US20080124546A1 - Buffer Layer for Strings - Google Patents
Buffer Layer for Strings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080124546A1 US20080124546A1 US11/940,976 US94097607A US2008124546A1 US 20080124546 A1 US20080124546 A1 US 20080124546A1 US 94097607 A US94097607 A US 94097607A US 2008124546 A1 US2008124546 A1 US 2008124546A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- nylon
- buffer layer
- filaments
- gaps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B51/00—Stringing tennis, badminton or like rackets; Strings therefor; Maintenance of racket strings
- A63B51/02—Strings; String substitutes; Products applied on strings, e.g. for protection against humidity or wear
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
- D07B1/162—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
- D07B1/165—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/10—Strings
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
- D07B2201/1036—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands nine or more strands respectively forming multiple layers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2071—Spacers
- D07B2201/2074—Spacers in radial direction
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/2087—Jackets or coverings being of the coated type
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/10—Natural organic materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
- D07B2205/3007—Carbon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
Definitions
- strings for sports equipment e.g., tennis raquets
- musical instruments are usually coated with a thin layer at their outmost surface to improve their durability, spin, feeling, etc.
- Polyamide (nylon), polyester, and other polymers have been used to coat on strings.
- Nanocomposites, such as clay and carbon nanotube reinforced nylon 6 nanocomposites, having better physical properties than neat nylon 6, are of a potential to be highly durable string coating materials with other functionalities.
- the reinforcing polymeric composites using nano-sized clay particles with high aspect ratio have been investigated since the 1980's (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,739,007).
- Strings are usually polymer materials with a multi-layer structure—core filament, wrapping filaments on the core filament, and coating.
- FIG. 1 shows an SEM image of a cross-section view of a nylon 6/clay nanocomposite coated on a wrapping filament. It can be seen that the nanocomposite material did not successfully fill out the gaps. Many defects were left in the string which will result in unacceptable durability of the strings. The gaps will result in chipping-off or unacceptable durability of coatings during high impact hitting of balls. More over, due to creation of the gaps, coatings also fail to a fix the filaments on the core materials of the string.
- FIG. 2 shows the chipped materials from filaments and coatings after high impact tests on the strings.
- FIG. 1 shows an SEM image of a cross-section view of a nylon 6/clay nanocomposite coated on a wrapping filament
- FIG. 2 shows an SEM image of chipped materials from filaments and coatings after high impact tests on a string
- FIG. 3A illustrates a cross-section of a core filament with wrapping filaments surrounding it
- FIG. 3B illustrates a buffer layer applied onto the wrapping filament
- FIG. 3C illustrates a coating applied onto the buffer layer
- FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention.
- polymer nanocomposites have higher physical/mechanical properties than neat polymer materials, they normally have higher viscosity or melt-flow during an extrusion or coating process.
- a thin buffer layer is used to coat on the multi-filament wrapped string to fill the gaps.
- the polymers of the buffer-layer coating have a high melt-flow (low viscosity) during coating process to fill all the gaps between the filaments, and the filaments are fixed by the coatings onto base core materials.
- FIG. 3A illustrates a cross-section of a string for coating comprised of one monofilament core 301 wrapped with smaller-diameter multi-filaments 302 .
- Neat nylon 6 pellets as may be obtained from UBE Industries Inc. (product name: UBE SF 1018 A) are melted.
- the buffer layer coating 303 is applied by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 220° C. to 270° C.
- the thickness of the buffer layer 303 may be from 10 to 100 micrometers.
- the gaps between the multi-filaments 302 are fully filled by the neat nylon 6 coating.
- the string for coating is one monofilament core 301 wrapped with smaller-diameter multi-filaments 302 .
- Neat nylon 11 may be obtained from ARKEMA Inc. Nylon 11 has a very good melt flow at temperatures over 220° C. Good impact strength and shear strength also make nylon 11 a good buffer layer material.
- the buffer layer coating 303 is applied by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 190° C. to 270° C.
- the thickness of the buffer layer 303 may be from 10 to 100 micrometers.
- the gaps between the multi-filaments 302 are fully filled by the neat nylon 11 coating.
- a wear-resistant coating 304 is then coated by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 240° C. to 280° C.
- Nylon 6/clay or a nylon 6/carbon nanotube nanocomposite may be employed as the wear-resistant coating material 304 .
- the nylon 6 nanocomposite produced by in-situ polymerization may contain 4% nano-clay filler.
- Other nylon 6 nanocomposites produced by melt-compounded process may also be used for the wear-resistant coating 304 .
- the nylon 6 nanocomposites may also be modified by rubber modifiers to improve the ductility and toughness.
- the thickness of the wear-resistant coating 304 may be from 1 to 100 micrometers.
- Nylon 6 nanocomposites may be melted at higher than 190° C. and extruded to deposit a coating on the strings. Nylon 6 nanocomposites may be dissolved in a solvent such as formic acid and sprayed, dipped, spin coated, brushed, painted, or immersed to deposit a coating on the string at room temperature or elevated temperatures. The solvent may be then removed by a follow-up process such as an evaporation method.
- FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention.
- the coated string structure of FIG. 3C is then coated again with smaller-diameter multi-filaments 401 .
- a buffer layer coating 402 similar to layer 303 , is applied by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 190° C. to 270° C.
- the thickness of the buffer layer 402 may be from 10 to 100 micrometers.
- the gaps between the multi-filaments 401 are fully filled by the neat nylon 11 coating.
- a wear-resistant coating 403 is then coated by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 240° C. to 280° C.
- Nylon 6/clay or a nylon 6/carbon nanotube nanocomposite may be employed as the wear-resistant coating material 403 .
- the nylon 6 nanocomposite produced by in-situ polymerization may contain 4% nano-clay filler.
- Other nylon 6 nanocomposites produced by melt-compounded process may also be used for the wear-resistant coating 403 .
- the nylon 6 nanocomposites may also be modified by rubber modifiers to improve the ductility and toughness.
- the thickness of the wear-resistant coating 403 may be from 1 to 100 micrometers.
Landscapes
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A thin buffer layer is used to coat on the multi-filament wrapped string to fill the gaps. The polymers of the buffer-layer coating have a high melt-flow (low viscosity) during coating process to fill all the gaps between the filaments, and the filaments are fixed by the coatings onto base core materials.
Description
- This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/866,199, which is hereby incorporated by reference hereby.
- The strings for sports equipment (e.g., tennis raquets) or musical instruments are usually coated with a thin layer at their outmost surface to improve their durability, spin, feeling, etc. Polyamide (nylon), polyester, and other polymers have been used to coat on strings. Nanocomposites, such as clay and carbon nanotube reinforced nylon 6 nanocomposites, having better physical properties than neat nylon 6, are of a potential to be highly durable string coating materials with other functionalities. The reinforcing polymeric composites using nano-sized clay particles with high aspect ratio have been investigated since the 1980's (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,739,007). Strings are usually polymer materials with a multi-layer structure—core filament, wrapping filaments on the core filament, and coating. For the strings with multi-layer structures, coating materials are required to match the base materials and have good melt-flow properties (acceptable viscosity) at certain temperature to allow them to be penetrated into the gaps between the wrapping filaments. Viscosity of a nanocomposite is usually higher than neat nylon 6 at the same temperature. Thus, the nanocomposite may not easily penetrate into the gaps between the wrapping filaments.
