US20080161163A1 - Supplemental resistance assembly for resisting motion of an exercise device - Google Patents
Supplemental resistance assembly for resisting motion of an exercise device Download PDFInfo
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- US20080161163A1 US20080161163A1 US11/646,883 US64688306A US2008161163A1 US 20080161163 A1 US20080161163 A1 US 20080161163A1 US 64688306 A US64688306 A US 64688306A US 2008161163 A1 US2008161163 A1 US 2008161163A1
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- resistance
- horizontal
- resistance system
- exercise apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
- A63B21/0051—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using eddy currents induced in moved elements, e.g. by permanent magnets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
- A63B22/0002—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements involving an exercising of arms
- A63B22/001—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements involving an exercising of arms by simultaneously exercising arms and legs, e.g. diagonally in anti-phase
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
- A63B22/0015—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with an adjustable movement path of the support elements
- A63B22/0017—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with an adjustable movement path of the support elements the adjustment being controlled by movement of the user
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
- A63B22/06—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement
- A63B22/0664—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing an elliptic movement
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
- A63B22/0025—Particular aspects relating to the orientation of movement paths of the limbs relative to the body; Relative relationship between the movements of the limbs
- A63B2022/0038—One foot moving independently from the other, i.e. there is no link between the movements of the feet
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
- A63B22/0025—Particular aspects relating to the orientation of movement paths of the limbs relative to the body; Relative relationship between the movements of the limbs
- A63B2022/0041—Particular aspects relating to the orientation of movement paths of the limbs relative to the body; Relative relationship between the movements of the limbs one hand moving independently from the other hand, i.e. there is no link between the movements of the hands
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
- A63B22/06—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement
- A63B22/0664—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing an elliptic movement
- A63B2022/0676—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing an elliptic movement with crank and handles being on the same side of the exercising apparatus with respect to the frontal body-plane of the user, e.g. crank and handles are in front of the user
- A63B2022/0682—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing an elliptic movement with crank and handles being on the same side of the exercising apparatus with respect to the frontal body-plane of the user, e.g. crank and handles are in front of the user with support elements being cantilevered, i.e. the elements being supported only on one side without bearing on tracks on the floor below the user
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
- A63B71/0054—Features for injury prevention on an apparatus, e.g. shock absorbers
- A63B2071/0063—Shock absorbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
- A63B21/0053—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using alternators or dynamos
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/008—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/22—Resisting devices with rotary bodies
- A63B21/225—Resisting devices with rotary bodies with flywheels
Definitions
- FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the exercise device of FIG. 1 with a shroud removed.
- FIG. 5 is a graph of the non-linear profile of the stop point of the exercise device of FIG. 1 .
Abstract
An exercise apparatus for a user. The exercise apparatus includes a frame, a crank system coupled to the frame, a pivotal linkage pendulum system, a foot member and first and second directional resistance systems. The crank system includes one or more crank members. The pivotal linkage pendulum system comprises at least a first link member. The first link member is coupled to the crank system through at least a first pivot point. The first pivot point of the first link member is configured to move in a path during use. The foot member is coupled to the at least one first link member. The first and second directional resistance systems are each coupled to the crank system. The first direction is different from the second direction.
Description
- This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ titled “End of Travel Stops for An Exercise Device” filed concurrently herewith and assigned to the same assignee as the present application.
- The present invention relates to exercise equipment.
- The benefits of regular aerobic exercise have been well established and accepted. However, due to time constraints, inclement weather, and other reasons, many people are prevented from aerobic activities such as walking, jogging, running, and swimming. As a result, a variety of exercise equipment has been developed for aerobic activity.
- From their humble beginnings as free weights and bicycles mounted on wooden platforms, exercise equipment such as stationary bicycles, treadmills, elliptical fitness trainers, stair climbers, and the like have grown increasingly sophisticated. However, the very advantage of the exercise equipment referenced above—the ability to use such equipment conveniently, in a relatively confined space, and in inclement weather—results in exercise devices that can be relatively monotonous to use. It is well known that the more stimulating and enjoyable the experience of exercising is to a user, the longer and more frequently that user will exercise. Unfortunately, many users find spending long hours doing repetitive forms of stationary exercise hard work and boring, sometimes so much so that the exercise equipment is abandoned in favor of more entertaining activity.
