US20080277088A1 - Casting Chamber - Google Patents
Casting Chamber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080277088A1 US20080277088A1 US11/884,429 US88442906A US2008277088A1 US 20080277088 A1 US20080277088 A1 US 20080277088A1 US 88442906 A US88442906 A US 88442906A US 2008277088 A1 US2008277088 A1 US 2008277088A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- casting chamber
- casting
- inner pipe
- fill opening
- insulation layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2023—Nozzles or shot sleeves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
Definitions
- the invention relates to a casting chamber for pressure diecasting metal materials in a pressure diecasting machine.
- a pressure diecasting machine exhibits at least one moving and one stationary molded part, which are divided along a separating plane, and a mold cavity enveloped by these molded parts.
- a metal to be cast is shot into this mold cavity via a mold casting channel using a plunger.
- a drive can be used to shift the plunger in the casting chamber along the longitudinal axis of the casting chamber, into which the metal to be cast can be introduced.
- Such a pressure diecasting machine is shown in CH-A-689 156, for example.
- the metal to be cast is introduced into the casting chamber through trough-shaped openings in the casting chamber, inclined to perpendicular relative to the longitudinal axis of the casting chamber.
- the cost of manufacturing such a highly loaded casting chamber is correspondingly high.
- the high load placed on the portion of the casting chamber containing the fill opening for the metal to be cast arises primarily from specific erosion as a function of metering type.
- the surface of the casting chamber opposite the fill opening is affected when metering from above, while primarily the transition area of the fill opening itself is affected when metering from below. This results in surface abrasion, plunger jamming and casting chamber replacement.
- two-part casting chambers have also been proposed to optimize material use and manufacturing cost, in particular with respect to the higher-loaded portion of the casting chamber containing the fill opening. This makes it possible to change out the portion of the casting chamber subject to earlier wear.
- the disadvantage to such a two-part design lies in the elevated assembly outlay and higher part number.
- Casting containers for die casting machines which have a channel having a transfer part, the transfer part being implemented as a bushing and being held replaceably in a receptacle of the casting container, may be inferred from the prior art (DE-C-4439871).
- EP-A-477119 Providing a sprue with a highly loadable, replaceable insert part (EP-A-477119) is also known in sand casting molds.
- EP-A-703027 describes similar measures.
- WO 2004/08735 A discloses a casting chamber, in which a ceramic layer is situated between two metal layers for thermal insulation. The ceramic layer extends over the entire length of the casting chamber.
- JP-A-02104459 a ceramic external layer being situated on a ceramic internal layer and a further cylinder being located between the two layers.
- ceramic segments are situated in the area of the filling opening and the outlet opening to the mold in a metallic mantle body of the casting chamber, whose internal diameter corresponds to the internal diameter of the mantle body.
- the present invention is based on the object of implementing a casting chamber according to the species in such a way that better thermal insulation of the casting chamber is achieved than in the prior art.
- the present invention is based on the finding that a thermally-optimized casting chamber is achievable by passive measures.
- the casting chamber comprises an internal tube, to whose external lateral surface an insulation layer is applied.
- the coated internal tube is enclosed by a steel mantle.
- the internal tube which preferably has a wall thickness of only a few millimeters, comprises a wear-resistant and heat-resistant steel, and the external mantle comprises a less costly tempering steel.
- the inner pipe is preferably coated with a thin ceramic layer, e.g., consisting of Zr O2, and is preferably shrunk into the steel jacket.
- the coating is applied via thermal spraying, e.g., plasma spraying.
- a ceramic wear protection device intended to prevent an “erosion” of the inner wall of the inner pipe.
- the wear protection device can be designed like a plate or disk, for example, and abuts flush against the surface of the inner pipe.
- the plunger In order to be able to enjoy the thermal advantages to a heated casting chamber, e.g., less pres-hardening in the casting chamber, and the resultant higher component quality and lower reject percentage, the plunger must be operated at a high temperature in the casting chamber.
- the temperature must be set in such a way that a sufficiently thick ring from the melt hardens (sealing), while still ensuring as little pre-solidification in the casting chamber. This requires that the temperature of the plunger be set as precisely as possible at a high cooling output or intensive surface contact between the cooling medium and plunger.
- the piston is cooled from inside, with a water mist being preferred, using the evaporation enthalpy of the drops for cooling purposes.
- a temperature of under 400° C. is preferable, so that the piston is held to a temperature of under 400° C.
- the temperature of the plunger preferably ranges form approx. 150° C. to under 400° C.
- a heater can conceivably also be provided in place of the insulation layer.
- the invention will be described in greater detail below in an exemplary embodiment based on a drawing.
- the drawing shows a sectional view of a casting chamber (diagrammatic).
- a stationary mold carrier with mold half secured thereto is provided in a known manner on a pressure diecasting machine (not shown). Situated on these portions is a casting chamber 1, into which a piston can be inserted in a known manner along the direction of the casting chamber using a driver and controller familiar to the expert but not shown. The metal to be cast gets into the casting chamber 1 through a fill opening 2.
- the casting chamber 1 consists of three layers.
- the inner layer forms an inner pipe 3 with a wall thickness of a few millimeters, e.g., 5 mm, made of a high-strength steel, the outer jacket surface of which is covered by a thin, thermal insulation layer 4, e.g., made of ZrO2.
- the insulation layer 4 is applied via plasma spraying.
- a ceramic wear protection ring 6 is inserted into the inner pipe 3 in the area of the fill opening 2 on its opposing side.
- the coated inner pipe 3 is shrunk into a cylindrical, outer steel jacket 5 made of tempered steel.
- the temperature in the casting chamber 1 is set to a value of between 400° C. and 700° C., depending on the material to be cast.
- a gasser is used to route overheated water vapor inside the plunger under pressure, wherein the temperature of the plunger is set to between 150° C. and 400° C., also depending on the material.
- the plunger consists of steel combined with copper and/or titanium alloys.
Abstract
A casting chamber (1) of a die casting machine, includes an inlet (2) and a casting plunger which is arranged so as to be movable along the longitudinal axis of the casting chamber (1). The casting chamber (1) is composed of an inner tube (3) which is coated with a thermally insulating layer and is shrunk into a steel jacket (5).
Description
- The invention relates to a casting chamber for pressure diecasting metal materials in a pressure diecasting machine.
- A pressure diecasting machine exhibits at least one moving and one stationary molded part, which are divided along a separating plane, and a mold cavity enveloped by these molded parts. A metal to be cast is shot into this mold cavity via a mold casting channel using a plunger. A drive can be used to shift the plunger in the casting chamber along the longitudinal axis of the casting chamber, into which the metal to be cast can be introduced. Such a pressure diecasting machine is shown in CH-A-689 156, for example.
- The metal to be cast is introduced into the casting chamber through trough-shaped openings in the casting chamber, inclined to perpendicular relative to the longitudinal axis of the casting chamber. The cost of manufacturing such a highly loaded casting chamber is correspondingly high. The high load placed on the portion of the casting chamber containing the fill opening for the metal to be cast arises primarily from specific erosion as a function of metering type. The surface of the casting chamber opposite the fill opening is affected when metering from above, while primarily the transition area of the fill opening itself is affected when metering from below. This results in surface abrasion, plunger jamming and casting chamber replacement.
- In addition to one-piece casting chambers, two-part casting chambers have also been proposed to optimize material use and manufacturing cost, in particular with respect to the higher-loaded portion of the casting chamber containing the fill opening. This makes it possible to change out the portion of the casting chamber subject to earlier wear. The disadvantage to such a two-part design lies in the elevated assembly outlay and higher part number.
- Casting containers for die casting machines, which have a channel having a transfer part, the transfer part being implemented as a bushing and being held replaceably in a receptacle of the casting container, may be inferred from the prior art (DE-C-4439871).
- Providing a sprue with a highly loadable, replaceable insert part (EP-A-477119) is also known in sand casting molds. EP-A-703027 describes similar measures.
- Furthermore, providing casting chambers or conveyor belts with thick, thermal insulation layers, both in sandwich embodiments and also as an external envelope, the insulation being attached as continuously as possible, is known. Filling openings form complex interruptions in this case.
- Thus, WO 2004/08735 A discloses a casting chamber, in which a ceramic layer is situated between two metal layers for thermal insulation. The ceramic layer extends over the entire length of the casting chamber.
- A similar embodiment is described in JP-A-02104459, a ceramic external layer being situated on a ceramic internal layer and a further cylinder being located between the two layers.
- In a casting chamber according to EP-A-1,405,685, ceramic segments are situated in the area of the filling opening and the outlet opening to the mold in a metallic mantle body of the casting chamber, whose internal diameter corresponds to the internal diameter of the mantle body.
- The present invention is based on the object of implementing a casting chamber according to the species in such a way that better thermal insulation of the casting chamber is achieved than in the prior art.
- The Object is achieved by the characterizing features of the patent claim.
- The present invention is based on the finding that a thermally-optimized casting chamber is achievable by passive measures. The casting chamber comprises an internal tube, to whose external lateral surface an insulation layer is applied. The coated internal tube is enclosed by a steel mantle.
- Especially advantageous embodiments are achieved by the features of the subordinate claims.
- Thus, only the internal tube, which preferably has a wall thickness of only a few millimeters, comprises a wear-resistant and heat-resistant steel, and the external mantle comprises a less costly tempering steel.
- The inner pipe is preferably coated with a thin ceramic layer, e.g., consisting of Zr O2, and is preferably shrunk into the steel jacket. The coating is applied via thermal spraying, e.g., plasma spraying.
- Provided under the fill opening for the metal melt to be cast in the inner pipe is a ceramic wear protection device intended to prevent an “erosion” of the inner wall of the inner pipe. The wear protection device can be designed like a plate or disk, for example, and abuts flush against the surface of the inner pipe.
- In order to be able to enjoy the thermal advantages to a heated casting chamber, e.g., less pres-hardening in the casting chamber, and the resultant higher component quality and lower reject percentage, the plunger must be operated at a high temperature in the casting chamber. The temperature must be set in such a way that a sufficiently thick ring from the melt hardens (sealing), while still ensuring as little pre-solidification in the casting chamber. This requires that the temperature of the plunger be set as precisely as possible at a high cooling output or intensive surface contact between the cooling medium and plunger.
- According to the invention, the piston is cooled from inside, with a water mist being preferred, using the evaporation enthalpy of the drops for cooling purposes. A temperature of under 400° C. is preferable, so that the piston is held to a temperature of under 400° C. The temperature of the plunger preferably ranges form approx. 150° C. to under 400° C.
- As an alternative, a heater can conceivably also be provided in place of the insulation layer.
- The invention will be described in greater detail below in an exemplary embodiment based on a drawing. The drawing shows a sectional view of a casting chamber (diagrammatic).
- A stationary mold carrier with mold half secured thereto is provided in a known manner on a pressure diecasting machine (not shown). Situated on these portions is a
casting chamber 1, into which a piston can be inserted in a known manner along the direction of the casting chamber using a driver and controller familiar to the expert but not shown. The metal to be cast gets into thecasting chamber 1 through a fill opening 2. - The
casting chamber 1 consists of three layers. The inner layer forms aninner pipe 3 with a wall thickness of a few millimeters, e.g., 5 mm, made of a high-strength steel, the outer jacket surface of which is covered by a thin, thermal insulation layer 4, e.g., made of ZrO2. The insulation layer 4 is applied via plasma spraying. A ceramicwear protection ring 6 is inserted into theinner pipe 3 in the area of the fill opening 2 on its opposing side. - The coated
inner pipe 3 is shrunk into a cylindrical,outer steel jacket 5 made of tempered steel. - The temperature in the
casting chamber 1 is set to a value of between 400° C. and 700° C., depending on the material to be cast. - A gasser is used to route overheated water vapor inside the plunger under pressure, wherein the temperature of the plunger is set to between 150° C. and 400° C., also depending on the material. The plunger consists of steel combined with copper and/or titanium alloys.
-
- 1 Casting chamber
- 2 Fill opening
- 3 Inner pipe
- 4 Insulation layer
- 5 Steel jacket
- 6 Wear protection ring
Claims (7)
1. A casting chamber of a die casting machine, comprising a fill opening for metal to be cast and a plunger situated to be displaceable using a driver and controller along a longitudinal axis of the casting chamber, wherein the casting chamber has an inner pipe made of steel, wherein a thermal insulation layer is applied on an external surface of the inner pipe, the thermal insulation layer extending from a face of the casting chamber to a casting mold and the fill opening for molten metal, wherein the inner pipe is enclosed by a steel jacket.
2. The casting chamber according to claim 1 , wherein the inner pipe and the steel jacket comprise different metallic materials.
3. The casting chamber according to claim 1 wherein the insulation layer is a ceramic material.
4. The casting chamber according to claim 3 , wherein a wear protection element is introduced into the inner pipe opposite to the fill opening.
5. A method for producing a casting chamber according to claim 1 , comprising the following method steps:
coating the external surface of the inner pipe made of steel with a thermal insulation layer that extends from a face of the casting chamber to the casting mold and the fill opening for molten metal, and
subsequent shrinking of the coated inner pipe in the steel jacket.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein before the coating of the inner pipe, a wear protection element is arranged in a side of the inner pipe opposite the fill opening.
7. The casting member according to claim 3 , wherein the ceramic material comprises ZrO2.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005009669A DE102005009669A1 (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2005-02-28 | Casting chamber, especially for a pressure casting machine with a charging opening for the metal and a casting piston, used in pressure casting of metals, has heat insulating layer on surface of its outer envelope |
DE102005009669.7 | 2005-02-28 | ||
PCT/CH2006/000104 WO2006089442A1 (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2006-02-17 | Casting chamber |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080277088A1 true US20080277088A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
Family
ID=36283672
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/884,429 Abandoned US20080277088A1 (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2006-02-17 | Casting Chamber |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080277088A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1853398A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008531290A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005009669A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006089442A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130025816A1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-31 | Bochiechio Mario P | Die casting system and method |
US9233417B2 (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2016-01-12 | Oskar Frech Gmbh + Co. Kg | Casting unit for a diecasting machine |
RU2618957C1 (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-05-11 | Кожокин Тимофей Иванович | Pressing chamber of horizontal casting machine under pressure (hcmup) |
CN108698120A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2018-10-23 | 日立金属株式会社 | Die casting sleeve and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010041592A1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-03-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus, useful for filling a liquid melt into a casting chamber of a die casting machine, comprises a wall having inner surface, whose edge region forms circumferential, closed contour of outlet opening, and outlet opening |
EP2620238A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2013-07-31 | Bühler AG | Casting chamber for a die-casting machine |
JP5763567B2 (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2015-08-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Die casting sleeve |
DE102017011321B3 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-05-16 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Filling chamber for a die casting machine |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5184665A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1993-02-09 | Pont-A-Mousson S.A. | Interconnecting device for casting molded parts |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6366555A (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1988-03-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method for processing silver halide color photographic sensitive material |
JPH0688120B2 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1994-11-09 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Molten metal injection molding sleeve |
JP3126471B2 (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 2001-01-22 | 東京窯業株式会社 | Sleeve for die casting machine |
JPH07214279A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1995-08-15 | Ryobi Ltd | Horizontal type sleeve for die casting machine |
DE20214882U1 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2002-12-19 | Ortmann Druckgiestechnik Gmbh | Casting chamber for the pressure casting of metals |
US20060213634A1 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2006-09-28 | Takahiro Kaba | Heat insulation plunger sleeve for die casting machine |
-
2005
- 2005-02-28 DE DE102005009669A patent/DE102005009669A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-02-17 WO PCT/CH2006/000104 patent/WO2006089442A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-02-17 EP EP06705344A patent/EP1853398A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-02-17 JP JP2007557305A patent/JP2008531290A/en active Pending
- 2006-02-17 US US11/884,429 patent/US20080277088A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5184665A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1993-02-09 | Pont-A-Mousson S.A. | Interconnecting device for casting molded parts |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9233417B2 (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2016-01-12 | Oskar Frech Gmbh + Co. Kg | Casting unit for a diecasting machine |
US20130025816A1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-31 | Bochiechio Mario P | Die casting system and method |
RU2618957C1 (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-05-11 | Кожокин Тимофей Иванович | Pressing chamber of horizontal casting machine under pressure (hcmup) |
CN108698120A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2018-10-23 | 日立金属株式会社 | Die casting sleeve and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1853398A1 (en) | 2007-11-14 |
JP2008531290A (en) | 2008-08-14 |
DE102005009669A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
WO2006089442A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20080277088A1 (en) | Casting Chamber | |
EP1415740B1 (en) | Device for melting and casting materials | |
US3664411A (en) | Die-casting apparatus with ceramic shot duct liner | |
US20050161187A1 (en) | Cast-iron insert and method of manufacturing same | |
US20070187061A1 (en) | Sleeve for die casting shot tube | |
US5263530A (en) | Method of making a composite casting | |
MX2007000764A (en) | Stopper rod for delivering gas into a molten metal. | |
EP1153678B1 (en) | Method of casting and casting machine | |
KR102152765B1 (en) | Die Casting Nozzle System | |
CA2452249C (en) | Method for envelopment casting | |
EP1145787B1 (en) | Deoxidation casting, aluminium casting and casting machine | |
JP3367915B2 (en) | Metal injection molding method | |
EP1240960B1 (en) | Method of deoxidation casting and deoxidation casting machine | |
EP2230034A1 (en) | Continuous casting device and molten metal pouring nozzle | |
JPH0671406A (en) | Injection sleeve for die casting and method for casting aluminum or aluminum alloy member | |
US11285531B1 (en) | Shot sleeve for die casting apparatus, and die casting apparatus incorporating same | |
CN104039479B (en) | Immersion nozzle for continuous casting and manufacture method thereof and use the continuous casing of this immersion nozzle for continuous casting | |
CN112739477B (en) | Casting mould for casting parts and method for producing same | |
EP1348504B1 (en) | Billet, horizontal continuous casting process, and thixocasting process | |
KR20080021674A (en) | A load management device for a feed body of a molding machine | |
JPS5917484Y2 (en) | Casting tools in mold casting machines | |
JPS63256541A (en) | Mold for glass molding and method for molding glass product used therewith | |
RU2016696C1 (en) | Metal mould | |
US20100065718A1 (en) | Hans streubel and gereon fehlemann | |
JP2000061604A (en) | Plunger sleeve for die casting machine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BUHLER DRUCKGUSS AG, SWITZERLAND Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FRITSCHE, BERNHARD;WATZINGER, BERND;REEL/FRAME:021025/0702;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070824 TO 20071004 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |