US2008114A - Air or gas lift pump - Google Patents

Air or gas lift pump Download PDF

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Publication number
US2008114A
US2008114A US670288A US67028833A US2008114A US 2008114 A US2008114 A US 2008114A US 670288 A US670288 A US 670288A US 67028833 A US67028833 A US 67028833A US 2008114 A US2008114 A US 2008114A
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air
tubing
valve
gas
well
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US670288A
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George K Taggart
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/18—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium being mixed with, or generated from the liquid to be pumped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/122—Gas lift

Definitions

  • This invention relates to oil or water well equipment and it has particular reference to pumping facilities for producing oil or extracting water from subterranean areas by air or gas pressure and its principal object resides in the provision of apparatus capable of attachment within a conventional oil or water well and calculated to receive suflicient fluid pressure to force a maximum amount of liquid to the earths surface at a minimum cost. 7
  • Another object of the invention resides in the provision of such a device as will greatly reduce the usual attendant production cost of oil wells, and the like, and afford a means whereby maximum results can be realized.
  • a particularly desirable feature of the invention is manifest in the simplicity of construction and dependability of its operation, lifting a large column of fluid,
  • the natural gas pressure in the well can also be augmented by the introduction of air or gas pressure from the earths surface to assist in lifting the column of liquid.
  • Still another object of the invention is manifest in the provision of a means whereby the lifting force can be completely and easily controlled at the earths surface thereby enabling the production operation to be conducted at will, that is to say, afiording a means whereby production can be started or stopped as desired.
  • a still further object of the invention resides in the provision of a device which is particularly advantageous in the oil fields where production has been materially curtailed and where only a given amount of oil is allowed to be produced in a given period of timeand where pumping is periodical rather than continuous.
  • the invention as outlined in the foregoing paragraphs, is capable of operation at will and enables the producer to reduce his production expense yet without sacrificing efliciency in such production.
  • Figure l is a vertical cross-sectional elevational view of the uppermost portion of the invention projecting above the derrick floor.
  • Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional View of the invention illustrating the valve arrangement in the lowermost portion thereof and which projects into the well.
  • Figure 3 is a lateral cross-sectional view taken on lines 3-3 of Figure 3.
  • Figure 4 is a lateral cross-sectional View taken on lines 4- 5 of Figure 2, and
  • Figure 5 is a complete layout of the invention. l It will accordingly be presently shown that a .means of positive control from a point outside of the well is aiforded by which the fluid discharge annular eductor 26 and the air line 25 can be left free of fluid when the pumping period is completed, and whereby the said annular eductor 26 and the air line 25-can be kept in that condition until the fluid valve 35 in the foot piece is manually opened irrespective of whether compressed air or gas is introduced into the pump or not.
  • the fluid discharge annular eductor being empty at the beginning of the pumping period, thereby allowing compressed or gas to pass freely down through the air line 25, and thence upward through the annular eductor 26 before the fluid valve is opened, obviates the necessity of excessive pressures in kicking off or starting the well to flowing, as is usual in air lift pumps.
  • the collar 24 is the top collar of the outside casing 28 of a well.
  • A- fluid annular eductor 26 contains a compressed air tubing 30.
  • a string of tubing is hung from a special collar i9, which is fluid and gas tight, with respect to a cross i8, due to its having a ground joint seat in the cross ill.
  • the cross I8 is threaded into the collar 24.