FIG. 1 shows an SEM image of a cross-section view of a nylon 6/clay nanocomposite coated on a wrapping filament. It can be seen that the nanocomposite material did not successfully fill out the gaps. Many defects were left in the string which will result in unacceptable durability of the strings. The gaps will result in chipping-off or unacceptable durability of coatings during high impact hitting of balls. More over, due to creation of the gaps, coatings also fail to a fix the filaments on the core materials of the string.FIG. 2 shows the chipped materials from filaments and coatings after high impact tests on the strings. -
FIG. 1 shows an SEM image of a cross-section view of a nylon 6/clay nanocomposite coated on a wrapping filament; -
FIG. 2 shows an SEM image of chipped materials from filaments and coatings after high impact tests on a string; -
FIG. 3A illustrates a cross-section of a core filament with wrapping filaments surrounding it; -
FIG. 3B illustrates a buffer layer applied onto the wrapping filament; -
FIG. 3C illustrates a coating applied onto the buffer layer; and -
FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention. - Although polymer nanocomposites have higher physical/mechanical properties than neat polymer materials, they normally have higher viscosity or melt-flow during an extrusion or coating process. To solve this problem, a thin buffer layer is used to coat on the multi-filament wrapped string to fill the gaps. The polymers of the buffer-layer coating have a high melt-flow (low viscosity) during coating process to fill all the gaps between the filaments, and the filaments are fixed by the coatings onto base core materials.
-
FIG. 3A illustrates a cross-section of a string for coating comprised of onemonofilament core 301 wrapped with smaller-diameter multi-filaments 302. Neat nylon 6 pellets as may be obtained from UBE Industries Inc. (product name: UBE SF 1018 A) are melted. Thebuffer layer coating 303 is applied by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 220° C. to 270° C. The thickness of thebuffer layer 303 may be from 10 to 100 micrometers. The gaps between the multi-filaments 302 are fully filled by the neat nylon 6 coating. - A wear-
resistant coating 304 is then coated (FIG. 3C ) by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 240° C. to 280° C. A nylon 6/clay or nylon 6/carbon nanotube nanocomposite may be employed as the wear-resistant coating material 304. The nylon 6 nanocomposite produced by in-situ polymerization may contain 4% nano-clay filler. Other nylon 6 nanocomposites produced by melt-compounded process may also be used for the wear-resistant coatings 304. Except for the clay, carbon nanotubes, ceramic particles such as SiO2 and Al2O3, or glass particles may be used to make nylon 6 nanocomposites. The Nylon 6 nanocomposites may also be modified by rubber modifiers to improve the ductility and toughness. The thickness of the wear-resistant coating may be from 1 to 100 micrometers. - Again referring to
FIG. 3A , the string for coating is onemonofilament core 301 wrapped with smaller-diameter multi-filaments 302. Neat nylon 11 may be obtained from ARKEMA Inc. Nylon 11 has a very good melt flow at temperatures over 220° C. Good impact strength and shear strength also make nylon 11 a good buffer layer material. InFIG. 3B , thebuffer layer coating 303 is applied by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 190° C. to 270° C. - The thickness of the
buffer layer 303 may be from 10 to 100 micrometers. The gaps between the multi-filaments 302 are fully filled by the neat nylon 11 coating. - Referring to
FIG. 3C , a wear-resistant coating 304 is then coated by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 240° C. to 280° C. Nylon 6/clay or a nylon 6/carbon nanotube nanocomposite may be employed as the wear-resistant coating material 304. The nylon 6 nanocomposite produced by in-situ polymerization may contain 4% nano-clay filler. Other nylon 6 nanocomposites produced by melt-compounded process may also be used for the wear-resistant coating 304. The nylon 6 nanocomposites may also be modified by rubber modifiers to improve the ductility and toughness. The thickness of the wear-resistant coating 304 may be from 1 to 100 micrometers. - Except for the extrusion process to deposit a coating on the string, other methods such as spraying, dipping, spin coating, brushing, painting, and immersing processes can be used to deposit a coating on the surface of strings. Nylon 6 nanocomposites may be melted at higher than 190° C. and extruded to deposit a coating on the strings. Nylon 6 nanocomposites may be dissolved in a solvent such as formic acid and sprayed, dipped, spin coated, brushed, painted, or immersed to deposit a coating on the string at room temperature or elevated temperatures. The solvent may be then removed by a follow-up process such as an evaporation method.