- One type of exercise machine addresses the repetition of movement of the user by enabling the user to exercise without requiring a predetermined motion thereby gaining the desirable result of increasing mobility and freedom of movement, while minimizing boredom. Examples of such user defined motion fitness equipment can include pendulum motion-type exercise apparatus. Such user defined motion fitness equipment allow the user to control the foot path rather than the machine guiding the foot such as current elliptical machines, stepping machines and stationary cycles. One benefit user defined motion fitness equipment is that the user is able to control the stride length and overall foot motion to fit their needs, such as to replicate running, walking, or stepping. Another benefit is that the user can change between such motions whenever desired using a single exercise device.
- However, existing user defined motion fitness equipment, such as pendulum motion-type exercise apparatus, have drawbacks. Existing user defined motion fitness equipment typically include only a single resistance system that is configured to inhibit or resist motion of the exercise device foot pads in a single direction, typically a generally vertical direction. The freedom of motion in the fore and aft direction that provides the horizontal motion of the foot of the user is typically un-resisted.
- It has been found that having un-resisted free travel in the fore and aft directions of such user defined motion fitness equipment provides too much freedom for a user. The result of this excessive freedom is a foot path that can be unpredictable as well as often uncontrollable by the user. For example, a user could be attempting to execute a climbing or stepping motion only to have the foot path change involuntarily to a backward kidney bean shaped motion. Such unintended motion can frustrate the user, and even increase the risk of injury.
- Accordingly, a continuing need exists for an exercise device that provides a user with a variety of smooth natural available exercise paths or foot motions, exercises a relatively large number of muscles through a large range of motion, and provides such foot motions in a safe and stable manner. There is also a need for an exercise device that enables the user to exercise muscles in a smooth natural manner over a large range of motion, without applying undesirable impact loads to the user's joints. It would be desirable for such an exercise device to be configured for convenient use in a relatively confined space even in inclement weather. Further, a continuing need also exists for an exercise device that provides a variety of user defined unique engaging motions and is tun to use. It would be desirable for such an exercise device to provide available resistance in more than one general direction, such as resisted free travel in the fore and aft directions, without detracting from the unique engaging motion.
- The present invention provides an exercise apparatus for a user. The exercise apparatus includes a frame, a crank system coupled to the frame, a pivotal linkage pendulum system, a foot member and first and second directional resistance systems. The crank system includes one or more crank members. The pivotal linkage pendulum system comprises at least a first link member. The first link member is coupled to the crank system through at least a first pivot point. The first pivot point of the first link member is configured to move in a path during use. The foot member is coupled to the at least one first link member. The first and second directional resistance systems are each coupled to the crank system. The first direction is different from the second direction.
- According to a principal aspect of a preferred form of the invention, a resistance system for an exercise apparatus that has both a horizontal and a vertical motion component. The resistance system includes a foot member, a vertical resistance system and a horizontal resistance system. The vertical and horizontal resistance systems are each coupled to the foot member. The horizontal resistance system provides resistance to the foot member that varies from 0.5 pounds of force at zero generally horizontal velocity to a maximum resistance at full generally horizontal velocity.
- According to a principal aspect of a preferred form of the invention, a resistance system for an exercise apparatus that has both a horizontal and a vertical motion component. The resistance system includes a foot member, a variable vertical resistance system and a variable horizontal resistance system. The vertical and horizontal resistance systems are each coupled to the foot member. The horizontal resistance system provides a resistance within the range of about 0.5 pounds to about 15.0 pounds in the fore and aft direction.
- According to a principal aspect of a preferred form of the invention, a resistance system for an exercise apparatus that has both a horizontal and a vertical motion component. The resistance system includes a foot member, a vertical resistance system and a horizontal resistance system. The vertical and horizontal resistance systems are each coupled to the foot member. The horizontal resistance system provides constant resistance within the range of about 0.5 pounds to about 15.0 pounds.
- An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention provides for smooth natural action, exercises a relatively large number of muscles through a large range of motion, and provides for safety and stability. An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention enables the user to exercise muscles in a smooth natural manner over a large range of motion, without applying undesirable impact loads to the user's joints. An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention is configured for convenient use in a relatively confined space even in inclement weather. An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention provides a unique engaging motion and is fun to use. An exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention provides resisted free travel in the fore and aft directions of user defined motion fitness equipment without detracting from the unique engaging motion.
- This invention will become more fully understood from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings described herein below, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts.
