US2007230A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

July 9, 1935. J. R. WADE 2,007,230

BOILER Filed Aug. a, 1935 2 sheets-Sheet 1 @wif im J. R.4 WADE July 9, 1935.

BOILER Filed Allg 8, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ji/ INVENTOR JHN ,Pass WDE B ATT RNEYS.

Patented July 9, 1935 UNITEDTSTATES vPMENT OFFICE Y l Y John Ross Wade, San Francisco, Calif.

Application August 8, 1933, Serial No. 684,254

4 Claims.

' `llfiepresent inventionrelates to improvements vin boilersy and its principal object is to vprovide a` boiler for generating steam of high or low pressure,` or for'hotwater heating systems, that :555 'isf comparativelysimple in construction, easy to i -in'g'water circulating therethrough.

f vA further objlectfof the invention is to provide nchests for water and steam at opposite vends of the tubesfor causing circulation of the water or steam through the tubes and to provide structural features allowing of easy assembling and dis- 'a'ss'embling, and of ready access to the tubes for cleaning and repair purposes.

further object of the'invention is to provide Ipartitions in the chests for causing the water and rstearato circulate, thehpartitions being arranged such a manner as to provide direct communiication withV the bottom ofthe chests `formed by the partitionsf f l l Further objects and advantages of my invention will appear as'the Vspecification proceeds;

The preferred form of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying-drawings, in which VFigure l shows' a front view of the boiler; Figure 2 avvert'ical section taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1 and f Figure 3 va transverse vertical section taken along line 3 3 of Figure 2.

While I have shown only `the preferred form of the invention," I wish to have it understood that various changes or modifications may be made within thescopeof the claims hereto attached without departing from the spirit of the invention. In its preferred'form the boiler comprises two spaced plates I and 2 interconnected by a3 plurality of tiers rof tubes 3 openat the ends. The tubes of one tier are arrangedinA staggered relation to those of the` adjacent tiersas shown in Figure 3, and the' tubes'ofeach tier are spaced from one another," the spacing betweenthe tubes of each tier' beingarranged in such a manner that the 'over-all space available for the circulation of `products of Y combustion between the tubes gradually `decreases from the bottom toward the top so as to substantially correspond to the decreasing volume of the products of combustiondue to heat'losses. This gradual decrease in the total steam leaves through the outlet 2|.

available space for the circulation of the products may be brought about in diiferent ways, as for instanceV by decreasing thejspacing betweenthe tiers from the bottom toward the top, or by decreasing the space between the individual tubes of each tier from bottom to top, by slightly increasing the diameter of the tube from bottom to top, by the use of smaller tubes such as indicated at 4 which may be increased in diameter from bottom to top, or by tapering theA surrounding housing @or combustion chamber.

The two plates I and 2 are supported on four legs 5 and front and rear plates 6 and 1 are secured tothe legs to form extensions of the plates I and 2 and reaching to the ilooror other supporting surface for the boiler, The front 'plate 6 is .provided with a removable door 8 through whichv the burner 9 with its Venturi tube IIJ may be inserted, the burner restingron an angle iron n from the plate I or 2 respectively'by means of a wall I'I and held to the plate I or 2 by means of stud bolts I8. Within `each of the twochests I vprovide a number of partitions I9 toI direct the ow of the water back and forth through the tubes in the direction of the arrows shown in Figure 2.

Water is introduced into one of the lowermost chest sections through the intake pipe 2E, and

'Ihe partitions IS asrindicated in Figure 1 do not all completely separate one chestsection 'from the other, but the lowermost partition I9 is made to provide a restricted communication between the first chest section 22 and the second chest section 23 as indicated at 24, while the second partition I 9 also provides arestricted communication 25 between the third chest section 26 and the `lowermost chest section 22. This direct communication between the rstsection of the chest and the second section, and between the third sectionv of the chest and the first section serves the purpose of allowing water from the second and third'sections to separate from steam formed in those sections and to return to the rst section while the steam advances in regular circulation through the tube.

, The two plates I and 2k are interconnected by a shell 21 which surrounds all the tubes and the burner, and thus forms with the plates a closed combustion chamber through which all the products of combustion have to rise in heat exchange relation with the tubes to be finally discharged through the stack 28` The shell 21 presents straight vertical side walls 29, the upper ends of which taper inwardly as shown at 3B and are connected by a horizontal top 3l. The taper 3U of the shell may be used for decreasing the overall space available for the passing of the products of combustion in the manner previously described. Toward the botto-m the vertical walls 29 of the shell taper inwardly as at 32 to extend within close proximity of the burner indicated at 9. The walls are preferably lined with refractory material indicated at 33. f

The nrst shell 21 is surrounded by a second shell 34 fastened to the edges of the plates l and 2 and spaced from the rst shell so as to form a conduit 35 therewith on each side of the boiler. The conduit is divided into two sections by a partition 3S extending substantially midway through the conduit froma point 35 a slight distance from the center line of the boiler through the inclined section of the conduit to a point 31 at the upper end of the Vertical portion of the conduit. At this point the partition has hingedtheretoa swingable partition 38 which extends substantially to the bottom of the conduit, paralleling in one position the inner shell 21. This swingable partition, however, may be adjusted by means of a handle 39 pivoted to the swingable partition as at 40, and adapted to be secured in adjusted position by means of a bolt 4l passing through a slot 42 of the handle and adapted to be tightened by means of a wing nut 43. A flexible sheet of asbestos cloth 43 is attached to the inner surface of wall 34 and to the outer surface of wall 38 to prevent 'pair from passing around the bottom of the wall 38. Air may be admitted into the conduit through a series of holes 44 in the outer shell 34 and an elongated aperture 45 in a small auxiliary housing 46 paralleling the lower portion of the boiler. It will be noted from the arrows in Figure 3 that air enters from the outside through the elongated aperture 45, then passes through the openings 44 in the outershell into the outer section ofthe condiut through which it passes upwardly in heat exchange relation with the partition 38 and 36,' whereupon it turns around the upper edge of the partition and descends downwardly through the inner section of the conduit until it is finally discharged toward the source of heat. The ilexible sheets 43 cause the air to take this path. It will be understood that the shell 21 naturally will be hotter than the partitions 38 and 36, so that the air, while rising through the outer chamber, will absorb some heat from the partitions 38 and 36, and on return through the inner section of the conduit will absorb further heat units from the heated wall of the inner shell. During this process the air gradually heats toa desired temperature while passing through the conduit, and the heated air expands in volume the closer it comes to the source of heat. It is desirable to arrange the cross-sectional area of the conduit so that it increases from one end to the other to correspond substantially to the increase in the volume of the air due to absorption of heat units and to accomplish the object I provide the adjustable partition. When the partition 38 is swung to the left as seen in Figure 3 and fastened in such position, the entrance to the outer section of the conduit isV narrow and the cross-section increases gradually toward the point 31. The cross-section will remain substantially the same in that portion of the conduit above the point 31 but going down from this point the cross-section will again gradually increase until the air is finally discharged at the source of heat so that as a whole the two sections of the conduit provide a gradual increase in cross-section from one end to the other and corresponding substantially to the increase in volume of the air.

The advantages of the outlined construction will be readily understood. The air is pre-heated before reaching the source of heat and the ow of 'the air is regulated to be substantially uniform by means of the swingable partition 38. On the other hand thespacing between the circulation tubes is decreased from bottom to top to correspond to the decrease in volume of the products of combustion due to loss of heat units so that in the entire system the fluid passages are substantially adjusted to correspond to the requirements of the fluid for insuring a l'uniform flow through the entire boiler from the outside atmosphere to the stack through which the products of combuston are eventually discharged. This results in a low stack temperature.

The water circulation through the tubes and the chests is arranged to proceed rapidly which causes a quick heating of the water and reduces scale formation. Any scale that is formed will End its way into the chests from which it may be easily removed. A certain amount of water can enter directly from one of the sections of the chest into the other through the respective passages 24 and 25, whereby certain diierences in temperature may be equalized.

The plates may be easily removed and with these plates removed easy access may be had to the tubes for cleaning purposes.

A suitable water gauge not shown may be supported between the pipes 41 and 48, a. steam gauge may be attached to the pipe 49, a. blow-off pipe may be provided at 50, and if the steam, after having been used is to be returned to the boiler in the form of condensed Water, it may be reintroduced through the feed pipe 5l A safety valve 52 connects with the top of the back chest.

I claim:

1. In a boiler, two plates, a plurality of tubes connecting the same and supporting them in` spaced and parallel relation, al shell connecting the plates so as to form a combustion chamber therewith, a source of heat in the combustion chamber below the tubes, a stack for the chamber, header plates on opposite sides of each of the First plates, a wall spacing each header plate from its companion plate so as to form a chest at opposite ends of the combustion chamber, means for admitting water into one of the chests and partitions in the steam chests arranged to provide a vertical series of chest sections at each end and to cause water to circulate in a tortuous passage'through the tubes, the partitions being arranged to provide for restricted direct communication between upper and lower chest sections.

2. In a boiler, a combuston chamber, a plurality of tubes arranged in vertically spaced tiers, a sourcel of heat below the tiers, and chests at opposite ends of the tubes and having vertically spaced horizontal partitions for forming a vertical series of chest sections at each end arranged to guide Water through the tiers of tubes in a circuitous path, some of the partitions having foreshortened edges to afford restricted communication between different sections of the same chest.

3. Ina boiler, a combustion chamber, a plurality of tubes arranged in vertically spaced tiers, a source of heat below the tiers, and chests at opposite ends of rthe tubes and having vertically spaced horizontal partitions for forming a vertical series of chest sections at each end arranged to guide water through the tiers of tubes in a circuitous path, Asome of the partitions having foreshortened edges, and anges depending from the edges for affording restricted communication between different sections of the same chest.

4. In a boiler, a combustion chamber, a plurality of tubes arranged in vertically spaced tiers,

a source of heat below the tiers, and chests at opposite ends of the tubes and having vertically spaced horizontal partitions for forming a vertical series of chest sections at each end arranged to guide Water through the tiers of tubes in a circuitous path, some of the partitions having foreshortened edges, kand flanges depending from the edges for affording restricted communication between diferent sections kof the same chest, the flanges of partitions overlying the lowermost'partition being dimensioned to lead directly past intermediate chest sectionsto the lowermost section.

JOHN ROSS WADE.

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