-
FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention. Essentially, the coated string structure ofFIG. 3C is then coated again with smaller-diameter multi-filaments 401. Abuffer layer coating 402, similar tolayer 303, is applied by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 190° C. to 270° C. The thickness of thebuffer layer 402 may be from 10 to 100 micrometers. The gaps between the multi-filaments 401 are fully filled by the neat nylon 11 coating. A wear-resistant coating 403 is then coated by an extrusion process at temperatures ranging from 240° C. to 280° C. Nylon 6/clay or a nylon 6/carbon nanotube nanocomposite may be employed as the wear-resistant coating material 403. The nylon 6 nanocomposite produced by in-situ polymerization may contain 4% nano-clay filler. Other nylon 6 nanocomposites produced by melt-compounded process may also be used for the wear-resistant coating 403. The nylon 6 nanocomposites may also be modified by rubber modifiers to improve the ductility and toughness. The thickness of the wear-resistant coating 403 may be from 1 to 100 micrometers.
Claims (19)
1. A coating for a string, comprising:
a core filament wrapped with a plurality of wrapping filaments of a smaller diameter than the core filament;
a buffer layer coating filling in gaps between the wrapping filaments and between the wrapping filaments and the core filament; and
an outer coating covering over the buffer layer coating, wrapping filaments and core filament.
2. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the buffer layer coating comprises a polymer.
3. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the buffer layer coating comprises nylon.
4. The coating of claim 3 , wherein the buffer layer coating comprises nylon 6.
5. The coating of claim 3 , wherein the buffer layer coating comprises nylon 11.
6. The coating of claim 3 , wherein the outer coating comprises a composite of nylon and clay nanoparticles.
7. The coating of claim 3 , wherein the outer coating comprises a composite of nylon and carbon nanotubes.
8. The coating of claim 6 , wherein the outer coating further comprises a modifier.
9. A method for coating a string comprising:
wrapping a core filament having a first diameter with one or more wrapping filaments having a second diameter that is less than the first diameter;
extruding a melted nylon into gaps between the one or more wrapping filaments and into gaps between the wrapping filaments and the core filament;
extruding a coating on a circumference of the string so that it covers the one or more wrapping filaments and the melted nylon in the gaps.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the melted nylon comprises nylon 6.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the melted nylon comprises nylon 11.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the coating comprises a composite of nylon and clay nanoparticles.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the coating comprises a composite of nylon and carbon nanotubes.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the coating comprises a composite of nylon and ceramic particles.
15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the coating comprises a composite of nylon and glass particles.
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein the coating is between 1 and 100 micrometers thick.
17. The coating of claim 1 , further comprising:
another plurality of wrapping filaments wrapped around the outer coating;
another buffer layer coating filling in gaps between the another plurality of wrapping filaments; and
another outer coating covering over the another buffer layer coating.
18. The coating of claim 3 , wherein the coating comprises a composite of nylon and glass particles.
19. The coating of claim 3 , wherein the coating comprises a composite of nylon and ceramic particles.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/940,976 US20080124546A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2007-11-15 | Buffer Layer for Strings |
US13/481,145 US8713906B2 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2012-05-25 | Composite coating for strings |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US86619906P | 2006-11-16 | 2006-11-16 | |
US11/940,976 US20080124546A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2007-11-15 | Buffer Layer for Strings |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/481,145 Continuation-In-Part US8713906B2 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2012-05-25 | Composite coating for strings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080124546A1 true US20080124546A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
Family
ID=39186839
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/940,976 Abandoned US20080124546A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2007-11-15 | Buffer Layer for Strings |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080124546A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2083928B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2010510400A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101534909A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE530230T1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW200840890A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008061229A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110201462A1 (en) * | 2008-08-12 | 2011-08-18 | Babolat Vs | String for a racket, particularly for a tennis racket |
EP2704136A1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-05 | Larsen Strings A/S | Damping and adhesive material for music strings |
WO2019185487A1 (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | Bridon International Limited | Synthetic fiber rope |
US11058926B2 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2021-07-13 | Speed France Sas | Monofilament string for a racket and process for manufacturing such a monofilament string |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9056783B2 (en) | 1998-12-17 | 2015-06-16 | Hach Company | System for monitoring discharges into a waste water collection system |
US8958917B2 (en) | 1998-12-17 | 2015-02-17 | Hach Company | Method and system for remote monitoring of fluid quality and treatment |
US7454295B2 (en) | 1998-12-17 | 2008-11-18 | The Watereye Corporation | Anti-terrorism water quality monitoring system |
US8920619B2 (en) | 2003-03-19 | 2014-12-30 | Hach Company | Carbon nanotube sensor |
US8713906B2 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2014-05-06 | Applied Nanotech Holdings, Inc. | Composite coating for strings |
US20080206559A1 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-08-28 | Yunjun Li | Lubricant enhanced nanocomposites |
EP2672003B1 (en) | 2008-08-15 | 2016-07-27 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator load bearing member with a polymer jacket having a flame retardant in the polymer jacket material |
CN104043233A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-09-17 | 安徽梦谷纤维材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing badminton racket string |
JP6698317B2 (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2020-05-27 | ヨネックス株式会社 | Racket string |
JP6812052B2 (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2021-01-13 | ヨネックス株式会社 | Racket string |
WO2020031529A1 (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-13 | 株式会社ゴーセン | Racket string and method of manufacturing same |
Citations (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1770794A (en) * | 1927-07-09 | 1930-07-15 | Johnson & Johnson | Tennis string |
US1974453A (en) * | 1930-03-15 | 1934-09-25 | Edson F Gallaudet | Process and apparatus for making filled and coated cords |
US3605399A (en) * | 1967-04-06 | 1971-09-20 | Jacob Van Rijswijk | Strings |
US3645819A (en) * | 1967-03-16 | 1972-02-29 | Toray Industries | Method for manufacturing synthetic multicore elements |
US3840427A (en) * | 1972-07-26 | 1974-10-08 | Milprint Inc | Triplex films with nylon as a laminating layer |
US4016714A (en) * | 1975-05-21 | 1977-04-12 | Ashaway Line & Twine Mfg. Co. | String construction |
US4377620A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1983-03-22 | Edward Alexander | Gut for tennis racket and the like and method of making same |
US4499144A (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1985-02-12 | Jacotra A. G. | Fluid containing string with opening to pass fluid from core |
US4739007A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1988-04-19 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chou Kenkyusho | Composite material and process for manufacturing same |
US4770915A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1988-09-13 | Fuji Standard Research Inc. | Flexible composite material and process for preparing same |
US5090188A (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1992-02-25 | Lin Tseng Y | Ridged racquet string |
US5536005A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1996-07-16 | Koff; Steven G. | Means for racket to return strings to original position after ball impact |
US5552469A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-09-03 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with oligomers and polymers and composite materials containing same |
US5578672A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-11-26 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates; exfoliates; process for manufacturing intercalates and exfoliates and composite materials containing same |