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FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an exercise device in accordance with the principles of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the exercise device ofFIG. 1 with a shroud removed. -
FIG. 3 is a detailed front perspective view of a portion of the exercise device ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4 is a rear perspective view of the exercise device ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 5 is a graph of the non-linear profile of the stop point of the exercise device ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 6 is a detailed rear elevated view of a portion of the exercise device ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 7 is a detailed rear perspective view of another portion of the exercise device ofFIG. 1 . - While an exemplary embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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FIGS. 1-7 illustrates an example embodiment of an exercise or fitness device suitable for use with the present invention. While the example embodiment described herein is a pendulum motion-type exercise device, the principles of the present invention apply to other fitness devices, particularly those in which the user is relatively mobile. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , a perspective view of an embodiment of a pendulum motion-type exercise device 10 is seen. Aframe 12 is provided that can include a basic supporting framework. Theframe 12 can be any structure that provides support for one or more components of theexercise device 10. A pair offootpads 14 is provided on which the user stands. In one embodiment, a rear support base orplatform 31 can be provided connected to theframe 12 that provides further support to theexercise device 10 and acts as a step-up to thefootpads 14. - Left and right pivoting
linkage pendulum systems 15 are provided. The discussion below will focus on the right pivotinglinkage pendulum system 15. However, the description is applicable to the left pivotinglinkage pendulum system 15 as well. In one embodiment, thelinkage pendulum system 15 includes a lower and upper generallyhorizontal links rear link member 18, a forward generallyvertical link 27, and a pivot shaft 25 (or a spindle). Although the lower and upper generallyhorizontal links vertical link 27 incorporate the terms horizontal and vertical, these terms are intended to refer to the general orientation of these links at an at rest position and their position may vary by as much as 25 degrees from horizontal or vertical. The lower and upperhorizontal links vertical link 27 will not always lie in a horizontal plane or a vertical plane, respectively. Rather, their positions will remain at or near the respective horizontal or vertical planes during use or while in a rest position. - The
footpad 14 is coupled to a rear portion of the lowerhorizontal link 21. The lowerhorizontal link 21 serves as a footlink linking thefootpad 14 to the remaining portions of thependulum system 15. The lowerhorizontal link 21 swings or oscillates, but remains generally at or near horizontal, during use. Thehorizontal link 21 is coupled near its rear end to a lower end of therear link member 18 and is pivotally coupled at its forward end to the lower end of the forwardvertical link 27. Therear link member 18 upwardly extends from its pivotal coupling with the lowerhorizontal link 21 in a generally vertical direction. The coupling of therear link member 18 and the lowerhorizontal link 21 can occur adjacent a forward portion of thefootpad 14. The upper end of therear link member 18 is pivotally coupled to a rear portion of the upperhorizontal link 23. The upperhorizontal link 23 extends generally horizontally and maintains a position that is generally parallel with the lowerhorizontal link 21 during use. A central region of the upperhorizontal member 23 is pivotally coupled to thepivot shaft 25, and a forward end of the upperhorizontal member 23 is pivotally coupled to an upper end of avertical resistance link 30. Thepivot shaft 25 is directly coupled to theframe 12. The pivotal coupling of the central region of the upperhorizontal member 23 to thepivot shaft 25 enables the rear portion of the upper horizontal member 23 (a cantilevered end region of the upper horizontal member 23) to be raised upward or downward during use thereby allowing for more pronounced available vertical motion to theexercise device 10 during use. The forwardvertical link 27 extends upward, generally vertically, from its coupling at its lower end to the forward end of the lowerhorizontal link 21. The forwardvertical link 27 is pivotally coupled to theframe 12 at thepivot shaft 25. The forwardvertical link 27 and the upperhorizontal link 23 are configured to independently pivot about thepivot shaft 25. Thus, therear link member 18, the lower and upperhorizontal links vertical link 27, and thepivot shaft 25 comprise the pivotallinkage pendulum system 15. - Additionally, the resistance systems of the present Application are referred to in terms of vertical and horizontal resistance systems. The terms vertical and horizontal, in context of the resistance systems, are used in association with an embodiment of the invention, and the invention is not limited to resistance systems that are directed to vertical and horizontal movements only. Rather, the present Application relates to first and second resistance systems, or primary and supplemental resistance systems. The orientation or application of the first and second resistance systems is not limited to vertical and horizontal application only. The present invention involves the application of a second or supplemental resistance system to improve the operation of an exercise device and is not limited to a specific orientation for the second or supplemental resistance application.