  • , provides meansof discharge (when used in an oil well) should the well flow through the casing 28.
  • Another cross'l3 is threaded into the cross I8, and is provided with two outlets I6 and I1, one or both of which can be used for discharge of the fluid and air and/ or gas, that vents through the annular eductor 26.
  • a device islillustrated in Figure 1 that will positively and efliciently raise or lower the air tubing 30 in the well.
  • the tubing 30 acts as a stem for the fluid valve 34 in the lowermost end of the assembly as illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the air tubing'30' is supported by a collar 2 on the plate 3 which in turn is supported by a screw jack 1, which slips loosely around the tubing 3%..
  • a nut which is provided with square female threads mesh with the male threads on the screw jack 1.
  • the nut 4 rests on a ball bearing race 5, which in turn sets in a recess on top of the support 6.
  • the nut 4 is capstan headed having drilled holes into which a lever handle 9 can be inserted to rotate the nut 4, which raises or lowers the screw jack 7 and consequently raises or lowers the tubing 38 and the valve 34 in the same manner, since the tubing 30 is suspended from a collar on the screw jack 5.
  • a guide it is keyed rigidly to the lower end of the screw jack 1.
  • the outer extremities of the guide 10 have recesses which engage the splines 8, and which cause the screw jack 1 and the tubing 33. to move upwardly and downwardly without turning or twisting as the nut Q is rotated.
  • a stufiing box ll prevents leakage of air or fluid around the tubing 35 when the same is raised or lowered.
  • the foot piece is threaded onto the tubing 29.
  • a valve seat 35 is turned in the foot piece and is closed or opened by lowering or raising the valve 33, which latter is blind and is threaded onto the bottom of the air tubing 38.
  • the lower part of the tubing 38 is provided with perforations which are sufficient in area to allow the escape of compressed air or gas into the annular eductor 2S and still maintain the proper back. pressure within the tubing 30.
  • the vertical guides 33 keep the valve 34 centered in the tubing Bfiand prevents chattering when the valve 34 is raised to allow the entrance of fluid into the annular eductor 26.
  • a check or standing valve 39 may be'threaded into the collar 38 an arbitrary distance below the foot piece.
  • a standing valve 39 may be used to prevent any possibility of compressed air or gas exerting any back pressure on the producing sands.
  • Perforations M are placed in the tubing anchor 45 below the standing valve 39.
  • valve 34 is then gradually opened by revolving the nut 4 on the screw jack 5 until a maximum amount of oil and/or water is passing upwardly through the tubing 40, the standing valve 39 and into the annular eductor 5: 3, for the particularamount of air or gas being used at that time, and is aerated or lightened by its coiningling with the compressed air or gas and so passes up through the annular eductorZS and is discharged from the well through one of two openings, E4 or E5, in the cross Hi to a container such as a tank or the ,like' not shown.
  • the valve 34 is then gradually opened by revolving the nut 4 on the screw jack 5 until a maximum amount of oil and/or water is passing upwardly through the tubing 40, the standing valve 39 and into the annular eductor 5: 3, for the particularamount of air or gas being used at that time, and is aerated or lightened by its coiningling with the compressed air or gas and so passes up through the annular e
  • valve 34 is lowered into its seat 35 by revolving the nut 4 on the screw jack 5, at the top of the well, while Should a small amount of oil or/and' the compressed air or gas is still circulating upwardly through the annular eductor 26, thereby cleaning the annular eductor 26 of oil and/or water. 7
  • I 3 In combination with a bored well casing, and 7 string of tubing, cross-heads arranged in super-. imposed relationship in the head of the said casing, a cylindrical housing vertically arranged upon the said cross-heads, auair tube concentrically arranged within the said cylindrical housing and extending downwardly through the said tubing capable of vertical adjustment therein, a valve seat positioned in the said tubing, a valve closure fixed at the lowermost end of the said air tube capable of engaging the said valve .seat,.

Description

y 6, 1935. c. K. TAGGART AIR OR GAS LIFT PUMP Filed May 10, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 16, 1935. a. K. TAGGART AIR 0R GAS LIFT PUMP Filed May 10, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTGR ATTORNEY Patented July 16, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.
This invention relates to oil or water well equipment and it has particular reference to pumping facilities for producing oil or extracting water from subterranean areas by air or gas pressure and its principal object resides in the provision of apparatus capable of attachment within a conventional oil or water well and calculated to receive suflicient fluid pressure to force a maximum amount of liquid to the earths surface at a minimum cost. 7
Another object of the invention resides in the provision of such a device as will greatly reduce the usual attendant production cost of oil wells, and the like, and afford a means whereby maximum results can be realized. A particularly desirable feature of the invention is manifest in the simplicity of construction and dependability of its operation, lifting a large column of fluid,
by introduction of air or gas from the earths surface at a point adjacent to or remote from the mouth of the well. The natural gas pressure in the well can also be augmented by the introduction of air or gas pressure from the earths surface to assist in lifting the column of liquid.
Still another object of the invention is manifest in the provision of a means whereby the lifting force can be completely and easily controlled at the earths surface thereby enabling the production operation to be conducted at will, that is to say, afiording a means whereby production can be started or stopped as desired.
A still further object of the invention resides in the provision of a device which is particularly advantageous in the oil fields where production has been materially curtailed and where only a given amount of oil is allowed to be produced in a given period of timeand where pumping is periodical rather than continuous. The invention, as outlined in the foregoing paragraphs, is capable of operation at will and enables the producer to reduce his production expense yet without sacrificing efliciency in such production.
While the foregoing objects are paramount,
other and lesser objects will become manifest as the description proceeds taken in connection with the appended drawings wherein:
Figure l is a vertical cross-sectional elevational view of the uppermost portion of the invention projecting above the derrick floor.
Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional View of the invention illustrating the valve arrangement in the lowermost portion thereof and which projects into the well.
Figure 3 is a lateral cross-sectional view taken on lines 3-3 of Figure 3.
Figure 4 is a lateral cross-sectional View taken on lines 4- 5 of Figure 2, and
Figure 5 is a complete layout of the invention. l It will accordingly be presently shown that a .means of positive control from a point outside of the well is aiforded by which the fluid discharge annular eductor 26 and the air line 25 can be left free of fluid when the pumping period is completed, and whereby the said annular eductor 26 and the air line 25-can be kept in that condition until the fluid valve 35 in the foot piece is manually opened irrespective of whether compressed air or gas is introduced into the pump or not. The fluid discharge annular eductor being empty at the beginning of the pumping period, thereby allowing compressed or gas to pass freely down through the air line 25, and thence upward through the annular eductor 26 before the fluid valve is opened, obviates the necessity of excessive pressures in kicking off or starting the well to flowing, as is usual in air lift pumps.
One form of this invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The collar 24 is the top collar of the outside casing 28 of a well. A- fluid annular eductor 26 contains a compressed air tubing 30. A string of tubing is hung from a special collar i9, which is fluid and gas tight, with respect to a cross i8, due to its having a ground joint seat in the cross ill. The cross I8 is threaded into the collar 24. Two openings 22 and 23, one of which may be plugged, as for instance by a bull plug 20, and the other carrying a .vent line 2|, provides meansof discharge (when used in an oil well) should the well flow through the casing 28. Another cross'l3 is threaded into the cross I8, and is provided with two outlets I6 and I1, one or both of which can be used for discharge of the fluid and air and/ or gas, that vents through the annular eductor 26.
A device islillustrated in Figure 1 that will positively and efliciently raise or lower the air tubing 30 in the well. The tubing 30 acts as a stem for the fluid valve 34 in the lowermost end of the assembly as illustrated in Figure 2.. The air tubing'30'is supported by a collar 2 on the plate 3 which in turn is supported by a screw jack 1, which slips loosely around the tubing 3%..
A nut which is provided with square female threads mesh with the male threads on the screw jack 1. The nut 4 rests on a ball bearing race 5, which in turn sets in a recess on top of the support 6. The nut 4 is capstan headed having drilled holes into which a lever handle 9 can be inserted to rotate the nut 4, which raises or lowers the screw jack 7 and consequently raises or lowers the tubing 38 and the valve 34 in the same manner, since the tubing 30 is suspended from a collar on the screw jack 5. A guide it is keyed rigidly to the lower end of the screw jack 1. The outer extremities of the guide 10 have recesses which engage the splines 8, and which cause the screw jack 1 and the tubing 33. to move upwardly and downwardly without turning or twisting as the nut Q is rotated. A stufiing box ll prevents leakage of air or fluid around the tubing 35 when the same is raised or lowered.
The foot piece is threaded onto the tubing 29.
A valve seat 35 is turned in the foot piece and is closed or opened by lowering or raising the valve 33, which latter is blind and is threaded onto the bottom of the air tubing 38. The lower part of the tubing 38 is provided with perforations which are sufficient in area to allow the escape of compressed air or gas into the annular eductor 2S and still maintain the proper back. pressure within the tubing 30. The vertical guides 33 keep the valve 34 centered in the tubing Bfiand prevents chattering when the valve 34 is raised to allow the entrance of fluid into the annular eductor 26. A check or standing valve 39 may be'threaded into the collar 38 an arbitrary distance below the foot piece. A standing valve 39 may be used to prevent any possibility of compressed air or gas exerting any back pressure on the producing sands. Perforations M are placed in the tubing anchor 45 below the standing valve 39.
When it is desired to start the well pumping, compressed air or gas is forced downwardly through the tubing 39, which latter is practically empty of'oil or water, as is also the annular educ-.
inland circulate freely downwardly to the foot piece and then upwardly through the annular eductor 26. The valve 34 is then gradually opened by revolving the nut 4 on the screw jack 5 until a maximum amount of oil and/or water is passing upwardly through the tubing 40, the standing valve 39 and into the annular eductor 5: 3, for the particularamount of air or gas being used at that time, and is aerated or lightened by its coiningling with the compressed air or gas and so passes up through the annular eductorZS and is discharged from the well through one of two openings, E4 or E5, in the cross Hi to a container such as a tank or the ,like' not shown. The
amount of air entering and the amount of liquid being discharged can thus be regulated from points outside of the well to obtain maximum efficiency.
To cease the pumping operation, the valve 34 is lowered into its seat 35 by revolving the nut 4 on the screw jack 5, at the top of the well, while Should a small amount of oil or/and' the compressed air or gas is still circulating upwardly through the annular eductor 26, thereby cleaning the annular eductor 26 of oil and/or water. 7
Manifestly, the construction shown and herein described is capable of considerable modification by those skilled in the art, such modification, however, as is considered within the spirit and intent of the invention is also considered .within the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. In combination with a bored well casing and a string of tubing, an air tube, concentrically arranged within the said tubing, a valve seat air disposed within the said tube, a valve closure fixed upon the lowermost end of the said air tube and capable of engaging the said valve seat, air
outlets -for the said air tube, an exteriorly threaded sleeve member surrounding the upper end of the said air tube having a capstan threaded thereupon, guide means secured to the lowermost end of the said threaded sleeve member to prevent the rotation of the latter when the said capstan is rotated thereon to move'thesaid air tube vertically to actuate the said valve 2. A gas or air lift pump capable of operation in combination. with an oil well casing and string of tubing, an air tube concentrically arranged within the said tubing and capable of vertical movement therein, a'valve seat positioned within the said string of tubing and avalve closure fixed upon the lowermost end of the said air tube, air outlets for said air tubing, a cylindrical housing arranged upon the uppermost end-of the said casing, an exteriorly threaded tubular member 7 concentrically arranged within the said housing and surrounding the uppermost end of the said air tube, a capstan threaded upon the said tubular member, a bearing race seated upon the upper mostend of the said cylinder capable of supporting the said capstan, guide means restraining the said .threaded sleeve member against rotation when the said capstan is rotated thereon to vertically move valve.
I 3. In combination with a bored well casing, and 7 string of tubing, cross-heads arranged in super-. imposed relationship in the head of the said casing, a cylindrical housing vertically arranged upon the said cross-heads, auair tube concentrically arranged within the said cylindrical housing and extending downwardly through the said tubing capable of vertical adjustment therein, a valve seat positioned in the said tubing, a valve closure fixed at the lowermost end of the said air tube capable of engaging the said valve .seat,. air outlets arranged in thesaid air tube, anexteriorly threaded sleeve surrounding the said air tube within the said cylindrical housing freely engag ing the outer walls of the said air tube, an interiorly threaded capstan positioned upon the said sleeve and capable of vertically moving the same,
guide means secured to the said sleeve capable of the said air tube to actuate thesaid
US670288A 1933-05-10 1933-05-10 Air or gas lift pump Expired - Lifetime US2008114A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4223724A (en) * 1976-12-22 1980-09-23 Levoni Carlo F Device for cleaning, widening and repairing wells of drinking water and irrigation water
US20120308407A1 (en) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-06 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Dual injection airlift pump
US20130333874A1 (en) * 2012-04-16 2013-12-19 Leonard Alan Bollingham Through Tubing gas lift mandrel
US9267219B2 (en) 2010-05-06 2016-02-23 Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. Gas-lift pumps for flowing and purifying molten silicon

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4223724A (en) * 1976-12-22 1980-09-23 Levoni Carlo F Device for cleaning, widening and repairing wells of drinking water and irrigation water
US9267219B2 (en) 2010-05-06 2016-02-23 Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. Gas-lift pumps for flowing and purifying molten silicon
US20120308407A1 (en) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-06 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Dual injection airlift pump
US8596989B2 (en) * 2011-06-06 2013-12-03 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Dual injection airlift pump
US20130333874A1 (en) * 2012-04-16 2013-12-19 Leonard Alan Bollingham Through Tubing gas lift mandrel

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