US5698624A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-16 | Amcol International Corporation | Exfoliated layered materials and nanocomposites comprising matrix polymers and said exfoliated layered materials formed with water-insoluble oligomers and polymers |
US5747560A (en) * | 1991-08-12 | 1998-05-05 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Melt process formation of polymer nanocomposite of exfoliated layered material |
US5760121A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-06-02 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with oligomers and polymers and composite materials containing same |
US5849830A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-12-15 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with N-alkenyl amides and/or acrylate-functional pyrrolidone and allylic monomers, oligomers and copolymers and composite materials containing same |
US5952095A (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 1999-09-14 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with long chain (C10 +) monomeric organic intercalant compounds; and composite materials containing same |
US6232388B1 (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2001-05-15 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates formed by co-intercalation of onium ion spacing/coupling agents and monomer, oligomer or polymer MXD6 nylon intercalants and nanocomposites prepared with the intercalates |
US6371318B1 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2002-04-16 | Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. | Plastic closure with compression molded sealing/barrier liner |
US6399690B2 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2002-06-04 | Amcol International Corporation | Layered compositions with multi-charged onium ions as exchange cations, and their application to prepare monomer, oligomer, and polymer intercalates and nanocomposites prepared with the layered compositions of the intercalates |
US6423369B1 (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2002-07-23 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. | Process for sealing pores in molded product, and bonded magnet with pores sealed by the process |
US6460321B1 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2002-10-08 | Gosen Co., Ltd. | Racquet string |
US6521054B2 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2003-02-18 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic powder and isotropic bonded magnet |
US6527875B2 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2003-03-04 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic powder and isotropic bonded magnet |
US6551418B2 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2003-04-22 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic powder and isotropic bonded magnet |
US6586500B2 (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2003-07-01 | University Of South Carolina Research Foundation | Polymer nanocomposite comprising a matrix polymer and a layered clay material having an improved level of extractable material |
US20030143396A1 (en) * | 1999-07-06 | 2003-07-31 | Franck Bouquerel | Abrasion-resistant spun articles |
US20030145574A1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2003-08-07 | Yves Delvael | Composite synthetic string for tennis racket |
US6737464B1 (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2004-05-18 | University Of South Carolina Research Foundation | Polymer nanocomposite comprising a matrix polymer and a layered clay material having a low quartz content |
US20040096389A1 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2004-05-20 | Alex Lobovsky | Spinning, processing, and applications of carbon nanotube filaments, ribbons, and yarns |
JP2004202000A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-22 | Mizuno Corp | String |
US6790296B2 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2004-09-14 | Neomax Co., Ltd. | Nanocomposite magnet and method for producing same |
US6835454B1 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2004-12-28 | Stuart Karl Randa | Fluoropolymer modification of strings for stringed sports equipment and musical instruments |
US6893730B2 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2005-05-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Barrier film with reduced dynamic coefficient of friction |
US20050245333A1 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-11-03 | Gosen Co., Ltd. | Racquet string |
US20060084532A1 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2006-04-20 | Chaokang Chu | Strings for racquets |
US7037562B2 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2006-05-02 | Vascon Llc | Angioplasty super balloon fabrication with composite materials |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0822946B2 (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1996-03-06 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Composite material |
JPH0683731B2 (en) * | 1990-08-30 | 1994-10-26 | 株式会社ゴーセン | Synthetic fiber gut for racket and method of manufacturing the same |
JP3025431B2 (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 2000-03-27 | 株式会社ゴーセン | Racket string |
JP2003126643A (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-05-07 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Pulp-like hygroscopic material and conditioned paper |
US8455583B2 (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2013-06-04 | University Of Houston | Carbon nanotube reinforced polymer nanocomposites |
-
2007
- 2007-11-15 US US11/940,976 patent/US20080124546A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-11-15 TW TW096143229A patent/TW200840890A/en unknown
- 2007-11-16 EP EP07864530A patent/EP2083928B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-11-16 CN CNA2007800427039A patent/CN101534909A/en active Pending