- A
swing arm 29 can be provided by extending the forwardvertical link 27 above the pivot shaft 25 a predetermined amount. The length and configuration of theswing arm 29 can be varied to match a desired motion and/or feel during use. Anaesthetic shroud 33 can partially cover theexercise device 10. - In use, the pivotal
linkage pendulum system 15 and the remaining components of the exercise device, enable the user to increase or decrease the stride length or stride of the exercise device as desired. As the user increases his or her stride length or tries to increase his or her cadence, the potential for the foot of the user to disengage, slide or slip from, thefootpad 14 increases. Thus, in one embodiment thefootpads 14 can be provided with a foot securement member. The foot securement member can be atoe clip 16, a strap or other foot coupling apparatus. Toe clips will be discussed in more detail; however, the discussion is also applicable to other forms of foot securement members. The toe clips 16 can be fixedly or removably connected to thefoot pads 14. In another embodiment, thetoe clip 16 can be integrally formed with thefoot pad 14. The toe clips 16 enable a user to easily and removably secure his or her foot on thefootpad 14 while inhibiting forward movement or forward slippage of the user's foot during use. Accordingly, the toe clips 16 not only properly secure the user's feet with theexercise device 10, but the toe clips 16 also enable the user to readily impart a forward force onto thefootpad 14 with thetoe clip 16. In some configurations, the toe clips 14 can also enable the user to readily impart an upward force onto thetoe clip 16 andfoot pad 14 assembly. The user therefore can drive his or her foot forward and even upward without experiencing foot slippage. Additionally, by enabling the user to utilize these additional movements, additional large muscle group involvement as well as the smaller stabilizer muscle groups are engaged throughout the exercise resulting in higher aerobic training effect. A still further benefit of the use of the toe clips is that more muscles can be exercised throughout the full range of motion rather than just during flexion or just during extension. -
FIG. 2 shows the pendulum motion-type exercise device 10 with theshroud 33 removed. The upper end of thevertical resistance link 30 is pivotally coupled to and extends generally vertically and downward from the forward end of the upperhorizontal link 23. At an end opposite the upperhorizontal link 23, thevertical resistance link 30 is connected to a generallyvertical resistance system 17. - The
vertical resistance system 17 can comprise acrank member 32 having a first end that is pivotally coupled to a lower end of thevertical resistance link 30. A second end of thecrank member 32 is coupled to ashaft 35. During use, the back and forth motion of the lowerhorizontal link 21, therear link member 18, and the forwardvertical link 27 typically includes at least some vertical component that causes the upperhorizontal link 23 to pivot about its pivotal coupling to thepivot shaft 25. This pivotal movement causes the forward end of the upperhorizontal link 23 to oscillate upward and downward. Further, when the user imparts a downward force onto thefoot pad 14, or an upward force onto thetoe clip 16, these forces also cause the upperhorizontal member 23 to pivot or oscillate about its pivotal coupling to thepivot shaft 25. This pivotal motion also contributes to the upward and downward oscillating motion of the forward end of the upperhorizontal member 23. Theshaft 35 and thepivot shaft 25 each connect the left and right pivotinglinkage pendulum systems 15, and theshaft 35 connects the left and right crankmembers 32 causes the left and right upperhorizontal links 23 to move in opposition to each other (i.e., the right movable member moves downwards as the left movable member moves upwards, and vice versa). Thecrank member 32 is connected to apulley system 34, which includes an electronically controlled generator mounted to theframe 12. Thepulley system 34 can be preferably operatively connected to a step-up pulley, a flywheel, and a generator system for applying a braking or retarding force, as known in the art. Alternatively, braking or retarding forces can be applied using other mechanisms, such as for example an eddy current system, an alternator, friction brakes, fluid resistance, etc. Thus, a vertical resistance is applied to the upperhorizontal link 23 by means of thecrank member 32 and thevertical resistance system 17. - The back and forth (fore and aft) path of motion of the
exercise device 10 also has a horizontal component, which has not been addressed in the prior art. Thus, an advantage of the exercise device of the present invention is that it provides for horizontal resistance (a second or supplemental resistance). In particular, the present invention provides a horizontal resistance system 19 (a second or supplemental resistance system). Referring toFIG. 3 , a close-up of thepivot shaft 25, the upperhorizontal link 23, and thevertical resistance link 30 of theexercise device 10 is seen. Asupplemental resistance link 41 is provided pivotally coupled to thepivot shaft 25 by arocker link 60 which outwardly extends from thepivot shaft 25. Therocker link 60 pivots in coordination with the pivoting movement of the forwardvertical link 27 about thepivot shaft 25. At an end of thesupplemental resistance link 41 opposite thepivot shaft 25, thesupplemental resistance link 41 is connected to thehorizontal resistance system 19. - The
horizontal resistance system 19 can comprise ahorizontal resistance pulley 43. Thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 is pivotally coupled to thesupplemental resistance link 41 opposite thepivot shaft 25. Thesupplemental resistance link 41 is pivotally connected to thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 near the outer periphery of thehorizontal resistance pulley 43; thus thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 acts as a crank member pivotally connecting thesupplemental resistance link 41 and thehorizontal resistance system 19. - Referring to
FIGS. 4 and 6 , thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 also acts to provided resistance to the horizontal resistance system. Thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 is connected to a step-uppulley 45 and aflywheel 47 via abelt 50. Tension on thebelt 50 can be maintained via anidler gear 52. In one embodiment, theflywheel 47 can be a rotating metallic flywheel and resistance can be provided by an eddy current brake 49 (seen inFIGS. 6 and 7 ). Thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 does not fully rotate; instead, thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 rotates through an arch which is determined by the length of the stride of the user. Thus, if the user takes a short stride length, the total rotation of the arch of thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 is relatively minimal; if the user takes a long stride length, the total rotation of the arch is relatively significant. By subjecting the rotatinghorizontal resistance pulley 43 to a means of resistance, the user is subjected to horizontal resistance in the fore and aft motions. In addition, the right and leftfootpads 14 are synchronized about 180 degrees out of phase by thehorizontal resistance pulley 43, the supplemental resistance links 41 and thepivot shaft 25. This synchronization results allow for foot motion that simulates climbing, walking, jogging or running to be achieved. In an alternative embodiment, the right and leftfootpads 14 can be synchronized by a rocker link or other forms of couplings. In other embodiments, the right and left footpads and the right and left linkage pendulum systems can operate independent of each other or in a non-synchronous manner. In an alternative embodiment, a linear type resistance system can be used in place of the horizontal resistance pulley and related components. The link between the left and right footpads and the left and right linkage pendulum systems can also be accomplished with compliance between the left and right providing a loose or flexible coupling between left and right motions. Also, the movement of the left and right linkage pendulum systems can be configured in a phased operating arrangement. - The
horizontal resistance system 19 of the present invention preferably provides adequate resistance to assist in stable foot motion, but not so much resistance as to make the fore and aft motion unnatural. Excessive resistance in the fore and/or aft directions can cause the foot path to distort in a vertical direction creating an unnatural foot path. In other instances, increased resistance in a fore and/or aft direction can make operation of the exercise device unsustainable for some users. In one embodiment, the level of resistance at the foot pad or the foot of the user in the fore and aft direction is within the range of about 0.5 pounds of force to about 15 pounds of force. The level of resistance can be variable within this range or constant value within this range. The variable resistance can be user adjustable, programmed, time-dependent, or vary based upon other parameters. In another alternative embodiment, the level of resistance at the foot pad or the foot of the user in the fore and aft direction is within the range of about 2.0 pounds of force to about 10.0 pounds of force. The variable resistance can be configured to vary based upon the velocity of the fore and aft motion of the foot pads or the linkage pendulum systems, or the variable resistance can vary based upon user selection, user programs or time or other parameters. The variation in resistance can be obtained by effectively starting and stopping the rotatingmetallic flywheel 47 of theeddy current brake 49 for fore to aft or aft to fore motions. Themetal flywheel 47 is exposed to a magnetic field produced by permanent or electromagnets, generating eddy currents in the wheels. The magnetic interaction between the applied field and the eddy currents acts to slow themetal flywheel 47. The faster themetal flywheel 47 spins, the stronger the effect, meaning the effective horizontal resistance changes for zero force (at zero rotational velocity) to a maximum force at full rotational velocity. A variable resistance can be obtained through linear dampers (magnetic particle shock absorbers), pneumatic or hydraulic shock absorbers, or other non-constant resistance assemblies. Variability of resistance can also be provided by the start and stop of an inertial mass such as a larger flywheel without the need for additional resistance. A constant resistance can be obtained by utilizing a rotating constant torque brake (magnetic particle rotating brake) or other form of friction resistance. - In another embodiment, an electronic controlled horizontal resistance brake can be provided. Use of an electronic controlled horizontal resistance brake allows for pre-determined variations in the resistance throughout the stride, a constant resistance throughout the stride or an overall variability on the effective resistance to assist in interval training. The range of usable resistance at the foot in the fore and aft directions was found to be about 0.5 to about 15 pounds. In another embodiment, a linear resistance system can be provided.
- Accordingly, the present invention provides a user with a variety of smooth natural available exercise paths or foot motions, exercises a relatively large number of muscles through a large range of motion, and provides such foot motions in a safe and stable manner. The present invention also provides an exercise device having available resistance in more than one general direction, such as resisted free travel in the fore and aft directions, without detracting from the unique engaging motion of the exercise device.
- In addition to resistance on the vertical and horizontal movement, the movement of the pivotal
linkage pendulum system 15 of theexercise device 10 also includes one or more stops for when thefootpad 14 comes to the limit of the exercise device, also referred to as an end of travel stop. In general, if an end of travel stop is too abrupt, an unsatisfactory jerking will occur to the user; indeed, if this stop is too abrupt and the user is utilizing a fast stride rate, the potential for injury to the user can increase. Accordingly, a need exists for an exercise device having a natural feeling end of travel stop. Applicants have determined that it is preferred that the end of travel have a two-stage linear stiffness profile or a non-linear stiffness profile. - This profile is graphed in
FIG. 5 . InFIG. 5 , force in pounds is set forth on the vertical axis and travel in inches is set forth on the vertical axis. It is seen that as the travel increases the force in pounds is initially relatively flat, thereby providing the user with a gentle indication of the end of travel. Then, the force in pounds increases rapidly as the pre-determined stop point is approached. The softer initial contact can also provide a turn-around push for the user, as well as a smooth non-forceful signal that the end of travel is approaching. - One embodiment for achieving a two-stage linear or a non-linear stiffness profile is a single bumper that provides a non-linear profile starting off relatively soft at initial contact, then producing an increase in stiffness at a pre-determined stop point. Referring back to
FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, therocker link 60 includesstop tab 61 configured to engage afirst bumper 57. Thefirst bumper 57 serves as an end of travel stop that provides a highly stiff cushion and a rather abrupt stop when thestop tab 61 fully engages thefirst bumper 57. As part of the left and right pivotinglinkage pendulum systems 15, theexercise device 10 also includes left and right rocker links 61, supplemental resistance links 41 andfirst bumpers 57. - Referring to
FIGS. 6 and 7 , in another embodiment, at least a pair of separatesecond bumpers first bumpers 57. In this embodiment, each of thesecond bumper bumpers first bumper 57, and thesecond bumpers second bumpers exercise device 10 and makes the exercise device more enjoyable to use. In combination, thesecond bumpers first bumpers 57 provide an optimal two stage end of travel stop configuration for an exercise device in both the fore direction and the aft direction. Thesecond bumpers first bumpers 57 provide the abrupt stop to ensure that the maximum travel of the exercise device is not exceeded, and the exercise device is not damaged, while minimizing the negative impact or feel to the user. - To provide for the at least two
second bumpers bumper bracket 66 can be provided extending over thehorizontal resistance pulley 43. Thebumper bracket 66 contains twocontact surfaces 72, 74 adapted to contact and bear against thesecond bumpers second bumpers brackets horizontal resistance pulley 43. Thus, as thehorizontal resistance pulley 43 comes to the limit of theexercise device 10 as rotating through the arch determined by the length of the stride of the user, one of thesecond bumpers horizontal resistance pulley 43 contacts thecorresponding contact surface 72 and 74. - Alternatively, the
first bumper 57 can be provided with the non-linear response such that initial contact by thestop tab 61 is soft providing a gentle indication of the end of stop, then thefirst bumper 57 can be configured to have a non-linear increase in resistance if and when thestop tab 61 continues to engage thefirst bumper 57 and continues to bear against thefirst bumper 57. Both the single bumper and the dual bumper methods provide a unique feel that is crucial to a user defined motion exercise device. By correctly selecting the initial stiffness, the user does not sense the foot motion is approaching the end of travel, but instead senses a resistance that begins to urge the foot into the opposite direction. While the user defined motion exercise device allows for significantly longer stride lengths than most of the current exercise devices, the end of travel “push” tends to help the user to maintain a smooth and rhythmical motion required to achieve highly aerobic workout even while striding out to a maximum stride length. - While the invention has been described with specific embodiments, other alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. As previously described, while the example embodiment depicts a pendulum striding exercise device, the principles of the present invention apply to any other fitness devices, particularly those in which the user is relatively mobile, including but not limited to rowing machines, elliptical exercise machines, stepping machines, cross-country skiing machines, pendulous exercise devices, and the like. Accordingly, it will be intended to include all such alternatives, modifications and variations set forth within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (40)
1. An exercise apparatus for a user comprising:
a frame;
a crank system coupled to the frame, the crank system comprises one or more crank members;
a pivotal linkage pendulum system comprising at least a first link member, the first link member coupled to the crank system through at least a first pivot point, and the first pivot point of the first link member configured to move in a path during use;
a foot member coupled to the at least one first link member;
a first directional resistance system coupled to the crank system; and
a second directional resistance system coupled to the crank system, wherein the first direction is different from the second direction.
2. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first directional resistance system is a generally vertical resistance system, and wherein the second directional resistance system is a generally horizontal resistance system.
3. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second resistance system comprises a system for applying a braking or retarding force to the movement of the pivotal linkage pendulum system.
4. The exercise apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the system for applying a braking or retarding force comprises an eddy current brake.
5. The exercise apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the horizontal resistance system provides resistance at the foot member varying from zero force at zero velocity to a maximum force at full velocity.
6. The exercise apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the horizontal resistance system provides constant resistance.
7. The exercise apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the horizontal resistance system provides resistance to the foot member in the fore and aft directions from about 0.5 to about 15.0 pounds.
8. The exercise apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the horizontal resistance system provides resistance to the foot member in the fore and aft directions from about 2.0 to about 10.0 pounds.
9. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least a first link member comprises at least the first link member and a second link member, wherein the pivot point of the first link member is an upper pivot point, and wherein the second link member is coupled to the frame.
10. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a footpad coupled to the foot member, the footpad provided with a forward securement member.
11. The exercise apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the forward securement member is a toe clip.
12. The exercise apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the foot member is configured to move in a user defined motion, and wherein the user defined motion has a vertical component and a horizontal component.
13. The exercise apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the user defined motion can be altered by the user as desired.
14. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pivotal linkage pendulum system comprises a corresponding pair of four or more bar linkages.
15. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a step-up base, and wherein at least a portion of the base is positioned beneath at least a portion of the foot member.
17. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pivotal linkage pendulum system includes a swing arm for engaging the upper body of the user.
18. The exercise apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the system for applying a braking or retarding force comprises at least one of a resistance pulley and a rocker link.
19. The exercise apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the resistance pulley has an available operating motion that is less than a complete revolution.
20. A resistance system for an exercise apparatus that has both a horizontal and a vertical motion component, comprising:
a foot member;
a vertical variable resistance system coupled to the foot member; and
a horizontal variable resistance system coupled to the foot member, the horizontal resistance system providing resistance to the foot member varying from 0.5 pounds of force at a generally horizontal velocity of zero to a maximum resistance at a full generally horizontal velocity.
21. The resistance system of claim 20 , wherein the horizontal resistance system comprises a system for applying a braking or retarding force to the movement of the pivotal linkage pendulum system.
22. The resistance system of claim 21 , wherein the system for applying a braking or retarding force comprises an eddy current brake.
23. The resistance system of claim 20 , wherein the horizontal resistance system provides resistance to the foot member in the fore and aft directions from about 0.5 pounds of force to about 15.0 pounds of force.
24. The resistance system of claim 20 , wherein the horizontal resistance system provides resistance to the foot member in the fore and aft directions from about 2.0 pounds of force to about 10.0 pounds of force.
25. The resistance system of claim 20 further comprising a footpad coupled to the foot member, the footpad provided with a forward securement member.
26. The resistance system of claim 25 , wherein the forward securement member is a toe clip.
27. The resistance system of claim 20 , wherein the vertical resistance system comprises a system for applying a braking or retarding force.
28. A resistance system for an exercise apparatus that has both a horizontal and a vertical motion component, comprising:
a foot member;
a variable vertical resistance system coupled to the foot member; and
a variable horizontal resistance system coupled to the foot member, the horizontal resistance system providing a user selectable resistance within the range of about 0.5 pounds of force to about 15.0 pounds in the fore and aft direction.
29. The resistance system of claim 28 , wherein the resistance of the horizontal resistance system is within the range of about 2.0 to about 10.0 pounds.
30. The resistance system of claim 28 , wherein the horizontal resistance system comprises a system for applying a braking or retarding force to the movement of the pivotal linkage pendulum system.
31. The resistance system of claim 30 , wherein the system for applying a braking or retarding force comprises an eddy current brake.
32. The resistance system of claim 28 further comprising a footpad coupled to the foot member, the footpad provided with a forward securement member.
33. The resistance system of claim 32 , wherein the forward securement member is a toe clip.
34. The resistance system of claim 28 , wherein the vertical resistance system comprises a system for applying a braking or retarding force.
35. A resistance system for an exercise apparatus that has both a horizontal and a vertical motion component, comprising:
a foot member;
a vertical variable resistance system coupled to the foot member; and
a horizontal resistance system coupled to the foot member, the horizontal resistance system providing constant resistance within the range of about 0.05 pounds of force to about 15.0 pounds of force.
36. The resistance system of claim 35 , wherein the constant resistance of the horizontal resistance system is within the range of about 2.0 to about 10.0 pounds.
37. The resistance system of claim 35 , wherein the horizontal resistance system comprises a system for applying a braking or retarding force to the movement of the pivotal linkage pendulum system.
38. The resistance system of claim 37 , wherein the system for applying a braking or retarding force comprises an eddy current brake.
39. The resistance system of claim 35 further comprising a footpad coupled to the foot member, the footpad provided with a forward securement member.
40. The resistance system of claim 39 , wherein the forward securement member is a toe clip.
41. The resistance system of claim 35 , wherein the vertical resistance system comprises a system for applying a braking or retarding force.
Priority Applications (4)
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US11/646,883 US20080161163A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2006-12-28 | Supplemental resistance assembly for resisting motion of an exercise device |
EP07252817A EP1938869B1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2007-07-16 | Supplemental resistance assembly for resisting motion of an exercise device |
ES07252817T ES2395737T3 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2007-07-16 | Supplementary resistance assembly for resistance movement of an exercise device |
JP2007336429A JP5319110B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2007-12-27 | Auxiliary resistance assembly for resisting movement of exercise equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US11/646,883 US20080161163A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2006-12-28 | Supplemental resistance assembly for resisting motion of an exercise device |
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US (1) | US20080161163A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1938869B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5319110B2 (en) |
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US20100317492A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Nelson Derek L | Elliptical exercise machine |
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USD785730S1 (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-02 | Dyaco International Inc. | Elliptical exercise machine |
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USD864315S1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-22 | High Street TV (Group) Ltd. | Cross training exercise equipment |
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US10625114B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2020-04-21 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Elliptical and stationary bicycle apparatus including row functionality |
US10625137B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2020-04-21 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Coordinated displays in an exercise device |
US10806965B2 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-10-20 | Superweigh Enterprise Co., Ltd. | Multi-function exercise device |
US11198033B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-12-14 | Nautilus, Inc. | Exercise machine |
US11413493B2 (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2022-08-16 | Advantek Health Tech Co., Ltd. | Treadmill having auxiliary cushioning |
US11857833B2 (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2024-01-02 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Foot-pedaling exercise apparatus |
US11883712B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2024-01-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Foot-pedaling exercise apparatus |
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USD864315S1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-22 | High Street TV (Group) Ltd. | Cross training exercise equipment |
US10806965B2 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-10-20 | Superweigh Enterprise Co., Ltd. | Multi-function exercise device |
US11413493B2 (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2022-08-16 | Advantek Health Tech Co., Ltd. | Treadmill having auxiliary cushioning |
US11857833B2 (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2024-01-02 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Foot-pedaling exercise apparatus |
US11883712B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2024-01-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Foot-pedaling exercise apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2395737T3 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
EP1938869A2 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
JP5319110B2 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
JP2008161685A (en) | 2008-07-17 |
EP1938869B1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
EP1938869A3 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
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Owner name: PRECOR INCORPORATED, MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:STEWART, JONATHAN M.;DYER, DAVID E.;BIRRELL, JAMES S.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:019184/0789 Effective date: 20070227 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |