US2007272A - Car construction - Google Patents

Description

July 9, E935. Q HINDAHL 2,007,272

CAR CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Aug. l2, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l [Nue/2 Z502/ w//o MAW/m4 D. HINDAHL CAR CONSTRUCTION July 9, 1935.

Original Filed Aug. 12, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INM Patented July 9, 1935 PATENT joFFljcE l l CAR coNs'rRUc'rI'oN Davidv Hindahl, Chicago, Ill,, assignor to Harry S.

I` Hart, Chicago, Ill.

Application August 12, 1933, serial No; `684,845

- 1 `i RenewedMarch 6,1935 .Y Y

momias.,4 (cl. 105409), t

This invention relates to anew and improved Y 'car construction and more particularly. to a car wall Vconstruction especially adapted for use iniy connection withcars ofthe hopper type.

The newl and improved car wall construction.

- of 4this invention produces the-combined-advan-` Y top of the hoppers.

tages of 'maximum capacity andfexternally posi- I tioned' side wall stakes and although the invenn tion is intended for application fornewly built cars, itis also adapted for application 'to cars of a type now in existence having inside stakes whereby through the application of this invention to such cars, new and improved wall constructions may be provided without altering the under structure nor the bottom chords of kthe car, but by merely applying and attaching the newlyconstructed walls. 1 f j In cars of the hopper type, the load containing capacity is limited by the clearance diagram'of the Ycars together with the standard height of the The hopper walls are con# structed ci metal plates and in order to provide Athe requisite strength, the'plates are supported by vertically extending stakes located along the sideand end walls; `The stakes are attached to top* andl bottom chords which `'with the stakes con-VV stitute the wall frame construction. Heretofore in end'eavoring to increase'the capacities` of cars of this'type, some have been built-with the stakes lmounted inside of the car walls, which enables thev placement of the wall plates in the maximum outward position permitted by the limiting dimen- `sions for carV width. Such constructionhowever, produces a serious disadvantage ln that it exposesthe side stakes to wear and damage and deterioration by rust. The material carried inthe car wears against the stakes in loading and *unloadingI and the protective painting is` Worn off whichL ability of the car in use. Furthermore, whereasVv the wall plates can be replaced relativelycheaplyV and by simple operations, the replacement of` the stakesfas a part of the car frame is an expensive and moredifiicult operation. Besides, wearr and deterioration of the plates does not weaken 'orvv impair the supporting frame structure ofthe can? It will therefore appear that the designers and; builders of cars have. been confronted with two; conliicting diiculties, the rst of which' is. thel "objection to less .than maximum capacities as;

f ofitheicar stakes. On the other hand, those cars occasioned when the stakes are placed on theoutside offthe ywalls in order tolprovide the desired protection for the stakes, and,' secondly, the undesirable damage and deterioration .ofthe stakes as la part of the car frame when the stakes are 5 placed on the inside of the' car walls so as tov afford the maximum capacity produced whenthe wall plates 4are positioned approximately in the plane ofthe outer limiting dimensions of the car.

Prior.. to this invention carsof both types'have been constructed-and used bythe railroads. Inv those instances where maximum capacity was less important, the stakeswere placed externally for the protection benet but with a considerable sacrifice inload capacity. In recent years, however, increased capacity "has become more important with the result that more recent` designs vprovide for ioutwardly placed walls and internally placed stakes whereby the' maintenance and strength of ltheA car frame is sacrificed and damage and deterioration ofthe stakes is suffered in order to secure the wanted advantage of increased caV pacityff,` l i :The bottomsupporting chord of car constructions ofsthis typeare Ausually of angle cross-section having. a'vertical flange placed in the properV plane to permit the ready attachment thereto of the` bottom ends of thewall stakes While at the sametimeprovidlng a longitudinally extendingr attachment for the lower edges of the side wall plates; Accordingly, those cars of reduced ca-Y pacity having outside stakes have been provided withlowerrchords 'as a part of their Yunder. conv struction which are placed slightly inwardly ci the'm'aximum outside plane ofthe car :so as tov abut against `the' inner surface of the side stakes andlserve asanattachingiiange for the bottom endloi, the wall plates. In this case the bottomA frame chords SWere placed inwardly by the depth havingmaxmum capacity with the stakes on the inside.' have been designed with bottom Vchords placed outwardly so that the Vertical iiange thereof wouldabut againstlthe outside surface of the A stakes.andfprovideattaching iianges for Vthe side f A wallsplates placed substantially in theplane lof the maximum width dimension of the car. i 4Flrior to. this invention,weiort has been lmadel to overcome the problems above presented and to devise aiconstruction' for cars which would embody ;both advantages of capacity and protection Y so. that the. stakes Ycould'beV placedexternally to` provide the desirable protection while at the samefr time,.thewal1 plates could be positioned in the y plane ofpthe :maximum Width of the car-solas to.' "Q 5 chords disposed inwardly from the plane oi' maxif mum permissible width. n

By referring to the disclosure of said patent it will be noted that the wall plates are provided at their bottom edges withk inturned portions for attachment to the vertical flange of the bottom chord so that a relatively simple and efllcient construct-ion is provided with all of the marginal attaching portions ofthe wall plates disposed in an inner plane to conform to the manner of attaching the inwardly disposed plates of the prior lcar designs but with their central portions,

deflected outwardly to occupy a position substantially in the plane of the outer dimension of the car.

However, the teachings of said patent do notY readily apply to the type of car having underframes constructed for inside stakes which have their lower chords disposed with theirvertical flanges substantially in the plane of the loutside dimension of the car. Application of the teachings of said patent to the cars of the type last mentioned involves serious and undesirable alterations at the lower edges of the plates and necessitates undesirable openings or exposure of parts to permit the attachment ofv thelower edges of the side wall plates to themore widely spaced vertical flanges of the lower chord. If the undesirable openings through the plates fare to beV avoided, then the lowerV edgesof the stakes at,

the point of attachment to the lower chord must be exposed to the interior of the car, or if this is to be avoided, then somespecial expensive and unwanted covering plates or the like, must v be provided. l v

Accordingly, the present invention providesa side wall construction which is adapted for application to cars having their lowerframe chords.v

more widely spaced than are the chords of vthe car disclosed in said patent, whereby cars ofthis type may be built as new cars or the walls hereof may be applied to that type of car having maximum capacity with internalstakes to providelthe added advantage of protection of the stakes, without in any wise alteringor changing theunderframe construction. When this invention isapplied to previously existing cars it is only necessary to remove the old walls and apply the wall construction of this invention vwhich can beimmediately attached to the under chord and frame parts from which the old wall was removed. The original gusset plates placed internally of the car are perfectly adapted forattachment tothe new. wall and if desired, the upper chord; can also be used. Furthermore, the new wall constructionof.

this invention is provided with slanting shedding surfaces for all ofathe internally projecting portions thereof whereby complete and eflicient unloading of the car is realized when the car is inverted by unloading apparatus now in common use. l i

Thej nature of this invention be better understood by referring to thezaccoinpanying..

drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, one preferred embodiment thereof, and in which;

Figure 1 represents a side elevational view of the body of a hopper car constructed in accordance with this invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing a portion of the wall construction and taken on the line A-A of Figure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical cross sectional view taken on the line B-B of Figure l, and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing the wall construction taken on the line C-C of Figure l and looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Figure 5 is a perspective view with portions of the car, frame broken away and disclosing the construction of the side wall plate.

By' referring to the drawings it will be noted that the bottom chord II is in the form of an angle support with the vertical flange thereof positioned substantially in the plane of the maximum outward dimension of the car. The upper chord I2 is of usual construction having a downwardly extending flange I3, disposed inwardly for f attachment to the inner surface of the lstakes and to provide an attaching flange for the upper edge of the side wall plates which are disposed inwardly as clearly illustrated in Figure 5.

Side wall plates I 4 may be of any suitable width depending upon the desired construction of the car and as here illustrated, the three end plates are of less width than the central plates. It is preferable, but not necessary, that each of the plates be of sufficient width to occupy the space between stakes and therefore the width of the plates will be selected according to the number and spacing of the stakes required for the desired frame construction. Each of the plates has a top flange I5 disposed in the inner plane and side flanges I6 and I'I respectively, also disposedr in the inner plane and which are made continuous with the main panel I8 of the wall plate by orlsettingrsurfaces I9 and 20, preferably inclined, as shown. It is rhighly desirable to have the upper surface 20 inclined so as to provide the necessary shedding action when the car is inverted in the usual unloading operation.

The lower edge 2| of the plate is disposed in the same outer plane as the main panel I8. In other words, the panel continues straight downwardly and terminates at a point for ready attachment to the vertical flange of the lower chord I I. Side flanges I6 andl I`I are inclined outwardly at theirr lower portions as at 22 and 23 respectively, so as to continuously join with the lower edge 2I of the plate which is in the outer plane. As illustrated in Figure 2, it will be noted that the plates are adapted to bev placed side by side, to Vform the continuous wall of the car and are preferably mounted with their side flanges I 6 and II in overlapping relation and'attached by sultable `means, such as rivets 24, to the vertical stakes 25.

'Ine stakes of this invention are preferably constructed in the manner illustrated in the drawings so as to comprise an angle construction having a flange 25 in the inner plane for the attachment of the wall plates and the flange i3 of the upper chord I2, and an outwardly extending flange 21 which terminates in the tplane of the maximum permissible dimension of the car. It will be noted that the flange 21 extends slightly beyond 'the plane of the main panel I8 of the-- l 2,007,272 wall plates as a slight clearance ymust be left on the plates for rivet headsplates,` and thelike. Y

At the lower portion of the stakeftheflangc v25 is inclined outwardly as at 2B so as to terminate in an outer plane as at 29 for attachment to the verticalflange ofthe lower chord il.

' outer edge of the outwardly extending flange 2l', preferably continues straight down so as to pro- Vide a-reinforcement 3D forthe portion the stake. In order toadd additional strength, an enlargement 32 may beV provided along vthe edge of the flange 2l throughout the central and upper portion thereof.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5 inclusive, the inner plate 33 which is now utilized in the standard carprotected by paint or o-ther material which mayY be applied thereto. This narrow edge can be readily protected in practice so as to avoid exi posure of the frame parts to the `road in the cai'.

From the above construction, it will be noted that a car of substantially maximum capacityis provided by virtue of the fact that the wall plates are for the most part disposed inthe plane of the maximiun width of the car while at the same Y time, the sidewall stakes are exterior of the that the side wall plates extend directly down plates and are thereby entirely protected `from the 'contents ofthe car and the damage and deterio-V V ration occasioned when the stakes are placed in- '5 ternally.

Furthermore, this invention differs from the invention illustrated in Patent No. 1,628,591,

' above referred to in'that it is particularly adapted for the type ofcar having more widely spaced lower` chords of the type above referred to, so

wardly for attachment to the upper flange of the chord in a manner to afford a simple and eilicient construction with the stakes maintained externally of the walls. i

Although it is not specifically illustrated, it will readily appear that the wall construction here provided can be supported with the standard gus.-

set plates now installed in the type of car having' internal stakes and outwardly placedwall plates so that it is only necessary in converting standard V car constructions, toremove the old wall and attach the new wall construction. In newly con-V structed carsjno alteration is necessary in the '"1 underframe construction, gusset platesand like standard'parts, as the wall'lends itself perfectly to application to the standardY car constructions of the type referred to.; I claim:

1. In a railway car,"a wall construction com-..

prising stakes, a bottom chord having a portion disposed in a plane substantially at` the outer face of said stakes and a wall portion comprising a plate 'having its central and bottomedge portions disposed outwardly substantially in the Vplaneof the outerface of said stakes and inwardly and laterally extending side edge portions attached to the inner face of said stakes, said bottom edge portion beingattached to said portion stakes and attached to said stakes, and said wall having its bottom edge attached to said portion of said chord.

3; In a railway car, a wall construction comprising top and bottom chord members, side' stakes, and wall plates enclosing the spaces de lined by said chords and side stakes, '.said top chord having a vertical flange disposed substantially in the plane of the inner face of saidstakes and said,` bottom chord having a vertical flange disposed in a plane substantially at the outer face of said stakes, the top and bottom of said stakes being attached to said ilanges respectively and externally thereof, said wall plates having theirl main portions disposed substantially in the plane of the outerl face of said stakes with inturned top and side edges for attachment to said stakesand` the ange of said upper chord respectively and a lower edge disposed substantially in thev plane of i the mainV portion thereof and attachedV to said ilange of said lower chord member.`

4. A side stake for railway cars of the character described comprising an inner flange, and ar transverse flange at right angles to said inner ilange, said inner flange being adapted for attachment to a top chord member and a wall plate, saidiinner flange, at the bottom portion of said stake, extending diagonally outwardly .and terminating in a plane outwardly of the planeY of said inner ilange, and presenting means for attach-Y ment to a bottom chord in a plane near the plane of the outer edge of said stake.

5. A side stake for railway cars of the character described comprising an inner ange, and a transverse ilan'ge at right angles to said inner flange, said inner flange being adapted for attachment to a top chord member and a wall plate, said inner flange, at the bottom portion of said stake, extending diagonally outwardly and terminating in la plane outwardly of the plane of said inner ilange, and presenting means for attachment to a bottom chord in a plane near the plane of the outer edge of said stake, said transverse flange being provided throughout a portion of its length with a reinforcingenlargement on its outer edge.

6. A carside stake having a ilange at its innerplane forattachment of a side wall plate and a surface in a plane outwardly of its inner plane for attachment to a bottom-chord, said outer plane beinginear the outer plane of said stake.

'7. In a car of the character described, the corn- Vbination of a side stake and upper and lower chords, said'upper chord and stake having cooperating and attached portions in an inward plane and said lower chord having cooperating and attached portions in a plane outwardly of said` inwardplane.

8. In a car of the character described, the com' bination of a side stake and upper and lower chords, said upper chord and stake having cooperating and attached portions in an inward planeV and said lower chord having cooperatingV and attached portions in a plane outwardly of said inward plane, and means on said stake throughout a portion of its height for attachment of a wall plate at the inner plane thereof, and means at the bottom of said stake for attachment of said wall plate in said outer plane.

9. A wall for a railway car comprising an upper chord having a vertical flange, a lower chord having a vertical flange, said flangesxbeing inl edge disposed in a plane substantially 'at theouter. face of said stakes and being -provided with spaced portions at the location of said stakes in` a plane substantially at the inner face of saidV spaced apart parallel planes, and wall sheets at-y tached to said flanges respectively, the marginal portions of the sheets being substantially, in the plane of the upper flange Vfor the major portion of their length and in the plane of the lower flange for the remainder of their length, the central portions of the sheets between said marginal portions being substantially in the plane of the lower flange for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the upper ilange for the remainder of their length.

`10. .A wall for a railway car comprising an upper chord having a vertical ange, a lower chord having a Vertical flange, said iianges being in spaced apart parallel planes,.and wall sheets attached to said flanges respectively, the marginal portions of the sheets being substantially in the plane of the upper flange for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the lower flange for the remainder of their length, the central portions of the sheets between said marginal portions being substantially in the plane of the lower flange for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the upper flange for the remainder of their length, the marginal portions of adjacent sheets being secured together.

11. A wall for-a railway car comprising an upper chord having a vertical liange, a lower chord having a vertical flange, said flanges being in spaced apart parallel planes, wall sheets attached to said flanges respectively, the marginal portions of the sheets being substantially in the plane of the upper flange for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the lower flange for the remainder of their length, the central portions of the sheets between said marginal portions being substantially in the plane of the lower ilange for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the upper flange for the remainder of their length, and a stake having a middle part adjacent to and secured to the marginal portions of adjacent sheets, said stake being secured to the upper and lower chords respectively.

12. A wall for a railway car comprising an upper chord, a lower chord, and wall sheets, each sheet comprising marginal portions at the sides and top thereof and a central portion in a spaced apart substantially parallel plane, the lower parts of the side marginal portions merging into the plane of the central portion, the upper part of the central portion merging into the plane of the marginal portions, the top marginal portions of the wall sheets being secured to the top chord central portion merging into the plane of thev marginal portions, the top marginal portions of the wall sheets being secured to the top chord, the lower parts of the central portions of the wall sheets being secured to the lower chord and the side marginal portions of adjacent sheets being secured together.

14. A wall for a railway car comprising an upper chord having an attaching part, a lower chord having an attaching part, said parts being in spaced apart parallel planes, and wall sheets attached to said parts, respectively, the marginal portions of the sheets being substantially in the plane of the upper part for the major portion of their length and in the plane of lthc lower part for the remainder of their length, the central portions of the sheets between said marginal portions being substantially in the plane of the lower part for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the upper part for the remainder of their length, a stake secured to the upper and lower chords, respectively, and means to secure said marginal portions and the stalre together.

15. A wall for a railway car comprising an upper chord having an attaching part, a lower chord having an attaching part, said parts being in spaced apart parallel planes, and wall sheets attached to said parts, respectively, the marginal portions ofthe sheets being substantially in the plane of the upper part for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the lower part for the remainder of their length, the central portions of the sheets between said marginal portions being substantially in the plane of the lower part for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the upper part for the remainder of their length, and a stake secured to said chords, respectively, and to adjacent wail sheets.

16. A wall for a railway car comprising an upper chord having an attaching part, a lower chord having an attaching part, said parts being in spaced apart parallel planes, and wall sheets attached to said parts, respectively, the marginal portions of the sheets being substantially in the plane of one of said parts for the major portion of their length and in the plane of the other of said parts for the remainder of their length, the central portions of the sheets between said marginal portions being substantially in theplane of said other of said parts for the major part of their length and in the plane of the other of said parts for the remainder of their length, the major part of the length of the marginal portions and the central portions of said sheets respectively, being in different planes, and a stake secured to said chords, respectively, and to adjacent wall sheets.

1'7. In a railway car, a wall construction cornprising top and bottom chords and stakes, said stakes being attached to said chords, said bottom chord having a portion disposed in a plane substantially at the outer face of said stakes and a wall plate between said stake-s, said wall plate having substantially its entire main portion including its lower edge, in a plane substantially atv the outer face of said stakes and attached to the bottom chord, and being provided with inturned side and top edges attached to said stakes and top chord respectively.

' l DAVID HINDAHL.

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