preferably be “biologically active” with respect to either a structural attribute, such as the capacity of a nucleic acid to hybridize to another nucleic acid molecule, or the ability of a protein to be bound by an antibody (or to compete with another molecule for such binding). Alternatively, such an attribute may be catalytic and thus involve the capacity of the agent to mediate a chemical reaction or response.
  • The agents of the present invention may also be recombinant. As used herein, the term recombinant means any agent (e.g. DNA, peptide etc.), that is, or results, however indirect, from human manipulation of a nucleic acid molecule.
  • It is understood that the agents of the present invention may be labeled with reagents that facilitate detection of the agent (e.g. fluorescent labels, Prober et al., Science 238:336-340 (1987); Albarella et al., EP 144914; chemical labels, Sheldon et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,789; Albarella et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,563,417; modified bases, Miyoshi et al., EP 119448, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • It is further understood, that the present invention provides recombinant bacterial, mammalian, microbial, insect, fungal and plant cells and viral constructs comprising the agents of the present invention. (See, for example, Uses of the Agents of the Invention, Section (a) Plant Constructs and Plant Transformants; Section (b) Fungal Constructs and Fungal Transformants; Section (c) Mammalian Constructs and Transformed Mammalian Cells; Section (d) Insect Constructs and Transformed Insect Cells; and Section (e) Bacterial Constructs and Transformed Bacterial Cells)
  • Nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention are capable of specifically hybridizing to other nucleic acid molecules under certain circumstances. As used herein, two nucleic acid molecules are said to be capable of specifically hybridizing to one another if the two molecules are capable of forming an anti-parallel, double-stranded nucleic acid structure. A nucleic acid molecule is said to be the “complement” of another nucleic acid molecule if they exhibit complete complementarity. As used herein, molecules are said to exhibit “complete complementarity” when every nucleotide of one of the molecules is complementary to a nucleotide of the other. Two molecules are said to be “minimally complementary” if they can hybridize to one another with sufficient stability to permit them to remain annealed to one another under at least conventional “low-stringency” conditions. Similarly, the molecules are said to be “complementary” if they can hybridize to one another with sufficient stability to permit them to remain annealed to one another under conventional “high-stringency” conditions. Conventional stringency conditions are described by Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed., Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989) and by Haymes et al., Nucleic Acid Hybridization, A Practical Approach, IRL Press, Washington, D.C. (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference. Departures from complete complementarity are therefore permissible, as long as such departures do not completely preclude the capacity of the molecules to form a double-stranded structure. Thus, in order for a nucleic acid molecule to serve as a primer or probe it need only be sufficiently complementary in sequence to be able to form a stable double-stranded structure under the particular solvent and salt concentrations employed.
  • Appropriate stringency conditions which promote DNA hybridization, for example, 6.0× sodium chloride/sodium citrate (SSC) at about 45° C., followed by a wash of 2.0×SSC at 50° C., are known to those skilled in the art or can be found in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1989), 6.3.1-6.3.6. For example, the salt concentration in the wash step can be selected from a low stringency of about 2.0×SSC at 50° C. to a high stringency of about 0.2×SSC at 50° C. In addition, the temperature in the wash step can be increased from low stringency conditions at room temperature, about 22° C., to high stringency conditions at about 65° C. Both temperature and salt may be varied, or either the temperature or the salt concentration may be held constant while the other variable is changed.
  • In a preferred embodiment, a nucleic acid of the present invention will specifically hybridize to one or more of the nucleic acid molecules set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof under moderately stringent conditions, for example at about 2.0×SSC and about 65° C.
  • In a particularly preferred embodiment, a nucleic acid of the present invention will include those nucleic acid molecules that specifically hybridize to one or more of the nucleic acid molecules set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof under high stringency conditions such as 0.2×SSC and about 65° C.
  • In one aspect of the present invention, the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention have one or more of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof. In another aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention share between 100% and 90% sequence identity with one or more of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof. In a further aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention share between 100% and 95% sequence identity with one or more of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof. In a more preferred aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention share between 100% and 98% sequence identity with one or more of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof. In an even more preferred aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention share between 100% and 99% sequence identity with one or more of the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof.
  • In a further more preferred aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention exhibit 100% sequence identity with a nucleic acid molecule present within MONN01, SATMON001, SATMON003 through SATMON014, SATMON016 through SATMON031, SATMON033, SATMON034, SATMON001, SATMONN01, SATMONN04 through SATMONN006, CMz029 through CMz031, CMz033 through CMz037, CMz039 through CMz042, CMz044 through CMz045, CMz047 through CMz050, SOYMON001 through SOYMON038, Soy51 through Soy56, Soy58 through Soy62, Soy65 through Soy73 and Soy76 through Soy77, Lib9, Lib22 through Lib25, Lib35, and Lib146 (Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Mo. U.S.A.).
  • (i) Nucleic Acid Molecules Encoding Proteins or Fragments Thereof
  • Nucleic acid molecules of the present invention can comprise sequences that encode a transcription factor or fragment thereof. Such transcription factors or fragments thereof include homologues of known transcription factors in other organisms.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of another plant transcription factor. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of a fungal transcription factor. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor of the present invention is a homologue of mammalian transcription factor. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of a bacterial transcription factor. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of a maize transcription factor. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor homologue or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of a soybean transcription factor. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor homologue or fragment thereof of the present invention is a homologue of an Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nucleic molecule of the present invention encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof where a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor exhibits a BLAST probability score of greater than 1E-12, preferably a BLAST probability score of between about 1E-30 and about 1E-12, even more preferably a BLAST probability score of greater than 1E-30 with its homologue.
  • In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nucleic acid molecule encoding a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof exhibits a % identity with its homologue of between about 25% and about 40%, more preferably of between about 40 and about 70%, even more preferably of between about 70% and about 90% and even more preferably between about 90% and 99%. In another preferred embodiment, of the present invention, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragments thereof exhibits a % identity with its homologue of 100%.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nucleic molecule of the present invention encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof where a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor exhibits a BLAST score of greater than 120, preferably a BLAST score of between about 1450 and about 120, even more preferably a BLAST score of greater than 1450 with its homologue.
  • Nucleic acid molecules of the present invention also include non-maize, non-soybean homologues. Preferred non-homologues are selected from the group consisting of alfalfa, Arabidopsis, barley, Brassica, broccoli, cabbage, citrus, cotton, garlic, oat, oilseed rape, onion, canola, flax, an ornamental plant, pea, peanut, pepper, potato, rice, rye, sorghum, strawberry, sugarcane, sugarbeet, tomato, wheat, poplar, pine, fir, eucalyptus, apple, lettuce, lentils, grape, banana, tea, turf grasses, sunflower, oil palm and Phaseolus.
  • In a preferred embodiment, nucleic acid molecules having SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements and fragments of either can be utilized to obtain such homologues.
  • The degeneracy of the genetic code, which allows different nucleic acid sequences to code for the same protein or peptide, is known in the literature. (U.S. Pat. No. 4,757,006, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • In an aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention differ in nucleic acid sequence from those encoding a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 due to the degeneracy in the genetic code in that they encode the same transcription factor but differ in nucleic acid sequence.
  • In another further aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention differ in nucleic acid sequence from those encoding a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 due to fact that the different nucleic acid sequence encodes a transcription factor having one or more conservative amino acid residue. Examples of conservative substitutions are set forth in Table 1. It is understood that codons capable of coding for such conservative substitutions are known in the art.
  • TABLE 1
    Original Conservative
    Residue Substitutions
    Ala Ser
    Arg Lys
    Asn Gln; His
    Asp Glu
    Cys Ser; Ala
    Gln Asn
    Glu Asp
    Gly Pro
    His Asn; Gln
    Ile Leu; Val
    Leu Ile; Val
    Lys Arg; Gln; Glu
    Met Leu; Ile
    Phe Met; Leu; Tyr
    Ser Thr
    Thr Ser
    Trp Tyr
    Tyr Trp; Phe
    Val Ile; Leu
  • In a further aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention differ in nucleic acid sequence from those encoding a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof due to the fact that one or more codons encoding an amino acid has been substituted for a codon that encodes a nonessential substitution of the amino acid originally encoded.
  • Agents of the present invention include nucleic acid molecules that encode a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof and particularly substantially purified nucleic acid molecules selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • Non-limiting examples of such nucleic acid molecules of the present invention are nucleic acid molecules comprising: SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof that encode for a plant transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO:1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000 or fragment thereof that encode for a homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085 or fragment thereof that encode for a HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822, SEQ ID NO: 1830, SEQ ID NO: 1840 through SEQ ID NO: 1845, SEQ ID NO: 1847 through 1854, SEQ ID NO: 1857 through 1862, SEQ ID NO: 1869, SEQ ID NO: 1878 through SEQ ID NO: 1879, SEQ ID NO: 1881 through SEQ ID NO: 1890, SEQ ID NO: 1892 through SEQ ID NO: 1896, SEQ ID NO: 1898 through SEQ ID NO: 1903, SEQ ID NO: 1905 through SEQ ID NO: 1907, SEQ ID NO: 1909 through SEQ ID NO: 1912, SEQ ID NO: 1932 through SEQ ID NO: 1938, SEQ ID NO: 1950 through SEQ ID NO: 1954, SEQ ID NO: 1959 through SEQ ID NO: 1961, SEQ ID NO: 1971 through SEQ ID NO: 1984, SEQ ID NO: 1990, SEQ ID NO: 1992 through SEQ ID NO: 1993, SEQ ID NO: 1995 through SEQ ID NO: 1998 and SEQ ID NO: 2086 through SEQ ID NO: 2275 or fragment thereof that encodes for a leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686 or fragment thereof that encode for a zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof that encode for an other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • A nucleic acid molecule of the present invention can also encode an homologue of a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor, or fragment thereof or a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof. As used herein a homologue protein molecule or fragment thereof is a counterpart protein molecule or fragment thereof in a second species (e.g., maize homeobox transcription factor is a homologue of Arabidopsis homeobox transcription factor).
  • (ii) Nucleic Acid Molecule Markers and Probes
  • One aspect of the present invention concerns markers that include nucleic acid molecules SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either that can act as markers or other nucleic acid molecules of the present invention that can act as markers. Genetic markers of the present invention include “dominant” or “codominant” markers “Codominant markers” reveal the presence of two or more alleles (two per diploid individual) at a locus. “Dominant markers” reveal the presence of only a single allele per locus. The presence of the dominant marker phenotype (e.g., a band of DNA) is an indication that one allele is present in either the homozygous or heterozygous condition. The absence of the dominant marker phenotype (e.g. absence of a DNA band) is merely evidence that “some other” undefined allele is present. In the case of populations where individuals are predominantly homozygous and loci are predominately dimorphic, dominant and codominant markers can be equally valuable. As populations become more heterozygous and multi-allelic, codominant markers often become more informative of the genotype than dominant markers. Marker molecules can be, for example, capable of detecting polymorphisms such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  • SNPs are single base changes in genomic DNA sequence. They occur at greater frequency and are spaced with a greater uniformly throughout a genome than other reported forms of polymorphism. The greater frequency and uniformity of SNPs means that there is greater probability that such a polymorphism will be found near or in a genetic locus of interest than would be the case for other polymorphisms. SNPs are located in protein-coding regions and noncoding regions of a genome. Some of these SNPs may result in defective or variant protein expression (e.g., as a results of mutations or defective splicing). Analysis (genotyping) of characterized SNPs can require only a plus/minus assay rather than a lengthy measurement, permitting easier automation.
  • SNPs can be characterized using any of a variety of methods. Such methods include the direct or indirect sequencing of the site, the use of restriction enzymes (Botstein et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet. 32:314-331 (1980), the entirety of which is herein incorporated reference; Konieczny and Ausubel, Plant J. 4:403-410 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), enzymatic and chemical mismatch assays (Myers et al., Nature 313:495-498 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), allele-specific PCR (Newton et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 17:2503-2516 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Wu et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 86:2757-2760 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), ligase chain reaction (Barany, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 88:189-193 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (Labrune et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet. 48: 1115-1120 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), primer-directed nucleotide incorporation assays (Kuppuswami et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:1143-1147 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), dideoxy fingerprinting (Sarkar et al., Genomics 13:441-443 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), solid-phase ELISA-based oligonucleotide ligation assays (Nikiforov et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 22:4167-4175 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), oligonucleotide fluorescence-quenching assays (Livak et al., PCR Methods Appl. 4:357-362 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), 5′-nuclease allele-specific hybridization TaqMan assay (Livak et al., Nature Genet. 9:341-342 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), template-directed dye-terminator incorporation (TDI) assay (Chen and Kwok, Nucl. Acids Res. 25:347-353 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), allele-specific molecular beacon assay (Tyagi et al., Nature Biotech. 16: 49-53 (1998), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), PinPoint assay (Haff and Smirnov, Genome Res. 7: 378-388 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and dCAPS analysis (Neff et al., Plant J. 14:387-392 (1998), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Additional markers, such as AFLP markers, RFLP markers and RAPD markers, can be utilized (Walton, Seed World 22-29 (July, 1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Burow and Blake, Molecular Dissection of Complex Traits, 13-29, Paterson (ed.), CRC Press, New York (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). DNA markers can be developed from nucleic acid molecules using restriction endonucleases, the PCR and/or DNA sequence information. RFLP markers result from single base changes or insertions/deletions. These codominant markers are highly abundant in plant genomes, have a medium level of polymorphism and are developed by a combination of restriction endonuclease digestion and Southern blotting hybridization. CAPS are similarly developed from restriction nuclease digestion but only of specific PCR products. These markers are also codominant, have a medium level of polymorphism and are highly abundant in the genome. The CAPS result from single base changes and insertions/deletions.
  • Another marker type, RAPDs, are developed from DNA amplification with random primers and result from single base changes and insertions/deletions in plant genomes. They are dominant markers with a medium level of polymorphisms and are highly abundant. AFLP markers require using the PCR on a subset of restriction fragments from extended adapter primers. These markers are both dominant and codominant are highly abundant in genomes and exhibit a medium level of polymorphism.
  • SSRs require DNA sequence information. These codominant markers result from repeat length changes, are highly polymorphic and do not exhibit as high a degree of abundance in the genome as CAPS, AFLPs and RAPDs SNPs also require DNA sequence information. These codominant markers result from single base substitutions. They are highly abundant and exhibit a medium of polymorphism (Rafalski et al., In: Nonmammalian Genomic Analysis, Birren and Lai (ed.), Academic Press, San Diego, Calif., pp. 75-134 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention may be used as a marker.
  • A PCR probe is a nucleic acid molecule capable of initiating a polymerase activity while in a double-stranded structure to with another nucleic acid. Various methods for determining the structure of PCR probes and PCR techniques exist in the art. Computer generated searches using programs such as Primer3 (on the Worldwide web at genome.wi.mit.edu/cgi-bin/primer/primer3.cgi), STSPipeline (on the Worldwide web at genome.wi.mit.edu/cgi-bin/www-STS_Pipeline), or GeneUp (Pesole et al., BioTechniques 25:112-123 (1998) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), for example, can be used to identify potential PCR primers.
  • It is understood that a fragment of one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be a probe and specifically a PCR probe.
  • (b) Protein and Peptide Molecules
  • A class of agents comprises one or more of the protein or fragments thereof or peptide molecules encoded by SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or one or more of the protein or fragment thereof and peptide molecules encoded by other nucleic acid agents of the present invention. As used herein, the term “protein molecule” or “peptide molecule” includes any molecule that comprises five or more amino acids. It is well known in the art that proteins may undergo modification, including post-translational modifications, such as, but not limited to, disulfide bond formation, glycosylation, phosphorylation, or oligomerization. Thus, as used herein, the term “protein molecule” or “peptide molecule” includes any protein molecule that is modified by any biological or non-biological process. The terms “amino acid” and “amino acids” refer to all naturally occurring L-amino acids. This definition is meant to include norleucine, ornithine, homocysteine and homoserine.
  • Non-limiting examples of the protein or fragment thereof of the present invention include a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof, or a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof,
  • Non-limiting examples of the protein or fragment molecules of the present invention are a transcription factor or fragment thereof encoded by: SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof that encode for a transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO 1415 through SEQ ID NO: 1555 and SEQ ID NO: 1746 through SEQ ID NO: 2000 or fragment thereof that encode for a homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 50 through SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 1724 through SEQ ID NO: 1745 and SEQ ID NO: 2001 through SEQ ID NO: 2085 or fragment thereof that encode for a HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 46 through SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 66 through SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 335, SEQ ID NO: 1475, SEQ ID NO: 1506, SEQ ID NO: 1523, SEQ ID NO: 1556 through SEQ ID NO: 1723, SEQ ID NO: 1752, SEQ ID NO: 1764, SEQ ID NO: 1771, SEQ ID NO: 1774, SEQ ID NO: 1804, SEQ ID NO: 1809 through SEQ ID NO: 1810, SEQ ID NO: 1822, SEQ ID NO: 1830, SEQ ID NO: 1840 through SEQ ID NO: 1845, SEQ ID NO: 1847 through 1854, SEQ ID NO: 1857 through 1862, SEQ ID NO: 1869, SEQ ID NO: 1878 through SEQ ID NO: 1879, SEQ ID NO: 1881 through SEQ ID NO: 1890, SEQ ID NO: 1892 through SEQ ID NO: 1896, SEQ ID NO: 1898 through SEQ ID NO: 1903, SEQ ID NO: 1905 through SEQ ID NO: 1907, SEQ ID NO: 1909 through SEQ ID NO: 1912, SEQ ID NO: 1932 through SEQ ID NO: 1938, SEQ ID NO: 1950 through SEQ ID NO: 1954, SEQ ID NO: 1959 through SEQ ID NO: 1961, SEQ ID NO: 1971 through SEQ ID NO: 1984, SEQ ID NO: 1990, SEQ ID NO: 1992 through SEQ ID NO: 1993, SEQ ID NO: 1995 through SEQ ID NO: 1998 and SEQ ID NO: 2086 through SEQ ID NO: 2275 or fragment thereof that encode for a leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, SEQ ID NO: 94 through SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 300 through SEQ ID NO: 596, SEQ ID NO: 2118 and SEQ ID NO: 2276 through SEQ ID NO: 2686 or fragment thereof that encode for a zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof, and SEQ ID NO: 149 through SEQ ID NO: 299, SEQ ID NO: 597 through SEQ ID NO: 1414 and SEQ ID NO: 2687 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof that encode for an other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • One or more of the protein or fragment of peptide molecules may be produced via chemical synthesis, or more preferably, by expressing in a suitable bacterial or eucaryotic host. Suitable methods for expression are described by Sambrook et al., (In: Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989)), or similar texts. For example, the protein may be expressed in, for example, Uses of the Agents of the Invention, Section (a) Plant Constructs and Plant Transformants; Section (b) Fungal Constructs and Fungal Transformants; Section (c) Mammalian Constructs and Transformed Mammalian Cells; Section (d) Insect Constructs and Transformed Insect Cells; and Section (e) Bacterial Constructs and Transformed Bacterial Cells.
  • A “protein fragment” is a peptide or polypeptide molecule whose amino acid sequence comprises a subset of the amino acid sequence of that protein. A protein or fragment thereof that comprises one or more additional peptide regions not derived from that protein is a “fusion” protein. Such molecules may be derivatized to contain carbohydrate or other moieties (such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin, etc.). Fusion protein or peptide molecules of the present invention are preferably produced via recombinant means.
  • Another class of agents comprise protein or peptide molecules or fragments or fusions thereof encoded by SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof in which conservative, non-essential or non-relevant amino acid residues have been added, replaced or deleted. Computerized means for designing modifications in protein structure are known in the art (Dahiyat and Mayo, Science 278:82-87 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • The protein molecules of the present invention include plant homologue proteins. An example of such a homologue is a homologue protein of a non-maize or non soybean plant species, that include but not limited to alfalfa, Arabidopsis, barley, Brassica, broccoli, cabbage, citrus, cotton, garlic, oat, oilseed rape, onion, canola, flax, an ornamental plant, pea, peanut, pepper, potato, rice, rye, sorghum, strawberry, sugarcane, sugarbeet, tomato, wheat, poplar, pine, fir, eucalyptus, apple, lettuce, lentils, grape, banana, tea, turf grasses, sunflower, oil palm, Phaseolus etc. Particularly preferred non-maize or non-soybean for use for the isolation of homologs would include, Arabidopsis, barley, cotton, oat, oilseed rape, rice, canola, ornamentals, sugarcane, sugarbeet, tomato, potato, wheat and turf grasses. Such a homologue can be obtained by any of a variety of methods. Most preferably, as indicated above, one or more of the disclosed sequences (SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof) will be used to define a pair of primers that may be used to isolate the homologue-encoding nucleic acid molecules from any desired species. Such molecules can be expressed to yield homologues by recombinant means.
  • (c) Antibodies
  • One aspect of the present invention concerns antibodies, single-chain antigen binding molecules, or other proteins that specifically bind to one or more of the protein or peptide molecules of the present invention and their homologues, fusions or fragments. Such antibodies may be used to quantitatively or qualitatively detect the protein or peptide molecules of the present invention. As used herein, an antibody or peptide is said to “specifically bind” to a protein or peptide molecule of the present invention if such binding is not competitively inhibited by the presence of non-related molecules.
  • Nucleic acid molecules that encode all or part of the protein of the present invention can be expressed, via recombinant means, to yield protein or peptides that can in turn be used to elicit antibodies that are capable of binding the expressed protein or peptide. Such antibodies may be used in immunoassays for that protein. Such protein-encoding molecules, or their fragments may be a “fusion” molecule (i.e., a part of a larger nucleic acid molecule) such that, upon expression, a fusion protein is produced. It is understood that any of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be expressed, via recombinant means, to yield proteins or peptides encoded by these nucleic acid molecules.
  • The antibodies that specifically bind proteins and protein fragments of the present invention may be polyclonal or monoclonal and may comprise intact immunoglobulins, or antigen binding portions of immunoglobulins fragments (such as (F(ab′), F(ab′)2), or single-chain immunoglobulins producible, for example, via recombinant means. It is understood that practitioners are familiar with the standard resource materials which describe specific conditions and procedures for the construction, manipulation and isolation of antibodies (see, for example, Harlow and Lane, In: Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Murine monoclonal antibodies are particularly preferred. BALB/c mice are preferred for this purpose, however, equivalent strains may also be used. The animals are preferably immunized with approximately 25 μg of purified protein (or fragment thereof) that has been emulsified in a suitable adjuvant (such as TiterMax adjuvant (Vaxcel, Norcross, Ga.)). Immunization is preferably conducted at two intramuscular sites, one intraperitoneal site and one subcutaneous site at the base of the tail. An additional i.v. injection of approximately 25 μg of antigen is preferably given in normal saline three weeks later. After approximately 11 days following the second injection, the mice may be bled and the blood screened for the presence of anti-protein or peptide antibodies. Preferably, a direct binding Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay (ELISA) is employed for this purpose.
  • More preferably, the mouse having the highest antibody titer is given a third i.v. injection of approximately 25 μg of the same protein or fragment. The splenic leukocytes from this animal may be recovered 3 days later and then permitted to fuse, most preferably, using polyethylene glycol, with cells of a suitable myeloma cell line (such as, for example, the P3X63Ag8.653 myeloma cell line). Hybridoma cells are selected by culturing the cells under “HAT” (hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymine) selection for about one week. The resulting clones may then be screened for their capacity to produce monoclonal antibodies (“mAbs”), preferably by direct ELISA.
  • In one embodiment, anti-protein or peptide monoclonal antibodies are isolated using a fusion of a protein or peptide of the present invention, or conjugate of a protein or peptide of the present invention, as immunogens. Thus, for example, a group of mice can be immunized using a fusion protein emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant (e.g. approximately 50 μg of antigen per immunization). At three week intervals, an identical amount of antigen is emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant and used to immunize the animals. Ten days following the third immunization, serum samples are taken and evaluated for the presence of antibody. If antibody titers are too low, a fourth booster can be employed. Polysera capable of binding the protein or peptide can also be obtained using this method.
  • In a preferred procedure for obtaining monoclonal antibodies, the spleens of the above-described immunized mice are removed, disrupted and immune splenocytes are isolated over a ficoll gradient. The isolated splenocytes are fused, using polyethylene glycol with BALB/c-derived HGPRT (hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase) deficient P3×63×Ag8.653 plasmacytoma cells. The fused cells are plated into 96 well microtiter plates and screened for hybridoma fusion cells by their capacity to grow in culture medium supplemented with hypothanthine, aminopterin and thymidine for approximately 2-3 weeks.
  • Hybridoma cells that arise from such incubation are preferably screened for their capacity to produce an immunoglobulin that binds to a protein of interest. An indirect ELISA may be used for this purpose. In brief, the supernatants of hybridomas are incubated in microtiter wells that contain immobilized protein. After washing, the titer of bound immunoglobulin can be determined using, for example, a goat anti-mouse antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. After additional washing, the amount of immobilized enzyme is determined (for example through the use of a chromogenic substrate). Such screening is performed as quickly as possible after the identification of the hybridoma in order to ensure that a desired clone is not overgrown by non-secreting neighbor cells. Desirably, the fusion plates are screened several times since the rates of hybridoma growth vary. In a preferred sub-embodiment, a different antigenic form may be used to screen the hybridoma. Thus, for example, the splenocytes may be immunized with one immunogen, but the resulting hybridomas can be screened using a different immunogen. It is understood that any of the protein or peptide molecules of the present invention may be used to raise antibodies.
  • As discussed below, such antibody molecules or their fragments may be used for diagnostic purposes. Where the antibodies are intended for diagnostic purposes, it may be desirable to derivatize them, for example with a ligand group (such as biotin) or a detectable marker group (such as a fluorescent group, a radioisotope or an enzyme).
  • The ability to produce antibodies that bind the protein or peptide molecules of the present invention permits the identification of mimetic compounds of those molecules. A “mimetic compound” is a compound that is not that compound, or a fragment of that compound, but which nonetheless exhibits an ability to specifically bind to antibodies directed against that compound.
  • It is understood that any of the agents of the present invention can be substantially purified and/or be biologically active and/or recombinant.
    • Uses of the Agents of the Invention
  • Nucleic acid molecules and fragments thereof of the present invention may be employed to obtain other nucleic acid molecules from the same species (e.g., ESTs or fragment thereof from maize may be utilized to obtain other nucleic acid molecules from maize). Such nucleic acid molecules include the nucleic acid molecules that encode the complete coding sequence of a protein and promoters and flanking sequences of such molecules. In addition, such nucleic acid molecules include nucleic acid molecules that encode for other isozymes or gene family members. Such molecules can be readily obtained by using the above-described nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof to screen cDNA or genomic libraries obtained from maize or soybean. Methods for forming such libraries are well known in the art.
  • Nucleic acid molecules and fragments thereof of the present invention may also be employed to obtain nucleic acid homologues. Such homologues include the nucleic acid molecule of other plants or other organisms (e.g., alfalfa, Arabidopsis, barley, Brassica, broccoli, cabbage, citrus, cotton, garlic, oat, oilseed rape, onion, canola, flax, an ornamental plant, pea, peanut, pepper, potato, rice, rye, sorghum, strawberry, sugarcane, sugarbeet, tomato, wheat, poplar, pine, fir, eucalyptus, apple, lettuce, lentils, grape, banana, tea, turf grasses, sunflower, oil palm, Phaseolus, etc.) including the nucleic acid molecules that encode, in whole or in part, protein homologues of other plant species or other organisms, sequences of genetic elements such as promoters and transcriptional regulatory elements. Such molecules can be readily obtained by using the above-described nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof to screen cDNA or genomic libraries obtained from such plant species. Methods for forming such libraries are well known in the art. Such homologue molecules may differ in their nucleotide sequences from those found in one or more of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof because complete complementarity is not needed for stable hybridization. The nucleic acid molecules of the present invention therefore also include molecules that, although capable of specifically hybridizing with the nucleic acid molecules may lack “complete complementarity.”
  • Any of a variety of methods may be used to obtain one or more of the above-described nucleic acid molecules (Zamechik et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 83:4143-4146 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Goodchild et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 85:5507-5511 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Wickstrom et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 85:1028-1032 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Holt et al., Molec. Cell. Biol. 8:963-973 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gerwirtz et al., Science 242:1303-1306 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Anfossi et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 86:3379-3383 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Becker et al., EMBO J. 8:3685-3691 (1989); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Automated nucleic acid synthesizers may be employed for this purpose. In lieu of such synthesis, the disclosed nucleic acid molecules may be used to define a pair of primers that can be used with the polymerase chain reaction (Mullis et al., Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 51:263-273 (1986); Erlich et al., European Patent 50,424; European Patent 84,796; European Patent 258,017; European Patent 237,362; Mullis, European Patent 201,184; Mullis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,202; Erlich, U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,788; and Saiki et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,194, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety) to amplify and obtain any desired nucleic acid molecule or fragment.
  • Promoter sequence(s) and other genetic elements, including but not limited to transcriptional regulatory flanking sequences, associated with one or more of the disclosed nucleic acid sequences can also be obtained using the disclosed nucleic acid sequence provided herein. In one embodiment, such sequences are obtained by incubating EST nucleic acid molecules or preferably fragments thereof with members of genomic libraries (e.g. maize and soybean) and recovering clones that hybridize to the EST nucleic acid molecule or fragment thereof. In a second embodiment, methods of “chromosome walking,” or inverse PCR may be used to obtain such sequences (Frohman et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 85:8998-9002 (1988); Ohara et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 86:5673-5677 (1989); Pang et al., Biotechniques 22:1046-1048 (1977); Huang et al., Methods Mol. Biol. 69:89-96 (1997); Huang et al., Method Mol. Biol. 67:287-294 (1997); Benkel et al., Genet. Anal. 13:123-127 (1996); Hartl et al., Methods Mol. Biol. 58:293-301 (1996), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • The nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used to isolate promoters of cell enhanced, cell specific, tissue enhanced, tissue specific, developmentally or environmentally regulated expression profiles. Isolation and functional analysis of the 5′ flanking promoter sequences of these genes from genomic libraries, for example, using genomic screening methods and PCR techniques would result in the isolation of useful promoters and transcriptional regulatory elements. These methods are known to those of skill in the art and have been described (See, for example, Birren et al., Genome Analysis: Analyzing DNA, 1, (1997), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Promoters obtained utilizing the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention could also be modified to affect their control characteristics. Examples of such modifications would include but are not limited to enhanced sequences as reported in Uses of the Agents of the Invention, Section (a) Plant Constructs and Plant Transformants. Such genetic elements could be used to enhance gene expression of new and existing traits for crop improvements.
  • In one sub-aspect, such an analysis is conducted by determining the presence and/or identity of polymorphism(s) by one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention and more preferably one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecule or fragment thereof which are associated with a phenotype, or a predisposition to that phenotype.
  • Any of a variety of molecules can be used to identify such polymorphism(s). In one embodiment, one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecules (or a sub-fragment thereof) may be employed as a marker nucleic acid molecule to identify such polymorphism(s). Alternatively, such polymorphisms can be detected through the use of a marker nucleic acid molecule or a marker protein that is genetically linked to (i.e., a polynucleotide that co-segregates with) such polymorphism(s).
  • In an alternative embodiment, such polymorphisms can be detected through the use of a marker nucleic acid molecule that is physically linked to such polymorphism(s). For this purpose, marker nucleic acid molecules comprising a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide located within 1 mb of the polymorphism(s) and more preferably within 100 kb of the polymorphism(s) and most preferably within 10 kb of the polymorphism(s) can be employed.
  • The genomes of animals and plants naturally undergo spontaneous mutation in the course of their continuing evolution (Gusella, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 55:831-854 (1986)). A “polymorphism” is a variation or difference in the sequence of the gene or its flanking regions that arises in some of the members of a species. The variant sequence and the “original” sequence co-exist in the species' population. In some instances, such co-existence is in stable or quasi-stable equilibrium.
  • A polymorphism is thus said to be “allelic,” in that, due to the existence of the polymorphism, some members of a species may have the original sequence (i.e., the original “allele”) whereas other members may have the variant sequence (i.e., the variant “allele”). In the simplest case, only one variant sequence may exist and the polymorphism is thus said to be di-allelic. In other cases, the species' population may contain multiple alleles and the polymorphism is termed tri-allelic, etc. A single gene may have multiple different unrelated polymorphisms. For example, it may have a di-allelic polymorphism at one site and a multi-allelic polymorphism at another site.
  • The variation that defines the polymorphism may range from a single nucleotide variation to the insertion or deletion of extended regions within a gene. In some cases, the DNA sequence variations are in regions of the genome that are characterized by short tandem repeats (STRs) that include tandem di- or tri-nucleotide repeated motifs of nucleotides. Polymorphisms characterized by such tandem repeats are referred to as “variable number tandem repeat” (“VNTR”) polymorphisms. VNTRs have been used in identity analysis (Weber, U.S. Pat. No. 5,075,217; Armour et al., FEBS Lett. 307:113-115 (1992); Jones et al., Eur. J. Haematol. 39:144-147 (1987); Horn et al., PCT Patent Application WO91/14003; Jeffreys, European Patent Application 370,719; Jeffreys, U.S. Pat. No. 5,175,082; Jeffreys et al., Amer. J. Hum. Genet. 39:11-24 (1986); Jeffreys et al., Nature 316:76-79 (1985); Gray et al., Proc. R. Acad. Soc. Lond. 243:241-253 (1991); Moore et al., Genomics 10:654-660 (1991); Jeffreys et al., Anim. Genet. 18:1-15 (1987); Hillel et al., Anim. Genet. 20:145-155 (1989); Hillel et al., Genet. 124:783-789 (1990), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • The detection of polymorphic sites in a sample of DNA may be facilitated through the use of nucleic acid amplification methods. Such methods specifically increase the concentration of polynucleotides that span the polymorphic site, or include that site and sequences located either distal or proximal to it. Such amplified molecules can be readily detected by gel electrophoresis or other means.
  • The most preferred method of achieving such amplification employs the polymerase chain reaction (“PCR”) (Mullis et al., Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 51:263-273 (1986); Erlich et al., European Patent Appln. 50,424; European Patent Appln. 84,796; European Patent Application 258,017; European Patent Appln. 237,362; Mullis, European Patent Appln. 201,184; Mullis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,202; Erlich, U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,788; and Saiki et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,194), using primer pairs that are capable of hybridizing to the proximal sequences that define a polymorphism in its double-stranded form.
  • In lieu of PCR, alternative methods, such as the “Ligase Chain Reaction” (“LCR”) may be used (Barany, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 88:189-193 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). LCR uses two pairs of oligonucleotide probes to exponentially amplify a specific target. The sequences of each pair of oligonucleotides is selected to permit the pair to hybridize to abutting sequences of the same strand of the target. Such hybridization forms a substrate for a template-dependent ligase. As with PCR, the resulting products thus serve as a template in subsequent cycles and an exponential amplification of the desired sequence is obtained.
  • LCR can be performed with oligonucleotides having the proximal and distal sequences of the same strand of a polymorphic site. In one embodiment, either oligonucleotide will be designed to include the actual polymorphic site of the polymorphism. In such an embodiment, the reaction conditions are selected such that the oligonucleotides can be ligated together only if the target molecule either contains or lacks the specific nucleotide that is complementary to the polymorphic site present on the oligonucleotide. Alternatively, the oligonucleotides may be selected such that they do not include the polymorphic site (see, Segev, PCT Application WO 90/01069, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • The “Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay” (“OLA”) may alternatively be employed (Landegren et al., Science 241:1077-1080 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The OLA protocol uses two oligonucleotides which are designed to be capable of hybridizing to abutting sequences of a single strand of a target. OLA, like LCR, is particularly suited for the detection of point mutations. Unlike LCR, however, OLA results in “linear” rather than exponential amplification of the target sequence.
  • Nickerson et al., have described a nucleic acid detection assay that combines attributes of PCR and OLA (Nickerson et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 87:8923-8927 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In this method, PCR is used to achieve the exponential amplification of target DNA, which is then detected using OLA. In addition to requiring multiple and separate, processing steps, one problem associated with such combinations is that they inherit all of the problems associated with PCR and OLA.
  • Schemes based on ligation of two (or more) oligonucleotides in the presence of nucleic acid having the sequence of the resulting “di-oligonucleotide”, thereby amplifying the di-oligonucleotide, are also known (Wu et al., Genomics 4:560-569 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and may be readily adapted to the purposes of the present invention.
  • Other known nucleic acid amplification procedures, such as allele-specific oligomers, branched DNA technology, transcription-based amplification systems, or isothermal amplification methods may also be used to amplify and analyze such polymorphisms (Malek et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,130,238; Davey et al., European Patent Application 329,822; Schuster et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,169,766; Miller et al., PCT Patent Application WO 89/06700; Kwoh et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 86:1173-1177 (1989); Gingeras et al., PCT Patent Application WO 88/10315; Walker et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 89:392-396 (1992), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • The identification of a polymorphism can be determined in a variety of ways. By correlating the presence or absence of it in a plant with the presence or absence of a phenotype, it is possible to predict the phenotype of that plant. If a polymorphism creates or destroys a restriction endonuclease cleavage site, or if it results in the loss or insertion of DNA (e.g., a VNTR polymorphism), it will alter the size or profile of the DNA fragments that are generated by digestion with that restriction endonuclease. As such, individuals that possess a variant sequence can be distinguished from those having the original sequence by restriction fragment analysis. Polymorphisms that can be identified in this manner are termed “restriction fragment length polymorphisms” (“RFLPs”). RFLPs have been widely used in human and plant genetic analyses (Glassberg, UK Patent Application 2135774; Skolnick et al., Cytogen. Cell Genet. 32:58-67 (1982); Botstein et al., Ann. J. Hum. Genet. 32:314-331 (1980); Fischer et al., (PCT Application WO90/13668); Uhlen, PCT Application WO90/11369).
  • Polymorphisms can also be identified by Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. SSCP is a method capable of identifying most sequence variations in a single strand of DNA, typically between 150 and 250 nucleotides in length (Elles, Methods in Molecular Medicine Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Humana Press (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); Orita et al., Genomics 5:874-879 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Under denaturing conditions a single strand of DNA will adopt a conformation that is uniquely dependent on its sequence conformation. This conformation usually will be different, even if only a single base is changed. Most conformations have been reported to alter the physical configuration or size sufficiently to be detectable by electrophoresis. A number of protocols have been described for SSCP including, but not limited to, Lee et al., Anal. Biochem. 205:289-293 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Suzuki et al., Anal. Biochem. 192:82-84 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Lo et al., Nucleic Acids Research 20:1005-1009 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Sarkar et al., Genomics 13:441-443 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference. It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acids of the present invention, may be utilized as markers or probes to detect polymorphisms by SSCP analysis.
  • Polymorphisms may also be found using a DNA fingerprinting technique called amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), which is based on the selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments from a total digest of genomic DNA to profile that DNA (Vos et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 23:4407-4414 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). This method allows for the specific co-amplification of high numbers of restriction fragments, which can be visualized by PCR without knowledge of the nucleic acid sequence.
  • AFLP employs basically three steps. Initially, a sample of genomic DNA is cut with restriction enzymes and oligonucleotide adapters are ligated to the restriction fragments of the DNA. The restriction fragments are then amplified using PCR by using the adapter and restriction sequence as target sites for primer annealing. The selective amplification is achieved by the use of primers that extend into the restriction fragments, amplifying only those fragments in which the primer extensions match the nucleotide flanking the restriction sites. These amplified fragments are then visualized on a denaturing polyacrylamide gel.
  • AFLP analysis has been performed on Salix (Beismann et al., Mol. Ecol. 6:989-993 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Acinetobacter (Janssen et al., Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 47:1179-1187 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Aeromonas popoffi (Huys et al., Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 47:1165-1171 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), rice (McCouch et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 35:89-99 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Nandi et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 255:1-8 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Cho et al., Genome 39:373-378 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), barley (Hordeum vulgare) (Simons et al., Genomics 44:61-70 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Waugh et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 255:311-321 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Qi et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 254:330-336 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Becker et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 249:65-73 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), potato (Van der Voort et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 255:438-447 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Meksem et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 249:74-81 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Phytophthora infestans (Van der Lee et al., Fungal Genet. Biol. 21:278-291 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Bacillus anthracis (Keim et al., J. Bacteriol. 179:818-824 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Astragalus cremnophylax (Travis et al., Mol. Ecol. 5:735-745 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Arabidopsis (Cnops et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 253:32-41 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Escherichia coli (Lin et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 24:3649-3650 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Aeromonas (Huys et al., Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 46:572-580 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), nematode (Folkertsma et al., Mol. Plant. Microbe Interact. 9:47-54 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), tomato (Thomas et al., Plant J. 8:785-794 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and human (Latorra et al., PCR Methods Appl. 3:351-358 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). AFLP analysis has also been used for fingerprinting mRNA (Money et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 24:2616-2617 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Bachem et al., Plant J. 9:745-753 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acids of the present invention, may be utilized as markers or probes to detect polymorphisms by AFLP analysis or for fingerprinting RNA.
  • Polymorphisms may also be found using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Williams et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 18:6531-6535 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and cleavable amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) (Lyamichev et al., Science 260:778-783 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention, may be utilized as markers or probes to detect polymorphisms by RAPD or CAPS analysis.
  • Through genetic mapping, a fine scale linkage map can be developed using DNA markers and, then, a genomic DNA library of large-sized fragments can be screened with molecular markers linked to the desired trait. Molecular markers are advantageous for agronomic traits that are otherwise difficult to tag, such as resistance to pathogens, insects and nematodes, tolerance to abiotic stress, quality parameters and quantitative traits such as high yield potential.
  • The essential requirements for marker-assisted selection in a plant breeding program are: (1) the marker(s) should co-segregate or be closely linked with the desired trait; (2) an efficient means of screening large populations for the molecular marker(s) should be available; and (3) the screening technique should have high reproducibility across laboratories and preferably be economical to use and be user-friendly.
  • The genetic linkage of marker molecules can be established by a gene mapping model such as, without limitation, the flanking marker model reported by Lander and Botstein, Genetics 121:185-199 (1989) and the interval mapping, based on maximum likelihood methods described by Lander and Botstein, Genetics 121:185-199 (1989) and implemented in the software package MAPMAKER/QTL (Lincoln and Lander, Mapping Genes Controlling Quantitative Traits Using MAPMAKER/QTL, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts, (1990). Additional software includes Qgene, Version 2.23 (1996), Department of Plant Breeding and Biometry, 266 Emerson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., the manual of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety). Use of Qgene software is a particularly preferred approach.
  • A maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) for the presence of a marker is calculated, together with an MLE assuming no QTL effect, to avoid false positives. A log10 of an odds ratio (LOD) is then calculated as: LOD=log10 (MLE for the presence of a QTL/MLE given no linked QTL).
  • The LOD score essentially indicates how much more likely the data are to have arisen assuming the presence of a QTL than in its absence. The LOD threshold value for avoiding a false positive with a given confidence, say 95%, depends on the number of markers and the length of the genome. Graphs indicating LOD thresholds are set forth in Lander and Botstein, Genetics 121:185-199 (1989) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference and further described by Arús and Moreno-González, Plant Breeding, Hayward et al., (eds.) Chapman & Hall, London, pp. 314-331 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • Additional models can be used. Many modifications and alternative approaches to interval mapping have been reported, including the use non-parametric methods (Kruglyak and Lander, Genetics 139:1421-1428 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Multiple regression methods or models can be also be used, in which the trait is regressed on a large number of markers (Jansen, Biometrics in Plant Breeding, van Oijen and Jansen (eds.), Proceedings of the Ninth Meeting of the Eucarpia Section Biometrics in Plant Breeding, The Netherlands, pp. 116-124 (1994); Weber and Wricke, Advances in Plant Breeding, Blackwell, Berlin, 16 (1994), both of which is herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). Procedures combining interval mapping with regression analysis, whereby the phenotype is regressed onto a single putative QTL at a given marker interval and at the same time onto a number of markers that serve as ‘cofactors,’ have been reported by Jansen and Stam, Genetics 136:1447-1455 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference and Zeng, Genetics 136:1457-1468 (1994) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference. Generally, the use of cofactors reduces the bias and sampling error of the estimated QTL positions (Utz and Melchinger, Biometrics in Plant Breeding, van Oijen and Jansen (eds.) Proceedings of the Ninth Meeting of the Eucarpia Section Biometrics in Plant Breeding, The Netherlands, pp. 195-204 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference, thereby improving the precision and efficiency of QTL mapping (Zeng, Genetics 136:1457-1468 (1994)). These models can be extended to multi-environment experiments to analyze genotype-environment interactions (Jansen et al., Theo. Appl. Genet. 91:33-37 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Selection of an appropriate mapping populations is important to map construction. The choice of appropriate mapping population depends on the type of marker systems employed (Tanksley et al., Molecular mapping plant chromosomes. Chromosome structure and function: Impact of new concepts, Gustafson and Appels (eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp 157-173 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Consideration must be given to the source of parents (adapted vs. exotic) used in the mapping population. Chromosome pairing and recombination rates can be severely disturbed (suppressed) in wide crosses (adapted×exotic) and generally yield greatly reduced linkage distances. Wide crosses will usually provide segregating populations with a relatively large array of polymorphisms when compared to progeny in a narrow cross (adapted×adapted).
  • An F2 population is the first generation of selfing after the hybrid seed is produced. Usually a single F1 plant is selfed to generate a population segregating for all the genes in Mendelian (1:2:1) fashion. Maximum genetic information is obtained from a completely classified F2 population using a codominant marker system (Mather, Measurement of Linkage in Heredity, Methuen and Co., (1938), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In the case of dominant markers, progeny tests (e.g. F3, BCF2) are required to identify the heterozygotes, thus making it equivalent to a completely classified F2 population. However, this procedure is often prohibitive because of the cost and time involved in progeny testing. Progeny testing of F2 individuals is often used in map construction where phenotypes do not consistently reflect genotype (e.g. disease resistance) or where trait expression is controlled by a QTL. Segregation data from progeny test populations (e.g. F3 or BCF2) can be used in map construction. Marker-assisted selection can then be applied to cross progeny based on marker-trait map associations (F2, F3), where linkage groups have not been completely disassociated by recombination events (i.e., maximum disequilibrium).
  • Recombinant inbred lines (RIL) (genetically related lines; usually >F5, developed from continuously selfing F2 lines towards homozygosity) can be used as a mapping population. Information obtained from dominant markers can be maximized by using RIL because all loci are homozygous or nearly so. Under conditions of tight linkage (i.e., about <10% recombination), dominant and co-dominant markers evaluated in RIL populations provide more information per individual than either marker type in backcross populations (Reiter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 89:1477-1481 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). However, as the distance between markers becomes larger (i.e., loci become more independent), the information in RIL populations decreases dramatically when compared to codominant markers.
  • Backcross populations (e.g., generated from a cross between a successful variety (recurrent parent) and another variety (donor parent) carrying a trait not present in the former) can be utilized as a mapping population. A series of backcrosses to the recurrent parent can be made to recover most of its desirable traits. Thus a population is created consisting of individuals nearly like the recurrent parent but each individual carries varying amounts or mosaic of genomic regions from the donor parent. Backcross populations can be useful for mapping dominant markers if all loci in the recurrent parent are homozygous and the donor and recurrent parent have contrasting polymorphic marker alleles (Reiter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 89:1477-1481 (1992)). Information obtained from backcross populations using either codominant or dominant markers is less than that obtained from F2 populations because one, rather than two, recombinant gametes are sampled per plant. Backcross populations, however, are more informative (at low marker saturation) when compared to RILs as the distance between linked loci increases in RIL populations (i.e. about 15% recombination). Increased recombination can be beneficial for resolution of tight linkages, but may be undesirable in the construction of maps with low marker saturation.
  • Near-isogenic lines (NIL) created by many backcrosses to produce an array of individuals that are nearly identical in genetic composition except for the trait or genomic region under interrogation can be used as a mapping population. In mapping with NILs, only a portion of the polymorphic loci are expected to map to a selected region.
  • Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) is a method developed for the rapid identification of linkage between markers and traits of interest (Michelmore et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 88:9828-9832 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In BSA, two bulked DNA samples are drawn from a segregating population originating from a single cross. These bulks contain individuals that are identical for a particular trait (resistant or susceptible to particular disease) or genomic region but arbitrary at unlinked regions (i.e. heterozygous). Regions unlinked to the target region will not differ between the bulked samples of many individuals in BSA.
  • It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used as molecular markers. It is also understood that one or more of the protein molecules of the present invention may be used as molecular markers.
  • In accordance with this aspect of the present invention, a sample nucleic acid is obtained from plants cells or tissues. Any source of nucleic acid may be used. Preferably, the nucleic acid is genomic DNA. The nucleic acid is subjected to restriction endonuclease digestion. For example, one or more nucleic acid molecule or fragment thereof of the present invention can be used as a probe in accordance with the above-described polymorphic methods. The polymorphism obtained in this approach can then be cloned to identify the mutation at the coding region which alters the protein's structure or regulatory region of the gene which affects its expression level.
  • In an aspect of the present invention, one or more of the nucleic molecules of the present invention are used to determine the level (i.e., the concentration of mRNA in a sample, etc.) in a plant (preferably maize or soybean) or pattern (i.e., the kinetics of expression, rate of decomposition, stability profile, etc.) of the expression of a protein encoded in part or whole by one or more of the nucleic acid molecule of the present invention (collectively, the “Expression Response” of a cell or tissue). As used herein, the Expression Response manifested by a cell or tissue is said to be “altered” if it differs from the Expression Response of cells or tissues of plants not exhibiting the phenotype. To determine whether an Expression Response is altered, the Expression Response manifested by the cell or tissue of the plant exhibiting the phenotype is compared with that of a similar cell or tissue sample of a plant not exhibiting the phenotype. As will be appreciated, it is not necessary to re-determine the Expression Response of the cell or tissue sample of plants not exhibiting the phenotype each time such a comparison is made; rather, the Expression Response of a particular plant may be compared with previously obtained values of normal plants. As used herein, the phenotype of the organism is any of one or more characteristics of an organism (e.g. disease resistance, pest tolerance, environmental tolerance such as tolerance to abiotic stress, male sterility, quality improvement or yield etc.). A change in genotype or phenotype may be transient or permanent. Also as used herein, a tissue sample is any sample that comprises more than one cell. In a preferred aspect, a tissue sample comprises cells that share a common characteristic (e.g. derived from root, seed, flower, leaf, stem or pollen etc.).
  • In one aspect of the present invention, an evaluation can be conducted to determine whether a particular mRNA molecule is present. One or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention, preferably one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention are utilized to detect the presence or quantity of the mRNA species. Such molecules are then incubated with cell or tissue extracts of a plant under conditions sufficient to permit nucleic acid hybridization. The detection of double-stranded probe-mRNA hybrid molecules is indicative of the presence of the mRNA; the amount of such hybrid formed is proportional to the amount of mRNA. Thus, such probes may be used to ascertain the level and extent of the mRNA production in a plant's cells or tissues. Such nucleic acid hybridization may be conducted under quantitative conditions (thereby providing a numerical value of the amount of the mRNA present). Alternatively, the assay may be conducted as a qualitative assay that indicates either that the mRNA is present, or that its level exceeds a user set, predefined value.
  • A principle of in situ hybridization is that a labeled, single-stranded nucleic acid probe will hybridize to a complementary strand of cellular DNA or RNA and, under the appropriate conditions, these molecules will form a stable hybrid. When nucleic acid hybridization is combined with histological techniques, specific DNA or RNA sequences can be identified within a single cell. An advantage of in situ hybridization over more conventional techniques for the detection of nucleic acids is that it allows an investigator to determine the precise spatial population (Angerer et al., Dev. Biol. 101:477-484 (1984), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Angerer et al., Dev. Biol. 112:157-166 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Dixon et al., EMBO J. 10: 1317-1324 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In situ hybridization may be used to measure the steady-state level of RNA accumulation. It is a sensitive technique and RNA sequences present in as few as 5-10 copies per cell can be detected (Hardin et al., J. Mol. Biol. 202:417-431 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). A number of protocols have been devised for in situ hybridization, each with tissue preparation, hybridization and washing conditions (Meyerowitz, Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 5:242-250 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Cox and Goldberg, In: Plant Molecular Biology: A Practical Approach, Shaw (ed.), pp 1-35, IRL Press, Oxford (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Raikhel et al., In situ RNA hybridization in plant tissues, In: Plant Molecular Biology Manual, vol. B9: 1-32, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht, Belgium (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • In situ hybridization also allows for the localization of proteins within a tissue or cell (Wilkinson, In Situ Hybridization, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Langdale, In Situ Hybridization In: The Maize Handbook, Freeling and Walbot (eds.), pp 165-179, Springer-Verlag, New York (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the molecules of the present invention, preferably one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention or one or more of the antibodies of the present invention may be utilized to detect the level or pattern of a transcription factor or mRNA thereof by in situ hybridization.
  • Fluorescent in situ hybridization allows the localization of a particular DNA sequence along a chromosome which is useful, among other uses, for gene mapping, following chromosomes in hybrid lines or detecting chromosomes with translocations, transversions or deletions. In situ hybridization has been used to identify chromosomes in several plant species (Griffor et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 17:101-109 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Gustafson et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 87:1899-1902 (1990), herein incorporated by reference; Mukai and Gill, Genome 34:448-452 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Schwarzacher and Heslop-Harrison, Genome 34:317-323 (1991); Wang et al., Jpn. J. Genet. 66:313-316 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Parra and Windle, Nature Genetics 5:17-21 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used as probes or markers to localize sequences along a chromosome.
  • Another method to localize the expression of a molecule is tissue printing. Tissue printing provides a way to screen, at the same time on the same membrane many tissue sections from different plants or different developmental stages. Tissue-printing procedures utilize films designed to immobilize proteins and nucleic acids. In essence, a freshly cut section of a tissue is pressed gently onto nitrocellulose paper, nylon membrane or polyvinylidene difluoride membrane. Such membranes are commercially available (e.g. Millipore, Bedford, Mass. U.S.A.). The contents of the cut cell transfer onto the membrane and the contents and are immobilized to the membrane. The immobilized contents form a latent print that can be visualized with appropriate probes. When a plant tissue print is made on nitrocellulose paper, the cell walls leave a physical print that makes the anatomy visible without further treatment (Varner and Taylor, Plant Physiol. 91:31-33 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Tissue printing on substrate films is described by Daoust, Exp. Cell Res. 12:203-211 (1957), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference, who detected amylase, protease, ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease in animal tissues using starch, gelatin and agar films. These techniques can be applied to plant tissues (Yomo and Taylor, Planta 112:35-43 (1973); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Harris and Chrispeels, Plant Physiol. 56:292-299 (1975), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Advances in membrane technology have increased the range of applications of Daoust's tissue-printing techniques allowing (Cassab and Varner, J. Cell. Biol. 105:2581-2588 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) the histochemical localization of various plant enzymes and deoxyribonuclease on nitrocellulose paper and nylon (Spruce et al., Phytochemistry 26:2901-2903 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Barres et al., Neuron 5:527-544 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Reid and Pont-Lezica, Tissue Printing: Tools for the Study of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Gene Expression, Academic Press, New York, N.Y. (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Reid et al., Plant Physiol. 93:160-165 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Ye et al., Plant J. 1:175-183 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • It is understood that one or more of the molecules of the present invention, preferably one or more of the EST nucleic acid molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention or one or more of the antibodies of the present invention may be utilized to detect the presence or quantity of a transcription factor by tissue printing.
  • Further it is also understood that any of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used as marker nucleic acids and or probes in connection with methods that require probes or marker nucleic acids. As used herein, a probe is an agent that is utilized to determine an attribute or feature (e.g. presence or absence, location, correlation, etc.) of a molecule, cell, tissue or plant. As used herein, a marker nucleic acid is a nucleic acid molecule that is utilized to determine an attribute or feature (e.g., presence or absence, location, correlation, etc.) or a molecule, cell, tissue or plant.
  • A microarray-based method for high-throughput monitoring of plant gene expression may be utilized to measure gene-specific hybridization targets. This ‘chip’-based approach involves using microarrays of nucleic acid molecules as gene-specific hybridization targets to quantitatively measure expression of the corresponding plant genes (Schena et al., Science 270:467-470 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Shalon, Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford University (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Every nucleotide in a large sequence can be queried at the same time. Hybridization can be used to efficiently analyze nucleotide sequences.
  • Several microarray methods have been described. One method compares the sequences to be analyzed by hybridization to a set of oligonucleotides representing all possible subsequences (Bains and Smith, J. Theor. Biol. 135:303-307 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). A second method hybridizes the sample to an array of oligonucleotide or cDNA molecules. An array consisting of oligonucleotides complementary to subsequences of a target sequence can be used to determine the identity of a target sequence, measure its amount and detect differences between the target and a reference sequence. Nucleic acid molecules microarrays may also be screened with protein molecules or fragments thereof to determine nucleic acid molecules that specifically bind protein molecules or fragments thereof.
  • The microarray approach may be used with polypeptide targets (U.S. Pat. No. 5,445,934; U.S. Pat. No. 5,143,854; U.S. Pat. No. 5,079,600; U.S. Pat. No. 4,923,901, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). Essentially, polypeptides are synthesized on a substrate (microarray) and these polypeptides can be screened with either protein molecules or fragments thereof or nucleic acid molecules in order to screen for either protein molecules or fragments thereof or nucleic acid molecules that specifically bind the target polypeptides. (Fodor et al., Science 251:767-773 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acid molecules or protein or fragments thereof of the present invention may be utilized in a microarray based method.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention microarrays may be prepared that comprise nucleic acid molecules where such nucleic acid molecules encode at least one, preferably at least two, more preferably at least three transcription factors. In a preferred embodiment the nucleic acid molecules are selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or fragment thereof and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • Site directed mutagenesis may be utilized to modify nucleic acid sequences, particularly as it is a technique that allows one or more of the amino acids encoded by a nucleic acid molecule to be altered (e.g. a threonine to be replaced by a methionine). Three basic methods for site directed mutagenesis are often employed. These are cassette mutagenesis (Wells et al., Gene 34:315-323 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), primer extension (Gilliam et al., Gene 12:129-137 (1980), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Zoller and Smith, Methods Enzymol. 100:468-500 (1983), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Dalbadie-McFarland et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 79:6409-6413 (1982), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and methods based upon PCR (Scharf et al., Science 233:1076-1078 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Higuchi et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 16:7351-7367 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Site directed mutagenesis approaches are also described in European Patent 0 385 962, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; European Patent 0 359 472, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; and PCT Patent Application WO 93/07278, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • Site directed mutagenesis strategies have been applied to plants for both in vitro as well as in vivo site directed mutagenesis (Lanz et al., J. Biol. Chem. 266:9971-9976 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Kovgan and Zhdanov, Biotekhnologiya 5:148-154; No. 207160n, Chemical Abstracts 110:225 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Ge et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 86:4037-4041 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Zhu et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271:18494-18498 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Chu et al., Biochemistry 33:6150-6157 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Small et al., EMBO J. 11: 1291-1296 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Cho et al., Mol. Biotechnol. 8:13-16 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Kita et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271:26529-26535 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference, Jin et al., Mol. Microbiol. 7:555-562 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Hatfield and Vierstra, J. Biol. Chem. 267:14799-14803 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Zhao et al., Biochemistry 31:5093-5099 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Any of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may either be modified by site directed mutagenesis or used as, for example, nucleic acid molecules that are used to target other nucleic acid molecules for modification. It is understood that mutants with more than one altered nucleotide can be constructed using techniques that practitioners are familiar with such as isolating restriction fragments and ligating such fragments into an expression vector (see, for example, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Press (1989)).
  • Sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins play a role in the regulation of transcription. The isolation of recombinant cDNAs encoding these proteins facilitates the biochemical analysis of their structural and functional properties. Genes encoding such DNA-binding proteins have been isolated using classical genetics (Vollbrecht et al., Nature 350: 241-243 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and molecular biochemical approaches, including the screening of recombinant cDNA libraries with antibodies (Landschulz et al., Genes Dev. 2:786-800 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) or DNA probes (Bodner et al., Cell 55:505-518 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In addition, an in situ screening procedure has been used and has facilitated the isolation of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins from various plant species (Gilmartin et al., Plant Cell 4:839-849 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Schindler et al., EMBO J. 11: 1261-1273 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). An in situ screening protocol does not require the purification of the protein of interest (Vinson et al., Genes Dev. 2:801-806 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Singh et al., Cell 52:415-423 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Two steps may be employed to characterize DNA-protein interactions. The first is to identify promoter fragments that interact with DNA-binding proteins, to titrate binding activity, to determine the specificity of binding and to determine whether a given DNA-binding activity can interact with related DNA sequences (Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989)). Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay is a widely used assay. The assay provides a rapid and sensitive method for detecting DNA-binding proteins based on the observation that the mobility of a DNA fragment through a nondenaturing, low-ionic strength polyacrylamide gel is retarded upon association with a DNA-binding protein (Fried and Crother, Nucleic Acids Res. 9:6505-6525 (1981), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). When one or more specific binding activities have been identified, the exact sequence of the DNA bound by the protein may be determined. Several procedures for characterizing protein/DNA-binding sites are used, including methylation and ethylation interference assays (Maxam and Gilbert, Methods Enzymol. 65:499-560 (1980), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Wissman and Hillen, Methods Enzymol. 208:365-379 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), footprinting techniques employing DNase I (Galas and Schmitz, Nucleic Acids Res. 5:3157-3170 (1978), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), 1,10-phenanthroline-copper ion methods (Sigman et al, Methods Enzymol. 208:414-433 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and hydroxyl radicals methods (Dixon et al., Methods Enzymol. 208:414-433 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be utilized to identify a protein or fragment thereof that specifically binds to a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention. It is also understood that one or more of the protein molecules or fragments thereof of the present invention may be utilized to identify a nucleic acid molecule that specifically binds to it.
  • A two-hybrid system is based on the fact that many cellular functions are carried out by proteins, such as transcription factors, that interact (physically) with one another. Two-hybrid systems have been used to probe the function of new proteins (Chien et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 88:9578-9582 (1991) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Durfee et al., Genes Dev. 7:555-569 (1993) the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Choi et al., Cell 78:499-512 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Kranz et al., Genes Dev. 8:313-327 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Interaction mating techniques have facilitated a number of two-hybrid studies of protein-protein interaction. Interaction mating has been used to examine interactions between small sets of tens of proteins (Finley and Brent, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 91:12098-12984 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), larger sets of hundreds of proteins (Bendixen et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 22:1778-1779 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and to comprehensively map proteins encoded by a small genome (Bartel et al., Nature Genetics 12:72-77 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). This technique utilizes proteins fused to the DNA-binding domain and proteins fused to the activation domain. They are expressed in two different haploid yeast strains of opposite mating type and the strains are mated to determine if the two proteins interact. Mating occurs when haploid yeast strains come into contact and result in the fusion of the two haploids into a diploid yeast strain. An interaction can be determined by the activation of a two-hybrid reporter gene in the diploid strain. An advantage of this technique is that it reduces the number of yeast transformations needed to test individual interactions. It is understood that the protein-protein interactions of protein or fragments thereof of the present invention may be investigated using the two-hybrid system and that any of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention that encode such proteins or fragments thereof may be used to transform yeast in the two-hybrid system.
  • (a) Plant Constructs and Plant Transformants
  • One or more of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be used in plant transformation or transfection. Exogenous genetic material may be transferred into a plant cell and the plant cell regenerated into a whole, fertile or sterile plant. Exogenous genetic material is any genetic material, whether naturally occurring or otherwise, from any source that is capable of being inserted into any organism. Such genetic material may be transferred into either monocotyledons and dicotyledons including, but not limited to maize (pp 63-69), soybean (pp 50-60), Arabidopsis (p 45), phaseolus (pp 47-49), peanut (pp 49-50), alfalfa (p 60), wheat (pp 69-71), rice (pp 72-79), oat (pp 80-81), sorghum (p 83), rye (p 84), tritordeum (p 84), millet (p 85), fescue (p 85), perennial ryegrass (p 86), sugarcane (p 87), cranberry (p 101), papaya (pp 101-102), banana (p 103), banana (p 103), muskmelon (p 104), apple (p 104), cucumber (p 105), dendrobium (p 109), gladiolus (p 110), chrysanthemum (p 110), liliacea (p 111), cotton (pp 113-114), eucalyptus (p 115), sunflower (p 118), canola (p 118), turfgrass (p 121), sugarbeet (p 122), coffee (p 122) and dioscorea (p 122), (Christou, In: Particle Bombardment for Genetic Engineering of Plants, Biotechnology Intelligence Unit. Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Transfer of a nucleic acid that encodes for a protein can result in overexpression of that protein in a transformed cell or transgenic plant. One or more of the proteins or fragments thereof encoded by nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be overexpressed in a transformed cell or transformed plant. Particularly, any of the transcription factors or fragments thereof may be overexpressed in a transformed cell or transgenic plant. Such overexpression may be the result of transient or stable transfer of the exogenous genetic material.
  • Exogenous genetic material may be transferred into a plant cell and the plant cell by the use of a DNA vector or construct designed for such a purpose. Design of such a vector is generally within the skill of the art (See, Plant Molecular Biology: A Laboratory Manual, Clark (ed.), Springier, N.Y. (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • A construct or vector may include a plant promoter to express the protein or protein fragment of choice. A number of promoters which are active in plant cells have been described in the literature. These include the nopaline synthase (NOS) promoter (Ebert et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 84:5745-5749 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), the octopine synthase (OCS) promoter (which are carried on tumor-inducing plasmids of Agrobacterium tumefaciens), the caulimovirus promoters such as the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 19S promoter (Lawton et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 9:315-324 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and the CAMV 35S promoter (Odell et al., Nature 313:810-812 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), the figwort mosaic virus 35S-promoter, the light-inducible promoter from the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase (ssRUBISCO), the Adh promoter (Walker et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 84:6624-6628 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), the sucrose synthase promoter (Yang et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 87:4144-4148 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), the R gene complex promoter (Chandler et al., The Plant Cell 1:1175-1183 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and the chlorophyll a/b binding protein gene promoter, etc. These promoters have been used to create DNA constructs which have been expressed in plants; see, e.g., PCT publication WO 84/02913, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • Promoters which are known or are found to cause transcription of DNA in plant cells can be used in the present invention. Such promoters may be obtained from a variety of sources such as plants and plant viruses. It is preferred that the particular promoter selected should be capable of causing sufficient expression to result in the production of an effective amount of the transcription factor to cause the desired phenotype. In addition to promoters that are known to cause transcription of DNA in plant cells, other promoters may be identified for use in the current invention by screening a plant cDNA library for genes which are selectively or preferably expressed in the target tissues or cells.
  • For the purpose of expression in source tissues of the plant, such as the leaf, seed, root or stem, it is preferred that the promoters utilized in the present invention have relatively high expression in these specific tissues. For this purpose, one may choose from a number of promoters for genes with tissue- or cell-specific or -enhanced expression. Examples of such promoters reported in the literature include the chloroplast glutamine synthetase GS2 promoter from pea (Edwards et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 87:3459-3463 (1990), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the chloroplast fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (FBPase) promoter from wheat (Lloyd et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 225:209-216 (1991), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the nuclear photosynthetic ST-LS1 promoter from potato (Stockhaus et al., EMBO J. 8:2445-2451 (1989), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the serine/threonine kinase (PAL) promoter and the glucoamylase (CHS) promoter from Arabidopsis thaliana. Also reported to be active in photosynthetically active tissues are the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RbcS) promoter from eastern larch (Larix laricina), the promoter for the cab gene, cab6, from pine (Yamamoto et al., Plant Cell Physiol. 35:773-778 (1994), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the promoter for the Cab-1 gene from wheat (Fejes et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 15:921-932 (1990), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the promoter for the CAB-1 gene from spinach (Lubberstedt et al., Plant Physiol. 104:997-1006 (1994), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the promoter for the cab1R gene from rice (Luan et al., Plant Cell. 4:971-981 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), the pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) promoter from maize (Matsuoka et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 90: 9586-9590 (1993), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the promoter for the tobacco Lhcb1*2 gene (Cerdan et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 33:245-255 (1997), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the Arabidopsis thaliana SUC2 sucrose-H+ symporter promoter (Truemit et al., Planta. 196:564-570 (1995), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety) and the promoter for the thylakoid membrane proteins from spinach (psaD, psaF, psae, PC, FNR, atpC, atpD, cab, rbcS). Other promoters for the chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins may also be utilized in the present invention, such as the promoters for LhcB gene and PsbP gene from white mustard (Sinapis alba; Kretsch et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 28:219-229 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • For the purpose of expression in sink tissues of the plant, such as the tuber of the potato plant, the fruit of tomato, or the seed of maize, wheat, rice and barley, it is preferred that the promoters utilized in the present invention have relatively high expression in these specific tissues. A number of promoters for genes with tuber-specific or -enhanced expression are known, including the class I patatin promoter (Bevan et al., EMBO J. 8:1899-1906 (1986); Jefferson et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 14:995-1006 (1990), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the promoter for the potato tuber ADPGPP genes, both the large and small subunits, the sucrose synthase promoter (Salanoubat and Belliard, Gene. 60:47-56 (1987), Salanoubat and Belliard, Gene. 84:181-185 (1989), both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety), the promoter for the major tuber proteins including the 22 kd protein complexes and proteinase inhibitors (Hannapel, Plant Physiol. 101:703-704 (1993), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety), the promoter for the granule bound starch synthase gene (GBSS) (Visser et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 17:691-699 (1991), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety) and other class I and II patatins promoters (Koster-Topfer et al., Mol Gen Genet. 219:390-396 (1989); Mignery et al., Gene. 62:27-44 (1988), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • Other promoters can also be used to express a transcription factor or fragment thereof in specific tissues, such as seeds or fruits. The promoter for β-conglycinin (Chen et al., Dev. Genet. 10: 112-122 (1989), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety) or other seed-specific promoters such as the napin and phaseolin promoters, can be used. The zeins are a group of storage proteins found in maize endosperm. Genomic clones for zein genes have been isolated (Pedersen et al., Cell 29:1015-1026 (1982), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety) and the promoters from these clones, including the 15 kD, 16 kD, 19 kD, 22 kD, 27 kD and γ genes, could also be used. Other promoters known to function, for example, in maize include the promoters for the following genes: waxy, Brittle, Shrunken 2, Branching enzymes I and II, starch synthases, debranching enzymes, oleosins, glutelins and sucrose synthases. A particularly preferred promoter for maize endosperm expression is the promoter for the glutelin gene from rice, more particularly the Osgt-1 promoter (Zheng et al., Mol Cell Biol. 13:5829-5842 (1993), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety). Examples of promoters suitable for expression in wheat include those promoters for the ADPglucose pyrosynthase (ADPGPP) subunits, the granule bound and other starch synthase, the branching and debranching enzymes, the embryogenesis-abundant proteins, the gliadins and the glutenins. Examples of such promoters in rice include those promoters for the ADPGPP subunits, the granule bound and other starch synthase, the branching enzymes, the debranching enzymes, sucrose synthases and the glutelins. A particularly preferred promoter is the promoter for rice glutelin, Osgt-1. Examples of such promoters for barley include those for the ADPGPP subunits, the granule bound and other starch synthase, the branching enzymes, the debranching enzymes, sucrose synthases, the hordeins, the embryo globulins and the aleurone specific proteins.
  • Root specific promoters may also be used. An example of such a promoter is the promoter for the acid chitinase gene (Samac et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 25:587-596 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Expression in root tissue could also be accomplished by utilizing the root specific subdomains of the CaMV35S promoter that have been identified (Lam et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 86:7890-7894 (1989), herein incorporated by reference in its entirety). Other root cell specific promoters include those reported by Conkling et al. (Conkling et al., Plant Physiol. 93:1203-1211 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Additional promoters that may be utilized are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,378,619; 5,391,725; 5,428,147; 5,447,858; 5,608,144; 5,608,144; 5,614,399; 5,633,441; 5,633,435; and 4,633,436, all of which are herein incorporated in their entirety. In addition, a tissue specific enhancer may be used (Fromm et al., The Plant Cell 1:977-984 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Constructs or vectors may also include with the coding region of interest a nucleic acid sequence that acts, in whole or in part, to terminate transcription of that region. For example, such sequences have been isolated including the Tr7 3′ sequence and the NOS 3′ sequence (Ingelbrecht et al., The Plant Cell 1:671-680 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Bevan et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 11:369-385 (1983), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), or the like.
  • A vector or construct may also include regulatory elements. Examples of such include the Adh intron 1 (Callis et al., Genes and Develop. 1:1183-1200 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), the sucrose synthase intron (Vasil et al., Plant Physiol. 91:1575-1579 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and the TMV omega element (Gallie et al., The Plant Cell 1:301-311 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). These and other regulatory elements may be included when appropriate.
  • A vector or construct may also include a selectable marker. Selectable markers may also be used to select for plants or plant cells that contain the exogenous genetic material. Examples of such include, but are not limited to, a neo gene (Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 199:183-188 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) which codes for kanamycin resistance and can be selected for using kanamycin, G418, etc.; a bar gene which codes for bialaphos resistance; a mutant EPSP synthase gene (Hinchee et al., Bio/Technology 6:915-922 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) which encodes glyphosate resistance; a nitrilase gene which confers resistance to bromoxynil (Stalker et al., J. Biol. Chem. 263:6310-6314 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); a mutant acetolactate synthase gene (ALS) which confers imidazolinone or sulphonylurea resistance (European Patent Application 154,204 (Sep. 11, 1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); and a methotrexate resistant DHFR gene (Thillet et al., J. Biol. Chem. 263:12500-12508 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • A vector or construct may also include a transit peptide. Incorporation of a suitable chloroplast transit peptide may also be employed (European Patent Application Publication Number 0218571, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Translational enhancers may also be incorporated as part of the vector DNA. DNA constructs could contain one or more 5′ non-translated leader sequences which may serve to enhance expression of the gene products from the resulting mRNA transcripts. Such sequences may be derived from the promoter selected to express the gene or can be specifically modified to increase translation of the mRNA. Such regions may also be obtained from viral RNAs, from suitable eukaryotic genes, or from a synthetic gene sequence. For a review of optimizing expression of transgenes, see Koziel et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 32:393-405 (1996), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • A vector or construct may also include a screenable marker. Screenable markers may be used to monitor expression. Exemplary screenable markers include a β-glucuronidase or uidA gene (GUS) which encodes an enzyme for which various chromogenic substrates are known (Jefferson, Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 5:387-405 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Jefferson et al., EMBO J. 6:3901-3907 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); an R-locus gene, which encodes a product that regulates the production of anthocyanin pigments (red color) in plant tissues (Dellaporta et al., Stadler Symposium 11:263-282 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); a lactamase gene (Sutcliffe et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 75:3737-3741 (1978), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), a gene which encodes an enzyme for which various chromogenic substrates are known (e.g., PADAC, a chromogenic cephalosporin); a luciferase gene (Ow et al., Science 234:856-859 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); a xylE gene (Zukowsky et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 80:1101-1105 (1983), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) which encodes a catechol dioxygenase that can convert chromogenic catechols; an α-amylase gene (Ikatu et al., Bio/Technol. 8:241-242 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); a tyrosinase gene (Katz et al., J. Gen. Microbiol. 129:2703-2714 (1983), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) which encodes an enzyme capable of oxidizing tyrosine to DOPA and dopaquinone which in turn condenses to melanin; an α-galactosidase, which will turn a chromogenic α-galactose substrate.
  • Included within the terms “selectable or screenable marker genes” are also genes which encode a secretable marker whose secretion can be detected as a means of identifying or selecting for transformed cells. Examples include markers which encode a secretable antigen that can be identified by antibody interaction, or even secretable enzymes which can be detected catalytically. Secretable proteins fall into a number of classes, including small, diffusible proteins which are detectable, (e.g., by ELISA), small active enzymes which are detectable in extracellular solution (e.g., α-amylase, β-lactamase, phosphinothricin transferase), or proteins which are inserted or trapped in the cell wall (such as proteins which include a leader sequence such as that found in the expression unit of extension or tobacco PR-S). Other possible selectable and/or screenable marker genes will be apparent to those of skill in the art.
  • There are many methods for introducing transforming nucleic acid molecules into plant cells. Suitable methods are believed to include virtually any method by which nucleic acid molecules may be introduced into a cell, such as by Agrobacterium infection or direct delivery of nucleic acid molecules such as, for example, by PEG-mediated transformation, by electroporation or by acceleration of DNA coated particles, etc (Potrykus, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 42:205-225 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Vasil, Plant Mol. Biol. 25:925-937 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). For example, electroporation has been used to transform maize protoplasts (Fromm et al., Nature 312:791-793 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Other vector systems suitable for introducing transforming DNA into a host plant cell include but are not limited to binary artificial chromosome (BIBAC) vectors (Hamilton et al., Gene 200:107-116 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); and transfection with RNA viral vectors (Della-Cioppa et al., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. (1996), 792 (Engineering Plants for Commercial Products and Applications), 57-61, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Additional vector systems also include plant selectable YAC vectors such as those described in Mullen et al., Molecular Breeding 4:449-457 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Technology for introduction of DNA into cells is well known to those of skill in the art. Four general methods for delivering a gene into cells have been described: (1) chemical methods (Graham and van der Eb, Virology 54:536-539 (1973), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); (2) physical methods such as microinjection (Capecchi, Cell 22:479-488 (1980), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), electroporation (Wong and Neumann, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 107:584-587 (1982); Fromm et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 82:5824-5828 (1985); U.S. Pat. No. 5,384,253, all of which are herein incorporated in their entirety); and the gene gun (Johnston and Tang, Methods Cell Biol. 43:353-365 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); (3) viral vectors (Clapp, Clin. Perinatol. 20:155-168 (1993); Lu et al., J. Exp. Med. 178:2089-2096 (1993); Eglitis and Anderson, Biotechniques 6:608-614 (1988), all of which are herein incorporated in their entirety); and (4) receptor-mediated mechanisms (Curiel et al., Hum. Gen. Ther. 3:147-154 (1992), Wagner et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 89:6099-6103 (1992), both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • Acceleration methods that may be used include, for example, microprojectile bombardment and the like. One example of a method for delivering transforming nucleic acid molecules to plant cells is microprojectile bombardment. This method has been reviewed by Yang and Christou (eds.), Particle Bombardment Technology for Gene Transfer, Oxford Press, Oxford, England (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Non-biological particles (microprojectiles) that may be coated with nucleic acids and delivered into cells by a propelling force. Exemplary particles include those comprised of tungsten, gold, platinum and the like.
  • A particular advantage of microprojectile bombardment, in addition to it being an effective means of reproducibly transforming monocots, is that neither the isolation of protoplasts (Cristou et al., Plant Physiol. 87:671-674 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) nor the susceptibility of Agrobacterium infection are required. An illustrative embodiment of a method for delivering DNA into maize cells by acceleration is a biolistics α-particle delivery system, which can be used to propel particles coated with DNA through a screen, such as a stainless steel or Nytex screen, onto a filter surface covered with corn cells cultured in suspension. Gordon-Kamm et al., describes the basic procedure for coating tungsten particles with DNA (Gordon-Kamm et al., Plant Cell 2:603-618 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The screen disperses the tungsten nucleic acid particles so that they are not delivered to the recipient cells in large aggregates. A particle delivery system suitable for use with the present invention is the helium acceleration PDS-1000/He gun is available from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Bio-Rad, Hercules, Calif.) (Sanford et al., Technique 3:3-16 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • For the bombardment, cells in suspension may be concentrated on filters. Filters containing the cells to be bombarded are positioned at an appropriate distance below the microprojectile stopping plate. If desired, one or more screens are also positioned between the gun and the cells to be bombarded.
  • Alternatively, immature embryos or other target cells may be arranged on solid culture medium. The cells to be bombarded are positioned at an appropriate distance below the microprojectile stopping plate. If desired, one or more screens are also positioned between the acceleration device and the cells to be bombarded. Through the use of techniques set forth herein one may obtain up to 1000 or more foci of cells transiently expressing a marker gene. The number of cells in a focus which express the exogenous gene product 48 hours post-bombardment often range from one to ten and average one to three.
  • In bombardment transformation, one may optimize the pre-bombardment culturing conditions and the bombardment parameters to yield the maximum numbers of stable transformants. Both the physical and biological parameters for bombardment are important in this technology. Physical factors are those that involve manipulating the DNA/microprojectile precipitate or those that affect the flight and velocity of either the macro- or microprojectiles. Biological factors include all steps involved in manipulation of cells before and immediately after bombardment, the osmotic adjustment of target cells to help alleviate the trauma associated with bombardment and also the nature of the transforming DNA, such as linearized DNA or intact supercoiled plasmids. It is believed that pre-bombardment manipulations are especially important for successful transformation of immature embryos.
  • In another alternative embodiment, plastids can be stably transformed. Methods disclosed for plastid transformation in higher plants include the particle gun delivery of DNA containing a selectable marker and targeting of the DNA to the plastid genome through homologous recombination (Svab et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 87:8526-8530 (1990); Svab and Maliga, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 90:913-917 (1993); Staub and Maliga, EMBO J. 12:601-606 (1993); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,451,513 and 5,545,818, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • Accordingly, it is contemplated that one may wish to adjust various aspects of the bombardment parameters in small scale studies to fully optimize the conditions. One may particularly wish to adjust physical parameters such as gap distance, flight distance, tissue distance and helium pressure. One may also minimize the trauma reduction factors by modifying conditions which influence the physiological state of the recipient cells and which may therefore influence transformation and integration efficiencies. For example, the osmotic state, tissue hydration and the subculture stage or cell cycle of the recipient cells may be adjusted for optimum transformation. The execution of other routine adjustments will be known to those of skill in the art in light of the present disclosure.
  • Agrobacterium-mediated transfer is a widely applicable system for introducing genes into plant cells because the DNA can be introduced into whole plant tissues, thereby bypassing the need for regeneration of an intact plant from a protoplast. The use of Agrobacterium-mediated plant integrating vectors to introduce DNA into plant cells is well known in the art. See, for example the methods described by Fraley et al., Bio/Technology 3:629-635 (1985) and Rogers et al., Methods Enzymol. 153:253-277 (1987), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. Further, the integration of the Ti-DNA is a relatively precise process resulting in few rearrangements. The region of DNA to be transferred is defined by the border sequences and intervening DNA is usually inserted into the plant genome as described (Spielmann et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 205:34 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Modern Agrobacterium transformation vectors are capable of replication in E. coli as well as Agrobacterium, allowing for convenient manipulations as described (Klee et al., In: Plant DNA Infectious Agents, Hohn and Schell (eds.), Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 179-203 (1985), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference. Moreover, technological advances in vectors for Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer have improved the arrangement of genes and restriction sites in the vectors to facilitate construction of vectors capable of expressing various polypeptide coding genes. The vectors described have convenient multi-linker regions flanked by a promoter and a polyadenylation site for direct expression of inserted polypeptide coding genes and are suitable for present purposes (Rogers et al., Methods Enzymol. 153:253-277 (1987)). In addition, Agrobacterium containing both armed and disarmed Ti genes can be used for the transformations. In those plant strains where Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is efficient, it is the method of choice because of the facile and defined nature of the gene transfer.
  • A transgenic plant formed using Agrobacterium transformation methods typically contains a single gene on one chromosome. Such transgenic plants can be referred to as being heterozygous for the added gene. More preferred is a transgenic plant that is homozygous for the added structural gene; i.e., a transgenic plant that contains two added genes, one gene at the same locus on each chromosome of a chromosome pair. A homozygous transgenic plant can be obtained by sexually mating (selfing) an independent segregant transgenic plant that contains a single added gene, germinating some of the seed produced and analyzing the resulting plants produced for the gene of interest.
  • It is also to be understood that two different transgenic plants can also be mated to produce offspring that contain two independently segregating added, exogenous genes. Selfing of appropriate progeny can produce plants that are homozygous for both added, exogenous genes that encode a polypeptide of interest. Back-crossing to a parental plant and out-crossing with a non-transgenic plant are also contemplated, as is vegetative propagation.
  • Transformation of plant protoplasts can be achieved using methods based on calcium phosphate precipitation, polyethylene glycol treatment, electroporation and combinations of these treatments (See, for example, Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 205:193-200 (1986); Lorz et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 199:178 (1985); Fromm et al., Nature 319:791 (1986); Uchimiya et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 204:204 (1986); Marcotte et al., Nature 335:454-457 (1988), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • Application of these systems to different plant strains depends upon the ability to regenerate that particular plant strain from protoplasts. Illustrative methods for the regeneration of cereals from protoplasts are described (Fujimura et al., Plant Tissue Culture Letters 2:74 (1985); Toriyama et al., Theor Appl. Genet. 205:34 (1986); Yamada et al., Plant Cell Rep. 4:85 (1986); Abdullah et al., Biotechnolog. 4:1087 (1986), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • To transform plant strains that cannot be successfully regenerated from protoplasts, other ways to introduce DNA into intact cells or tissues can be utilized. For example, regeneration of cereals from immature embryos or explants can be effected as described (Vasil, Biotechnology 6:397 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). In addition, “particle gun” or high-velocity microprojectile technology can be utilized (Vasil et al., Bio/Technology 10:667 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Using the latter technology, DNA is carried through the cell wall and into the cytoplasm on the surface of small metal particles as described (Klein et al., Nature 328:70 (1987); Klein et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 85:8502-8505 (1988); McCabe et al., Bio/Technology 6:923 (1988), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). The metal particles penetrate through several layers of cells and thus allow the transformation of cells within tissue explants.
  • Other methods of cell transformation can also be used and include but are not limited to introduction of DNA into plants by direct DNA transfer into pollen (Zhou et al., Methods Enzymol. 101:433 (1983); Hess et al., Intern Rev. Cytol. 107:367 (1987); Luo et al., Plant Mol. Biol. Reporter 6:165 (1988), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety), by direct injection of DNA into reproductive organs of a plant (Pena et al., Nature 325:274 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), or by direct injection of DNA into the cells of immature embryos followed by the rehydration of desiccated embryos (Neuhaus et al., Theor. Appl. Genet. 75:30 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • The regeneration, development and cultivation of plants from single plant protoplast transformants or from various transformed explants is well known in the art (Weissbach and Weissbach, In: Methods for Plant Molecular Biology, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif., (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). This regeneration and growth process typically includes the steps of selection of transformed cells, culturing those individualized cells through the usual stages of embryonic development through the rooted plantlet stage. Transgenic embryos and seeds are similarly regenerated. The resulting transgenic rooted shoots are thereafter planted in an appropriate plant growth medium such as soil.
  • The development or regeneration of plants containing the foreign, exogenous gene that encodes a protein of interest is well known in the art. Preferably, the regenerated plants are self-pollinated to provide homozygous transgenic plants. Otherwise, pollen obtained from the regenerated plants is crossed to seed-grown plants of agronomically important lines. Conversely, pollen from plants of these important lines is used to pollinate regenerated plants. A transgenic plant of the present invention containing a desired polypeptide is cultivated using methods well known to one skilled in the art.
  • There are a variety of methods for the regeneration of plants from plant tissue. The particular method of regeneration will depend on the starting plant tissue and the particular plant species to be regenerated.
  • Methods for transforming dicots, primarily by use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and obtaining transgenic plants have been published for cotton (U.S. Pat. No. 5,004,863; U.S. Pat. No. 5,159,135; U.S. Pat. No. 5,518,908, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety); soybean (U.S. Pat. No. 5,569,834; U.S. Pat. No. 5,416,011; McCabe et. al., Biotechnology 6:923 (1988); Christou et al., Plant Physiol. 87:671-674 (1988); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety); Brassica (U.S. Pat. No. 5,463,174, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); peanut (Cheng et al., Plant Cell Rep. 15:653-657 (1996), McKently et al., Plant Cell Rep. 14:699-703 (1995), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety); papaya; and pea (Grant et al., Plant Cell Rep. 15:254-258 (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Transformation of monocotyledons using electroporation, particle bombardment and Agrobacterium have also been reported. Transformation and plant regeneration have been achieved in asparagus (Bytebier et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 84:5354 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); barley (Wan and Lemaux, Plant Physiol 104:37 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); maize (Rhodes et al., Science 240:204 (1988); Gordon-Kamm et al., Plant Cell 2:603-618 (1990); Fromm et al., Bio/Technology 8:833 (1990); Koziel et al., Bio/Technology 11:194 (1993); Armstrong et al., Crop Science 35:550-557 (1995); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety); oat (Somers et al., Bio/Technology 10:1589 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); orchard grass (Horn et al., Plant Cell Rep. 7:469 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); rice (Toriyama et al., Theor Appl. Genet. 205:34 (1986); Part et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 32:1135-1148 (1996); Abedinia et al., Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 24:133-141 (1997); Zhang and Wu, Theor. Appl. Genet. 76:835 (1988); Zhang et al., Plant Cell Rep. 7:379 (1988); Battraw and Hall, Plant Sci. 86:191-202 (1992); Christou et al., Bio/Technology 9:957 (1991), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety); rye (De la Pena et al., Nature 325:274 (1987), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); sugarcane (Bower and Birch, Plant J. 2:409 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); tall fescue (Wang et al., Bio/Technology 10:691 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and wheat (Vasil et al., Bio/Technology 10:667 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; U.S. Pat. No. 5,631,152, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.)
  • Assays for gene expression based on the transient expression of cloned nucleic acid constructs have been developed by introducing the nucleic acid molecules into plant cells by polyethylene glycol treatment, electroporation, or particle bombardment (Marcotte et al., Nature 335:454-457 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Marcotte et al., Plant Cell 1:523-532 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; McCarty et al., Cell 66:895-905 (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Hattori et al., Genes Dev. 6:609-618 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Goff et al., EMBO J. 9:2517-2522 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Transient expression systems may be used to functionally dissect gene constructs (see generally, Mailga et al., Methods in Plant Molecular Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Press (1995)).
  • Any of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be introduced into a plant cell in a permanent or transient manner in combination with other genetic elements such as vectors, promoters, enhancers etc. Further, any of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may be introduced into a plant cell in a manner that allows for overexpression of the protein or fragment thereof encoded by the nucleic acid molecule.
  • Cosuppression is the reduction in expression levels, usually at the level of RNA, of a particular endogenous gene or gene family by the expression of a homologous sense construct that is capable of transcribing mRNA of the same strandedness as the transcript of the endogenous gene (Napoli et al., Plant Cell 2:279-289 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; van der Krol et al., Plant Cell 2:291-299 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Cosuppression may result from stable transformation with a single copy nucleic acid molecule that is homologous to a nucleic acid sequence found with the cell (Prolls and Meyer, Plant J. 2:465-475 (1992), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) or with multiple copies of a nucleic acid molecule that is homologous to a nucleic acid sequence found with the cell (Mittlesten et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 244:325-330 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Genes, even though different, linked to homologous promoters may result in the cosuppression of the linked genes (Vaucheret, C. R. Acad. Sci. III 316:1471-1483 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • This technique has, for example, been applied to generate white flowers from red petunia and tomatoes that do not ripen on the vine. Up to 50% of petunia transformants that contained a sense copy of the glucoamylase (CHS) gene produced white flowers or floral sectors; this was as a result of the post-transcriptional loss of mRNA encoding CHS (Flavell, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 91:3490-3496 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); van Blokland et al., Plant J. 6:861-877 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Cosuppression may require the coordinate transcription of the transgene and the endogenous gene and can be reset by a developmental control mechanism (Jorgensen, Trends Biotechnol. 8:340-344 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Meins and Kunz, In: Gene Inactivation and Homologous Recombination in Plants, Paszkowski (ed.), pp. 335-348, Kluwer Academic, Netherlands (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • It is understood that one or more of the nucleic acids of the present invention may be introduced into a plant cell and transcribed using an appropriate promoter with such transcription resulting in the cosuppression of an endogenous transcription factor.
  • Antisense approaches are a way of preventing or reducing gene function by targeting the genetic material (Mol et al., FEBS Lett. 268:427-430 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The objective of the antisense approach is to use a sequence complementary to the target gene to block its expression and create a mutant cell line or organism in which the level of a single chosen protein is selectively reduced or abolished. Antisense techniques have several advantages over other ‘reverse genetic’ approaches. The site of inactivation and its developmental effect can be manipulated by the choice of promoter for antisense genes or by the timing of external application or microinjection. Antisense can manipulate its specificity by selecting either unique regions of the target gene or regions where it shares homology to other related genes (Hiatt et al., In: Genetic Engineering, Setlow (ed.), Vol. 11, New York: Plenum 49-63 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • The principle of regulation by antisense RNA is that RNA that is complementary to the target mRNA is introduced into cells, resulting in specific RNA:RNA duplexes being formed by base pairing between the antisense substrate and the target mRNA (Green et al., Annu. Rev. Biochem. 55:569-597 (1986), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Under one embodiment, the process involves the introduction and expression of an antisense gene sequence. Such a sequence is one in which part or all of the normal gene sequences are placed under a promoter in inverted orientation so that the ‘wrong’ or complementary strand is transcribed into a noncoding antisense RNA that hybridizes with the target mRNA and interferes with its expression (Takayama and Inouye, Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 25:155-184 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). An antisense vector is constructed by standard procedures and introduced into cells by transformation, transfection, electroporation, microinjection, infection, etc. The type of transformation and choice of vector will determine whether expression is transient or stable. The promoter used for the antisense gene may influence the level, timing, tissue, specificity, or inducibility of the antisense inhibition.
  • It is understood that the activity of a transcription factor in a plant cell may be reduced or depressed by growing a transformed plant cell containing a nucleic acid molecule whose non-transcribed strand encodes a transcription factor or fragment thereof.
  • Antibodies have been expressed in plants (Hiatt et al., Nature 342:76-78 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Conrad and Fielder, Plant Mol. Biol. 26:1023-1030 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Cytoplasmic expression of a scFv (single-chain Fv antibodies) has been reported to delay infection by artichoke mottled crinkle virus. Transgenic plants that express antibodies directed against endogenous proteins may exhibit a physiological effect (Philips et al., EMBO J. 16:4489-4496 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Marion-Poll, Trends in Plant Science 2:447-448 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). For example, expressed anti-abscisic antibodies have been reported to result in a general perturbation of seed development (Philips et al., EMBO J. 16: 4489-4496 (1997)).
  • Antibodies that are catalytic may also be expressed in plants (abzymes). The principle behind abzymes is that since antibodies may be raised against many molecules, this recognition ability can be directed toward generating antibodies that bind transition states to force a chemical reaction forward (Persidas, Nature Biotechnology 15:1313-1315 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Baca et al., Ann. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 26:461-493 (1997), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The catalytic abilities of abzymes may be enhanced by site directed mutagenesis. Examples of abzymes are, for example, set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 5,658,753; U.S. Pat. No. 5,632,990; U.S. Pat. No. 5,631,137; U.S. Pat. No. 5,602,015; U.S. Pat. No. 5,559,538; U.S. Pat. No. 5,576,174; U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,358; U.S. Pat. No. 5,318,897; U.S. Pat. No. 5,298,409; U.S. Pat. No. 5,258,289 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,194,585, all of which are herein incorporated in their entirety.
  • It is understood that any of the antibodies of the present invention may be expressed in plants and that such expression can result in a physiological effect. It is also understood that any of the expressed antibodies may be catalytic.
  • (b) Fungal Constructs and Fungal Transformants
  • The present invention also relates to a fungal recombinant vector comprising exogenous genetic material. The present invention also relates to a fungal cell comprising a fungal recombinant vector. The present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant fungal host cell comprising introducing into a fungal host cell exogenous genetic material.
  • Exogenous genetic material may be transferred into a fungal cell. In a preferred embodiment the exogenous genetic material includes a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either or other nucleic acid molecule of the present invention. The fungal recombinant vector may be any vector which can be conveniently subjected to recombinant DNA procedures. The choice of a vector will typically depend on the compatibility of the vector with the fungal host cell into which the vector is to be introduced. The vector may be a linear or a closed circular plasmid. The vector system may be a single vector or plasmid or two or more vectors or plasmids which together contain the total DNA to be introduced into the genome of the fungal host.
  • The fungal vector may be an autonomously replicating vector, i.e., a vector which exists as an extrachromosomal entity, the replication of which is independent of chromosomal replication, e.g., a plasmid, an extrachromosomal element, a minichromosome, or an artificial chromosome. The vector may contain any means for assuring self-replication. Alternatively, the vector may be one which, when introduced into the fungal cell, is integrated into the genome and replicated together with the chromosome(s) into which it has been integrated. For integration, the vector may rely on the nucleic acid sequence of the vector for stable integration of the vector into the genome by homologous or nonhomologous recombination. Alternatively, the vector may contain additional nucleic acid sequences for directing integration by homologous recombination into the genome of the fungal host. The additional nucleic acid sequences enable the vector to be integrated into the host cell genome at a precise location(s) in the chromosome(s). To increase the likelihood of integration at a precise location, there should be preferably two nucleic acid sequences which individually contain a sufficient number of nucleic acids, preferably 400 bp to 1500 bp, more preferably 800 bp to 1000 bp, which are highly homologous with the corresponding target sequence to enhance the probability of homologous recombination. These nucleic acid sequences may be any sequence that is homologous with a target sequence in the genome of the fungal host cell and, furthermore, may be non-encoding or encoding sequences.
  • For autonomous replication, the vector may further comprise an origin of replication enabling the vector to replicate autonomously in the host cell in question. Examples of origin of replications for use in a yeast host cell are the 2 micron origin of replication and the combination of CEN3 and ARS 1. Any origin of replication may be used which is compatible with the fungal host cell of choice.
  • The fungal vectors of the present invention preferably contain one or more selectable markers which permit easy selection of transformed cells. A selectable marker is a gene the product of which provides, for example biocide or viral resistance, resistance to heavy metals, prototrophy to auxotrophs and the like. The selectable marker may be selected from the group including, but not limited to, amdS (acetamidase), argB (ornithine carbamoyltransferase), bar (phosphinothricin acetyltransferase), hygB (hygromycin phosphotransferase), niaD (nitrate reductase), pyrG (orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase) and sC (sulfate adenyltransferase) and trpC (anthranilate synthase). Preferred for use in an Aspergillus cell are the amdS and pyrG markers of Aspergillus nidulans or Aspergillus oryzae and the bar marker of Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Furthermore, selection may be accomplished by co-transformation, e.g., as described in WO 91/17243, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference. A nucleic acid sequence of the present invention may be operably linked to a suitable promoter sequence. The promoter sequence is a nucleic acid sequence which is recognized by the fungal host cell for expression of the nucleic acid sequence. The promoter sequence contains transcription and translation control sequences which mediate the expression of the protein or fragment thereof.
  • A promoter may be any nucleic acid sequence which shows transcriptional activity in the fungal host cell of choice and may be obtained from genes encoding polypeptides either homologous or heterologous to the host cell. Examples of suitable promoters for directing the transcription of a nucleic acid construct of the invention in a filamentous fungal host are promoters obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase, Rhizomucor miehei aspartic proteinase, Aspergillus niger neutral alpha-amylase, Aspergillus niger acid stable alpha-amylase, Aspergillus niger or Aspergillus awamori glucoamylase (glaA), Rhizomucor miehei lipase, Aspergillus oryzae alkaline protease, Aspergillus oryzae triose phosphate isomerase, Aspergillus nidulans acetamidase and hybrids thereof. In a yeast host, a useful promoter is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae enolase (eno-1) promoter. Particularly preferred promoters are the TAKA amylase, NA2-tpi (a hybrid of the promoters from the genes encoding Aspergillus niger neutral alpha-amylase and Aspergillus oryzae triose phosphate isomerase) and glaA promoters.
  • A protein or fragment thereof encoding nucleic acid molecule of the present invention may also be operably linked to a terminator sequence at its 3′ terminus. The terminator sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any terminator which is functional in the fungal host cell of choice may be used in the present invention, but particularly preferred terminators are obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase, Aspergillus niger glucoamylase, Aspergillus nidulans anthranilate synthase, Aspergillus niger alpha-glucosidase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae enolase.
  • A protein or fragment thereof encoding nucleic acid molecule of the present invention may also be operably linked to a suitable leader sequence. A leader sequence is a nontranslated region of a mRNA which is important for translation by the fungal host. The leader sequence is operably linked to the 5′ terminus of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof. The leader sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any leader sequence which is functional in the fungal host cell of choice may be used in the present invention, but particularly preferred leaders are obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase and Aspergillus oryzae triose phosphate isomerase.
  • A polyadenylation sequence may also be operably linked to the 3′ terminus of the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention. The polyadenylation sequence is a sequence which when transcribed is recognized by the fungal host to add polyadenosine residues to transcribed mRNA. The polyadenylation sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any polyadenylation sequence which is functional in the fungal host of choice may be used in the present invention, but particularly preferred polyadenylation sequences are obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase, Aspergillus niger glucoamylase, Aspergillus nidulans anthranilate synthase and Aspergillus niger alpha-glucosidase.
  • To avoid the necessity of disrupting the cell to obtain the protein or fragment thereof and to minimize the amount of possible degradation of the expressed protein or fragment thereof within the cell, it is preferred that expression of the protein or fragment thereof gives rise to a product secreted outside the cell. To this end, a protein or fragment thereof of the present invention may be linked to a signal peptide linked to the amino terminus of the protein or fragment thereof. A signal peptide is an amino acid sequence which permits the secretion of the protein or fragment thereof from the fungal host into the culture medium. The signal peptide may be native to the protein or fragment thereof of the invention or may be obtained from foreign sources. The 5′ end of the coding sequence of the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention may inherently contain a signal peptide coding region naturally linked in translation reading frame with the segment of the coding region which encodes the secreted protein or fragment thereof. Alternatively, the 5′ end of the coding sequence may contain a signal peptide coding region which is foreign to that portion of the coding sequence which encodes the secreted protein or fragment thereof. The foreign signal peptide may be required where the coding sequence does not normally contain a signal peptide coding region. Alternatively, the foreign signal peptide may simply replace the natural signal peptide to obtain enhanced secretion of the desired protein or fragment thereof. The foreign signal peptide coding region may be obtained from a glucoamylase or an amylase gene from an Aspergillus species, a lipase or proteinase gene from Rhizomucor miehei, the gene for the alpha-factor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or the calf preprochymosin gene. An effective signal peptide for fungal host cells is the Aspergillus oryzae TAKA amylase signal, Aspergillus niger neutral amylase signal, the Rhizomucor miehei aspartic proteinase signal, the Humicola lanuginosus cellulase signal, or the Rhizomucor miehei lipase signal. However, any signal peptide capable of permitting secretion of the protein or fragment thereof in a fungal host of choice may be used in the present invention.
  • A protein or fragment thereof encoding nucleic acid molecule of the present invention may also be linked to a propeptide coding region. A propeptide is an amino acid sequence found at the amino terminus of aproprotein or proenzyme. Cleavage of the propeptide from the proprotein yields a mature biochemically active protein. The resulting polypeptide is known as a propolypeptide or proenzyme (or a zymogen in some cases). Propolypeptides are generally inactive and can be converted to mature active polypeptides by catalytic or autocatalytic cleavage of the propeptide from the propolypeptide or proenzyme. The propeptide coding region may be native to the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. The foreign propeptide coding region may be obtained from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-factor gene or Myceliophthora thermophila laccase gene (WO 95/33836, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • The procedures used to ligate the elements described above to construct the recombinant expression vector of the present invention are well known to one skilled in the art (see, for example, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2nd ed., Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., (1989)).
  • The present invention also relates to recombinant fungal host cells produced by the methods of the present invention which are advantageously used with the recombinant vector of the present invention. The cell is preferably transformed with a vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence of the invention followed by integration of the vector into the host chromosome. The choice of fungal host cells will to a large extent depend upon the gene encoding the protein or fragment thereof and its source. The fungal host cell may, for example, be a yeast cell or a filamentous fungal cell.
  • “Yeast” as used herein includes Ascosporogenous yeast (Endomycetales), Basidiosporogenous yeast and yeast belonging to the Fungi Imperfecti (Blastomycetes). The Ascosporogenous yeasts are divided into the families Spermophthoraceae and Saccharomycetaceae. The latter is comprised of four subfamilies, Schizosaccharomycoideae (for example, genus Schizosaccharomyces), Nadsonioideae, Lipomycoideae and Saccharomycoideae (for example, genera Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Saccharomyces). The Basidiosporogenous yeasts include the genera Leucosporidim, Rhodosporidium, Sporidiobolus, Filobasidium and Filobasidiella. Yeast belonging to the Fungi Imperfecti are divided into two families, Sporobolomycetaceae (for example, genera Sorobolomyces and Bullera) and Cryptococcaceae (for example, genus Candida). Since the classification of yeast may change in the future, for the purposes of this invention, yeast shall be defined as described in Biology and Activities of Yeast (Skinner et al., Soc. App. Bacteriol. Symposium Series No. 9, (1980), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). The biology of yeast and manipulation of yeast genetics are well known in the art (see, for example, Biochemistry and Genetics of Yeast, Bacil et al. (ed.), 2nd edition, 1987; The Yeasts, Rose and Harrison (eds.), 2nd ed., (1987); and The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces, Strathern et al. (eds.), (1981), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • “Fungi” as used herein includes the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota (as defined by Hawksworth et al., In: Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of The Fungi, 8th edition, 1995, CAB International, University Press, Cambridge, UK; the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) as well as the Oomycota (as cited in Hawksworth et al., In: Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of The Fungi, 8th edition, 1995, CAB International, University Press, Cambridge, UK) and all mitosporic fungi (Hawksworth et al., In: Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of The Fungi, 8th edition, 1995, CAB International, University Press, Cambridge, UK). Representative groups of Ascomycota include, for example, Neurospora, Eupenicillium (=Penicillium), Emericella (=Aspergillus), Eurotiun (=Aspergillus) and the true yeasts listed above. Examples of Basidiomycota include mushrooms, rusts and smuts. Representative groups of Chytridiomycota include, for example, Allomyces, Blastocladiella, Coelomomyces and aquatic fungi. Representative groups of Oomycota include, for example, Saprolegniomycetous aquatic fungi (water molds) such as Achlya. Examples of mitosporic fungi include Aspergillus, Penicilliun, Candida and Alternaria. Representative groups of Zygomycota include, for example, Rhizopus and Mucor.
  • “Filamentous fungi” include all filamentous forms of the subdivision Eumycota and Oomycota (as defined by Hawksworth et al., In: Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of The Fungi, 8th edition, 1995, CAB International, University Press, Cambridge, UK). The filamentous fungi are characterized by a vegetative mycelium composed of chitin, cellulose, glucan, chitosan, mannan and other complex polysaccharides. Vegetative growth is by hyphal elongation and carbon catabolism is obligately aerobic. In contrast, vegetative growth by yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae is by budding of a unicellular thallus and carbon catabolism may be fermentative.
  • In one embodiment, the fungal host cell is a yeast cell. In a preferred embodiment, the yeast host cell is a cell of the species of Candida, Kluyveromyces, Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Pichia and Yarrowia. In a preferred embodiment, the yeast host cell is a Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell, a Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, Saccharomyces diastaticus cell, a Saccharomyces douglasii cell, a Saccharomyces kluyveri cell, a Saccharomyces norbensis cell, or a Saccharomyces oviformis cell. In another preferred embodiment, the yeast host cell is a Kluyveromyces lactis cell. In another preferred embodiment, the yeast host cell is a Yarrowia lipolytica cell.
  • In another embodiment, the fungal host cell is a filamentous fungal cell. In a preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a cell of the species of, but not limited to, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Humicola, Myceliophthora, Mucor, Neurospora, Penicillium, Thielavia, Tolypocladium and Trichoderma. In a preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is an Aspergillus cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is an Acremonium cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Fusarium cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Humicola cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Myceliophthora cell. In another even preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Mucor cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Neurospora cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Penicillium cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Thielavia cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Tolypocladiun cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Trichoderma cell. In a preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is an Aspergillus oryzae cell, an Aspergillus niger cell, an Aspergillus foetidus cell, or an Aspergillus japonicus cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Fusarium oxysporum cell or a Fusarium graminearum cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Humicola insolens cell or a Humicola lanuginosus cell. In another preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Myceliophthora thermophila cell. In a most preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Mucor miehei cell. In a most preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Neurospora crassa cell. In a most preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Penicillium purpurogenum cell. In another most preferred embodiment, the filamentous fungal host cell is a Thielavia terrestris cell. In another most preferred embodiment, the Trichoderma cell is a Trichoderma reesei cell, a Trichoderma viride cell, a Trichoderma longibrachiatum cell, a Trichoderma harzianum cell, or a Trichoderma koningii cell. In a preferred embodiment, the fungal host cell is selected from an A. nidulans cell, an A. niger cell, an A. oryzae cell and an A. sojae cell. In a further preferred embodiment, the fungal host cell is an A. nidulans cell.
  • The recombinant fungal host cells of the present invention may further comprise one or more sequences which encode one or more factors that are advantageous in the expression of the protein or fragment thereof, for example, an activator (e.g., a trans-acting factor), a chaperone and a processing protease. The nucleic acids encoding one or more of these factors are preferably not operably linked to the nucleic acid encoding the protein or fragment thereof. An activator is a protein which activates transcription of a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide (Kudla et al., EMBO 9:1355-1364 (1990); Jarai and Buxton, Current Genetics 26:2238-244 (1994); Verdier, Yeast 6:271-297 (1990), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). The nucleic acid sequence encoding an activator may be obtained from the genes encoding Saccharomyces cerevisiae heme activator protein 1 (hap 1), Saccharomyces cerevisiae galactose metabolizing protein 4 (gal4) and Aspergillus nidulans ammonia regulation protein (areA). For further examples, see Verdier, Yeast 6:271-297 (1990); MacKenzie et al., Journal of Gen. Microbiol. 139:2295-2307 (1993), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). A chaperone is a protein which assists another protein in folding properly (Hartl et al., TIBS 19:20-25 (1994); Bergeron et al., TIBS 19:124-128 (1994); Demolder et al., J. Biotechnology 32:179-189 (1994); Craig, Science 260:1902-1903 (1993); Gething and Sambrook, Nature 355:33-45 (1992); Puig and Gilbert, J. Biol. Chem. 269:7764-7771 (1994); Wang and Tsou, FASEB Journal 7:1515-11157 (1993); Robinson et al., Bio/Technology 1:381-384 (1994), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). The nucleic acid sequence encoding a chaperone may be obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus oryzae protein disulphide isomerase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae calnexin, Saccharomyces cerevisiae BiP/GRP78 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hsp70. For further examples, see Gething and Sambrook, Nature 355:33-45 (1992); Hartl et al., TIBS 19:20-25 (1994). A processing protease is a protease that cleaves a propeptide to generate a mature biochemically active polypeptide (Enderlin and Ogrydziak, Yeast 10:67-79 (1994); Fuller et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 86:1434-1438 (1989); Julius et al., Cell 37:1075-1089 (1984); Julius et al., Cell 32:839-852 (1983), all of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety). The nucleic acid sequence encoding a processing protease may be obtained from the genes encoding Aspergillus niger Kex2, Saccharomyces cerevisiae dipeptidylaminopeptidase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kex2 and Yarrowia lipolytica dibasic processing endoprotease (xpr6). Any factor that is functional in the fungal host cell of choice may be used in the present invention.
  • Fungal cells may be transformed by a process involving protoplast formation, transformation of the protoplasts and regeneration of the cell wall in a manner known per se. Suitable procedures for transformation of Aspergillus host cells are described in EP 238 023 and Yelton et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 81:1470-1474 (1984), both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. A suitable method of transforming Fusarium species is described by Malardier et al., Gene 78:147-156 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference. Yeast may be transformed using the procedures described by Becker and Guarente, In: Abelson and Simon, (eds.), Guide to Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology, Methods Enzymol. Volume 194, pp 182-187, Academic Press, Inc., New York; Ito et al., J. Bacteriology 153:163 (1983); Hinnen et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 75:1920 (1978), all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • The present invention also relates to methods of producing the protein or fragment thereof comprising culturing the recombinant fungal host cells under conditions conducive for expression of the protein or fragment thereof. The fungal cells of the present invention are cultivated in a nutrient medium suitable for production of the protein or fragment thereof using methods known in the art. For example, the cell may be cultivated by shake flask cultivation, small-scale or large-scale fermentation (including continuous, batch, fed-batch, or solid state fermentations) in laboratory or industrial fermentors performed in a suitable medium and under conditions allowing the protein or fragment thereof to be expressed and/or isolated. The cultivation takes place in a suitable nutrient medium comprising carbon and nitrogen sources and inorganic salts, using procedures known in the art (see, e.g., Bennett and LaSure (eds.), More Gene Manipulations in Fungi, Academic Press, CA, (1991), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Suitable media are available from commercial suppliers or may be prepared according to published compositions (e.g., in catalogues of the American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, Va.). If the protein or fragment thereof is secreted into the nutrient medium, a protein or fragment thereof can be recovered directly from the medium. If the protein or fragment thereof is not secreted, it is recovered from cell lysates.
  • The expressed protein or fragment thereof may be detected using methods known in the art that are specific for the particular protein or fragment. These detection methods may include the use of specific antibodies, formation of an enzyme product, or disappearance of an enzyme substrate. For example, if the protein or fragment thereof has enzymatic activity, an enzyme assay may be used. Alternatively, if polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies specific to the protein or fragment thereof are available, immunoassays may be employed using the antibodies to the protein or fragment thereof. The techniques of enzyme assay and immunoassay are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • The resulting protein or fragment thereof may be recovered by methods known in the arts. For example, the protein or fragment thereof may be recovered from the nutrient medium by conventional procedures including, but not limited to, centrifugation, filtration, extraction, spray-drying, evaporation, or precipitation. The recovered protein or fragment thereof may then be further purified by a variety of chromatographic procedures, e.g., ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, affinity chromatography, or the like.
  • (c) Mammalian Constructs and Transformed Mammalian Cells
  • The present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant mammalian host cell, comprising introducing into a mammalian host cell exogenous genetic material. The present invention also relates to a mammalian cell comprising a mammalian recombinant vector. The present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant mammalian host cell, comprising introducing into a mammalian cell exogenous genetic material. In a preferred embodiment the exogenous genetic material includes a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either or other nucleic acid molecule of the present invention.
  • Mammalian cell lines available as hosts for expression are known in the art and include many immortalized cell lines available from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, Va.), such as HeLa cells, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells and a number of other cell lines. Suitable promoters for mammalian cells are also known in the art and include viral promoters such as that from Simian Virus 40 (SV40) (Fiers et al., Nature 273:113 (1978), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV) and bovine papilloma virus (BPV). Mammalian cells may also require terminator sequences and poly-A addition sequences. Enhancer sequences which increase expression may also be included and sequences which promote amplification of the gene may also be desirable (for example methotrexate resistance genes).
  • Vectors suitable for replication in mammalian cells may include viral replicons, or sequences which insure integration of the appropriate sequences encoding HCV epitopes into the host genome. For example, another vector used to express foreign DNA is vaccinia virus. In this case, for example, a nucleic acid molecule encoding a protein or fragment thereof is inserted into the vaccinia genome. Techniques for the insertion of foreign DNA into the vaccinia virus genome are known in the art and may utilize, for example, homologous recombination. Such heterologous DNA is generally inserted into a gene which is non-essential to the virus, for example, the thymidine kinase gene (tk), which also provides a selectable marker. Plasmid vectors that greatly facilitate the construction of recombinant viruses have been described (see, for example, Mackett et al, J. Virol. 49:857 (1984); Chakrabarti et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 5:3403 (1985); Moss, In: Gene Transfer Vectors For Mammalian Cells (Miller and Calos, eds., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, N.Y., p. 10, (1987); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). Expression of the HCV polypeptide then occurs in cells or animals which are infected with the live recombinant vaccinia virus.
  • The sequence to be integrated into the mammalian sequence may be introduced into the primary host by any convenient means, which includes calcium precipitated DNA, spheroplast fusion, transformation, electroporation, biolistics, lipofection, microinjection, or other convenient means. Where an amplifiable gene is being employed, the amplifiable gene may serve as the selection marker for selecting hosts into which the amplifiable gene has been introduced. Alternatively, one may include with the amplifiable gene another marker, such as a drug resistance marker, e.g. neomycin resistance (G418 in mammalian cells), hygromycin in resistance etc., or an auxotrophy marker (HIS3, TRP1, LEU2, URA3, ADE2, LYS2, etc.) for use in yeast cells.
  • Depending upon the nature of the modification and associated targeting construct, various techniques may be employed for identifying targeted integration. Conveniently, the DNA may be digested with one or more restriction enzymes and the fragments probed with an appropriate DNA fragment which will identify the properly sized restriction fragment associated with integration.
  • One may use different promoter sequences, enhancer sequences, or other sequence which will allow for enhanced levels of expression in the expression host. Thus, one may combine an enhancer from one source, a promoter region from another source, a 5′-noncoding region upstream from the initiation methionine from the same or different source as the other sequences and the like. One may provide for an intron in the non-coding region with appropriate splice sites or for an alternative 3′-untranslated sequence or polyadenylation site. Depending upon the particular purpose of the modification, any of these sequences may be introduced, as desired.
  • Where selection is intended, the sequence to be integrated will have with it a marker gene, which allows for selection. The marker gene may conveniently be downstream from the target gene and may include resistance to a cytotoxic agent, e.g. antibiotics, heavy metals, or the like, resistance or susceptibility to HAT, gancyclovir, etc., complementation to an auxotrophic host, particularly by using an auxotrophic yeast as the host for the subject manipulations, or the like. The marker gene may also be on a separate DNA molecule, particularly with primary mammalian cells. Alternatively, one may screen the various transformants, due to the high efficiency of recombination in yeast, by using hybridization analysis, PCR, sequencing, or the like.
  • For homologous recombination, constructs can be prepared where the amplifiable gene will be flanked, normally on both sides with DNA homologous with the DNA of the target region. Depending upon the nature of the integrating DNA and the purpose of the integration, the homologous DNA will generally be within 100 kb, usually 50 kb, preferably about 25 kb, of the transcribed region of the target gene, more preferably within 2 kb of the target gene. Where modeling of the gene is intended, homology will usually be present proximal to the site of the mutation. The homologous DNA may include the 5′-upstream region outside of the transcriptional regulatory region or comprising any enhancer sequences, transcriptional initiation sequences, adjacent sequences, or the like. The homologous region may include a portion of the coding region, where the coding region may be comprised only of an open reading frame or combination of exons and introns. The homologous region may comprise all or a portion of an intron, where all or a portion of one or more exons may also be present. Alternatively, the homologous region may comprise the 3′-region, so as to comprise all or a portion of the transcriptional termination region, or the region 3′ of this region. The homologous regions may extend over all or a portion of the target gene or be outside the target gene comprising all or a portion of the transcriptional regulatory regions and/or the structural gene.
  • The integrating constructs may be prepared in accordance with conventional ways, where sequences may be synthesized, isolated from natural sources, manipulated, cloned, ligated, subjected to in vitro mutagenesis, primer repair, or the like. At various stages, the joined sequences may be cloned and analyzed by restriction analysis, sequencing, or the like. Usually during the preparation of a construct where various fragments are joined, the fragments, intermediate constructs and constructs will be carried on a cloning vector comprising a replication system functional in a prokaryotic host, e.g., E. coli and a marker for selection, e.g., biocide resistance, complementation to an auxotrophic host, etc. Other functional sequences may also be present, such as polylinkers, for ease of introduction and excision of the construct or portions thereof, or the like. A large number of cloning vectors are available such as pBR322, the pUC series, etc. These constructs may then be used for integration into the primary mammalian host.
  • In the case of the primary mammalian host, a replicating vector may be used. Usually, such vector will have a viral replication system, such as SV40, bovine papilloma virus, adenovirus, or the like. The linear DNA sequence vector may also have a selectable marker for identifying transfected cells. Selectable markers include the neo gene, allowing for selection with G418, the herpes tk gene for selection with HAT medium, the gpt gene with mycophenolic acid, complementation of an auxotrophic host, etc.
  • The vector may or may not be capable of stable maintenance in the host. Where the vector is capable of stable maintenance, the cells will be screened for homologous integration of the vector into the genome of the host, where various techniques for curing the cells may be employed. Where the vector is not capable of stable maintenance, for example, where a temperature sensitive replication system is employed, one may change the temperature from the permissive temperature to the non-permissive temperature, so that the cells may be cured of the vector. In this case, only those cells having integration of the construct comprising the amplifiable gene and, when present, the selectable marker, will be able to survive selection.
  • Where a selectable marker is present, one may select for the presence of the targeting construct by means of the selectable marker. Where the selectable marker is not present, one may select for the presence of the construct by the amplifiable gene. For the neo gene or the herpes tk gene, one could employ a medium for growth of the transformants of about 0.1-1 mg/ml of G418 or may use HAT medium, respectively. Where DHFR is the amplifiable gene, the selective medium may include from about 0.01-0.5 μM of methotrexate or be deficient in glycine-hypoxanthine-thymidine and have dialysed serum (GHT media).
  • The DNA can be introduced into the expression host by a variety of techniques that include calcium phosphate/DNA co-precipitates, microinjection of DNA into the nucleus, electroporation, yeast protoplast fusion with intact cells, transfection, polycations, e.g., polybrene, polyornithine, etc., or the like. The DNA may be single or double stranded DNA, linear or circular. The various techniques for transforming mammalian cells are well known (see Keown et al., Methods Enzymol. (1989); Keown et al., Methods Enzymol. 185:527-537 (1990); Mansour et al., Nature 336:348-352, (1988); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • (d) Insect Constructs and Transformed Insect Cells
  • The present invention also relates to an insect recombinant vectors comprising exogenous genetic material. The present invention also relates to an insect cell comprising an insect recombinant vector. The present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant insect host cell, comprising introducing into an insect cell exogenous genetic material. In a preferred embodiment the exogenous genetic material includes a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either or other nucleic acid molecule of the present invention.
  • The insect recombinant vector may be any vector which can be conveniently subjected to recombinant DNA procedures and can bring about the expression of the nucleic acid sequence. The choice of a vector will typically depend on the compatibility of the vector with the insect host cell into which the vector is to be introduced. The vector may be a linear or a closed circular plasmid. The vector system may be a single vector or plasmid or two or more vectors or plasmids which together contain the total DNA to be introduced into the genome of the insect host. In addition, the insect vector may be an expression vector. Nucleic acid molecules can be suitably inserted into a replication vector for expression in the insect cell under a suitable promoter for insect cells. Many vectors are available for this purpose and selection of the appropriate vector will depend mainly on the size of the nucleic acid molecule to be inserted into the vector and the particular host cell to be transformed with the vector. Each vector contains various components depending on its function (amplification of DNA or expression of DNA) and the particular host cell with which it is compatible. The vector components for insect cell transformation generally include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: a signal sequence, origin of replication, one or more marker genes and an inducible promoter.
  • The insect vector may be an autonomously replicating vector, i.e., a vector which exists as an extrachromosomal entity, the replication of which is independent of chromosomal replication, e.g., a plasmid, an extrachromosomal element, a minichromosome, or an artificial chromosome. The vector may contain any means for assuring self-replication. Alternatively, the vector may be one which, when introduced into the insect cell, is integrated into the genome and replicated together with the chromosome(s) into which it has been integrated. For integration, the vector may rely on the nucleic acid sequence of the vector for stable integration of the vector into the genome by homologous or nonhomologous recombination. Alternatively, the vector may contain additional nucleic acid sequences for directing integration by homologous recombination into the genome of the insect host. The additional nucleic acid sequences enable the vector to be integrated into the host cell genome at a precise location(s) in the chromosome(s). To increase the likelihood of integration at a precise location, there should be preferably two nucleic acid sequences which individually contain a sufficient number of nucleic acids, preferably 400 bp to 1500 bp, more preferably 800 bp to 1000 bp, which are highly homologous with the corresponding target sequence to enhance the probability of homologous recombination. These nucleic acid sequences may be any sequence that is homologous with a target sequence in the genome of the insect host cell and, furthermore, may be non-encoding or encoding sequences.
  • Baculovirus expression vectors (BEVs) have become important tools for the expression of foreign genes, both for basic research and for the production of proteins with direct clinical applications in human and veterinary medicine (Doerfler, Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 131:51-68 (1968); Luckow and Summers, Bio/Technology 6:47-55 (1988a); Miller, Annual Review of Microbiol. 42:177-199 (1988); Summers, Curr. Comm. Molecular Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1988); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety). BEVs are recombinant insect viruses in which the coding sequence for a chosen foreign gene has been inserted behind a baculovirus promoter in place of the viral gene, e.g., polyhedrin (Smith and Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 4,745,051, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference).
  • The use of baculovirus vectors relies upon the host cells being derived from Lepidopteran insects such as Spodoptera frugiperda or Trichoplusia ni. The preferred Spodoptera frugiperda cell line is the cell line Sf9. The Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cell line was obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, Va.) and is assigned accession number ATCC CRL 1711 (Summers and Smith, A Manual of Methods for Baculovirus Vectors and Insect Cell Culture Procedures, Texas Ag. Exper. Station Bulletin No. 1555 (1988), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Other insect cell systems, such as the silkworm B. mori may also be used.
  • The proteins expressed by the BEVs are, therefore, synthesized, modified and transported in host cells derived from Lepidopteran insects. Most of the genes that have been inserted and produced in the baculovirus expression vector system have been derived from vertebrate species. Other baculovirus genes in addition to the polyhedrin promoter may be employed to advantage in a baculovirus expression system. These include immediate-early (alpha), delayed-early (β), late (γ), or very late (delta), according to the phase of the viral infection during which they are expressed. The expression of these genes occurs sequentially, probably as the result of a “cascade” mechanism of transcriptional regulation. (Guarino and Summers, J. Virol. 57:563-571 (1986); Guarino and Summers, J. Virol. 61:2091-2099 (1987); Guarino and Summers, Virol. 162:444-451 (1988); all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • Insect recombinant vectors are useful as intermediates for the infection or transformation of insect cell systems. For example, an insect recombinant vector containing a nucleic acid molecule encoding a baculovirus transcriptional promoter followed downstream by an insect signal DNA sequence is capable of directing the secretion of the desired biologically active protein from the insect cell. The vector may utilize a baculovirus transcriptional promoter region derived from any of the over 500 baculoviruses generally infecting insects, such as for example the Orders Lepidoptera, Diptera, Orthoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera, including for example but not limited to the viral DNAs of Autographa californica MNPV, Bombyx mori NPV, Trichoplusia ni MNPV, Rachiplusia ou MNPV or Galleria mellonella MNPV, wherein said baculovirus transcriptional promoter is a baculovirus immediate-early gene IE1 or IEN promoter; an immediate-early gene in combination with a baculovirus delayed-early gene promoter region selected from the group consisting of 39K and a HindIII-k fragment delayed-early gene; or a baculovirus late gene promoter. The immediate-early or delayed-early promoters can be enhanced with transcriptional enhancer elements. The insect signal DNA sequence may code for a signal peptide of a Lepidopteran adipokinetic hormone precursor or a signal peptide of the Manduca sexta adipokinetic hormone precursor (Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 5,155,037; the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Other insect signal DNA sequences include a signal peptide of the Orthoptera Schistocerca gregaria locust adipokinetic hormone precurser and the Drosophila melanogaster cuticle genes CP1, CP2, CP3 or CP4 or for an insect signal peptide having substantially a similar chemical composition and function (Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 5,155,037).
  • Insect cells are distinctly different from animal cells. Insects have a unique life cycle and have distinct cellular properties such as the lack of intracellular plasminogen activators in which are present in vertebrate cells. Another difference is the high expression levels of protein products ranging from 1 to greater than 500 mg/liter and the ease at which cDNA can be cloned into cells (Frasier, In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 25:225 (1989); Summers and Smith, In: A Manual of Methods for Baculovirus Vectors and Insect Cell Culture Procedures, Texas Ag. Exper. Station Bulletin No. 1555 (1988), both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety).
  • Recombinant protein expression in insect cells is achieved by viral infection or stable transformation. For viral infection, the desired gene is cloned into baculovirus at the site of the wild-type polyhedron gene (Webb and Summers, Technique 2:173 (1990); Bishop and Posse, Adv. Gene Technol. 1:55 (1990); both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety). The polyhedron gene is a component of a protein coat in occlusions which encapsulate virus particles. Deletion or insertion in the polyhedron gene results the failure to form occlusion bodies. Occlusion negative viruses are morphologically different from occlusion positive viruses and enable one skilled in the art to identify and purify recombinant viruses.
  • The vectors of present invention preferably contain one or more selectable markers which permit easy selection of transformed cells. A selectable marker is a gene the product of which provides, for example biocide or viral resistance, resistance to heavy metals, prototrophy to auxotrophs and the like. Selection may be accomplished by co-transformation, e.g., as described in WO 91/17243, a nucleic acid sequence of the present invention may be operably linked to a suitable promoter sequence. The promoter sequence is a nucleic acid sequence which is recognized by the insect host cell for expression of the nucleic acid sequence. The promoter sequence contains transcription and translation control sequences which mediate the expression of the protein or fragment thereof. The promoter may be any nucleic acid sequence which shows transcriptional activity in the insect host cell of choice and may be obtained from genes encoding polypeptides either homologous or heterologous to the host cell.
  • For example, a nucleic acid molecule encoding a protein or fragment thereof may also be operably linked to a suitable leader sequence. A leader sequence is a nontranslated region of a mRNA which is important for translation by the fungal host. The leader sequence is operably linked to the 5′ terminus of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof. The leader sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any leader sequence which is functional in the insect host cell of choice may be used in the present invention.
  • A polyadenylation sequence may also be operably linked to the 3′ terminus of the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention. The polyadenylation sequence is a sequence which when transcribed is recognized by the insect host to add polyadenosine residues to transcribed mRNA. The polyadenylation sequence may be native to the nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein or fragment thereof or may be obtained from foreign sources. Any polyadenylation sequence which is functional in the fungal host of choice may be used in the present invention.
  • To avoid the necessity of disrupting the cell to obtain the protein or fragment thereof and to minimize the amount of possible degradation of the expressed polypeptide within the cell, it is preferred that expression of the polypeptide gene gives rise to a product secreted outside the cell. To this end, the protein or fragment thereof of the present invention may be linked to a signal peptide linked to the amino terminus of the protein or fragment thereof. A signal peptide is an amino acid sequence which permits the secretion of the protein or fragment thereof from the insect host into the culture medium. The signal peptide may be native to the protein or fragment thereof of the invention or may be obtained from foreign sources. The 5′ end of the coding sequence of the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention may inherently contain a signal peptide coding region naturally linked in translation reading frame with the segment of the coding region which encodes the secreted protein or fragment thereof.
  • At present, a mode of achieving secretion of a foreign gene product in insect cells is by way of the foreign gene's native signal peptide. Because the foreign genes are usually from non-insect organisms, their signal sequences may be poorly recognized by insect cells and hence, levels of expression may be suboptimal. However, the efficiency of expression of foreign gene products seems to depend primarily on the characteristics of the foreign protein. On average, nuclear localized or non-structural proteins are most highly expressed, secreted proteins are intermediate and integral membrane proteins are the least expressed. One factor generally affecting the efficiency of the production of foreign gene products in a heterologous host system is the presence of native signal sequences (also termed presequences, targeting signals, or leader sequences) associated with the foreign gene. The signal sequence is generally coded by a DNA sequence immediately following (5′ to 3′) the translation start site of the desired foreign gene.
  • The expression dependence on the type of signal sequence associated with a gene product can be represented by the following example: If a foreign gene is inserted at a site downstream from the translational start site of the baculovirus polyhedrin gene so as to produce a fusion protein (containing the N-terminus of the polyhedrin structural gene), the fused gene is highly expressed. But less expression is achieved when a foreign gene is inserted in a baculovirus expression vector immediately following the transcriptional start site and totally replacing the polyhedrin structural gene.
  • Insertions into the region −50 to −1 significantly alter (reduce) steady state transcription which, in turn, reduces translation of the foreign gene product. Use of the pVL941 vector optimizes transcription of foreign genes to the level of the polyhedrin gene transcription. Even though the transcription of a foreign gene may be optimal, optimal translation may vary because of several factors involving processing: signal peptide recognition, mRNA and ribosome binding, glycosylation, disulfide bond formation, sugar processing, oligomerization, for example.
  • The properties of the insect signal peptide are expected to be more optimal for the efficiency of the translation process in insect cells than those from vertebrate proteins. This phenomenon can generally be explained by the fact that proteins secreted from cells are synthesized as precursor molecules containing hydrophobic N-terminal signal peptides. The signal peptides direct transport of the select protein to its target membrane and are then cleaved by a peptidase on the membrane, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, when the protein passes through it.
  • Another exemplary insect signal sequence is the sequence encoding for Drosophila cuticle proteins such as CP1, CP2, CP3 or CP4 (Summers, U.S. Pat. No. 5,278,050; the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Most of a 9 kb region of the Drosophila genome containing genes for the cuticle proteins has been sequenced. Four of the five cuticle genes contains a signal peptide coding sequence interrupted by a short intervening sequence (about 60 base pairs) at a conserved site. Conserved sequences occur in the 5′ mRNA untranslated region, in the adjacent 35 base pairs of upstream flanking sequence and at −200 base pairs from the mRNA start position in each of the cuticle genes.
  • Standard methods of insect cell culture, cotransfection and preparation of plasmids are set forth in Summers and Smith (Summers and Smith, A Manual of Methods for Baculovirus Vectors and Insect Cell Culture Procedures, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No. 1555, Texas A&M University (1987)). Procedures for the cultivation of viruses and cells are described in Volkman and Summers, J. Virol 19:820-832 (1975) and Volkman et al., J. Virol 19:820-832 (1976); both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • (e) Bacterial Constructs and Transformed Bacterial Cells
  • The present invention also relates to a bacterial recombinant vector comprising exogenous genetic material. The present invention also relates to a bacteria cell comprising a bacterial recombinant vector. The present invention also relates to methods for obtaining a recombinant bacteria host cell, comprising introducing into a bacterial host cell exogenous genetic material. In a preferred embodiment the exogenous genetic material includes a nucleic acid molecule of the present invention having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or complements thereof or fragments of either or other nucleic acid molecule of the present invention.
  • The bacterial recombinant vector may be any vector which can be conveniently subjected to recombinant DNA procedures. The choice of a vector will typically depend on the compatibility of the vector with the bacterial host cell into which the vector is to be introduced. The vector may be a linear or a closed circular plasmid. The vector system may be a single vector or plasmid or two or more vectors or plasmids which together contain the total DNA to be introduced into the genome of the bacterial host. In addition, the bacterial vector may be an expression vector. Nucleic acid molecules encoding protein homologues or fragments thereof can, for example, be suitably inserted into a replicable vector for expression in the bacterium under the control of a suitable promoter for bacteria. Many vectors are available for this purpose and selection of the appropriate vector will depend mainly on the size of the nucleic acid to be inserted into the vector and the particular host cell to be transformed with the vector. Each vector contains various components depending on its function (amplification of DNA or expression of DNA) and the particular host cell with which it is compatible. The vector components for bacterial transformation generally include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: a signal sequence, an origin of replication, one or more marker genes and an inducible promoter.
  • In general, plasmid vectors containing replicon and control sequences that are derived from species compatible with the host cell are used in connection with bacterial hosts. The vector ordinarily carries a replication site, as well as marking sequences that are capable of providing phenotypic selection in transformed cells. For example, E. coli is typically transformed using pBR322, a plasmid derived from an E. coli species (see, e.g., Bolivar et al., Gene 2:95 (1977); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). pBR322 contains genes for ampicillin and tetracycline resistance and thus provides easy means for identifying transformed cells. The pBR322 plasmid, or other microbial plasmid or phage, also generally contains, or is modified to contain, promoters that can be used by the microbial organism for expression of the selectable marker genes.
  • Nucleic acid molecules encoding protein or fragments thereof may be expressed not only directly, but also as a fusion with another polypeptide, preferably a signal sequence or other polypeptide having a specific cleavage site at the N-terminus of the mature polypeptide. In general, the signal sequence may be a component of the vector, or it may be a part of the polypeptide DNA that is inserted into the vector. The heterologous signal sequence selected should be one that is recognized and processed (i.e., cleaved by a signal peptidase) by the host cell. For bacterial host cells that do not recognize and process the native polypeptide signal sequence, the signal sequence is substituted by a bacterial signal sequence selected, for example, from the group consisting of the alkaline phosphatase, penicillinase, lpp, or heat-stable enterotoxin II leaders.
  • Both expression and cloning vectors contain a nucleic acid sequence that enables the vector to replicate in one or more selected host cells. Generally, in cloning vectors this sequence is one that enables the vector to replicate independently of the host chromosomal DNA and includes origins of replication or autonomously replicating sequences. Such sequences are well known for a variety of bacteria. The origin of replication from the plasmid pBR322 is suitable for most Gram-negative bacteria.
  • Expression and cloning vectors also generally contain a selection gene, also termed a selectable marker. This gene encodes a protein necessary for the survival or growth of transformed host cells grown in a selective culture medium. Host cells not transformed with the vector containing the selection gene will not survive in the culture medium. Typical selection genes encode proteins that (a) confer resistance to antibiotics or other toxins, e.g., ampicillin, neomycin, methotrexate, or tetracycline, (b) complement auxotrophic deficiencies, or (c) supply critical nutrients not available from complex media, e.g., the gene encoding D-alanine racemase for Bacilli. One example of a selection scheme utilizes a drug to arrest growth of a host cell. Those cells that are successfully transformed with a heterologous protein homologue or fragment thereof produce a protein conferring drug resistance and thus survive the selection regimen.
  • The expression vector for producing a protein or fragment thereof can also contains an inducible promoter that is recognized by the host bacterial organism and is operably linked to the nucleic acid encoding, for example, the nucleic acid molecule encoding the protein homologue or fragment thereof of interest. Inducible promoters suitable for use with bacterial hosts include the β-lactamase and lactose promoter systems (Chang et al., Nature 275:615 (1978); Goeddel et al., Nature 281:544 (1979); both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety), the arabinose promoter system (Guzman et al., J. Bacteriol. 174:7716-7728 (1992); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference), alkaline phosphatase, a tryptophan (trp) promoter system (Goeddel, Nucleic Acids Res. 8:4057 (1980); EP 36,776; both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety) and hybrid promoters such as the tac promoter (deBoer et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 80:21-25 (1983); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). However, other known bacterial inducible promoters are suitable (Siebenlist et al., Cell 20:269 (1980); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • Promoters for use in bacterial systems also generally contain a Shine-Dalgarno (S.D.) sequence operably linked to the DNA encoding the polypeptide of interest. The promoter can be removed from the bacterial source DNA by restriction enzyme digestion and inserted into the vector containing the desired DNA.
  • Construction of suitable vectors containing one or more of the above-listed components employs standard ligation techniques. Isolated plasmids or DNA fragments are cleaved, tailored and re-ligated in the form desired to generate the plasmids required. Examples of available bacterial expression vectors include, but are not limited to, the multifunctional E. coli cloning and expression vectors such as Bluescript™ (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.), in which, for example, encoding an A. nidulans protein homologue or fragment thereof homologue, may be ligated into the vector in frame with sequences for the amino-terminal Met and the subsequent 7 residues of β-galactosidase so that a hybrid protein is produced; pIN vectors (Van Heeke and Schuster, J. Biol. Chem. 264:5503-5509 (1989), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference); and the like. pGEX vectors (Promega, Madison Wis. U.S.A.) may also be used to express foreign polypeptides as fusion proteins with glutathione S-transferase (GST). In general, such fusion proteins are soluble and can easily be purified from lysed cells by adsorption to glutathione-agarose beads followed by elution in the presence of free glutathione. Proteins made in such systems are designed to include heparin, thrombin or factor XA protease cleavage sites so that the cloned polypeptide of interest can be released from the GST moiety at will.
  • Suitable host bacteria for a bacterial vector include archaebacteria and eubacteria, especially eubacteria and most preferably Enterobacteriaceae. Examples of useful bacteria include Escherichia, Enterobacter, Azotobacter, Erwinia, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella, Rhizobia, Vitreoscilla and Paracoccus. Suitable E. coli hosts include E. coli W3110 (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 27,325, Manassas, Va. U.S.A.), E. coli 294 (ATCC 31,446), E. coli B and E. coli X1776 (ATCC 31,537). These examples are illustrative rather than limiting. Mutant cells of any of the above-mentioned bacteria may also be employed. It is, of course, necessary to select the appropriate bacteria taking into consideration replicability of the replicon in the cells of a bacterium. For example, E. coli, Serratia, or Salmonella species can be suitably used as the host when well known plasmids such as pBR322, pBR325, pACYC177, or pKN410 are used to supply the replicon. E. coli strain W3110 is a preferred host or parent host because it is a common host strain for recombinant DNA product fermentations. Preferably, the host cell should secrete minimal amounts of proteolytic enzymes.
  • Host cells are transfected and preferably transformed with the above-described vectors and cultured in conventional nutrient media modified as appropriate for inducing promoters, selecting transformants, or amplifying the genes encoding the desired sequences.
  • Numerous methods of transfection are known to the ordinarily skilled artisan, for example, calcium phosphate and electroporation. Depending on the host cell used, transformation is done using standard techniques appropriate to such cells. The calcium treatment employing calcium chloride, as described in section 1.82 of Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, (1989), is generally used for bacterial cells that contain substantial cell-wall barriers. Another method for transformation employs polyethylene glycol/DMSO, as described in Chung and Miller (Chung and Miller, Nucleic Acids Res. 16:3580 (1988); the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). Yet another method is the use of the technique termed electroporation.
  • Bacterial cells used to produce the polypeptide of interest for purposes of this invention are cultured in suitable media in which the promoters for the nucleic acid encoding the heterologous polypeptide can be artificially induced as described generally, e.g., in Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, (1989). Examples of suitable media are given in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,304,472 and 5,342,763; both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • In addition to the above discussed procedures, practitioners are familiar with the standard resource materials which describe specific conditions and procedures for the construction, manipulation and isolation of macromolecules (e.g., DNA molecules, plasmids, etc.), generation of recombinant organisms and the screening and isolating of clones, (see for example, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Press (1989); Mailga et al., Methods in Plant Molecular Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Press (1995), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference; Birren et al., Genome Analysis: Analyzing DNA, 1, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference).
  • (f) Computer Readable Media
  • The nucleotide sequence provided in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof, or complement thereof, or a nucleotide sequence at least 90% identical, preferably 95%, identical even more preferably 99% or 100% identical to the sequence provided in SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 or fragment thereof, or complement thereof, can be “provided” in a variety of mediums to facilitate use. Such a medium can also provide a subset thereof in a form that allows a skilled artisan to examine the sequences.
  • A preferred subset of nucleotide sequences are those nucleic acid sequences that encode a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either.
  • A further preferred subset of nucleic acid sequences is where the subset of sequences is two proteins or fragments thereof, more preferably three proteins or fragments thereof and even more preferable four transcription factors or fragments thereof, these nucleic acid sequences are selected from the group that comprises a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana HLH transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana leucine zipper transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either, a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana zinc finger transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either and a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a maize, soybean or Arabidopsis thaliana other transcription factor or complement thereof or fragment of either.
  • In one application of this embodiment, a nucleotide sequence of the present invention can be recorded on computer readable media. As used herein, “computer readable media” refers to any medium that can be read and accessed directly by a computer. Such media include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage media, such as floppy discs, hard disc, storage medium and magnetic tape: optical storage media such as CD-ROM; electrical storage media such as RAM and ROM; and hybrids of these categories such as magnetic/optical storage media. A skilled artisan can readily appreciate how any of the presently known computer readable mediums can be used to create a manufacture comprising computer readable medium having recorded thereon a nucleotide sequence of the present invention.
  • As used herein, “recorded” refers to a process for storing information on computer readable medium. A skilled artisan can readily adopt any of the presently known methods for recording information on computer readable medium to generate media comprising the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention. A variety of data storage structures are available to a skilled artisan for creating a computer readable medium having recorded thereon a nucleotide sequence of the present invention. The choice of the data storage structure will generally be based on the means chosen to access the stored information. In addition, a variety of data processor programs and formats can be used to store the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention on computer readable medium. The sequence information can be represented in a word processing text file, formatted in commercially-available software such as WordPerfect and Microsoft Word, or represented in the form of an ASCII file, stored in a database application, such as DB2, Sybase, Oracle, or the like. A skilled artisan can readily adapt any number of data processor structuring formats (e.g. text file or database) in order to obtain computer readable medium having recorded thereon the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention.
  • By providing one or more of nucleotide sequences of the present invention, a skilled artisan can routinely access the sequence information for a variety of purposes. Computer software is publicly available which allows a skilled artisan to access sequence information provided in a computer readable medium. The examples which follow demonstrate how software which implements the BLAST (Altschul et al., J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-410 (1990), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) and BLAZE (Brutlag et al., Comp. Chem. 17:203-207 (1993), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference) search algorithms on a Sybase system can be used to identify open reading frames (ORFs) within the genome that contain homology to ORFs or proteins from other organisms. Such ORFs are protein-encoding fragments within the sequences of the present invention and are useful in producing commercially important proteins such as enzymes used in amino acid biosynthesis, metabolism, transcription, translation, RNA processing, nucleic acid and a protein degradation, protein modification and DNA replication, restriction, modification, recombination and repair.
  • The present invention further provides systems, particularly computer-based systems, which contain the sequence information described herein. Such systems are designed to identify commercially important fragments of the nucleic acid molecule of the present invention. As used herein, “a computer-based system” refers to the hardware means, software means and data storage means used to analyze the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention. The minimum hardware means of the computer-based systems of the present invention comprises a central processing unit (CPU), input means, output means and data storage means. A skilled artisan can readily appreciate that any one of the currently available computer-based system are suitable for use in the present invention.
  • As indicated above, the computer-based systems of the present invention comprise a data storage means having stored therein a nucleotide sequence of the present invention and the necessary hardware means and software means for supporting and implementing a search means. As used herein, “data storage means” refers to memory that can store nucleotide sequence information of the present invention, or a memory access means which can access manufactures having recorded thereon the nucleotide sequence information of the present invention. As used herein, “search means” refers to one or more programs which are implemented on the computer-based system to compare a target sequence or target structural motif with the sequence information stored within the data storage means. Search means are used to identify fragments or regions of the sequence of the present invention that match a particular target sequence or target motif. A variety of known algorithms are disclosed publicly and a variety of commercially available software for conducting search means are available can be used in the computer-based systems of the present invention. Examples of such software include, but are not limited to, MacPattern (EMBL), BLASTIN and BLASTIX (NCBIA). One of the available algorithms or implementing software packages for conducting homology searches can be adapted for use in the present computer-based systems.
  • The most preferred sequence length of a target sequence is from about 10 to 100 amino acids or from about 30 to 300 nucleotide residues. However, it is well recognized that during searches for commercially important fragments of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention, such as sequence fragments involved in gene expression and protein processing, may be of shorter length.
  • As used herein, “a target structural motif,” or “target motif,” refers to any rationally selected sequence or combination of sequences in which the sequences the sequence(s) are chosen based on a three-dimensional configuration which is formed upon the folding of the target motif. There are a variety of target motifs known in the art. Protein target motifs include, but are not limited to, enzymatic active sites and signal sequences. Nucleic acid target motifs include, but are not limited to, promoter sequences, cis elements, hairpin structures and inducible expression elements (protein binding sequences).
  • Thus, the present invention further provides an input means for receiving a target sequence, a data storage means for storing the target sequences of the present invention sequence identified using a search means as described above and an output means for outputting the identified homologous sequences. A variety of structural formats for the input and output means can be used to input and output information in the computer-based systems of the present invention. A preferred format for an output means ranks fragments of the sequence of the present invention by varying degrees of homology to the target sequence or target motif. Such presentation provides a skilled artisan with a ranking of sequences which contain various amounts of the target sequence or target motif and identifies the degree of homology contained in the identified fragment.
  • A variety of comparing means can be used to compare a target sequence or target motif with the data storage means to identify sequence fragments sequence of the present invention. For example, implementing software which implement the BLAST and BLAZE algorithms (Altschul et al., J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-410 (1990)) can be used to identify open frames within the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention. A skilled artisan can readily recognize that any one of the publicly available homology search programs can be used as the search means for the computer-based systems of the present invention.
  • Having now generally described the invention, the same will be more readily understood through reference to the following examples which are provided by way of illustration and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention, unless specified.
    • EXAMPLE 1
  • The MONN01 cDNA library is a normalized library generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage. The older, more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger, more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves. The leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON001 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) immature tassels at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in a greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue from the maize plant is collected at the V6 stage. At that stage the tassel is an immature tassel of about 2-3 cm in length. The tassels are removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON003 library is generated from maize (B73×Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) roots at the V6 developmental stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm in coil into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth, the seedlings are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the Metro 200 growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and approximately 3 times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied approximately three times per week after transplanting at a concentration of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the life time of the plant from transplanting to flowering a total of approximately 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in approximately 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6 leaf development stage. The root system is cut from maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is then immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON004 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73×Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage. The older, more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger, more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves. The leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON005 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73×Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign Ill., U.S.A.) root tissue at the V6 development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage. The root system is cut from the mature maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and the harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON006 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73×Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign Ill., U.S.A.) total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage. The older more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves. The leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON007 cDNA library is generated from the primary root tissue of 5 day old maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept in the dark until germination (one day). After germination, the trays, along with the moist paper, are moved to a greenhouse where the maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles for approximately 5 days. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. The primary root tissue is collected when the seedlings are 5 days old. At this stage, the primary root (radicle) is pushed through the coleorhiza which itself is pushed through the seed coat. The primary root, which is about 2-3 cm long, is cut and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON008 cDNA library is generated from the primary shoot (coleoptile 2-3 cm) of maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings which are approximately 5 days old. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept in the dark until germination (one day). Then the trays containing the seeds are moved to a greenhouse at 15 hr daytime/9 hr nighttime cycles and grown until they are 5 days post germination. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Tissue is collected when the seedlings are 5 days old. At this stage, the primary shoot (coleoptile) is pushed through the seed coat and is about 2-3 cm long. The coleoptile is dissected away from the rest of the seedling, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON009 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) leaves at the 8 leaf stage (V8 plant development stage). Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 8-leaf development stage. The older more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger more adult leaves, which are more apical, are cut at the base of the leaves. The leaves are then pooled and then immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON010 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) root tissue at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the V8 development stage. The root system is cut from this mature maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON011 cDNA library is generated from undeveloped maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) leaf at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage. The second youngest leaf which is at the base of the apical leaf of V6 stage maize plant is cut at the base and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the leaf is crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON012 cDNA library is generated from 2 day post germination maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept in the dark until germination (one day). Then the trays containing the seeds are moved to the greenhouse and grown at 15 hr daytime/9 hr nighttime cycles until 2 days post germination. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Tissue is collected when the seedlings are 2 days old. At the two day stage, the coleorhiza is pushed through the seed coat and the primary root (the radicle) is pierced the coleorhiza but is barely visible. Also, at this two day stage, the coleoptile is just emerging from the seed coat. The 2 days post germination seedlings are then immersed in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until preparation of total RNA.
  • The SATMON013 cDNA library is generated from apical maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) meristem founder at the V4 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Prior to tissue collection, the plant is at the 4 leaf stage. The lead at the apex of the V4 stage maize plant is referred to as the meristem founder. This apical meristem founder is cut, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON014 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) endosperm fourteen days after pollination. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. After the V10 stage, the maize plant ear shoots are ready for fertilization. At this stage, the ear shoots are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergence to withhold the pollen. The ear shoots are pollinated and 14 days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and then the kernels are plucked out of the ears. Each kernel is then dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the aleurone layer is removed. After dissection, the endosperms are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON016 library is a maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) sheath library collected at the V8 developmental stage. Seeds are planted in a depth of approximately 3 cm in solid into 2-3 inch pots containing Metro growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth, they are transplanted into 10″ pots containing the same. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and approximately the times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied approximately three times per week after transplanting, at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the life time of the plant from transplanting to flowering, a total of approximately 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. When the maize plants are at the V8 stage the 5th and 6th leaves from the bottom exhibit fully developed leaf blades. At the base of these leaves, the ligule is differentiated and the leaf blade is joined to the sheath. The sheath is dissected away from the base of the leaf then the sheath is frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON017 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) embryo seventeen days after pollination. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth the seeds are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. After the V10 stage, the ear shoots of maize plant, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergence to withhold the pollen. The ear shoots are fertilized and 21 days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and the kernels are plucked out of the ears. Each kernel is then dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the aleurone layer is removed. After dissection, the embryos are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON019 (Lib3054) cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) culm (stem) at the V8 developmental stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. When the maize plant is at the V8 stage, the 5th and 6th leaves from the bottom have fully developed leaf blades. The region between the nodes of the 5th and the sixth leaves from the bottom is the region of the stem that is collected. The leaves are pulled out and the sheath is also torn away from the stem. This stem tissue is completely free of any leaf and sheath tissue. The stem tissue is then frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON020 cDNA library is from a maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) Hill Type II-Initiated Callus. Petri plates containing approximately 25 ml of Type II initiation media are prepared. This medium contains N6 salts and vitamins, 3% sucrose, 2.3 g/liter proline 0.1 g/liter enzymatic casein hydrolysate, 2 mg/liter 2,4-dichloro phenoxy-acetic acid (2,4, D), 15.3 mg/liter AgNO3 and 0.8% bacto agar and is adjusted to pH 6.0 before autoclaving. At 9-11 days after pollination, an ear with immature embryos measuring approximately 1-2 mm in length is chosen. The husks and silks are removed and then the ear is broken into halves and placed in an autoclaved solution of Clorox/TWEEN 20 sterilizing solution. Then the ear is rinsed with deionized water. Then each embryo is extracted from the kernel. Intact embryos are placed in contact with the medium, scutellar side up). Multiple embryos are plated on each plate and the plates are incubated in the dark at 25° C. Type II calluses are friable, can be subcultured with a spatula, frequently regenerate via somatic embryogenesis and are relatively undifferentiated. As seen in the microscope, the Tape II calluses show color ranging from translucent to light yellow and heterogeneity on with respect to embryoid structure as well as stage of embryoid development. Once Type II callus are formed, the calluses is transferred to type II callus maintenance medium without AgNO3. Every 7-10 days, the callus is subcultured. About 4 weeks after embryo isolation the callus is removed from the plates and then frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON021 cDNA library is generated from the immature maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb Ill., U.S.A.) tassel at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. As the maize plant enters the V8 stage, tassels which are 15-20 cm in length are collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON022 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) ear (growing silks) at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Zea mays plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the plant is in the V8 stage. At this stage, some immature ear shoots are visible. The immature ear shoots (approximately 1 cm in length) are pulled out, frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON23 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) ear (growing silk) at the V8 development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. When the tissue is harvested at the V8 stage, the length of the ear that is harvested is about 10-15 cm and the silks are just exposed (approximately 1 inch). The ear along with the silks is frozen in liquid nitrogen and then the tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON024 cDNA library is generated from the immature maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) tassel at the V9 development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. As a maize plant enters the V9 stage, the tassel is rapidly developing and a 37 cm tassel along with the glume, anthers and pollen is collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON025 cDNA library is from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) Hill Type II-Regenerated Callus. Type II callus is grown in initiation media as described for SATMON020 and then the embryoids on the surface of the Type II callus are allowed to mature and germinate. The 1-2 gm fresh weight of the soft friable type callus containing numerous embryoids are transferred to 100×15 mm petri plates containing 25 ml of regeneration media. Regeneration media consists of Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal salts, modified White's vitamins (0.2 g/liter glycine and 0.5 g/liter myo-inositol and 0.8% bacto agar (6SMSOD)). The plates are then placed in the dark after covering with parafilm. After 1 week, the plates are moved to a lighted growth chamber with 16 hr light and 8 hr dark photoperiod. Three weeks after plating the Type II callus to 6SMSOD, the callus exhibit shoot formation. The callus and the shoots are transferred to fresh 6SMSOD plates for another 2 weeks. The callus and the shoots are then transferred to petri plates with reduced sucrose (3SMSOD). Upon distinct formation of a root and shoot, the newly developed green plants are then removed out with a spatula and frozen in liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON026 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) juvenile/adult shift leaves at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plants are at the 8-leaf development stage. Leaves are founded sequentially around the meristem over weeks of time and the older, more juvenile leaves arise earlier and in a more basal position than the younger, more adult leaves, which are in a more apical position. In a V8 plant, some leaves which are in the middle portion of the plant exhibit characteristics of both juvenile as well as adult leaves. They exhibit a yellowing color but also exhibit, in part, a green color. These leaves are termed juvenile/adult shift leaves. The juvenile/adult shift leaves (the 4th, 5th leaves from the bottom) are cut at the base, pooled and transferred to liquid nitrogen in which they are then crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON027 cDNA library is generated from 6 day maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) leaves. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the Metro 200 growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Zea mays plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Prior to tissue collection, when the plant is at the 8-leaf stage, water is held back for six days. The older, more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger, more adult leaves, which are more apical, are all cut at the base of the leaves. All the leaves exhibit significant wilting. The leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are then crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON028 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) roots at the V8 developmental stage that are subject to six days water stress. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the Metro 200 growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Prior to tissue collection, when the plant is at the 8-leaf stage, water is held back for six days. The root system is cut, shaken and washed to remove soil. Root tissue is then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are then crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON029 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings at the etiolated stage. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept in the dark for 4 days at approximately 70° F. Tissue is collected when the seedlings are 4 days old. By 4 days, the primary root has penetrated the coleorhiza and is about 4-5 cm and the secondary lateral roots have also made their appearance. The coleoptile has also pushed through the seed coat and is about 4-5 cm long. The seedlings are frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON030 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) root tissue at the V4 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth, they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and approximately 3 times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied approximately three times per week after transplanting, at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the life time of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of approximately 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 4 leaf development stage. The root system is cut from the mature maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is then immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON031 cDNA library is generated from the maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) leaf tissue at the V4 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 4-leaf development stage. The third leaf from the bottom is cut at the base and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON033 cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) embryo tissue 13 days after pollination. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. After the V10 stage, the ear shoots of the maize plant, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergent to withhold the pollen. The ear shoots are pollinated and 13 days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and then the kernels are plucked cut of the ears. Each kernel is then dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the aleurone layer is removed. After dissection, the embryos are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON034 cDNA library is generated from cold stressed maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) seedlings. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered tray that is kept on at 10° C. for 7 days. After 7 days, the temperature is shifted to 15° C. for one day until germination of the seed. Tissue is collected once the seedlings are 1 day old. At this point, the coleorhiza has just pushed out of the seed coat and the primary root is just making its appearance. The coleoptile has not yet pushed completely through the seed coat and is also just making its appearance. These 1 day old cold stressed seedlings are frozen in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMON˜001 (Lib36, Lib83, Lib84) cDNA library is generated from maize leaves at the V8 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in a greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue from the maize plant is collected at the V8 stage. The older more juvenile leaves in a basal position was well as the younger more adult leaves which are more apical are all cut at the base, pooled and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SATMONN01 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) normalized immature tassels at the V6 plant development stage normalized tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in a greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue from the maize plant is collected at the V6 stage. At that stage the tassel is an immature tassel of about 2-3 cm in length. The tassels are removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • The SATMONN04 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73×Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign, Ill. U.S.A.) normalized total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage. The older, more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger, more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves. The leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • The SATMONN05 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73×Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign Ill., U.S.A.) normalized root tissue at the V6 development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage. The root system is cut from the mature maize plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and the harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. The single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • The SATMONN06 cDNA library is generated from maize (B73×Mo17, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Champaign Ill., U.S.A.) normalized total leaf tissue at the V6 plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 6-leaf development stage. The older more juvenile leaves, which are in a basal position, as well as the younger more adult leaves, which are more apical are cut at the base of the leaves. The leaves are then pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers in which the pooled leaves are crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • The CMZ029 (SATMON036) cDNA library is generated from maize (DK604, Dekalb Genetics, Dekalb, Ill. U.S.A.) endosperm 22 days after pollination. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the green house in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. After the V10 stage, the ear shoots of the maize plant, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergent to withhold the pollen. The ear shoots are pollinated and 22 days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and then the kernels are plucked out of the ears. Each kernel is then dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the alurone layer is removed. After dissection, the endosperms are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz030 (Lib143) cDNA library is generated from maize seedling tissue two days post germination. Seeds are planted on a moist filter paper on a covered try that is keep in the dark until germination. The trays are then moved to the bench top at 15 hr daytime/9 hr nighttime cycles for 2 days post-germination. The day time temperature is 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is 70° F. Tissue is collected when the seedlings are 2 days old. At this stage, the colehrhiza has pushed through the seed coat and the primary root (the radicle) is just piercing the colehrhiza and is barely visible. The seedlings are placed at 42° C. for 1 hour. Following the heat shock treatment, the seedlings are immersed in liquid nitrogen and crushed. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz031 (Lib148) cDNA library is generated from maize pollen tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants. The ear shoots, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag to withhold pollen. Twenty-one days after pollination, prior to removing the ears, the paper bag is shaken to collect the mature pollen. The mature pollen is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen containers and the pollen is crushed. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz033 (Lib189) cDNA library is generated from maize pooled leaf tissue. Samples are harvested from open pollinated plants. Tissue is collected from maize leaves at the anthesis stage. The leaves are collect from 10-12 plants and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz034 (Lib3060) cDNA library is generated from maize mature tissue at 40 days post pollination plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from leaves located two leaves below the ear leaf. This sample represents those genes expressed during onset and early stages of leaf senescence. The leaves are pooled and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz035 (Lib3061) cDNA library is generated from maize endosperm tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants. The ear shoots, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag prior to silk emergence to withhold pollen. Thirty-two days after pollination, the ears are pulled out and the kernels are removed from the cob. Each kernel is dissected into the embryo and the endosperm and the aleurone layer is removed. After dissection, the endosperms are immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz036 (Lib3062) cDNA library is generated from maize husk tissue at the 8 week old plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from 8 week old plants. The husk is separated from the ear and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz037 (Lib3059) cDNA library is generated from maize pooled kernal at 12-15 days after pollienation plant development stage. Sample were collected from field grown material. Whole kernals from hand pollinated (control pollination) are harvested as whole ears and immediately frozen on dry ice. Kernels from 10-12 ears were pooled and ground together in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz039 (Lib3066) cDNA library is generated from maize immature anther tissue at the 7 week old immature tassel stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 7 week old immature tassel stage. At this stage, prior to anthesis, the immature anthers are green and enclosed in the staminate spikelet. The developing anthers are dissected away from the 7 week old immature tassel and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz040 (Lib3067) cDNA library is generated from maize kernel tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants. The ear shoots, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag before silk emergence to withhold pollen. Five to eight days after controlled pollination. The ears are pulled and the kernels removed. The kernels are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested kernels tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. This sample represents gene expressed in early kernel development, during periods of cell division, amyloplast biogenesis and early carbon flow across the material to filial tissue.
  • The CMz041 (Lib3068) cDNA library is generated from maize pollen germinating silk tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants when the ear shoots are ready for fertilization at the silk emergence stage. The emerging silks are pollinated with an excess of pollen under controlled pollination conditions in the green house. Eighteen hours after pollination the silks are removed from the ears and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen containers. This sample represents genes expressed in both pollen and silk tissue early in pollination. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz042 (Lib3069) cDNA library is generated from maize ear tissue excessively pollinated at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from V10+ stage plants and the ear shoots which are ready for fertilization are at the silk emergence stage. The immature ears are pollinated with an excess of pollen under controlled pollination conditions. Eighteen hours post-pollination, the ears are removed and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz044 (Lib3075) cDNA library is generated from maize microspore tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from immature anthers from 7 week old tassels. The immature anthers are first dissected from the 7 week old tassel with a scalpel on a glass slide covered with water. The microspores (immature pollen) are released into the water and are recovered by centrifugation. The microspore suspension is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz045 (Lib3076) cDNA library is generated from maize immature ear megaspore tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from immature ear (megaspore) obtained from 7 week old plants. The immature ears are harvested from the 7 week old plants and are approximately 2.5 to 3 cm in length. The kernels are removed from the cob immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz047 (Lib3078) cDNA library is generated from maize CO2 treated high-exposure shoot tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. RX601 maize seeds are sterilized for minute with a 10% clorox solution. The seeds are rolled in germination paper, and germinated in 0.5 mM calcium sulfate solution for two days are 30° C. The seedlings are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium at a rate of 2-3 seedlings per pot. Twenty pots are placed into a high CO2 environment (approximately 1000 ppm CO2). Twenty plants were grown under ambient greenhouse CO2 (approximately 450 ppm CO2). Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 20-20-20 fertilizer is also lightly applied. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. At ten days post planting, the shoots from both atmosphere are frozen in liquid nitrogen and lightly ground. The roots are washed in deionized water to remove the support media and the tissue is immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz048 (Lib3079) cDNA library is generated from maize basal endosperm transfer layer tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected from V10+ maize plants. The ear shoots, which are ready for fertilization, are enclosed in a paper bag prior to silk emergence, to withhold the pollen. Kernels are harvested at 12 days post-pollination and placed on wet ice for dissection. The kernels are cross sectioned laterally, dissecting just above the pedicel region, including 1-2 mm of the lower endosperm and the basal endosperm transfer region. The pedicel and lower endosperm region containing the basal endosperm transfer layer is pooled and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz049(Lib3088) cDNA library is generated from maize immature anther tissue at the 7 week old immature tassel stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is at the 7 week old immature tassel stage. At this stage, prior to anthesis, the immature anthers are green and enclosed in the staminate spikelet. The developing anthers are dissected away from the 7 week old immature tassel and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen container. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The CMz050 (Lib3114) cDNA library is generated from maize silk tissue at the V10+ plant development stage. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 3 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metro 200 growing medium. After 2-3 weeks growth they are transplanted into 10 inch pots containing the same growing medium. Plants are watered daily before transplantation and three times a week after transplantation. Peters 15-16-17 fertilizer is applied three times per week after transplanting at a strength of 150 ppm N. Two to three times during the lifetime of the plant, from transplanting to flowering, a total of 900 mg Fe is added to each pot. Maize plants are grown in the greenhouse in 15 hr day/9 hr night cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 80° F. and the nighttime temperature is approximately 70° F. Supplemental lighting is provided by 1000 W sodium vapor lamps. Tissue is collected when the maize plant is beyond the 10-leaf development stage and the ear shoots are approximately 15-20 cm in length. The ears are pulled and silks are separated from the ears and immediately transferred to liquid nitrogen containers. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON001 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) total leaf tissue at the V4 plant development stage. Leaf tissue from 38, field grown V4 stage plants is harvested from the 4th node. Leaf tissue is removed from the plants and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON002 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root tissue at the V4 plant development stage. Root tissue from 76, field grown V4 stage plants is harvested. The root systems is cut from the soybean plant and washed with water to free it from the soil and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON003 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling hypocotyl axis tissue harvested 2 day post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. Trays are placed in an environmental chamber and grown at 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Tissue is collected 2 days after the start of imbibition. The 2 days after imbibition samples are separated into 3 collections after removal of any adhering seed coat. At the 2 day stage, the hypocotyl axis is emerging from the soil. A few seedlings have cracked the soil surface and exhibited slight greening of the exposed cotyledons. The seedlings are washed in water to remove soil, hypocotyl axis harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON004 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling cotyledon tissue harvested 2 day post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. Trays are placed in an environmental chamber and grown at 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Tissue is collected 2 days after the start of imbibition. The 2 days after imbibition samples are separated into 3 collections after removal of any adhering seed coat. At the 2 day stage, the hypocotyl axis is emerging from the soil. A few seedlings have cracked the soil surface and exhibited slight greening of the exposed cotyledons. The seedlings are washed in water to remove soil, hypocotyl axis harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON005 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling hypocotyl axis tissue harvested 6 hour post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. Trays are placed in an environmental chamber and grown at 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Tissue is collected 6 hours after the start of imbibition. The 6 hours after imbibition samples are separated into 3 collections after removal of any adhering seed coat. The 6 hours after imbibition sample is collected over the course of approximately 2 hours starting at 6 hours post imbibition. At the 6 hours after imbibition stage, not all cotyledons have become fully hydrated and germination, or radicle protrusion, has not occurred. The seedlings are washed in water to remove soil, hypocotyl axis harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON006 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling cotyledons tissue harvest 6 hour post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. Trays are placed in an environmental chamber and grown at 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Tissue is collected 6 hours after imbibition. The 6 hours after imbibition samples are separated into 3 collections after removal of any adhering seed coat. The 6 hours after imbibition sample is collected over the course of approximately 2 hours starting at 6 hours post-imbibition. At the 6 hours after imbibition, not all cotyledons have become fully hydrated and germination or radicle protrusion, have not occurred. The seedlings are washed in water to remove soil, cotyledon harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON007 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 25 and 35 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 25 and 35 days after flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 4.4 g and 19.3 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON008 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) leaf tissue harvested from 25 and 35 days post-flowering plants. Total leaf tissue is harvested from field grown plants. Approximately 19 g and 29 g of leaves are harvested from the fourth node of the plant 25 and 35 days post-flowering and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON009 cDNA library is generated from soybean cutlivar C1944 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) pod and seed tissue harvested 15 days post-flowering. Pods from field grown plants are harvested 15 days post-flowering. Approximately 3 g of pod tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON010 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar C1944 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 40 days post-flowering. Pods from field grown plants are harvested 40 days post-flowering. Pods and seeds are separated, approximately 19 g of seed tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON011 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil) (tropical germ plasma) leaf tissue. Leaves are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 30 g of leaves are harvested from the 4th node of each of the Cristalina and FT108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON012 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) leaf tissue. Leaves from field grown plants are harvested from the fourth node 15 days post-flowering. Approximately 12 g of leaves are harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON013 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root and nodule tissue. Approximately, 28 g of root tissue from field grown plants is harvested 15 days post-flowering. The root system is cut from the soybean plant, washed with water to free it from the soil and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON014 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 25 and 35 days after flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 15 days after flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 5 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON015 cDNA is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 45 and 55 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 45 and 55 days after flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 19 g and 31 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON016 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root tissue. Approximately, 61 g and 38 g of root tissue from field grown plants is harvested 25 and 35 days post-flowering is harvested. The root system is cut from the soybean plant and washed with water to free it from the soil. The tissue is placed in 14 ml polystyrene tubes and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON017 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root tissue. Approximately 28 g of root tissue from field grown plants is harvested 45 and 55 days post-flowering. The root system is cut from the soybean plant, washed with water to free it from the soil and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON018 cDNA is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) leaf tissue harvested 45 and 55 days post-flowering. Leaves from field grown plants are harvested 45 and 55 days after flowering from the fourth node. Approximately 27 g and 33 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON019 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil) (tropical germ plasma) root tissue. Roots are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 50 g and 56 g of roots are harvested from each of the Cristalina and FT108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON020 cDNA is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 65 and 75 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 45 and 55 days after flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 14 g and 31 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON021 cDNA library is generated from Soybean Cyst Nematode-resistant soybean cultivar Hartwig (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) root tissue. Plants are grown in tissue culture at room temperature. At approximately 6 weeks post-germination, the plants are exposed to sterilized Soybean Cyst Nematode eggs. Infection is then allowed to progress for 10 days. After the 10 day infection process, the tissue is harvested. Agar from the culture medium and nematodes are removed and the root tissue is immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON022 (Lib3030) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) partially opened flower tissue. Partially to fully opened flower tissue is harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. A total of 3 g of flower tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON023 cDNA library is generated from soybean genotype BW211S Null (Tohoku University, Morioka, Japan) seed tissue harvested 15 and 40 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 15 and 40 days post-flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 0.7 g and 14.2 g of seeds are harvested from the respective seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON024 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) internode-2 tissue harvested 18 days post-imbibition. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium. The plants are grown in a greenhouse for 18 days after the start of imbibition at ambient temperature. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Stem tissue is harvested 18 days after the start of imbibition. The samples are divided into hypocotyl and internodes 1 through 5. The fifth internode contains some leaf bud material. Approximately 3 g of each sample is harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON025 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) leaf tissue harvested 65 days post-flowering. Leaves are harvested from the fourth node of field grown plants 65 days post-flowering. Approximately 18.4 g of leaf tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • SOYMON026 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) root tissue harvested 65 and 75 days post-flowering. Approximately 27 g and 40 g of root tissue from field grown plants is harvested 65 and 75 days post-flowering. The root system is cut from the soybean plant, washed with water to free it from the soil and immediately frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON027 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed tissue harvested 25 days post-flowering. Seed pods from field grown plants are harvested 25 days post-flowering and the seeds extracted from the pods. Approximately 17 g of seeds are harvested from the seed pods and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON028 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought-stressed root tissue. The plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of development, water is withheld from half of the plant collection (drought stressed population). After 3 days, half of the plants from the drought stressed condition and half of the plants from the control population are harvested. After another 3 days (6 days post drought induction) the remaining plants are harvested. A total of 27 g and 40 g of root tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON029 cDNA library is generated from Soybean Cyst Nematode-resistant soybean cultivar P107354 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) root tissue. Late fall to early winter greenhouse grown plants are exposed to Soybean Cyst Nematode eggs. At 10 days post-infection, the plants are uprooted, rinsed briefly and the roots frozen in liquid nitrogen. Approximately 20 grams of root tissue is harvested from the infected plants. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON030 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) flower bud tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Flower buds are removed from the plant at the pedicel. A total of 100 mg of flower buds are harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON031 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) carpel and stamen tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Flower buds are removed from the plant at the pedicel. Flowers are dissected to separate petals, sepals and reproductive structures (carpels and stamens). A total of 300 mg of carpel and stamen tissue are harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON032 cDNA library is prepared from the Asgrow cultivar A4922 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) rehydrated dry soybean seed meristem tissue. Surface sterilized seeds are germinated in liquid media for 24 hours. The seed axis is then excised from the barely germinating seed, placed on tissue culture media and incubated overnight at 20° C. in the dark. The supportive tissue is removed from the explant prior to harvest. Approximately 570 mg of tissue is harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON033 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) heat-shocked seedling tissue without cotyledons. Seeds are imbibed and germinated in vermiculite for 2 days under constant illumination. After 48 hours, the seedlings are transferred to an incubator set at 40° C. under constant illumination. After 30, 60 and 180 minutes seedlings are harvested and dissected. A portion of the seedling consisting of the root, hypocotyl and apical hook is frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C. The seedlings after 2 days of imbibition are beginning to emerge from the vermiculite surface. The apical hooks are dark green in appearance. Total RNA and poly A+ RNA is prepared from equal amounts of pooled tissue.
  • The SOYMON034 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) cold-shocked seedling tissue without cotyledons. Seeds are imbibed and germinated in vermiculite for 2 days under constant illumination. After 48 hours, the seedlings are transferred to a cold room set at 5° C. under constant illumination. After 30, 60 and 180 minutes seedlings are harvested and dissected. A portion of the seedling consisting of the root, hypocotyl and apical hook is frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C. The seedlings after 2 days of imbibition are beginning to emerge from the vermiculite surface. The apical hooks are dark green in appearance.
  • The SOYMON035 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seed coat tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Seeds are harvested from mid to nearly full maturation (seed coats are not yellowing). The entire embryo proper is removed from the seed coat sample and the seed coat tissue are harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON036 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars PI171451, P1227687 and P1229358 (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) insect challenged leaves. Plants from each of the three cultivars are grown in screenhouse conditions. The screenhouse is divided in half and one half of the screenhouse is infested with soybean looper and the other half infested with velvetbean caterpillar. A single leaf is taken from each of the representative plants at 3 different time points, 11 days after infestation, 2 weeks after infestation and 5 weeks after infestation and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. Total RNA and poly A+ RNA is isolated from pooled tissue consisting of equal quantities of all 18 samples (3 genotypes X 3 sample times X 2 insect genotypes).
  • The SOYMON037 cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar A3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) etiolated axis and radical tissue. Seeds are planted in moist vermiculite, wrapped and kept at room temperature in complete darkness until harvest. Etiolated axis and hypocotyl tissue is harvested at 2, 3 and 4 days post-planting. A total of 1 gram of each tissue type is harvested at 2, 3 and 4 days after planting and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The SOYMON038 cDNA library is generated from soybean variety Asgrow A3237 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) rehydrated dry seeds. Explants are prepared for transformation after germination of surface-sterilized seeds on solid tissue media. After 6 days, at 28° C. and 18 hours of light per day, the germinated seeds are cold shocked at 4° C. for 24 hours. Meristemic tissue and part of the hypocotyl is remove and cotyledon excised. The prepared explant is then wounded for Agrobacterium infection. The 2 grams of harvested tissue is frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The Soy51 (LIB3027) cDNA library is prepared from equal amounts tissue harvested from SOYMON007, SOYMON015 and SOYMON020 prepared tissue. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • The Soy52 (LIB3028) cDNA library is generated from normalized flower DNA. Single stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units of SOYMON022 harvested tissue is used as the starting material for normalization. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • The Soy53 (LIB3039) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) seedling shoot apical meristem tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Apical tissue is harvested from seedling shoot meristem tissue, 7-8 days after the start of imbibition. The apex of each seedling is dissected to include the fifth node to the apical meristem. The fifth node corresponds to the third trifoliate leaf in the very early stages of development. Stipules completely envelop the leaf primordia at this time. A total of 200 mg of apical tissue is harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The Soy54 (LIB3040) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) heart to torpedo stage embryo tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Seeds are collected and embryos removed from surrounding endosperm and maternal tissues. Embryos from globular to young torpedo stages (by corresponding analogy to Arabidopsis) are collected with a bias towards the middle of this spectrum. Embryos which are beginning to show asymmetric development of cotyledons are considered the upper developmental boundary for the collection and are excluded. A total of 12 mg embryo tissue is frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy55 (LIB3049) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) young seed tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Seeds are collected from very young pods (5 to 15 days after flowering). A total of 100 mg of seeds are harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy56 (LIB3029) cDNA library is prepared from equal amounts tissue harvested from SOYMON007, SOYMON015 and SOYMON020 prepared tissue. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are not converted to double stranded form and represent a non-normalized seed pool for comparison to Soy51 cDNA libraries.
  • TheSoy58 (LIB3050) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought stressed root tissue subtracted from control root tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of the plant drought is induced by withholding water. After 3 and 6 days root tissue from both drought stressed and control (watered regularly) plants are collected and frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. For subtraction, target cDNA is made from the drought stressed tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT. The target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 μl 2×SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.).
  • The Soy59 (LIB3051) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) endosperm tissue. Seeds are germinated on paper towels under laboratory ambient light conditions. At 8, 10 and 14 hours after imbibition, the seed coats are harvested. The endosperm consists of a very thin layer of tissue affixed to the inside of the seed coat. The seed coat and endosperm are frozen immediately after harvest in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The Soy60 (LIB3072) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought stressed seed plus pod subtracted from control seed plus pod tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 26° C. and the nighttime temperature 21° C. and 70% relative humidity. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of the plant drought is induced by withholding water. After 3 and 6 days seeds and pods from both drought stressed and control (watered regularly) plants are collected from the fifth and sixth node and frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. For subtraction, target cDNA is made from the drought stressed tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT. The target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 μl 2×SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.).
  • The Soy61 (LIB3073) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) jasmonic acid treated seedling subtracted from control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in a greenhouse. The daytime temperature is approximately 29.4° C. and the nighttime temperature 20° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At 9 days post planting, the plantlets are sprayed with either control buffer of 0.1% Tween-20 or jasmonic acid (Sigma J-2500, Sigma, St. Louis, Mo. U.S.A.) at 1 mg/ml in 0.1% Tween-20. Plants are sprayed until runoff and the soil and the stem is socked with the spraying solution. At 18 hours post application of jasmonic acid, the soybean plantlets appear growth retarded. After 18 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours post treatment, the cotyledons are removed and the remaining leaf and stem tissue above the soil is harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. To make RNA, the three sample timepoints were combined and ground. For subtraction, target cDNA is made from the jasmonic acid treated tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT. The target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 μl 2×SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.). For this library's construction, the eighth fraction of the cDNA size fractionation step was used for ligation.
  • The Soy62 (LIB3074) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) jasmonic acid treated seedling subtracted from control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in a greenhouse. The daytime temperature is approximately 29.4° C. and the nighttime temperature 20° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At 9 days post planting, the plantlets are sprayed with either control buffer of 0.1% Tween-20 or jasmonic acid (Sigma J-2500, Sigma, St. Louis, Mo. U.S.A.) at 1 mg/ml in 0.1% Tween-20. Plants are sprayed until runoff and the soil and the stem is socked with the spraying solution. At 18 hours post application of jasmonic acid, the soybean plantlets appear growth retarded. After 18 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours post treatment, the cotyledons are removed and the remaining leaf and stem tissue above the soil is harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. To make RNA, the three sample timepoints were combined and ground. For subtraction, target cDNA is made from the jasmonic acid treated tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT. The target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 μl 2×SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.). For this library's construction, the ninth fraction of the cDNA size fractionation step was used for ligation.
  • The Soy65 (LIB3107) 07cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought-stressed abscission zone tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Plants are irrigated with 15-16-17 Peter's Mix. At the R3 stage of development, drought is imposed by withholding water. At 3, 4, 5 and 6 days, tissue is harvested and wilting is not obvious until the fourth day. Abscission layers from reproductive organs are harvested by cutting less than one millimeter proximal and distal to the layer and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The Soy66 (LIB3109) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) non-drought stressed abscission zone tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Plants are irrigated with 15-16-17 Peter's Mix. At 3, 4, 5 and 6 days, control abscission layer tissue is harvested. Abscission layers from reproductive organs are harvested by cutting less than one millimeter proximal and distal to the layer and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy67 (LIB3065) cDNA library is prepared from equal amounts tissue harvested from SOYMON007, SOYMON015 and SOYMON020 prepared tissue. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. Captured hybrids are eluted with water.
  • Soy68 (LIB3052) cDNA library is prepared from equal amounts tissue harvested from SOYMON007, SOYMON015 and SOYMON020 prepared tissue. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. Captured hybrids are eluted with water.
  • Soy69 (LIB3053) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil) (tropical germ plasma) normalized leaf tissue. Leaves are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 30 g of leaves are harvested from the 4th node of each of the Cristalina and FT 108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. Single stranded and double stranded DNA representing approximately 1×106 colony forming units are isolated using standard protocols. RNA, complementary to the single stranded DNA, is synthesized using the double stranded DNA as a template. Biotinylated dATP is incorporated into the RNA during the synthesis reaction. The single stranded DNA is mixed with the biotinylated RNA in a 1:10 molar ratio) and allowed to hybridize. DNA-RNA hybrids are captured on Dynabeads M280 streptavidin (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The dynabeads with captured hybrids are collected with a magnet. The non-hybridized single stranded molecules remaining after hybrid capture are converted to double stranded form and represent the primary normalized library.
  • Soy70 (LIB3055) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, Ill. U.S.A.) and FT108 (Monsoy, Brazil) (tropical germ plasma) leaf tissue. Leaves are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 30 g of leaves are harvested from the 4th node of each of the Cristalina and FT108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy71 (LIB3056) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivars Cristalina and FT108 (tropical germ plasma) root tissue. Roots are harvested from plants grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 29° C. and the nighttime temperature approximately 24° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. Approximately 50 g and 56 g of roots are harvested from each of the Cristalina and FT108 cultivars and immediately frozen in dry ice. The harvested tissue is then stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • Soy72 (LIB3093) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought stressed leaf control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 26° C. and the nighttime temperature 21° C. and 70% relative humidity. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of the plant drought is induced by withholding water. After 3 and 6 days seeds and pods from both drought stressed and control (watered regularly) plants are collected from the fifth and sixth node and frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. For subtraction, target cDNA is made from the drought stressed tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT. The target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 μl 2×SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Soy73 (LIB3093) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) drought stressed leaf subtracted from control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in an environmental chamber under 12 hr daytime/12 hr nighttime cycles. The daytime temperature is approximately 26° C. and the nighttime temperature 21° C. and 70% relative humidity. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At the R3 stage of the plant drought is induced by withholding water. After 3 and 6 days seeds and pods from both drought stressed and control (watered regularly) plants are collected from the fifth and sixth node and frozen in dry-ice. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. For subtraction, target cDNA is made from the drought stressed tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT. The target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 μl 2×SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.).
  • The Soy76 (Lib3106) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) jasmonic acid and arachidonic treated seedling subtracted from control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in a greenhouse. The daytime temperature is approximately 29.4° C. and the nighttime temperature 20° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At 9 days post planting, the plantlets are sprayed with either control buffer of 0.1% Tween-20 or jasmonic acid (Sigma J-2500, Sigma, St. Louis, Mo. U.S.A.) at 1 mg/ml in 0.1% Tween-20. Plants are sprayed until runoff and the soil and the stem is socked with the spraying solution. At 18 hours post application of jasmonic acid, the soybean plantlets appear growth retarded. Arachidonic treated seedlings are sprayed with 1 m/ml arachidonic acid in 0.1% Tween-20. After 18 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours post treatment, the cotyledons are removed and the remaining leaf and stem tissue above the soil is harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. To make RNA, the three sample timepoints were combined and ground. The RNA from the arachidonic treated seedlings is isolated separately. For subtraction, target cDNA is made from the jasmonic acid treated tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT. The target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 μl 2×SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.). Fraction 10 of the size fractionated cDNA is ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.) in order to capture some of the smaller transcripts characteristic of antifungal proteins.
  • Soy77 (LIB3108) cDNA library is generated from soybean cultivar Asgrow 3244 (Asgrow Seed Company, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A.) jasmonic acid control tissue. Seeds are planted at a depth of approximately 2 cm into 2-3 inch peat pots containing Metromix 350 medium and the plants are grown in a greenhouse. The daytime temperature is approximately 29.4° C. and the nighttime temperature 20° C. Soil is checked and watered daily to maintain even moisture conditions. At 9 days post planting, the plantlets are sprayed with either control buffer of 0.1% Tween-20 or jasmonic acid (Sigma J-2500, Sigma, St. Louis, Mo. U.S.A.) at 1 mg/ml in 0.1% Tween-20. Plants are sprayed until runoff and the soil and the stem is socked with the spraying solution. At 18 hours post application of jasmonic acid, the soybean plantlets appear growth retarded. Arachidonic treated seedlings are sprayed with 1 m/ml arachidonic acid in 0.1% Tween-20. After 18 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours post treatment, the cotyledons are removed and the remaining leaf and stem tissue above the soil is harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. To make RNA, the three sample timepoints were combined and ground. The RNA from the arachidonic treated seedlings is isolated separately. For subtraction, target cDNA is made from the jasmonic acid treated tissue total RNA using the SMART cDNA synthesis system from Clonetech (Clonetech Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). Driver first strand cDNA is covalently linked to Dynabeads following a protocol similar to that described in the Dynal literature (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.). The target cDNA is then heat denatured and the second strand trapped using Dynabeads oligo-dT. The target second strand cDNA is then hybridized to the driver cDNA in 400 μl 2×SSPE for two rounds of hybridization at 65° C. and 20 hours. After each hybridization, the hybridization solution is removed from the system and the hybridized target cDNA removed from the driver by heat denaturation in water. After hybridization, the remaining cDNA is trapped with Dynabeads oligo-dT. The trapped cDNA is then amplified as in previous PCR based libraries and the resulting cDNA ligated into the pSPORT vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad Calif. U.S.A.). Fraction 10 of the size fractionated cDNA is ligated into the pSPORT vector in order to capture some of the smaller transcripts characteristic of antifungal proteins.
  • The Lib9 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana, Columbia ecotype, leaf tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. Leaf blades were cut with sharp scissors at seven weeks after planting. The tissue was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT)25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • The Lib22 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype, root tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. After 5-6 weeks the plants are in the reproductive growth phase. Stems are bolting from the base of the plants. After 7 weeks, more stems, floral buds appear, and a few flowers are starting to open. The 7-week old plants are rinsed intensively by tope water remove dirt from the roots, and blotted by paper towel. The tissues are immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation.
  • The Lib23 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana, Columbia ecotype, stem tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. Stems were collected seven to eight weeks after planting by cutting the stems from the base and cutting the top of the plant to remove the floral tissue. The tissue was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C. until total RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT)25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • The Lib24 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana, Columbia ecotype, flower bud tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. Flower buds are green and unopened and harvested about seven weeks after planting. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until total RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT)25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • The Lib25 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana, Columbia ecotype, open flower tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. Flowers are completely opened with all parts of floral structure observable, but no siliques are appearing. The tissue was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C. until total RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT)25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • The Lib35 cDNA library of the present invention, was prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype leaf tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. After 5-6 weeks the plants are in the reproductive growth phase. Stems are bolting from the base of the plants. After 7 weeks, more stems and floral buds appeared and a few flowers were starting to open. Leaf blades were collected by cutting with sharp scissors. The tissues were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C. until use. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT)25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library was normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • The Lib 146 cDNA library is prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana, Columbia ecotype, immature seed tissue. Wild type Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are planted in commonly used planting pots and grown in an environmental chamber. At approximately 7-8 weeks of age, the seeds are harvested. The seeds ranged in maturity from the smallest seeds that could be dissected from silques to just before starting to turn yellow in color. The tissue is immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The harvested tissue is stored at −80° C. until RNA extraction. PolyA mRNA is purified from the total RNA preparation using Dynabeads® Oligo(dT)25 (Dynal Inc., Lake Success, N.Y.), or equivalent methods. This library is normalized using a PCR-based protocol.
  • The Lib3032 (Lib80) cDNA libraries are generated from Brassica napus seeds harvested 30 days after pollination. The cDNA libraries are constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA is used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis is carried out at 45° C.
  • The Lib3034 (Lib82) cDNA libraries are generated from Brassica napus seeds harvested 15 and 18 days after pollination. The cDNA libraries are constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA is used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis was carried out at 45° C.
  • The Lib3099 cDNA library is generated by a subtraction procedure. The library contains cDNAs whose abundance is enriched in the Brassica napus 15 and 18 day after pollination seed tissues when compared to Brassica leaf tissues. The cDNA synthesis is performed on Brassica leaf RNA and Brassica RNA isolated from seeds harvested 15 and 18 days after pollination using a Smart PCR cDNA synthesis kit according to the manufacturers protocol (Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). The subtracted cDNA is generated using the Clontech PCR-Select subtraction kit according to the manufacturers protocol (Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A.). The subtracted cDNA was cloned into plasmid vector pCR2.1 according to the manufacturers protocol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • The Lib3033 (Lib81) cDNA libraries are generated from the Schizochytrium species cells. The Schizochytrium species cells are grown in liquid media until saturation. The culture is centrifuged to pellet the cells, the medium is decanted off, and pellet immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Wax esters are produced under such dark, anaerobic, rich-medium conditions. High wax production by the cultures is verified by microscopy (fluorescein staining of wax bodies) and by lipid extraction/TLC/GC. The harvested cells are stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. RNA is prepared from the frozen Euglena cell pellet as follows. The pellet is pulverized to a powder in liquid nitrogen using a mortar and pestle. The powder is transferred to tubes containing 6 ml each of lysis buffer (100 mM Tris, pH 8, 0.6 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, and 4% (w/v) SDS) and buffered phenol, vortexed, and disrupted with a Polytron. The mixture is centrifuged 20 min at 10,000×g in Corex glass tubes to separate the phases. 5 ml of the upper phase is removed, vortexed with 5 ml fresh phenol, and centrifuged. The upper phase is removed and the RNA is precipitated overnight at 4° C. by adding 1.5 volumes of 4 M LiCl. The RNA is further purified on Rneasy columns according to the manufacturers protocol (Qiagen, Valencia, Calif. U.S.A.). The cDNA library is constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA was used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis was carried out at 45° C.
  • The Lib47 cDNA library is generated from Euglena gracilus strain 753 (ATTC No. 30285, ATCC Manasas, Va. U.S.A.) grown in liquid culture. A liquid culture is innoculated with 1/10 volume of a previously-grown saturated culture, and the new culture for 4 days under near-anaerobic conditions (near-anaerobic cultures are not agitated, just gently swirled once a day) in the dark in 2× Beef (10 g/l bacto peptone, 4 g/l yeast extract, 2 g/l beef extract, 6 g/l glucose). The culture is then centrifuged to pellet the cells, the medium is decanted off, and pellet immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Wax esters are produced under such dark, anaerobic, rich-medium conditions. High wax production by the cultures is verified by microscopy (fluorescein staining of wax bodies) and by lipid extraction/TLC/GC. The harvested cells are stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. RNA is prepared from the frozen Euglena cell pellet as follows. The pellet is pulverized to a powder in liquid nitrogen using a mortar and pestle. The powder is transferred to tubes containing 6 ml each of lysis buffer (100 mM Tris, pH 8, 0.6 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, and 4% (w/v) SDS) and buffered phenol, vortexed, and disrupted with a Polytron. The mixture is centrifuged 20 min at 10,000×g in Corex glass tubes to separate the phases. 5 ml of the upper phase is removed, vortexed with 5 ml fresh phenol, and centrifuged. The upper phase is removed and the RNA is precipitated overnight at 4° C. by adding 1.5 volumes of 4 M LiCl. The RNA is further purified on Rneasy columns according to the manufacturers protocol (Qiagen, Valencia, Calif. U.S.A.). The cDNA library is constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA was used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis was carried out at 45° C.
  • The Lib44 cDNA library is generated from Phaeodactylum tricornatum grown in modified Jones medium for 3 days. The cells were harvested by centrifugation and the resulting pellet frozen immediately in liquid nitrogen. The harvested cells are stored at −80° C. until RNA preparation. RNA is prepared from the frozen Phaeodactylum cell pellet as follows. The pellet is pulverized to a powder in liquid nitrogen using a mortar and pestle. The powder is transferred to tubes containing 6 ml each of lysis buffer (100 mM Tris, pH 8, 0.6 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, and 4% (w/v) SDS) and buffered phenol, vortexed, and disrupted with a Polytron. The mixture is centrifuged 20 min at 10,000×g in Corex glass tubes to separate the phases. 5 ml of the upper phase is removed, vortexed with 5 ml fresh phenol, and centrifuged. The upper phase is removed and the RNA is precipitated overnight at 4° C. by adding 1.5 volumes of 4 M LiCl. The RNA is further purified on Rneasy columns according to the manufacturers protocol (Qiagen, Valencia, Calif. U.S.A.). The cDNA library is constructed using the SuperScript Plasmid system for cDNA synthesis and plasmid cloning (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) according to the manufacturers protocol with the following modification: 40 micrograms of total RNA was used as the starting material for cDNA synthesis, and first strand cDNA synthesis was carried out at 45 degrees centigrade.
  • The LIB3036 genomic library is generated from Mycobacterium neoaurum US52 (ATCC No. 23072, ATCC, Manasas, Va. U.S.A.) cells. Mycobacterium neoaurum US52 is a gram-positive Actinomycete bacterium. Mycobacterium neoaurum US52 is genetically related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but there is no reason to believe that it is a primary pathogen. It normally is saprophytic, i.e. it lives in soil and gets nutrients from decaying matter. Genomic DNA obtained from Mycobacterium neoaurum US52 is digested for various times with the restriction enzyme Sau3A. The DNA fractions are size-separated on an agarose gel, and the first fraction wherein most of the partially-digested fragments are about 10 kB is used to isolated fragments in the range of 2-3 kB. For LIB3036, the 2-3 kB DNA is cloned into vector pRY401 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif. U.S.A.). The vector pZERO-2 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif. U.S.A.). is used for the construction of LIB3104.
  • The stored RNA is purified using Trizol reagent from Life Technologies (Gibco BRL, Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.), essentially as recommended by the manufacturer. Poly A+ RNA (mRNA) is purified using magnetic oligo dT beads essentially as recommended by the manufacturer (Dynabeads, Dynal Corporation, Lake Success, N.Y. U.S.A.).
  • Construction of plant cDNA libraries is well-known in the art and a number of cloning strategies exist. A number of cDNA library construction kits are commercially available. The Superscript™ Plasmid System for cDNA synthesis and Plasmid Cloning (Gibco BRL, Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, Md. U.S.A.) is used, following the conditions suggested by the manufacturer.
  • Normalized libraries are made using essentially the Soares procedure (Soares et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 91:9228-9232 (1994), the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference). This approach is designed to reduce the initial 10,000-fold variation in individual cDNA frequencies to achieve abundances within one order of magnitude while maintaining the overall sequence complexity of the library. In the normalization process, the prevalence of high-abundance cDNA clones decreases dramatically, clones with mid-level abundance are relatively unaffected and clones for rare transcripts are effectively increased in abundance.
    • EXAMPLE 2
  • The cDNA libraries are plated on LB agar containing the appropriate antibiotics for selection and incubated at 37° for a sufficient time to allow the growth of individual colonies. Single colonies are individually placed in each well of a 96-well microtiter plates containing LB liquid including the selective antibiotics. The plates are incubated overnight at approximately 37° C. with gentle shaking to promote growth of the cultures. The plasmid DNA is isolated from each clone using Qiaprep plasmid isolation kits, using the conditions recommended by the manufacturer (Qiagen Inc., Santa Clara, Calif. U.S.A.).
  • Template plasmid DNA clones are used for subsequent sequencing. For sequencing, the ABI PRISM dRhodamine Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit with AmpliTaq® DNA Polymerase, FS, is used (PE Applied Biosystems, Foster City, Calif. U.S.A.).
    • EXAMPLE 3
  • Nucleic acid sequences that encode for the following transcription factors: homeobox transcription factor, HLH transcription factor, leucine zipper transcription factor, zinc finger transcription factor and other transcription factors are identified from the Monsanto EST PhytoSeq database using TBLASTN (default values) (TBLASTN compares a protein query against the six reading frames of a nucleic acid sequence). Matches found with BLAST P values equal or less than 0.001 (probability) or BLAST Score of equal or greater than 90 are classified as hits. If the program used to determine the hit is HMMSW then the score refers to HMMSW score.
  • In addition, the GenBank database is searched with BLASTN and BLASTX (default values) using ESTs as queries. EST that pass the hit probability threshold of 10e−8 for the following enzymes are combined with the hits generated by using TBLASTN (described above) and classified by enzyme (see Table A below).
  • A cluster refers to a set of overlapping clones in the PhytoSeq database. Such an overlapping relationship among clones is designated as a “cluster” when BLAST scores from pairwise sequence comparisons of the member clones meets a predetermined minimum value or product score of 50 or more (Product Score=(BLAST SCORE×Percentage Identity)/(5×minimum [length (Seq1), length (Seq2)]))
  • Since clusters are formed on the basis of single-linkage relationships, it is possible for two non-overlapping clones to be members of the same cluster if, for instance, they both overlap a third clone with at least the predetermined minimum BLAST score (stringency). A cluster ID is arbitrarily assigned to all of those clones which belong to the same cluster at a given stringency and a particular clone will belong to only one cluster at a given stringency. If a cluster contains only a single clone (a “singleton”), then the cluster ID number will be negative, with an absolute value equal to the clone ID number of its single member. Clones grouped in a cluster in most cases represent a contiguous sequence.
  • TABLE A*
    Seq %
    No. Cluster ID CloneID Library NCBI gi METHOD Score P-Value Ident
    ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    1 2951 LIB24-017- LIB24 g642128 BLASTN 1335 1e−102 100
    Q1-E1-G11
    2 4472 LIB25-100- LIB25 g402590 BLASTN 91 1e−17 30
    Q1-E1-G12
    3 4556 LIB24-029- LIB24 g2506030 BLASTN 1992 1e−157 99
    Q1-E1-F4
    4 4592 LIB24-009- LIB24 g3096930 BLASTN 77 1e−19 43
    Q1-E1-E10
    5 4649 LIB23-054- LIB23 g527628 BLASTN 1035 1e−77 100
    Q1-E1-D8
    6 5149 LIB24-096- LIB24 g1045043 BLASTN 2036 1e−161 99
    Q1-E1-C8
    7 5149 LIB35-035- LIB35 g1045043 BLASTN 1825 1e−143 100
    Q1-E1-B8
    8 5730 LIB146-010- LIB146 g1814423 BLASTN 1928 1e−151 99
    Q1-E1-F5
    9 5730 LIB25-074- LIB25 g1814423 BLASTN 2014 1e−158 99
    Q1-E1-F8
    10 6090 LIB22-076- LIB22 g527628 BLASTN 1885 1e−148 97
    Q1-E1-D3
    11 6090 LIB22-062- LIB22 g527628 BLASTN 2025 1e−160 100
    Q1-E1-G5
    12 6090 LIB22-025- LIB22 g527628 BLASTN 1836 1e−144 99
    Q1-E1-F10
    13 6663 LIB24-122- LIB24 g166607 BLASTN 1936 1e−155 99
    Q1-E1-E1
    14 6663 LIB24-123- LIB24 g166607 BLASTN 2116 1e−170 99
    Q1-E1-B8
    15 6663 LIB25-104- LIB25 g166607 BLASTN 1791 1e−141 99
    Q1-E1-B12
    16 6663 LIB25-088- LIB25 g166607 BLASTN 1971 1e−158 99
    Q1-E1-C12
    17 6965 LIB24-029- LIB24 g499163 BLASTN 1620 1e−126 100
    Q1-E1-B8
    18 6965 LIB25-067- LIB25 g499163 BLASTN 1828 1e−144 99
    Q1-E1-A5
    19 6965 LIB25-087- LIB25 g499163 BLASTN 945 1e−70 100
    Q1-E1-A9
    20 6965 LIB35-010- LIB35 g499163 BLASTN 1855 1e−146 100
    Q1-E1-H6
    21 7845 LIB24-015- LIB24 g16161 BLASTN 1965 1e−157 98
    Q1-E1-G5
    22 8076 ARABL1-023- LIB9 g166751 BLASTN 1514 1e−117 91
    Q1-B1-H6
    23 8318 LIB23-061- LIB23 g499159 BLASTN 1720 1e−134 100
    Q1-E1-D11
    24 8318 LIB24-058- LIB24 g499159 BLASTN 1776 1e−139 99
    Q1-E1-F6
    25 8318 LIB24-070- LIB24 g499159 BLASTN 1851 1e−145 98
    Q1-E1-E7
    26 8318 LIB25-101- LIB25 g499159 BLASTN 1696 1e−132 99
    Q1-E1-H2
    27 8352 LIB22-060- LIB22 g499162 BLASTN 63 1e−17 57
    Q1-E1-C4
    28 8352 LIB23-010- LIB23 g499162 BLASTN 64 1e−19 52
    Q1-E1-H5
    29 8782 ARABL1-029- LIB9 g499161 BLASTN 1542 1e−119 97
    Q1-B1-H4
    30 8782 ARABL1-025- LIB9 g499161 BLASTN 1532 1e−119 94
    Q1-B1-B5
    31 8782 LIB23-023- LIB23 g499161 BLASTN 1740 1e−147 98
    Q1-E1-B6
    32 8782 LIB23-057- LIB23 g499161 BLASTN 1673 1e−130 99
    Q1-E1-D3
    33 8782 LIB23-074- LIB23 g499161 BLASTN 1781 1e−139 99
    Q1-E1-E7
    34 8782 LIB24-133- LIB24 g499161 BLASTN 1594 1e−124 98
    Q1-E1-B2
    35 8782 LIB25-019- LIB25 g499161 BLASTN 1916 1e−151 99
    Q1-E1-G7
    36 8782 LIB25-110- LIB25 g499161 BLASTN 1584 1e−123 96
    Q1-E1-B12
    37 8810 LIB22-038- LIB22 g16327 BLASTN 1865 1e−146 100
    Q1-E1-F9
    38 8810 LIB25-045- LIB25 g16327 BLASTN 1951 1e−158 97
    Q1-E1-F7
    39 8810 LIB35-012- LIB35 g16327 BLASTN 1863 1e−146 98
    Q1-E1-F11
    40 8810 LIB35-006- LIB35 g16327 BLASTN 948 1e−140 99
    Q1-E1-C12
    41 9334 ARABL1-032- LIB9 g527636 BLASTN 367 1e−19 97
    Q1-E1-C4
    42 9433 LIB23-030- LIB23 g499161 BLASTN 1099 1e−82 94
    Q1-E1-C10
    43 9433 LIB35-024- LIB35 g499161 BLASTN 2130 1e−169 100
    Q1-E1-H6
    44 9433 LIB35-031- LIB35 g499161 BLASTN 1836 1e−144 98
    Q1-E1-D9
    45 9433 LIB35-002- LIB35 g499161 BLASTN 1229 1e−119 89
    Q1-E1-D7
    46 9454 LIB35-023- LIB35 g3153206 BLASTN 1582 1e−153 97
    Q1-E1-F1
    47 9454 LIB35-011- LIB35 g3153206 BLASTN 1665 1e−130 90
    Q1-E1-H5
    48 9542 LIB23-045- LIB23 g1045041 BLASTN 730 1e−57 99
    Q1-E1-B9
    49 9542 LIB35-047- LIB35 g1045041 BLASTN 1593 1e−123 92
    Q1-E1-D3
    ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HLH TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    50 1965 LIB23-023- LIB23 g1465367 BLASTN 1320 1e−168 98
    Q1-E1-E6
    51 219 LIB24-004- LIB24 g3193326 BLASTN 134 1e−20 69
    Q1-E1-F9
    52 2673 LIB22-019- LIB22 g1465367 BLASTN 1970 1e−157 97
    Q1-E1-D8
    53 2673 LIB25-058- LIB25 g1465367 BLASTN 2026 1e−159 99
    P1-E1-A2
    54 3920 LIB24-021- LIB24 g1154626 BLASTN 2032 1e−160 99
    Q1-E1-H4
    55 5164 LIB25-040- LIB25 g1154626 BLASTN 2032 1e−160 98
    Q1-E1-D6
    56 6525 LIB24-060- LIB24 g1465367 BLASTN 1864 1e−146 99
    Q1-E1-H4
    57 6694 LIB22-036- LIB22 g1465367 BLASTN 792 1e−57 95
    Q1-E1-C10
    58 7297 LIB23-043- LIB23 g1465367 BLASTN 1766 1e−138 98
    Q1-E1-H6
    59 7297 LIB25-086- LIB25 g1465367 BLASTN 1032 1e−77 99
    Q1-E1-D5
    60 7297 LIB25-097- LIB25 g1465367 BLASTN 1001 1e−74 99
    Q1-E1-H11
    61 8183 ARABL1-024- LIB9 g3036810 BLASTN 213 1e−31 51
    Q1-B1-C9
    62 8183 LIB22-082- LIB22 g3036810 BLASTN 247 1e−36 55
    Q1-E2-A1
    63 8183 LIB24-034- LIB24 g3036810 BLASTN 257 1e−37 55
    Q1-E1-A7
    64 8539 LIB35-055- LIB35 g1154626 BLASTN 1533 1e−118 99
    Q1-E1-B3
    65 8539 LIB35-055- LIB35 g1154626 BLASTN 2085 1e−164 100
    Q1-E2-B3
    ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA LEUCINE ZIPPER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    66 2474 LIB25-040- LIB25 g1806260 BLASTN 463 1e−27 70
    Q1-E1-E1
    67 4341 LIB25-074- LIB25 g1865678 BLASTN 295 1e−13 73
    Q1-E1-H2
    68 4559 LIB22-065- LIB22 g19274 BLASTN 340 1e−38 65
    Q1-E1-C5
    69 4559 LIB25-040- LIB25 g19274 BLASTN 277 1e−11 67
    Q1-E1-F10
    70 5743 LIB22-058- LIB22 g3297824 BLASTN 121 1e−25 64
    Q1-E1-C10
    71 5743 LIB24-131- LIB24 g3297824 BLASTN 121 1e−25 64
    Q1-E1-G1
    72 6498 LIB24-089- LIB24 g1806261 BLASTN 121 1e−28 50
    Q1-E1-D7
    73 6498 LIB25-013- LIB25 g1806261 BLASTN 81 1e−19 66
    Q1-E1-H7
    74 8748 LIB23-023- LIB23 g1865678 BLASTN 328 1e−16 75
    Q1-E1-A9
    75 8748 LIB24-045- LIB24 g1865678 BLASTN 328 1e−16 75
    Q1-E1-E7
    76 8748 LIB35-027- LIB35 g1769890 BLASTN 452 1e−26 70
    Q1-E1-H9
    77 897 LIB25-025- LIB25 g19275 BLASTN 114 1e−35 48
    Q1-E1-A12
    78 9263 ARABLI-14- LIB9 g1033194 BLASTN 1728 1e−135 97
    Q1-B1-A5
    79 9263 ARABL1-024- LIB9 g1033194 BLASTN 2015 1e−159 99
    Q1-B1-A8
    80 9263 LIB23-037- LIB23 g1033194 BLASTN 1331 1e−102 99
    Q1-E1-H10
    81 9263 LIB23-014- LIB23 g1033194 BLASTN 1747 1e−137 98
    Q1-E1-A6
    82 9263 LIB23-035- LIB23 g1033194 BLASTN 1882 1e−148 99
    Q1-E112-F8
    83 9263 LIB24-137- LIB24 g1033194 BLASTN 1752 1e−137 99
    Q1-E1-G11
    84 9263 LIB25-024- LIB25 g1033194 BLASTN 1531 1e−118 99
    Q1-E1-B1
    85 9263 LIB25-112- LIB25 g1033194 BLASTN 963 1e−71 96
    Q1-E1-E7
    86 9263 LIB25-039- LIB25 g1033194 BLASTN 2211 1e−176 99
    Q1-E1-D6
    87 9263 LIB25-091- LIB25 g1033194 BLASTN 1911 1e−150 99
    Q1-E1-G10
    88 9263 LIB25-031- LIB25 g1033194 BLASTN 2016 1e−159 99
    Q1-E1-D12
    89 9263 LIB25-098- LIB25 g1033194 BLASTN 1891 1e−149 99
    Q1-E1-F9
    46 9454 LIB35-023- LIB35 g3153206 BLASTN 1582 1e−153 97
    Q1-E1-F1
    47 9454 LIB35-011- LIB35 g3153206 BLASTN 1665 1e−130 90
    Q1-E1-H5
    90 9532 LIB35-023- LIB35 g403417 BLASTN 1458 1e−113 98
    Q1-E1-F11
    91 9532 LIB35-021- LIB35 g403417 BLASTN 1766 1e−141 99
    Q1-E1-D9
    92 959 LIB25-039- LIB25 g1865678 BLASTN 2196 1e−176 96
    Q1-E1-D12
    93 994 LIB146-009- LIB146 g3297824 BLASTN 99 1e−26 68
    Q1-E1-A1
    ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    94 1456 LIB35-026- LIB36 g1359492 BLASTN 705 1e−49 100
    Q1-E1-H4
    95 2391 LIB25-086- LIB25 g1418334 BLASTN 917 1e−67 98
    Q1-E1-F5
    96 2609 LIB146-013- LIB146 g2961541 BLASTN 1975 1e−158 100
    Q1-E1-D8
    97 2609 LIB146-008- LIB146 g2961541 BLASTN 1279 1e−98 90
    Q1-E1-B9
    98 2752 LIB22-068- LIB22 g1359492 BLASTN 327 1e−16 70
    Q1-E1-C6
    99 2929 LIB24-026- LIB24 g340456 BLASTN 87 1e−22 43
    Q1-E1-H7
    100 4393 LIB24-095- LIB24 g2582642 BLASTN 1850 1e−148 100
    Q1-E1-C8
    101 4451 LIB25-016- LIB25 g1800278 BLASTN 2020 1e−159 98
    Q1-E1-E12
    102 4451 LIB25-007- LIB25 g1800278 BLASTN 1601 1e−124 95
    Q1-E1-F1
    103 4510 ARABL1-025- LIB9 g790686 BLASTN 482 1e−31 98
    Q1-B1-G9
    104 5651 LIB23-060- LIB23 g1773039 BLASTN 269 1e−11 72
    Q1-E1-A4
    105 5651 LIB23-045- LIB23 g1773039 BLASTN 266 1e−11 74
    Q1-E1-C6
    106 5651 LIB24-014- LIB24 g1773039 BLASTN 260 1e−10 71
    Q1-E1-G10
    107 6087 LIB146-012- LIB146 g2511546 BLASTN 86 1e−18 53
    Q1-E1-G4
    108 6653 LIB22-014- LIB22 g1360087 BLASTN 501 1e−31 77
    Q1-E1-D6
    109 6653 LIB23-039- LIB23 g1360088 BLASTN 166 1e−26 90
    Q1-E1-D4
    110 6653 LIB25-112- LIB25 g1359492 BLASTN 496 1e−30 78
    Q1-E1-C8
    111 7386 LIB22-011- LIB22 g1871192 BLASTN 212 1e−33 47
    Q1-K1-E4
    112 7386 LIB22-085- LIB22 g1871192 BLASTN 119 1e−21 53
    Q1-E2-B1
    113 7386 LIB22-058- LIB22 g1871192 BLASTN 132 1e−23 51
    Q1-E1-B11
    114 7386 LIB22-001- LIB22 g1871192 BLASTN 135 1e−23 51
    Q1-E1-B5
    115 7551 LIB25-068- LIB25 g1872520 BLASTN 1056 1e−135 99
    Q1-E1-B4
    116 7827 LIB23-057- LIB23 g2340087 BLASTN 1559 1e−121 98
    Q1-E1-E6
    117 8238 LIB22-004- LIB22 g1360087 BLASTN 422 1e−24 72
    Q1-E1-G7
    118 8238 LIB25-078- LIB25 g1360086 BLASTN 130 1e−20 79
    Q1-E1-G1
    119 8287 ARABL1-019- LIB9 g1800278 BLASTN 343 1e−22 74
    Q1-B1-G1
    120 8287 ARABL1-025- LIB9 g1800278 BLASTN 343 1e−22 76
    Q1-B1-C6
    121 8287 LIB22-067- LIB22 g1800278 BLASTN 336 1e−16 75
    Q1-E1-H9
    122 8287 LIB25-007- LIB25 g1800278 BLASTN 336 1e−23 77
    Q1-E1-G11
    123 8287 LIB35-002- LIB35 g1800278 BLASTN 699 1e−58 78
    Q1-E1-H6
    124 8469 LIB25-006- LIB25 g1182006 BLASTN 736 1e−53 78
    Q1-E2-A7
    125 8479 LIB24-136- LIB24 g2582644 BLASTN 2042 1e−163 99
    Q1-E1-G9
    126 8479 LIB25-066- LIB25 g2582644 BLASTN 1958 1e−156 99
    Q1-E1-C10
    127 8479 LIB35-042- LIB35 g2582644 BLASTN 1729 1e−137 98
    Q1-E1-H4
    128 849 LIB35-005- LIB35 g2780365 BLASTN 165 1e−35 51
    Q1-E1-A1
    129 849 LIB35-043- LIB35 g2780365 BLASTN 165 1e−35 51
    Q1-E1-A2
    130 8725 LIB22-051- LIB22 g2961541 BLASTN 404 1e−22 60
    Q1-E1-D4
    131 8725 LIB22-078- LIB22 g1800278 BLASTN 452 1e−33 66
    Q1-E1-H1
    132 8725 LIB22-075- LIB22 g1871192 BLASTN 223 1e−32 41
    Q1-E1-D4
    133 8725 LIB22-034- LIB22 g1871192 BLASTN 264 1e−38 55
    Q1-E2-G1
    134 8725 LIB23-051- LIB23 g1871192 BLASTN 151 1e−27 49
    Q1-E1-E12
    135 8744 ARABL1-031- LIB9 g1565226 BLASTN 645 1e−45 96
    Q1-B1-G12
    136 8744 LIB22-078- LIB22 g1418322 BLASTN 2102 1e−167 99
    Q1-E1-F9
    137 8744 LIB22-068- LIB22 g1418322 BLASTN 2000 1e−158 98
    Q1-E1-A4
    138 8744 LIB22-056- LIB22 g1565226 BLASTN 1818 1e−145 99
    Q1-E1-E11
    139 8744 LIB25-104- LIB25 g1565226 BLASTN 1710 1e−135 100
    Q1-E1-D7
    140 8744 LIB35-015- LIB35 g1418322 BLASTN 743 1e−55 97
    Q1-E1-H12
    141 8794 LIB24-135- LIB24 g2801793 BLASTN 113 1e−18 50
    Q1-E1-A6
    142 9044 LIB22-023- LIB22 g1800278 BLASTN 1721 1e−159 98
    Q1-E1-G11
    143 9044 LIB23-043- LIB23 g1800278 BLASTN 1721 1e−158 98
    Q1-E1-F1
    144 9044 LIB23-035- LIB23 g1800278 BLASTN 1721 1e−147 98
    Q1-E112-G6
    145 9044 LIB24-059- LIB24 g1800278 BLASTN 1649 1e−131 97
    Q1-E1-D4
    146 9044 LIB24-124- LIB24 g1800278 BLASTN 1649 1e−150 96
    Q1-E1-A2
    147 9044 LIB24-126- LIB24 g1800278 BLASTN 1712 1e−149 98
    Q1-E1-G8
    148 9044 LIB24-124- LIB24 g1800278 BLASTN 1667 1e−132 96
    Q1-E2-A2
    ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA OTHER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    149 1486 LIB22-056- LIB22 g2564336 BLASTN 1769 1e−138 92
    Q1-E1-H3
    150 162 LIB24-090- LIB24 g2961084 BLASTN 2170 1e−171 100
    Q1-E1-F7
    151 1625 LIB23-065- LIB23 g2555018 BLASTN 83 1e−17 38
    Q1-E1-G1
    152 1979 LIB24-112- LIB24 g2398524 BLASTN 406 1e−22 69
    Q1-E1-F3
    153 1996 LIB25-073- LIB25 g19259 BLASTN 574 1e−36 77
    Q1-E1-E3
    154 2289 LIB146-012- LIB146 g3399764 BLASTN 600 1e−39 72
    Q1-E1-C11
    155 236 LIB23-013- LIB23 g2765441 BLASTN 1336 1e−145 95
    Q1-E1-F1
    156 236 LIB25-077- LIB25 g2765441 BLASTN 1761 1e−157 95
    Q1-E1-E11
    157 2370 LIB146-026- LIB146 g16545 BLASTN 1055 1e−125 93
    Q1-K1-G11
    158 2476 LIB22-087- LIB22 g2196466 BLASTN 217 1e−56 61
    Q1-E1-E2
    159 2476 LIB25-002- LIB25 g2196466 BLASTN 218 1e−55 62
    Q1-E1-A8
    160 2700 LIB22-087- LIB22 g2832403 BLASTN 1734 1e−136 98
    Q1-E1-D10
    161 2700 LIB23-069- LIB23 g2832403 BLASTN 1481 1e−114 99
    Q1-E1-F11
    162 2758 LIB22-047- LIB22 g1747309 BLASTN 1712 1e−136 99
    Q1-E1-C3
    163 2758 LIB22-031- LIB22 g1747309 BLASTN 1392 1e−107 99
    Q1-E1-C7
    164 2772 LIB22-033- LIB22 g1183866 BLASTN 174 1e−28 62
    Q1-E2-G2
    165 2772 LIB22-033- LIB22 g1183864 BLASTN 112 1e−17 45
    Q1-E1-G2
    166 2824 LIB22-031- LIB22 g2832407 BLASTN 923 1e−68 75
    Q1-E1-H8
    167 2881 LIB24-118- LIB24 g2959733 BLASTN 1732 1e−138 99
    Q1-E1-B3
    168 2929 LIB22-059- LIB22 g64475 BLASTN 67 1e−18 46
    Q1-E1-C11
    169 3322 LIB22-056- LIB22 g2398522 BLASTN 1538 1e−119 99
    Q1-E1-G12
    170 3322 LIB22-014- LIB22 g2398522 BLASTN 1724 1e−135 98
    Q1-E1-E7
    171 3596 LIB24-070- LIB24 g2959735 BLASTN 2033 1e−163 99
    Q1-E1-E8
    172 3605 LIB22-055- LIB22 g786425 BLASTN 271 1e−17 71
    Q1-E1-D6
    173 3808 ARABL1-01- LIB9 g1263094 BLASTN 1917 1e−151 99
    Q1-E1-E12
    174 4015 LIB22-020- LIB22 g20562 BLASTN 664 1e−45 71
    Q1-E1-E8
    175 4127 LIB22-031- LIB22 g2826883 BLASTN 1880 1e−148 90
    Q1-E1-A4
    176 4333 LIB22-032- LIB22 g2145357 BLASTN 2073 1e−163 99
    Q1-E1-B8
    177 4333 LIB22-041- LIB22 g2145357 BLASTN 2098 1e−165 99
    Q1-E1-F7
    178 4333 LIB22-086- LIB22 g2145357 BLASTN 1930 1e−157 98
    Q1-E1-F5
    179 4522 LIB23-040- LIB23 g3329392 BLASTN 151 1e−21 41
    Q1-E1-E7
    180 4522 LIB25-083- LIB25 g3329392 BLASTN 170 1e−25 41
    Q1-E1-D11
    181 4681 LIB22-013- LIB22 g2398524 BLASTN 1630 1e−127 100
    Q1-E1-A1
    182 4681 LIB22-015- LIB22 g2398524 BLASTN 2047 1e−162 99
    Q1-E1-A11
    183 4681 LIB24-123- LIB24 g2398524 BLASTN 2135 1e−169 98
    Q1-E1-A1
    184 5098 LIB22-088- LIB22 g2959731 BLASTN 1885 1e−149 100
    Q1-E1-F11
    185 5133 LIB23-048- LIB23 g1666172 BLASTN 908 1e−67 79
    Q1-E1-H10
    186 5133 LIB25-114- LIB25 g1666172 BLASTN 785 1e−56 75
    Q1-E1-A6
    187 5347 LIB22-044- LIB22 g2245393 BLASTN 2053 1e−162 99
    Q1-E1-E12
    188 5347 LIB23-017- LIB23 g2245393 BLASTN 1538 1e−119 92
    Q1-E1-E6
    189 5347 LIB24-093- LIB24 g2245393 BLASTN 2016 1e−159 98
    Q1-E1-A12
    190 537 LIB35-005- LIB35 g2398532 BLASTN 427 1e−24 72
    Q1-E1-F1
    191 537 LIB35-045- LIB35 g2398532 BLASTN 334 1e−16 73
    Q1-E1-B6
    192 5417 LIB23-035- LIB23 g3399764 BLASTN 326 1e−15 82
    Q1-E1-H11
    193 5417 LIB24-132- LIB24 g3399764 BLASTN 400 1e−22 80
    Q1-E1-A7
    194 5515 LIB25-046- LIB25 g2252479 BLASTN 333 1e−16 94
    Q1-E1-D6
    195 5599 LIB23-022- LIB23 g1514441 BLASTN 283 1e−12 65
    Q2-E1-E4
    196 5599 LIB23-039- LIB23 g1514441 BLASTN 519 1e−32 67
    Q1-E1-F7
    197 5721 LIB22-075- LIB22 g304112 BLASTN 329 1e−16 73
    Q1-E1-G6
    198 5913 LIB25-037- LIB25 g1429225 BLASTN 1733 1e−135 99
    Q1-E1-C5
    199 6004 LIB22-063- LIB22 g3183616 BLASTN 672 1e−45 74
    Q1-E1-H9
    200 6004 LIB24-115- LIB24 g3183616 BLASTN 674 1e−46 75
    Q1-E1-B2
    201 6004 LIB24-087- LIB24 g3183616 BLASTN 946 1e−70 75
    Q1-E1-A8
    202 6171 ARABLI-14- LIB9 g2832405 BLASTN 780 1e−56 78
    Q1-B1-A11
    203 6171 LIB22-038- LIB22 g2832405 BLASTN 920 1e−67 78
    Q1-E1-A1
    204 6171 LIB24-136- LIB24 g2832405 BLASTN 317 1e−15 81
    Q1-E1-B11
    205 6171 LIB35-043- LIB35 g2832405 BLASTN 777 1e−55 77
    Q1-E1-H9
    206 6246 LIB22-055- LIB22 g2245393 BLASTN 1969 1e−155 97
    Q1-E1-F7
    207 6246 LIB24-010- LIB24 g2245393 BLASTN 1887 1e−161 98
    Q1-E1-C8
    208 6276 ARABLI-12- LIB9 g1850792 BLASTN 793 1e−127 98
    Q1-B1-C2
    209 6397 ARABL1-031- LIB9 g2398530 BLASTN 841 1e−99 83
    Q1-B1-E8
    210 6602 LIB146-026- LIB146 g16428 BLASTN 1154 1e−159 97
    Q1-K1-B5
    211 6602 LIB24-012- LIB24 g16428 BLASTN 2106 1e−166 99
    Q1-E1-G11
    212 6653 LIB24-001- LIB24 g2920707 BLASTN 513 1e−33 78
    Q1-E1-D10
    213 6801 LIB22-056- LIB22 g945084 BLASTN 1000 1e−74 100
    Q1-E1-G9
    214 6801 LIB24-062- LIB24 g945084 BLASTN 1196 1e−91 99
    Q1-E1-F9
    215 6801 LIB25-056- LIB25 g945084 BLASTN 1186 1e−90 99
    Q1-E1-B4
    216 6801 LIB25-105- LIB25 g945084 BLASTN 1155 1e−87 100
    Q1-E1-C1
    217 7125 LIB22-035- LIB22 g786425 BLASTN 365 1e−19 72
    Q1-E1-D8
    218 7125 LIB24-060- LIB24 g786425 BLASTN 419 1e−44 77
    Q1-E1-F5
    219 7252 LIB35-042- LIB35 g1747309 BLASTN 1151 1e−87 99
    Q1-E1-B7
    220 7274 ARABL1-033- LIB9 g2826881 BLASTN 841 1e−77 96
    Q1-B1-A7
    221 7320 LIB24-123- LIB24 g166587 BLASTN 1651 1e−130 99
    Q1-E2-A5
    222 7320 LIB24-123- LIB24 g166587 BLASTN 1565 1e−122 100
    Q1-E1-A5
    223 7320 LIB25-001- LIB25 g166595 BLASTN 2102 1e−169 99
    Q1-E2-G12
    224 7320 LIB25-001- LIB25 g166595 BLASTN 2013 1e−161 99
    Q1-E1-G12
    225 7320 LIB25-013- LIB25 g166587 BLASTN 1941 1e−155 98
    Q1-E1-F5
    226 7321 LIB22-026- LIB22 g1890351 BLASTN 795 1e−57 84
    Q1-E1-B8
    227 7321 LIB24-028- LIB24 g1890351 BLASTN 823 1e−94 82
    Q1-E1-A3
    228 7321 LIB25-051- LIB25 g1890351 BLASTN 824 1e−106 83
    Q1-E1-D10
    229 7425 LIB22-076- LIB22 g2832517 BLASTN 639 1e−44 97
    Q1-E1-B3
    230 7486 LIB24-016- LIB24 g166592 BLASTN 2061 1e−163 99
    Q1-E1-A5
    231 7486 LIB24-047- LIB24 g166589 BLASTN 1749 1e−137 98
    Q1-E1-A12
    232 7486 LIB24-025- LIB24 g166592 BLASTN 2013 1e−159 97
    Q1-E1-C8
    233 7486 LIB25-016- LIB25 g166589 BLASTN 2020 1e−159 100
    Q1-E1-F11
    234 7486 LIB25-111- LIB25 g166589 BLASTN 1965 1e−155 100
    Q1-E1-C9
    235 7500 LIB146-010- LIB146 g2959729 BLASTN 1365 1e−105 100
    Q1-E1-F7
    236 7500 LIB22-043- LIB22 g2959729 BLASTN 2046 1e−162 99
    Q1-E1-B12
    237 7584 LIB24-118- LIB24 g2462080 BLASTN 1354 1e−106 88
    Q1-E1-C12
    238 7584 LIB24-058- LIB24 g2462080 BLASTN 1775 1e−141 100
    Q1-E1-H3
    239 7584 LIB24-069- LIB24 g2462080 BLASTN 1980 1e−158 100
    Q1-E1-F1
    240 7584 LIB24-132- LIB24 g2462080 BLASTN 2050 1e−164 100
    Q1-E1-F9
    241 7590 LIB24-109- LIB24 g1666172 BLASTN 919 1e−68 74
    Q1-E1-H7
    242 7590 LIB35-030- LIB35 g1666172 BLASTN 865 1e−63 73
    Q1-E1-C8
    243 7630 LIB22-008- LIB22 g2398532 BLASTN 811 1e−59 79
    Q1-E1-F8
    244 7630 LIB25-051- LIB25 g2398532 BLASTN 678 1e−46 77
    Q1-E1-D11
    245 7630 LIB25-076- LIB25 g2398532 BLASTN 415 1e−23 80
    Q1-E1-D11
    246 7650 LIB25-032- LIB25 g16547 BLASTN 1906 1e−150 91
    Q1-E1-E9
    247 7650 LIB25-094- LIB25 g16545 BLASTN 985 1e−73 100
    Q1-E1-H12
    248 7819 LIB22-080- LIB22 g3395937 BLASTN 1542 1e−119 99
    Q1-E1-B2
    249 7819 LIB22-056- LIB22 g3395937 BLASTN 1735 1e−135 98
    Q1-E1-F8
    250 7819 LIB22-080- LIB22 g3395937 BLASTN 1477 1e−114 99
    Q1-E2-B2
    251 7857 LIB22-081- LIB22 g2564336 BLASTN 1465 1e−118 89
    Q1-E2-A5
    252 7857 LIB22-017- LIB22 g2564336 BLASTN 1506 1e−121 89
    Q1-E1-A6
    253 7857 LIB24-010- LIB24 g2564336 BLASTN 1233 1e−99 86
    Q1-E1-H9
    254 7857 LIB25-111- LIB25 g2564336 BLASTN 1548 1e−125 88
    Q1-E1-B3
    255 7857 LIB25-066- LIB25 g2564336 BLASTN 1475 1e−119 89
    Q1-E1-C8
    256 7857 LIB25-115- LIB25 g2564336 BLASTN 1465 1e−117 89
    Q1-E1-B9
    257 7984 LIB35-011- LIB35 g928968 BLASTN 368 1e−40 86
    Q1-E1-A10
    258 8232 LIB22-028- LIB22 g2104680 BLASTN 341 1e−17 69
    Q1-E1-B4
    259 8629 LIB22-035- LIB22 g2104680 BLASTN 248 1e−09 63
    Q1-E1-H7
    260 8629 LIB23-013- LIB23 g2104680 BLASTN 262 1e−10 67
    Q1-E1-E9
    261 8629 LIB24-048- LIB24 g2104680 BLASTN 253 1e−09 66
    Q1-E2-E6
    262 8629 LIB24-048- LIB24 g2104680 BLASTN 244 1e−09 65
    Q1-E1-E6
    263 8728 ARABL1-02- LIB9 g1173615 BLASTN 200 1e−09 84
    Q1-E1-G10
    264 8736 LIB22-004- LIB22 g556558 BLASTN 415 1e−61 68
    Q1-E1-C9
    265 8736 LIB22-064- LIB22 g556557 BLASTN 1097 1e−82 75
    Q1-E1-H5
    266 8736 LIB22-022- LIB22 g556558 BLASTN 243 1e−37 70
    Q1-E1-A3
    267 8736 LIB23-066- LIB23 g556558 BLASTN 327 1e−50 79
    Q1-E1-D2
    268 8736 LIB23-001- LIB23 g556558 BLASTN 334 1e−50 78
    Q1-E1-F11
    269 8736 LIB24-092- LIB24 g556557 BLASTN 694 1e−47 65
    Q1-E1-B7
    270 8773 LIB22-035- LIB22 g1572786 BLASTN 86 1e−19 45
    Q1-E1-D10
    271 8873 ARABL1-022- LIB9 g1263094 BLASTN 2026 1e−160 99
    Q1-B1-H10
    272 8873 ARABL1-022- LIB9 g1263094 BLASTN 1978 1e−156 99
    Q1-B1-D1
    273 8873 ARABL1-019- LIB9 g1263094 BLASTN 1816 1e−142 99
    Q1-B1-G3
    274 8873 LIB22-088- LIB22 g1263094 BLASTN 1856 1e−146 99
    Q1-E1-E11
    275 8873 LIB23-036- LIB23 g1263094 BLASTN 1892 1e−149 99
    Q1-E1-C12
    276 8873 LIB24-090- LIB24 g1263094 BLASTN 2041 1e−162 99
    Q1-E1-D12
    277 8873 LIB25-003- LIB25 g1263094 BLASTN 1867 1e−147 99
    Q1-E1-H3
    278 8873 LIB25-114- LIB25 g1263094 BLASTN 1931 1e−152 99
    Q1-E1-B5
    279 8873 LIB25-084- LIB25 g1263094 BLASTN 1080 1e−81 100
    Q1-E1-E6
    280 8919 LIB22-079- LIB22 g2505876 BLASTN 302 1e−45 89
    Q1-E1-G7
    281 8919 LIB24-031- LIB24 g2505876 BLASTN 291 1e−48 81
    Q1-E1-F8
    282 8993 LIB146-015- LIB146 g1292897 BLASTN 406 1e−22 63
    Q1-E1-H7
    283 8994 ARABL1-029- LIB9 g1890351 BLASTN 1316 1e−101 99
    Q1-B1-C2
    284 8994 ARABLI-15- LIB9 g1890351 BLASTN 1318 1e−108 97
    Q1-B1-H9
    285 8994 LIB22-047- LIB22 g1890351 BLASTN 1555 1e−125 100
    Q1-E1-D5
    286 8994 LIB22-031- LIB22 g1890351 BLASTN 1245 1e−95 98
    Q1-E1-F10
    287 8994 LIB24-077- LIB24 g1890351 BLASTN 1476 1e−114 93
    Q1-E1-G6
    288 8994 LIB25-085- LIB25 g1890351 BLASTN 1461 1e−113 99
    Q1-E1-B10
    289 9030 LIB23-072- LIB23 g290056 BLASTN 454 1e−26 68
    Q1-E1-G1
    290 9030 LIB23-021- LIB23 g290056 BLASTN 472 1e−28 70
    Q2-E1-C3
    291 9106 LIB24-122- LIB24 g2104680 BLASTN 232 1e−09 75
    Q1-E1-A6
    292 9106 LIB24-136- LIB24 g2104680 BLASTN 420 1e−23 72
    Q1-E1-G12
    293 9106 LIB25-044- LIB25 g2104680 BLASTN 232 1e−08 75
    Q1-E1-G7
    294 9532 LIB24-073- LIB24 g3184053 BLASTN 361 1e−23 64
    Q1-E1-C2
    295 9532 LIB25-027- LIB25 g1483229 BLASTN 422 1e−24 66
    Q1-E1-D7
    296 9532 LIB35-004- LIB35 g1483229 BLASTN 413 1e−23 65
    Q1-E1-H9
    297 9532 LIB35-043- LIB35 g939780 BLASTN 394 1e−21 68
    Q1-E1-F9
    298 9532 LIB35-052- LIB35 g1483229 BLASTN 413 1e−23 65
    Q1-E1-D8
    299 9542 LIB23-068- LIB23 g2735764 BLASTN 255 1e−52 58
    Q1-E1-H9
    MAIZE ZINC-FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    300 -700016325 700016325H1 SATMON001 g2746333 BLASTN 162 1e−24 50
    301 -700026959 700026959H1 SATMON003 g2088668 BLASTN 181 1e−26 54
    302 -700027280 700027280H1 SATMON003 g441220 BLASTN 233 1e−26 79
    303 -700027480 700027480H1 SATMON003 g2746333 BLASTN 129 1e−21 66
    304 -700042789 700042789H1 SATMON004 g1872521 BLASTN 170 1e−36 64
    305 -700048422 700048422H1 SATMON003 g1871192 BLASTN 73 1e−18 69
    306 -700051791 700051791H1 SATMON003 g441220 BLASTN 238 1e−20 79
    307 -700075825 700075825H1 SATMON007 g790683 BLASTN 163 1e−24 90
    308 -700076194 700076194H1 SATMON007 g1321818 BLASTN 172 1e−25 50
    309 -700083928 700083928H1 SATMON011 g1517914 BLASTN 111 1e−18 46
    310 -700085230 700085230H1 SATMON011 g2708744 BLASTN 288 1e−41 60
    311 -700091647 700091647H1 SATMON011 g885730 BLASTN 66 1e−19 64
    312 -700100924 700100924H1 SATMON009 g2582645 BLASTN 136 1e−20 83
    313 -700105860 700105860H1 SATMON010 g1872521 BLASTN 115 1e−20 42
    314 -700156073 700156073H1 SATMON007 g1435057 BLASTN 129 1e−27 47
    315 -700162355 700162355H1 SATMON012 g2435518 BLASTN 211 1e−31 48
    316 -700164124 700164124H1 SATMON013 g1519680 BLASTN 130 1e−19 45
    317 -700164638 700164638H1 SATMON013 g3033395 BLASTN 94 1e−17 48
    318 -700167644 700167644H1 SATMON013 g2582643 BLASTN 94 1e−17 91
    319 -700168811 700168811H1 SATMON013 g2104419 BLASTN 114 1e−19 50
    320 -700172615 700172615H1 SATMON013 g1304599 BLASTN 136 1e−26 45
    321 -700196512 700196512H1 SATMON014 g532810 BLASTN 116 1e−27 50
    322 -700201723 700201723H1 SATMON003 g1843401 BLASTN 122 1e−18 41
    323 -700203560 700203560H1 SATMON003 g2058504 BLASTN 123 1e−19 67
    324 -700214674 700214674H1 SATMON016 g18819 BLASTN 159 1e−24 70
    325 -700219515 700219515H1 SATMON011 g1182006 BLASTN 524 1e−33 89
    326 -700219825 700219825H1 SATMON011 g166306 BLASTN 182 1e−35 61
    327 -700220954 700220954H1 SATMON011 g1871192 BLASTN 77 1e−21 49
    328 -700235252 700235252H1 SATMON010 g1136384 BLASTN 99 1e−17 37
    329 -700237256 700237256H1 SATMON010 g1565227 BLASTN 116 1e−27 66
    330 -700240108 700240108H1 SATMON010 g2160396 BLASTN 161 1e−24 44
    331 -700242130 700242130H1 SATMON010 g1183987 BLASTN 101 1e−22 57
    332 -700257451 700257451H2 SATMON017 g1871192 BLASTN 205 1e−36 59
    333 -700321754 700321754H1 SATMON025 g1304599 BLASTN 144 1e−21 43
    334 -700341394 700341394H1 SATMON020 g2911058 BLASTN 150 1e−22 67
    335 -700341946 700341946H1 SATMON020 g2104677 BLASTN 97 1e−28 60
    336 -700345248 700345248H1 SATMON021 g2746333 BLASTN 140 1e−21 47
    337 -700352228 700352228H1 SATMON023 g2827537 BLASTN 343 1e−49 76
    338 -700353885 700353885H1 SATMON024 g1438877 BLASTN 162 1e−28 53
    339 -700381224 700381224H1 SATMON023 g469800 BLASTN 145 1e−21 64
    340 -700405481 700405481H1 SATMON029 g2708744 BLASTN 317 1e−45 60
    341 -700423875 700423875H1 SATMONN01 g2911058 BLASTN 164 1e−24 67
    342 -700431146 700431146H1 SATMONN01 g2435518 BLASTN 232 1e−34 44
    343 -700438785 700438785H1 SATMON026 g1872523 BLASTN 128 1e−19 61
    344 -700445561 700445561H1 SATMON027 g485815 BLASTN 278 1e−12 83
    345 -700452922 700452922H1 SATMON028 g1182006 BLASTN 451 1e−39 80
    346 -700453237 700453237H1 SATMON028 g2598954 BLASTN 79 1e−17 53
    347 -700456055 700456055H1 SATMON029 g2827537 BLASTN 168 1e−29 80
    348 -700477970 700477970H1 SATMON025 g2582645 BLASTN 78 1e−18 46
    349 -700575550 700575550H1 SATMON030 g2464919 BLASTN 214 1e−31 69
    350 -700582866 700582866H1 SATMON031 g2522524 BLASTN 127 1e−21 58
    351 -700611202 700611202H1 SATMON022 g2827537 BLASTN 148 1e−31 64
    352 -700614785 700614785H1 SATMON033 g1946361 BLASTN 184 1e−27 44
    353 -700621114 700621114H1 SATMON034 g2738419 BLASTN 80 1e−17 48
    354 -700807291 700807291H1 SATMON036 g2911058 BLASTN 121 1e−18 37
    355 -701158987 701158987H2 SATMONN04 g1182006 BLASTN 469 1e−39 85
    356 -701160730 701160730H1 SATMONN04 g20546 BLASTN 128 1e−23 63
    357 -701176142 701176142H1 SATMONN05 g1946361 BLASTN 144 1e−21 40
    358 -701176323 701176323H1 SATMONN05 g2894600 BLASTN 163 1e−24 48
    359 -701179810 701179810H1 SATMONN05 g2618693 BLASTN 114 1e−17 33
    360 -701180481 701180481H1 SATMONN05 g532813 BLASTN 239 1e−36 59
    361 -701181264 701181264H1 SATMONN06 g2911058 BLASTN 128 1e−19 45
    362 1035 700077089H1 SATMON007 g1401053 BLASTN 112 1e−31 51
    363 1035 700090214H1 SATMON011 g1209779 BLASTN 97 1e−30 51
    364 1035 700203251H1 SATMON003 g1401053 BLASTN 97 1e−27 57
    365 1035 700260407H1 SATMON017 g1401053 BLASTN 77 1e−21 53
    366 1035 700431103H1 SATMONN01 g1401066 BLASTN 97 1e−21 59
    367 1035 700571514H1 SATMON030 g1209779 BLASTN 97 1e−23 58
    368 1035 LIB3067-003- LIB3067 g1209779 BLASTN 135 1e−51 48
    Q1-K1-D11
    369 10824 700026992H1 SATMON003 g2511546 BLASTN 107 1e−21 68
    370 10824 700027527H1 SATMON003 g2511546 BLASTN 116 1e−22 71
    371 10824 700102056H1 SATMON010 g2511546 BLASTN 107 1e−21 68
    372 10824 700103281H1 SATMON010 g2511546 BLASTN 108 1e−21 68
    373 10824 700204592H1 SATMON003 g2981169 BLASTN 103 1e−19 59
    374 11449 700157020H1 SATMON012 g1872521 BLASTN 151 1e−30 65
    375 11449 700159984H1 SATMON012 g1872521 BLASTN 151 1e−23 71
    376 11477 700048922H1 SATMON003 g441220 BLASTN 495 1e−39 84
    377 11477 LIB84-008- LIB84 g485815 BLASTN 578 1e−39 78
    Q1-E1-F10
    378 11477 LIB84-008- LIB84 g485815 BLASTN 457 1e−37 82
    Q1-E1-F8
    379 11715 700167124H1 SATMON013 g995854 BLASTN 184 1e−27 50
    380 11715 700338785H1 SATMON020 g995854 BLASTN 181 1e−27 67
    381 11824 700427090H1 SATMONN01 g2746333 BLASTN 116 1e−23 52
    382 11824 700805029H1 SATMON036 g2746333 BLASTN 116 1e−19 53
    383 11824 701175485H1 SATMONN05 g1321818 BLASTN 108 1e−21 50
    384 12985 700152577H1 SATMON007 g2708744 BLASTN 144 1e−21 45
    385 12985 700261113H1 SATMON017 g2708744 BLASTN 220 1e−33 49
    386 13680 700351911H1 SATMON023 g1519680 BLASTN 132 1e−20 47
    387 13763 700050261H1 SATMON003 g558542 BLASTN 235 1e−08 77
    388 1432 700432237H1 SATMONN01 g1773040 BLASTN 111 1e−19 60
    389 15019 700171514H1 SATMON013 g559102 BLASTN 71 1e−21 65
    390 15100 700572747H1 SATMON030 g4023 BLASTN 144 1e−35 60
    391 15427 700431701H1 SATMONN01 g2618752 BLASTN 231 1e−34 66
    392 15427 700431705H1 SATMONN01 g2618752 BLASTN 232 1e−34 68
    393 16208 700468750H1 SATMON025 g1872521 BLASTN 111 1e−23 70
    394 16208 LIB143-057- LIB143 g1872521 BLASTN 121 1e−41 60
    Q1-E1-C3
    395 16208 LIB148-018- LIB148 g1872521 BLASTN 152 1e−48 63
    Q1-E1-D8
    396 16208 LIB3066-038- LIB3066 g1872521 BLASTN 135 1e−40 61
    Q1-K1-D2
    397 16918 700043104H1 SATMON004 g2746333 BLASTN 142 1e−21 52
    398 16918 700044140H1 SATMON004 g1321818 BLASTN 142 1e−21 52
    399 16918 700549778H1 SATMON022 g2746333 BLASTN 172 1e−25 50
    400 16918 700551474H1 SATMON022 g2746333 BLASTN 159 1e−23 53
    401 17154 700159007H1 SATMON012 g2911058 BLASTN 311 1e−44 63
    402 17154 700581847H1 SATMON031 g2911058 BLASTN 298 1e−43 60
    403 17154 700581848H1 SATMON031 g2911058 BLASTN 150 1e−36 57
    404 17200 700161005H1 SATMON012 g2911058 BLASTN 141 1e−21 75
    405 18363 700102068H1 SATMON010 g1304599 BLASTN 107 1e−20 54
    406 18363 700235979H1 SATMON010 g1304599 BLASTN 227 1e−33 54
    407 18643 700088171H1 SATMON011 g2582645 BLASTN 206 1e−30 78
    408 18643 700552484H1 SATMON022 g2582645 BLASTN 112 1e−17 79
    409 18643 701163712H1 SATMONN04 g2582645 BLASTN 136 1e−38 76
    410 18643 701171379H2 SATMONN05 g2582645 BLASTN 182 1e−32 72
    411 18643 LIB3060-042- LIB3060 g2582644 BLASTN 449 1e−27 72
    Q1-K1-C3
    412 1870 700018305H1 SATMON001 g1182006 BLASTN 781 1e−56 91
    413 1870 700020004H1 SATMON001 g1182006 BLASTN 623 1e−43 88
    414 1870 700020158H1 SATMON001 g1182006 BLASTN 760 1e−55 88
    415 1870 700021541H1 SATMON001 g732811 BLASTN 179 1e−28 100
    416 1870 700026616H1 SATMON003 g1182006 BLASTN 387 1e−24 87
    417 1870 700029430H1 SATMON003 g1182006 BLASTN 772 1e−56 87
    418 1870 700029830H1 SATMON003 g1182006 BLASTN 790 1e−57 87
    419 1870 700047759H1 SATMON003 g1182006 BLASTN 760 1e−70 88
    420 1870 700082430H1 SATMON011 g1182006 BLASTN 633 1e−44 82
    421 1870 700084430H1 SATMON011 g1182006 BLASTN 911 1e−69 85
    422 1870 700085075H1 SATMON011 g1182006 BLASTN 447 1e−27 84
    423 1870 700087465H1 SATMON011 g1182006 BLASTN 763 1e−55 82
    424 1870 700105379H1 SATMON010 g1182006 BLASTN 876 1e−65 85
    425 1870 700150246H1 SATMON007 g1182006 BLASTN 510 1e−33 88
    426 1870 700201345H1 SATMON003 g1182006 BLASTN 965 1e−74 87
    427 1870 700202069H1 SATMON003 g1182006 BLASTN 926 1e−70 89
    428 1870 700217723H1 SATMON016 g1182006 BLASTN 665 1e−56 91
    429 1870 700237291H1 SATMON010 g1182006 BLASTN 747 1e−54 88
    430 1870 700340470H1 SATMON020 g1182006 BLASTN 816 1e−60 84
    431 1870 700341616H1 SATMON020 g1182006 BLASTN 526 1e−34 82
    432 1870 700353508H1 SATMON024 g1182006 BLASTN 980 1e−75 85
    433 1870 700426268H1 SATMONN01 g1182006 BLASTN 927 1e−70 86
    434 1870 700446271H1 SATMON027 g1182006 BLASTN 892 1e−66 84
    435 1870 700446372H1 SATMON027 g1182006 BLASTN 642 1e−45 87
    436 1870 700449457H1 SATMON028 g1182006 BLASTN 621 1e−43 82
    437 1870 700449903H1 SATMON028 g1182006 BLASTN 760 1e−55 87
    438 1870 700452486H1 SATMON028 g1182006 BLASTN 612 1e−54 90
    439 1870 700453241H1 SATMON028 g1182006 BLASTN 692 1e−49 87
    440 1870 700572095H1 SATMON030 g1182006 BLASTN 414 1e−25 88
    441 1870 700572123H1 SATMON030 g1182006 BLASTN 829 1e−61 82
    442 1870 700572323H1 SATMON030 g1182006 BLASTN 585 1e−38 83
    443 1870 700572910H1 SATMON030 g1182006 BLASTN 278 1e−14 84
    444 1870 700572933H1 SATMON030 g1182006 BLASTN 893 1e−67 84
    445 1870 700572946H1 SATMON030 g1182006 BLASTN 525 1e−47 87
    446 1870 700573249H1 SATMON030 g1182006 BLASTN 931 1e−71 82
    447 1870 700576123H1 SATMON030 g1182006 BLASTN 906 1e−68 83
    448 1870 700582788H1 SATMON031 g732811 BLASTN 85 1e−35 89
    449 1870 700622147H1 SATMON034 g1182006 BLASTN 570 1e−54 83
    450 1870 700622250H1 SATMON034 g1182006 BLASTN 779 1e−56 84
    451 1870 700622392H1 SATMON034 g1182006 BLASTN 579 1e−47 87
    452 1870 700624362H1 SATMON034 g732811 BLASTN 152 1e−38 98
    453 1870 700804615H1 SATMON036 g1182006 BLASTN 761 1e−55 87
    454 1870 700806127H1 SATMON036 g1182006 BLASTN 643 1e−45 88
    455 1870 701163755H1 SATMONN04 g1182006 BLASTN 731 1e−52 87
    456 1870 701166834H1 SATMONN04 g1182006 BLASTN 364 1e−51 88
    457 1870 701182594H1 SATMONN06 g1182006 BLASTN 616 1e−50 86
    458 1870 LIB143-004- LIB143 g1182006 BLASTN 921 1e−70 87
    Q1-E1-H5
    459 1870 LIB143-008- LIB143 g1182006 BLASTN 285 1e−27 81
    Q1-E1-D11
    460 1870 LIB3059-041- LIB3059 g1182006 BLASTN 790 1e−56 83
    Q1-K1-H6
    461 1870 LIB3059-033- LIB3059 g1182006 BLASTN 628 1e−42 82
    Q1-K1-F8
    462 1870 LIB3061-022- LIB3061 g1182006 BLASTN 965 1e−74 87
    Q1-K1-A3
    463 1870 LIB3061-045- LIB3061 g1182006 BLASTN 888 1e−66 84
    Q1-K1-E4
    464 1870 LIB3061-048- LIB3061 g1182006 BLASTN 888 1e−66 84
    Q1-K1-C1
    465 1870 LIB3067-040- LIB3067 g1182006 BLASTN 936 1e−71 88
    Q1-K1-B9
    466 1870 LIB3067-033- LIB3067 g1182006 BLASTN 974 1e−74 88
    Q1-K1-G7
    467 1870 LIB3067-053- LIB3067 g1182006 BLASTN 872 1e−65 86
    Q1-K1-H1
    468 1870 LIB3069-008- LIB3069 g1182006 BLASTN 888 1e−66 84
    Q1-K1-F4
    469 1870 LIB3069-026- LIB3069 g1182006 BLASTN 902 1e−68 85
    Q1-K1-D10
    470 1870 LIB3078-007- LIB3078 g1182006 BLASTN 906 1e−68 84
    Q1-K1-E5
    471 1870 LIB3078-039- LIB3078 g1182006 BLASTN 893 1e−67 84
    Q1-K1-D5
    472 1870 LIB36-014- LIB36 g1182006 BLASTN 720 1e−50 84
    Q1-E1-C9
    473 1870 LIB83-015- LIB83 g1182006 BLASTN 893 1e−67 84
    Q1-E1-F2
    474 1870 LIB84-025- LIB84 g1182006 BLASTN 411 1e−28 88
    Q1-E1-F7
    475 19382 700258847H1 SATMON017 g1872521 BLASTN 141 1e−25 58
    476 19382 700423860H1 SATMONN01 g1872521 BLASTN 152 1e−34 63
    477 19599 700569343H1 SATMON030 g2582645 BLASTN 76 1e−20 82
    478 19820 700215466H1 SATMON016 g1773040 BLASTN 119 1e−18 62
    479 19820 700470380H1 SATMON025 g1773040 BLASTN 129 1e−19 69
    480 2055 700441860H1 SATMON026 g1321818 BLASTN 127 1e−22 51
    481 21017 700211455H1 SATMON016 g2960035 BLASTN 122 1e−23 47
    482 21113 700382252H1 SATMON024 g1946361 BLASTN 111 1e−19 36
    483 21118 700244059H1 SATMON010 g2435518 BLASTN 122 1e−26 73
    484 21298 700048701H1 SATMON003 g2582645 BLASTN 176 1e−32 77
    485 21298 700095050H1 SATMON008 g2582645 BLASTN 189 1e−28 78
    486 21298 700101269H1 SATMON009 g2582644 BLASTN 524 1e−33 73
    487 21298 700151889H1 SATMON007 g2582645 BLASTN 226 1e−34 78
    488 21460 700083781H1 SATMON011 g2582643 BLASTN 94 1e−21 85
    489 21460 700162856H1 SATMON013 g2582643 BLASTN 94 1e−20 90
    490 22148 700582334H1 SATMON031 g2911058 BLASTN 275 1e−43 63
    491 22241 700465691H1 SATMON025 g2708744 BLASTN 107 1e−18 38
    492 22241 700466091H1 SATMON025 g2708744 BLASTN 106 1e−26 41
    493 23254 701178810H1 SATMONN05 g924620 BLASTN 172 1e−37 56
    494 23254 701179020H1 SATMONN05 g924620 BLASTN 204 1e−30 48
    495 24947 700612580H1 SATMON033 g1438877 BLASTN 151 1e−22 43
    496 24947 701166350H1 SATMONN04 g1438877 BLASTN 166 1e−24 41
    497 24947 LIB3060-010- LIB3060 g1438877 BLASTN 162 1e−43 40
    Q1-K1-A4
    498 24947 LIB3067-048- LIB3067 g1438877 BLASTN 153 1e−37 43
    Q1-K1-D6
    499 26135 LIB3062-035- LIB3062 g558542 BLASTN 308 1e−14 67
    Q1-K1-F5
    500 27359 700030456H1 SATMON003 g3033388 BLASTN 204 1e−30 62
    501 28039 700193021H1 SATMON014 g2827537 BLASTN 98 1e−17 78
    502 28039 LIB143-066- LIB143 g2827537 BLASTN 98 1e−38 57
    Q1-E1-D11
    503 2972 700204107H1 SATMON003 g1872521 BLASTN 149 1e−22 64
    504 2972 700215661H1 SATMON016 g1872523 BLASTN 149 1e−25 62
    505 2972 700242431H1 SATMON010 g1872521 BLASTN 149 1e−37 65
    506 2972 700343436H1 SATMON021 g1872521 BLASTN 149 1e−30 65
    507 2972 700352888H1 SATMON024 g1872521 BLASTN 146 1e−33 69
    508 2972 700382460H1 SATMON024 g1872521 BLASTN 149 1e−30 69
    509 2972 700579507H1 SATMON031 g1872521 BLASTN 135 1e−23 59
    510 30492 700576046H1 SATMON030 g2746333 BLASTN 121 1e−21 53
    511 30619 LIB3067-019- LIB3067 g1438877 BLASTN 102 1e−36 48
    Q1-K1-G10
    512 31779 700439823H1 SATMON026 g2911058 BLASTN 145 1e−25 54
    513 31780 LIB3066-006- LIB3066 g2435518 BLASTN 205 1e−59 49
    Q1-K1-B8
    514 31839 700443745H1 SATMON027 g2827537 BLASTN 155 1e−28 61
    515 31839 LIB3061-001- LIB3061 g2827537 BLASTN 155 1e−50 65
    Q1-K2-F2
    516 3203 700042448H1 SATMON004 g1872523 BLASTN 83 1e−20 75
    517 3203 LIB189-024- LIB189 g1872521 BLASTN 92 1e−40 70
    Q1-E1-B3
    518 3203 LIB3062-003- LIB3062 g1872521 BLASTN 83 1e−40 61
    Q1-K1-F4
    519 3203 LIB3078-034- LIB3078 g1872521 BLASTN 83 1e−34 71
    Q1-K1-G8
    520 32258 LIB3062-024- LIB3062 g3152606 BLASTN 159 1e−53 61
    Q1-K1-H10
    521 32618 700164830H1 SATMON013 g2746335 BLASTN 164 1e−24 56
    522 32618 LIB83-002- LIB83 g1321818 BLASTN 180 1e−42 50
    Q1-E1-A11
    523 4116 700021533H1 SATMON001 g18819 BLASTN 310 1e−47 77
    524 4116 700021703H1 SATMON001 g18819 BLASTN 336 1e−50 78
    525 4116 700088936H1 SATMON011 g18819 BLASTN 225 1e−33 62
    526 4116 700104150H1 SATMON010 g18819 BLASTN 374 1e−55 74
    527 4116 700155735H1 SATMON007 g18819 BLASTN 262 1e−39 74
    528 4116 700163155H1 SATMON013 g18819 BLASTN 321 1e−48 78
    529 4116 700164940H1 SATMON013 g18819 BLASTN 313 1e−47 75
    530 4116 700167001H1 SATMON013 g18819 BLASTN 319 1e−48 77
    531 4116 700169123H1 SATMON013 g18819 BLASTN 214 1e−32 76
    532 4116 700172257H1 SATMON013 g18819 BLASTN 290 1e−44 76
    533 4116 700208410H1 SATMON016 g18819 BLASTN 126 1e−21 78
    534 4116 700214491H1 SATMON016 g18819 BLASTN 144 1e−22 75
    535 4116 700217884H1 SATMON016 g18819 BLASTN 287 1e−43 78
    536 4116 700218119H1 SATMON016 g18819 BLASTN 336 1e−50 77
    537 4116 700220941H1 SATMON011 g18819 BLASTN 262 1e−39 75
    538 4116 700221214H1 SATMON011 g18819 BLASTN 245 1e−45 77
    539 4116 700223354H1 SATMON011 g18819 BLASTN 325 1e−49 78
    540 4116 700239456H1 SATMON010 g18819 BLASTN 328 1e−49 70
    541 4116 700332271H1 SATMON019 g18819 BLASTN 371 1e−55 78
    542 4116 700334087H1 SATMON019 g18819 BLASTN 267 1e−48 75
    543 4116 700334247H1 SATMON019 g18819 BLASTN 207 1e−31 77
    544 4116 700348818H1 SATMON023 g18819 BLASTN 354 1e−53 77
    545 4116 700350932H1 SATMON023 g18819 BLASTN 199 1e−42 64
    546 4116 700352473H1 SATMON023 g18819 BLASTN 256 1e−38 65
    547 4116 700553074H1 SATMON022 g18819 BLASTN 86 1e−26 67
    548 4116 700553178H1 SATMON022 g18819 BLASTN 202 1e−36 73
    549 4116 700571301H1 SATMON030 g18819 BLASTN 326 1e−55 60
    550 4116 700614281H1 SATMON033 g18819 BLASTN 142 1e−53 69
    551 4116 701165130H1 SATMONN04 g18819 BLASTN 230 1e−39 73
    552 4116 LIB143-010- LIB143 g18819 BLASTN 365 1e−82 71
    Q1-E1-B7
    553 4116 LIB3062-039- LIB3062 g18819 BLASTN 373 1e−75 71
    Q1-K1-A5
    554 4116 LIB3069-020- LIB3069 g18819 BLASTN 265 1e−63 51
    Q1-K1-E12
    555 4334 LIB3062-030- LIB3062 g18819 BLASTN 93 1e−35 66
    Q1-K1-A5
    556 452 700045837H1 SATMON004 g2582645 BLASTN 203 1e−30 77
    557 452 700083915H1 SATMON011 g2582645 BLASTN 221 1e−45 79
    558 452 700096028H1 SATMON008 g2582645 BLASTN 207 1e−34 73
    559 452 700156370H1 SATMON007 g2582645 BLASTN 214 1e−45 77
    560 452 700203270H1 SATMON003 g2582643 BLASTN 218 1e−47 75
    561 452 700203527H1 SATMON003 g2582645 BLASTN 182 1e−29 82
    562 452 700218584H1 SATMON011 g2582645 BLASTN 111 1e−19 81
    563 452 700334194H1 SATMON019 g2582645 BLASTN 168 1e−25 76
    564 452 700351576H1 SATMON023 g2582645 BLASTN 138 1e−37 70
    565 452 700378354H1 SATMON019 g2582643 BLASTN 212 1e−42 72
    566 452 700429589H1 SATMONN01 g2582645 BLASTN 120 1e−18 79
    567 452 700441669H1 SATMON026 g2582645 BLASTN 220 1e−35 78
    568 452 700442551H1 SATMON026 g2582645 BLASTN 214 1e−35 74
    569 452 700442588H1 SATMON026 g2582645 BLASTN 208 1e−31 73
    570 452 700474743H1 SATMON025 g2582645 BLASTN 127 1e−27 63
    571 452 700475070H1 SATMON025 g2582645 BLASTN 211 1e−31 76
    572 452 700475920H1 SATMON025 g2582645 BLASTN 123 1e−40 76
    573 452 700622239H1 SATMON034 g2582645 BLASTN 214 1e−45 76
    574 452 700801114H1 SATMON036 g2582645 BLASTN 198 1e−29 81
    575 452 700801146H1 SATMON036 g2582645 BLASTN 160 1e−24 71
    576 452 701185466H1 SATMONN06 g2582645 BLASTN 177 1e−26 72
    577 452 LIB143-023- LIB143 g2582643 BLASTN 208 1e−51 58
    Q1-E1-A7
    578 4605 700345737H1 SATMON021 g1001957 BLASTN 84 1e−17 40
    579 4959 700029702H1 SATMON003 g2738449 BLASTN 124 1e−19 38
    580 4959 700030133H1 SATMON003 g2738449 BLASTN 125 1e−19 36
    581 4959 700159379H1 SATMON012 g2738449 BLASTN 114 1e−17 44
    582 4959 700215552H1 SATMON016 g2738449 BLASTN 112 1e−17 44
    583 4959 700235857H1 SATMON010 g2738449 BLASTN 124 1e−19 38
    584 4959 700548858H1 SATMON022 g2738449 BLASTN 117 1e−18 43
    585 5352 700094269H1 SATMON008 g2708744 BLASTN 278 1e−40 49
    586 7136 700801832H1 SATMON036 g732811 BLASTN 77 1e−26 76
    587 7136 700803283H1 SATMON036 g732811 BLASTN 77 1e−26 76
    588 7965 700202917H1 SATMON003 g558543 BLASTN 120 1e−18 61
    589 8800 700549224H1 SATMON022 g1707154 BLASTN 77 1e−18 54
    590 8800 700549324H1 SATMON022 g1707154 BLASTN 78 1e−19 56
    591 8895 700215423H1 SATMON016 g1871192 BLASTN 134 1e−27 53
    592 8895 700265383H1 SATMON017 g1871192 BLASTN 84 1e−20 44
    593 8929 700161625H1 SATMON012 g2582645 BLASTN 130 1e−20 78
    594 8929 700433751H1 SATMONN01 g2582643 BLASTN 131 1e−20 64
    595 8929 LIB3062-044- LIB3062 g2582644 BLASTN 534 1e−43 75
    Q1-K1-A11
    596 9711 700142473H1 SATMON012 g2982466 BLASTN 131 1e−20 48
    MAIZE OTHER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    597 -700019575 700019575H1 SATMON001 g1183866 BLASTN 177 1e−32 81
    598 -700019871 700019871H1 SATMON001 g1370276 BLASTN 122 1e−18 48
    599 -700020149 700020149H1 SATMON001 g786426 BLASTN 184 1e−27 90
    600 -700021543 700021543H1 SATMON001 g671868 BLASTN 114 1e−17 91
    601 -700026214 700026214H1 SATMON003 g21634 BLASTN 234 1e−08 93
    602 -700026342 700026342H1 SATMON003 g1946264 BLASTN 730 1e−52 86
    603 -700026663 700026663H1 SATMON003 g19490 BLASTN 166 1e−25 56
    604 -700026811 700026811H1 SATMON003 g2338034 BLASTN 46 1e−17 39
    605 -700027164 700027164H1 SATMON003 g2145358 BLASTN 136 1e−36 65
    606 -700027449 700027449H1 SATMON003 g1002796 BLASTN 98 1e−18 76
    607 -700028188 700028188H1 SATMON003 g2145358 BLASTN 161 1e−40 68
    608 -700028533 700028533H1 SATMON003 g556408 BLASTN 1062 1e−79 85
    609 -700046037 700046037H1 SATMON004 g22614 BLASTN 287 1e−13 74
    610 -700049432 700049432H1 SATMON003 g1420923 BLASTN 381 1e−44 76
    611 -700049692 700049692H1 SATMON003 g1430846 BLASTN 114 1e−19 56
    612 -700050495 700050495H1 SATMON003 g996020 BLASTN 112 1e−20 65
    613 -700051531 700051531H1 SATMON003 g2245390 BLASTN 192 1e−39 66
    614 -700052158 700052158H1 SATMON003 g1002800 BLASTN 130 1e−28 80
    615 -700053658 700053658H1 SATMON010 g556557 BLASTN 825 1e−59 86
    616 -700075928 700075928H1 SATMON007 g2104685 BLASTN 172 1e−25 67
    617 -700076670 700076670H1 SATMON007 g2826882 BLASTN 129 1e−21 54
    618 -700082219 700082219H1 SATMON011 g2062176 BLASTN 177 1e−26 61
    619 -700082978 700082978H1 SATMON011 g2104678 BLASTN 806 1e−58 75
    620 -700083837 700083837H1 SATMON011 g2398532 BLASTN 686 1e−48 76
    621 -700084491 700084491H1 SATMON011 g940880 BLASTN 360 1e−19 84
    622 -700084907 700084907H1 SATMON011 g2104678 BLASTN 335 1e−36 76
    623 -700084920 700084920H1 SATMON011 g1183865 BLASTN 259 1e−10 74
    624 -700085504 700085504H1 SATMON011 g2914703 BLASTN 313 1e−45 56
    625 -700086685 700086685H1 SATMON011 g1749546 BLASTN 117 1e−27 53
    626 -700090877 700090877H1 SATMON011 g1666172 BLASTN 241 1e−09 73
    627 -700092059 700092059H1 SATMON008 g671867 BLASTN 194 1e−29 80
    628 -700093458 700093458H1 SATMON008 g2104679 BLASTN 124 1e−19 42
    629 -700093517 700093517H1 SATMON008 g841308 BLASTN 90 1e−20 53
    630 -700095187 700095187H1 SATMON008 g2145358 BLASTN 107 1e−29 65
    631 -700095891 700095891H1 SATMON008 g2565210 BLASTN 129 1e−19 30
    632 -700095949 700095949H1 SATMON008 g556557 BLASTN 230 1e−10 79
    633 -700099947 700099947H1 SATMON009 g214819 BLASTN 90 1e−26 40
    634 -700101582 700101582H1 SATMON009 g218338 BLASTN 278 1e−40 85
    635 -700102210 700102210H1 SATMON010 g19491 BLASTN 565 1e−38 74
    636 -700102430 700102430H1 SATMON010 g1946264 BLASTN 638 1e−44 85
    637 -700103072 700103072H1 SATMON010 g928967 BLASTN 131 1e−37 83
    638 -700104061 700104061H1 SATMON010 g556557 BLASTN 698 1e−85 83
    639 -700106380 700106380H1 SATMON010 g556409 BLASTN 112 1e−17 88
    640 -700106429 700106429H1 SATMON010 g2160167 BLASTN 168 1e−25 85
    641 -700106570 700106570H1 SATMON010 g2104678 BLASTN 490 1e−30 76
    642 -700150553 700150553H1 SATMON007 g2462081 BLASTN 226 1e−39 62
    643 -700151146 700151146H1 SATMON007 g402685 BLASTN 217 1e−31 56
    644 -700151452 700151452H1 SATMON007 g786426 BLASTN 142 1e−21 86
    645 -700152353 700152353H1 SATMON007 g22194 BLASTN 948 1e−79 97
    646 -700152414 700152414H1 SATMON007 g2244754 BLASTN 110 1e−18 52
    647 -700154561 700154561H1 SATMON007 g22379 BLASTN 462 1e−29 93
    648 -700159416 700159416H1 SATMON012 g786426 BLASTN 86 1e−19 66
    649 -700161183 700161183H1 SATMON012 g2735839 BLASTN 199 1e−09 90
    650 -700161669 700161669H1 SATMON012 g309567 BLASTN 251 1e−10 78
    651 -700163369 700163369H1 SATMON013 g2735764 BLASTN 126 1e−19 44
    652 -700164247 700164247H1 SATMON013 g2145357 BLASTN 393 1e−32 70
    653 -700165604 700165604H1 SATMON013 g2997755 BLASTN 127 1e−19 52
    654 -700165931 700165931H1 SATMON013 g1420923 BLASTN 310 1e−24 85
    655 -700166173 700166173H1 SATMON013 g2196465 BLASTN 430 1e−25 63
    656 -700167056 700167056H1 SATMON013 g2062176 BLASTN 160 1e−25 76
    657 -700172749 700172749H1 SATMON013 g1747309 BLASTN 308 1e−26 71
    658 -700193495 700193495H1 SATMON014 g939780 BLASTN 463 1e−29 74
    659 -700194164 700194164H1 SATMON014 g1931638 BLASTN 109 1e−17 63
    660 -700194641 700194641H1 SATMON014 g854644 BLASTN 258 1e−10 86
    661 -700204208 700204208H1 SATMON003 g1946264 BLASTN 535 1e−44 78
    662 -700206189 700206189H1 SATMON003 g1420924 BLASTN 66 1e−17 38
    663 -700209275 700209275H1 SATMON016 g293905 BLASTN 1320 1e−101 97
    664 -700211270 700211270H1 SATMON016 g1945280 BLASTN 563 1e−38 83
    665 -700213420 700213420H1 SATMON016 g19259 BLASTN 608 1e−41 78
    666 -700213841 700213841H1 SATMON016 g945086 BLASTN 726 1e−51 78
    667 -700214202 700214202H1 SATMON016 g556558 BLASTN 92 1e−20 82
    668 -700215932 700215932H1 SATMON016 g1707009 BLASTN 256 1e−39 62
    669 -700216577 700216577H1 SATMON016 g2245389 BLASTN 432 1e−25 77
    670 -700217072 700217072H1 SATMON016 g791055 BLASTN 197 1e−30 56
    671 -700219211 700219211H1 SATMON011 g1183866 BLASTN 176 1e−33 61
    672 -700219745 700219745H1 SATMON011 g1945282 BLASTN 610 1e−42 73
    673 -700219809 700219809H1 SATMON011 g2145357 BLASTN 325 1e−45 81
    674 -700222781 700222781H1 SATMON011 g217859 BLASTN 236 1e−40 72
    675 -700224788 700224788H1 SATMON011 g2104678 BLASTN 572 1e−38 72
    676 -700235952 700235952H1 SATMON010 g1420923 BLASTN 253 1e−10 88
    677 -700237358 700237358H1 SATMON010 g786426 BLASTN 77 1e−18 59
    678 -700237443 700237443H1 SATMON010 g19058 BLASTN 500 1e−32 80
    679 -700237893 700237893H1 SATMON010 g2865393 BLASTN 1321 1e−101 99
    680 -700237918 700237918H1 SATMON010 g2832408 BLASTN 205 1e−39 73
    681 -700241453 700241453H1 SATMON010 g19058 BLASTN 447 1e−27 76
    682 -700241496 700241496H1 SATMON010 g1905943 BLASTN 290 1e−13 80
    683 -700241508 700241508H1 SATMON010 g556557 BLASTN 361 1e−19 84
    684 -700241792 700241792H1 SATMON010 g2443887 BLASTN 150 1e−28 51
    685 -700242839 700242839H1 SATMON010 g19051 BLASTN 101 1e−25 84
    686 -700243864 700243864H1 SATMON010 g1946264 BLASTN 496 1e−32 90
    687 -700258740 700258740H1 SATMON017 g940880 BLASTN 491 1e−75 88
    688 -700262211 700262211H1 SATMON017 g1171428 BLASTN 276 1e−25 75
    689 -700262747 700262747H1 SATMON017 g2104679 BLASTN 156 1e−23 77
    690 -700263302 700263302H1 SATMON017 g940880 BLASTN 316 1e−19 82
    691 -700264860 700264860H1 SATMON017 g1209099 BLASTN 125 1e−28 70
    692 -700265919 700265919H1 SATMON017 g886400 BLASTN 443 1e−26 74
    693 -700268135 700268135H1 SATMON017 g940880 BLASTN 325 1e−17 83
    694 -700281960 700281960H2 SATMON021 g22379 BLASTN 1474 1e−114 93
    695 -700332162 700332162H1 SATMON019 g2735764 BLASTN 120 1e−22 74
    696 -700336375 700336375H1 SATMON019 g307512 BLASTN 116 1e−17 57
    697 -700337421 700337421H1 SATMON020 g22192 BLASTN 373 1e−20 78
    698 -700343163 700343163H1 SATMON021 g2673911 BLASTN 93 1e−27 64
    699 -700344051 700344051H1 SATMON021 g2196465 BLASTN 356 1e−19 71
    700 -700345378 700345378H1 SATMON021 g2460124 BLASTN 120 1e−20 67
    701 -700350143 700350143H1 SATMON023 g1905933 BLASTN 521 1e−62 92
    702 -700350565 700350565H1 SATMON023 g854644 BLASTN 369 1e−55 96
    703 -700351026 700351026H1 SATMON023 g2145358 BLASTN 190 1e−41 81
    704 -700355409 700355409H1 SATMON024 g2088643 BLASTN 106 1e−20 59
    705 -700356229 700356229H1 SATMON024 g939780 BLASTN 377 1e−54 96
    706 -700383190 700383190H1 SATMON024 g886400 BLASTN 864 1e−63 85
    707 -700397574 700397574H1 SATMONN01 g786426 BLASTN 155 1e−23 61
    708 -700421862 700421862H1 SATMONN01 g2443887 BLASTN 100 1e−18 35
    709 -700422263 700422263H1 SATMONN01 g1931638 BLASTN 142 1e−21 70
    710 -700422519 700422519H1 SATMONN01 g2832406 BLASTN 196 1e−29 59
    711 -700438102 700438102H1 SATMON026 g945086 BLASTN 205 1e−16 78
    712 -700438243 700438243H1 SATMON026 g290057 BLASTN 107 1e−29 90
    713 -700439444 700439444H1 SATMON026 g2062176 BLASTN 253 1e−37 72
    714 -700441743 700441743H1 SATMON026 g2398533 BLASTN 92 1e−39 76
    715 -700445068 700445068H1 SATMON027 g2245059 BLASTN 248 1e−38 66
    716 -700445278 700445278H1 SATMON027 g1658504 BLASTN 128 1e−19 58
    717 -700445763 700445763H1 SATMON027 g2623247 BLASTN 375 1e−20 94
    718 -700450354 700450354H1 SATMON028 g1946266 BLASTN 450 1e−27 74
    719 -700450456 700450456H1 SATMON028 g939784 BLASTN 307 1e−14 91
    720 -700450661 700450661H1 SATMON028 g22379 BLASTN 344 1e−19 82
    721 -700452911 700452911H1 SATMON028 g19490 BLASTN 114 1e−17 50
    722 -700454133 700454133H1 SATMON029 g497895 BLASTN 145 1e−21 69
    723 -700455972 700455972H1 SATMON029 g1109830 BLASTN 148 1e−22 45
    724 -700456486 700456486H1 SATMON029 g662931 BLASTN 442 1e−26 72
    725 -700457355 700457355H1 SATMON029 g2997755 BLASTN 155 1e−23 53
    726 -700458137 700458137H1 SATMON029 g556557 BLASTN 222 1e−40 89
    727 -700468802 700468802H1 SATMON025 g2104683 BLASTN 92 1e−20 42
    728 -700471323 700471323H1 SATMON025 g2264318 BLASTN 362 1e−19 77
    729 -700474747 700474747H1 SATMON025 g2735839 BLASTN 711 1e−72 93
    730 -700475624 700475624H1 SATMON025 g2245390 BLASTN 104 1e−33 71
    731 -700476829 700476829H1 SATMON025 g712839 BLASTN 102 1e−17 50
    732 -700477049 700477049H1 SATMON025 g1109830 BLASTN 191 1e−38 59
    733 -700479575 700479575H1 SATMON034 g19260 BLASTN 122 1e−18 54
    734 -700550479 700550479H1 SATMON022 g2257568 BLASTN 200 1e−29 51
    735 -700551414 700551414H1 SATMON022 g2245390 BLASTN 109 1e−25 57
    736 -700551996 700551996H1 SATMON022 g2735839 BLASTN 969 1e−82 89
    737 -700570447 700570447H1 SATMON030 g1334687 BLASTN 112 1e−23 42
    738 -700573073 700573073H1 SATMON030 g2104679 BLASTN 140 1e−21 53
    739 -700574093 700574093H1 SATMON030 g786426 BLASTN 136 1e−29 66
    740 -700574149 700574149H1 SATMON030 g786426 BLASTN 249 1e−36 77
    741 -700574493 700574493H1 SATMON030 g1666172 BLASTN 667 1e−46 76
    742 -700576385 700576385H1 SATMON030 g2062176 BLASTN 91 1e−20 46
    743 -700576923 700576923H1 SATMON031 g2094855 BLASTN 435 1e−27 66
    744 -700577328 700577328H1 SATMON031 g1732512 BLASTN 474 1e−29 68
    745 -700578519 700578519H1 SATMON031 g2460124 BLASTN 80 1e−18 44
    746 -700581676 700581676H1 SATMON031 g2104678 BLASTN 604 1e−41 72
    747 -700611554 700611554H1 SATMON022 g19492 BLASTN 133 1e−24 86
    748 -700613059 700613059H1 SATMON033 g2623247 BLASTN 282 1e−28 91
    749 -700613368 700613368H1 SATMON033 g1244707 BLASTN 252 1e−12 67
    750 -700616291 700616291H1 SATMON033 g2791686 BLASTN 94 1e−31 75
    751 -700616301 700616301H1 SATMON033 g500716 BLASTN 88 1e−21 40
    752 -700618172 700618172H1 SATMON033 g2826884 BLASTN 92 1e−20 65
    753 -700621627 700621627H1 SATMON034 g928940 BLASTN 261 1e−29 79
    754 -700622876 700622876H1 SATMON034 g556558 BLASTN 85 1e−18 73
    755 -700801070 700801070H1 SATMON036 g1232130 BLASTN 184 1e−34 67
    756 -700801770 700801770H1 SATMON036 g2735839 BLASTN 610 1e−77 89
    757 -700805033 700805033H1 SATMON036 g2245059 BLASTN 222 1e−34 71
    758 -700807208 700807208H1 SATMON036 g940880 BLASTN 249 1e−09 66
    759 -701158984 701158984H2 SATMONN04 g2245390 BLASTN 117 1e−18 79
    760 -701160396 701160396H1 SATMONN04 g1017722 BLASTN 137 1e−20 39
    761 -701162944 701162944H1 SATMONN04 g2104680 BLASTN 322 1e−16 76
    762 -701163605 701163605H1 SATMONN04 g945087 BLASTN 118 1e−18 74
    763 -701163909 701163909H1 SATMONN04 g945087 BLASTN 106 1e−26 74
    764 -701164109 701164109H1 SATMONN04 g945087 BLASTN 181 1e−27 69
    765 -701166305 701166305H1 SATMONN04 g791053 BLASTN 120 1e−19 68
    766 -701166764 701166764H1 SATMONN04 g786426 BLASTN 89 1e−17 59
    767 -701166991 701166991H1 SATMONN04 g786426 BLASTN 81 1e−19 43
    768 -701167666 701167666H1 SATMONN05 g2735839 BLASTN 322 1e−16 60
    769 -701169152 701169152H1 SATMONN05 g1838975 BLASTN 442 1e−26 69
    770 -701176332 701176332H1 SATMONN05 g2865393 BLASTN 893 1e−98 95
    771 -701176532 701176532H1 SATMONN05 g1946266 BLASTN 596 1e−40 73
    772 -701177470 701177470H1 SATMONN05 g786426 BLASTN 160 1e−33 72
    773 -701178415 701178415H1 SATMONN05 g1663706 BLASTN 119 1e−18 45
    774 -701181844 701181844H1 SATMONN06 g309567 BLASTN 261 1e−17 73
    775 -701182022 701182022H1 SATMONN06 g2735839 BLASTN 804 1e−73 94
    776 10841 700354175H1 SATMON024 g886400 BLASTN 608 1e−41 85
    777 11048 700091161H1 SATMON011 g22379 BLASTN 815 1e−118 99
    778 11048 700094225H1 SATMON008 g22379 BLASTN 1254 1e−96 94
    779 11048 LIB3066-048- LIB3066 g22379 BLASTN 1336 1e−140 96
    Q1-K1-B3
    780 1132 700016293H1 SATMON001 g2104681 BLASTN 149 1e−21 72
    781 1132 700030344H1 SATMON003 g2104681 BLASTN 149 1e−22 72
    782 1132 700044121H1 SATMON004 g2245037 BLASTN 80 1e−20 80
    783 1132 700074952H1 SATMON007 g2104680 BLASTN 261 1e−10 67
    784 1132 700083435H1 SATMON011 g2104681 BLASTN 178 1e−31 69
    785 1132 700086305H1 SATMON011 g2104681 BLASTN 149 1e−21 72
    786 1132 700086644H1 SATMON011 g2245037 BLASTN 82 1e−20 78
    787 1132 700086711H1 SATMON011 g2104681 BLASTN 103 1e−21 68
    788 1132 700087425H1 SATMON011 g2104681 BLASTN 149 1e−22 72
    789 1132 700090989H1 SATMON011 g2104681 BLASTN 116 1e−17 75
    790 1132 700154203H1 SATMON007 g2245037 BLASTN 117 1e−19 62
    791 1132 700154842H1 SATMON007 g2104681 BLASTN 116 1e−19 72
    792 1132 700158381H1 SATMON012 g2104681 BLASTN 105 1e−18 69
    793 1132 700202205H1 SATMON003 g2104681 BLASTN 133 1e−26 55
    794 1132 700212439H1 SATMON016 g2104681 BLASTN 157 1e−22 73
    795 1132 700214363H1 SATMON016 g2104681 BLASTN 149 1e−21 72
    796 1132 700218135H1 SATMON016 g2104681 BLASTN 99 1e−21 71
    797 1132 700218926H1 SATMON011 g2104681 BLASTN 176 1e−30 68
    798 1132 700218975H1 SATMON011 g2104680 BLASTN 256 1e−12 70
    799 1132 700220843H1 SATMON011 g2104681 BLASTN 149 1e−21 72
    800 1132 700332959H1 SATMON019 g2104681 BLASTN 162 1e−27 65
    801 1132 700341508H1 SATMON020 g2104681 BLASTN 104 1e−21 72
    802 1132 700342724H1 SATMON021 g2104681 BLASTN 99 1e−21 71
    803 1132 700379133H1 SATMON020 g2104681 BLASTN 181 1e−27 67
    804 1132 700379623H1 SATMON021 g2104681 BLASTN 204 1e−35 68
    805 1132 700381233H1 SATMON023 g2104681 BLASTN 178 1e−30 68
    806 1132 700428163H1 SATMONN01 g2104681 BLASTN 158 1e−28 56
    807 1132 700550895H1 SATMON022 g2104681 BLASTN 149 1e−21 72
    808 1132 700571669H1 SATMON030 g2104680 BLASTN 243 1e−09 68
    809 1132 701172936H2 SATMONN05 g2104680 BLASTN 286 1e−12 62
    810 1132 LIB143-012- LIB143 g2104681 BLASTN 149 1e−37 72
    Q1-E1-C3
    811 1132 LIB143-040- LIB143 g2104681 BLASTN 161 1e−45 70
    Q1-E1-H12
    812 1132 LIB143-051- LIB143 g2104681 BLASTN 94 1e−44 68
    Q1-E1-F1
    813 1132 LIB3059-053- LIB3059 g2104680 BLASTN 255 1e−17 76
    Q1-K1-C9
    814 1132 LIB84-017- LIB84 g2104681 BLASTN 143 1e−37 70
    Q1-E1-A12
    815 11643 700150626H1 SATMON007 g556408 BLASTN 520 1e−34 74
    816 11643 700379992H1 SATMON021 g556409 BLASTN 96 1e−21 60
    817 11643 700447471H1 SATMON027 g556409 BLASTN 221 1e−37 79
    818 11643 700578312H1 SATMON031 g556409 BLASTN 201 1e−31 85
    819 11643 700578412H1 SATMON031 g556409 BLASTN 190 1e−31 85
    820 11643 700579885H1 SATMON031 g556409 BLASTN 182 1e−32 71
    821 11643 LIB3078-052- LIB3078 g556408 BLASTN 456 1e−26 71
    Q1-K1-G4
    822 11816 700153106H1 SATMON007 g458966 BLASTN 192 1e−28 80
    823 11816 LIB3060-035- LIB3060 g458966 BLASTN 374 1e−72 57
    Q1-K1-C12
    824 11817 700082505H1 SATMON011 g2735839 BLASTN 577 1e−64 87
    825 11817 700804825H1 SATMON036 g2735839 BLASTN 437 1e−33 96
    826 11817 701186081H1 SATMONN06 g2735839 BLASTN 993 1e−83 96
    827 11817 LIB3062-043- LIB3062 g2735839 BLASTN 971 1e−147 95
    Q1-K1-C6
    828 11912 700029540H1 SATMON003 g945086 BLASTN 385 1e−47 86
    829 11912 700088190H1 SATMON011 g945086 BLASTN 638 1e−44 85
    830 11912 700202293H1 SATMON003 g945087 BLASTN 162 1e−24 75
    831 11912 700238151H1 SATMON010 g945086 BLASTN 259 1e−10 81
    832 11912 700333803H1 SATMON019 g945086 BLASTN 276 1e−28 80
    833 11912 700349774H1 SATMON023 g945086 BLASTN 635 1e−44 85
    834 11912 700622017H1 SATMON034 g945086 BLASTN 499 1e−38 85
    835 11912 700622588H1 SATMON034 g945086 BLASTN 776 1e−59 84
    836 11912 700799161H1 SATMON036 g945086 BLASTN 486 1e−40 84
    837 11964 LIB83-016- LIB83 g2961085 BLASTN 248 1e−52 48
    Q1-E1-E1
    838 12088 700089512H1 SATMON011 g2826884 BLASTN 94 1e−22 56
    839 12088 700467762H1 SATMON025 g2826884 BLASTN 94 1e−22 56
    840 12088 700469512H1 SATMON025 g2826884 BLASTN 86 1e−20 50
    841 12088 LIB3067-001- LIB3067 g1429226 BLASTN 69 1e−33 55
    Q1-K1-D2
    842 1213 700331889H1 SATMON019 g291504 BLASTN 44 1e−17 47
    843 12161 700168246H1 SATMON013 g2145358 BLASTN 291 1e−42 72
    844 12374 700171613H1 SATMON013 g2894561 BLASTN 212 1e−33 69
    845 12374 700171646H1 SATMON013 g2894563 BLASTN 209 1e−32 64
    846 12374 700441607H1 SATMON026 g2894563 BLASTN 211 1e−33 55
    847 12389 700345009H1 SATMON021 g1905933 BLASTN 698 1e−49 84
    848 12389 700345457H1 SATMON021 g939780 BLASTN 321 1e−38 86
    849 12389 700347055H1 SATMON021 g939784 BLASTN 714 1e−50 85
    850 12389 700452517H1 SATMON028 g939784 BLASTN 731 1e−52 83
    851 12389 700468216H1 SATMON025 g939780 BLASTN 558 1e−37 83
    852 12389 700552743H1 SATMON022 g939784 BLASTN 656 1e−45 86
    853 12389 LIB3062-026- LIB3062 g939780 BLASTN 308 1e−32 85
    Q1-K1-F3
    854 12389 LIB3069-036- LIB3069 g1905943 BLASTN 289 1e−13 76
    Q1-K1-H9
    855 1281 700438124H1 SATMON026 g791055 BLASTN 131 1e−24 41
    856 1281 700438323H1 SATMON026 g1345437 BLASTN 70 1e−18 51
    857 1281 700438324H1 SATMON026 g1345404 BLASTN 120 1e−21 46
    858 13064 700220312H1 SATMON011 g2511745 BLASTN 174 1e−31 59
    859 13064 700476055H1 SATMON025 g2511745 BLASTN 165 1e−24 58
    860 13159 700215689H1 SATMON016 g2921823 BLASTN 196 1e−28 73
    861 13159 700222611H1 SATMON011 g2921823 BLASTN 180 1e−26 70
    862 13506 700258514H1 SATMON017 g458966 BLASTN 124 1e−18 59
    863 13506 700550058H1 SATMON022 g458966 BLASTN 167 1e−31 55
    864 13583 700240501H1 SATMON010 g2160155 BLASTN 280 1e−24 66
    865 13583 700334013H1 SATMON019 g1747309 BLASTN 304 1e−35 68
    866 13583 700464860H1 SATMON025 g2160155 BLASTN 247 1e−18 74
    867 13719 700019216H1 SATMON001 g1666172 BLASTN 457 1e−29 78
    868 13719 700027811H1 SATMON003 g1666172 BLASTN 631 1e−43 76
    869 13719 700085319H1 SATMON011 g1666172 BLASTN 827 1e−60 77
    870 13719 700091978H1 SATMON011 g1666172 BLASTN 776 1e−56 76
    871 13719 700105364H1 SATMON010 g1666172 BLASTN 763 1e−55 76
    872 13719 700166474H1 SATMON013 g1666172 BLASTN 465 1e−30 77
    873 13719 700169668H1 SATMON013 g1666172 BLASTN 421 1e−25 77
    874 13719 700205083H1 SATMON003 g1666172 BLASTN 732 1e−52 72
    875 13719 700217819H1 SATMON016 g1666172 BLASTN 580 1e−39 78
    876 13719 700261364H1 SATMON017 g1666172 BLASTN 596 1e−41 78
    877 13719 700337547H1 SATMON020 g1666172 BLASTN 637 1e−44 77
    878 13719 700351584H1 SATMON023 g1666173 BLASTN 136 1e−21 89
    879 13719 700456150H1 SATMON029 g1666172 BLASTN 315 1e−20 78
    880 13719 700569667H1 SATMON030 g2982299 BLASTN 127 1e−20 50
    881 13719 700617352H1 SATMON033 g2982299 BLASTN 190 1e−29 78
    882 13719 700619290H1 SATMON034 g1666172 BLASTN 414 1e−23 76
    883 13719 700621490H1 SATMON034 g1666172 BLASTN 805 1e−58 78
    884 13719 700703945H1 SATMON036 g2982299 BLASTN 190 1e−29 78
    885 13719 LIB143-003- LIB143 g2982299 BLASTN 244 1e−53 65
    Q1-E1-F9
    886 13719 LIB3068-006- LIB3068 g1666172 BLASTN 787 1e−57 72
    Q1-K1-C8
    887 13719 LIB36-022- LIB36 g1666172 BLASTN 778 1e−55 72
    Q1-E1-A4
    888 1376 700020470H1 SATMON001 g1666172 BLASTN 320 1e−17 77
    889 1376 700025761H1 SATMON003 g1666172 BLASTN 507 1e−33 76
    890 1376 700028245H1 SATMON003 g2982298 BLASTN 717 1e−51 78
    891 1376 700043653H1 SATMON004 g1666172 BLASTN 701 1e−49 80
    892 1376 700046208H1 SATMON004 g1666172 BLASTN 476 1e−30 79
    893 1376 700072365H1 SATMON007 g1666172 BLASTN 629 1e−43 80
    894 1376 700075933H1 SATMON007 g1666172 BLASTN 645 1e−45 78
    895 1376 700084617H1 SATMON011 g2982298 BLASTN 610 1e−46 76
    896 1376 700092634H1 SATMON008 g1666172 BLASTN 835 1e−61 79
    897 1376 700092836H1 SATMON008 g1666172 BLASTN 863 1e−63 79
    898 1376 700092927H1 SATMON008 g1666172 BLASTN 909 1e−67 79
    899 1376 700094657H1 SATMON008 g1666172 BLASTN 771 1e−55 80
    900 1376 700096443H1 SATMON008 g1666172 BLASTN 493 1e−32 81
    901 1376 700098804H1 SATMON009 g1666172 BLASTN 715 1e−51 76
    902 1376 700100004H1 SATMON009 g1666172 BLASTN 692 1e−49 78
    903 1376 700102738H1 SATMON010 g2982298 BLASTN 598 1e−41 74
    904 1376 700157167H1 SATMON012 g2982298 BLASTN 374 1e−25 72
    905 1376 700160622H1 SATMON012 g1666172 BLASTN 647 1e−45 76
    906 1376 700160771H1 SATMON012 g2982298 BLASTN 649 1e−45 76
    907 1376 700167008H1 SATMON013 g2982298 BLASTN 534 1e−35 73
    908 1376 700167594H1 SATMON013 g1666172 BLASTN 501 1e−33 78
    909 1376 700202914H1 SATMON003 g1666172 BLASTN 165 1e−08 79
    910 1376 700205538H1 SATMON003 g1666172 BLASTN 658 1e−46 76
    911 1376 700206442H1 SATMON003 g1666172 BLASTN 364 1e−19 70
    912 1376 700207388H1 SATMON016 g1666172 BLASTN 480 1e−31 77
    913 1376 700208716H1 SATMON016 g1666172 BLASTN 629 1e−43 80
    914 1376 700212157H1 SATMON016 g1666172 BLASTN 374 1e−26 81
    915 1376 700215562H1 SATMON016 g1666172 BLASTN 629 1e−43 80
    916 1376 700216355H1 SATMON016 g1666172 BLASTN 609 1e−42 79
    917 1376 700221834H1 SATMON011 g2982298 BLASTN 445 1e−31 72
    918 1376 700224896H1 SATMON011 g2982299 BLASTN 166 1e−37 84
    919 1376 700244238H1 SATMON010 g1666172 BLASTN 546 1e−36 79
    920 1376 700332668H1 SATMON019 g1666172 BLASTN 682 1e−48 75
    921 1376 700342661H1 SATMON021 g1666172 BLASTN 573 1e−39 81
    922 1376 700353090H1 SATMON024 g1666172 BLASTN 507 1e−33 79
    923 1376 700380279H1 SATMON021 g1666172 BLASTN 873 1e−64 78
    924 1376 700451362H1 SATMON028 g1666172 BLASTN 247 1e−10 73
    925 1376 700456437H1 SATMON029 g2982298 BLASTN 406 1e−31 76
    926 1376 700475487H1 SATMON025 g2982298 BLASTN 590 1e−40 72
    927 1376 700549437H1 SATMON022 g1666172 BLASTN 736 1e−52 78
    928 1376 700575656H1 SATMON030 g1666172 BLASTN 721 1e−51 75
    929 1376 700576835H1 SATMON031 g1666172 BLASTN 608 1e−42 76
    930 1376 700613990H1 SATMON033 g1666172 BLASTN 314 1e−28 75
    931 1376 700805417H1 SATMON036 g1666172 BLASTN 642 1e−50 80
    932 1376 701158424H1 SATMONN04 g1666173 BLASTN 124 1e−23 91
    933 1376 LIB143-061- LIB143 g1666172 BLASTN 522 1e−45 80
    Q1-E1-G4
    934 1376 LIB143-059- LIB143 g1666172 BLASTN 748 1e−53 79
    Q1-E1-F6
    935 1376 LIB3060-023- LIB3060 g1666172 BLASTN 252 1e−17 72
    Q1-K1-F3
    936 1376 LIB3061-005- LIB3061 g1666172 BLASTN 647 1e−52 77
    Q1-K1-G1
    937 1376 LIB3062-011- LIB3062 g2982298 BLASTN 472 1e−28 69
    Q1-K1-F6
    938 1376 LIB3067-018- LIB3067 g1666172 BLASTN 671 1e−45 77
    Q-K1-E5
    939 1376 LIB3079-001- LIB3079 g1666172 BLASTN 902 1e−66 79
    Q1-K1-E12
    940 1376 LIB3079-019- LIB3079 g1666172 BLASTN 704 1e−48 79
    Q1-K1-B12
    941 1376 LIB36-009- LIB36 g1666172 BLASTN 786 1e−56 78
    Q1-E1-H8
    942 13817 700156366H1 SATMON007 g1244508 BLASTN 166 1e−24 49
    943 13819 700208518H1 SATMON016 g19388 BLASTN 108 1e−24 76
    944 13819 700210071H1 SATMON016 g939784 BLASTN 471 1e−30 82
    945 13819 LIB3062-002- LIB3062 g939780 BLASTN 645 1e−42 83
    Q1-K2-B3
    946 13890 700282376H2 SATMON023 g1905943 BLASTN 407 1e−45 93
    947 13890 700282564H2 SATMON024 g1905943 BLASTN 500 1e−49 96
    948 13890 700349716H1 SATMON023 g939780 BLASTN 429 1e−25 76
    949 13890 LIB3059-018- LIB3059 g2463332 BLASTN 1071 1e−80 82
    Q1-K1-B7
    950 13890 LIB3067-037- LIB3067 g2286110 BLASTN 523 1e−68 83
    Q1-K1-G5
    951 13890 LIB3079-013- LIB3079 g1905929 BLASTN 1150 1e−87 86
    Q1-K1-A1
    952 13934 700351915H1 SATMON023 g2344890 BLASTN 105 1e−20 68
    953 14414 700082817H1 SATMON011 g945086 BLASTN 487 1e−30 83
    954 14414 700618843H1 SATMON034 g945086 BLASTN 237 1e−08 85
    955 14956 700150716H1 SATMON007 g556557 BLASTN 414 1e−37 73
    956 14956 700333140H1 SATMON019 g556557 BLASTN 587 1e−52 73
    957 14956 700450804H1 SATMON028 g556557 BLASTN 824 1e−59 86
    958 14956 LIB3060-042- LIB3060 g556557 BLASTN 547 1e−65 76
    Q1-K1-D12
    959 15036 700104914H1 SATMON010 g22379 BLASTN 412 1e−61 77
    960 15036 700171706H1 SATMON013 g22379 BLASTN 431 1e−43 85
    961 15077 700026485H1 SATMON003 g22379 BLASTN 594 1e−62 81
    962 15077 700104944H1 SATMON010 g22379 BLASTN 807 1e−58 73
    963 15077 700549355H1 SATMON022 g22379 BLASTN 755 1e−54 72
    964 15077 700807317H1 SATMON036 g22379 BLASTN 217 1e−19 69
    965 15077 LIB3078-050- LIB3078 g22379 BLASTN 1128 1e−85 81
    Q1-K1-C8
    966 15172 700470605H1 SATMON025 g2104679 BLASTN 60 1e−18 85
    967 15338 700343807H1 SATMON021 g945086 BLASTN 849 1e−62 76
    968 15338 700346108H1 SATMON021 g945086 BLASTN 561 1e−37 73
    969 15338 700452502H1 SATMON028 g945086 BLASTN 806 1e−58 74
    970 15338 700571956H1 SATMON030 g945086 BLASTN 691 1e−48 77
    971 15338 LIB148-040- LIB148 g945086 BLASTN 570 1e−38 78
    Q1-E1-E12
    972 15438 700569108H1 SATMON030 g1946264 BLASTN 508 1e−32 71
    973 15611 700163842H1 SATMON013 g2735763 BLASTN 410 1e−24 69
    974 15611 700167876H1 SATMON013 g2735763 BLASTN 411 1e−24 64
    975 15611 700168569H1 SATMON013 g2735763 BLASTN 376 1e−21 63
    976 15611 700457705H1 SATMON029 g2735763 BLASTN 384 1e−21 62
    977 15611 701162752H1 SATMONN04 g2735764 BLASTN 164 1e−28 53
    978 15611 LIB189-005- LIB189 g2735763 BLASTN 713 1e−49 64
    Q1-E1-H10
    979 15611 LIB189-022- LIB189 g2735763 BLASTN 768 1e−53 65
    Q1-E1-A9
    980 15955 700201303H1 SATMON003 g2385410 BLASTN 139 1e−21 31
    981 15955 700219090H1 SATMON011 g2385410 BLASTN 186 1e−27 33
    982 15960 700217503H1 SATMON016 g2088643 BLASTN 178 1e−26 66
    983 16670 700093202H1 SATMON008 g292498 BLASTN 170 1e−25 78
    984 16806 700052180H1 SATMON003 g19050 BLASTN 490 1e−30 72
    985 16806 700551696H1 SATMON022 g1732513 BLASTN 132 1e−20 76
    986 16806 700575382H1 SATMON030 g19050 BLASTN 488 1e−30 69
    987 16806 LIB189-022- LIB189 g19050 BLASTN 486 1e−29 71
    Q1-E1-G3
    988 16823 700075006H1 SATMON007 g945086 BLASTN 162 1e−19 91
    989 16823 700195166H1 SATMON014 g945086 BLASTN 598 1e−67 83
    990 1685 700168578H1 SATMON013 g19050 BLASTN 914 1e−67 88
    991 1685 700168586H1 SATMON013 g19050 BLASTN 600 1e−61 91
    992 1685 700169008H1 SATMON013 g19051 BLASTN 114 1e−24 85
    993 1685 700450735H1 SATMON028 g19050 BLASTN 516 1e−66 80
    994 1685 700450862H1 SATMON028 g19050 BLASTN 782 1e−70 87
    995 1685 701177241H1 SATMONN05 g19050 BLASTN 1098 1e−82 89
    996 17026 700224747H1 SATMON011 g1109830 BLASTN 141 1e−21 49
    997 17343 700162168H1 SATMON012 g2104680 BLASTN 312 1e−15 74
    998 17343 700623376H1 SATMON034 g2104680 BLASTN 388 1e−21 73
    999 1752 700094001H1 SATMON008 g2145358 BLASTN 267 1e−41 83
    1000 1752 700166528H1 SATMON013 g2145358 BLASTN 162 1e−26 61
    1001 1752 700472134H1 SATMON025 g2145358 BLASTN 147 1e−26 69
    1002 1752 700550706H1 SATMON022 g2145358 BLASTN 206 1e−39 74
    1003 17589 700453469H1 SATMON028 g1922964 BLASTN 199 1e−33 72
    1004 17698 700170367H1 SATMON013 g19050 BLASTN 541 1e−47 87
    1005 17698 700429674H1 SATMONN01 g19050 BLASTN 529 1e−63 89
    1006 17844 700549177H1 SATMON022 g2245390 BLASTN 269 1e−39 63
    1007 17844 700611553H1 SATMON022 g2245390 BLASTN 210 1e−30 67
    1008 18145 700263654H1 SATMON017 g1107889 BLASTN 478 1e−29 61
    1009 18464 700339475H1 SATMON020 g2735839 BLASTN 477 1e−44 76
    1010 1870 LIB189-032- LIB189 g431319 BLASTN 263 1e−56 78
    Q1-E1-A3
    1011 19066 700106876H1 SATMON010 g531901 BLASTN 146 1e−22 46
    1012 19066 700424541H1 SATMONN01 g531899 BLASTN 99 1e−18 45
    1013 19066 701163554H1 SATMONN04 g531897 BLASTN 151 1e−22 46
    1014 19066 701177002H1 SATMONN05 g531897 BLASTN 148 1e−22 46
    1015 19066 LIB3067-010- LIB3067 g286023 BLASTN 151 1e−38 42
    Q1-K1-A8
    1016 19264 700466662H1 SATMON025 g2253581 BLASTN 139 1e−22 52
    1017 19289 700427948H1 SATMONN01 g2443887 BLASTN 303 1e−43 70
    1018 19289 700428162H1 SATMONN01 g2443887 BLASTN 102 1e−20 60
    1019 19289 700428194H1 SATMONN01 g2443887 BLASTN 138 1e−30 57
    1020 19406 700220084H1 SATMON011 g2435529 BLASTN 257 1e−37 55
    1021 19898 700352780H1 SATMON024 g1890351 BLASTN 443 1e−26 68
    1022 19898 700352862H1 SATMON024 g2088643 BLASTN 126 1e−19 64
    1023 19898 700354483H1 SATMON024 g1890351 BLASTN 436 1e−25 66
    1024 19898 LIB148-018- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-E1-D2
    1025 19898 LIB148-018- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 526 1e−32 67
    Q1-E1-B10
    1026 19898 LIB148-010- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 537 1e−33 68
    Q1-E1-E3
    1027 19898 LIB148-010- LIB148 g2088643 BLASTN 125 1e−54 64
    Q1-E1-B2
    1028 19898 LIB148-016- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-E1-A11
    1029 19898 LIB148-011- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 469 1e−28 66
    Q1-E1-E4
    1030 19898 LIB148-048- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 526 1e−32 67
    Q1-E1-F3
    1031 19898 LIB148-048- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 501 1e−54 67
    Q1-E1-E4
    1032 19898 LIB148-047- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-E1-B7
    1033 19898 LIB148-024- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-E1-D11
    1034 19898 LIB148-026- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 526 1e−33 67
    Q1-E1-C12
    1035 19898 LIB148-037- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-E1-B6
    1036 19898 LIB148-036- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-E1-D4
    1037 19898 LIB148-041- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 503 1e−31 67
    Q1-E1-A7
    1038 19898 LIB148-043- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 530 1e−33 67
    Q1-E1-D6
    1039 19898 LIB148-028- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-E1-F5
    1040 19898 LIB148-028- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 526 1e−32 67
    Q1-E1-B8
    1041 19898 LIB148-065- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 526 1e−32 67
    Q1-E1-H11
    1042 19898 LIB3066-007- LIB3066 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-K1-G6
    1043 19898 LIB3066-005- LIB3066 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-K1-A7
    1044 19898 LIB3066-043- LIB3066 g1890351 BLASTN 515 1e−31 69
    Q1-K1-C2
    1045 19898 LIB3066-054- LIB3066 g1890351 BLASTN 501 1e−30 66
    Q1-K1-H1
    1046 19898 LIB3066-020- LIB3066 g1890351 BLASTN 526 1e−32 67
    Q1-K1-A12
    1047 19898 LIB3066-015- LIB3066 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-K1-C5
    1048 19898 LIB3066-018- LIB3066 g1890351 BLASTN 541 1e−34 68
    Q1-K1-H6
    1049 19898 LIB3068-005- LIB3068 g1890351 BLASTN 443 1e−25 65
    Q1-K1-F11
    1050 19898 LIB3068-044- LIB3068 g1890351 BLASTN 476 1e−39 68
    Q1-K1-F11
    1051 19898 LIB3068-022- LIB3068 g1890351 BLASTN 443 1e−58 68
    Q1-K1-G12
    1052 19952 700223268H1 SATMON011 g2511745 BLASTN 76 1e−20 49
    1053 19952 700263345H1 SATMON017 g2511745 BLASTN 112 1e−24 62
    1054 19967 700209268H1 SATMON016 g1100994 BLASTN 124 1e−20 45
    1055 19967 700349581H1 SATMON023 g893288 BLASTN 102 1e−20 56
    1056 20005 LIB84-003- LIB84 g171580 BLASTN 81 1e−35 47
    Q1-E1-C7
    1057 20026 700071863H1 SATMON007 g1747310 BLASTN 213 1e−39 76
    1058 20026 700102802H1 SATMON010 g2160155 BLASTN 650 1e−45 70
    1059 20079 700164569H1 SATMON013 g556557 BLASTN 1038 1e−77 92
    1060 20079 700383195H1 SATMON024 g556557 BLASTN 616 1e−87 89
    1061 20373 700087468H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 976 1e−76 82
    1062 20373 700163648H1 SATMON013 g556559 BLASTN 867 1e−63 87
    1063 20373 700204474H1 SATMON003 g556559 BLASTN 1007 1e−75 84
    1064 20373 700223480H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 588 1e−40 83
    1065 20373 LIB3059-010- LIB3059 g556559 BLASTN 1007 1e−75 84
    Q1-K1-H6
    1066 20373 LIB3078-034- LIB3078 g556559 BLASTN 1610 1e−125 86
    Q1-K1-C10
    1067 2043 700093173H1 SATMON008 g862650 BLASTN 121 1e−18 88
    1068 2043 700336429H1 SATMON019 g862650 BLASTN 185 1e−27 85
    1069 2043 701181431H1 SATMONN06 g862650 BLASTN 148 1e−22 84
    1070 20899 700576709H1 SATMON031 g22192 BLASTN 261 1e−10 90
    1071 21007 700352793H1 SATMON024 g1707639 BLASTN 1069 1e−80 92
    1072 21007 700382758H1 SATMON024 g1707639 BLASTN 1182 1e−89 88
    1073 21484 700030486H1 SATMON003 g662930 BLASTN 97 1e−25 67
    1074 21484 700106455H1 SATMON010 g2245134 BLASTN 173 1e−34 65
    1075 21695 700473253H1 SATMON025 g2245390 BLASTN 254 1e−44 82
    1076 21970 700100994H1 SATMON009 g289614 BLASTN 50 1e−17 50
    1077 21996 700044342H1 SATMON004 g2398529 BLASTN 178 1e−27 74
    1078 21996 700268080H1 SATMON017 g2398529 BLASTN 126 1e−19 60
    1079 21996 LIB83-005- LIB83 g22379 BLASTN 890 1e−65 84
    Q1-E1-D9
    1080 22061 700028446H1 SATMON003 g2735839 BLASTN 1017 1e−99 96
    1081 22061 700196483H1 SATMON014 g2735839 BLASTN 572 1e−79 90
    1082 22182 700802849H1 SATMON036 g456213 BLASTN 526 1e−34 79
    1083 22296 700578393H1 SATMON031 g556559 BLASTN 802 1e−63 77
    1084 22296 700578493H1 SATMON031 g556559 BLASTN 1004 1e−74 86
    1085 22296 LIB3059-047- LIB3059 g556559 BLASTN 1316 1e−100 81
    Q1-K1-D8
    1086 22296 LIB3062-034- LIB3062 g556559 BLASTN 1257 1e−98 83
    Q1-K1-H3
    1087 22731 700094378H1 SATMON008 g556557 BLASTN 924 1e−68 86
    1088 22731 700170710H1 SATMON013 g556557 BLASTN 847 1e−61 85
    1089 22731 700578669H1 SATMON031 g556557 BLASTN 482 1e−43 82
    1090 22731 700805287H1 SATMON036 g556557 BLASTN 774 1e−55 84
    1091 22731 701158376H1 SATMONN04 g556557 BLASTN 695 1e−49 75
    1092 22731 LIB3060-049- LIB3060 g556557 BLASTN 1168 1e−88 76
    Q1-K1-A9
    1093 22731 LIB3062-014- LIB3062 g556557 BLASTN 1167 1e−113 84
    Q1-K1-A5
    1094 22731 LIB84-016- LIB84 g556557 BLASTN 1171 1e−88 82
    Q1-E1-B4
    1095 2297 700434680H1 SATMONN01 g2979566 BLASTN 167 1e−25 45
    1096 2297 700451738H1 SATMON028 g862644 BLASTN 139 1e−21 52
    1097 23228 701184022H1 SATMONN06 g172637 BLASTN 259 1e−11 75
    1098 23328 700029782H1 SATMON003 g2191140 BLASTN 205 1e−30 60
    1099 23328 701182619H1 SATMONN06 g2505876 BLASTN 184 1e−28 55
    1100 23328 701182651H1 SATMONN06 g2505876 BLASTN 195 1e−30 56
    1101 23697 701171068H1 SATMONN05 g2245137 BLASTN 117 1e−24 76
    1102 23923 700575127H1 SATMON030 g556409 BLASTN 170 1e−25 58
    1103 24011 LIB3067-060- LIB3067 g1244714 BLASTN 131 1e−35 41
    Q1-K1-A5
    1104 24165 700551855H1 SATMON022 g508577 BLASTN 138 1e−23 65
    1105 24165 LIB3068-025- LIB3068 g508577 BLASTN 128 1e−38 58
    Q1-K1-C7
    1106 24165 LIB3069-039- LIB3069 g1206002 BLASTN 555 1e−35 67
    Q1-K1-G10
    1107 2432 700150729H1 SATMON007 g1420923 BLASTN 250 1e−09 81
    1108 2432 700344645H1 SATMON021 g1420923 BLASTN 250 1e−09 81
    1109 2432 700551468H1 SATMON022 g1420923 BLASTN 250 1e−09 81
    1110 24344 700352172H1 SATMON023 g951171 BLASTN 774 1e−95 96
    1111 24344 LIB3059-042- LIB3059 g1167913 BLASTN 1972 1e−157 98
    Q1-K1-E7
    1112 24344 LIB3067-059- LIB3067 g951171 BLASTN 1470 1e−171 96
    Q1-K1-C4
    1113 24344 LIB3067-058- LIB3067 g951171 BLASTN 1841 1e−157 97
    Q1-K1-F6
    1114 24766 LIB3067-032- LIB3067 g508576 BLASTN 847 1e−61 75
    Q1-K1-B1
    1115 24766 LIB3067-059- LIB3067 g508576 BLASTN 720 1e−51 80
    Q1-K1-A11
    1116 24766 LIB3069-031- LIB3069 g508576 BLASTN 633 1e−42 81
    Q1-K1-H4
    1117 25149 700045930H1 SATMON004 g2826884 BLASTN 148 1e−24 50
    1118 25149 700470039H1 SATMON025 g2826884 BLASTN 167 1e−25 56
    1119 25149 LIB3059-035- LIB3059 g2826884 BLASTN 180 1e−52 57
    Q1-K1-H9
    1120 25399 700258915H1 SATMON017 g1945282 BLASTN 512 1e−33 84
    1121 25399 701165922H1 SATMONN04 g1945282 BLASTN 569 1e−41 87
    1122 25421 700018462H1 SATMON001 g945086 BLASTN 469 1e−30 74
    1123 25421 700573169H1 SATMON030 g945086 BLASTN 894 1e−65 74
    1124 25421 701164692H1 SATMONN04 g945087 BLASTN 132 1e−20 52
    1125 25421 LIB189-007- LIB189 g945086 BLASTN 940 1e−69 72
    Q1-E1-E6
    1126 26277 LIB3061-020- LIB3061 g1945282 BLASTN 1139 1e−86 77
    Q1-K1-G7
    1127 26352 LIB143-011- LIB143 g1945280 BLASTN 731 1e−60 79
    Q1-E1-B7
    1128 26352 LIB3061-045- LIB3061 g1945280 BLASTN 930 1e−68 74
    Q1-K1-A8
    1129 26465 700100432H1 SATMON009 g2702280 BLASTN 172 1e−25 89
    1130 26503 700443369H1 SATMON027 g2505876 BLASTN 80 1e−18 71
    1131 26503 LIB3060-017- LIB3060 g2505876 BLASTN 213 1e−49 74
    Q1-K1-C5
    1132 26864 700204678H1 SATMON003 g2826884 BLASTN 176 1e−27 77
    1133 26864 LIB3059-044- LIB3059 g1429226 BLASTN 203 1e−47 73
    Q1-K1-F4
    1134 27009 LIB83-013- LIB83 g2980802 BLASTN 152 1e−53 63
    Q1-E1-H1
    1135 27111 LIB3062-045- LIB3062 g945087 BLASTN 221 1e−48 87
    Q1-K1-B11
    1136 2728 700212033H1 SATMON016 g2245389 BLASTN 171 1e−09 80
    1137 27567 LIB3067-002- LIB3067 g1905943 BLASTN 591 1e−39 92
    Q1-K1-B10
    1138 27567 LIB3067-049- LIB3067 g1905943 BLASTN 294 1e−29 79
    Q1-K1-D7
    1139 27660 LIB3069-033- LIB3069 g3183617 BLASTN 243 1e−51 84
    Q1-K1-F11
    1140 27677 700332676H1 SATMON019 g2463332 BLASTN 560 1e−37 90
    1141 27677 LIB3069-009- LIB3069 g2463332 BLASTN 744 1e−51 77
    Q1-K1-H3
    1142 27677 LIB3069-020- LIB3069 g1914837 BLASTN 708 1e−48 77
    Q1-K1-H6
    1143 27687 700053756H1 SATMON011 g2104678 BLASTN 316 1e−26 70
    1144 27687 LIB3078-050- LIB3078 g2104678 BLASTN 377 1e−42 65
    Q1-K1-B6
    1145 27707 700157026H1 SATMON012 g2062176 BLASTN 174 1e−25 60
    1146 27707 LIB3078-054- LIB3078 g786425 BLASTN 384 1e−20 65
    Q1-K1-A12
    1147 27904 LIB148-063- LIB148 g1890351 BLASTN 511 1e−31 69
    Q1-E1-C7
    1148 27946 LIB143-017- LIB143 g2920839 BLASTN 424 1e−78 79
    Q1-E1-A1
    1149 28304 LIB3062-021- LIB3062 g939784 BLASTN 523 1e−36 83
    Q1-K1-F6
    1150 28304 LIB3067-031- LIB3067 g939784 BLASTN 321 1e−19 85
    Q1-K1-H5
    1151 28304 LIB3069-029- LIB3069 g939784 BLASTN 540 1e−36 84
    Q1-K1-H10
    1152 28366 LIB3062-015- LIB3062 g2642435 BLASTN 106 1e−38 66
    Q1-K1-B9
    1153 28408 700343287H1 SATMON021 g1905943 BLASTN 879 1e−64 95
    1154 28408 LIB3067-049- LIB3067 g1905943 BLASTN 895 1e−65 94
    Q1-K1-C2
    1155 28408 LIB3068-037- LIB3068 g1905943 BLASTN 1025 1e−91 95
    Q1-K1-C1
    1156 28408 LIB3068-057- LIB3068 g1905943 BLASTN 977 1e−98 93
    Q1-K1-F6
    1157 28408 LIB3068-061- LIB3068 g1905943 BLASTN 1018 1e−93 92
    Q1-K1-D4
    1158 28420 700048913H1 SATMON003 g22379 BLASTN 540 1e−55 100
    1159 28420 700208012H1 SATMON016 g22379 BLASTN 156 1e−16 99
    1160 28420 LIB3061-023- LIB3061 g22379 BLASTN 604 1e−76 98
    Q1-K1-H1
    1161 28786 700342374H1 SATMON021 g1905943 BLASTN 942 1e−72 95
    1162 28786 LIB3067-005- LIB3067 g1905943 BLASTN 1162 1e−115 95
    Q1-K1-A5
    1163 28786 LIB3067-029- LIB3067 g2286112 BLASTN 1578 1e−122 85
    Q1-K1-C1
    1164 28786 LIB3067-029- LIB3067 g2286112 BLASTN 1535 1e−119 85
    Q1-K1-D1
    1165 28786 LIB3068-043- LIB3068 g1905943 BLASTN 1082 1e−86 94
    Q1-K1-C7
    1166 28786 LIB3068-041- LIB3068 g1905943 BLASTN 1168 1e−99 90
    Q1-K1-B6
    1167 28804 700160819H1 SATMON012 g786426 BLASTN 143 1e−29 63
    1168 28804 700169331H1 SATMON013 g786426 BLASTN 143 1e−26 78
    1169 28804 700238677H1 SATMON010 g786426 BLASTN 132 1e−28 67
    1170 28804 LIB3079-002- LIB3079 g786426 BLASTN 133 1e−44 67
    Q1-K1-E9
    1171 28804 LIB83-013- LIB83 g786426 BLASTN 143 1e−51 65
    Q1-E1-E7
    1172 289 700025965H1 SATMON003 g1666172 BLASTN 733 1e−52 74
    1173 289 700074026H1 SATMON007 g1666172 BLASTN 730 1e−52 74
    1174 289 700088568H1 SATMON011 g1666172 BLASTN 680 1e−48 74
    1175 289 700102589H1 SATMON010 g1666172 BLASTN 670 1e−47 74
    1176 289 700162412H1 SATMON012 g1666172 BLASTN 536 1e−36 71
    1177 289 700163161H1 SATMON013 g1666173 BLASTN 116 1e−18 50
    1178 289 700624536H1 SATMON034 g1666172 BLASTN 685 1e−48 72
    1179 289 LIB143-009- LIB143 g1666172 BLASTN 663 1e−44 69
    Q1-E1-B4
    1180 289 LIB3059-020- LIB3059 g1666172 BLASTN 777 1e−56 74
    Q1-K1-B12
    1181 289 LIB3079-007- LIB3079 g1666172 BLASTN 795 1e−57 74
    Q1-K1-B7
    1182 289 LIB84-030- LIB84 g1666172 BLASTN 557 1e−54 72
    Q1-E1-A2
    1183 29009 LIB3059-049- LIB3059 g22380 BLASTN 142 1e−36 60
    Q1-K1-B3
    1184 29460 700475741H1 SATMON025 g2443887 BLASTN 153 1e−30 80
    1185 2963 700241724H1 SATMON010 g1572786 BLASTN 84 1e−21 42
    1186 2963 700242763H1 SATMON010 g1572786 BLASTN 86 1e−23 42
    1187 29791 700171754H1 SATMON013 g1232131 BLASTN 517 1e−41 82
    1188 30095 700104947H1 SATMON010 g1420923 BLASTN 242 1e−09 91
    1189 30254 701178677H1 SATMONN05 g1707639 BLASTN 494 1e−62 83
    1190 30254 LIB3079-021- LIB3079 g1707639 BLASTN 672 1e−94 80
    Q1-K1-D7
    1191 31077 LIB3067-005- LIB3067 g939784 BLASTN 221 1e−21 98
    Q1-K1-F7
    1192 31077 LIB3067-049- LIB3067 g939784 BLASTN 265 1e−24 95
    Q1-K1-C4
    1193 31174 700282073H1 SATMON022 g1199574 BLASTN 398 1e−22 61
    1194 31174 LIB3067-046- LIB3067 g1049022 BLASTN 150 1e−58 49
    Q1-K1-E10
    1195 31174 LIB3069-051- LIB3069 g2979566 BLASTN 234 1e−57 48
    Q1-K1-B3
    1196 31175 700553186H1 SATMON022 g886400 BLASTN 669 1e−68 88
    1197 31175 LIB3067-010- LIB3067 g886400 BLASTN 905 1e−104 82
    Q1-K1-G12
    1198 313 700030176H1 SATMON003 g2982330 BLASTN 727 1e−56 79
    1199 313 700089309H1 SATMON011 g290056 BLASTN 683 1e−48 73
    1200 313 700160174H1 SATMON012 g290056 BLASTN 672 1e−47 75
    1201 313 700160389H1 SATMON012 g290056 BLASTN 695 1e−49 78
    1202 313 700193966H1 SATMON014 g2982330 BLASTN 459 1e−32 87
    1203 313 700198034H1 SATMON016 g290056 BLASTN 690 1e−48 78
    1204 313 700223702H1 SATMON011 g1353667 BLASTN 195 1e−28 76
    1205 313 700256992H1 SATMON017 g2982331 BLASTN 114 1e−31 95
    1206 313 700334428H1 SATMON019 g290057 BLASTN 215 1e−44 69
    1207 313 700345766H1 SATMON021 g2982330 BLASTN 573 1e−39 79
    1208 313 700428724H1 SATMONN01 g2982330 BLASTN 840 1e−61 79
    1209 313 700438829H1 SATMON026 g290056 BLASTN 331 1e−33 75
    1210 313 700438866H1 SATMON026 g290056 BLASTN 681 1e−47 73
    1211 313 700455822H1 SATMON029 g2982330 BLASTN 782 1e−56 79
    1212 313 700456156H1 SATMON029 g2982330 BLASTN 804 1e−58 79
    1213 313 700457422H1 SATMON029 g2982330 BLASTN 793 1e−57 78
    1214 313 700464587H1 SATMON025 g290056 BLASTN 572 1e−38 76
    1215 313 700472413H1 SATMON025 g2982330 BLASTN 893 1e−65 78
    1216 313 700549413H1 SATMON022 g2982330 BLASTN 825 1e−60 79
    1217 313 700549675H1 SATMON022 g290056 BLASTN 426 1e−51 76
    1218 313 700550305H1 SATMON022 g2982330 BLASTN 863 1e−63 79
    1219 313 700576902H1 SATMON031 g290057 BLASTN 139 1e−28 83
    1220 313 700582445H1 SATMON031 g2982330 BLASTN 465 1e−29 80
    1221 313 700614836H1 SATMON033 g290056 BLASTN 399 1e−24 78
    1222 313 LIB148-052- LIB148 g290056 BLASTN 795 1e−58 74
    Q1-E1-A5
    1223 313 LIB189-019- LIB189 g290056 BLASTN 645 1e−89 74
    Q1-E1-G7
    1224 313 LIB3059-003- LIB3059 g290056 BLASTN 1165 1e−88 74
    Q1-K1-C10
    1225 313 LIB3059-040- LIB3059 g290056 BLASTN 1252 1e−95 75
    Q1-K1-F9
    1226 313 LIB3061-034- LIB3061 g290056 BLASTN 924 1e−68 75
    Q1-K1-B7
    1227 313 LIB3062-039- LIB3062 g2982330 BLASTN 1207 1e−105 79
    Q1-K1-F1
    1228 313 LIB3069-006- LIB3069 g290056 BLASTN 756 1e−54 74
    Q1-K1-F8
    1229 313 LIB3079-014- LIB3079 g290056 BLASTN 967 1e−71 71
    Q1-K1-H12
    1230 313 LIB83-008- LIB83 g290056 BLASTN 834 1e−78 73
    Q1-E1-E4
    1231 3191 700098953H1 SATMON009 g2735839 BLASTN 283 1e−12 69
    1232 31934 700350370H1 SATMON023 g508577 BLASTN 81 1e−20 49
    1233 31934 LIB3069-033- LIB3069 g508576 BLASTN 658 1e−49 73
    Q1-K1-G4
    1234 31938 LIB3068-005- LIB3068 g218339 BLASTN 304 1e−26 76
    Q1-K1-D12
    1235 31938 LIB3068-044- LIB3068 g218339 BLASTN 571 1e−75 73
    Q1-K1-G10
    1236 31977 LIB3062-018- LIB3062 g2464855 BLASTN 250 1e−70 74
    Q1-K1-B10
    1237 31977 LIB3069-031- LIB3069 g1263095 BLASTN 117 1e−43 73
    Q1-K1-G7
    1238 32236 LIB3060-007- LIB3060 g2653353 BLASTN 56 1e−33 37
    Q1-K1-F7
    1239 32402 LIB3059-037- LIB3059 g1905929 BLASTN 899 1e−98 82
    Q1-K1-A3
    1240 32402 LIB3067-032- LIB3067 g2463332 BLASTN 1035 1e−77 84
    Q1-K1-C5
    1241 32442 LIB3060-041- LIB3060 g2911067 BLASTN 503 1e−87 69
    Q1-K1-C5
    1242 32675 LIB143-003- LIB143 g2062176 BLASTN 228 1e−49 62
    Q1-E1-E5
    1243 32760 700343406H1 SATMON021 g1905943 BLASTN 454 1e−63 95
    1244 32760 LIB189-029- LIB189 g1905943 BLASTN 912 1e−80 91
    Q1-E1-D2
    1245 3309 700092223H1 SATMON008 g2826884 BLASTN 92 1e−21 58
    1246 3309 700334938H1 SATMON019 g2149996 BLASTN 120 1e−18 43
    1247 339 700624240H1 SATMON034 g551535 BLASTN 89 1e−22 47
    1248 339 701185145H1 SATMONN06 g1616942 BLASTN 90 1e−19 56
    1249 3641 700102125H1 SATMON010 g2088643 BLASTN 278 1e−42 68
    1250 3641 700105011H1 SATMON010 g2088643 BLASTN 255 1e−39 67
    1251 385 700624403H1 SATMON034 g624936 BLASTN 297 1e−46 75
    1252 4116 700105887H1 SATMON010 g1850792 BLASTN 303 1e−37 77
    1253 4224 LIB3062-025- LIB3062 g20810 BLASTN 61 1e−35 36
    Q1-K1-D8
    1254 4334 700019455H1 SATMON001 g18819 BLASTN 137 1e−21 65
    1255 4334 700051166H1 SATMON003 g1850792 BLASTN 539 1e−45 78
    1256 4334 700165809H1 SATMON013 g1850792 BLASTN 293 1e−13 84
    1257 4334 700206973H1 SATMON003 g1850792 BLASTN 539 1e−44 79
    1258 4334 700210639H1 SATMON016 g1850792 BLASTN 534 1e−34 79
    1259 4334 700618659H1 SATMON033 g1850792 BLASTN 525 1e−34 79
    1260 4334 701182729H1 SATMONN06 g1850792 BLASTN 536 1e−35 80
    1261 4334 LIB3061-021- LIB3061 g1850792 BLASTN 527 1e−32 80
    Q1-K1-D2
    1262 4573 700042919H1 SATMON004 g556559 BLASTN 823 1e−71 85
    1263 4573 700049033H1 SATMON003 g556559 BLASTN 623 1e−69 83
    1264 4573 700084460H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 669 1e−46 85
    1265 4573 700087791H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 538 1e−58 79
    1266 4573 700091679H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 714 1e−50 84
    1267 4573 700105061H1 SATMON010 g556559 BLASTN 957 1e−84 84
    1268 4573 700151850H1 SATMON007 g556559 BLASTN 458 1e−29 80
    1269 4573 700152094H1 SATMON007 g556559 BLASTN 676 1e−47 82
    1270 4573 700153866H1 SATMON007 g556559 BLASTN 513 1e−33 81
    1271 4573 700157329H1 SATMON012 g556559 BLASTN 680 1e−47 88
    1272 4573 700166186H1 SATMON013 g556559 BLASTN 843 1e−61 81
    1273 4573 700211938H1 SATMON016 g556559 BLASTN 979 1e−72 83
    1274 4573 700220444H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 979 1e−72 85
    1275 4573 700220672H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 1060 1e−79 86
    1276 4573 700235948H1 SATMON010 g556559 BLASTN 545 1e−36 81
    1277 4573 700342736H1 SATMON021 g556559 BLASTN 744 1e−53 81
    1278 4573 700345985H1 SATMON021 g556559 BLASTN 614 1e−42 79
    1279 4573 700346688H1 SATMON021 g556559 BLASTN 1091 1e−82 90
    1280 4573 700349034H1 SATMON023 g556559 BLASTN 693 1e−48 81
    1281 4573 700349063H1 SATMON023 g556559 BLASTN 702 1e−49 84
    1282 4573 700350681H1 SATMON023 g556559 BLASTN 579 1e−39 83
    1283 4573 700441320H1 SATMON026 g556559 BLASTN 362 1e−20 70
    1284 4573 700471104H1 SATMON025 g556559 BLASTN 693 1e−48 81
    1285 4573 700550827H1 SATMON022 g556559 BLASTN 693 1e−48 81
    1286 4573 700553306H1 SATMON022 g556559 BLASTN 674 1e−47 81
    1287 4573 700581493H1 SATMON031 g556559 BLASTN 584 1e−67 82
    1288 4573 700611766H1 SATMON022 g556559 BLASTN 342 1e−22 77
    1289 4573 LIB3059-027- LIB3059 g556559 BLASTN 893 1e−65 81
    Q1-K1-C2
    1290 4573 LIB3061-046- LIB3061 g556559 BLASTN 1327 1e−101 80
    Q1-K1-F6
    1291 4573 LIB3062-018- LIB3062 g556559 BLASTN 317 1e−35 79
    Q1-K1-D6
    1292 4573 LIB3062-029- LIB3062 g556559 BLASTN 1307 1e−100 83
    Q1-K1-C8
    1293 4573 LIB3062-038- LIB3062 g556559 BLASTN 1664 1e−129 82
    Q1-K1-H8
    1294 4573 LIB3068-003- LIB3068 g556559 BLASTN 1451 1e−112 88
    Q1-K1-H6
    1295 4573 LIB3068-033- LIB3068 g556559 BLASTN 1705 1e−133 85
    Q1-K1-H5
    1296 4573 LIB3068-033- LIB3068 g556559 BLASTN 1610 1e−141 88
    Q1-K1-H9
    1297 4573 LIB3068-033- LIB3068 g556559 BLASTN 1168 1e−88 83
    Q1-K1-H10
    1298 4573 LIB3078-018- LIB3078 g556559 BLASTN 1569 1e−122 83
    Q1-K1-H2
    1299 4675 700343053H1 SATMON021 g2735839 BLASTN 917 1e−99 94
    1300 4675 700347336H1 SATMON021 g2735839 BLASTN 750 1e−73 90
    1301 4675 700451244H1 SATMON028 g2735839 BLASTN 426 1e−55 92
    1302 4726 700042529H1 SATMON004 g1429227 BLASTN 388 1e−43 77
    1303 4726 700094180H1 SATMON008 g1429228 BLASTN 112 1e−18 85
    1304 4726 700153844H1 SATMON007 g2826882 BLASTN 200 1e−31 95
    1305 4726 700154748H1 SATMON007 g2826881 BLASTN 494 1e−32 78
    1306 4726 700167910H1 SATMON013 g2826882 BLASTN 162 1e−26 94
    1307 4726 700238147H1 SATMON010 g2826882 BLASTN 187 1e−29 75
    1308 4726 700243593H1 SATMON010 g2826881 BLASTN 509 1e−33 79
    1309 4726 700266003H1 SATMON017 g2826881 BLASTN 604 1e−41 82
    ERROR 4726 SATMONN01 CLUSTER
    1310 4726 700618813H1 SATMON034 g2826881 BLASTN 569 1e−38 78
    1311 4726 LIB143-031- LIB143 g2826881 BLASTN 601 1e−39 71
    Q1-E1-B4
    1312 4726 LIB3067-037- LIB3067 g2826881 BLASTN 592 1e−38 76
    Q1-K1-G10
    1313 4726 LIB3067-057- LIB3067 g2826881 BLASTN 724 1e−50 78
    Q1-K1-A8
    1314 4726 LIB3078-033- LIB3078 g2826881 BLASTN 848 1e−62 77
    Q1-K1-C11
    1315 4825 700342288H1 SATMON021 g2463332 BLASTN 316 1e−31 78
    1316 4825 700347334H1 SATMON021 g2463332 BLASTN 439 1e−47 74
    1317 4825 LIB3067-030- LIB3067 g2286110 BLASTN 333 1e−38 78
    Q1-K1-E9
    1318 4837 700091432H1 SATMON011 g2160167 BLASTN 241 1e−34 42
    1319 4837 700342234H1 SATMON021 g1747310 BLASTN 194 1e−28 44
    1320 4837 LIB143-058- LIB143 g2160167 BLASTN 207 1e−46 39
    Q1-E1-G4
    1321 5120 700091876H1 SATMON011 g2982330 BLASTN 668 1e−47 78
    1322 5120 700445847H1 SATMON027 g2982330 BLASTN 466 1e−44 79
    1323 5120 700445848H1 SATMON027 g2982330 BLASTN 470 1e−44 77
    1324 5120 700614010H1 SATMON033 g2982330 BLASTN 489 1e−30 77
    1325 5182 700093349H1 SATMON008 g2104681 BLASTN 166 1e−26 73
    1326 5182 700167439H1 SATMON013 g2104681 BLASTN 160 1e−23 78
    1327 5182 700265385H1 SATMON017 g2104681 BLASTN 166 1e−24 76
    1328 5468 700082261H1 SATMON011 g2735764 BLASTN 116 1e−17 32
    1329 5468 700172754H1 SATMON013 g2735764 BLASTN 148 1e−22 48
    1330 6098 700023212H1 SATMON003 g556557 BLASTN 1032 1e−77 87
    1331 6098 700026534H1 SATMON003 g556557 BLASTN 1035 1e−77 84
    1332 6098 700050928H1 SATMON003 g556557 BLASTN 818 1e−59 87
    1333 6098 700082788H1 SATMON011 g556557 BLASTN 1250 1e−95 88
    1334 6098 700151293H1 SATMON007 g556557 BLASTN 672 1e−47 89
    1335 6098 700156895H1 SATMON012 g556557 BLASTN 997 1e−74 89
    1336 6098 700160036H1 SATMON012 g556557 BLASTN 978 1e−72 87
    1337 6098 700169134H1 SATMON013 g556557 BLASTN 895 1e−65 87
    1338 6098 700196770H1 SATMON014 g556558 BLASTN 135 1e−20 100
    1339 6098 700204094H1 SATMON003 g556557 BLASTN 418 1e−26 79
    1340 6098 700207890H1 SATMON016 g556557 BLASTN 1196 1e−90 88
    1341 6098 700209368H1 SATMON016 g556557 BLASTN 1080 1e−89 86
    1342 6098 700216846H1 SATMON016 g556557 BLASTN 984 1e−73 84
    1343 6098 700217125H1 SATMON016 g556557 BLASTN 911 1e−67 84
    1344 6098 700335980H1 SATMON019 g556557 BLASTN 554 1e−37 86
    1345 6098 700350881H1 SATMON023 g556557 BLASTN 699 1e−73 82
    1346 6098 700379915H1 SATMON021 g556557 BLASTN 1117 1e−84 86
    1347 6098 700405447H1 SATMON029 g556557 BLASTN 515 1e−34 91
    1348 6098 700423625H1 SATMONN01 g556557 BLASTN 942 1e−69 84
    1349 6098 700445715H1 SATMON027 g556557 BLASTN 1107 1e−83 87
    1350 6098 700576616H1 SATMON030 g556557 BLASTN 710 1e−50 84
    1351 6098 700581258H1 SATMON031 g556557 BLASTN 757 1e−69 83
    1352 6098 700621691H1 SATMON034 g556557 BLASTN 955 1e−97 87
    1353 6098 700622003H1 SATMON034 g556557 BLASTN 302 1e−14 90
    1354 6098 701183623H1 SATMONN06 g556557 BLASTN 956 1e−70 84
    1355 6098 701183722H1 SATMONN06 g556557 BLASTN 568 1e−38 70
    1356 6098 LIB3059-047- LIB3059 g556557 BLASTN 998 1e−114 87
    Q1-K1-C2
    1357 6098 LIB3069-022- LIB3069 g556557 BLASTN 1458 1e−112 83
    Q1-K1-B3
    1358 6098 LIB3078-029- LIB3078 g556557 BLASTN 990 1e−73 84
    Q1-K1-B7
    1359 6196 700102457H1 SATMON010 g556559 BLASTN 1239 1e−94 86
    1360 6196 700154733H1 SATMON007 g556559 BLASTN 779 1e−59 86
    1361 6196 700161033H1 SATMON012 g556559 BLASTN 866 1e−63 86
    1362 6196 700163235H1 SATMON013 g556559 BLASTN 912 1e−67 85
    1363 6196 700552020H1 SATMON022 g556559 BLASTN 1065 1e−79 85
    1364 6196 LIB3062-021- LIB3062 g556559 BLASTN 1113 1e−83 85
    Q1-K1-G12
    1365 6196 LIB3069-042- LIB3069 g556559 BLASTN 1264 1e−106 85
    Q1-K1-C9
    1366 6422 700048971H1 SATMON003 g2735766 BLASTN 198 1e−31 75
    1367 6422 700049939H1 SATMON003 g2286110 BLASTN 444 1e−26 74
    1368 6422 700163770H1 SATMON013 g2735766 BLASTN 116 1e−18 79
    1369 6422 700166354H1 SATMON013 g431908 BLASTN 203 1e−30 64
    1370 6422 700169344H1 SATMON013 g508576 BLASTN 191 1e−11 79
    1371 6422 700471581H1 SATMON025 g2735764 BLASTN 142 1e−27 75
    1372 6508 700030014H1 SATMON003 g2160167 BLASTN 255 1e−36 48
    1373 6508 700087039H1 SATMON011 g2160167 BLASTN 268 1e−38 50
    1374 6508 701180711H1 SATMONN06 g1747310 BLASTN 194 1e−32 62
    1375 7120 700805333H1 SATMON036 g309569 BLASTN 181 1e−10 95
    1376 7914 700553220H1 SATMON022 g1239960 BLASTN 263 1e−11 64
    1377 7914 700553228H1 SATMON022 g1239960 BLASTN 446 1e−26 69
    1378 7914 LIB3067-006- LIB3067 g939784 BLASTN 537 1e−33 62
    Q1-K1-B4
    1379 7914 LIB3067-018- LIB3067 g939784 BLASTN 518 1e−32 62
    Q1-K1-F7
    1380 7971 700053716H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 742 1e−53 84
    1381 7971 700073727H1 SATMON007 g556559 BLASTN 1027 1e−76 86
    1382 7971 700086649H1 SATMON011 g556559 BLASTN 331 1e−17 74
    1383 7971 700208117H1 SATMON016 g556559 BLASTN 468 1e−28 82
    1384 7971 700257574H1 SATMON017 g556559 BLASTN 724 1e−51 84
    1385 7971 700258619H1 SATMON017 g556559 BLASTN 815 1e−64 87
    1386 7971 700467927H1 SATMON025 g556559 BLASTN 924 1e−68 86
    1387 7971 700471476H1 SATMON025 g556559 BLASTN 384 1e−21 82
    1388 7971 LIB3059-024- LIB3059 g556559 BLASTN 1196 1e−90 86
    Q1-K1-E10
    1389 8114 700018755H1 SATMON001 g2104681 BLASTN 120 1e−20 67
    1390 8114 700019384H1 SATMON001 g2104681 BLASTN 126 1e−22 68
    1391 8114 700172657H1 SATMON013 g2104680 BLASTN 254 1e−10 69
    1392 8114 700430389H1 SATMONN01 g2104681 BLASTN 126 1e−18 71
    1393 8114 LIB3067-039- LIB3067 g2104681 BLASTN 126 1e−35 71
    Q1-K1-E6
    1394 8284 700425177H1 SATMONN01 g22192 BLASTN 307 1e−14 86
    1395 8421 700208480H1 SATMON016 g2735839 BLASTN 714 1e−62 87
    1396 8421 700476129H1 SATMON025 g2735839 BLASTN 518 1e−42 86
    1397 9078 700048059H1 SATMON003 g292496 BLASTN 136 1e−20 48
    1398 9302 700342985H1 SATMON021 g886400 BLASTN 773 1e−55 90
    1399 9302 700353685H1 SATMON024 g886401 BLASTN 90 1e−21 97
    1400 9302 700382528H1 SATMON024 g886400 BLASTN 474 1e−37 81
    1401 9302 700612251H1 SATMON022 g886400 BLASTN 534 1e−35 83
    1402 9467 700075256H1 SATMON007 g2443887 BLASTN 209 1e−30 61
    1403 9467 700084183H1 SATMON011 g2443887 BLASTN 209 1e−30 61
    1404 9467 700204326H1 SATMON003 g2443887 BLASTN 209 1e−30 61
    1405 968 700103864H1 SATMON010 g556557 BLASTN 1203 1e−91 88
    1406 968 700453731H1 SATMON029 g556557 BLASTN 634 1e−74 85
    1407 9723 700095557H1 SATMON008 g2511745 BLASTN 139 1e−21 44
    1408 9776 700047854H1 SATMON003 g2145358 BLASTN 155 1e−39 67
    1409 9776 700345422H1 SATMON021 g2145358 BLASTN 155 1e−35 67
    1410 98 700194593H1 SATMON014 g172637 BLASTN 270 1e−11 64
    1411 98 LIB3061-045- LIB3061 g172637 BLASTN 290 1e−13 61
    Q1-K1-H8
    1412 990 700098560H1 SATMON009 g2280528 BLASTN 62 1e−20 66
    1413 990 LIB3060-053- LIB3060 g1841475 BLASTN 117 1e−49 63
    Q1-K1-G5
    1414 995 700161808H1 SATMON012 g2702280 BLASTN 164 1e−31 50
    MAIZE HOMEOBOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    1415 -700022075 700022075H1 SATMON001 g1008878 BLASTN 1125 1e−84 100
    1416 -700028403 700028403H1 SATMON003 g166754 BLASTN 139 1e−31 70
    1417 -700046411 700046411H1 SATMON004 g1143706 BLASTN 1205 1e−103 98
    1418 -700049842 700049842H1 SATMON003 g1143704 BLASTN 1396 1e−107 99
    1419 -700074975 700074975H1 SATMON007 g2935572 BLASTN 966 1e−71 84
    1420 -700083338 700083338H1 SATMON011 g1173621 BLASTN 495 1e−55 75
    1421 -700085788 700085788H1 SATMON011 g1173621 BLASTN 583 1e−39 73
    1422 -700087227 700087227H1 SATMON011 g2245130 BLASTN 135 1e−20 40
    1423 -700090023 700090023H1 SATMON011 g1143704 BLASTN 1088 1e−88 97
    1424 -700097968 700097968H1 SATMON009 g313253 BLASTN 48 1e−17 47
    1425 -700105961 700105961H1 SATMON010 g2464893 BLASTN 124 1e−24 53
    1426 -700106005 700106005H1 SATMON010 g1814424 BLASTN 238 1e−34 68
    1427 -700155766 700155766H1 SATMON007 g1648930 BLASTN 1103 1e−83 99
    1428 -700156878 700156878H1 SATMON012 g2935572 BLASTN 486 1e−31 81
    1429 -700164912 700164912H1 SATMON013 g349266 BLASTN 252 1e−10 71
    1430 -700165751 700165751H1 SATMON013 g22330 BLASTN 910 1e−66 100
    1431 -700168414 700168414H1 SATMON013 g22350 BLASTN 1158 1e−87 91
    1432 -700171978 700171978H1 SATMON013 g1648930 BLASTN 885 1e−64 100
    1433 -700172688 700172688H1 SATMON013 g1143704 BLASTN 1142 1e−86 98
    1434 -700173028 700173028H1 SATMON013 g1008878 BLASTN 313 1e−42 93
    1435 -700202132 700202132H1 SATMON003 g2244990 BLASTN 171 1e−25 82
    1436 -700210656 700210656H1 SATMON016 g349379 BLASTN 118 1e−28 82
    1437 -700215409 700215409H1 SATMON016 g1648930 BLASTN 1484 1e−114 98
    1438 -700215454 700215454H1 SATMON016 g1045043 BLASTN 491 1e−32 67
    1439 -700218764 700218764H1 SATMON011 g1143706 BLASTN 781 1e−56 97
    1440 -700219170 700219170H1 SATMON011 g2464893 BLASTN 377 1e−54 94
    1441 -700219660 700219660H1 SATMON011 g1173621 BLASTN 323 1e−40 76
    1442 -700219669 700219669H1 SATMON011 g1173622 BLASTN 281 1e−40 72
    1443 -700221310 700221310H1 SATMON011 g507220 BLASTN 233 1e−33 46
    1444 -700223225 700223225H1 SATMON011 g1143706 BLASTN 1290 1e−98 100
    1445 -700241610 700241610H1 SATMON010 g22330 BLASTN 294 1e−35 93
    1446 -700244303 700244303H1 SATMON010 g22330 BLASTN 557 1e−43 99
    1447 -700261794 700261794H1 SATMON017 g2935572 BLASTN 448 1e−42 82
    1448 -700263117 700263117H1 SATMON017 g1045044 BLASTN 169 1e−25 81
    1449 -700265365 700265365H1 SATMON017 g499164 BLASTN 223 1e−38 67
    1450 -700349657 700349657H1 SATMON023 g1143706 BLASTN 1106 1e−83 88
    1451 -700351961 700351961H1 SATMON023 g2522483 BLASTN 246 1e−12 76
    1452 -700355847 700355847H1 SATMON024 g1173621 BLASTN 862 1e−62 76
    1453 -700378702 700378702H1 SATMON020 g1648930 BLASTN 626 1e−99 97
    1454 -700379506 700379506H1 SATMON020 g1648930 BLASTN 268 1e−12 98
    1455 -700379734 700379734H1 SATMON021 g1173622 BLASTN 129 1e−19 47
    1456 -700421514 700421514H1 SATMONN01 g22330 BLASTN 193 1e−09 82
    1457 -700432368 700432368H1 SATMONN01 g1122533 BLASTN 76 1e−18 65
    1458 -700439251 700439251H1 SATMON026 g2529702 BLASTN 391 1e−28 71
    1459 -700447203 700447203H1 SATMON027 g2464893 BLASTN 123 1e−18 51
    1460 -700467939 700467939H1 SATMON025 g452519 BLASTN 160 1e−24 47
    1461 -700471940 700471940H1 SATMON025 g1814424 BLASTN 123 1e−33 54
    1462 -700474077 700474077H1 SATMON025 g1143704 BLASTN 270 1e−13 81
    1463 -700552169 700552169H1 SATMON022 g2464893 BLASTN 171 1e−25 39
    1464 -700552223 700552223H1 SATMON022 g1008878 BLASTN 530 1e−71 85
    1465 -700571166 700571166H1 SATMON030 g166754 BLASTN 95 1e−20 87
    1466 -700574329 700574329H2 SATMON030 g2244990 BLASTN 220 1e−35 57
    1467 -700574833 700574833H1 SATMON030 g1143706 BLASTN 1075 1e−132 100
    1468 -700581639 700581639H1 SATMON031 g22330 BLASTN 168 1e−11 93
    1469 -700611333 700611333H1 SATMON022 g507220 BLASTN 153 1e−23 46
    1470 -700615009 700615009H1 SATMON033 g2244990 BLASTN 190 1e−44 82
    1471 -700617943 700617943H1 SATMON033 g1173621 BLASTN 680 1e−69 79
    1472 -701158775 701158775H1 SATMONN04 g22330 BLASTN 254 1e−22 95
    1473 -701169019 701169019H1 SATMONN05 g22330 BLASTN 191 1e−09 80
    1474 -701176830 701176830H1 SATMONN05 g1946221 BLASTN 706 1e−50 76
    1475 -701178369 701178369H1 SATMONN05 g1235564 BLASTN 331 1e−16 73
    1476 -701179971 701179971H1 SATMONN05 g1805615 BLASTN 234 1e−08 86
    1477 11404 700094062H1 SATMON008 g22350 BLASTN 1085 1e−111 98
    1478 11404 700164815H1 SATMON013 g22350 BLASTN 1027 1e−76 96
    1479 11404 700166420H1 SATMON013 g22350 BLASTN 1258 1e−96 99
    1480 11404 700169161H1 SATMON013 g22350 BLASTN 935 1e−82 100
    1481 11418 700097291H1 SATMON009 g1122533 BLASTN 167 1e−24 72
    1482 12291 700470110H1 SATMON025 g22330 BLASTN 675 1e−47 97
    1483 12291 700578987H1 SATMON031 g22330 BLASTN 666 1e−46 97
    1484 12817 700093049H1 SATMON008 g1143704 BLASTN 817 1e−59 98
    1485 12817 700552210H1 SATMON022 g1143704 BLASTN 1174 1e−88 97
    1486 12817 700553281H1 SATMON022 g1143704 BLASTN 266 1e−13 98
    1487 12817 700574165H1 SATMON030 g1143704 BLASTN 836 1e−71 95
    1488 13037 700073709H1 SATMON007 g1008878 BLASTN 944 1e−69 87
    1489 13037 700282113H1 SATMON022 g1008878 BLASTN 576 1e−66 95
    1490 13120 700263311H1 SATMON017 g2388574 BLASTN 91 1e−25 62
    1491 13120 700267466H1 SATMON017 g1173622 BLASTN 70 1e−23 68
    1492 1402 700048947H1 SATMON003 g2529702 BLASTN 496 1e−38 75
    1493 1402 700074563H1 SATMON007 g2738464 BLASTN 104 1e−17 79
    1494 1402 700450537H1 SATMON028 g2529702 BLASTN 475 1e−30 77
    1495 1402 700617584H1 SATMON033 g2529702 BLASTN 442 1e−26 80
    1496 1402 700621952H1 SATMON034 g2529702 BLASTN 418 1e−28 75
    1497 14385 700085542H1 SATMON011 g2244990 BLASTN 139 1e−44 81
    1498 15611 700215778H1 SATMON016 g309573 BLASTN 475 1e−30 77
    1499 16940 700085254H1 SATMON011 g1008879 BLASTN 179 1e−32 59
    1500 16940 700087804H1 SATMON011 g1008879 BLASTN 179 1e−26 70
    1501 17209 700156405H1 SATMON012 g2244990 BLASTN 113 1e−17 80
    1502 17209 700614092H1 SATMON033 g2244990 BLASTN 138 1e−21 71
    1503 1831 700216393H1 SATMON016 g22330 BLASTN 412 1e−24 97
    1504 19924 700090084H1 SATMON011 g2244990 BLASTN 208 1e−30 100
    1505 19976 LIB3062-028- LIB3062 g549891 BLASTN 175 1e−49 55
    Q1-K1-G3
    1506 19976 LIB3067-036- LIB3067 g1435022 BLASTN 155 1e−39 68
    Q1-K1-B12
    1507 20055 700090163H1 SATMON011 g1814424 BLASTN 126 1e−24 52
    1508 20560 700611944H1 SATMON022 g1008878 BLASTN 338 1e−17 72
    1509 20560 700611959H1 SATMON022 g2522483 BLASTN 308 1e−20 77
    1510 20838 700571750H1 SATMON030 g22330 BLASTN 1072 1e−95 96
    1511 20838 700575750H1 SATMON030 g22330 BLASTN 949 1e−70 90
    1512 21483 LIB3062-043- LIB3062 g349267 BLASTN 82 1e−44 63
    Q1-K1-E7
    1513 21642 700552148H1 SATMON022 g2935572 BLASTN 854 1e−72 85
    1514 21642 700582548H1 SATMON031 g2935572 BLASTN 844 1e−72 84
    1515 21719 700169585H1 SATMON013 g1143706 BLASTN 1146 1e−86 99
    1516 21719 700469049H1 SATMON025 g1143706 BLASTN 1432 1e−110 98
    1517 22019 700027141H1 SATMON003 g1045041 BLASTN 565 1e−54 75
    1518 22019 700163580H1 SATMON013 g1946222 BLASTN 120 1e−27 62
    1519 22019 LIB3078-024- LIB3078 g3116211 BLASTN 534 1e−50 79
    Q1-K1-D11
    1520 2277 700457038H1 SATMON029 g349266 BLASTN 429 1e−26 68
    1521 2277 700457044H1 SATMON029 g349266 BLASTN 284 1e−30 72
    1522 2277 LIB3078-027- LIB3078 g349266 BLASTN 489 1e−31 71
    Q1-K1-D7
    1523 23635 701186070H1 SATMONN06 g16334 BLASTN 116 1e−26 72
    1524 23635 LIB143-059- LIB143 g349266 BLASTN 579 1e−39 75
    Q1-E1-D6
    1525 23635 LIB3059-040- LIB3059 g166754 BLASTN 234 1e−52 64
    Q1-K1-B1
    1526 23983 LIB3060-001- LIB3060 g499164 BLASTN 81 1e−33 74
    Q1-K2-A2
    1527 23983 LIB3060-002- LIB3060 g499163 BLASTN 501 1e−30 66
    Q1-K2-G9
    1528 23983 LIB3060-002- LIB3060 g499163 BLASTN 443 1e−25 71
    Q1-K2-G10
    1529 25703 700094029H1 SATMON008 g1143706 BLASTN 730 1e−93 94
    1530 25703 701161267H1 SATMONN04 g1143706 BLASTN 620 1e−42 95
    1531 26329 700102662H1 SATMON010 g1143704 BLASTN 1670 1e−130 100
    1532 26329 700222436H1 SATMON011 g1143706 BLASTN 1203 1e−91 99
    1533 26329 700240490H1 SATMON010 g1143704 BLASTN 1396 1e−107 99
    1534 26329 LIB3069-017- LIB3069 g1143704 BLASTN 1653 1e−149 97
    Q1-K1-C7
    1535 26972 700261630H1 SATMON017 g1814424 BLASTN 266 1e−38 75
    1536 26972 LIB84-004- LIB84 g1173621 BLASTN 564 1e−36 66
    Q1-E1-G12
    1537 28499 700022091H1 SATMON001 g22350 BLASTN 966 1e−71 98
    1538 28499 LIB3067-044- LIB3067 g22350 BLASTN 980 1e−76 95
    Q1-K1-G8
    1539 32276 700467151H1 SATMON025 g2244990 BLASTN 123 1e−36 71
    1540 32758 LIB189-021- LIB189 g1881536 BLASTN 142 1e−37 62
    Q1-E1-B1
    1541 3792 700207835H1 SATMON016 g1814424 BLASTN 264 1e−40 74
    1542 3792 700474795H1 SATMON025 g1173622 BLASTN 102 1e−24 60
    1543 5147 700049946H1 SATMON003 g2464893 BLASTN 233 1e−34 76
    1544 5147 700089031H1 SATMON011 g2464893 BLASTN 306 1e−48 71
    1545 5147 700089032H1 SATMON011 g1122533 BLASTN 215 1e−34 61
    1546 6534 700073312H1 SATMON007 g1122532 BLASTN 440 1e−26 66
    1547 6534 700377243H1 SATMON019 g2464893 BLASTN 226 1e−38 77
    1548 7480 700071941H1 SATMON007 g1143704 BLASTN 1450 1e−115 98
    1549 7480 700281684H1 SATMON020 g1143704 BLASTN 1365 1e−104 100
    1550 7480 700548984H1 SATMON022 g1143704 BLASTN 1320 1e−102 97
    1551 7480 700576352H1 SATMON030 g1143704 BLASTN 523 1e−71 94
    1552 7480 700581679H1 SATMON031 g1143704 BLASTN 766 1e−73 99
    1553 7480 700616428H1 SATMON033 g1143704 BLASTN 690 1e−87 92
    1554 8104 700441126H1 SATMON026 g2464893 BLASTN 225 1e−33 52
    1555 8104 700444259H1 SATMON027 g2464893 BLASTN 115 1e−17 54
    MAIZE LEUCINE ZIPPER TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR
    1556 -700026759 700026759H1 SATMON003 g2317905 BLASTN 101 1e−20 38
    1557 -700043856 700043856H1 SATMON004 g1052959 BLASTN 236 1e−08 84
    1558 -700045214 700045214H1 SATMON004 g1052959 BLASTN 344 1e−18 76
    1559 -700051334 700051334H1 SATMON003 g21635 BLASTN 89 1e−20 80
    1560 -700052422 700052422H1 SATMON003 g414613 BLASTN 141 1e−26 73
    1561 -700073288 700073288H1 SATMON007 g2253277 BLASTN 185 1e−08 82
    1562 -700076538 700076538H1 SATMON007 g2291143 BLASTN 138 1e−23 39
    1563 -700082003 700082003H1 SATMON011 g790575 BLASTN 123 1e−18 53
    1564 -700085627 700085627H1 SATMON011 g394735 BLASTN 261 1e−10 63
    1565 -700086363 700086363H1 SATMON011 g2651296 BLASTN 134 1e−20 36
    1566 -700088669 700088669H1 SATMON011 g2281449 BLASTN 100 1e−22 74
    1567 -700090111 700090111H1 SATMON011 g16429 BLASTN 123 1e−21 60
    1568 -700100046 700100046H1 SATMON009 g19275 BLASTN 215 1e−31 39
    1569 -700101881 700101881H1 SATMON009 g19275 BLASTN 189 1e−28 42
    1570 -700103640 700103640H1 SATMON010 g2921823 BLASTN 124 1e−19 74
    1571 -700104159 700104159H1 SATMON010 g2865393 BLASTN 293 1e−13 75
    1572 -700151219 700151219H1 SATMON007 g2317905 BLASTN 125 1e−19 53
    1573 -700154149 700154149H1 SATMON007 g435941 BLASTN 240 1e−11 87
    1574 -700154895 700154895H1 SATMON007 g19275 BLASTN 139 1e−21 38
    1575 -700172865 700172865H1 SATMON013 g2253277 BLASTN 670 1e−47 76
    1576 -700195674 700195674H1 SATMON014 g21634 BLASTN 428 1e−25 81
    1577 -700197522 700197522H1 SATMON014 g19275 BLASTN 174 1e−25 56
    1578 -700208483 700208483H1 SATMON016 g19275 BLASTN 104 1e−25 36
    1579 -700211494 700211494H1 SATMON016 g435941 BLASTN 564 1e−38 84
    1580 -700216833 700216833H1 SATMON016 g19275 BLASTN 101 1e−19 39
    1581 -700221766 700221766H1 SATMON011 g2253278 BLASTN 150 1e−22 74
    1582 -700224641 700224641H1 SATMON011 g2317905 BLASTN 109 1e−22 41
    1583 -700224775 700224775H1 SATMON011 g600855 BLASTN 115 1e−17 39
    1584 -700237947 700237947H1 SATMON010 g19275 BLASTN 172 1e−25 54
    1585 -700238972 700238972H1 SATMON010 g21634 BLASTN 517 1e−60 80
    1586 -700263988 700263988H1 SATMON017 g2253278 BLASTN 133 1e−20 38
    1587 -700265544 700265544H1 SATMON017 g19275 BLASTN 74 1e−19 40
    1588 -700337561 700337561H1 SATMON020 g21634 BLASTN 228 1e−13 83
    335 -700341946 700341946H1 SATMON020 g2104677 BLASTN 97 1e−28 60
    1589 -700349755 700349755H1 SATMON023 g435941 BLASTN 450 1e−47 82
    1590 -700447061 700447061H1 SATMON027 g435941 BLASTN 436 1e−63 89
    1591 -700448554 700448554H1 SATMON028 g292447 BLASTN 102 1e−27 66
    1592 -700474347 700474347H1 SATMON025 g1147631 BLASTN 477 1e−39 79
    1593 -700617187 700617187H1 SATMON033 g1147631 BLASTN 403 1e−24 81
    1594 -700621840 700621840H1 SATMON034 g2246376 BLASTN 96 1e−25 67
    1595 -700803395 700803395H1 SATMON036 g22383 BLASTN 311 1e−33 98
    1596 -700803857 700803857H1 SATMON036 g22383 BLASTN 539 1e−61 96
    1597 -700804349 700804349H1 SATMON036 g22383 BLASTN 276 1e−31 90
    1598 -701167790 701167790H1 SATMONN05 g2865393 BLASTN 768 1e−55 77
    1599 -701168742 701168742H1 SATMONN05 g2865393 BLASTN 488 1e−31 68
    1600 -701173087 701173087H2 SATMONN05 g2281448 BLASTN 356 1e−18 74
    1475 -701178369 701178369H1 SATMONN05 g1235564 BLASTN 331 1e−16 73
    1601 -701181780 701181780H1 SATMONN06 g1783305 BLASTN 126 1e−19 55
    1602 10022 LIB3078-012- LIB3078 g2959559 BLASTN 93 1e−37 46
    Q1-K1-H4
    1603 10491 700095022H1 SATMON008 g2921822 BLASTN 744 1e−53 72
    1604 10491 700205717H1 SATMON003 g2921822 BLASTN 693 1e−48 73
    1605 10491 700258018H1 SATMON017 g2921822 BLASTN 683 1e−48 73
    1606 11184 700026566H1 SATMON003 g19275 BLASTN 136 1e−23 36
    1607 11184 700167820H1 SATMON013 g19275 BLASTN 136 1e−21 36
    1608 11184 700170288H1 SATMON013 g19275 BLASTN 130 1e−19 33
    1609 11184 LIB3059-023- LIB3059 g19275 BLASTN 146 1e−40 40
    Q1-K1-E11
    1610 11184 LIB3066-021- LIB3066 g19275 BLASTN 171 1e−57 43
    Q1-K1-H6
    1611 12153 700461111H1 SATMON033 g600855 BLASTN 156 1e−23 39
    1612 12866 700551880H1 SATMON022 g435941 BLASTN 337 1e−43 80
    1613 12866 700579217H1 SATMON031 g435941 BLASTN 635 1e−71 88
    1614 13159 700381959H1 SATMON023 g2253278 BLASTN 93 1e−19 83
    1615 13855 700092464H1 SATMON008 g2564278 BLASTN 115 1e−17 24
    1616 14112 700082712H1 SATMON011 g600855 BLASTN 159 1e−23 34
    1617 14112 700088489H1 SATMON011 g600855 BLASTN 168 1e−25 39
    1618 15173 700577567H1 SATMON031 g435941 BLASTN 609 1e−41 84
    1619 15173 700622606H1 SATMON034 g435941 BLASTN 411 1e−35 82
    1620 15365 700569809H1 SATMON030 g19275 BLASTN 294 1e−47 52
    1621 15877 700577006H1 SATMON031 g1033195 BLASTN 124 1e−19 88
    1622 16241 LIB3062-019- LIB3062 g19275 BLASTN 142 1e−47 35
    Q1-K1-G1
    1623 17029 700099008H1 SATMON009 g1060934 BLASTN 237 1e−10 94
    1624 17029 700102025H1 SATMON010 g1060934 BLASTN 698 1e−75 85
    1625 17029 700165819H1 SATMON013 g1060934 BLASTN 550 1e−37 91
    1626 17029 700168474H1 SATMON013 g1060934 BLASTN 443 1e−28 86
    1627 17029 700171701H1 SATMON013 g1060934 BLASTN 781 1e−56 88
    1628 17029 LIB143-011- LIB143 g1060934 BLASTN 1165 1e−107 96
    Q1-E1-H5
    1629 17029 LIB3060-006- LIB3060 g1060934 BLASTN 1316 1e−123 87
    Q1-K1-C10
    1630 17029 LIB3060-046- LIB3060 g1060934 BLASTN 1522 1e−145 91
    Q1-K1-B2
    1631 17891 700018093H1 SATMON001 g19275 BLASTN 118 1e−23 69
    1632 17891 700550775H1 SATMON022 g19275 BLASTN 152 1e−35 64
    1633 17891 LIB143-027- LIB143 g19275 BLASTN 109 1e−34 73
    Q1-E1-C10
    1634 18790 700083176H1 SATMON011 g19275 BLASTN 245 1e−35 44
    1635 18790 700218787H1 SATMON011 g19275 BLASTN 188 1e−27 40
    1506 19976 LIB3067-036- LIB3067 g1435022 BLASTN 155 1e−39 68
    Q1-K1-B12
    1636 20163 LIB3061-037- LIB3061 g22383 BLASTN 449 1e−104 86
    Q1-K1-G8
    1637 20233 700084065H1 SATMON011 g1060934 BLASTN 1396 1e−107 99
    1638 20233 700167866H1 SATMON013 g1060934 BLASTN 1040 1e−77 100
    1639 20233 701168486H1 SATMONN05 g1060934 BLASTN 996 1e−74 99
    1640 20966 700153842H1 SATMON007 g600854 BLASTN 562 1e−38 72
    1641 20966 701159849H1 SATMONN04 g600855 BLASTN 178 1e−39 72
    1642 20966 701181355H1 SATMONN06 g600855 BLASTN 182 1e−36 63
    1643 2233 700044102H1 SATMON004 g1033194 BLASTN 951 1e−70 84
    1644 2233 700045607H1 SATMON004 g1033194 BLASTN 986 1e−73 82
    1645 2233 700046019H1 SATMON004 g1052959 BLASTN 810 1e−58 76
    1646 2233 700097636H1 SATMON009 g1052959 BLASTN 726 1e−77 80
    1647 2233 700098421H1 SATMON009 g1052959 BLASTN 492 1e−46 78
    1648 2233 700167584H1 SATMON013 g1052959 BLASTN 742 1e−53 81
    1649 2233 700214820H1 SATMON016 g1052959 BLASTN 720 1e−51 80
    1650 2233 700215075H1 SATMON016 g1052959 BLASTN 783 1e−56 76
    1651 2233 700217212H1 SATMON016 g1052960 BLASTN 246 1e−36 82
    1652 2233 700422645H1 SATMONN01 g1052959 BLASTN 454 1e−29 72
    1653 2233 700423383H1 SATMONN01 g1052960 BLASTN 102 1e−33 91
    1654 2233 700424963H1 SATMONN01 g1052959 BLASTN 506 1e−33 79
    1655 2233 700425938H1 SATMONN01 g1052960 BLASTN 134 1e−20 81
    1656 2233 700426188H1 SATMONN01 g1052960 BLASTN 178 1e−26 68
    1657 2233 700430714H1 SATMONN01 g1052959 BLASTN 617 1e−42 79
    1658 2233 700438641H1 SATMON026 g1033194 BLASTN 594 1e−40 81
    1659 2233 700439768H1 SATMON026 g1033194 BLASTN 385 1e−28 81
    1660 2233 700460877H1 SATMON031 g1052960 BLASTN 108 1e−18 87
    1661 2233 700578130H1 SATMON031 g1033194 BLASTN 469 1e−29 64
    1662 2233 700582130H1 SATMON031 g1052959 BLASTN 682 1e−48 73
    1663 2233 LIB189-002- LIB189 g1033194 BLASTN 1393 1e−107 82
    Q1-E1-C1
    1664 2233 LIB3060-008- LIB3060 g1033194 BLASTN 761 1e−52 78
    Q1-K1-A3
    1665 2233 LIB3067-039- LIB3067 g1033194 BLASTN 1448 1e−111 81
    Q1-K1-G12
    1666 2233 LIB3068-043- LIB3068 g1033194 BLASTN 962 1e−82 76
    Q1-K1-G9
    1667 2233 LIB36-010- LIB36 g1052959 BLASTN 1210 1e−92 79
    Q1-E1-D5
    1668 2233 LIB84-027- LIB84 g1052959 BLASTN 1013 1e−87 80
    Q1-E1-E12
    1669 22540 700352565H1 SATMON023 g1753084 BLASTN 464 1e−31 75
    1670 22540 700577189H1 SATMON031 g1753085 BLASTN 93 1e−19 75
    1671 22540 LIB3069-023- LIB3069 g1753084 BLASTN 264 1e−10 78
    Q1-K1-H5
    1523 23635 701186070H1 SATMONN06 g16334 BLASTN 116 1e−26 72
    1672 23923 700211157H1 SATMON016 g1122224 BLASTN 577 1e−38 66
    1673 23923 701176447H1 SATMONN05 g1905785 BLASTN 211 1e−30 70
    1674 24378 LIB3069-035- LIB3069 g21632 BLASTN 779 1e−75 83
    Q1-K1-E11
    1675 2463 700019837H1 SATMON001 g21634 BLASTN 584 1e−39 85
    1676 2463 700085128H1 SATMON011 g21634 BLASTN 452 1e−28 80
    1677 2463 700092347H1 SATMON008 g21634 BLASTN 399 1e−22 83
    1678 2463 700093882H1 SATMON008 g21634 BLASTN 399 1e−22 83
    1679 2463 700153109H1 SATMON007 g21634 BLASTN 738 1e−52 82
    1680 2463 700157835H1 SATMON012 g21634 BLASTN 407 1e−44 80
    1681 2463 700170639H1 SATMON013 g21634 BLASTN 203 1e−29 78
    1682 2463 700201241H1 SATMON003 g21634 BLASTN 333 1e−39 77
    1683 2463 700236219H1 SATMON010 g21634 BLASTN 555 1e−52 78
    1684 2463 700239860H1 SATMON010 g21634 BLASTN 900 1e−66 84
    1685 2463 700337536H1 SATMON020 g21634 BLASTN 479 1e−29 83
    1686 2463 700339949H1 SATMON020 g21634 BLASTN 717 1e−66 79
    1687 2463 700340335H1 SATMON020 g21634 BLASTN 466 1e−28 82
    1688 2463 700468441H1 SATMON025 g21634 BLASTN 855 1e−62 82
    1689 2463 700574925H1 SATMON030 g21634 BLASTN 368 1e−21 86
    1690 2463 700577228H1 SATMON031 g21634 BLASTN 931 1e−68 82
    1691 2463 700579628H1 SATMON031 g21634 BLASTN 529 1e−63 83
    1692 2463 700623187H1 SATMON034 g21634 BLASTN 679 1e−57 79
    1693 2463 LIB143-009- LIB143 g21634 BLASTN 522 1e−65 84
    Q1-E1-H7
    1694 2463 LIB143-009- LIB143 g21634 BLASTN 649 1e−45 73
    Q1-E1-H8
    1695 2463 LIB3066-023- LIB3066 g21634 BLASTN 449 1e−26 81
    Q1-K1-H9
    1696 2463 LIB3078-004- LIB3078 g21634 BLASTN 398 1e−33 73
    Q1-K1-H6
    1697 26326 LIB3062-051- LIB3062 g2959559 BLASTN 75 1e−34 61
    Q1-K1-A2
    1698 26326 LIB3069-050- LIB3069 g2959559 BLASTN 87 1e−52 54
    Q1-K1-G8
    1699 26326 LIB3078-004- LIB3078 g2959559 BLASTN 87 1e−52 53
    Q1-K1-C5
    1700 26872 LIB3059-042- LIB3059 g1060934 BLASTN 1193 1e−116 92
    Q1-K1-A5
    1701 26872 LIB3059-035- LIB3059 g1060934 BLASTN 1407 1e−136 88
    Q1-K1-D9
    1702 27311 700618712H1 SATMON034 g19275 BLASTN 176 1e−26 37
    1703 27311 LIB3066-025- LIB3066 g19275 BLASTN 147 1e−36 36
    Q1-K1-A10
    1704 2795 700048240H1 SATMON003 g2281449 BLASTN 125 1e−30 72
    1705 29678 700170080H1 SATMON013 g21634 BLASTN 439 1e−51 78
    1706 29678 700426193H1 SATMONN01 g21635 BLASTN 98 1e−22 67
    1707 29791 LIB3059-019- LIB3059 g21634 BLASTN 971 1e−80 86
    Q1-K1-B10
    1708 30792 LIB143-040- LIB143 g1753086 BLASTN 268 1e−38 77
    Q1-E1-F3
    1709 30792 LIB3059-056- LIB3059 g1753086 BLASTN 268 1e−28 78
    Q1-K1-A5
    1710 398 700622334H1 SATMON034 g1769891 BLASTN 86 1e−21 46
    1711 398 700623777H1 SATMON034 g1769891 BLASTN 151 1e−23 46
    1712 4953 700096885H1 SATMON008 g19275 BLASTN 108 1e−21 39
    1713 4953 700173030H1 SATMON013 g19275 BLASTN 167 1e−24 42
    1714 4953 700221793H1 SATMON011 g19275 BLASTN 192 1e−28 40
    1715 4953 700580086H1 SATMON031 g19275 BLASTN 159 1e−23 36
    1716 6037 700095735H1 SATMON008 g19275 BLASTN 269 1e−39 51
    1717 6037 700095783H1 SATMON008 g19275 BLASTN 264 1e−38 51
    1718 6336 700102843H1 SATMON010 g1753086 BLASTN 226 1e−14 87
    1719 6336 700105032H1 SATMON010 g1753086 BLASTN 226 1e−25 84
    1720 6336 LIB3059-013- LIB3059 g1753086 BLASTN 245 1e−22 81
    Q1-K1-B5
    1721 6336 LIB3061-035- LIB3061 g1753086 BLASTN 236 1e−21 79
    Q1-K1-A12
    1722 6336 LIB3061-031- LIB3061 g1753086 BLASTN 236 1e−21 80
    Q1-K1-A4
    1723 6336 LIB3061-043- LIB3061 g1753086 BLASTN 236 1e−16 80
    Q1-K1-B10
    MAIZE HLH TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    1724 -700030417 700030417H1 SATMON003 g1477749 BLASTN 42 1e−17 51
    1725 -700151401 700151401H1 SATMON007 g22478 BLASTN 1118 1e−84 98
    1726 -700171510 700171510H1 SATMON013 g1142621 BLASTN 119 1e−18 59
    1727 -700171659 700171659H1 SATMON013 g2351072 BLASTN 245 1e−11 70
    1728 -700205626 700205626H1 SATMON003 g1465368 BLASTN 97 1e−21 75
    1729 -700342458 700342458H1 SATMON021 g1142619 BLASTN 128 1e−19 58
    1730 -700344859 700344859H1 SATMON021 g1575534 BLASTN 133 1e−20 52
    1731 -700428022 700428022H1 SATMONN01 g2351072 BLASTN 293 1e−13 65
    1732 -700574126 700574126H1 SATMON030 g2842468 BLASTN 173 1e−33 56
    1733 -700801387 700801387H1 SATMON036 g1142621 BLASTN 124 1e−19 51
    1734 13465 700204307H1 SATMON003 g1142621 BLASTN 126 1e−20 36
    1735 13465 700205715H1 SATMON003 g1142621 BLASTN 116 1e−18 39
    1736 14163 700045811H1 SATMON004 g2351072 BLASTN 382 1e−21 69
    1737 14163 700222784H1 SATMON011 g2351072 BLASTN 373 1e−22 69
    1738 31730 LIB3066-012- LIB3066 g1142619 BLASTN 54 1e−33 55
    Q1-K1-B6
    1739 32755 LIB189-008- LIB189 g1142619 BLASTN 141 1e−43 49
    Q1-E1-D8
    1740 459 700577179H1 SATMON031 g431265 BLASTN 188 1e−09 80
    1741 8305 700027525H1 SATMON003 g1465367 BLASTN 211 1e−15 72
    1742 8305 700206468H1 SATMON003 g1465367 BLASTN 263 1e−19 72
    1743 8305 700214194H1 SATMON016 g1465367 BLASTN 170 1e−10 73
    1744 8305 700453272H1 SATMON028 g1465367 BLASTN 209 1e−15 72
    1745 8305 LIB143-037- LIB143 g1465367 BLASTN 298 1e−21 73
    Q1-E1-E3
    SOYBEAN HOMEOBOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    1746 -700555559 700555559H1 SOYMON001 g1173621 BLASTN 439 1e−26 72
    1747 -700560219 700560219H1 SOYMON001 g1173622 BLASTN 141 1e−29 53
    1748 -700565743 700565743H1 SOYMON002 g2464893 BLASTN 98 1e−17 45
    1749 -700649042 700649042H1 SOYMON003 g533708 BLASTN 598 1e−39 75
    1750 -700651436 700651436H1 SOYMON003 g606952 BLASTN 171 1e−31 59
    1751 -700654022 700654022H1 SOYMON003 g549886 BLASTN 56 1e−17 60
    1752 -700659382 700659382H1 SOYMON004 g1435021 BLASTN 102 1e−20 42
    1753 -700663176 700663176H1 SOYMON005 g1814423 BLASTN 572 1e−38 75
    1754 -700664572 700664572H1 SOYMON005 g1814424 BLASTN 91 1e−18 64
    1755 -700665913 700665913H1 SOYMON005 g507219 BLASTN 240 1e−16 64
    1756 -700667947 700667947H1 SOYMON006 g507797 BLASTN 560 1e−49 75
    1757 -700673793 700673793H1 SOYMON007 g930065 BLASTN 41 1e−18 47
    1758 -700676275 700676275H1 SOYMON007 g1946221 BLASTN 865 1e−63 80
    1759 -700684289 700684289H1 SOYMON008 g1122533 BLASTN 80 1e−17 59
    1760 -700725464 700725464H1 SOYMON009 g16019 BLASTN 274 1e−22 74
    1761 -700747348 700747348H1 SOYMON013 g453949 BLASTN 261 1e−46 72
    1762 -700791930 700791930H1 SOYMON011 g1814424 BLASTN 110 1e−25 73
    1763 -700792664 700792664H1 SOYMON017 g2464893 BLASTN 144 1e−21 50
    1764 -700829533 700829533H1 SOYMON019 g767699 BLASTN 634 1e−44 83
    1765 -700833881 700833881H1 SOYMON019 g2464893 BLASTN 170 1e−28 55
    1766 -700839629 700839629H1 SOYMON020 g1122532 BLASTN 538 1e−35 70
    1767 -700843769 700843769H1 SOYMON021 g527628 BLASTN 631 1e−43 79
    1768 -700845147 700845147H1 SOYMON021 g349379 BLASTN 138 1e−25 80
    1769 -700853988 700853988H1 SOYMON023 g1173829 BLASTN 454 1e−28 74
    1770 -700854082 700854082H1 SOYMON023 g1881536 BLASTN 113 1e−21 62
    1771 -700869580 700869580H1 SOYMON016 g767697 BLASTN 292 1e−21 66
    1772 -700872483 700872483H1 SOYMON018 g1045041 BLASTN 312 1e−29 83
    1773 -700890624 700890624H1 SOYMON024 g2244990 BLASTN 166 1e−24 80
    1774 -700893192 700893192H1 SOYMON024 g767697 BLASTN 596 1e−40 76
    1775 -700893942 700893942H1 SOYMON024 g2464893 BLASTN 159 1e−25 52
    1776 -700893970 700893970H1 SOYMON024 g1008878 BLASTN 424 1e−26 66
    1777 -700894248 700894248H1 SOYMON024 g666128 BLASTN 181 1e−26 66
    1778 -700904909 700904909H1 SOYMON022 g453948 BLASTN 485 1e−31 81
    1779 -700908207 700908207H1 SOYMON022 g2244990 BLASTN 131 1e−28 80
    1780 -700910094 700910094H1 SOYMON022 g533708 BLASTN 765 1e−59 81
    1781 -700942657 700942657H1 SOYMON024 g310568 BLASTN 652 1e−72 85
    1782 -700943207 700943207H1 SOYMON024 g1881536 BLASTN 131 1e−31 59
    1783 -700943363 700943363H1 SOYMON024 g310568 BLASTN 412 1e−43 87
    1784 -700945149 700945149H1 SOYMON024 g310568 BLASTN 618 1e−52 94
    1785 -700953112 700953112H1 SOYMON022 g2464893 BLASTN 131 1e−19 68
    1786 -700954444 700954444H1 SOYMON022 g2388574 BLASTN 114 1e−17 100
    1787 -700957315 700957315H1 SOYMON022 g499164 BLASTN 122 1e−18 51
    1788 -700957441 700957441H1 SOYMON022 g2306989 BLASTN 53 1e−17 79
    1789 -700958607 700958607H1 SOYMON022 g2529702 BLASTN 479 1e−51 77
    1790 -700959655 700959655H1 SOYMON022 g533708 BLASTN 695 1e−49 81
    1791 -700959810 700959810H1 SOYMON022 g1173829 BLASTN 539 1e−36 68
    1792 -700962277 700962277H1 SOYMON022 g1814424 BLASTN 103 1e−21 46
    1793 -700962294 700962294H1 SOYMON022 g1122533 BLASTN 116 1e−17 95
    1794 -700964766 700964766H1 SOYMON022 g1045042 BLASTN 144 1e−23 71
    1795 -700966827 700966827H1 SOYMON028 g1946221 BLASTN 481 1e−31 84
    1796 -700966971 700966971H1 SOYMON029 g1946221 BLASTN 747 1e−53 77
    1797 -700967672 700967672H1 SOYMON032 g527630 BLASTN 596 1e−40 77
    1798 -700969205 700969205H1 SOYMON005 g527632 BLASTN 801 1e−57 79
    1799 -700974644 700974644H1 SOYMON005 g507219 BLASTN 583 1e−44 75
    1800 -700974946 700974946H1 SOYMON005 g666128 BLASTN 183 1e−26 62
    1801 -700986825 700986825H1 SOYMON009 g1946221 BLASTN 561 1e−37 75
    1802 -700989250 700989250H1 SOYMON011 g453948 BLASTN 509 1e−49 78
    1803 -700992777 700992777H1 SOYMON011 g1122533 BLASTN 214 1e−31 58
    1804 -700993450 700993450H1 SOYMON011 g767700 BLASTN 585 1e−39 68
    1805 -700995393 700995393H1 SOYMON011 g1167915 BLASTN 488 1e−30 78
    1806 -700996901 700996901H1 SOYMON018 g2464893 BLASTN 122 1e−18 75
    1807 -701007678 701007678H1 SOYMON019 g166756 BLASTN 115 1e−19 100
    1808 -701009713 701009713H1 SOYMON019 g2501810 BLASTN 117 1e−21 41
    1809 -701009968 701009968H2 SOYMON019 g1435023 BLASTN 165 1e−25 78
    1810 -701012033 701012033H1 SOYMON019 g1234900 BLASTN 138 1e−21 88
    1811 -701013785 701013785H1 SOYMON019 g2464893 BLASTN 164 1e−24 93
    1812 -701014405 701014405H1 SOYMON019 g1045041 BLASTN 459 1e−29 68
    1813 -701037074 701037074H1 SOYMON029 g1122533 BLASTN 99 1e−18 71
    1814 -701038758 701038758H1 SOYMON029 g1946221 BLASTN 628 1e−43 82
    1815 -701042583 701042583H1 SOYMON029 g1946221 BLASTN 907 1e−66 86
    1816 -701044439 701044439H1 SOYMON032 g1814424 BLASTN 198 1e−29 51
    1817 -701044558 701044558H1 SOYMON032 g1173622 BLASTN 159 1e−24 87
    1818 -701050612 701050612H1 SOYMON032 g527632 BLASTN 599 1e−41 77
    1819 -701119065 701119065H1 SOYMON037 g1946221 BLASTN 451 1e−28 81
    1820 -701128657 701128657H1 SOYMON037 g310568 BLASTN 593 1e−48 90
    1821 -701133994 701133994H2 SOYMON038 g453949 BLASTN 247 1e−36 60
    1822 -701134378 701134378H1 SOYMON038 g1435023 BLASTN 128 1e−19 87
    1823 -701136723 701136723H1 SOYMON038 g19486 BLASTN 180 1e−27 57
    1824 -701137384 701137384H1 SOYMON038 g606952 BLASTN 169 1e−25 57
    1825 -701141686 701141686H1 SOYMON038 g349378 BLASTN 316 1e−36 74
    1826 -701145388 701145388H1 SOYMON031 g453949 BLASTN 111 1e−19 67
    1827 -701146987 701146987H1 SOYMON031 g549887 BLASTN 177 1e−30 71
    1828 -701147041 701147041H1 SOYMON031 g1814424 BLASTN 257 1e−37 63
    1829 -701205621 701205621H1 SOYMON035 g349378 BLASTN 500 1e−32 75
    1830 -701206538 701206538H1 SOYMON035 g1234899 BLASTN 465 1e−29 76
    1831 -701211327 701211327H1 SOYMON035 g533708 BLASTN 920 1e−67 84
    1832 -701211696 701211696H1 SOYMON035 g396198 BLASTN 227 1e−17 75
    1833 -701211947 701211947H1 SOYMON035 g1173621 BLASTN 446 1e−27 81
    1834 -701215129 701215129H1 SOYMON035 g453948 BLASTN 437 1e−45 80
    1835 10171 700953820H1 SOYMON022 g313113 BLASTN 179 1e−26 85
    1836 1047 700787538H1 SOYMON011 g1122533 BLASTN 174 1e−25 40
    1837 1047 700834648H1 SOYMON019 g1122533 BLASTN 190 1e−28 50
    1838 1047 700834669H1 SOYMON019 g1122533 BLASTN 217 1e−31 47
    1839 1047 700864996H1 SOYMON016 g1122533 BLASTN 213 1e−31 45
    1840 10628 700835067H1 SOYMON019 g1435023 BLASTN 200 1e−31 82
    1841 10628 700953324H1 SOYMON022 g1435023 BLASTN 130 1e−20 75
    1842 10628 LIB3051-044- LIB3051 g767700 BLASTN 649 1e−43 77
    Q1-K1-G5
    1843 10951 700663182H1 SOYMON005 g767700 BLASTN 391 1e−40 76
    1844 10951 700797519H1 SOYMON017 g767700 BLASTN 637 1e−44 76
    1845 10951 700849171H1 SOYMON021 g767700 BLASTN 541 1e−36 75
    1846 10951 700865713H1 SOYMON016 g499162 BLASTN 83 1e−17 58
    1847 10951 700901065H1 SOYMON027 g767700 BLASTN 606 1e−41 75
    1848 10951 700907319H1 SOYMON022 g767700 BLASTN 521 1e−43 74
    1849 10951 700956307H1 SOYMON022 g767700 BLASTN 687 1e−48 76
    1850 10951 701100975H1 SOYMON028 g1435023 BLASTN 158 1e−24 55
    1851 10951 701119381H1 SOYMON037 g767700 BLASTN 646 1e−45 75
    1852 10951 701127370H1 SOYMON037 g767700 BLASTN 764 1e−54 76
    1853 10951 701146808H1 SOYMON031 g767700 BLASTN 398 1e−41 78
    1854 10951 LIB3030-008- LIB3030 g767700 BLASTN 397 1e−34 73
    Q1-B1-G4
    1855 11866 700891680H1 SOYMON024 g2529703 BLASTN 140 1e−25 62
    1856 12278 701066638H1 SOYMON034 g16327 BLASTN 194 1e−10 80
    1857 12636 700662285H1 SOYMON005 g1234899 BLASTN 229 1e−17 81
    1858 12636 701038730H1 SOYMON029 g1234899 BLASTN 184 1e−13 84
    1859 13299 700843946H1 SOYMON021 g1435021 BLASTN 202 1e−29 57
    1860 13299 700984301H1 SOYMON009 g1435021 BLASTN 95 1e−17 60
    1861 13299 701121896H1 SOYMON037 g1435021 BLASTN 176 1e−25 58
    1862 13299 LIB3040-007- LIB3040 g1435021 BLASTN 133 1e−36 46
    Q1-E1-A1
    1863 13344 700830015H1 SOYMON019 g349378 BLASTN 406 1e−35 84
    1864 13344 701070177H1 SOYMON034 g349378 BLASTN 780 1e−61 82
    1865 13595 700872792H1 SOYMON018 g1122533 BLASTN 197 1e−29 78
    1866 1426 700952294H1 SOYMON022 g19357 BLASTN 390 1e−41 82
    1867 15006 701109138H1 SOYMON036 g313113 BLASTN 192 1e−28 62
    1868 15688 700943842H1 SOYMON024 g527628 BLASTN 788 1e−56 77
    1869 15688 700979909H1 SOYMON009 g1165131 BLASTN 338 1e−21 72
    1870 16 700968161H1 SOYMON035 g16155 BLASTN 356 1e−35 78
    1871 16 701145163H1 SOYMON031 g313112 BLASTN 529 1e−35 79
    1872 16 701208220H1 SOYMON035 g396198 BLASTN 589 1e−53 79
    1873 16 701212468H1 SOYMON035 g396198 BLASTN 545 1e−49 79
    1874 16 701215351H1 SOYMON035 g848998 BLASTN 865 1e−63 79
    1875 16 LIB3049-006- LIB3049 g848998 BLASTN 1098 1e−82 79
    Q1-E1-D4
    1876 16 LIB3049-050- LIB3049 g396198 BLASTN 477 1e−53 79
    Q1-E1-B12
    1877 1658 700556120H1 SOYMON001 g1161574 BLASTN 259 1e−10 77
    1878 1658 700559250H1 SOYMON001 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1879 1658 700565790H1 SOYMON002 g767697 BLASTN 247 1e−10 76
    1880 1658 700653746H1 SOYMON003 g349262 BLASTN 447 1e−28 71
    1881 1658 700673109H1 SOYMON006 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1882 1658 700685043H1 SOYMON008 g767697 BLASTN 259 1e−10 77
    1883 1658 700686169H1 SOYMON008 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1884 1658 700741361H1 SOYMON012 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1885 1658 700749356H1 SOYMON013 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1886 1658 700797949H1 SOYMON017 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1887 1658 700833223H1 SOYMON019 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1888 1658 700834106H1 SOYMON019 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1889 1658 700845743H1 SOYMON021 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1890 1658 700848684H1 SOYMON021 g767697 BLASTN 254 1e−10 76
    1891 1658 700874876H1 SOYMON018 g349263 BLASTN 102 1e−17 64
    1892 1658 700906912H1 SOYMON022 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1893 1658 700952665H1 SOYMON022 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1894 1658 700974873H1 SOYMON005 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1895 1658 700997270H1 SOYMON018 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1896 1658 701012341H1 SOYMON019 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−12 79
    1897 1658 701015394H1 SOYMON019 g1161574 BLASTN 242 1e−09 83
    1898 1658 701041243H1 SOYMON029 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1899 1658 701042768H1 SOYMON029 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1900 1658 701059909H1 SOYMON033 g1161574 BLASTN 623 1e−43 71
    1901 1658 701063152H1 SOYMON033 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1902 1658 701102929H1 SOYMON028 g767697 BLASTN 240 1e−09 74
    1903 1658 701106204H1 SOYMON036 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1904 1658 701124334H1 SOYMON037 g349262 BLASTN 406 1e−25 70
    1905 1658 701149165H1 SOYMON031 g767697 BLASTN 259 1e−10 77
    1906 1658 LIB3055-007- LIB3055 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    Q1-N1-C5
    1907 1658 LIB3040-041- LIB3040 g767697 BLASTN 250 1e−09 78
    Q1-E1-A7
    1908 1718 LIB3050-004- LIB3050 g2914706 BLASTN 175 1e−49 87
    Q1-E1-E10
    1909 17759 700944041H1 SOYMON024 g1435021 BLASTN 186 1e−27 65
    1910 17759 700962082H1 SOYMON022 g1435021 BLASTN 176 1e−25 62
    1911 17759 700989672H1 SOYMON011 g767697 BLASTN 516 1e−34 66
    1912 17759 701132610H1 SOYMON038 g767695 BLASTN 362 1e−34 71
    1913 17759 LIB3056-005- LIB3056 g166753 BLASTN 492 1e−30 68
    Q1-N1-G1
    1914 18347 700646488H1 SOYMON013 g1122533 BLASTN 223 1e−40 59
    1915 18484 700731466H1 SOYMON010 g549887 BLASTN 121 1e−25 83
    1916 18636 700868354H1 SOYMON016 g453948 BLASTN 462 1e−29 75
    1917 18636 700868363H1 SOYMON016 g1045042 BLASTN 162 1e−24 83
    1918 18636 700959894H1 SOYMON022 g453948 BLASTN 523 1e−34 79
    1919 18636 LIB3040-005- LIB3040 g453948 BLASTN 355 1e−18 77
    Q1-E1-B5
    1920 18636 LIB3040-006- LIB3040 g453948 BLASTN 523 1e−79 77
    Q1-E1-B12
    1921 18636 LIB3039-044- LIB3039 g453948 BLASTN 523 1e−57 78
    Q1-E1-D1
    1922 19378 700681050H1 SOYMON008 g1122533 BLASTN 194 1e−37 63
    1923 19378 700865851H1 SOYMON016 g1122532 BLASTN 529 1e−35 70
    1924 20880 700684286H1 SOYMON008 g2464893 BLASTN 142 1e−21 54
    1925 20880 700953247H1 SOYMON022 g2464893 BLASTN 124 1e−18 49
    1926 21539 700990486H1 SOYMON011 g533708 BLASTN 462 1e−28 75
    1927 21600 700958592H1 SOYMON022 g1814424 BLASTN 298 1e−42 74
    1928 21600 700958595H1 SOYMON022 g1814424 BLASTN 311 1e−44 76
    1929 21665 700757588H1 SOYMON015 g396199 BLASTN 109 1e−20 74
    1930 22239 701204823H1 SOYMON035 g396198 BLASTN 859 1e−62 77
    1931 22239 701207895H1 SOYMON035 g396198 BLASTN 568 1e−46 81
    1932 2236 700559386H1 SOYMON001 g1234899 BLASTN 1400 1e−108 98
    1933 2236 700684212H1 SOYMON008 g1234899 BLASTN 230 1e−13 92
    1934 2236 700684793H1 SOYMON008 g1234899 BLASTN 383 1e−73 98
    1935 2236 700684939H1 SOYMON008 g1234899 BLASTN 784 1e−90 91
    1936 2236 700897221H1 SOYMON027 g1234899 BLASTN 1104 1e−83 95
    1937 2236 700909715H1 SOYMON022 g1234899 BLASTN 586 1e−89 100
    1938 2236 701064059H1 SOYMON034 g1234899 BLASTN 1241 1e−94 98
    1939 22386 700559832H1 SOYMON001 g349378 BLASTN 236 1e−08 61
    1940 22386 700730196H1 SOYMON009 g349378 BLASTN 231 1e−12 74
    1941 22386 701009892H1 SOYMON019 g349378 BLASTN 231 1e−09 71
    1942 22840 700605162H2 SOYMON003 g16327 BLASTN 489 1e−30 78
    1943 22840 701152996H1 SOYMON031 g16327 BLASTN 614 1e−42 73
    1944 23172 700897094H1 SOYMON027 g1814423 BLASTN 604 1e−41 70
    1945 23172 701202488H1 SOYMON035 g1814423 BLASTN 346 1e−35 75
    1946 23688 700676705H1 SOYMON007 g2464906 BLASTN 203 1e−40 78
    1947 23962 700903463H1 SOYMON022 g16023 BLASTN 594 1e−40 80
    1948 23962 701153884H1 SOYMON031 g16023 BLASTN 588 1e−40 82
    1949 25170 701041521H1 SOYMON029 g1122533 BLASTN 171 1e−25 72
    1950 25474 701012028H1 SOYMON019 g1234899 BLASTN 618 1e−52 83
    1951 25474 701012112H1 SOYMON019 g1234899 BLASTN 380 1e−31 71
    1952 25474 LIB3051-100- LIB3051 g1234900 BLASTN 157 1e−43 81
    Q1-K1-D12
    1953 2561 700762637H1 SOYMON015 g1234899 BLASTN 263 1e−12 82
    1954 2561 700967837H1 SOYMON033 g1234899 BLASTN 265 1e−14 80
    1955 26795 701212551H1 SOYMON035 g1045044 BLASTN 163 1e−24 78
    1956 27638 701052052H1 SOYMON032 g2529701 BLASTN 171 1e−31 66
    1957 27638 701054452H1 SOYMON032 g310568 BLASTN 502 1e−33 81
    1958 29282 701053129H1 SOYMON032 g349381 BLASTN 147 1e−24 64
    1959 29318 701064091H1 SOYMON034 g1234899 BLASTN 212 1e−16 84
    1960 30433 701131088H1 SOYMON038 g767695 BLASTN 406 1e−23 75
    1961 30433 LIB3051-016- LIB3051 g767695 BLASTN 614 1e−40 71
    Q1-E1-G10
    1962 30817 700560926H1 SOYMON001 g1814423 BLASTN 416 1e−51 77
    1963 30817 700756294H1 SOYMON014 g1814423 BLASTN 506 1e−33 73
    1964 30817 LIB3051-115- LIB3051 g1814424 BLASTN 241 1e−87 79
    Q1-K1-G7
    1965 30817 LIB3051-115- LIB3051 g1814423 BLASTN 486 1e−29 70
    Q1-K1-G8
    1966 31478 700755133H1 SOYMON014 g1173829 BLASTN 589 1e−40 78
    1967 31478 LIB3051-048- LIB3051 g1173829 BLASTN 1200 1e−91 75
    Q1-K1-G8
    1968 32951 700974967H1 SOYMON005 g19486 BLASTN 138 1e−21 55
    1969 32951 LIB3051-108- LIB3051 g19486 BLASTN 149 1e−38 55
    Q1-K1-H9
    1970 33012 LIB3040-002- LIB3040 g1814234 BLASTN 110 1e−36 59
    Q1-E1-A3
    1971 3353 700559837H1 SOYMON001 g767700 BLASTN 632 1e−43 74
    1972 3353 700646560H1 SOYMON014 g767700 BLASTN 413 1e−54 77
    1973 3353 700739015H1 SOYMON012 g1435023 BLASTN 189 1e−51 79
    1974 3353 700763993H1 SOYMON019 g767700 BLASTN 648 1e−45 80
    1975 3353 700832983H1 SOYMON019 g767700 BLASTN 637 1e−44 70
    1976 3353 700863990H1 SOYMON016 g1435023 BLASTN 253 1e−38 65
    1977 3353 700873703H1 SOYMON018 g767700 BLASTN 799 1e−57 77
    1978 3353 700944678H1 SOYMON024 g767700 BLASTN 760 1e−54 78
    1979 3353 701014184H1 SOYMON019 g767700 BLASTN 614 1e−56 76
    1980 3353 701133677H2 SOYMON038 g767700 BLASTN 486 1e−51 74
    1981 3353 701136948H1 SOYMON038 g767700 BLASTN 465 1e−28 75
    1982 3353 LIB3030-007- LIB3030 g767700 BLASTN 1081 1e−81 75
    Q1-B1-A2
    1983 3353 LIB3051-002- LIB3051 g767700 BLASTN 874 1e−64 76
    Q1-E1-F10
    1984 3353 LIB3051-015- LIB3051 g767700 BLASTN 953 1e−70 75
    Q1-E1-E9
    1985 5429 LIB3051-108- LIB3051 g2914706 BLASTN 129 1e−43 56
    Q1-K1-A3
    1986 5724 700672222H1 SOYMON006 g499163 BLASTN 269 1e−11 72
    1987 5724 700877190H1 SOYMON018 g499163 BLASTN 280 1e−12 71
    1988 5724 700954530H1 SOYMON022 g499164 BLASTN 235 1e−34 64
    1989 5724 701147769H1 SOYMON031 g499164 BLASTN 78 1e−24 58
    1990 5724 LIB3030-002- LIB3030 g3153207 BLASTN 153 1e−45 57
    Q1-B1-A10
    1991 5936 700606207H1 SOYMON008 g349266 BLASTN 452 1e−29 80
    1992 7300 700671024H1 SOYMON006 g1435023 BLASTN 149 1e−22 71
    1993 7300 700788665H1 SOYMON011 g1435023 BLASTN 212 1e−32 75
    1994 7484 LIB3065-014- LIB3065 g499162 BLASTN 93 1e−38 62
    Q1-N1-F3
    1995 7661 700728721H1 SOYMON009 g767697 BLASTN 637 1e−44 75
    1996 7661 700871987H1 SOYMON018 g767695 BLASTN 579 1e−39 76
    1997 7661 700874351H1 SOYMON018 g767695 BLASTN 555 1e−37 74
    1998 7661 700876296H1 SOYMON018 g1435021 BLASTN 190 1e−36 75
    1999 8490 701036975H1 SOYMON029 g2464893 BLASTN 197 1e−28 69
    2000 9415 700865525H1 SOYMON016 g1122532 BLASTN 501 1e−32 70
    SOYBEAN HLH TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    2001 -700555065 700555065H1 SOYMON001 g1142618 BLASTN 434 1e−70 84
    2002 -700559493 700559493H1 SOYMON001 g53018 BLASTN 131 1e−38 74
    2003 -700667019 700667019H1 SOYMON005 g1142618 BLASTN 777 1e−55 83
    2004 -700685842 700685842H1 SOYMON008 g2351072 BLASTN 453 1e−27 74
    2005 -700727678 700727678H1 SOYMON009 g1142619 BLASTN 115 1e−17 79
    2006 -700789561 700789561H2 SOYMON011 g2351072 BLASTN 231 1e−20 69
    2007 -700876112 700876112H1 SOYMON018 g1154626 BLASTN 328 1e−30 80
    2008 -700898156 700898156H1 SOYMON027 g1142618 BLASTN 370 1e−40 78
    2009 -700909057 700909057H1 SOYMON022 g1142618 BLASTN 461 1e−29 88
    2010 -700953178 700953178H1 SOYMON022 g1142619 BLASTN 85 1e−20 89
    2011 -700963882 700963882H1 SOYMON022 g2351072 BLASTN 621 1e−43 73
    2012 -700969727 700969727H1 SOYMON005 g2351072 BLASTN 192 1e−09 73
    2013 -700981519 700981519H1 SOYMON009 g1142619 BLASTN 220 1e−32 86
    2014 -700982772 700982772H1 SOYMON009 g1142618 BLASTN 536 1e−49 81
    2015 -700992250 700992250H1 SOYMON011 g1142618 BLASTN 529 1e−35 73
    2016 -700995549 700995549H1 SOYMON011 g1154626 BLASTN 378 1e−39 74
    2017 -701061047 701061047H1 SOYMON033 g527663 BLASTN 67 1e−18 49
    2018 -701065109 701065109H1 SOYMON034 g527663 BLASTN 67 1e−17 52
    2019 -701098613 701098613H1 SOYMON028 g2351072 BLASTN 409 1e−23 67
    2020 -701099791 701099791H1 SOYMON028 g1142618 BLASTN 535 1e−35 73
    2021 -701104269 701104269H1 SOYMON036 g2351072 BLASTN 270 1e−11 81
    2022 -701105510 701105510H1 SOYMON036 g1154626 BLASTN 142 1e−26 79
    2023 -701108367 701108367H1 SOYMON036 g1142618 BLASTN 934 1e−68 84
    2024 -701148492 701148492H1 SOYMON031 g2351072 BLASTN 574 1e−38 75
    2025 -701154036 701154036H1 SOYMON031 g2351072 BLASTN 588 1e−41 86
    2026 10449 700872082H1 SOYMON018 g1154626 BLASTN 395 1e−34 77
    2027 11917 700749314H1 SOYMON013 g527653 BLASTN 68 1e−18 45
    2028 16 700658882H1 SOYMON004 g343349 BLASTN 580 1e−39 100
    2029 16 700789347H2 SOYMON011 g343349 BLASTN 620 1e−43 100
    2030 16 700970836H1 SOYMON005 g343349 BLASTN 559 1e−37 97
    2031 16 700972287H1 SOYMON005 g343349 BLASTN 405 1e−46 98
    2032 16 LIB3049-025- LIB3049 g343349 BLASTN 624 1e−43 98
    Q1-E1-H12
    2033 16 LIB3040-018- LIB3040 g343349 BLASTN 690 1e−48 97
    Q1-E1-D9
    2034 16 LIB3040-044- LIB3040 g343349 BLASTN 522 1e−34 98
    Q1-E1-F7
    2035 16 LIB3040-049- LIB3040 g343349 BLASTN 678 1e−47 97
    Q1-E1-G6
    2036 16 LIB3049-002- LIB3049 g343349 BLASTN 344 1e−18 79
    Q1-E1-E2
    2037 16785 700653875H1 SOYMON003 g1154626 BLASTN 611 1e−41 77
    2038 18672 700899094H1 SOYMON027 g1142619 BLASTN 170 1e−24 58
    2039 18672 700899263H1 SOYMON027 g1142619 BLASTN 144 1e−21 66
    2040 19346 700761358H1 SOYMON015 g1465368 BLASTN 249 1e−36 88
    2041 20124 700869958H1 SOYMON016 g1142619 BLASTN 139 1e−21 89
    2042 20124 701107971H1 SOYMON036 g1142618 BLASTN 431 1e−27 81
    2043 20916 701102444H1 SOYMON028 g2351072 BLASTN 290 1e−12 72
    2044 2148 700553590H1 SOYMON001 g1465367 BLASTN 216 1e−31 74
    2045 2148 700553889H1 SOYMON001 g1465367 BLASTN 225 1e−17 70
    2046 2148 700660115H1 SOYMON004 g1465367 BLASTN 182 1e−22 75
    2047 2148 700746715H1 SOYMON013 g1465367 BLASTN 198 1e−19 73
    2048 2148 700752031H1 SOYMON014 g1465367 BLASTN 200 1e−26 71
    2049 2148 700835783H1 SOYMON019 g1465367 BLASTN 168 1e−14 76
    2050 25927 701015416H1 SOYMON019 g1465367 BLASTN 205 1e−29 77
    2051 25927 701066344H1 SOYMON034 g1465367 BLASTN 246 1e−09 64
    2052 25927 701150978H1 SOYMON031 g1465367 BLASTN 196 1e−19 75
    2053 3134 700560257H1 SOYMON001 g2351072 BLASTN 306 1e−44 78
    2054 3134 700698382H1 SOYMON017 g2351072 BLASTN 345 1e−35 77
    2055 3134 700730295H1 SOYMON009 g2351072 BLASTN 281 1e−20 72
    2056 3134 700747260H1 SOYMON013 g2351072 BLASTN 300 1e−44 76
    2057 3134 700752110H1 SOYMON014 g2351072 BLASTN 345 1e−44 77
    2058 3134 700756323H1 SOYMON014 g2351072 BLASTN 345 1e−44 77
    2059 3134 700790347H2 SOYMON011 g2351072 BLASTN 254 1e−09 67
    2060 3134 700896017H1 SOYMON027 g2351072 BLASTN 303 1e−40 77
    2061 3134 700957024H1 SOYMON022 g2351072 BLASTN 300 1e−39 77
    2062 3134 700964178H1 SOYMON022 g2351072 BLASTN 345 1e−41 79
    2063 3134 700982832H1 SOYMON009 g2351072 BLASTN 345 1e−33 77
    2064 3134 701051341H1 SOYMON032 g2351072 BLASTN 281 1e−40 77
    2065 3134 701104855H1 SOYMON036 g2351072 BLASTN 292 1e−21 73
    2066 3134 701124738H1 SOYMON037 g2351072 BLASTN 281 1e−21 73
    2067 3134 701137532H1 SOYMON038 g2351072 BLASTN 324 1e−21 75
    2068 3134 701215342H1 SOYMON035 g2351072 BLASTN 287 1e−21 73
    2069 3134 LIB3051-017- LIB3051 g2351072 BLASTN 340 1e−31 76
    Q1-E1-C6
    2070 3134 LIB3051-010- LIB3051 g2351072 BLASTN 345 1e−40 77
    Q1-E1-H3
    2071 32315 LIB3051-014- LIB3051 g2351072 BLASTN 385 1e−20 82
    Q1-E1-A8
    2072 32639 LIB3051-023- LIB3051 g2351072 BLASTN 569 1e−35 72
    Q1-K1-A8
    2073 33704 LIB3027-005- LIB3027 g3036810 BLASTN 176 1e−42 66
    Q1-B1-E1
    2074 33819 701065242H1 SOYMON034 g2351072 BLASTN 245 1e−09 64
    2075 33819 LIB3051-041- LIB3051 g2351072 BLASTN 311 1e−27 69
    Q1-K1-D6
    2076 5988 700557524H1 SOYMON001 g1142618 BLASTN 270 1e−12 81
    2077 5988 700746259H1 SOYMON013 g1142619 BLASTN 116 1e−18 64
    2078 5988 700749920H1 SOYMON013 g1142618 BLASTN 259 1e−27 75
    2079 5988 700868390H1 SOYMON016 g1142619 BLASTN 113 1e−24 76
    2080 5988 700900650H1 SOYMON027 g1142618 BLASTN 259 1e−23 70
    2081 5988 700984856H1 SOYMON009 g1142618 BLASTN 243 1e−29 77
    2082 5988 700991037H1 SOYMON011 g1142618 BLASTN 238 1e−10 74
    2083 5988 701000541H1 SOYMON018 g1142618 BLASTN 259 1e−10 81
    2084 5988 701130184H1 SOYMON037 g1142618 BLASTN 259 1e−11 81
    2085 9168 701040904H1 SOYMON029 g2351072 BLASTN 279 1e−12 73
    SOYBEAN LEUCINE ZIPPER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    2086 -700561911 700561911H1 SOYMON002 g2244744 BLASTN 70 1e−24 52
    2087 -700645762 700645762H1 SOYMON010 g600854 BLASTN 420 1e−24 76
    2088 -700651877 700651877H1 SOYMON003 g2253278 BLASTN 150 1e−22 48
    1752 -700659382 700659382H1 SOYMON004 g1435021 BLASTN 102 1e−20 42
    2089 -700664867 700664867H1 SOYMON005 g1905785 BLASTN 136 1e−36 62
    2090 -700666259 700666259H1 SOYMON005 g19275 BLASTN 211 1e−31 45
    2091 -700668136 700668136H1 SOYMON006 g19275 BLASTN 128 1e−19 50
    2092 -700673243 700673243H1 SOYMON006 g179969 BLASTN 187 1e−27 50
    2093 -700683530 700683530H1 SOYMON008 g2244744 BLASTN 192 1e−30 46
    2094 -700726285 700726285H1 SOYMON009 g2317905 BLASTN 116 1e−20 70
    2095 -700729493 700729493H1 SOYMON009 g19274 BLASTN 583 1e−39 76
    2096 -700734757 700734757H1 SOYMON010 g600855 BLASTN 161 1e−23 36
    2097 -700748271 700748271H1 SOYMON013 g1354856 BLASTN 216 1e−10 85
    2098 -700749120 700749120H1 SOYMON013 g19275 BLASTN 119 1e−19 72
    2099 -700753224 700753224H1 SOYMON014 g2317905 BLASTN 146 1e−22 84
    2100 -700755845 700755845H1 SOYMON014 g19275 BLASTN 120 1e−18 69
    2101 -700758569 700758569H1 SOYMON015 g2246376 BLASTN 116 1e−17 39
    2102 -700790606 700790606H2 SOYMON011 g2244744 BLASTN 114 1e−18 60
    2103 -700791712 700791712H1 SOYMON011 g1052959 BLASTN 542 1e−47 86
    2104 -700793594 700793594H1 SOYMON017 g600854 BLASTN 784 1e−56 77
    2105 -700794075 700794075H1 SOYMON017 g600855 BLASTN 165 1e−24 73
    2106 -700795892 700795892H1 SOYMON017 g2264378 BLASTN 149 1e−22 61
    1764 -700829533 700829533H1 SOYMON019 g767699 BLASTN 634 1e−44 83
    2107 -700834555 700834555H1 SOYMON019 g600855 BLASTN 138 1e−21 34
    2108 -700834891 700834891H1 SOYMON019 g1769891 BLASTN 155 1e−23 55
    2109 -700836073 700836073H1 SOYMON019 g2244744 BLASTN 121 1e−19 59
    2110 -700836512 700836512H1 SOYMON020 g2253278 BLASTN 146 1e−22 85
    2111 -700846936 700846936H1 SOYMON021 g1905785 BLASTN 170 1e−25 47
    2112 -700847523 700847523H1 SOYMON021 g1769890 BLASTN 363 1e−19 77
    2113 -700848955 700848955H1 SOYMON021 g1806261 BLASTN 86 1e−18 63
    2114 -700851525 700851525H1 SOYMON023 g19275 BLASTN 169 1e−29 46
    2115 -700852828 700852828H1 SOYMON023 g2264378 BLASTN 117 1e−19 63
    2116 -700868689 700868689H1 SOYMON016 g2317905 BLASTN 130 1e−25 73
    1771 -700869580 700869580H1 SOYMON016 g767697 BLASTN 292 1e−21 66
    2117 -700874241 700874241H1 SOYMON018 g2317905 BLASTN 120 1e−18 53
    2118 -700888837 700888837H1 SOYMON024 g2104676 BLASTN 521 1e−34 78
    2119 -700890849 700890849H1 SOYMON024 g170284 BLASTN 244 1e−09 77
    2120 -700891135 700891135H1 SOYMON024 g2244741 BLASTN 359 1e−19 64
    1774 -700893192 700893192H1 SOYMON024 g767697 BLASTN 596 1e−40 76
    2121 -700905635 700905635H1 SOYMON022 g2253277 BLASTN 590 1e−40 72
    2122 -700909752 700909752H1 SOYMON022 g435944 BLASTN 112 1e−17 48
    2123 -700952976 700952976H1 SOYMON022 g1806261 BLASTN 79 1e−17 68
    2124 -700960533 700960533H1 SOYMON022 g1354856 BLASTN 652 1e−69 89
    2125 -700962359 700962359H1 SOYMON022 g19275 BLASTN 84 1e−20 36
    2126 -700970658 700970658H1 SOYMON005 g19275 BLASTN 193 1e−28 53
    2127 -700972495 700972495H1 SOYMON005 g179969 BLASTN 101 1e−18 46
    2128 -700974981 700974981H1 SOYMON005 g2264378 BLASTN 86 1e−26 64
    2129 -700981471 700981471H1 SOYMON009 g2104674 BLASTN 952 1e−70 84
    2130 -700985719 700985719H1 SOYMON009 g19275 BLASTN 157 1e−23 61
    2131 -700989168 700989168H1 SOYMON011 g2246375 BLASTN 484 1e−37 74
    1804 -700993450 700993450H1 SOYMON011 g767700 BLASTN 585 1e−39 68
    2132 -700995729 700995729H1 SOYMON011 g1354856 BLASTN 170 1e−09 86
    2133 -700999491 700999491H1 SOYMON018 g19275 BLASTN 119 1e−30 46
    2134 -701006225 701006225H2 SOYMON019 g2104674 BLASTN 466 1e−59 80
    2135 -701009436 701009436H1 SOYMON019 g1806261 BLASTN 82 1e−18 68
    2136 -701009486 701009486H1 SOYMON019 g1806261 BLASTN 82 1e−18 68
    1809 -701009968 701009968H2 SOYMON019 g1435023 BLASTN 165 1e−25 78
    1810 -701012033 701012033H1 SOYMON019 g1234900 BLASTN 138 1e−21 88
    2137 -701012878 701012878H1 SOYMON019 g19275 BLASTN 156 1e−25 43
    2138 -701042734 701042734H1 SOYMON029 g2281449 BLASTN 149 1e−24 81
    2139 -701051102 701051102H1 SOYMON032 g1806261 BLASTN 101 1e−22 50
    2140 -701051362 701051362H1 SOYMON032 g19274 BLASTN 595 1e−40 73
    2141 -701064780 701064780H1 SOYMON034 g19275 BLASTN 92 1e−24 40
    2142 -701099882 701099882H1 SOYMON028 g19275 BLASTN 112 1e−28 47
    2143 -701103732 701103732H1 SOYMON036 g21634 BLASTN 544 1e−36 80
    2144 -701120778 701120778H1 SOYMON037 g2104674 BLASTN 458 1e−43 80
    2145 -701126772 701126772H1 SOYMON037 g2104674 BLASTN 538 1e−42 79
    2146 -701128406 701128406H1 SOYMON037 g1806260 BLASTN 798 1e−57 78
    1822 -701134378 701134378H1 SOYMON038 g1435023 BLASTN 128 1e−19 87
    2147 -701142645 701142645H1 SOYMON038 g1354856 BLASTN 555 1e−52 86
    2148 -701147341 701147341H1 SOYMON031 g1806261 BLASTN 82 1e−18 68
    2149 -701149088 701149088H1 SOYMON031 g1122224 BLASTN 243 1e−09 81
    1830 -701206538 701206538H1 SOYMON035 g1234899 BLASTN 465 1e−29 76
    2150 -701208778 701208778H1 SOYMON035 g1769890 BLASTN 389 1e−22 76
    2151 -701210832 701210832H1 SOYMON035 g2246376 BLASTN 75 1e−17 48
    1840 10628 700835067H1 SOYMON019 g1435023 BLASTN 200 1e−31 82
    1841 10628 700953324H1 SOYMON022 g1435023 BLASTN 130 1e−20 75
    1842 10628 LIB3051-044- LIB3051 g767700 BLASTN 649 1e−43 77
    Q1-K1-G5
    2152 10748 701139319H1 SOYMON038 g2317905 BLASTN 137 1e−28 87
    1843 10951 700663182H1 SOYMON005 g767700 BLASTN 391 1e−40 76
    1844 10951 700797519H1 SOYMON017 g767700 BLASTN 637 1e−44 76
    1845 10951 700849171H1 SOYMON021 g767700 BLASTN 541 1e−36 75
    1847 10951 700901065H1 SOYMON027 g767700 BLASTN 606 1e−41 75
    1848 10951 700907319H1 SOYMON022 g767700 BLASTN 521 1e−43 74
    1849 10951 700956307H1 SOYMON022 g767700 BLASTN 687 1e−48 76
    1850 10951 701100975H1 SOYMON028 g1435023 BLASTN 158 1e−24 55
    1851 10951 701119381H1 SOYMON037 g767700 BLASTN 646 1e−45 75
    1852 10951 701127370H1 SOYMON037 g767700 BLASTN 764 1e−54 76
    1853 10951 701146808H1 SOYMON031 g767700 BLASTN 398 1e−41 78
    1854 10951 LIB3030-008- LIB3030 g767700 BLASTN 397 1e−34 73
    Q1-B1-G4
    2153 11924 700562679H1 SOYMON002 g1806261 BLASTN 71 1e−17 74
    2154 12495 700790262H2 SOYMON011 g19274 BLASTN 607 1e−41 73
    2155 12495 700841043H1 SOYMON020 g19274 BLASTN 601 1e−41 74
    2156 12495 701047778H1 SOYMON032 g19274 BLASTN 555 1e−37 67
    2157 12495 701106992H1 SOYMON036 g19274 BLASTN 634 1e−43 74
    2158 12495 LIB3051-071- LIB3051 g19274 BLASTN 848 1e−60 69
    Q1-K1-D6
    1857 12636 700662285H1 SOYMON005 g1234899 BLASTN 229 1e−17 81
    1858 12636 701038730H1 SOYMON029 g1234899 BLASTN 184 1e−13 84
    1859 13299 700843946H1 SOYMON021 g1435021 BLASTN 202 1e−29 57
    1860 13299 700984301H1 SOYMON009 g1435021 BLASTN 95 1e−17 60
    1861 13299 701121896H1 SOYMON037 g1435021 BLASTN 176 1e−25 58
    1862 13299 LIB3040-007- LIB3040 g1435021 BLASTN 133 1e−36 46
    Q1-E1-A1
    2159 1346 700605422H2 SOYMON004 g1052960 BLASTN 120 1e−18 94
    2160 1346 700727420H1 SOYMON009 g1052960 BLASTN 123 1e−18 88
    2161 1346 700753279H1 SOYMON014 g1052960 BLASTN 118 1e−18 88
    2162 1346 700788035H1 SOYMON011 g1033195 BLASTN 91 1e−17 73
    2163 1346 701000501H1 SOYMON018 g1052960 BLASTN 125 1e−19 86
    2164 1346 701105155H1 SOYMON036 g1052960 BLASTN 150 1e−22 96
    2165 1346 701206569H1 SOYMON035 g1052960 BLASTN 120 1e−18 66
    2166 13656 700666194H1 SOYMON005 g19275 BLASTN 135 1e−26 51
    2167 13656 700837919H1 SOYMON020 g19275 BLASTN 95 1e−18 39
    2168 13933 700992117H1 SOYMON011 g1806260 BLASTN 560 1e−37 78
    2169 13933 701104234H1 SOYMON036 g1122224 BLASTN 642 1e−44 79
    2170 14568 700761703H1 SOYMON015 g2244743 BLASTN 250 1e−09 76
    2171 14568 700954176H1 SOYMON022 g2244743 BLASTN 286 1e−12 70
    2172 14792 700753907H1 SOYMON014 g2281448 BLASTN 624 1e−43 73
    2173 14792 700753986H1 SOYMON014 g2281448 BLASTN 600 1e−41 74
    2174 15359 700727763H1 SOYMON009 g2253277 BLASTN 593 1e−40 73
    2175 15359 700727779H1 SOYMON009 g2253277 BLASTN 583 1e−39 74
    2176 15359 700848841H1 SOYMON021 g2253277 BLASTN 756 1e−54 79
    2177 15359 701102682H1 SOYMON028 g2253277 BLASTN 561 1e−37 75
    2178 15361 700562280H1 SOYMON002 g1769890 BLASTN 258 1e−10 83
    2179 15361 700676747H1 SOYMON007 g1769890 BLASTN 252 1e−10 83
    2180 15361 700975661H1 SOYMON009 g1769890 BLASTN 242 1e−09 80
    1869 15688 700979909H1 SOYMON009 g1165131 BLASTN 338 1e−21 72
    2181 16380 700557554H1 SOYMON001 g1052959 BLASTN 691 1e−48 85
    2182 16380 700557785H1 SOYMON001 g1052959 BLASTN 687 1e−63 82
    2183 16380 700742445H1 SOYMON012 g1052959 BLASTN 697 1e−49 85
    2184 16380 700980606H1 SOYMON009 g1052959 BLASTN 910 1e−67 80
    1878 1658 700559250H1 SOYMON001 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1879 1658 700565790H1 SOYMON002 g767697 BLASTN 247 1e−10 76
    1881 1658 700673109H1 SOYMON006 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1882 1658 700685043H1 SOYMON008 g767697 BLASTN 259 1e−10 77
    1883 1658 700686169H1 SOYMON008 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1884 1658 700741361H1 SOYMON012 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1885 1658 700749356H1 SOYMON013 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1886 1658 700797949H1 SOYMON017 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1887 1658 700833223H1 SOYMON019 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1888 1658 700834106H1 SOYMON019 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1889 1658 700845743H1 SOYMON021 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1890 1658 700848684H1 SOYMON021 g767697 BLASTN 254 1e−10 76
    1892 1658 700906912H1 SOYMON022 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1893 1658 700952665H1 SOYMON022 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1894 1658 700974873H1 SOYMON005 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1895 1658 700997270H1 SOYMON018 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1896 1658 701012341H1 SOYMON019 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−12 79
    1898 1658 701041243H1 SOYMON029 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1899 1658 701042768H1 SOYMON029 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1901 1658 701063152H1 SOYMON033 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    1902 1658 701102929H1 SOYMON028 g767697 BLASTN 240 1e−09 74
    1903 1658 701106204H1 SOYMON036 g767697 BLASTN 261 1e−10 77
    1905 1658 701149165H1 SOYMON031 g767697 BLASTN 259 1e−10 77
    1906 1658 LIB3055-007- LIB3055 g767697 BLASTN 268 1e−11 79
    Q1-N1-C5
    1907 1658 LIB3040-041- LIB3040 g767697 BLASTN 250 1e−09 78
    Q1-E1-A7
    2185 17462 700873358H1 SOYMON018 g1354856 BLASTN 613 1e−68 93
    2186 17462 700875170H1 SOYMON018 g1354856 BLASTN 688 1e−71 91
    2187 17462 701009071H1 SOYMON019 g1354856 BLASTN 678 1e−78 92
    1909 17759 700944041H1 SOYMON024 g1435021 BLASTN 186 1e−27 65
    1910 17759 700962082H1 SOYMON022 g1435021 BLASTN 176 1e−25 62
    1911 17759 700989672H1 SOYMON011 g767697 BLASTN 516 1e−34 66
    1912 17759 701132610H1 SOYMON038 g767695 BLASTN 362 1e−34 71
    2188 18428 700663968H1 SOYMON005 g21634 BLASTN 385 1e−21 71
    2189 18428 701105724H1 SOYMON036 g21634 BLASTN 220 1e−13 79
    2190 18829 700865466H1 SOYMON016 g2104674 BLASTN 867 1e−63 79
    2191 18829 700869767H1 SOYMON016 g2104674 BLASTN 882 1e−64 81
    2192 19335 700680951H1 SOYMON008 g21634 BLASTN 353 1e−18 70
    2193 19537 700679859H1 SOYMON007 g1769891 BLASTN 236 1e−36 64
    2194 19537 701041921H1 SOYMON029 g1769891 BLASTN 175 1e−27 58
    2195 19537 701099652H1 SOYMON028 g1769891 BLASTN 154 1e−43 69
    2196 19537 LIB3051-088- LIB3051 g1865679 BLASTN 253 1e−54 64
    Q1-K1-F7
    2197 19580 700678758H1 SOYMON007 g2244741 BLASTN 356 1e−18 71
    2198 19580 700897588H1 SOYMON027 g394735 BLASTN 319 1e−15 80
    2199 19841 700959859H1 SOYMON022 g600855 BLASTN 120 1e−18 36
    2200 20008 700849537H1 SOYMON021 g21634 BLASTN 777 1e−55 79
    2201 20396 700556282H1 SOYMON001 g1033194 BLASTN 909 1e−66 82
    2202 20396 700681445H2 SOYMON008 g1052959 BLASTN 458 1e−55 81
    2203 20396 701104460H1 SOYMON036 g1033194 BLASTN 676 1e−47 76
    2204 20396 701107626H1 SOYMON036 g1033194 BLASTN 759 1e−54 77
    2205 20396 701145282H1 SOYMON031 g1033194 BLASTN 472 1e−40 77
    2206 20396 701215204H1 SOYMON035 g1033194 BLASTN 793 1e−57 83
    2207 20815 700869282H1 SOYMON016 g1769891 BLASTN 293 1e−44 74
    2208 20815 700871948H1 SOYMON018 g2244741 BLASTN 286 1e−13 70
    2209 20815 700969992H1 SOYMON005 g1769891 BLASTN 174 1e−27 71
    2210 20815 701007846H1 SOYMON019 g1769891 BLASTN 142 1e−22 69
    2211 20815 701049420H1 SOYMON032 g2244741 BLASTN 285 1e−12 75
    2212 20815 701214473H1 SOYMON035 g1769891 BLASTN 189 1e−29 66
    2213 20815 701215050H1 SOYMON035 g2244741 BLASTN 268 1e−12 75
    2214 20815 LIB3053-001- LIB3053 g1865679 BLASTN 185 1e−48 48
    Q1-B1-A11
    2215 21267 700669496H1 SOYMON006 g19275 BLASTN 145 1e−22 39
    1932 2236 700559386H1 SOYMON001 g1234899 BLASTN 1400 1e−108 98
    1933 2236 700684212H1 SOYMON008 g1234899 BLASTN 230 1e−13 92
    1934 2236 700684793H1 SOYMON008 g1234899 BLASTN 383 1e−73 98
    1935 2236 700684939H1 SOYMON008 g1234899 BLASTN 784 1e−90 91
    1936 2236 700897221H1 SOYMON027 g1234899 BLASTN 1104 1e−83 95
    1937 2236 700909715H1 SOYMON022 g1234899 BLASTN 586 1e−89 100
    1938 2236 701064059H1 SOYMON034 g1234899 BLASTN 1241 1e−94 98
    2216 227 700662032H1 SOYMON005 g1060934 BLASTN 237 1e−08 78
    2217 227 700835836H1 SOYMON019 g394735 BLASTN 233 1e−08 94
    2218 227 700870756H1 SOYMON018 g394735 BLASTN 233 1e−08 94
    2219 227 700872734H1 SOYMON018 g394735 BLASTN 233 1e−08 94
    2220 227 700956305H1 SOYMON022 g394735 BLASTN 233 1e−08 94
    2221 227 700961356H1 SOYMON022 g394735 BLASTN 233 1e−08 94
    2222 227 701131689H1 SOYMON038 g1060934 BLASTN 237 1e−08 78
    2223 23249 701044782H1 SOYMON032 g1806260 BLASTN 585 1e−39 73
    2224 23249 701044786H1 SOYMON032 g1806260 BLASTN 482 1e−31 79
    2225 23935 701152085H1 SOYMON031 g1769891 BLASTN 197 1e−30 53
    2226 23935 701153866H1 SOYMON031 g1769891 BLASTN 167 1e−25 53
    2227 23935 LIB3049-042- LIB3049 g2244742 BLASTN 132 1e−47 38
    Q1-E1-E6
    2228 24581 700961244H1 SOYMON022 g19275 BLASTN 216 1e−31 63
    2229 24581 701129832H1 SOYMON037 g19275 BLASTN 248 1e−38 62
    1950 25474 701012028H1 SOYMON019 g1234899 BLASTN 618 1e−52 83
    1951 25474 701012112H1 SOYMON019 g1234899 BLASTN 380 1e−31 71
    1952 25474 LIB3051-100- LIB3051 g1234900 BLASTN 157 1e−43 81
    Q1-K1-D12
    2230 25498 701130027H1 SOYMON037 g2281449 BLASTN 167 1e−24 44
    1953 2561 700762637H1 SOYMON015 g1234899 BLASTN 263 1e−12 82
    1954 2561 700967837H1 SOYMON033 g1234899 BLASTN 265 1e−14 80
    2231 25917 700787878H2 SOYMON011 g217826 BLASTN 325 1e−16 77
    2232 25917 701005616H1 SOYMON019 g903687 BLASTN 385 1e−21 77
    2233 2700 700731034H1 SOYMON009 g1354856 BLASTN 530 1e−54 82
    2234 2700 700760836H1 SOYMON015 g1354856 BLASTN 242 1e−25 89
    2235 2700 700847484H1 SOYMON021 g1354856 BLASTN 217 1e−34 93
    2236 2700 700892170H1 SOYMON024 g1354856 BLASTN 497 1e−57 87
    2237 27158 LIB3051-035- LIB3051 g2959559 BLASTN 158 1e−39 41
    Q1-K1-B8
    1959 29318 701064091H1 SOYMON034 g1234899 BLASTN 212 1e−16 84
    2238 3020 700727875H1 SOYMON009 g1052959 BLASTN 975 1e−72 86
    2239 3020 700730234H1 SOYMON009 g1052959 BLASTN 887 1e−73 88
    2240 3020 700742390H1 SOYMON012 g1052959 BLASTN 745 1e−53 89
    2241 3020 700786187H2 SOYMON011 g1052959 BLASTN 983 1e−73 87
    2242 3020 700997938H1 SOYMON018 g1052959 BLASTN 617 1e−54 86
    2243 30395 700888570H1 SOYMON024 g19275 BLASTN 176 1e−26 47
    1960 30433 701131088H1 SOYMON038 g767695 BLASTN 406 1e−23 75
    1961 30433 LIB3051-016- LIB3051 g767695 BLASTN 614 1e−40 71
    Q1-E1-G10
    2244 30871 LIB3051-016- LIB3051 g1806261 BLASTN 117 1e−50 60
    Q1-E1-F10
    2245 31789 700968432H1 SOYMON036 g2264378 BLASTN 223 1e−32 53
    1971 3353 700559837H1 SOYMON001 g767700 BLASTN 632 1e−43 74
    1972 3353 700646560H1 SOYMON014 g767700 BLASTN 413 1e−54 77
    1973 3353 700739015H1 SOYMON012 g1435023 BLASTN 189 1e−51 79
    1974 3353 700763993H1 SOYMON019 g767700 BLASTN 648 1e−45 80
    1975 3353 700832983H1 SOYMON019 g767700 BLASTN 637 1e−44 70
    1976 3353 700863990H1 SOYMON016 g1435023 BLASTN 253 1e−38 65
    1977 3353 700873703H1 SOYMON018 g767700 BLASTN 799 1e−57 77
    1978 3353 700944678H1 SOYMON024 g767700 BLASTN 760 1e−54 78
    1979 3353 701014184H1 SOYMON019 g767700 BLASTN 614 1e−56 76
    1980 3353 701133677H2 SOYMON038 g767700 BLASTN 486 1e−51 74
    1981 3353 701136948H1 SOYMON038 g767700 BLASTN 465 1e−28 75
    1982 3353 LIB3030-007- LIB3030 g767700 BLASTN 1081 1e−81 75
    Q1-B1-A2
    1983 3353 LIB3051-002- LIB3051 g767700 BLASTN 874 1e−64 76
    Q1-E1-F10
    1984 3353 LIB3051-015- LIB3051 g767700 BLASTN 953 1e−70 75
    Q1-E1-E9
    2246 3930 700786961H2 SOYMON011 g19275 BLASTN 170 1e−25 78
    2247 3930 700831960H1 SOYMON019 g19275 BLASTN 147 1e−22 77
    2248 3930 700952739H1 SOYMON022 g19275 BLASTN 164 1e−29 67
    2249 3930 701012333H1 SOYMON019 g19275 BLASTN 147 1e−21 77
    2250 3930 701037531H1 SOYMON029 g19275 BLASTN 159 1e−23 73
    2251 3930 701106748H1 SOYMON036 g19275 BLASTN 163 1e−32 67
    2252 3930 701120422H1 SOYMON037 g19275 BLASTN 163 1e−24 44
    2253 3930 LIB3030-011- LIB3030 g19275 BLASTN 153 1e−55 54
    Q1-B1-H9
    2254 3930 LIB3049-007- LIB3049 g19275 BLASTN 170 1e−46 69
    Q1-E1-H11
    2255 3942 700563590H1 SOYMON002 g1060934 BLASTN 255 1e−10 86
    2256 3942 700566102H1 SOYMON002 g1060934 BLASTN 270 1e−12 86
    2257 3942 700676941H1 SOYMON007 g1060934 BLASTN 285 1e−12 82
    2258 3942 700683676H1 SOYMON008 g1060934 BLASTN 271 1e−11 79
    2259 3942 700747213H1 SOYMON013 g1060934 BLASTN 285 1e−12 82
    2260 3942 700750280H1 SOYMON013 g2244743 BLASTN 263 1e−11 82
    2261 3942 700807573H1 SOYMON016 g1060934 BLASTN 276 1e−11 80
    2262 3942 700831802H1 SOYMON019 g1060934 BLASTN 244 1e−09 86
    2263 3942 700868674H1 SOYMON016 g2244743 BLASTN 302 1e−14 71
    2264 3942 700872614H1 SOYMON018 g1060934 BLASTN 244 1e−09 81
    2265 3942 700899657H1 SOYMON027 g1060934 BLASTN 187 1e−08 80
    2266 3942 700959339H1 SOYMON022 g2244743 BLASTN 242 1e−09 81
    2267 3942 701099951H1 SOYMON028 g2244743 BLASTN 242 1e−13 73
    2268 3942 701212286H1 SOYMON035 g2244743 BLASTN 256 1e−10 82
    2269 3942 LIB3055-011- LIB3055 g1060934 BLASTN 278 1e−24 78
    Q1-N1-G6
    2270 3942 LIB3065-007- LIB3065 g1060934 BLASTN 269 1e−11 79
    Q1-N1-B3
    2271 3942 LIB3050-006- LIB3050 g394735 BLASTN 246 1e−09 90
    Q1-E1-F10
    1990 5724 LIB3030-002- LIB3030 g3153207 BLASTN 153 1e−45 57
    Q1-B1-A10
    2272 6898 700653220H1 SOYMON003 g1769890 BLASTN 237 1e−09 71
    2273 6898 700662807H1 SOYMON005 g1769890 BLASTN 339 1e−17 71
    2274 6898 701097528H1 SOYMON028 g1769890 BLASTN 328 1e−16 71
    1992 7300 700671024H1 SOYMON006 g1435023 BLASTN 149 1e−22 71
    1993 7300 700788665H1 SOYMON011 g1435023 BLASTN 212 1e−32 75
    1995 7661 700728721H1 SOYMON009 g767697 BLASTN 637 1e−44 75
    1996 7661 700871987H1 SOYMON018 g767695 BLASTN 579 1e−39 76
    1997 7661 700874351H1 SOYMON018 g767695 BLASTN 555 1e−37 74
    1998 7661 700876296H1 SOYMON018 g1435021 BLASTN 190 1e−36 75
    2275 826 700731927H1 SOYMON010 g2317905 BLASTN 115 1e−17 43
    SOYBEAN ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    2276 -700555204 700555204H1 SOYMON001 g1871188 BLASTN 84 1e−17 43
    2277 -700561617 700561617H1 SOYMON002 g1872521 BLASTN 147 1e−27 76
    2278 -700565304 700565304H1 SOYMON002 g1304599 BLASTN 127 1e−19 66
    2279 -700566572 700566572H1 SOYMON002 g2262138 BLASTN 243 1e−35 79
    2280 -700650851 700650851H1 SOYMON003 g2565032 BLASTN 109 1e−23 48
    2281 -700652923 700652923H1 SOYMON003 g170624 BLASTN 120 1e−18 63
    2282 -700663736 700663736H1 SOYMON005 g2191172 BLASTN 185 1e−27 77
    2283 -700675341 700675341H1 SOYMON007 g1800278 BLASTN 345 1e−35 72
    2284 -700677659 700677659H1 SOYMON007 g1871188 BLASTN 119 1e−18 66
    2285 -700678063 700678063H1 SOYMON007 g1946361 BLASTN 184 1e−27 57
    2286 -700678783 700678783H1 SOYMON007 g1321818 BLASTN 129 1e−22 62
    2287 -700683873 700683873H1 SOYMON008 g1872522 BLASTN 273 1e−12 63
    2288 -700685541 700685541H1 SOYMON008 g1360087 BLASTN 465 1e−30 75
    2289 -700686166 700686166H1 SOYMON008 g2340088 BLASTN 136 1e−24 59
    2290 -700734774 700734774H1 SOYMON010 g1871192 BLASTN 212 1e−48 67
    2291 -700740434 700740434H1 SOYMON012 g1321818 BLASTN 127 1e−22 55
    2292 -700746763 700746763H1 SOYMON013 g2191172 BLASTN 144 1e−21 62
    2293 -700748587 700748587H1 SOYMON013 g2191172 BLASTN 118 1e−29 56
    2294 -700749618 700749618H1 SOYMON013 g469801 BLASTN 123 1e−19 44
    2295 -700789055 700789055H2 SOYMON011 g1871192 BLASTN 137 1e−23 86
    2296 -700794491 700794491H1 SOYMON017 g2191172 BLASTN 172 1e−25 70
    2297 -700832582 700832582H1 SOYMON019 g2464919 BLASTN 139 1e−21 66
    2298 -700838102 700838102H1 SOYMON020 g1871192 BLASTN 76 1e−19 63
    2299 -700841015 700841015H1 SOYMON020 g1871192 BLASTN 194 1e−28 77
    2300 -700842983 700842983H1 SOYMON020 g1871192 BLASTN 85 1e−20 71
    2301 -700847070 700847070H1 SOYMON021 g18766 BLASTN 946 1e−70 87
    2302 -700849930 700849930H1 SOYMON023 g1800279 BLASTN 133 1e−24 88
    2303 -700852321 700852321H1 SOYMON023 g1360078 BLASTN 181 1e−35 78
    2304 -700854559 700854559H1 SOYMON023 g1871192 BLASTN 202 1e−29 66
    2305 -700856529 700856529H1 SOYMON023 g1228035 BLASTN 122 1e−25 43
    2306 -700865957 700865957H1 SOYMON016 g1871192 BLASTN 154 1e−23 53
    2307 -700867713 700867713H1 SOYMON016 g2340088 BLASTN 170 1e−25 68
    2308 -700868865 700868865H1 SOYMON016 g1871192 BLASTN 115 1e−19 54
    2309 -700874648 700874648H1 SOYMON018 g2058503 BLASTN 166 1e−11 86
    2310 -700877141 700877141H1 SOYMON018 g2262138 BLASTN 196 1e−29 90
    2118 -700888837 700888837H1 SOYMON024 g2104676 BLASTN 521 1e−34 78
    2311 -700891917 700891917H1 SOYMON024 g18819 BLASTN 271 1e−49 63
    2312 -700891991 700891991H1 SOYMON024 g1946361 BLASTN 104 1e−28 65
    2313 -700894722 700894722H1 SOYMON024 g1871192 BLASTN 96 1e−22 68
    2314 -700895992 700895992H1 SOYMON027 g2262176 BLASTN 241 1e−37 73
    2315 -700897127 700897127H1 SOYMON027 g2262138 BLASTN 182 1e−27 83
    2316 -700901918 700901918H1 SOYMON027 g1871192 BLASTN 206 1e−34 64
    2317 -700907410 700907410H1 SOYMON022 g558543 BLASTN 129 1e−19 100
    2318 -700909203 700909203H1 SOYMON022 g2582644 BLASTN 319 1e−15 70
    2319 -700909471 700909471H1 SOYMON022 g173142 BLASTN 174 1e−38 64
    2320 -700909487 700909487H1 SOYMON022 g2464919 BLASTN 161 1e−23 74
    2321 -700944619 700944619H1 SOYMON024 g1360077 BLASTN 570 1e−38 84
    2322 -700944719 700944719H1 SOYMON024 g18819 BLASTN 220 1e−32 71
    2323 -700953795 700953795H1 SOYMON022 g1871192 BLASTN 209 1e−38 70
    2324 -700965266 700965266H1 SOYMON022 g558542 BLASTN 323 1e−18 82
    2325 -700967654 700967654H1 SOYMON032 g170216 BLASTN 695 1e−64 84
    2326 -700969294 700969294H1 SOYMON005 g732811 BLASTN 162 1e−26 91
    2327 -700971208 700971208H1 SOYMON005 g1871192 BLASTN 116 1e−24 66
    2328 -700971551 700971551H1 SOYMON005 g558542 BLASTN 682 1e−88 94
    2329 -700972802 700972802H1 SOYMON005 g2708744 BLASTN 176 1e−31 59
    2330 -700974243 700974243H1 SOYMON005 g2464919 BLASTN 137 1e−20 63
    2331 -700974736 700974736H1 SOYMON005 g1359493 BLASTN 279 1e−43 77
    2332 -700974869 700974869H1 SOYMON005 g2708744 BLASTN 113 1e−35 68
    2333 -700976868 700976868H1 SOYMON009 g2340088 BLASTN 113 1e−17 35
    2334 -700978854 700978854H1 SOYMON009 g790679 BLASTN 61 1e−20 55
    2335 -700983348 700983348H1 SOYMON009 g1800279 BLASTN 68 1e−22 74
    2336 -700985382 700985382H1 SOYMON009 g2262176 BLASTN 78 1e−17 53
    2337 -700985727 700985727H1 SOYMON009 g790683 BLASTN 159 1e−28 70
    2338 -700987679 700987679H1 SOYMON009 g1871192 BLASTN 157 1e−23 60
    2339 -700992259 700992259H1 SOYMON011 g439493 BLASTN 265 1e−39 59
    2340 -700999030 700999030H1 SOYMON018 g1871192 BLASTN 80 1e−22 58
    2341 -700999496 700999496H1 SOYMON018 g2191172 BLASTN 153 1e−22 75
    2342 -701005606 701005606H1 SOYMON019 g1321818 BLASTN 122 1e−18 43
    2343 -701006247 701006247H2 SOYMON019 g2191172 BLASTN 121 1e−18 40
    2344 -701008075 701008075H1 SOYMON019 g1773040 BLASTN 99 1e−17 61
    2345 -701012848 701012848H1 SOYMON019 g1773040 BLASTN 177 1e−39 61
    2346 -701015424 701015424H1 SOYMON019 g2464919 BLASTN 201 1e−38 73
    2347 -701042157 701042157H1 SOYMON029 g1360078 BLASTN 82 1e−18 69
    2348 -701045915 701045915H1 SOYMON032 g18819 BLASTN 162 1e−24 71
    2349 -701046568 701046568H1 SOYMON032 g558543 BLASTN 119 1e−18 60
    2350 -701046893 701046893H1 SOYMON032 g2262176 BLASTN 119 1e−18 45
    2351 -701046954 701046954H1 SOYMON032 g1360086 BLASTN 168 1e−27 100
    2352 -701048894 701048894H1 SOYMON032 g2088668 BLASTN 124 1e−19 66
    2353 -701053977 701053977H1 SOYMON032 g2582642 BLASTN 442 1e−26 74
    2354 -701056738 701056738H1 SOYMON032 g1871192 BLASTN 116 1e−17 60
    2355 -701059201 701059201H1 SOYMON033 g558543 BLASTN 141 1e−37 58
    2356 -701063636 701063636H1 SOYMON033 g558542 BLASTN 350 1e−60 98
    2357 -701064826 701064826H1 SOYMON034 g2435518 BLASTN 125 1e−20 47
    2358 -701070093 701070093H2 SOYMON034 g2464919 BLASTN 107 1e−17 47
    2359 -701097644 701097644H1 SOYMON028 g2340088 BLASTN 121 1e−22 67
    2360 -701103165 701103165H1 SOYMON028 g1360078 BLASTN 160 1e−24 68
    2361 -701103336 701103336H1 SOYMON028 g1418323 BLASTN 127 1e−24 60
    2362 -701105357 701105357H1 SOYMON036 g1871192 BLASTN 77 1e−21 57
    2363 -701108775 701108775H1 SOYMON036 g1297186 BLASTN 190 1e−28 82
    2364 -701110093 701110093H1 SOYMON036 g1871192 BLASTN 125 1e−19 81
    2365 -701121026 701121026H1 SOYMON037 g1786133 BLASTN 277 1e−18 84
    2366 -701121517 701121517H1 SOYMON037 g170216 BLASTN 483 1e−30 89
    2367 -701123152 701123152H1 SOYMON037 g1304599 BLASTN 208 1e−30 48
    2368 -701126225 701126225H1 SOYMON037 g1800279 BLASTN 182 1e−51 74
    2369 -701131709 701131709H1 SOYMON038 g2827537 BLASTN 141 1e−28 64
    2370 -701139073 701139073H1 SOYMON038 g1360084 BLASTN 152 1e−26 70
    2371 -701142618 701142618H1 SOYMON038 g732811 BLASTN 187 1e−29 89
    2372 -701203729 701203729H2 SOYMON035 g2262176 BLASTN 69 1e−18 48
    2373 -701205427 701205427H1 SOYMON035 g1321818 BLASTN 124 1e−19 30
    2374 -701205779 701205779H1 SOYMON035 g2262176 BLASTN 190 1e−32 55
    2375 -701208645 701208645H1 SOYMON035 g790679 BLASTN 159 1e−24 66
    2376 10653 LIB3029-002- LIB3029 g1871192 BLASTN 254 1e−53 52
    Q1-B1-F9
    2377 10760 700658055H1 SOYMON004 g1658054 BLASTN 125 1e−19 42
    2378 10795 LIB3039-004- LIB3039 g2190184 BLASTN 122 1e−33 48
    Q1-E1-B1
    2379 11064 700559483H1 SOYMON001 g1773040 BLASTN 164 1e−30 55
    2380 11064 700726118H1 SOYMON009 g1773040 BLASTN 164 1e−24 56
    2381 11064 700897260H1 SOYMON027 g1773040 BLASTN 157 1e−23 58
    2382 11064 LIB3039-035- LIB3039 g3152606 BLASTN 296 1e−67 77
    Q1-E1-E9
    2383 1182 700648937H1 SOYMON003 g1871192 BLASTN 82 1e−26 65
    2384 1182 700654076H1 SOYMON003 g1871192 BLASTN 82 1e−18 64
    2385 1182 701120146H1 SOYMON037 g1871192 BLASTN 86 1e−19 57
    2386 12583 700674564H1 SOYMON007 g1871192 BLASTN 121 1e−28 60
    2387 12583 701133796H1 SOYMON038 g1871192 BLASTN 122 1e−24 64
    2388 1281 700553557H1 SOYMON001 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−23 59
    2389 1281 700555485H1 SOYMON001 g439493 BLASTN 74 1e−22 82
    2390 1281 700561288H1 SOYMON002 g2058504 BLASTN 62 1e−21 76
    2391 1281 700563970H1 SOYMON002 g439489 BLASTN 94 1e−20 89
    2392 1281 700654576H1 SOYMON004 g2058504 BLASTN 56 1e−18 69
    2393 1281 700671995H1 SOYMON006 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−21 57
    2394 1281 700683252H1 SOYMON008 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−23 59
    2395 1281 700792684H1 SOYMON017 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−24 54
    2396 1281 700794216H1 SOYMON017 g2058504 BLASTN 107 1e−23 56
    2397 1281 700833508H1 SOYMON019 g439493 BLASTN 59 1e−19 82
    2398 1281 700834525H1 SOYMON019 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−23 59
    2399 1281 700898916H1 SOYMON027 g439493 BLASTN 74 1e−22 73
    2400 1281 701006403H1 SOYMON019 g439489 BLASTN 66 1e−21 80
    2401 1281 701012761H1 SOYMON019 g439493 BLASTN 73 1e−19 70
    2402 1281 701046493H1 SOYMON032 g2058504 BLASTN 62 1e−20 76
    2403 1281 701046591H1 SOYMON032 g439493 BLASTN 59 1e−19 82
    2404 1281 701098180H1 SOYMON028 g2058504 BLASTN 99 1e−17 57
    2405 1281 701100412H1 SOYMON028 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−23 59
    2406 1281 701102104H1 SOYMON028 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−23 59
    2407 1281 701110419H1 SOYMON036 g439493 BLASTN 73 1e−22 73
    2408 1281 701119007H1 SOYMON037 g439493 BLASTN 77 1e−21 73
    2409 1281 701125666H1 SOYMON037 g439493 BLASTN 74 1e−22 82
    2410 1281 701127596H1 SOYMON037 g439493 BLASTN 74 1e−22 82
    2411 1281 701129476H1 SOYMON037 g439493 BLASTN 67 1e−21 71
    2412 1281 701147394H1 SOYMON031 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−20 58
    2413 1281 LIB3030-006- LIB3030 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−54 56
    Q1-B1-D2
    2414 1281 LIB3050-003- LIB3050 g2058504 BLASTN 103 1e−41 53
    Q1-E1-D4
    2415 1281 LIB3050-004- LIB3050 g439489 BLASTN 92 1e−35 69
    Q1-E1-B10
    2416 1281 LIB3051-004- LIB3051 g439493 BLASTN 74 1e−38 82
    Q1-E1-G9
    2417 1281 LIB3051-032- LIB3051 g439493 BLASTN 77 1e−46 70
    Q1-K1-H6
    2418 1281 LIB3051-095- LIB3051 g439493 BLASTN 104 1e−49 70
    Q1-K1-G3
    2419 13705 700851990H1 SOYMON023 g558542 BLASTN 1168 1e−88 99
    2420 13705 700992111H1 SOYMON011 g558542 BLASTN 1058 1e−79 98
    2421 13705 701139534H1 SOYMON038 g558542 BLASTN 874 1e−91 98
    2422 13798 700563706H1 SOYMON002 g1786134 BLASTN 101 1e−20 63
    2423 13798 700829518H1 SOYMON019 g1786134 BLASTN 148 1e−27 68
    2424 13798 700829718H1 SOYMON019 g1786134 BLASTN 137 1e−25 72
    2425 13798 701054893H1 SOYMON032 g1418335 BLASTN 163 1e−24 56
    2426 14138 700686353H1 SOYMON008 g2340087 BLASTN 347 1e−18 71
    2427 14138 700751440H1 SOYMON014 g2340087 BLASTN 311 1e−15 68
    2428 14138 700867874H1 SOYMON016 g2340087 BLASTN 361 1e−19 66
    2429 14138 700900614H1 SOYMON027 g2340087 BLASTN 318 1e−15 62
    2430 14138 701010759H1 SOYMON019 g2340087 BLASTN 347 1e−18 71
    2431 14138 701037317H1 SOYMON029 g2340087 BLASTN 386 1e−21 64
    2432 14138 701038681H1 SOYMON029 g2340087 BLASTN 346 1e−18 71
    2433 14138 LIB3065-002- LIB3065 g2340087 BLASTN 375 1e−21 66
    Q1-N1-F7
    2434 15560 700558649H1 SOYMON001 g1871192 BLASTN 147 1e−22 80
    2435 16 LIB3049-020- LIB3049 g1800278 BLASTN 226 1e−08 58
    Q1-E1-D1
    2436 16 LIB3050-017- LIB3050 g790683 BLASTN 120 1e−35 59
    Q1-E1-F9
    2437 16 LIB3050-024- LIB3050 g790679 BLASTN 107 1e−34 60
    Q1-K1-B11
    2438 16 LIB3052-002- LIB3052 g1871192 BLASTN 125 1e−33 53
    Q1-B1-A9
    2439 16 LIB3039-012- LIB3039 g1871192 BLASTN 125 1e−41 68
    Q1-E1-D8
    2440 16 LIB3039-036- LIB3039 g1871192 BLASTN 139 1e−36 60
    Q1-E1-E8
    2441 16 LIB3039-022- LIB3039 g2961542 BLASTN 144 1e−38 65
    Q1-E1-D10
    2442 16 LIB3039-047- LIB3039 g1871192 BLASTN 111 1e−43 76
    Q1-E1-G3
    2443 17477 700846070H1 SOYMON021 g1800279 BLASTN 130 1e−20 95
    2444 17477 700981868H1 SOYMON009 g1800279 BLASTN 253 1e−52 72
    2445 18066 701122490H1 SOYMON037 g1418335 BLASTN 143 1e−25 68
    2446 18242 700665667H1 SOYMON005 g2582643 BLASTN 126 1e−35 83
    2447 18242 700834366H1 SOYMON019 g2582643 BLASTN 274 1e−50 79
    2448 1880 700548213H1 SOYMON002 g1182006 BLASTN 668 1e−47 76
    2449 1880 700560270H1 SOYMON001 g1182006 BLASTN 550 1e−37 78
    2450 1880 700646501H1 SOYMON014 g1182006 BLASTN 632 1e−44 75
    2451 1880 700655902H1 SOYMON004 g1182006 BLASTN 441 1e−27 75
    2452 1880 700659785H1 SOYMON004 g1182006 BLASTN 579 1e−39 77
    2453 1880 700660575H1 SOYMON004 g1182006 BLASTN 581 1e−39 76
    2454 1880 700661543H1 SOYMON005 g1182006 BLASTN 690 1e−49 79
    2455 1880 700662912H1 SOYMON005 g1182006 BLASTN 620 1e−43 76
    2456 1880 700667516H1 SOYMON006 g1182006 BLASTN 490 1e−32 80
    2457 1880 700740911H1 SOYMON012 g732811 BLASTN 174 1e−37 100
    2458 1880 700744122H1 SOYMON013 g1182006 BLASTN 546 1e−36 75
    2459 1880 700745185H1 SOYMON013 g732811 BLASTN 158 1e−43 91
    2460 1880 700748385H1 SOYMON013 g1182006 BLASTN 566 1e−38 79
    2461 1880 700754532H1 SOYMON014 g1182006 BLASTN 448 1e−28 66
    2462 1880 700830859H1 SOYMON019 g1182006 BLASTN 572 1e−39 76
    2463 1880 700853549H1 SOYMON023 g1182006 BLASTN 557 1e−37 79
    2464 1880 700863521H1 SOYMON027 g1182006 BLASTN 499 1e−32 83
    2465 1880 700960365H1 SOYMON022 g1182006 BLASTN 641 1e−45 76
    2466 1880 700972326H1 SOYMON005 g1182006 BLASTN 621 1e−43 76
    2467 1880 700973675H1 SOYMON005 g1182006 BLASTN 614 1e−42 76
    2468 1880 700993904H1 SOYMON011 g1182006 BLASTN 371 1e−40 77
    2469 1880 701007769H1 SOYMON019 g1182006 BLASTN 377 1e−21 83
    2470 1880 701038517H1 SOYMON029 g1182006 BLASTN 678 1e−48 78
    2471 1880 701041906H1 SOYMON029 g1182006 BLASTN 408 1e−23 81
    2472 1880 701043891H1 SOYMON032 g732811 BLASTN 81 1e−39 75
    2473 1880 701047838H1 SOYMON032 g1182006 BLASTN 520 1e−34 77
    2474 1880 701047926H1 SOYMON032 g1182006 BLASTN 659 1e−46 76
    2475 1880 701048273H1 SOYMON032 g1182006 BLASTN 550 1e−37 78
    2476 1880 701050514H1 SOYMON032 g1182006 BLASTN 641 1e−45 78
    2477 1880 701055331H1 SOYMON032 g1182006 BLASTN 568 1e−38 76
    2478 1880 701055445H1 SOYMON032 g1182006 BLASTN 674 1e−47 75
    2479 1880 701056851H1 SOYMON032 g1182006 BLASTN 599 1e−41 76
    2480 1880 701061949H1 SOYMON033 g1182006 BLASTN 561 1e−50 80
    2481 1880 701068587H1 SOYMON034 g1182006 BLASTN 649 1e−45 77
    2482 1880 701098025H1 SOYMON028 g1182006 BLASTN 482 1e−40 78
    2483 1880 701108025H1 SOYMON036 g1182006 BLASTN 602 1e−41 75
    2484 1880 701124696H1 SOYMON037 g1182006 BLASTN 595 1e−41 75
    2485 1880 701126996H1 SOYMON037 g1182006 BLASTN 377 1e−21 83
    2486 1880 701139447H1 SOYMON038 g1182006 BLASTN 690 1e−49 75
    2487 1880 701152229H1 SOYMON031 g732811 BLASTN 168 1e−37 84
    2488 1880 701156733H1 SOYMON031 g1182006 BLASTN 435 1e−37 76
    2489 1880 701204404H2 SOYMON035 g1182006 BLASTN 580 1e−39 79
    2490 1880 701204619H1 SOYMON035 g1182006 BLASTN 527 1e−35 82
    2491 1880 701207274H1 SOYMON035 g732811 BLASTN 72 1e−24 97
    2492 1880 701212436H1 SOYMON035 g1182006 BLASTN 540 1e−36 75
    2493 1880 701215258H1 SOYMON035 g1182006 BLASTN 509 1e−33 79
    2494 1880 LIB3054-002- LIB3054 g1182006 BLASTN 636 1e−45 74
    Q1-N1-E7
    2495 1880 LIB3056-009- LIB3056 g1182006 BLASTN 720 1e−49 76
    Q1-N1-A1
    2496 1880 LIB3040-047- LIB3040 g1182006 BLASTN 711 1e−50 74
    Q1-E1-A4
    2497 1880 LIB3073-011- LIB3073 g1182006 BLASTN 692 1e−47 75
    Q1-K1-G9
    2498 1934 700730232H1 SOYMON009 g2708744 BLASTN 231 1e−33 65
    2499 20802 700845749H1 SOYMON021 g1871192 BLASTN 85 1e−19 70
    2500 20802 701205741H1 SOYMON035 g1800278 BLASTN 352 1e−18 66
    2501 20802 701206823H1 SOYMON035 g1871192 BLASTN 238 1e−34 65
    2502 20802 LIB3049-008- LIB3049 g1871192 BLASTN 303 1e−67 63
    Q1-E1-D2
    2503 20802 LIB3049-010- LIB3049 g2961541 BLASTN 490 1e−29 63
    Q1-E1-C3
    2504 20802 LIB3049-010- LIB3049 g2961541 BLASTN 480 1e−29 66
    Q1-E1-H5
    2505 22922 LIB3051-111- LIB3051 g1001957 BLASTN 85 1e−33 34
    Q1-K1-D5
    2506 23562 701005785H1 SOYMON019 g18819 BLASTN 126 1e−19 66
    2507 23562 701126015H1 SOYMON037 g18819 BLASTN 139 1e−28 68
    2508 23562 701140094H1 SOYMON038 g18819 BLASTN 133 1e−20 67
    2509 23562 701148650H1 SOYMON031 g18819 BLASTN 213 1e−35 53
    2510 24654 701005127H1 SOYMON019 g899254 BLASTN 165 1e−29 51
    2511 24654 701047038H1 SOYMON032 g1052593 BLASTN 115 1e−17 60
    2512 24862 701098039H1 SOYMON028 g2191172 BLASTN 139 1e−21 61
    2513 24862 701209121H1 SOYMON035 g2191172 BLASTN 132 1e−20 54
    2514 24981 700954134H1 SOYMON022 g1871192 BLASTN 129 1e−19 59
    2515 24981 701202677H1 SOYMON035 g1871192 BLASTN 157 1e−23 62
    2516 24981 701202728H1 SOYMON035 g1871192 BLASTN 224 1e−32 62
    2517 24981 701205769H1 SOYMON035 g1871192 BLASTN 220 1e−32 64
    2518 24981 LIB3049-046- LIB3049 g1800278 BLASTN 555 1e−50 72
    Q1-E1-A5
    2519 25044 701004822H1 SOYMON019 g1773040 BLASTN 154 1e−23 65
    2520 25044 701048110H1 SOYMON032 g1773040 BLASTN 144 1e−22 66
    2521 25044 701053310H1 SOYMON032 g1773040 BLASTN 154 1e−23 65
    2522 25478 700897774H1 SOYMON027 g1872521 BLASTN 130 1e−20 70
    2523 25478 701097643H1 SOYMON028 g1872521 BLASTN 172 1e−48 74
    2524 25478 701118320H1 SOYMON037 g1872521 BLASTN 88 1e−31 67
    2525 25478 LIB3051-019- LIB3051 g1872521 BLASTN 172 1e−83 71
    Q1-E1-H6
    2526 25478 LIB3051-112- LIB3051 g1872520 BLASTN 319 1e−33 74
    Q1-K1-F11
    2527 25641 700889154H1 SOYMON024 g1872521 BLASTN 206 1e−47 65
    2528 25641 701123050H1 SOYMON037 g1872521 BLASTN 195 1e−52 73
    2529 25641 701213617H1 SOYMON035 g1872521 BLASTN 168 1e−48 70
    2530 27570 700763939H1 SOYMON019 g1418321 BLASTN 107 1e−22 74
    2531 27570 701215156H1 SOYMON035 g1418321 BLASTN 112 1e−17 83
    2532 27570 LIB3049-004- LIB3049 g1418321 BLASTN 107 1e−43 74
    Q1-E1-C9
    2533 27699 700973538H1 SOYMON005 g1871181 BLASTN 170 1e−25 49
    2534 27699 701120758H1 SOYMON037 g1871181 BLASTN 148 1e−22 49
    2535 27990 701061558H1 SOYMON033 g170624 BLASTN 139 1e−21 51
    2536 27990 701202348H1 SOYMON035 g22046 BLASTN 151 1e−26 55
    2537 29584 701120964H1 SOYMON037 g1871192 BLASTN 191 1e−28 91
    2538 3051 700995972H1 SOYMON018 g2827537 BLASTN 170 1e−25 82
    2539 30836 701005910H1 SOYMON019 g847869 BLASTN 75 1e−19 52
    2540 30864 LIB3051-026- LIB3051 g3152598 BLASTN 198 1e−55 50
    Q1-K1-B7
    2541 30864 LIB3051-046- LIB3051 g3152598 BLASTN 250 1e−54 51
    Q1-K1-E4
    2542 3180 700975648H1 SOYMON009 g1871192 BLASTN 94 1e−23 56
    2543 3193 700558715H1 SOYMON001 g1871192 BLASTN 243 1e−35 82
    2544 3193 700562132H1 SOYMON002 g1871192 BLASTN 291 1e−42 83
    2545 3193 700562292H1 SOYMON002 g1871192 BLASTN 341 1e−49 84
    2546 3193 700564404H1 SOYMON002 g1871192 BLASTN 98 1e−23 81
    2547 3193 700830515H1 SOYMON019 g1871192 BLASTN 197 1e−41 73
    2548 3193 700842727H1 SOYMON020 g1871192 BLASTN 225 1e−36 82
    2549 3193 700901732H1 SOYMON027 g1871192 BLASTN 182 1e−26 84
    2550 3193 700992739H1 SOYMON011 g1871192 BLASTN 219 1e−32 82
    2551 3193 LIB3055-013- LIB3055 g1871192 BLASTN 310 1e−64 76
    Q1-N1-H2
    2552 32309 700997523H1 SOYMON018 g558542 BLASTN 732 1e−89 94
    2553 32309 701142559H1 SOYMON038 g558542 BLASTN 1043 1e−87 95
    2554 32309 701209581H1 SOYMON035 g558542 BLASTN 1279 1e−97 99
    2555 32309 LIB3051-075- LIB3051 g558542 BLASTN 1432 1e−147 90
    Q1-K1-F1
    2556 32379 700848828H1 SOYMON021 g790681 BLASTN 118 1e−22 74
    2557 32379 LIB3050-011- LIB3050 g790683 BLASTN 159 1e−40 67
    Q1-E1-A8
    2558 32797 701152088H1 SOYMON031 g18819 BLASTN 129 1e−19 73
    2559 32797 LIB3028-028- LIB3028 g18818 BLASTN 361 1e−39 76
    Q1-B1-F3
    2560 3362 700566936H1 SOYMON002 g1519680 BLASTN 130 1e−19 40
    2561 3362 LIB3051-067- LIB3051 g1519680 BLASTN 93 1e−34 37
    Q1-K1-C10
    2562 33797 LIB3049-043- LIB3049 g1800278 BLASTN 461 1e−27 69
    Q1-E1-D3
    2563 33866 700900218H1 SOYMON027 g1872521 BLASTN 156 1e−43 65
    2564 33877 700891618H1 SOYMON024 g1359492 BLASTN 475 1e−30 84
    2565 33877 701133410H1 SOYMON038 g1359492 BLASTN 640 1e−44 80
    2566 33877 LIB3049-006- LIB3049 g1359492 BLASTN 520 1e−32 83
    Q1-E1-E5
    2567 3605 700889233H1 SOYMON024 g558542 BLASTN 1106 1e−85 98
    2568 3605 700957362H1 SOYMON022 g558542 BLASTN 1226 1e−93 98
    2569 3726 700894655H1 SOYMON024 g170626 BLASTN 118 1e−18 41
    2570 3726 700953353H1 SOYMON022 g170626 BLASTN 117 1e−18 41
    2571 3765 700889620H1 SOYMON024 g18818 BLASTN 478 1e−31 76
    2572 3765 700892932H1 SOYMON024 g18819 BLASTN 230 1e−35 57
    2573 3765 700945128H1 SOYMON024 g18818 BLASTN 371 1e−20 78
    2574 3960 LIB3051-092- LIB3051 g1871192 BLASTN 139 1e−36 53
    Q1-K1-D6
    2575 4005 700751479H1 SOYMON014 g18819 BLASTN 205 1e−32 69
    2576 4005 700900939H1 SOYMON027 g18819 BLASTN 123 1e−19 84
    2577 4005 700983734H1 SOYMON009 g18818 BLASTN 446 1e−26 73
    2578 43 700661433H1 SOYMON005 g2582644 BLASTN 492 1e−37 76
    2579 43 700665940H1 SOYMON005 g2582644 BLASTN 500 1e−32 69
    2580 43 700679313H1 SOYMON007 g2582645 BLASTN 140 1e−21 75
    2581 43 700679621H1 SOYMON007 g2582644 BLASTN 608 1e−41 76
    2582 43 700732987H1 SOYMON010 g2582644 BLASTN 617 1e−42 77
    2583 43 700745396H1 SOYMON013 g2582644 BLASTN 643 1e−44 73
    2584 43 700786767H2 SOYMON011 g2582644 BLASTN 496 1e−32 74
    2585 43 700832956H1 SOYMON019 g2582644 BLASTN 576 1e−39 74
    2586 43 700833090H1 SOYMON019 g2582645 BLASTN 119 1e−46 82
    2587 43 700852690H1 SOYMON023 g2582644 BLASTN 615 1e−42 77
    2588 43 700871613H1 SOYMON018 g2582644 BLASTN 553 1e−37 75
    2589 43 700895424H1 SOYMON027 g2582644 BLASTN 599 1e−45 76
    2590 43 700898842H1 SOYMON027 g2582644 BLASTN 651 1e−45 77
    2591 43 700952338H1 SOYMON022 g2582644 BLASTN 517 1e−34 74
    2592 43 700957994H1 SOYMON022 g2582644 BLASTN 466 1e−30 75
    2593 43 700958434H1 SOYMON022 g2582644 BLASTN 483 1e−31 74
    2594 43 700971177H1 SOYMON005 g2582644 BLASTN 644 1e−44 76
    2595 43 700981132H1 SOYMON009 g2582644 BLASTN 371 1e−39 74
    2596 43 700981955H1 SOYMON009 g2582642 BLASTN 666 1e−50 75
    2597 43 700994013H1 SOYMON011 g2582644 BLASTN 523 1e−34 73
    2598 43 701002346H1 SOYMON018 g2582644 BLASTN 483 1e−39 76
    2599 43 701003166H1 SOYMON019 g2582644 BLASTN 470 1e−37 75
    2600 43 701007185H1 SOYMON019 g2582644 BLASTN 368 1e−39 77
    2601 43 701012169H1 SOYMON019 g2582644 BLASTN 549 1e−37 75
    2602 43 701044148H1 SOYMON032 g2582645 BLASTN 200 1e−30 84
    2603 43 701045496H1 SOYMON032 g2582645 BLASTN 135 1e−20 86
    2604 43 701046086H1 SOYMON032 g2582642 BLASTN 352 1e−18 77
    2605 43 701046342H1 SOYMON032 g2582642 BLASTN 352 1e−18 77
    2606 43 701049048H1 SOYMON032 g2582645 BLASTN 199 1e−30 90
    2607 43 701049248H1 SOYMON032 g2582644 BLASTN 626 1e−43 75
    2608 43 701050570H1 SOYMON032 g2582644 BLASTN 597 1e−41 76
    2609 43 701050624H1 SOYMON032 g2582644 BLASTN 428 1e−25 73
    2610 43 701054914H1 SOYMON032 g2582645 BLASTN 181 1e−27 87
    2611 43 701056721H1 SOYMON032 g2582644 BLASTN 597 1e−41 76
    2612 43 701063094H1 SOYMON033 g2582644 BLASTN 629 1e−43 72
    2613 43 701065046H1 SOYMON034 g2582642 BLASTN 573 1e−39 73
    2614 43 701067168H1 SOYMON034 g2582645 BLASTN 199 1e−30 90
    2615 43 701067268H1 SOYMON034 g2582644 BLASTN 560 1e−37 76
    2616 43 701119538H1 SOYMON037 g2582644 BLASTN 377 1e−31 74
    2617 43 701122809H1 SOYMON037 g2582642 BLASTN 696 1e−49 73
    2618 43 701152278H1 SOYMON031 g2582645 BLASTN 98 1e−31 78
    2619 43 701206931H1 SOYMON035 g2582644 BLASTN 651 1e−45 77
    2620 43 701214953H1 SOYMON035 g2582644 BLASTN 635 1e−44 76
    2621 43 LIB3049-038- LIB3049 g2582642 BLASTN 452 1e−26 73
    Q1-E1-G12
    2622 43 LIB3049-034- LIB3049 g2582642 BLASTN 694 1e−66 73
    Q1-E1-E9
    2623 43 LIB3049-049- LIB3049 g2582642 BLASTN 370 1e−19 71
    Q1-E1-F12
    2624 43 LIB3040-006- LIB3040 g2582644 BLASTN 644 1e−42 76
    Q1-E1-E10
    2625 43 LIB3050-027- LIB3050 g2582642 BLASTN 589 1e−38 73
    Q1-E1-C11
    2626 43 LIB3050-005- LIB3050 g2582642 BLASTN 471 1e−32 74
    Q1-K1-B12
    2627 43 LIB3051-005- LIB3051 g2582642 BLASTN 694 1e−47 73
    Q1-E1-D11
    2628 43 LIB3073-012- LIB3073 g2582642 BLASTN 660 1e−49 73
    Q1-K1-D10
    2629 4509 700794624H1 SOYMON017 g439493 BLASTN 158 1e−26 86
    2630 4509 700898852H1 SOYMON027 g439489 BLASTN 129 1e−24 82
    2631 4533 700657428H1 SOYMON004 g18819 BLASTN 174 1e−38 77
    2632 4533 701011796H1 SOYMON019 g18819 BLASTN 63 1e−18 72
    2633 4533 LIB3065-006- LIB3065 g18819 BLASTN 132 1e−49 75
    Q1-N1-G4
    2634 456 700670931H1 SOYMON006 g2827537 BLASTN 133 1e−23 55
    2635 456 700670945H1 SOYMON006 g2827537 BLASTN 152 1e−31 68
    2636 456 700671202H1 SOYMON006 g2827537 BLASTN 204 1e−33 67
    2637 4703 700796646H1 SOYMON017 g20546 BLASTN 94 1e−18 56
    2638 4711 700863735H1 SOYMON016 g1871181 BLASTN 165 1e−24 62
    2639 4711 700863770H1 SOYMON016 g1871181 BLASTN 129 1e−21 62
    2640 4711 LIB3051-006- LIB3051 g1871181 BLASTN 157 1e−39 62
    Q1-E1-D9
    2641 5017 700665084H1 SOYMON005 g2708747 BLASTN 68 1e−23 65
    2642 5605 700556543H1 SOYMON001 g439493 BLASTN 67 1e−20 78
    2643 5605 700559375H1 SOYMON001 g439493 BLASTN 79 1e−17 96
    2644 5605 700792943H1 SOYMON017 g439487 BLASTN 60 1e−18 71
    2645 5605 700793079H1 SOYMON017 g1565227 BLASTN 77 1e−24 58
    2646 5605 700942660H1 SOYMON024 g439493 BLASTN 78 1e−20 70
    2647 5605 700998853H1 SOYMON018 g1565227 BLASTN 105 1e−23 59
    2648 5605 701002990H1 SOYMON019 g1418333 BLASTN 100 1e−18 58
    2649 5605 701006905H1 SOYMON019 g439493 BLASTN 83 1e−19 61
    2650 5605 701009724H1 SOYMON019 g439489 BLASTN 77 1e−23 67
    2651 5605 701037760H1 SOYMON029 g1418333 BLASTN 101 1e−19 57
    2652 5605 701038122H1 SOYMON029 g439493 BLASTN 73 1e−18 63
    2653 5605 701040129H1 SOYMON029 g439493 BLASTN 81 1e−21 64
    2654 5605 701041739H1 SOYMON029 g439493 BLASTN 79 1e−21 72
    2655 5605 701045280H1 SOYMON032 g439493 BLASTN 138 1e−28 72
    2656 5605 701050712H1 SOYMON032 g439487 BLASTN 60 1e−19 76
    2657 5605 701050991H1 SOYMON032 g439489 BLASTN 60 1e−17 67
    2658 5605 701118923H1 SOYMON037 g439487 BLASTN 81 1e−17 79
    2659 5605 LIB3056-011- LIB3056 g439493 BLASTN 85 1e−37 64
    Q1-N1-D1
    2660 5605 LIB3050-010- LIB3050 g439489 BLASTN 75 1e−43 85
    Q1-E1-F3
    2661 5605 LIB3050-006- LIB3050 g439489 BLASTN 81 1e−47 80
    Q1-E1-A11
    2662 6457 700649024H1 SOYMON003 g1773040 BLASTN 169 1e−25 67
    2663 6457 700673477H1 SOYMON006 g1773040 BLASTN 175 1e−26 58
    2664 6457 LIB3051-002- LIB3051 g3152606 BLASTN 273 1e−56 91
    Q1-E1-E5
    2665 6908 700751128H1 SOYMON014 g170216 BLASTN 905 1e−67 87
    2666 6908 700834641H1 SOYMON019 g170216 BLASTN 907 1e−67 86
    2667 6908 700954358H1 SOYMON022 g170216 BLASTN 689 1e−48 86
    2668 6908 700962820H1 SOYMON022 g170216 BLASTN 958 1e−71 86
    2669 6908 700974469H1 SOYMON005 g170216 BLASTN 575 1e−39 87
    2670 6908 701069651H1 SOYMON034 g170216 BLASTN 1034 1e−78 87
    2671 6908 701129908H1 SOYMON037 g170216 BLASTN 648 1e−54 85
    2672 6908 701206795H1 SOYMON035 g170216 BLASTN 976 1e−73 86
    2673 7696 700562612H1 SOYMON002 g1418335 BLASTN 86 1e−17 61
    2674 7696 701125488H1 SOYMON037 g1418335 BLASTN 135 1e−23 67
    2675 8503 700562225H1 SOYMON002 g1871181 BLASTN 122 1e−18 40
    2676 8668 700898523H1 SOYMON027 g1871192 BLASTN 82 1e−20 55
    2677 8668 700900105H1 SOYMON027 g1871192 BLASTN 81 1e−20 58
    2678 8847 700846721H1 SOYMON021 g1872521 BLASTN 120 1e−26 58
    2679 8847 701067278H1 SOYMON034 g1872521 BLASTN 91 1e−22 60
    2680 9230 700870827H1 SOYMON018 g1871192 BLASTN 99 1e−29 63
    2681 9230 700872790H1 SOYMON018 g1871192 BLASTN 93 1e−20 72
    2682 9230 700904566H1 SOYMON022 g1871192 BLASTN 115 1e−22 59
    2683 9230 700951993H1 SOYMON022 g1871192 BLASTN 121 1e−27 64
    2684 9230 700957717H1 SOYMON022 g1871192 BLASTN 93 1e−24 70
    2685 9230 LIB3030-008- LIB3030 g1871192 BLASTN 115 1e−56 63
    Q1-B1-G5
    2686 978 700992302H1 SOYMON011 g1871192 BLASTN 79 1e−18 57
    SOYBEAN OTHER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
    2687 -700548142 700548142H1 SOYMON002 g19492 BLASTN 114 1e−30 61
    2688 -700548235 700548235H1 SOYMON002 g16429 BLASTN 132 1e−20 80
    2689 -700554268 700554268H1 SOYMON001 g2398526 BLASTN 444 1e−26 79
    2690 -700555970 700555970H1 SOYMON001 g286023 BLASTN 111 1e−20 47
    2691 -700559531 700559531H1 SOYMON001 g1899058 BLASTN 130 1e−31 56
    2692 -700563522 700563522H1 SOYMON002 g1100994 BLASTN 76 1e−18 48
    2693 -700565384 700565384H1 SOYMON002 g1905944 BLASTN 85 1e−20 42
    2694 -700565626 700565626H1 SOYMON002 g1732246 BLASTN 433 1e−40 78
    2695 -700649584 700649584H1 SOYMON003 g2832408 BLASTN 88 1e−19 81
    2696 -700650943 700650943H1 SOYMON003 g2062174 BLASTN 181 1e−27 65
    2697 -700650945 700650945H1 SOYMON003 g2245059 BLASTN 240 1e−36 79
    2698 -700651862 700651862H1 SOYMON003 g1061146 BLASTN 74 1e−22 49
    2699 -700653241 700653241H1 SOYMON003 g2104680 BLASTN 424 1e−30 80
    2700 -700653418 700653418H1 SOYMON003 g2464855 BLASTN 198 1e−29 70
    2701 -700654319 700654319H1 SOYMON004 g1002799 BLASTN 493 1e−32 70
    2702 -700661747 700661747H1 SOYMON005 g1046277 BLASTN 580 1e−86 82
    2703 -700661861 700661861H1 SOYMON005 g2072499 BLASTN 167 1e−39 53
    2704 -700662360 700662360H1 SOYMON005 g2244754 BLASTN 126 1e−22 51
    2705 -700663241 700663241H1 SOYMON005 g2104680 BLASTN 257 1e−30 75
    2706 -700664220 700664220H1 SOYMON005 g1747310 BLASTN 240 1e−34 52
    2707 -700664496 700664496H1 SOYMON005 g289614 BLASTN 54 1e−17 44
    2708 -700664802 700664802H1 SOYMON005 g2145357 BLASTN 294 1e−20 84
    2709 -700668632 700668632H1 SOYMON006 g2104681 BLASTN 101 1e−24 65
    2710 -700669003 700669003H1 SOYMON006 g19260 BLASTN 130 1e−23 54
    2711 -700669892 700669892H1 SOYMON006 g2245134 BLASTN 138 1e−20 63
    2712 -700669961 700669961H1 SOYMON006 g2104687 BLASTN 73 1e−18 46
    2713 -700670315 700670315H1 SOYMON006 g1046277 BLASTN 533 1e−35 80
    2714 -700672413 700672413H1 SOYMON006 g2244754 BLASTN 209 1e−30 69
    2715 -700677068 700677068H1 SOYMON007 g1067169 BLASTN 126 1e−26 55
    2716 -700677709 700677709H1 SOYMON007 g2398521 BLASTN 150 1e−25 69
    2717 -700679268 700679268H1 SOYMON007 g1046277 BLASTN 339 1e−41 88
    2718 -700679384 700679384H1 SOYMON007 g1345404 BLASTN 111 1e−21 56
    2719 -700681638 700681638H1 SOYMON008 g1850792 BLASTN 511 1e−33 77
    2720 -700683746 700683746H1 SOYMON008 g1483227 BLASTN 443 1e−27 81
    2721 -700686588 700686588H1 SOYMON008 g2398522 BLASTN 281 1e−29 74
    2722 -700725253 700725253H1 SOYMON009 g662931 BLASTN 574 1e−60 89
    2723 -700725359 700725359H1 SOYMON009 g1183866 BLASTN 99 1e−24 70
    2724 -700728433 700728433H1 SOYMON009 g939778 BLASTN 680 1e−47 77
    2725 -700730484 700730484H1 SOYMON009 g662925 BLASTN 172 1e−13 86
    2726 -700733055 700733055H1 SOYMON010 g2245390 BLASTN 100 1e−18 58
    2727 -700733165 700733165H1 SOYMON010 g1046277 BLASTN 415 1e−37 87
    2728 -700734849 700734849H1 SOYMON010 g1707009 BLASTN 199 1e−36 59
    2729 -700735863 700735863H1 SOYMON010 g2398520 BLASTN 456 1e−28 68
    2730 -700737102 700737102H1 SOYMON010 g1046278 BLASTN 141 1e−21 96
    2731 -700738210 700738210H1 SOYMON012 g2702280 BLASTN 123 1e−18 50
    2732 -700738341 700738341H1 SOYMON012 g1049022 BLASTN 145 1e−22 58
    2733 -700738944 700738944H1 SOYMON012 g217859 BLASTN 145 1e−23 75
    2734 -700739430 700739430H1 SOYMON012 g20565 BLASTN 104 1e−19 64
    2735 -700740804 700740804H1 SOYMON012 g2104682 BLASTN 219 1e−08 85
    2736 -700743470 700743470H1 SOYMON012 g2245390 BLASTN 150 1e−22 55
    2737 -700745141 700745141H1 SOYMON013 g19380 BLASTN 133 1e−20 77
    2738 -700746472 700746472H1 SOYMON013 g2104678 BLASTN 1097 1e−82 93
    2739 -700749192 700749192H1 SOYMON013 g2443887 BLASTN 142 1e−22 53
    2740 -700749569 700749569H1 SOYMON013 g2398523 BLASTN 59 1e−18 52
    2741 -700750838 700750838H1 SOYMON014 g1899057 BLASTN 524 1e−34 74
    2742 -700753037 700753037H1 SOYMON014 g1100209 BLASTN 86 1e−24 55
    2743 -700754169 700754169H1 SOYMON014 g1046275 BLASTN 528 1e−35 84
    2744 -700757271 700757271H1 SOYMON015 g2443887 BLASTN 307 1e−44 70
    2745 -700757675 700757675H1 SOYMON015 g2196466 BLASTN 79 1e−24 59
    2746 -700759634 700759634H1 SOYMON015 g2511745 BLASTN 182 1e−26 52
    2747 -700760424 700760424H1 SOYMON015 g662923 BLASTN 917 1e−83 89
    2748 -700763862 700763862H1 SOYMON018 g2245390 BLASTN 144 1e−37 47
    2749 -700764012 700764012H1 SOYMON019 g1167485 BLASTN 636 1e−63 79
    2750 -700764321 700764321H1 SOYMON021 g2062174 BLASTN 79 1e−20 66
    2751 -700787754 700787754H2 SOYMON011 g1495708 BLASTN 106 1e−18 45
    2752 -700789356 700789356H2 SOYMON011 g437326 BLASTN 383 1e−50 79
    2753 -700793581 700793581H1 SOYMON017 g1749546 BLASTN 257 1e−37 72
    2754 -700793706 700793706H1 SOYMON017 g1483231 BLASTN 780 1e−56 76
    2755 -700795384 700795384H1 SOYMON017 g1345404 BLASTN 94 1e−23 47
    2756 -700795481 700795481H1 SOYMON017 g1263095 BLASTN 117 1e−18 54
    2757 -700795921 700795921H1 SOYMON017 g166592 BLASTN 537 1e−35 77
    2758 -700797043 700797043H1 SOYMON017 g1483227 BLASTN 653 1e−45 77
    2759 -700797092 700797092H1 SOYMON017 g862641 BLASTN 239 1e−09 78
    2760 -700797333 700797333H1 SOYMON017 g22379 BLASTN 230 1e−26 81
    2761 -700797418 700797418H1 SOYMON017 g22380 BLASTN 154 1e−23 91
    2762 -700797911 700797911H1 SOYMON017 g662929 BLASTN 968 1e−89 97
    2763 -700807587 700807587H1 SOYMON016 g662925 BLASTN 1676 1e−131 99
    2764 -700833091 700833091H1 SOYMON019 g2104681 BLASTN 88 1e−19 78
    2765 -700835092 700835092H1 SOYMON019 g1263097 BLASTN 185 1e−27 73
    2766 -700835579 700835579H1 SOYMON019 g662926 BLASTN 870 1e−63 98
    2767 -700835610 700835610H1 SOYMON019 g862650 BLASTN 109 1e−31 64
    2768 -700835640 700835640H1 SOYMON019 g1167484 BLASTN 169 1e−25 96
    2769 -700836749 700836749H1 SOYMON020 g2511745 BLASTN 134 1e−20 33
    2770 -700836955 700836955H1 SOYMON020 g1046277 BLASTN 1135 1e−85 96
    2771 -700840862 700840862H1 SOYMON020 g2832326 BLASTN 60 1e−18 70
    2772 -700846675 700846675H1 SOYMON021 g791053 BLASTN 135 1e−21 56
    2773 -700847152 700847152H1 SOYMON021 g2398524 BLASTN 467 1e−30 72
    2774 -700847154 700847154H1 SOYMON021 g2398523 BLASTN 134 1e−20 85
    2775 -700849851 700849851H1 SOYMON021 g1429225 BLASTN 448 1e−27 74
    2776 -700850388 700850388H1 SOYMON023 g1046277 BLASTN 421 1e−48 82
    2777 -700852080 700852080H1 SOYMON023 g2145358 BLASTN 176 1e−37 77
    2778 -700852477 700852477H1 SOYMON023 g19490 BLASTN 140 1e−20 71
    2779 -700854246 700854246H1 SOYMON023 g2398532 BLASTN 453 1e−29 75
    2780 -700854796 700854796H1 SOYMON023 g1046277 BLASTN 296 1e−35 81
    2781 -700854873 700854873H1 SOYMON023 g1439631 BLASTN 114 1e−21 50
    2782 -700865237 700865237H1 SOYMON016 g217859 BLASTN 145 1e−31 48
    2783 -700867051 700867051H1 SOYMON016 g1019924 BLASTN 645 1e−44 74
    2784 -700867684 700867684H1 SOYMON016 g1763062 BLASTN 974 1e−72 98
    2785 -700868479 700868479H1 SOYMON016 g2245134 BLASTN 218 1e−32 60
    2786 -700869544 700869544H1 SOYMON016 g19487 BLASTN 341 1e−36 76
    2787 -700870829 700870829H1 SOYMON018 g1532133 BLASTN 119 1e−18 59
    2788 -700872337 700872337H1 SOYMON018 g662925 BLASTN 483 1e−47 99
    2789 -700872727 700872727H1 SOYMON018 g2443887 BLASTN 299 1e−43 69
    2790 -700872828 700872828H1 SOYMON018 g19260 BLASTN 102 1e−25 70
    2791 -700872947 700872947H1 SOYMON018 g19260 BLASTN 138 1e−20 86
    2792 -700875596 700875596H1 SOYMON018 g1483229 BLASTN 365 1e−39 75
    2793 -700876085 700876085H1 SOYMON018 g1483231 BLASTN 329 1e−45 75
    2794 -700877254 700877254H1 SOYMON018 g1109830 BLASTN 97 1e−19 46
    2795 -700888138 700888138H1 SOYMON024 g2826884 BLASTN 66 1e−17 50
    2796 -700888167 700888167H1 SOYMON024 g2832479 BLASTN 423 1e−27 79
    2797 -700888183 700888183H1 SOYMON024 g217859 BLASTN 139 1e−21 48
    2798 -700889004 700889004H1 SOYMON024 g19380 BLASTN 135 1e−20 96
    2799 -700890148 700890148H1 SOYMON024 g1747309 BLASTN 643 1e−44 72
    2800 -700890210 700890210H1 SOYMON024 g1167485 BLASTN 575 1e−39 86
    2801 -700891367 700891367H1 SOYMON024 g1747309 BLASTN 612 1e−42 78
    2802 -700892430 700892430H1 SOYMON024 g19492 BLASTN 162 1e−24 67
    2803 -700894470 700894470H1 SOYMON024 g22379 BLASTN 480 1e−31 79
    2804 -700894554 700894554H1 SOYMON024 g2104678 BLASTN 961 1e−71 90
    2805 -700896693 700896693H1 SOYMON027 g19057 BLASTN 179 1e−33 57
    2806 -700896705 700896705H1 SOYMON027 g1370139 BLASTN 518 1e−34 67
    2807 -700898269 700898269H1 SOYMON027 g1483231 BLASTN 805 1e−58 80
    2808 -700900418 700900418H1 SOYMON027 g1763062 BLASTN 928 1e−86 84
    2809 -700905160 700905160H1 SOYMON022 g2245134 BLASTN 136 1e−20 89
    2810 -700906096 700906096H1 SOYMON022 g1483227 BLASTN 929 1e−68 83
    2811 -700906279 700906279H1 SOYMON022 g2088641 BLASTN 218 1e−31 72
    2812 -700907612 700907612H1 SOYMON022 g20563 BLASTN 156 1e−23 70
    2813 -700907805 700907805H1 SOYMON022 g2832407 BLASTN 518 1e−34 74
    2814 -700907885 700907885H1 SOYMON022 g1049023 BLASTN 420 1e−26 85
    2815 -700907958 700907958H1 SOYMON022 g2443887 BLASTN 148 1e−22 58
    2816 -700941440 700941440H1 SOYMON024 g19490 BLASTN 108 1e−24 50
    2817 -700942877 700942877H1 SOYMON024 g437326 BLASTN 518 1e−34 71
    2818 -700944108 700944108H1 SOYMON024 g662928 BLASTN 164 1e−25 81
    2819 -700944823 700944823H1 SOYMON024 g1167486 BLASTN 70 1e−17 54
    2820 -700944875 700944875H1 SOYMON024 g556408 BLASTN 323 1e−16 70
    2821 -700944913 700944913H1 SOYMON024 g556558 BLASTN 223 1e−34 82
    2822 -700952303 700952303H1 SOYMON022 g556557 BLASTN 904 1e−66 81
    2823 -700952476 700952476H1 SOYMON022 g20563 BLASTN 147 1e−32 62
    2824 -700953271 700953271H1 SOYMON022 g2702280 BLASTN 106 1e−23 53
    2825 -700955669 700955669H1 SOYMON022 g2459835 BLASTN 102 1e−17 95
    2826 -700955837 700955837H1 SOYMON022 g1002796 BLASTN 156 1e−25 71
    2827 -700956059 700956059H1 SOYMON022 g1206002 BLASTN 294 1e−27 86
    2828 -700956492 700956492H1 SOYMON022 g1239962 BLASTN 317 1e−16 83
    2829 -700956972 700956972H1 SOYMON022 g2245632 BLASTN 122 1e−18 41
    2830 -700957110 700957110H1 SOYMON022 g2196466 BLASTN 127 1e−22 71
    2831 -700957658 700957658H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 666 1e−46 79
    2832 -700958205 700958205H1 SOYMON022 g2245390 BLASTN 119 1e−18 76
    2833 -700960143 700960143H1 SOYMON022 g1841475 BLASTN 89 1e−25 70
    2834 -700962504 700962504H1 SOYMON022 g1749546 BLASTN 97 1e−25 54
    2835 -700963673 700963673H1 SOYMON022 g1239963 BLASTN 119 1e−18 82
    2836 -700964295 700964295H1 SOYMON022 g1420924 BLASTN 72 1e−17 51
    2837 -700968421 700968421H1 SOYMON036 g945087 BLASTN 142 1e−21 89
    2838 -700970839 700970839H1 SOYMON005 g1109828 BLASTN 117 1e−18 45
    2839 -700971221 700971221H1 SOYMON005 g2832543 BLASTN 289 1e−23 81
    2840 -700971962 700971962H1 SOYMON005 g16428 BLASTN 378 1e−20 73
    2841 -700972493 700972493H1 SOYMON005 g2564336 BLASTN 787 1e−56 80
    2842 -700972691 700972691H1 SOYMON005 g1890351 BLASTN 383 1e−39 78
    2843 -700973132 700973132H1 SOYMON005 g2245390 BLASTN 116 1e−28 63
    2844 -700973922 700973922H1 SOYMON005 g786426 BLASTN 65 1e−18 49
    2845 -700974916 700974916H1 SOYMON005 g928930 BLASTN 76 1e−27 55
    2846 -700976496 700976496H1 SOYMON009 g662931 BLASTN 435 1e−59 88
    2847 -700977203 700977203H1 SOYMON009 g1239962 BLASTN 253 1e−10 81
    2848 -700978443 700978443H1 SOYMON009 g662926 BLASTN 894 1e−73 94
    2849 -700979531 700979531H2 SOYMON009 g1239961 BLASTN 84 1e−20 54
    2850 -700979865 700979865H2 SOYMON009 g662926 BLASTN 955 1e−91 99
    2851 -700981106 700981106H1 SOYMON009 g2245390 BLASTN 148 1e−22 37
    2852 -700981889 700981889H1 SOYMON009 g928942 BLASTN 170 1e−29 68
    2853 -700983448 700983448H1 SOYMON009 g2104678 BLASTN 583 1e−81 90
    2854 -700983754 700983754H1 SOYMON009 g556557 BLASTN 260 1e−10 67
    2855 -700985623 700985623H1 SOYMON009 g1167486 BLASTN 144 1e−21 77
    2856 -700985923 700985923H1 SOYMON009 g1430845 BLASTN 660 1e−58 81
    2857 -700986140 700986140H1 SOYMON009 g2443887 BLASTN 289 1e−41 69
    2858 -700986876 700986876H1 SOYMON009 g662926 BLASTN 715 1e−90 94
    2859 -700991054 700991054H1 SOYMON011 g2505876 BLASTN 125 1e−21 82
    2860 -700992837 700992837H1 SOYMON011 g556557 BLASTN 503 1e−33 82
    2861 -700993724 700993724H1 SOYMON011 g2564336 BLASTN 933 1e−68 85
    2862 -700994373 700994373H1 SOYMON011 g2735765 BLASTN 509 1e−33 74
    2863 -700995761 700995761H1 SOYMON011 g2564336 BLASTN 719 1e−56 81
    2864 -700998422 700998422H1 SOYMON018 g2702280 BLASTN 157 1e−31 56
    2865 -701000406 701000406H1 SOYMON018 g1430845 BLASTN 827 1e−60 84
    2866 -701000444 701000444H1 SOYMON018 g1173615 BLASTN 738 1e−52 78
    2867 -701000607 701000607H1 SOYMON018 g2398525 BLASTN 198 1e−31 63
    2868 -701001157 701001157H1 SOYMON018 g2398526 BLASTN 484 1e−39 76
    2869 -701001268 701001268H1 SOYMON018 g2104687 BLASTN 114 1e−17 50
    2870 -701001671 701001671H1 SOYMON018 g437326 BLASTN 496 1e−32 84
    2871 -701001986 701001986H1 SOYMON018 g1146237 BLASTN 106 1e−18 45
    2872 -701002116 701002116H1 SOYMON018 g1049023 BLASTN 382 1e−27 77
    2873 -701005343 701005343H1 SOYMON019 g928928 BLASTN 198 1e−29 82
    2874 -701007423 701007423H2 SOYMON019 g2832407 BLASTN 391 1e−32 76
    2875 -701009414 701009414H1 SOYMON019 g928928 BLASTN 183 1e−27 88
    2876 -701010777 701010777H1 SOYMON019 g2443887 BLASTN 180 1e−31 82
    2877 -701014349 701014349H1 SOYMON019 g862649 BLASTN 501 1e−31 74
    2878 -701014944 701014944H1 SOYMON019 g2245389 BLASTN 307 1e−14 74
    2879 -701038792 701038792H1 SOYMON029 g2827708 BLASTN 140 1e−21 92
    2880 -701038959 701038959H1 SOYMON029 g662931 BLASTN 505 1e−80 96
    2881 -701040606 701040606H1 SOYMON029 g1732513 BLASTN 130 1e−28 66
    2882 -701042603 701042603H1 SOYMON029 g2104678 BLASTN 1215 1e−92 96
    2883 -701044385 701044385H1 SOYMON032 g1101769 BLASTN 485 1e−31 70
    2884 -701046304 701046304H1 SOYMON032 g1747309 BLASTN 241 1e−09 66
    2885 -701048469 701048469H1 SOYMON032 g945086 BLASTN 473 1e−30 97
    2886 -701052317 701052317H1 SOYMON032 g1101769 BLASTN 432 1e−25 75
    2887 -701053807 701053807H1 SOYMON032 g1171428 BLASTN 688 1e−48 73
    2888 -701054423 701054423H1 SOYMON032 g1617325 BLASTN 85 1e−19 65
    2889 -701054948 701054948H1 SOYMON032 g19051 BLASTN 97 1e−20 67
    2890 -701055890 701055890H1 SOYMON032 g2398526 BLASTN 429 1e−25 78
    2891 -701056060 701056060H1 SOYMON032 g2398530 BLASTN 480 1e−31 76
    2892 -701056537 701056537H1 SOYMON032 g2104678 BLASTN 736 1e−72 91
    2893 -701059373 701059373H1 SOYMON033 g1420924 BLASTN 302 1e−43 63
    2894 -701059890 701059890H1 SOYMON033 g1199574 BLASTN 611 1e−42 73
    2895 -701060607 701060607H1 SOYMON033 g19260 BLASTN 149 1e−22 81
    2896 -701062233 701062233H1 SOYMON033 g2673911 BLASTN 206 1e−30 66
    2897 -701066326 701066326H1 SOYMON034 g1430846 BLASTN 246 1e−36 72
    2898 -701067440 701067440H1 SOYMON034 g1890352 BLASTN 88 1e−28 63
    2899 -701068223 701068223H1 SOYMON034 g437326 BLASTN 636 1e−44 75
    2900 -701068964 701068964H1 SOYMON034 g1850792 BLASTN 496 1e−31 82
    2901 -701096947 701096947H1 SOYMON028 g945086 BLASTN 276 1e−52 91
    2902 -701098982 701098982H1 SOYMON028 g556557 BLASTN 435 1e−50 81
    2903 -701099463 701099463H1 SOYMON028 g662929 BLASTN 240 1e−09 86
    2904 -701099874 701099874H1 SOYMON028 g1763062 BLASTN 586 1e−67 98
    2905 -701100471 701100471H1 SOYMON028 g1763062 BLASTN 1176 1e−89 93
    2906 -701100647 701100647H1 SOYMON028 g1732513 BLASTN 136 1e−34 70
    2907 -701101675 701101675H1 SOYMON028 g1931638 BLASTN 224 1e−32 65
    2908 -701102484 701102484H1 SOYMON028 g662929 BLASTN 410 1e−61 87
    2909 -701102774 701102774H1 SOYMON028 g431907 BLASTN 489 1e−44 80
    2910 -701102848 701102848H1 SOYMON028 g19260 BLASTN 123 1e−18 59
    2911 -701102963 701102963H1 SOYMON028 g1899057 BLASTN 218 1e−18 67
    2912 -701103246 701103246H1 SOYMON028 g662929 BLASTN 286 1e−16 79
    2913 -701106671 701106671H1 SOYMON036 g214598 BLASTN 124 1e−19 46
    2914 -701106818 701106818H1 SOYMON036 g20562 BLASTN 517 1e−34 73
    2915 -701108616 701108616H1 SOYMON036 g431907 BLASTN 577 1e−39 79
    2916 -701109042 701109042H1 SOYMON036 g1430847 BLASTN 440 1e−26 83
    2917 -701117735 701117735H2 SOYMON037 g662929 BLASTN 778 1e−89 93
    2918 -701118607 701118607H1 SOYMON037 g2088641 BLASTN 251 1e−36 72
    2919 -701120037 701120037H1 SOYMON037 g1171428 BLASTN 489 1e−62 76
    2920 -701120442 701120442H1 SOYMON037 g330854 BLASTN 83 1e−17 41
    2921 -701121085 701121085H1 SOYMON037 g2832499 BLASTN 251 1e−12 76
    2922 -701121336 701121336H1 SOYMON037 g1763063 BLASTN 98 1e−18 65
    2923 -701122944 701122944H1 SOYMON037 g2088641 BLASTN 111 1e−33 66
    2924 -701123350 701123350H1 SOYMON037 g1841475 BLASTN 135 1e−20 58
    2925 -701123424 701123424H1 SOYMON037 g2564336 BLASTN 434 1e−29 78
    2926 -701124935 701124935H1 SOYMON037 g1171429 BLASTN 180 1e−42 84
    2927 -701129683 701129683H1 SOYMON037 g2145358 BLASTN 113 1e−19 76
    2928 -701129720 701129720H1 SOYMON037 g1747309 BLASTN 304 1e−33 85
    2929 -701130095 701130095H1 SOYMON037 g1666173 BLASTN 80 1e−21 94
    2930 -701130517 701130517H1 SOYMON038 g20563 BLASTN 105 1e−27 67
    2931 -701132039 701132039H1 SOYMON038 g1747309 BLASTN 706 1e−49 76
    2932 -701134320 701134320H1 SOYMON038 g1171428 BLASTN 735 1e−63 79
    2933 -701135088 701135088H1 SOYMON038 g2398527 BLASTN 109 1e−22 69
    2934 -701135953 701135953H1 SOYMON038 g1850792 BLASTN 354 1e−18 78
    2935 -701137327 701137327H1 SOYMON038 g603404 BLASTN 81 1e−19 62
    2936 -701137395 701137395H1 SOYMON038 g1171428 BLASTN 451 1e−49 78
    2937 -701138849 701138849H1 SOYMON038 g1514441 BLASTN 309 1e−30 76
    2938 -701138933 701138933H1 SOYMON038 g662931 BLASTN 475 1e−29 76
    2939 -701139603 701139603H1 SOYMON038 g1171429 BLASTN 185 1e−27 82
    2940 -701140084 701140084H1 SOYMON038 g1171428 BLASTN 714 1e−50 78
    2941 -701147176 701147176H1 SOYMON031 g2463332 BLASTN 550 1e−37 75
    2942 -701148988 701148988H1 SOYMON031 g1928873 BLASTN 564 1e−38 83
    2943 -701150368 701150368H1 SOYMON031 g928927 BLASTN 549 1e−36 71
    2944 -701202962 701202962H1 SOYMON035 g1747309 BLASTN 391 1e−37 78
    2945 -701203226 701203226H1 SOYMON035 g20563 BLASTN 159 1e−45 94
    2946 -701205743 701205743H1 SOYMON035 g2245390 BLASTN 125 1e−23 69
    2947 -701206181 701206181H1 SOYMON035 g1429226 BLASTN 120 1e−18 66
    2948 -701210138 701210138H1 SOYMON035 g1109830 BLASTN 95 1e−18 49
    2949 -701211108 701211108H1 SOYMON035 g1666172 BLASTN 249 1e−26 70
    2950 -701211345 701211345H1 SOYMON035 g2196466 BLASTN 188 1e−35 71
    2951 -701212212 701212212H1 SOYMON035 g1181186 BLASTN 197 1e−29 57
    2952 -701214026 701214026H1 SOYMON035 g1430845 BLASTN 581 1e−39 73
    2953 -701214813 701214813H1 SOYMON035 g1046275 BLASTN 461 1e−28 79
    2954 -701214851 701214851H1 SOYMON035 g2832407 BLASTN 683 1e−48 76
    2955 10000 700905921H1 SOYMON022 g1617210 BLASTN 258 1e−10 85
    2956 10000 701003915H1 SOYMON019 g19382 BLASTN 148 1e−22 93
    2957 10171 700905319H1 SOYMON022 g1046275 BLASTN 486 1e−31 84
    2958 10171 700908163H1 SOYMON022 g1046275 BLASTN 424 1e−26 84
    2959 10171 700986903H1 SOYMON009 g1046275 BLASTN 324 1e−31 84
    2960 10254 700737791H1 SOYMON012 g2505876 BLASTN 237 1e−36 86
    2961 10254 700873059H1 SOYMON018 g2505876 BLASTN 249 1e−38 90
    2962 10254 700874972H1 SOYMON018 g2505876 BLASTN 179 1e−27 88
    2963 10254 700985967H1 SOYMON009 g2505876 BLASTN 194 1e−41 86
    2964 10437 700840793H1 SOYMON020 g290056 BLASTN 573 1e−38 70
    2965 10437 700895915H1 SOYMON027 g290056 BLASTN 458 1e−29 71
    2966 10437 700982926H1 SOYMON009 g290056 BLASTN 627 1e−43 70
    2967 10437 701060360H1 SOYMON033 g290056 BLASTN 688 1e−48 72
    2968 10437 701131592H1 SOYMON038 g290056 BLASTN 410 1e−39 74
    2969 10437 701144641H1 SOYMON031 g290056 BLASTN 585 1e−39 71
    2970 10565 700991425H1 SOYMON011 g2702280 BLASTN 179 1e−26 62
    2971 10565 701108083H1 SOYMON036 g2702280 BLASTN 151 1e−28 58
    2972 10787 700671912H1 SOYMON006 g945086 BLASTN 559 1e−47 92
    2973 10787 700758466H1 SOYMON015 g945086 BLASTN 876 1e−64 93
    2974 10787 700892117H1 SOYMON024 g945086 BLASTN 443 1e−42 91
    2975 10787 700896444H1 SOYMON027 g945086 BLASTN 947 1e−70 93
    2976 10787 700944946H1 SOYMON024 g945086 BLASTN 899 1e−66 92
    2977 10787 701210005H1 SOYMON035 g945086 BLASTN 774 1e−74 89
    2978 10787 LIB3051-069- LIB3051 g945086 BLASTN 839 1e−78 88
    Q1-K1-A2
    2979 10864 700744919H1 SOYMON013 g662929 BLASTN 880 1e−64 83
    2980 10864 700842507H1 SOYMON020 g662929 BLASTN 1050 1e−78 91
    2981 10946 700654986H1 SOYMON004 g2104680 BLASTN 879 1e−64 81
    2982 10946 700681111H2 SOYMON008 g2104680 BLASTN 430 1e−46 76
    2983 1095 700748161H1 SOYMON013 g1370139 BLASTN 431 1e−25 78
    2984 1095 700794538H1 SOYMON017 g1370139 BLASTN 444 1e−26 79
    2985 1095 700868407H1 SOYMON016 g1370139 BLASTN 428 1e−25 76
    2986 1095 700953788H1 SOYMON022 g20561 BLASTN 210 1e−31 85
    2987 1095 700986049H1 SOYMON009 g1732247 BLASTN 158 1e−23 82
    2988 1095 701051568H1 SOYMON032 g20560 BLASTN 514 1e−34 79
    2989 1095 701123405H1 SOYMON037 g20560 BLASTN 509 1e−33 75
    2990 1095 701123928H1 SOYMON037 g20560 BLASTN 611 1e−42 80
    2991 1095 701146219H1 SOYMON031 g20561 BLASTN 132 1e−20 76
    2992 1095 LIB3050-013- LIB3050 g20560 BLASTN 698 1e−47 77
    Q1-E1-B11
    2993 1095 LIB3050-026- LIB3050 g20560 BLASTN 835 1e−60 79
    Q1-K1-H10
    2994 1095 LIB3051-115- LIB3051 g20560 BLASTN 698 1e−48 79
    Q1-K1-C4
    2995 11055 700759318H1 SOYMON015 g19260 BLASTN 199 1e−29 88
    2996 11055 701057861H1 SOYMON033 g19260 BLASTN 193 1e−28 85
    2997 11147 700654617H1 SOYMON004 g2062176 BLASTN 108 1e−18 71
    2998 11147 700895996H1 SOYMON027 g2062176 BLASTN 113 1e−19 81
    2999 11250 700661815H1 SOYMON005 g386005 BLASTN 178 1e−33 57
    3000 11328 LIB3051-115- LIB3051 g3183616 BLASTN 495 1e−30 73
    Q1-K1-G1
    3001 11544 700654919H1 SOYMON004 g786426 BLASTN 196 1e−29 62
    3002 11544 700676985H1 SOYMON007 g786426 BLASTN 120 1e−23 67
    3003 11544 700679185H1 SOYMON007 g786426 BLASTN 103 1e−26 73
    3004 11544 700990491H1 SOYMON011 g786426 BLASTN 171 1e−28 74
    3005 11544 701139368H1 SOYMON038 g786425 BLASTN 246 1e−09 66
    3006 11544 LIB3051-101- LIB3051 g786425 BLASTN 415 1e−30 73
    Q1-K1-G3
    3007 11644 700671391H1 SOYMON006 g2464855 BLASTN 166 1e−25 77
    3008 11644 700747110H1 SOYMON013 g217859 BLASTN 97 1e−22 70
    3009 11644 700845340H1 SOYMON021 g2464855 BLASTN 120 1e−27 80
    3010 11644 700957305H1 SOYMON022 g2464855 BLASTN 172 1e−25 76
    3011 11644 701003021H1 SOYMON019 g2464855 BLASTN 172 1e−25 78
    3012 11644 701127520H1 SOYMON037 g2464855 BLASTN 275 1e−40 85
    3013 11644 701203752H2 SOYMON035 g2464855 BLASTN 133 1e−20 75
    3014 11667 700653218H1 SOYMON003 g2505876 BLASTN 129 1e−21 73
    3015 11667 700750602H1 SOYMON014 g2191140 BLASTN 131 1e−25 77
    3016 11751 700942949H1 SOYMON024 g2398533 BLASTN 139 1e−21 90
    3017 11851 700755115H1 SOYMON014 g945086 BLASTN 745 1e−53 100
    3018 11851 701069677H1 SOYMON034 g945086 BLASTN 803 1e−58 97
    3019 11851 701136069H1 SOYMON038 g945086 BLASTN 463 1e−56 94
    3020 11900 700566352H1 SOYMON002 g862650 BLASTN 120 1e−21 94
    3021 11900 700747814H1 SOYMON013 g862650 BLASTN 168 1e−25 94
    3022 11955 700557413H1 SOYMON001 g1666172 BLASTN 851 1e−67 82
    3023 11955 700663253H1 SOYMON005 g1666172 BLASTN 428 1e−26 79
    3024 11955 700794214H1 SOYMON017 g1666172 BLASTN 755 1e−54 82
    3025 11955 700830566H1 SOYMON019 g1666173 BLASTN 183 1e−39 71
    3026 11955 700944006H1 SOYMON024 g1666172 BLASTN 650 1e−45 81
    3027 11955 701004958H1 SOYMON019 g1666172 BLASTN 570 1e−42 82
    3028 11955 701005066H1 SOYMON019 g1666172 BLASTN 726 1e−51 80
    3029 11955 701069066H1 SOYMON034 g1666172 BLASTN 593 1e−53 81
    3030 11955 701131007H1 SOYMON038 g1666172 BLASTN 863 1e−63 82
    3031 11955 LIB3049-032- LIB3049 g1666172 BLASTN 451 1e−38 76
    Q1-E1-D10
    3032 12048 700566792H1 SOYMON002 g1946267 BLASTN 123 1e−34 62
    3033 12048 700568511H1 SOYMON002 g1514441 BLASTN 452 1e−27 65
    3034 12048 700831304H1 SOYMON019 g1946267 BLASTN 233 1e−34 65
    3035 12048 700869181H1 SOYMON016 g1946267 BLASTN 131 1e−20 56
    3036 12091 700845953H1 SOYMON021 g2145358 BLASTN 167 1e−24 67
    3037 1230 700684237H1 SOYMON008 g2398523 BLASTN 126 1e−22 86
    3038 1230 700844895H1 SOYMON021 g2398523 BLASTN 133 1e−20 85
    3039 1236 LIB3051-020- LIB3051 g2398533 BLASTN 122 1e−34 85
    Q1-E1-G2
    3040 12388 700646372H1 SOYMON013 g662929 BLASTN 593 1e−47 85
    3041 12388 701038095H1 SOYMON029 g662929 BLASTN 447 1e−43 78
    3042 12388 701100361H1 SOYMON028 g662929 BLASTN 569 1e−45 89
    3043 12388 701122795H1 SOYMON037 g662929 BLASTN 656 1e−58 89
    3044 12498 700979878H2 SOYMON009 g662927 BLASTN 521 1e−34 99
    3045 12498 701001033H1 SOYMON018 g662931 BLASTN 496 1e−31 74
    3046 12498 701104992H1 SOYMON036 g2464881 BLASTN 155 1e−28 68
    3047 12498 LIB3027-001- LIB3027 g2464881 BLASTN 151 1e−37 67
    Q1-B1-H8
    3048 12498 LIB3027-009- LIB3027 g1619921 BLASTN 167 1e−48 66
    Q1-B1-B6
    3049 12799 700956693H1 SOYMON022 g2145358 BLASTN 167 1e−33 73
    3050 12804 700833812H1 SOYMON019 g662929 BLASTN 335 1e−17 84
    3051 12804 700956487H1 SOYMON022 g662929 BLASTN 236 1e−09 84
    3052 12804 701008918H1 SOYMON019 g662929 BLASTN 326 1e−16 82
    3053 1281 701120916H1 SOYMON037 g1763063 BLASTN 71 1e−22 82
    3054 13017 700972418H1 SOYMON005 g2505876 BLASTN 95 1e−19 68
    3055 13126 700895010H1 SOYMON024 g662929 BLASTN 325 1e−16 83
    3056 13126 701010473H1 SOYMON019 g662929 BLASTN 325 1e−16 83
    3057 13126 701061469H1 SOYMON033 g662929 BLASTN 318 1e−15 82
    3058 13165 700842617H1 SOYMON020 g671867 BLASTN 139 1e−28 83
    3059 13165 700843378H1 SOYMON020 g671867 BLASTN 129 1e−19 73
    3060 13389 700854414H1 SOYMON023 g1747310 BLASTN 202 1e−29 60
    3061 13389 700959877H1 SOYMON022 g1747310 BLASTN 214 1e−30 51
    3062 13392 700743260H1 SOYMON012 g1167484 BLASTN 148 1e−22 67
    3063 13392 700831149H1 SOYMON019 g19050 BLASTN 722 1e−51 80
    3064 13392 700835414H1 SOYMON019 g19050 BLASTN 704 1e−49 81
    3065 13392 700851767H1 SOYMON023 g1167483 BLASTN 520 1e−34 83
    3066 13392 700945055H1 SOYMON024 g1167483 BLASTN 445 1e−36 81
    3067 13392 701055965H1 SOYMON032 g1167483 BLASTN 675 1e−53 80
    3068 13392 701145654H1 SOYMON031 g1167483 BLASTN 534 1e−35 84
    3069 13392 701151737H1 SOYMON031 g19050 BLASTN 810 1e−58 81
    3070 13392 701156351H1 SOYMON031 g1167484 BLASTN 127 1e−24 86
    3071 13392 701206635H1 SOYMON035 g19050 BLASTN 865 1e−63 82
    3072 13392 701207519H1 SOYMON035 g1167483 BLASTN 525 1e−34 81
    3073 13392 701211201H1 SOYMON035 g1167483 BLASTN 627 1e−43 73
    3074 13392 LIB3028-011- LIB3028 g19050 BLASTN 933 1e−87 80
    Q1-B1-B6
    3075 13392 LIB3028-012- LIB3028 g19050 BLASTN 933 1e−83 80
    Q1-B1-D11
    3076 13447 700904560H1 SOYMON022 g2459835 BLASTN 83 1e−19 83
    3077 13566 700554165H1 SOYMON001 g1899058 BLASTN 142 1e−21 69
    3078 13566 700557146H1 SOYMON001 g1899058 BLASTN 128 1e−19 62
    3079 13566 700754291H1 SOYMON014 g1899058 BLASTN 162 1e−24 65
    3080 13796 700653244H1 SOYMON003 g2642435 BLASTN 268 1e−39 88
    3081 13796 700835762H1 SOYMON019 g2464855 BLASTN 250 1e−59 86
    3082 13796 700863608H1 SOYMON027 g2642435 BLASTN 255 1e−37 86
    3083 13796 700895370H1 SOYMON027 g1263094 BLASTN 462 1e−28 70
    3084 13796 700958710H1 SOYMON022 g2464855 BLASTN 174 1e−26 78
    3085 13796 700978574H1 SOYMON009 g2642435 BLASTN 233 1e−34 87
    3086 13796 701097113H1 SOYMON028 g2642435 BLASTN 253 1e−37 88
    3087 13796 701120572H1 SOYMON037 g2642435 BLASTN 119 1e−18 79
    3088 13823 700835395H1 SOYMON019 g1747309 BLASTN 268 1e−11 88
    3089 13823 700900510H1 SOYMON027 g1747310 BLASTN 140 1e−21 100
    3090 13927 701043135H1 SOYMON029 g1049022 BLASTN 123 1e−19 86
    3091 14042 700954715H1 SOYMON022 g2088643 BLASTN 186 1e−28 66
    3092 14042 700958106H1 SOYMON022 g2088643 BLASTN 186 1e−28 66
    3093 1426 700677935H1 SOYMON007 g1239962 BLASTN 771 1e−55 88
    3094 1426 700964919H1 SOYMON022 g1239958 BLASTN 919 1e−67 87
    3095 1426 700967431H1 SOYMON031 g1239962 BLASTN 673 1e−47 87
    3096 1426 700978693H1 SOYMON009 g1239958 BLASTN 863 1e−63 86
    3097 1426 701204748H1 SOYMON035 g1239962 BLASTN 671 1e−47 88
    3098 1426 701207929H1 SOYMON035 g1239962 BLASTN 789 1e−57 92
    3099 1426 701212036H1 SOYMON035 g1239958 BLASTN 849 1e−62 88
    3100 1426 701212768H1 SOYMON035 g1239962 BLASTN 537 1e−46 88
    3101 1426 701212925H1 SOYMON035 g1239958 BLASTN 918 1e−67 86
    3102 1426 701214971H1 SOYMON035 g1239962 BLASTN 847 1e−61 89
    3103 1426 LIB3049-043- LIB3049 g3184053 BLASTN 641 1e−67 82
    Q1-E1-A1
    3104 1426 LIB3049-045- LIB3049 g1239958 BLASTN 1058 1e−79 77
    Q1-E1-A2
    3105 14645 700792802H1 SOYMON017 g2464855 BLASTN 247 1e−41 83
    3106 14645 700953094H1 SOYMON022 g1263095 BLASTN 130 1e−22 86
    3107 14752 700676408H1 SOYMON007 g2398529 BLASTN 229 1e−35 67
    3108 14752 700678883H1 SOYMON007 g2398527 BLASTN 192 1e−30 64
    3109 14752 LIB3040-002- LIB3040 g2244810 BLASTN 186 1e−47 67
    Q1-E1-H9
    3110 14752 LIB3040-043- LIB3040 g2398529 BLASTN 145 1e−49 58
    Q1-E1-A2
    3111 15006 700556101H1 SOYMON001 g1905943 BLASTN 502 1e−32 74
    3112 15006 700756565H1 SOYMON014 g1905943 BLASTN 486 1e−30 73
    3113 15006 701152347H1 SOYMON031 g886401 BLASTN 176 1e−30 68
    3114 15006 701213371H1 SOYMON035 g2286108 BLASTN 415 1e−24 74
    3115 15121 701151729H1 SOYMON031 g1850792 BLASTN 317 1e−15 76
    3116 15282 700554959H1 SOYMON001 g662929 BLASTN 736 1e−92 90
    3117 15282 700565494H1 SOYMON002 g662929 BLASTN 653 1e−48 97
    3118 15282 700672958H1 SOYMON006 g662929 BLASTN 1138 1e−86 92
    3119 15282 700841765H1 SOYMON020 g662929 BLASTN 1158 1e−87 98
    3120 15282 700865782H1 SOYMON016 g662929 BLASTN 812 1e−58 91
    3121 15282 701005796H1 SOYMON019 g662929 BLASTN 970 1e−87 94
    3122 15282 701011751H1 SOYMON019 g662929 BLASTN 955 1e−84 96
    3123 15282 701040773H1 SOYMON029 g662929 BLASTN 506 1e−53 95
    3124 15282 701043485H1 SOYMON029 g662929 BLASTN 591 1e−84 93
    3125 15282 701099256H1 SOYMON028 g662929 BLASTN 808 1e−58 90
    3126 15282 701102707H1 SOYMON028 g662929 BLASTN 814 1e−81 92
    3127 15282 701104821H1 SOYMON036 g662929 BLASTN 706 1e−52 73
    3128 1529 700838292H1 SOYMON020 g1747310 BLASTN 188 1e−46 79
    3129 15300 701099385H1 SOYMON028 g1732246 BLASTN 314 1e−15 81
    3130 15300 701100720H1 SOYMON028 g20560 BLASTN 757 1e−54 77
    3131 15300 701102079H1 SOYMON028 g1732246 BLASTN 552 1e−37 76
    3132 15300 701102311H1 SOYMON028 g1732246 BLASTN 599 1e−41 81
    3133 15300 LIB3050-017- LIB3050 g928967 BLASTN 190 1e−66 69
    Q1-E1-G2
    3134 15495 700675677H1 SOYMON007 g290054 BLASTN 499 1e−32 69
    3135 15495 700973788H1 SOYMON005 g290054 BLASTN 568 1e−38 75
    3136 15578 700564773H1 SOYMON002 g2832407 BLASTN 709 1e−50 78
    3137 15578 700847403H1 SOYMON021 g2832408 BLASTN 162 1e−23 93
    3138 15578 701063288H1 SOYMON033 g2832407 BLASTN 729 1e−52 80
    3139 15587 700896212H1 SOYMON027 g1763063 BLASTN 104 1e−22 65
    3140 15587 701005929H1 SOYMON019 g1763063 BLASTN 95 1e−19 60
    3141 15621 700738572H1 SOYMON012 g556557 BLASTN 781 1e−56 80
    3142 15621 700748295H1 SOYMON013 g556557 BLASTN 749 1e−53 76
    3143 15621 700786689H1 SOYMON011 g556557 BLASTN 762 1e−54 78
    3144 15621 700847602H1 SOYMON021 g556557 BLASTN 788 1e−56 80
    3145 15621 700982068H1 SOYMON009 g556557 BLASTN 434 1e−38 70
    3146 15621 701141959H1 SOYMON038 g556557 BLASTN 270 1e−38 76
    3147 15621 701211323H1 SOYMON035 g556557 BLASTN 822 1e−59 80
    3148 15621 LIB3051-041- LIB3051 g556557 BLASTN 1130 1e−85 75
    Q1-K1-E7
    3149 15621 LIB3051-050- LIB3051 g556557 BLASTN 1051 1e−87 71
    Q1-K1-C1
    3150 15636 700908666H1 SOYMON022 g786425 BLASTN 321 1e−16 74
    3151 15636 701214806H1 SOYMON035 g786426 BLASTN 141 1e−21 65
    3152 15750 701100857H1 SOYMON028 g1429226 BLASTN 123 1e−19 75
    3153 15784 700977108H1 SOYMON009 g1430846 BLASTN 134 1e−26 76
    3154 15814 700876181H1 SOYMON018 g1430845 BLASTN 379 1e−30 84
    3155 15814 700904208H1 SOYMON022 g1430845 BLASTN 520 1e−34 85
    3156 15949 701013357H1 SOYMON019 g2832499 BLASTN 281 1e−14 86
    3157 16 700656362H1 SOYMON004 g1666172 BLASTN 562 1e−45 79
    3158 16 700657269H1 SOYMON004 g1666172 BLASTN 714 1e−50 74
    3159 16 700662937H1 SOYMON005 g1666172 BLASTN 807 1e−58 81
    3160 16 700663027H1 SOYMON005 g1666172 BLASTN 860 1e−63 83
    3161 16 700664156H1 SOYMON005 g1666172 BLASTN 681 1e−48 81
    3162 16 700676039H1 SOYMON007 g862639 BLASTN 719 1e−51 84
    3163 16 700678604H1 SOYMON007 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−61 80
    3164 16 700725871H1 SOYMON009 g1666172 BLASTN 271 1e−11 78
    3165 16 700727454H1 SOYMON009 g1666172 BLASTN 696 1e−49 82
    3166 16 700736278H1 SOYMON010 g1666172 BLASTN 478 1e−31 82
    3167 16 700736391H1 SOYMON010 g1666172 BLASTN 730 1e−52 83
    3168 16 700745252H1 SOYMON013 g1666172 BLASTN 623 1e−43 76
    3169 16 700751351H1 SOYMON014 g1666172 BLASTN 763 1e−55 82
    3170 16 700751364H1 SOYMON014 g1666172 BLASTN 793 1e−57 83
    3171 16 700756018H1 SOYMON014 g1666172 BLASTN 834 1e−61 83
    3172 16 700757875H1 SOYMON015 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−57 80
    3173 16 700761204H1 SOYMON015 g1666172 BLASTN 481 1e−44 82
    3174 16 700786192H2 SOYMON011 g1666172 BLASTN 763 1e−55 82
    3175 16 700790278H2 SOYMON011 g1666172 BLASTN 759 1e−54 84
    3176 16 700830133H1 SOYMON019 g1666172 BLASTN 811 1e−59 82
    3177 16 700834579H1 SOYMON019 g1666172 BLASTN 714 1e−50 83
    3178 16 700835286H1 SOYMON019 g1666172 BLASTN 743 1e−53 84
    3179 16 700835341H1 SOYMON019 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−49 83
    3180 16 700837153H1 SOYMON020 g1666172 BLASTN 714 1e−50 83
    3181 16 700841675H1 SOYMON020 g1666172 BLASTN 747 1e−53 84
    3182 16 700841893H1 SOYMON020 g1666172 BLASTN 611 1e−42 82
    3183 16 700845174H1 SOYMON021 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−49 83
    3184 16 700845538H1 SOYMON021 g1666172 BLASTN 402 1e−54 81
    3185 16 700850610H1 SOYMON023 g1666172 BLASTN 714 1e−50 83
    3186 16 700852474H1 SOYMON023 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−49 83
    3187 16 700856326H1 SOYMON023 g1666172 BLASTN 377 1e−45 81
    3188 16 700888743H1 SOYMON024 g1666172 BLASTN 269 1e−31 74
    3189 16 700893155H1 SOYMON024 g1666172 BLASTN 586 1e−47 79
    3190 16 700898574H1 SOYMON027 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−49 79
    3191 16 700901515H1 SOYMON027 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−54 80
    3192 16 700942619H1 SOYMON024 g1666172 BLASTN 695 1e−58 79
    3193 16 700963930H1 SOYMON022 g1666172 BLASTN 834 1e−61 83
    3194 16 700967576H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 614 1e−42 82
    3195 16 700968115H1 SOYMON035 g862640 BLASTN 163 1e−24 74
    3196 16 700969563H1 SOYMON005 g1666172 BLASTN 689 1e−48 83
    3197 16 700971156H1 SOYMON005 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−59 80
    3198 16 700971170H1 SOYMON005 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−59 80
    3199 16 700976536H1 SOYMON009 g1666172 BLASTN 260 1e−12 70
    3200 16 700980472H1 SOYMON009 g602900 BLASTN 190 1e−31 92
    3201 16 700985866H1 SOYMON009 g1666172 BLASTN 856 1e−62 81
    3202 16 701003617H1 SOYMON019 g1666172 BLASTN 713 1e−56 80
    3203 16 701038358H1 SOYMON029 g1666172 BLASTN 352 1e−20 83
    3204 16 701043959H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 689 1e−51 80
    3205 16 701045034H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 471 1e−30 82
    3206 16 701045576H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 637 1e−44 82
    3207 16 701047631H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 501 1e−33 82
    3208 16 701049091H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 613 1e−42 83
    3209 16 701050828H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 252 1e−12 83
    3210 16 701051857H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 529 1e−35 83
    3211 16 701052545H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 282 1e−41 82
    3212 16 701053715H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 211 1e−12 86
    3213 16 701053914H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 728 1e−52 85
    3214 16 701055752H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 714 1e−50 83
    3215 16 701055947H1 SOYMON032 g1666172 BLASTN 650 1e−51 81
    3216 16 701059618H1 SOYMON033 g1666172 BLASTN 539 1e−55 82
    3217 16 701061121H1 SOYMON033 g1666172 BLASTN 693 1e−49 81
    3218 16 701067796H1 SOYMON034 g1666172 BLASTN 378 1e−22 83
    3219 16 701068193H1 SOYMON034 g1666172 BLASTN 561 1e−47 80
    3220 16 701068492H1 SOYMON034 g1666172 BLASTN 871 1e−64 83
    3221 16 701069694H1 SOYMON034 g1666172 BLASTN 716 1e−51 83
    3222 16 701103320H1 SOYMON028 g1666172 BLASTN 631 1e−43 82
    3223 16 701120737H1 SOYMON037 g1666172 BLASTN 927 1e−68 83
    3224 16 701129339H1 SOYMON037 g1666172 BLASTN 814 1e−59 82
    3225 16 701133045H1 SOYMON038 g1666172 BLASTN 876 1e−64 83
    3226 16 701138103H1 SOYMON038 g1666172 BLASTN 866 1e−63 81
    3227 16 701143072H1 SOYMON038 g1666172 BLASTN 716 1e−51 83
    3228 16 701204303H2 SOYMON035 g862639 BLASTN 737 1e−52 84
    3229 16 701204608H1 SOYMON035 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−56 79
    3230 16 701204922H1 SOYMON035 g862639 BLASTN 875 1e−64 79
    3231 16 701205428H1 SOYMON035 g862639 BLASTN 650 1e−51 85
    3232 16 701206347H1 SOYMON035 g1666172 BLASTN 927 1e−68 83
    3233 16 701207820H1 SOYMON035 g862639 BLASTN 579 1e−39 81
    3234 16 701209725H1 SOYMON035 g1666172 BLASTN 702 1e−61 80
    3235 16 701209945H1 SOYMON035 g862639 BLASTN 495 1e−32 77
    3236 16 701210002H1 SOYMON035 g1666172 BLASTN 670 1e−47 80
    3237 16 701211050H1 SOYMON035 g862639 BLASTN 716 1e−50 84
    3238 16 701211278H1 SOYMON035 g1666172 BLASTN 471 1e−30 82
    3239 16 701214222H1 SOYMON035 g862639 BLASTN 746 1e−53 84
    3240 16 LIB3049-008- LIB3049 g862639 BLASTN 864 1e−76 79
    Q1-E1-B2
    3241 16 LIB3049-025- LIB3049 g1666172 BLASTN 643 1e−46 79
    Q1-E1-B6
    3242 16 LIB3049-021- LIB3049 g862639 BLASTN 841 1e−70 78
    Q1-E1-E11
    3243 16 LIB3049-018- LIB3049 g1666172 BLASTN 427 1e−36 72
    Q1-E1-C6
    3244 16 LIB3049-016- LIB3049 g862639 BLASTN 1006 1e−75 80
    Q1-E1-G1
    3245 16 LIB3049-035- LIB3049 g2997614 BLASTN 511 1e−40 78
    Q1-E1-C12
    3246 16 LIB3049-040- LIB3049 g862639 BLASTN 963 1e−71 82
    Q1-E1-E6
    3247 16 LIB3049-030- LIB3049 g2997614 BLASTN 599 1e−40 83
    Q1-E1-G12
    3248 16 LIB3049-034- LIB3049 g2997614 BLASTN 1048 1e−78 79
    Q1-E1-B10
    3249 16 LIB3049-050- LIB3049 g862639 BLASTN 806 1e−58 84
    Q1-E1-B8
    3250 16 LIB3049-045- LIB3049 g862639 BLASTN 655 1e−65 78
    Q1-E1-A8
    3251 16 LIB3056-004- LIB3056 g1666172 BLASTN 495 1e−36 69
    Q1-N1-B8
    3252 16 LIB3040-010- LIB3040 g1666172 BLASTN 1026 1e−77 83
    Q1-E1-E11
    3253 16 LIB3040-010- LIB3040 g1619921 BLASTN 98 1e−35 47
    Q1-E1-G10
    3254 16 LIB3040-009- LIB3040 g1666172 BLASTN 944 1e−70 81
    Q1-E1-H10
    3255 16 LIB3040-017- LIB3040 g1666172 BLASTN 1033 1e−77 83
    Q1-E1-H2
    3256 16 LIB3040-047- LIB3040 g1666172 BLASTN 869 1e−63 81
    Q1-E1-F12
    3257 16 LIB3040-056- LIB3040 g1666172 BLASTN 1049 1e−79 80
    Q1-E1-E5
    3258 16 LIB3040-040- LIB3040 g1666172 BLASTN 1003 1e−75 82
    Q1-E1-D12
    3259 16 LIB3040-049- LIB3040 g1666172 BLASTN 960 1e−71 84
    Q1-E1-H9
    3260 16 LIB3040-049- LIB3040 g1666172 BLASTN 1026 1e−77 83
    Q1-E1-G4
    3261 16 LIB3040-050- LIB3040 g2398527 BLASTN 98 1e−39 53
    Q1-E1-C2
    3262 16 LIB3040-061- LIB3040 g2398529 BLASTN 233 1e−51 70
    Q1-E11-G7
    3263 16 LIB3050-017- LIB3050 g2464855 BLASTN 66 1e−47 79
    Q1-E1-E10
    3264 16 LIB3051-008- LIB3051 g1666172 BLASTN 1039 1e−78 79
    Q1-E1-F9
    3265 16 LIB3051-034- LIB3051 g1666172 BLASTN 1041 1e−82 80
    Q1-K1-A12
    3266 16 LIB3051-093- LIB3051 g1666172 BLASTN 1024 1e−77 83
    Q1-K1-D1
    3267 16 LIB3039-024- LIB3039 g1666172 BLASTN 736 1e−54 78
    Q1-E1-A8
    3268 16 LIB3039-054- LIB3039 g1666172 BLASTN 804 1e−56 82
    Q1-E1-G10
    3269 16211 700943357H1 SOYMON024 g2832500 BLASTN 139 1e−22 70
    3270 16645 701098919H1 SOYMON028 g2398527 BLASTN 61 1e−19 62
    3271 1671 LIB3029-002- LIB3029 g19490 BLASTN 124 1e−33 70
    Q1-B1-D1
    3272 16724 LIB3051-088- LIB3051 g2443887 BLASTN 185 1e−50 60
    Q1-K1-D2
    3273 16908 700747871H1 SOYMON013 g662923 BLASTN 699 1e−49 74
    3274 16908 700874556H1 SOYMON018 g662923 BLASTN 312 1e−38 71
    3275 16908 700968455H1 SOYMON036 g662923 BLASTN 627 1e−43 73
    3276 16908 701001568H1 SOYMON018 g662923 BLASTN 283 1e−30 76
    3277 16908 701099322H1 SOYMON028 g662923 BLASTN 651 1e−45 72
    3278 16908 701105125H1 SOYMON036 g662923 BLASTN 264 1e−35 68
    3279 16908 701109955H1 SOYMON036 g662924 BLASTN 154 1e−23 55
    3280 16908 701121011H1 SOYMON037 g662923 BLASTN 420 1e−51 74
    3281 16925 700659879H1 SOYMON004 g786426 BLASTN 226 1e−35 70
    3282 16925 700659887H1 SOYMON004 g786426 BLASTN 122 1e−24 73
    3283 1710 700748533H1 SOYMON013 g2464855 BLASTN 208 1e−32 83
    3284 1710 700749045H1 SOYMON013 g2464855 BLASTN 218 1e−32 84
    3285 1710 700832769H1 SOYMON019 g2642435 BLASTN 194 1e−28 73
    3286 1710 700838053H1 SOYMON020 g1263095 BLASTN 201 1e−29 83
    3287 1710 700891690H1 SOYMON024 g2642435 BLASTN 164 1e−24 70
    3288 1710 701207204H1 SOYMON035 g1263094 BLASTN 441 1e−27 74
    3289 17339 701042170H1 SOYMON029 g806572 BLASTN 84 1e−18 47
    3290 17893 700956070H1 SOYMON022 g1870205 BLASTN 856 1e−62 86
    3291 17893 700958586H1 SOYMON022 g2827299 BLASTN 699 1e−49 86
    3292 17893 700963644H1 SOYMON022 g1870205 BLASTN 522 1e−69 86
    3293 17893 701144964H1 SOYMON031 g1870205 BLASTN 714 1e−63 85
    3294 17893 LIB3028-004- LIB3028 g1870205 BLASTN 1338 1e−103 87
    Q1-B1-B1
    3295 17946 700555866H1 SOYMON001 g458966 BLASTN 107 1e−19 56
    3296 17975 700964776H1 SOYMON022 g437326 BLASTN 473 1e−30 78
    3297 18102 700988653H1 SOYMON009 g1239962 BLASTN 297 1e−13 83
    3298 18102 701205092H1 SOYMON035 g1239962 BLASTN 292 1e−13 85
    3299 18281 700605666H2 SOYMON005 g2104678 BLASTN 1044 1e−78 90
    3300 18281 700850452H1 SOYMON023 g2104678 BLASTN 1040 1e−77 88
    3301 1836 700760932H1 SOYMON015 g1838976 BLASTN 150 1e−22 41
    3302 1836 700889116H1 SOYMON024 g1838976 BLASTN 220 1e−31 54
    3303 1836 700907585H1 SOYMON022 g1838976 BLASTN 203 1e−29 50
    3304 18530 700568369H1 SOYMON002 g1763062 BLASTN 560 1e−74 85
    3305 18530 700568669H1 SOYMON002 g1763062 BLASTN 642 1e−78 84
    3306 18637 700797246H1 SOYMON017 g1483227 BLASTN 486 1e−31 70
    3307 18637 700875563H1 SOYMON018 g1483229 BLASTN 627 1e−43 79
    3308 18777 700843983H1 SOYMON021 g1841475 BLASTN 164 1e−30 65
    3309 18777 700874360H1 SOYMON018 g1841475 BLASTN 281 1e−41 66
    3310 1889 700561112H1 SOYMON002 g556557 BLASTN 261 1e−10 71
    3311 1889 700750726H1 SOYMON014 g556557 BLASTN 266 1e−11 68
    3312 1889 700750779H1 SOYMON014 g556557 BLASTN 298 1e−14 72
    3313 1889 700752732H1 SOYMON014 g556557 BLASTN 291 1e−13 71
    3314 1889 700757643H1 SOYMON015 g556557 BLASTN 291 1e−13 71
    3315 1889 700905493H1 SOYMON022 g556557 BLASTN 295 1e−13 73
    3316 1889 700981311H1 SOYMON009 g556557 BLASTN 298 1e−13 72
    3317 1889 701038688H1 SOYMON029 g556557 BLASTN 306 1e−14 74
    3318 1889 701046114H1 SOYMON032 g556557 BLASTN 298 1e−13 72
    3319 1889 701051332H1 SOYMON032 g556558 BLASTN 65 1e−21 73
    3320 1889 701065316H1 SOYMON034 g556557 BLASTN 238 1e−08 67
    3321 1889 701142106H1 SOYMON038 g556557 BLASTN 298 1e−13 72
    3322 1889 701142830H1 SOYMON038 g556558 BLASTN 74 1e−21 60
    3323 1889 701211964H1 SOYMON035 g556558 BLASTN 123 1e−25 74
    3324 1889 701214543H1 SOYMON035 g556557 BLASTN 287 1e−13 72
    3325 19058 700685158H1 SOYMON008 g2564336 BLASTN 566 1e−63 82
    3326 19058 700890768H1 SOYMON024 g2564336 BLASTN 836 1e−60 82
    3327 19058 700893168H1 SOYMON024 g2564336 BLASTN 796 1e−57 85
    3328 19058 701038060H1 SOYMON029 g2564336 BLASTN 516 1e−67 84
    3329 19058 701056570H1 SOYMON032 g2564336 BLASTN 724 1e−61 83
    3330 19058 701098778H2 SOYMON028 g2564336 BLASTN 878 1e−64 83
    3331 19058 LIB3028-004- LIB3028 g2564336 BLASTN 976 1e−72 83
    Q1-B1-A10
    3332 19058 LIB3028-003- LIB3028 g2564336 BLASTN 1071 1e−80 82
    Q1-B1-G10
    3333 19131 700755494H1 SOYMON014 g171854 BLASTN 139 1e−25 43
    3334 19131 700964067H1 SOYMON022 g171854 BLASTN 72 1e−17 38
    3335 19220 700905665H1 SOYMON022 g22666 BLASTN 594 1e−40 83
    3336 19220 700964291H1 SOYMON022 g22666 BLASTN 584 1e−39 82
    3337 19220 LIB3030-006- LIB3030 g454264 BLASTN 569 1e−36 82
    Q1-B1-D8
    3338 19380 700655519H1 SOYMON004 g2826884 BLASTN 113 1e−25 67
    3339 19380 700739869H1 SOYMON012 g1429226 BLASTN 112 1e−22 55
    3340 19380 700789758H1 SOYMON011 g1429225 BLASTN 246 1e−19 75
    3341 19380 700792582H1 SOYMON017 g1429225 BLASTN 246 1e−18 75
    3342 19380 701008550H1 SOYMON019 g2826883 BLASTN 251 1e−12 76
    3343 19380 LIB3051-027- LIB3051 g2826883 BLASTN 246 1e−32 72
    Q1-K1-D8
    3344 19762 700866853H1 SOYMON016 g1002800 BLASTN 254 1e−37 66
    3345 19762 701100144H1 SOYMON028 g1841475 BLASTN 281 1e−42 67
    3346 19797 700738185H1 SOYMON012 g556409 BLASTN 155 1e−23 67
    3347 19797 700846152H1 SOYMON021 g556409 BLASTN 161 1e−24 68
    3348 19797 701068317H1 SOYMON034 g556409 BLASTN 143 1e−21 69
    3349 19797 701214636H1 SOYMON035 g556409 BLASTN 200 1e−29 65
    3350 19895 700853650H1 SOYMON023 g671866 BLASTN 79 1e−20 47
    3351 20008 700848389H1 SOYMON021 g218339 BLASTN 765 1e−54 78
    3352 20008 700868254H1 SOYMON016 g218339 BLASTN 673 1e−47 73
    3353 20008 701042960H1 SOYMON029 g218339 BLASTN 537 1e−35 75
    3354 2003 700548274H1 SOYMON002 g2564336 BLASTN 782 1e−56 81
    3355 2003 700568521H1 SOYMON002 g2564336 BLASTN 582 1e−51 77
    3356 2003 700651072H1 SOYMON003 g2564336 BLASTN 557 1e−36 83
    3357 2003 700653758H1 SOYMON003 g2564336 BLASTN 512 1e−35 80
    3358 2003 700669768H1 SOYMON006 g556559 BLASTN 276 1e−26 76
    3359 2003 700729235H1 SOYMON009 g2564336 BLASTN 695 1e−49 81
    3360 2003 700753886H1 SOYMON014 g556559 BLASTN 190 1e−09 67
    3361 2003 700852039H1 SOYMON023 g2564336 BLASTN 565 1e−38 80
    3362 2003 700866142H1 SOYMON016 g556559 BLASTN 698 1e−49 81
    3363 2003 700908428H1 SOYMON022 g2564336 BLASTN 591 1e−40 79
    3364 2003 700964754H1 SOYMON022 g556559 BLASTN 592 1e−55 81
    3365 2003 700970722H1 SOYMON005 g2564336 BLASTN 342 1e−31 77
    3366 2003 700985005H1 SOYMON009 g2564336 BLASTN 478 1e−29 76
    3367 2003 701042245H1 SOYMON029 g2564336 BLASTN 508 1e−33 79
    3368 2003 701154842H1 SOYMON031 g2564336 BLASTN 598 1e−41 79
    3369 2003 LIB3049-028- LIB3049 g2564336 BLASTN 1069 1e−80 80
    Q1-E1-E3
    3370 2003 LIB3040-043- LIB3040 g2564336 BLASTN 820 1e−59 81
    Q1-E1-D1
    3371 20078 700864959H1 SOYMON016 g1430845 BLASTN 507 1e−33 85
    3372 20078 701013405H1 SOYMON019 g1430845 BLASTN 494 1e−32 85
    3373 20078 701065214H1 SOYMON034 g1430845 BLASTN 425 1e−26 81
    3374 20227 700736883H1 SOYMON010 g1046277 BLASTN 271 1e−44 82
    3375 20227 700973255H1 SOYMON005 g1046277 BLASTN 480 1e−55 84
    3376 20546 700786044H2 SOYMON011 g556557 BLASTN 557 1e−43 74
    3377 20546 700964196H1 SOYMON022 g556557 BLASTN 663 1e−46 74
    3378 20546 701213977H1 SOYMON035 g556557 BLASTN 350 1e−18 75
    3379 20546 LIB3051-025- LIB3051 g556557 BLASTN 751 1e−52 75
    Q1-K1-F6
    3380 20546 LIB3051-038- LIB3051 g556557 BLASTN 231 1e−30 72
    Q1-K1-E12
    3381 20913 700996245H1 SOYMON018 g1747309 BLASTN 577 1e−39 85
    3382 20913 701106878H1 SOYMON036 g1747309 BLASTN 458 1e−28 86
    3383 20913 LIB3049-028- LIB3049 g1747309 BLASTN 566 1e−37 85
    Q1-E1-B7
    3384 20938 701002037H1 SOYMON018 g2398523 BLASTN 149 1e−32 70
    3385 20938 701002433H1 SOYMON018 g2398523 BLASTN 101 1e−30 69
    3386 20945 701002632H1 SOYMON018 g662925 BLASTN 1057 1e−83 98
    3387 20945 701068738H1 SOYMON034 g662925 BLASTN 715 1e−50 97
    3388 21003 701039535H1 SOYMON029 g2344890 BLASTN 77 1e−18 77
    3389 21067 701059019H1 SOYMON033 g2564336 BLASTN 679 1e−63 82
    3390 21067 701134137H1 SOYMON038 g2564336 BLASTN 936 1e−69 85
    3391 21246 700909696H1 SOYMON022 g2505876 BLASTN 125 1e−18 85
    3392 21332 700744681H1 SOYMON013 g662925 BLASTN 610 1e−79 96
    3393 21332 700744690H1 SOYMON013 g662925 BLASTN 585 1e−83 99
    3394 21332 700749490H1 SOYMON013 g662925 BLASTN 1124 1e−84 97
    3395 21499 701131617H1 SOYMON038 g2564336 BLASTN 717 1e−50 79
    3396 21499 701137157H1 SOYMON038 g2564336 BLASTN 559 1e−37 79
    3397 21748 700845880H1 SOYMON021 g19260 BLASTN 152 1e−22 51
    3398 21802 701037159H1 SOYMON029 g20560 BLASTN 519 1e−34 74
    3399 21802 701041007H1 SOYMON029 g20560 BLASTN 647 1e−45 73
    3400 21919 700961280H1 SOYMON022 g2104679 BLASTN 196 1e−29 92
    3401 21967 701058447H1 SOYMON033 g2257568 BLASTN 176 1e−26 48
    3402 21967 701100978H1 SOYMON028 g2257568 BLASTN 199 1e−29 56
    3403 22873 701145018H1 SOYMON031 g1946267 BLASTN 174 1e−29 65
    3404 22873 701145825H1 SOYMON031 g20562 BLASTN 534 1e−35 77
    3405 22873 701146735H1 SOYMON031 g1946267 BLASTN 122 1e−31 76
    3406 22873 701149369H1 SOYMON031 g20562 BLASTN 438 1e−27 77
    3407 22873 701149568H1 SOYMON031 g20562 BLASTN 545 1e−36 77
    3408 22873 701149640H1 SOYMON031 g20562 BLASTN 545 1e−36 77
    3409 22873 701152857H1 SOYMON031 g20562 BLASTN 517 1e−34 78
    3410 22873 701155263H1 SOYMON031 g20562 BLASTN 454 1e−28 77
    3411 22873 701155295H1 SOYMON031 g20562 BLASTN 542 1e−36 74
    3412 23065 700832243H1 SOYMON019 g786425 BLASTN 262 1e−11 80
    3413 23065 701122643H1 SOYMON037 g786426 BLASTN 115 1e−21 54
    3414 23065 701209387H1 SOYMON035 g786425 BLASTN 449 1e−27 74
    3415 23501 LIB3055-005- LIB3055 g516869 BLASTN 160 1e−39 42
    Q1-N1-C5
    3416 23562 701014653H1 SOYMON019 g1890351 BLASTN 572 1e−38 71
    3417 23562 701038207H1 SOYMON029 g1890351 BLASTN 337 1e−33 71
    3418 23562 701122917H1 SOYMON037 g1890351 BLASTN 441 1e−26 70
    3419 23580 700967350H1 SOYMON031 g2196466 BLASTN 209 1e−30 53
    3420 23580 701047984H1 SOYMON032 g2196465 BLASTN 480 1e−31 65
    3421 23831 700893088H1 SOYMON024 g2398528 BLASTN 569 1e−38 82
    3422 23831 701003767H1 SOYMON019 g2398528 BLASTN 523 1e−34 84
    3423 23831 701011688H1 SOYMON019 g2398528 BLASTN 498 1e−32 83
    3424 24059 701212031H1 SOYMON035 g309570 BLASTN 289 1e−49 60
    3425 24059 701212619H1 SOYMON035 g1101769 BLASTN 455 1e−27 65
    3426 24059 701214572H1 SOYMON035 g2343273 BLASTN 241 1e−47 64
    3427 2408 700754509H1 SOYMON014 g2145357 BLASTN 399 1e−60 83
    3428 2408 700755930H1 SOYMON014 g2145357 BLASTN 387 1e−49 83
    3429 24250 700679378H1 SOYMON007 g2244810 BLASTN 76 1e−28 87
    3430 24250 701046531H1 SOYMON032 g22379 BLASTN 625 1e−43 78
    3431 2440 700650738H1 SOYMON003 g1100994 BLASTN 91 1e−22 38
    3432 2440 700653187H1 SOYMON003 g1100994 BLASTN 106 1e−23 55
    3433 2440 700662649H1 SOYMON005 g1100994 BLASTN 91 1e−17 41
    3434 2440 701005967H1 SOYMON019 g1100994 BLASTN 102 1e−25 51
    3435 24690 701010664H1 SOYMON019 g1002799 BLASTN 480 1e−29 71
    3436 24690 LIB3050-023- LIB3050 g1732513 BLASTN 134 1e−51 66
    Q1-K1-F5
    3437 25167 701009020H1 SOYMON019 g1167485 BLASTN 454 1e−27 70
    3438 25176 700562348H1 SOYMON002 g1899057 BLASTN 570 1e−38 74
    3439 25548 701105042H1 SOYMON036 g2245134 BLASTN 67 1e−17 37
    3440 25548 701120925H1 SOYMON037 g2245134 BLASTN 120 1e−18 62
    3441 25548 701210143H1 SOYMON035 g19260 BLASTN 116 1e−17 71
    3442 25580 700907219H1 SOYMON022 g1870205 BLASTN 640 1e−44 75
    3443 25580 701153366H1 SOYMON031 g1046271 BLASTN 567 1e−38 76
    3444 25580 701207013H1 SOYMON035 g1870205 BLASTN 615 1e−42 74
    3445 25580 701209467H1 SOYMON035 g22666 BLASTN 567 1e−38 79
    3446 25580 LIB3049-051- LIB3049 g1870205 BLASTN 642 1e−57 75
    Q1-E1-H4
    3447 25580 LIB3028-030- LIB3028 g1870205 BLASTN 640 1e−51 76
    Q1-B1-G8
    3448 25755 701049112H1 SOYMON032 g1429226 BLASTN 121 1e−18 76
    3449 25854 701123518H1 SOYMON037 g2398532 BLASTN 790 1e−57 77
    3450 26035 700993991H1 SOYMON011 g2505876 BLASTN 176 1e−26 66
    3451 26035 701044819H1 SOYMON032 g2505876 BLASTN 170 1e−25 65
    3452 26620 701156706H1 SOYMON031 g1206002 BLASTN 556 1e−37 70
    3453 26620 701157007H1 SOYMON031 g1239960 BLASTN 437 1e−26 65
    3454 26979 700853506H1 SOYMON023 g556557 BLASTN 640 1e−44 78
    3455 26979 701052874H1 SOYMON032 g556557 BLASTN 911 1e−67 82
    3456 27155 701210746H1 SOYMON035 g556408 BLASTN 280 1e−12 70
    3457 27155 701211562H1 SOYMON035 g556408 BLASTN 314 1e−15 70
    3458 27697 700677948H1 SOYMON007 g2398527 BLASTN 123 1e−22 65
    3459 27697 701125758H1 SOYMON037 g22379 BLASTN 525 1e−43 73
    3460 27778 700658844H1 SOYMON004 g2104680 BLASTN 772 1e−55 79
    3461 27778 700787104H2 SOYMON011 g2104680 BLASTN 767 1e−60 80
    3462 27778 701148053H1 SOYMON031 g2104680 BLASTN 772 1e−55 79
    3463 27778 LIB3054-004- LIB3054 g2104680 BLASTN 1084 1e−81 82
    Q1-N1-H8
    3464 27778 LIB3050-006- LIB3050 g2104680 BLASTN 955 1e−73 77
    Q1-E1-B4
    3465 27977 700994095H1 SOYMON011 g556557 BLASTN 857 1e−62 82
    3466 27977 701203544H2 SOYMON035 g556557 BLASTN 824 1e−59 81
    3467 28017 700834026H1 SOYMON019 g2832407 BLASTN 677 1e−47 76
    3468 28017 701004442H1 SOYMON019 g2832407 BLASTN 585 1e−39 76
    3469 28100 701044845H1 SOYMON032 g1002800 BLASTN 147 1e−24 81
    3470 28100 701102677H1 SOYMON028 g1002800 BLASTN 157 1e−23 81
    3471 28161 701005049H1 SOYMON019 g662929 BLASTN 189 1e−13 73
    3472 28161 701042306H1 SOYMON029 g662929 BLASTN 322 1e−16 68
    3473 28204 700663342H1 SOYMON005 g1838976 BLASTN 131 1e−30 63
    3474 28204 701122846H1 SOYMON037 g1838975 BLASTN 564 1e−38 74
    3475 28204 701206602H1 SOYMON035 g1838976 BLASTN 130 1e−19 40
    3476 28204 LIB3050-023- LIB3050 g1838975 BLASTN 748 1e−51 67
    Q1-K1-H4
    3477 28204 LIB3051-003- LIB3051 g1838975 BLASTN 680 1e−45 65
    Q1-E1-G12
    3478 28346 700671032H1 SOYMON006 g1171428 BLASTN 446 1e−26 78
    3479 28438 LIB3049-003- LIB3049 g2245390 BLASTN 159 1e−41 87
    Q1-E1-E8
    3480 2879 700725235H1 SOYMON009 g1183866 BLASTN 176 1e−38 68
    3481 2886 700959889H1 SOYMON022 g172637 BLASTN 240 1e−09 65
    3482 291 700657232H1 SOYMON004 g2398527 BLASTN 93 1e−23 78
    3483 291 700754192H1 SOYMON014 g22379 BLASTN 452 1e−35 82
    3484 291 700899456H1 SOYMON027 g2398527 BLASTN 121 1e−19 92
    3485 291 700969546H1 SOYMON005 g2398527 BLASTN 120 1e−24 78
    3486 291 701064889H1 SOYMON034 g2398527 BLASTN 80 1e−22 75
    3487 291 701122985H1 SOYMON037 g22379 BLASTN 494 1e−37 83
    3488 291 701133572H2 SOYMON038 g22379 BLASTN 484 1e−37 81
    3489 29481 700734814H1 SOYMON010 g1430847 BLASTN 642 1e−44 77
    3490 29660 LIB3050-015- LIB3050 g2464855 BLASTN 91 1e−44 78
    Q1-E1-H2
    3491 29660 LIB3053-001- LIB3053 g1263095 BLASTN 101 1e−44 59
    Q1-B1-D9
    3492 30057 LIB3049-041- LIB3049 g2920839 BLASTN 255 1e−55 51
    Q1-E1-F9
    3493 30591 700786351H1 SOYMON011 g2104680 BLASTN 225 1e−17 86
    3494 30591 LIB3049-015- LIB3049 g2104680 BLASTN 324 1e−18 76
    Q1-E1-C8
    3495 30776 701132894H1 SOYMON038 g1430848 BLASTN 86 1e−22 75
    3496 30776 LIB3051-072- LIB3051 g1430848 BLASTN 144 1e−42 73
    Q1-K1-D1
    3497 30802 700679829H1 SOYMON007 g1232130 BLASTN 159 1e−24 71
    3498 30802 LIB3051-061- LIB3051 g1232130 BLASTN 159 1e−40 55
    Q1-K1-D12
    3499 31069 700731911H1 SOYMON010 g1181185 BLASTN 367 1e−44 78
    3500 31069 LIB3028-002- LIB3028 g3184053 BLASTN 1421 1e−110 87
    Q1-B1-B2
    3501 31069 LIB3049-007- LIB3049 g3184053 BLASTN 817 1e−65 90
    Q1-E1-E6
    3502 31384 700651585H1 SOYMON003 g786426 BLASTN 161 1e−26 54
    3503 31384 LIB3051-005- LIB3051 g786426 BLASTN 180 1e−42 55
    Q1-E1-G9
    3504 31476 700905514H1 SOYMON022 g433634 BLASTN 271 1e−11 67
    3505 31476 LIB3051-042- LIB3051 g433634 BLASTN 271 1e−11 67
    Q1-K1-C7
    3506 3153 700560933H1 SOYMON001 g20562 BLASTN 1011 1e−75 84
    3507 3153 701107472H1 SOYMON036 g20562 BLASTN 813 1e−58 83
    3508 3153 701141189H1 SOYMON038 g20562 BLASTN 887 1e−65 82
    3509 3153 701142353H1 SOYMON038 g20562 BLASTN 790 1e−60 80
    3510 3156 700548233H1 SOYMON002 g662930 BLASTN 226 1e−33 69
    3511 3156 700836407H1 SOYMON020 g662930 BLASTN 131 1e−20 67
    3512 3156 700836443H1 SOYMON020 g2464881 BLASTN 131 1e−19 61
    3513 3156 700852876H1 SOYMON023 g662930 BLASTN 176 1e−35 68
    3514 3156 701134888H2 SOYMON038 g19488 BLASTN 219 1e−32 71
    3515 31655 LIB3065-006- LIB3065 g2921333 BLASTN 649 1e−43 69
    Q1-N1-D1
    3516 31655 LIB3065-006- LIB3065 g2921333 BLASTN 651 1e−43 67
    Q1-N1-F4
    3517 31674 700896653H1 SOYMON027 g945086 BLASTN 1303 1e−100 98
    3518 31674 LIB3051-030- LIB3051 g945086 BLASTN 1799 1e−153 94
    Q1-K1-H12
    3519 31973 701108371H1 SOYMON036 g662929 BLASTN 937 1e−79 95
    3520 31973 LIB3049-048- LIB3049 g662929 BLASTN 1317 1e−105 78
    Q1-E1-F11
    3521 3229 700831738H1 SOYMON019 g1946267 BLASTN 260 1e−38 70
    3522 3229 700870313H1 SOYMON016 g1946267 BLASTN 234 1e−34 72
    3523 32348 LIB3051-045- LIB3051 g2104680 BLASTN 183 1e−11 77
    Q1-K1-E8
    3524 32814 700852749H1 SOYMON023 g556557 BLASTN 798 1e−57 80
    3525 32814 LIB3049-002- LIB3049 g556557 BLASTN 1071 1e−80 77
    Q1-E1-F12
    3526 32958 700896355H1 SOYMON027 g1263095 BLASTN 92 1e−20 78
    3527 32958 LIB3055-013- LIB3055 g1263095 BLASTN 99 1e−36 73
    Q1-N1-G5
    3528 33430 700670286H1 SOYMON006 g19260 BLASTN 145 1e−23 67
    3529 33430 LIB3051-008- LIB3051 g19491 BLASTN 378 1e−31 64
    Q1-E1-A6
    3530 33452 700728414H1 SOYMON009 g2104680 BLASTN 643 1e−60 85
    3531 33452 LIB3050-020- LIB3050 g2104680 BLASTN 805 1e−63 80
    Q1-K1-D11
    3532 33477 700894136H1 SOYMON024 g2702280 BLASTN 80 1e−21 52
    3533 33477 LIB3051-083- LIB3051 g2702280 BLASTN 189 1e−58 49
    Q1-K1-E1
    3534 33485 701202635H1 SOYMON035 g1568512 BLASTN 472 1e−30 73
    3535 33485 LIB3051-059- LIB3051 g1568512 BLASTN 503 1e−30 74
    Q1-K2-E10
    3536 3358 700558937H1 SOYMON001 g662929 BLASTN 1048 1e−78 98
    3537 3358 700853374H1 SOYMON023 g662929 BLASTN 880 1e−84 98
    3538 3366 700564935H1 SOYMON002 g1899058 BLASTN 104 1e−20 70
    3539 3366 700750112H1 SOYMON013 g1899057 BLASTN 477 1e−30 65
    3540 3366 700867871H1 SOYMON016 g1899058 BLASTN 115 1e−17 71
    3541 3366 700897446H1 SOYMON027 g1899058 BLASTN 126 1e−19 72
    3542 3366 701013517H1 SOYMON019 g1899058 BLASTN 194 1e−29 67
    3543 3366 701128079H1 SOYMON037 g1899058 BLASTN 167 1e−25 60
    3544 3366 LIB3056-001- LIB3056 g2980802 BLASTN 214 1e−47 62
    Q1-B1-B4
    3545 33681 701208255H1 SOYMON035 g786426 BLASTN 99 1e−19 83
    3546 33681 LIB3051-067- LIB3051 g2062176 BLASTN 121 1e−50 56
    Q1-K1-C1
    3547 33852 701138263H1 SOYMON038 g1183866 BLASTN 197 1e−31 65
    3548 33852 LIB3051-079- LIB3051 g1707009 BLASTN 245 1e−53 55
    Q1-K1-B11
    3549 3479 700558834H1 SOYMON001 g19260 BLASTN 119 1e−18 52
    3550 3564 700661347H1 SOYMON005 g2104680 BLASTN 308 1e−14 80
    3551 3564 700829613H1 SOYMON019 g2104680 BLASTN 235 1e−08 85
    3552 3564 700850396H1 SOYMON023 g2104681 BLASTN 118 1e−18 88
    3553 3564 700899102H1 SOYMON027 g2104681 BLASTN 114 1e−17 88
    3554 3564 700905639H1 SOYMON022 g2104681 BLASTN 127 1e−19 89
    3555 3564 700959049H1 SOYMON022 g2104680 BLASTN 235 1e−09 78
    3556 3564 700973814H1 SOYMON005 g2104680 BLASTN 235 1e−09 88
    3557 3564 700982810H1 SOYMON009 g2104680 BLASTN 234 1e−09 74
    3558 3564 701001146H1 SOYMON018 g2104680 BLASTN 239 1e−09 74
    3559 3564 701012290H1 SOYMON019 g2104681 BLASTN 114 1e−17 88
    3560 3564 701013913H1 SOYMON019 g2104680 BLASTN 235 1e−08 85
    3561 3564 701038255H1 SOYMON029 g2104680 BLASTN 235 1e−10 70
    3562 3564 701038727H1 SOYMON029 g2104681 BLASTN 105 1e−22 89
    3563 3564 701045377H1 SOYMON032 g2104680 BLASTN 228 1e−09 69
    3564 3564 701064305H1 SOYMON034 g2104680 BLASTN 235 1e−08 85
    3565 3564 701105787H1 SOYMON036 g2104680 BLASTN 235 1e−09 78
    3566 3564 LIB3065-008- LIB3065 g2104680 BLASTN 308 1e−15 69
    Q1-N1-G11
    3567 3564 LIB3029-007- LIB3029 g2104681 BLASTN 118 1e−34 88
    Q1-B1-G6
    3568 3564 LIB3051-064- LIB3051 g2104681 BLASTN 118 1e−39 77
    Q1-K1-H3
    3569 3739 700678057H1 SOYMON007 g167727 BLASTN 217 1e−08 75
    3570 3756 700750091H1 SOYMON013 g1838975 BLASTN 369 1e−20 74
    3571 3756 700896732H1 SOYMON027 g1838975 BLASTN 365 1e−19 76
    3572 3757 700906204H1 SOYMON022 g1945281 BLASTN 76 1e−18 49
    3573 3757 LIB3040-025- LIB3040 g3183616 BLASTN 662 1e−44 72
    Q1-E1-B10
    3574 3757 LIB3040-058- LIB3040 g3183617 BLASTN 347 1e−66 78
    Q1-E1-D7
    3575 3757 LIB3039-014- LIB3039 g3183616 BLASTN 779 1e−55 72
    Q1-E1-E11
    3576 3840 701038289H1 SOYMON029 g1263094 BLASTN 494 1e−31 75
    3577 3840 701212974H1 SOYMON035 g1263094 BLASTN 546 1e−36 74
    3578 3840 LIB3051-018- LIB3051 g1263094 BLASTN 899 1e−66 75
    Q1-E1-G6
    3579 3911 700684011H1 SOYMON008 g1749546 BLASTN 121 1e−22 58
    3580 3911 700726126H1 SOYMON009 g1749546 BLASTN 138 1e−20 60
    3581 3911 700734215H1 SOYMON010 g1749546 BLASTN 105 1e−23 51
    3582 3911 700996059H1 SOYMON018 g1749546 BLASTN 122 1e−18 58
    3583 3911 701014452H1 SOYMON019 g1749546 BLASTN 140 1e−22 55
    3584 3911 701056116H1 SOYMON032 g1749546 BLASTN 141 1e−22 60
    3585 3911 701121214H1 SOYMON037 g1749546 BLASTN 122 1e−18 51
    3586 3911 701132709H1 SOYMON038 g1749546 BLASTN 122 1e−22 56
    3587 3911 LIB3049-052- LIB3049 g1749546 BLASTN 82 1e−35 60
    Q1-E1-E7
    3588 3926 700837867H1 SOYMON020 g1619921 BLASTN 144 1e−21 63
    3589 3926 700842078H1 SOYMON020 g1619921 BLASTN 212 1e−30 64
    3590 3926 700843027H1 SOYMON020 g19488 BLASTN 170 1e−31 76
    3591 3926 700843129H1 SOYMON020 g662930 BLASTN 113 1e−20 70
    3592 3926 700853331H1 SOYMON023 g19487 BLASTN 521 1e−34 73
    3593 3926 700907314H1 SOYMON022 g1619921 BLASTN 153 1e−25 58
    3594 3926 700907613H1 SOYMON022 g2464881 BLASTN 101 1e−20 56
    3595 3926 700967747H1 SOYMON033 g662931 BLASTN 631 1e−43 73
    3596 3926 701042075H1 SOYMON029 g662931 BLASTN 456 1e−28 70
    3597 3926 LIB3049-034- LIB3049 g19488 BLASTN 161 1e−57 69
    Q1-E1-F3
    3598 3937 700658125H1 SOYMON004 g2104680 BLASTN 326 1e−25 80
    3599 3937 700745125H1 SOYMON013 g2104680 BLASTN 330 1e−27 77
    3600 3937 700748325H1 SOYMON013 g2104680 BLASTN 326 1e−22 81
    3601 3937 700845251H1 SOYMON021 g2104681 BLASTN 102 1e−26 86
    3602 3937 700851931H1 SOYMON023 g2104680 BLASTN 367 1e−21 73
    3603 3937 700854081H1 SOYMON023 g2104680 BLASTN 542 1e−36 75
    3604 3937 700944587H1 SOYMON024 g2104680 BLASTN 644 1e−44 82
    3605 3937 LIB3049-006- LIB3049 g2104680 BLASTN 919 1e−73 80
    Q1-E1-E8
    3606 3937 LIB3053-002- LIB3053 g2104680 BLASTN 585 1e−62 78
    Q1-B1-F2
    3607 4122 700863730H1 SOYMON016 g2555018 BLASTN 108 1e−18 31
    3608 419 700554553H1 SOYMON001 g556557 BLASTN 434 1e−25 81
    3609 419 700562907H1 SOYMON002 g556557 BLASTN 915 1e−67 82
    3610 419 700669631H1 SOYMON006 g556557 BLASTN 850 1e−62 83
    3611 419 700669949H1 SOYMON006 g556557 BLASTN 850 1e−62 83
    3612 419 700681868H1 SOYMON008 g556557 BLASTN 912 1e−67 85
    3613 419 700684342H1 SOYMON008 g556557 BLASTN 656 1e−45 82
    3614 419 700685678H1 SOYMON008 g556557 BLASTN 663 1e−46 82
    3615 419 700758063H1 SOYMON015 g556557 BLASTN 922 1e−68 84
    3616 419 700795941H1 SOYMON017 g556557 BLASTN 354 1e−54 82
    3617 419 701044342H1 SOYMON032 g556557 BLASTN 672 1e−47 81
    3618 419 701044487H1 SOYMON032 g556557 BLASTN 693 1e−48 83
    3619 419 701118765H1 SOYMON037 g556557 BLASTN 959 1e−71 83
    3620 419 LIB3051-047- LIB3051 g556557 BLASTN 1241 1e−94 82
    Q1-K1-D7
    3621 419 LIB3073-013- LIB3073 g556557 BLASTN 442 1e−25 82
    Q1-K1-D3
    3622 4212 701150507H1 SOYMON031 g1181264 BLASTN 235 1e−08 61
    3623 4509 700835337H1 SOYMON019 g1763063 BLASTN 125 1e−22 93
    3624 4509 700865469H1 SOYMON016 g1763063 BLASTN 171 1e−25 66
    3625 4509 700906733H1 SOYMON022 g1763063 BLASTN 95 1e−22 89
    3626 4509 701117825H2 SOYMON037 g1763063 BLASTN 147 1e−25 94
    3627 4513 700833937H1 SOYMON019 g171854 BLASTN 118 1e−25 39
    3628 4513 700863780H1 SOYMON016 g171854 BLASTN 127 1e−25 38
    3629 4533 700730794H1 SOYMON009 g1850792 BLASTN 353 1e−39 81
    3630 4533 700742725H1 SOYMON012 g1850792 BLASTN 305 1e−16 82
    3631 4533 700749727H1 SOYMON013 g1850792 BLASTN 504 1e−59 84
    3632 4533 700789503H2 SOYMON011 g1850792 BLASTN 355 1e−48 81
    3633 4533 700848536H1 SOYMON021 g1850792 BLASTN 465 1e−29 84
    3634 4533 700888137H1 SOYMON024 g1850792 BLASTN 327 1e−16 86
    3635 4533 700889876H1 SOYMON024 g1850792 BLASTN 314 1e−15 84
    3636 4533 700893009H1 SOYMON024 g1850792 BLASTN 504 1e−33 83
    3637 4533 700944604H1 SOYMON024 g1850792 BLASTN 465 1e−29 80
    3638 4533 700952210H1 SOYMON022 g1850792 BLASTN 507 1e−33 84
    3639 4533 700955405H1 SOYMON022 g1850792 BLASTN 507 1e−33 84
    3640 4533 700956625H1 SOYMON022 g1850792 BLASTN 399 1e−22 83
    3641 4533 701004730H1 SOYMON019 g1850792 BLASTN 507 1e−33 84
    3642 4533 701004762H1 SOYMON019 g1850792 BLASTN 500 1e−32 83
    3643 4533 701008170H1 SOYMON019 g1850792 BLASTN 507 1e−48 83
    3644 4533 701058588H1 SOYMON033 g1850792 BLASTN 493 1e−31 82
    3645 4533 701130254H1 SOYMON037 g1850792 BLASTN 427 1e−55 84
    3646 4533 701131239H1 SOYMON038 g1850792 BLASTN 455 1e−27 84
    3647 4533 701135205H1 SOYMON038 g1850792 BLASTN 507 1e−33 84
    3648 4533 701136840H1 SOYMON038 g1850792 BLASTN 385 1e−21 85
    3649 4533 701141535H1 SOYMON038 g1850792 BLASTN 498 1e−32 83
    3650 4533 701142624H1 SOYMON038 g1850792 BLASTN 455 1e−28 84
    3651 4533 701143656H1 SOYMON038 g1850792 BLASTN 504 1e−64 83
    3652 4533 701144723H1 SOYMON031 g1850792 BLASTN 407 1e−46 83
    3653 4533 701146448H1 SOYMON031 g1850792 BLASTN 258 1e−10 83
    3654 4533 701148343H1 SOYMON031 g1850792 BLASTN 507 1e−54 84
    3655 4533 701148621H1 SOYMON031 g1850792 BLASTN 507 1e−57 84
    3656 4533 LIB3028-007- LIB3028 g1850792 BLASTN 507 1e−31 84
    Q1-B1-D7
    3657 4533 LIB3050-002- LIB3050 g1850792 BLASTN 504 1e−84 82
    Q1-E1-G12
    3658 4546 700894637H1 SOYMON024 g1429228 BLASTN 124 1e−20 77
    3659 4546 701036956H1 SOYMON029 g2826881 BLASTN 525 1e−35 83
    3660 4546 701041532H1 SOYMON029 g2826882 BLASTN 174 1e−31 95
    3661 4796 700652920H1 SOYMON003 g2104680 BLASTN 777 1e−62 76
    3662 4796 700663404H1 SOYMON005 g2104680 BLASTN 262 1e−20 69
    3663 4796 700807535H1 SOYMON016 g2104680 BLASTN 330 1e−33 67
    3664 4796 700847547H1 SOYMON021 g2104680 BLASTN 498 1e−32 82
    3665 4796 700851708H1 SOYMON023 g2104680 BLASTN 646 1e−45 83
    3666 4796 700961790H1 SOYMON022 g2104680 BLASTN 297 1e−34 72
    3667 4796 700970350H1 SOYMON005 g2104681 BLASTN 56 1e−19 75
    3668 4796 701038462H1 SOYMON029 g2104680 BLASTN 273 1e−29 71
    3669 4796 701039421H1 SOYMON029 g2104681 BLASTN 160 1e−28 80
    3670 4796 701051129H1 SOYMON032 g2104680 BLASTN 322 1e−45 80
    3671 4796 701154317H1 SOYMON031 g2104681 BLASTN 167 1e−27 81
    3672 4796 LIB3028-007- LIB3028 g2104680 BLASTN 497 1e−47 72
    Q1-B1-B1
    3673 4796 LIB3049-038- LIB3049 g2104680 BLASTN 1009 1e−75 79
    Q1-E1-A10
    3674 4804 700733909H1 SOYMON010 g2104680 BLASTN 228 1e−30 81
    3675 4804 700897635H1 SOYMON027 g2104680 BLASTN 262 1e−37 80
    3676 513 700650723H1 SOYMON003 g1838975 BLASTN 644 1e−43 70
    3677 5136 701050319H1 SOYMON032 g2244754 BLASTN 84 1e−21 49
    3678 5194 700971432H1 SOYMON005 g2826881 BLASTN 511 1e−33 82
    3679 5194 701046255H1 SOYMON032 g1429228 BLASTN 76 1e−17 100
    3680 5194 701123541H1 SOYMON037 g2826881 BLASTN 424 1e−28 83
    3681 5194 701211954H1 SOYMON035 g1429228 BLASTN 92 1e−31 71
    3682 5194 LIB3056-014- LIB3056 g2826881 BLASTN 1004 1e−75 80
    Q1-N1-E2
    3683 5288 700996065H1 SOYMON018 g19492 BLASTN 228 1e−37 67
    3684 5288 700996241H1 SOYMON018 g19492 BLASTN 223 1e−32 62
    3685 5288 700997432H1 SOYMON018 g662931 BLASTN 439 1e−27 70
    3686 5448 700851939H1 SOYMON023 g2104682 BLASTN 441 1e−52 86
    3687 5448 700852006H1 SOYMON023 g2104682 BLASTN 441 1e−52 86
    3688 5448 700892455H1 SOYMON024 g2104682 BLASTN 447 1e−58 85
    3689 555 700852179H1 SOYMON023 g2464855 BLASTN 188 1e−28 54
    3690 555 700981245H1 SOYMON009 g2464855 BLASTN 175 1e−37 84
    3691 555 700989616H1 SOYMON011 g2642435 BLASTN 209 1e−39 78
    3692 555 701042926H1 SOYMON029 g2642435 BLASTN 196 1e−29 81
    3693 5605 700548206H1 SOYMON002 g1763062 BLASTN 310 1e−26 73
    3694 5605 700561956H1 SOYMON002 g1763062 BLASTN 155 1e−08 76
    3695 5605 700755925H1 SOYMON014 g1763063 BLASTN 73 1e−21 87
    3696 5605 700848126H1 SOYMON021 g1763062 BLASTN 353 1e−34 80
    3697 5605 700865221H1 SOYMON016 g1763063 BLASTN 79 1e−31 77
    3698 5605 700995194H1 SOYMON011 g1763062 BLASTN 317 1e−30 86
    3699 5605 701011881H1 SOYMON019 g1763062 BLASTN 169 1e−11 79
    3700 5605 701041839H1 SOYMON029 g1763063 BLASTN 58 1e−18 79
    3701 5605 LIB3049-006- LIB3049 g1763063 BLASTN 86 1e−49 78
    Q1-E1-B5
    3702 5605 LIB3049-045- LIB3049 g1763063 BLASTN 86 1e−41 80
    Q1-E1-E10
    3703 5605 LIB3055-002- LIB3055 g1763062 BLASTN 223 1e−28 79
    Q1-B1-F6
    3704 5605 LIB3055-007- LIB3055 g1763062 BLASTN 310 1e−39 80
    Q1-N1-B11
    3705 5605 LIB3056-008- LIB3056 g1763062 BLASTN 223 1e−29 78
    Q1-N1-F9
    3706 5605 LIB3056-003- LIB3056 g1763062 BLASTN 353 1e−44 83
    Q1-N1-A8
    3707 5605 LIB3050-008- LIB3050 g1763063 BLASTN 86 1e−48 77
    Q1-E1-D6
    3708 5605 LIB3050-022- LIB3050 g1763063 BLASTN 86 1e−47 78
    Q1-K1-G11
    3709 5605 LIB3053-011- LIB3053 g1763063 BLASTN 86 1e−47 75
    Q1-N1-E3
    3710 5605 LIB3053-011- LIB3053 g1763063 BLASTN 78 1e−35 85
    Q1-N1-E7
    3711 5605 LIB3053-010- LIB3053 g1763062 BLASTN 346 1e−30 81
    Q1-N1-B1
    3712 570 700846492H1 SOYMON021 g2062176 BLASTN 179 1e−26 86
    3713 570 700894740H1 SOYMON024 g2062176 BLASTN 191 1e−28 86
    3714 5922 700565484H1 SOYMON002 g1899058 BLASTN 144 1e−22 77
    3715 5922 700868485H1 SOYMON016 g1899058 BLASTN 116 1e−18 83
    3716 5922 700943237H1 SOYMON024 g1899058 BLASTN 155 1e−23 71
    3717 5961 700763147H1 SOYMON015 g671868 BLASTN 110 1e−18 69
    3718 5961 700909837H1 SOYMON022 g2244754 BLASTN 145 1e−21 75
    3719 6220 700660806H1 SOYMON005 g662930 BLASTN 116 1e−25 60
    3720 6220 700901135H1 SOYMON027 g662930 BLASTN 186 1e−27 73
    3721 6557 701068369H1 SOYMON034 g1101770 BLASTN 326 1e−46 70
    3722 697 701059577H1 SOYMON033 g1292897 BLASTN 431 1e−25 63
    3723 7166 701135334H1 SOYMON038 g414117 BLASTN 81 1e−19 66
    3724 7236 700658905H1 SOYMON004 g1922964 BLASTN 233 1e−58 83
    3725 7292 700556612H1 SOYMON001 g662923 BLASTN 281 1e−29 80
    3726 7292 700675424H1 SOYMON007 g662924 BLASTN 148 1e−24 85
    3727 7586 700672319H1 SOYMON006 g1101770 BLASTN 250 1e−36 74
    3728 7586 700672929H1 SOYMON006 g1732246 BLASTN 515 1e−34 71
    3729 7586 LIB3052-001- LIB3052 g1101769 BLASTN 453 1e−43 74
    Q1-B1-H7
    3730 7592 700678729H1 SOYMON007 g458966 BLASTN 304 1e−43 62
    3731 7592 700831110H1 SOYMON019 g458966 BLASTN 246 1e−35 56
    3732 7804 700756020H1 SOYMON014 g2104680 BLASTN 273 1e−22 68
    3733 7804 700970227H1 SOYMON005 g2104680 BLASTN 317 1e−15 59
    3734 7804 700974028H1 SOYMON005 g2104680 BLASTN 266 1e−11 63
    3735 7950 700729027H1 SOYMON009 g1945282 BLASTN 666 1e−46 77
    3736 8078 700666305H1 SOYMON005 g2104680 BLASTN 859 1e−62 79
    3737 8078 700791826H1 SOYMON011 g2104680 BLASTN 396 1e−45 75
    3738 8078 700987478H1 SOYMON009 g2104680 BLASTN 778 1e−56 77
    3739 8078 701056185H1 SOYMON032 g2104680 BLASTN 315 1e−15 62
    3740 8078 701129761H1 SOYMON037 g2104680 BLASTN 646 1e−45 79
    3741 82 700673133H1 SOYMON006 g1430847 BLASTN 921 1e−67 82
    3742 82 700891441H1 SOYMON024 g1430847 BLASTN 788 1e−56 79
    3743 82 700975491H1 SOYMON009 g1945281 BLASTN 139 1e−21 96
    3744 82 700980383H1 SOYMON009 g1945281 BLASTN 133 1e−20 91
    3745 82 701044378H1 SOYMON032 g1945281 BLASTN 115 1e−17 67
    3746 82 701047753H1 SOYMON032 g1945281 BLASTN 197 1e−29 97
    3747 82 701048272H1 SOYMON032 g1945281 BLASTN 147 1e−22 96
    3748 82 701048288H1 SOYMON032 g1945281 BLASTN 147 1e−22 96
    3749 82 LIB3051-002- LIB3051 g1945281 BLASTN 167 1e−46 80
    Q1-E1-D7
    3750 82 LIB3051-039- LIB3051 g928929 BLASTN 907 1e−66 81
    Q1-K1-G12
    3751 82 LIB3051-084- LIB3051 g928929 BLASTN 955 1e−70 81
    Q1-K1-A12
    3752 8242 700562978H1 SOYMON002 g1763062 BLASTN 1045 1e−83 100
    3753 8242 700654577H1 SOYMON004 g1763062 BLASTN 466 1e−52 89
    3754 8242 700683276H1 SOYMON008 g1763062 BLASTN 843 1e−74 96
    3755 8242 700761189H1 SOYMON015 g1763062 BLASTN 474 1e−53 92
    3756 8242 700790555H2 SOYMON011 g1763062 BLASTN 1090 1e−82 100
    3757 8242 700793624H1 SOYMON017 g1763062 BLASTN 692 1e−93 97
    3758 8242 700797306H1 SOYMON017 g1763062 BLASTN 964 1e−71 94
    3759 8242 700831193H1 SOYMON019 g1763062 BLASTN 970 1e−78 100
    3760 8242 700852349H1 SOYMON023 g1763062 BLASTN 478 1e−50 92
    3761 8242 700864869H1 SOYMON016 g1763062 BLASTN 764 1e−68 98
    3762 8242 700865296H1 SOYMON016 g1763062 BLASTN 1006 1e−103 98
    3763 8242 700869542H1 SOYMON016 g1763062 BLASTN 1110 1e−83 100
    3764 8242 700873873H1 SOYMON018 g1763062 BLASTN 464 1e−64 92
    3765 8242 700992121H1 SOYMON011 g1763062 BLASTN 549 1e−74 96
    3766 8242 701001463H1 SOYMON018 g1763062 BLASTN 686 1e−87 100
    3767 8242 701009789H1 SOYMON019 g1763062 BLASTN 547 1e−70 97
    3768 8242 701012778H1 SOYMON019 g1763062 BLASTN 460 1e−52 91
    3769 8242 701042608H1 SOYMON029 g1763062 BLASTN 1190 1e−90 100
    3770 8242 701048487H1 SOYMON032 g1763062 BLASTN 474 1e−53 92
    3771 8242 701050227H1 SOYMON032 g1763062 BLASTN 1145 1e−86 100
    3772 8242 701053639H1 SOYMON032 g1763062 BLASTN 371 1e−34 81
    3773 8242 701123790H1 SOYMON037 g1763062 BLASTN 391 1e−74 92
    3774 8242 LIB3054-010- LIB3054 g1763062 BLASTN 549 1e−96 90
    Q1-N1-F2
    3775 8242 LIB3056-014- LIB3056 g1763062 BLASTN 474 1e−71 89
    Q1-N1-G11
    3776 8242 LIB3056-003- LIB3056 g1763062 BLASTN 1260 1e−131 93
    Q1-N1-H1
    3777 8317 700561923H1 SOYMON002 g2642435 BLASTN 131 1e−20 74
    3778 8317 700892106H1 SOYMON024 g2642435 BLASTN 164 1e−24 73
    3779 8317 700899889H1 SOYMON027 g2642435 BLASTN 213 1e−31 77
    3780 8317 701003333H1 SOYMON019 g2642435 BLASTN 241 1e−35 78
    3781 8317 701005077H1 SOYMON019 g2642435 BLASTN 155 1e−27 70
    3782 8317 701010881H1 SOYMON019 g2642435 BLASTN 67 1e−17 77
    3783 8317 701039015H1 SOYMON029 g1263097 BLASTN 217 1e−31 76
    3784 8382 700560421H1 SOYMON001 g1899058 BLASTN 171 1e−30 68
    3785 8382 701006630H1 SOYMON019 g1899058 BLASTN 155 1e−23 70
    3786 8382 701010436H1 SOYMON019 g1899058 BLASTN 166 1e−24 69
    3787 8382 701014821H1 SOYMON019 g1899058 BLASTN 165 1e−27 68
    3788 8418 700560620H1 SOYMON001 g2832616 BLASTN 113 1e−22 46
    3789 8418 700874673H1 SOYMON018 g2832616 BLASTN 83 1e−20 49
    3790 8536 700564124H1 SOYMON002 g1263094 BLASTN 481 1e−31 74
    3791 8536 700565513H1 SOYMON002 g1263095 BLASTN 243 1e−39 83
    3792 8536 700849213H1 SOYMON021 g1263094 BLASTN 480 1e−30 75
    3793 8536 700876718H1 SOYMON018 g1263094 BLASTN 453 1e−27 73
    3794 8536 700891266H1 SOYMON024 g1263095 BLASTN 152 1e−38 85
    3795 8536 700976667H1 SOYMON009 g1263094 BLASTN 452 1e−27 76
    3796 8536 701013001H1 SOYMON019 g1263094 BLASTN 551 1e−37 74
    3797 8536 701124025H1 SOYMON037 g1263094 BLASTN 485 1e−30 74
    3798 8536 701206455H1 SOYMON035 g2642435 BLASTN 262 1e−38 83
    3799 8766 700685146H1 SOYMON008 g22379 BLASTN 427 1e−31 82
    3800 8766 700895522H1 SOYMON027 g22379 BLASTN 387 1e−22 81
    3801 8766 700977785H1 SOYMON009 g22379 BLASTN 387 1e−35 81
    3802 8766 701009551H1 SOYMON019 g22379 BLASTN 474 1e−29 76
    3803 8766 701009560H1 SOYMON019 g22379 BLASTN 392 1e−22 81
    3804 8793 700904667H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 746 1e−53 83
    3805 8793 700904677H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 848 1e−61 84
    3806 8793 700955479H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 496 1e−64 83
    3807 8793 700958582H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 729 1e−52 80
    3808 8793 700961381H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 838 1e−61 85
    3809 8793 700964029H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 881 1e−64 86
    3810 8793 LIB3028-006- LIB3028 g1841474 BLASTN 1207 1e−92 84
    Q1-B1-A8
    3811 897 700686620H1 SOYMON008 g790635 BLASTN 144 1e−21 83
    3812 897 700741338H1 SOYMON012 g790635 BLASTN 112 1e−17 74
    3813 8985 700894021H1 SOYMON024 g171580 BLASTN 152 1e−25 47
    3814 8985 700894303H1 SOYMON024 g171580 BLASTN 177 1e−26 49
    3815 9000 700897913H1 SOYMON027 g1206002 BLASTN 736 1e−52 84
    3816 9000 700899221H1 SOYMON027 g1206002 BLASTN 779 1e−56 84
    3817 9000 700979179H1 SOYMON009 g1206002 BLASTN 452 1e−46 87
    3818 9000 701150426H1 SOYMON031 g1206002 BLASTN 909 1e−67 87
    3819 9000 701150655H1 SOYMON031 g1206002 BLASTN 495 1e−32 79
    3820 9000 701154351H1 SOYMON031 g1206002 BLASTN 840 1e−61 84
    3821 9000 701154756H1 SOYMON031 g1206002 BLASTN 786 1e−56 83
    3822 9293 700754809H1 SOYMON014 g2062176 BLASTN 134 1e−20 92
    3823 9293 700909018H1 SOYMON022 g2062176 BLASTN 134 1e−20 92
    3824 9293 701106927H1 SOYMON036 g2062176 BLASTN 134 1e−20 92
    3825 9293 701126505H1 SOYMON037 g2062176 BLASTN 104 1e−22 74
    3826 9293 LIB3051-107- LIB3051 g2062176 BLASTN 105 1e−52 65
    Q1-K1-C1
    3827 9376 700831926H1 SOYMON019 g695690 BLASTN 126 1e−19 46
    3828 9376 701213194H1 SOYMON035 g695690 BLASTN 122 1e−18 46
    3829 9561 700665919H1 SOYMON005 g1046277 BLASTN 254 1e−22 79
    3830 9561 700842724H1 SOYMON020 g1046277 BLASTN 254 1e−15 88
    3831 9795 700952349H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 994 1e−82 91
    3832 9795 700956022H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 887 1e−73 90
    3833 9795 700958780H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 501 1e−65 87
    3834 9795 700959106H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 928 1e−68 89
    3835 9795 700960315H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 897 1e−73 90
    3836 9795 700960664H1 SOYMON022 g1841474 BLASTN 678 1e−51 90
    3837 9802 700953222H1 SOYMON022 g166591 BLASTN 116 1e−25 50
    3838 9802 700959943H1 SOYMON022 g1206002 BLASTN 405 1e−23 70
    3839 9802 701205476H1 SOYMON035 g166589 BLASTN 432 1e−25 77
    3840 9916 700667883H1 SOYMON006 g290056 BLASTN 611 1e−42 72
    3841 9916 700731014H1 SOYMON009 g290056 BLASTN 673 1e−47 74
    3842 9916 700740852H1 SOYMON012 g290056 BLASTN 717 1e−50 73
    3843 9916 701040044H1 SOYMON029 g290057 BLASTN 160 1e−27 81
    3844 9916 701052544H1 SOYMON032 g290056 BLASTN 768 1e−55 80
    3845 9916 701052934H1 SOYMON032 g290056 BLASTN 702 1e−49 72
    3846 9916 701065663H1 SOYMON034 g172877 BLASTN 402 1e−51 77
    3847 9916 701121723H1 SOYMON037 g290056 BLASTN 449 1e−35 69
    3848 9916 701122023H1 SOYMON037 g290056 BLASTN 653 1e−45 72
    3849 9916 701123218H1 SOYMON037 g290056 BLASTN 616 1e−42 72
    3850 9916 701136006H1 SOYMON038 g290056 BLASTN 833 1e−60 79
    3851 9916 701209561H1 SOYMON035 g290056 BLASTN 842 1e−61 78
    3852 9916 LIB3049-054- LIB3049 g2982330 BLASTN 993 1e−74 78
    Q1-E1-C8
    3853 9916 LIB3052-012- LIB3052 g172877 BLASTN 721 1e−49 78
    Q1-N1-D8
    • *Table Headings Cluster ID
  • A cluster ID is arbitrarily assigned to all of those clones which belong to the same cluster at a given stringency and a particular clone will belong to only one cluster at a given stringency. If a cluster contains only a single clone (a “singleton”), then the cluster ID number will be negative, with an absolute value equal to the clone ID number of its single member. The cluster ID entries in the table refer to the cluster with which the particular clone in each row is associated.
    • Clone ID
  • The clone ID number refers to the particular clone in the PhytoSeq database. Each clone ID entry in the table refers to the clone whose sequence is used for (1) the sequence comparison whose scores are presented and/or (2) assignment to the particular cluster which is presented. Note that a clone may be included in this table even if its sequence comparison scores fail to meet the minimum standards for similarity. In such a case, the clone is included due solely to its association with a particular cluster for which sequences of one or more other member clones possess the required level of similarity.
    • Library
  • The library ID refers to the particular cDNA library from which a given clone is obtained. Each cDNA library is associated with the particular tissue(s), line(s) and developmental stage(s) from which it is isolated.
    • NCBI gi
  • Each sequence in the GenBank public database is arbitrarily assigned a unique NCBI gi (National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank Identifier) number. In this table, the NCBI gi number which is associated (in the same row) with a given clone refers to the particular GenBank sequence which is used in the sequence comparison. This entry is omitted when a clone is included solely due to its association with a particular cluster.
    • Method
  • The entry in the “Method” column of the table refers to the type of BLAST search that is used for the sequence comparison. “CLUSTER” is entered when the sequence comparison scores for a given clone fail to meet the minimum values required for significant similarity. In such cases, the clone is listed in the table solely as a result of its association with a given cluster for which sequences of one or more other member clones possess the required level of similarity.
    • Score
  • Each entry in the “Score” column of the table refers to the BLAST score that is generated by sequence comparison of the designated clone with the designated GenBank sequence using the designated BLAST method. This entry is omitted when a clone is included solely due to its association with a particular cluster. If the program used to determine the hit is HMMSW then the score refers to HMMSW score.
    • P-Value
  • The entries in the P-Value column refer to the probability that such matches occur by chance.
    • % Ident
  • The entries in the “% Ident” column of the table refer to the percentage of identically matched nucleotides (or residues) that exist along the length of that portion of the sequences which is aligned by the BLAST comparison to generate the statistical scores presented. This entry is omitted when a clone is included solely due to its association with a particular cluster.

Claims (28)

1-9. (canceled)
10. A substantially purified nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence wherein said nucleic acid sequence shares at least 90% or greater identity to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
11. A substantially purified nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence that shares between 100% and 90% sequence identity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
12. The substantially purified nucleic acid molecule of claim 11, wherein said nucleic acid sequence shares between 100% and 95% sequence identity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
13. The substantially purified nucleic acid molecule of claim 12, wherein said nucleic acid sequence shares between 100% and 98% sequence identity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
14. The substantially purified nucleic acid molecule of claim 13, wherein said nucleic acid sequence shares between 100% and 99% sequence identity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
15. The substantially purified nucleic acid molecule of claim 14, wherein said nucleic acid sequence exhibits 100% sequence identity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
16. A substantially purified polypeptide, wherein said polypeptide is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence, wherein said nucleic acid sequence shares at least 90% or greater identity to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
17. A transformed plant comprising a nucleic acid molecule which comprises:
(a) an exogenous promoter region which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of an mRNA molecule; which is linked to;
(b) a structural nucleic acid molecule, wherein said structural nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleic acid sequence, wherein said nucleic acid sequence shares at least 90% or greater identity to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, or
which is linked to
(c) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in said plant cell to cause the termination of transcription and the addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to said 3′ end of said mRNA molecule.
18. The transformed plant according to claim 17, wherein said nucleic acid sequence is a complete complement of a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
19. The transformed plant according to claim 17, wherein said plant is selected from the group consisting of cotton, soybean, maize and wheat.
20. The transformed plant according to claim 19, wherein said plant is cotton.
21. The transformed plant according to claim 19, wherein said plant is soybean.
22. The transformed plant according to claim 19, wherein said plant is maize.
23. The transformed plant according to claim 19, wherein said plant is wheat.
24. A transformed seed comprising a transformed plant cell comprising a nucleic acid molecule which comprises:
(a) an exogenous promoter region which functions in said plant cell to cause the production of an mRNA molecule; which is linked to;
(b) a structural nucleic acid molecule, wherein said structural nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleic acid sequence, wherein said nucleic acid sequence shares at least a 90% or greater identity to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853,
which is linked to
(c) a 3′ non-translated sequence that functions in said plant cell to cause the termination of transcription and the addition of polyadenylated ribonucleotides to said 3′ end of said mRNA molecule.
25. The transformed seed according to claim 24, wherein said nucleic acid sequence is a complete complement of a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853.
26. The transformed seed according to claim 24, wherein said exogenous promoter region functions in a seed cell.
27. The transformed seed according to claim 24, wherein said seed is selected from the group consisting of a cotton, soybean, maize and wheat seed.
28. The transformed seed according to claim 27, wherein said seed is a cotton seed.
29. The transformed seed according to claim 27, wherein said seed is a soybean seed.
30. The transformed seed according to claim 27, wherein said seed is a maize seed.
31. The transformed seed according to claim 27, wherein said seed is a wheat seed.
32. A method of producing a genetically transformed plant, comprising the steps of:
(a) inserting into the genome of a plant cell a recombinant, double-stranded DNA molecule comprising
(i) a promoter which functions in a plant cell to cause the production of an RNA sequence,
(ii) a structural nucleic acid molecule, wherein said structural nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleic acid sequence, wherein said nucleic acid sequence shares at least a 90% or greater identity to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853 and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853,
 which is linked to
(iii) a 3′ non-translated sequence which functions in plant cells to cause the addition of polyadenylated nucleotides to the 3′ end of RNA sequence,
(b) obtaining a transformed plant cell with said structural nucleic acid molecule that encodes one or more proteins, wherein said structural nucleic acid molecule is transcribed and results in expression of said protein(s); and
(c) regenerating from said transformed plant cell a genetically transformed plant.
33. A method for reducing expression of a protein in a plant cell comprising growing a transformed plant cell containing a nucleic acid molecule wherein the non-transcribed strand of said nucleic acid molecule encodes a protein or fragment thereof, and wherein the transcribed strand of said nucleic acid molecule is complementary to a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and whereby said transcribed strand reduces or depresses expression of said protein.
34. A method for causing overexpression of a protein in a plant cell comprising growing a transformed plant cell containing a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a protein or fragment thereof, wherein said nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and whereby said nucleic acid molecule increases expression of said protein.
35. A method of producing a plant containing reduced levels of a protein comprising:
(a) transforming a plant cell with a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, wherein said nucleic acid molecule is transcribed and results in decreased expression or co-suppression of endogenous protein synthesis activity, and
(b) regenerating said plant comprising said plant cell and producing subsequent progeny from said plant.
36. A method of growing a transgenic plant comprising
(a) planting a transformed seed comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and a complete complement of SEQ ID NO: 1 through SEQ ID NO: 3853, and
(b) growing a plant from said seed.
US12/273,366 1997-11-24 2008-11-18 Nucleic Acid Molecules and Other Molecules Associated with Transcription in Plants Abandoned US20090172833A1 (en)

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