- 2007-11-16 AT AT07864530T patent/ATE530230T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-11-16 JP JP2009537390A patent/JP2010510400A/en active Pending
- 2007-11-16 WO PCT/US2007/084973 patent/WO2008061229A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1770794A (en) * | 1927-07-09 | 1930-07-15 | Johnson & Johnson | Tennis string |
US1974453A (en) * | 1930-03-15 | 1934-09-25 | Edson F Gallaudet | Process and apparatus for making filled and coated cords |
US3645819A (en) * | 1967-03-16 | 1972-02-29 | Toray Industries | Method for manufacturing synthetic multicore elements |
US3605399A (en) * | 1967-04-06 | 1971-09-20 | Jacob Van Rijswijk | Strings |
US3840427A (en) * | 1972-07-26 | 1974-10-08 | Milprint Inc | Triplex films with nylon as a laminating layer |
US4016714A (en) * | 1975-05-21 | 1977-04-12 | Ashaway Line & Twine Mfg. Co. | String construction |
US4499144A (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1985-02-12 | Jacotra A. G. | Fluid containing string with opening to pass fluid from core |
US4377620A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1983-03-22 | Edward Alexander | Gut for tennis racket and the like and method of making same |
US4739007A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1988-04-19 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chou Kenkyusho | Composite material and process for manufacturing same |
US4770915A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1988-09-13 | Fuji Standard Research Inc. | Flexible composite material and process for preparing same |
US5090188A (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1992-02-25 | Lin Tseng Y | Ridged racquet string |
US5747560A (en) * | 1991-08-12 | 1998-05-05 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Melt process formation of polymer nanocomposite of exfoliated layered material |
US5536005A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1996-07-16 | Koff; Steven G. | Means for racket to return strings to original position after ball impact |
US5552469A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-09-03 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with oligomers and polymers and composite materials containing same |
US5698624A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-16 | Amcol International Corporation | Exfoliated layered materials and nanocomposites comprising matrix polymers and said exfoliated layered materials formed with water-insoluble oligomers and polymers |
US5578672A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-11-26 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates; exfoliates; process for manufacturing intercalates and exfoliates and composite materials containing same |
US5760121A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-06-02 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with oligomers and polymers and composite materials containing same |
US5849830A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-12-15 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with N-alkenyl amides and/or acrylate-functional pyrrolidone and allylic monomers, oligomers and copolymers and composite materials containing same |
US5877248A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-03-02 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with oligomers and polymers and composite materials containing same |
US5952095A (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 1999-09-14 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates formed with long chain (C10 +) monomeric organic intercalant compounds; and composite materials containing same |
US6460321B1 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2002-10-08 | Gosen Co., Ltd. | Racquet string |
US6371318B1 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2002-04-16 | Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. | Plastic closure with compression molded sealing/barrier liner |
US6677016B2 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2004-01-13 | Owens-Illimois Closure Inc. | Plastic closure with compression molded sealing/barrier liner |
US6232388B1 (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2001-05-15 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates formed by co-intercalation of onium ion spacing/coupling agents and monomer, oligomer or polymer MXD6 nylon intercalants and nanocomposites prepared with the intercalates |
US6399690B2 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2002-06-04 | Amcol International Corporation | Layered compositions with multi-charged onium ions as exchange cations, and their application to prepare monomer, oligomer, and polymer intercalates and nanocomposites prepared with the layered compositions of the intercalates |
US6423369B1 (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2002-07-23 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. | Process for sealing pores in molded product, and bonded magnet with pores sealed by the process |
US20030143396A1 (en) * | 1999-07-06 | 2003-07-31 | Franck Bouquerel | Abrasion-resistant spun articles |
US6835454B1 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2004-12-28 | Stuart Karl Randa | Fluoropolymer modification of strings for stringed sports equipment and musical instruments |
US6951625B2 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2005-10-04 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic powder and isotropic bonded magnet |
US6551418B2 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2003-04-22 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic powder and isotropic bonded magnet |
US6855265B2 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2005-02-15 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic powder and isotropic bonded magnet |
US6527875B2 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2003-03-04 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic powder and isotropic bonded magnet |
US6521054B2 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2003-02-18 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic powder and isotropic bonded magnet |
US20030145574A1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2003-08-07 | Yves Delvael | Composite synthetic string for tennis racket |
US6586500B2 (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2003-07-01 | University Of South Carolina Research Foundation | Polymer nanocomposite comprising a matrix polymer and a layered clay material having an improved level of extractable material |
US6737464B1 (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2004-05-18 | University Of South Carolina Research Foundation | Polymer nanocomposite comprising a matrix polymer and a layered clay material having a low quartz content |
US6828370B2 (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2004-12-07 | Amcol International Corporation | Intercalates and exfoliates thereof having an improved level of extractable material |
US20040096389A1 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2004-05-20 | Alex Lobovsky | Spinning, processing, and applications of carbon nanotube filaments, ribbons, and yarns |
US6790296B2 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2004-09-14 | Neomax Co., Ltd. | Nanocomposite magnet and method for producing same |
US6890392B2 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2005-05-10 | Neomax Co., Ltd. | Nanocomposite magnet and method for producing same |
US7037562B2 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2006-05-02 | Vascon Llc | Angioplasty super balloon fabrication with composite materials |
US6893730B2 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2005-05-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Barrier film with reduced dynamic coefficient of friction |
JP2004202000A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-22 | Mizuno Corp | String |
US20050245333A1 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-11-03 | Gosen Co., Ltd. | Racquet string |
US20060084532A1 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2006-04-20 | Chaokang Chu | Strings for racquets |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110201462A1 (en) * | 2008-08-12 | 2011-08-18 | Babolat Vs | String for a racket, particularly for a tennis racket |
EP2704136A1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-05 | Larsen Strings A/S | Damping and adhesive material for music strings |
WO2014037012A1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-13 | Larsen Strings A/S | Acoustic dampening for musical strings; use, method, and string |
US9728169B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 | 2017-08-08 | Larsen Strings A/S | Acoustic dampening for musical strings; use, method, and string |
US11058926B2 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2021-07-13 | Speed France Sas | Monofilament string for a racket and process for manufacturing such a monofilament string |
WO2019185487A1 (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | Bridon International Limited | Synthetic fiber rope |
US11352743B2 (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2022-06-07 | Bridon-Bekaert Ropes Group | Synthetic fiber rope |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2083928B1 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
TW200840890A (en) | 2008-10-16 |
ATE530230T1 (en) | 2011-11-15 |
WO2008061229A9 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
CN101534909A (en) | 2009-09-16 |
JP2010510400A (en) | 2010-04-02 |
WO2008061229A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
EP2083928A1 (en) | 2009-08-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20080124546A1 (en) | Buffer Layer for Strings | |
US8713906B2 (en) | Composite coating for strings | |
US20080206559A1 (en) | Lubricant enhanced nanocomposites | |
JP2010510400A5 (en) | ||
CN102906330B (en) | Method for the production of a multi-layer metal cord that is rubberised in situ using an unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer | |
JP2015531015A5 (en) | ||
US6835454B1 (en) | Fluoropolymer modification of strings for stringed sports equipment and musical instruments | |
KR100907692B1 (en) | Multi-layered steel cord with intermediate filament coated with polymer | |
US9617661B2 (en) | Method of manufacturing a two-layer metal cord rubberized in situ using an unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer | |
EP1574234B1 (en) | Racquet string | |
JP2013531741A (en) | In-situ rubberized multilayer metal cord with unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer | |
JP2013530317A (en) | Three-layer metal cord in-situ rubberized with unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer | |
JP5800341B2 (en) | Method of manufacturing a three-layer metal cord of the type rubberized on-site | |
EP1802796B1 (en) | Improved strings for racquets | |
US20050160714A1 (en) | Synthetic cord for tennis racket | |
TW202017621A (en) | Racket string and method of manufacturing same | |
CA2144297A1 (en) | Retractable sheathed wires, strands and cables; method for the manufacturing of such articles | |
JP2001089265A (en) | Reinforcing composition and method for reinforcing concrete | |
JP7382609B1 (en) | Artificial bow for a bowed stringed instrument and a bow for a bowed stringed instrument having the same | |
JP4489391B2 (en) | Method for producing natural fiber reinforced polymer composite material | |
JPH01185275A (en) | Rope for extending net |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NANO-PROPRIETARY, INC., TEXAS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:YANIV, ZVI;LI, YUNJUN;MAO, DONGSHENG;REEL/FRAME:020341/0726 Effective date: 20080104 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |