US20070221370A1 - Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit - Google Patents
Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit Download PDFInfo
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- US20070221370A1 US20070221370A1 US11/687,883 US68788307A US2007221370A1 US 20070221370 A1 US20070221370 A1 US 20070221370A1 US 68788307 A US68788307 A US 68788307A US 2007221370 A1 US2007221370 A1 US 2007221370A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- truck
- control unit
- climate control
- engine
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00421—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
- B60H1/00428—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00378—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for tractor or load vehicle cabins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to vehicle electrical power supply systems, and more particularly to vehicle electrical power supply systems that are adapted to supply power to vehicle-mounted heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems when the vehicle's engine is not running.
- HVAC heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
- a truck including an alternator having a direct current electrical power output.
- the truck also includes an inverter having an alternating current electrical power output, and a battery.
- the truck further includes a day cab forming an interior space and a climate control unit for conditioning the interior space of the day cab.
- the climate control unit has a conditioning capacity rating that is not greater than 7,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/hr).
- the climate control unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source.
- the climate control unit is powered by the alternator through the inverter when an engine of the truck is running and powered by the battery through the inverter when the engine is not running.
- a truck including an alternator having a three-phase alternating current electrical power output.
- a power converter converts the three-phase alternating current electrical power output from the alternator into a single-phase alternating current electrical power output and a direct current electrical power output.
- the truck further includes an inverter having an alternating current electrical power output and a battery.
- a day cab on the truck forms an interior space.
- a climate control unit conditions the interior space of the day cab.
- the climate control unit has a conditioning capacity rating that is not greater than 10,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/hr).
- the climate control unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source.
- the climate control unit is powered by the alternator through the power converter when an engine of the truck is running and powered by the battery through the inverter when the engine is not running.
- a truck including an engine, an alternator driven by the engine, and a starter motor for starting the engine.
- the truck further includes an inverter having an alternating current electrical power output.
- a day cab on the truck forms an interior space.
- a climate control unit conditions the interior space of the day cab.
- the climate control unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source.
- the climate control unit is powered by the alternator through the inverter when the engine is running.
- a battery for supplying electrical energy to the starter motor also supplies electrical energy to the climate control unit through the inverter, to power the climate control unit when the engine is not running.
- the method includes the step of providing the truck.
- the truck includes an alternator having a direct current electrical power output.
- the truck also includes a battery, and a day cab forming an interior space.
- a heating system heats the interior space of the day cab and an air conditioning system cools the interior space of the day cab.
- the method further includes the step of installing an inverter on the truck.
- the inverter has an alternating current electrical power output.
- the method further includes the step of installing an auxiliary HVAC unit on the truck.
- the auxiliary HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating that is not greater than 7,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/hr).
- the auxiliary HVAC unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source.
- the auxiliary HVAC unit is powered by the battery through the inverter when an engine of the truck is not running.
- a method including the step of providing a truck.
- the truck includes an engine, an alternator driven by the engine, and a starter motor for starting the engine.
- the truck also includes an inverter having an alternating current electrical power output and a battery for supplying electrical energy to the starter motor.
- a day cab on the truck forms an interior space.
- a heating system heats the interior space of the day cab and an air conditioner cools the interior space of the day cab.
- the method further includes the step of selecting an auxiliary climate control unit for conditioning the interior space of the day cab.
- the auxiliary climate control unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source.
- the method further includes the step of installing the auxiliary climate control unit on the truck so that the climate control unit is powered by the alternator through the inverter when the engine is running and powered by the battery through the inverter when the engine is not running.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a truck having a day cab
- FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply system for a vehicle-mounted HVAC unit.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply system for a vehicle-mounted HVAC unit.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply system for a vehicle-mounted HVAC unit.
- a vehicle electrical power supply system for supplying power to a vehicle-mounted HVAC unit.
- the system is adapted to supply power to the HVAC unit when the vehicle's engine is running or not running. Accordingly, the power supply system allows the HVAC unit to be operated without idling the engine when the vehicle is parked.
- HVAC unit and “climate control unit” refer generally to a device for conditioning a space, which can include one or more of the following functions: heating, cooling, ventilating, air handling, humidifying, and dehumidifying.
- HVAC unit and “climate control unit” are used interchangeably.
- the term “truck” refers to a self-propelled vehicle, having an internal combustion engine, for transporting various things (e.g., freight, livestock, etc.).
- the term “truck” includes a highway tractor that is adapted to pull a semitrailer.
- An example truck 1 is shown in FIG. 1 .
- the truck 1 includes a day cab 2 .
- the day cab 2 is a truck cab having no driver sleeping compartment.
- a truck cab that includes a driver sleeping compartment is conventionally known as a “sleeper cab.”
- the day cab 2 is smaller than a sleeper cab because it lacks a sleeping compartment.
- the day cab 2 forms an interior space.
- An HVAC system conditions the interior space within the day cab 2 .
- the HVAC system may be an auxiliary HVAC unit that is auxiliary to the truck's main heating and air conditioning system.
- the auxiliary HVAC unit is sized specifically to effectively condition the interior space within the day cab 2 . That is, the heating, cooling, ventilating, air handling, humidifying and/or dehumidifying capacity of the day cab HVAC unit is designed specifically to condition a space within a day cab. Because a day cab HVAC unit is designed to condition a smaller space than a sleeper cab HVAC unit, the day cab HVAC unit consumes less energy when running.
- the day cab HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating, for example, a cooling capacity rating, that is not greater than 10,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/hr) or 2,930 watts (W). In an example embodiment, the day cab HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating that is not greater than 7,000 Btu/hr or 2,051 W. In an example embodiment, the day cab HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating that equals 10,000 Btu/hr or 2,930 W. In an example embodiment, the day cab HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating that equals 7,000 Btu/hr or 2,051 W.
- An HVAC unit for a day cab can be chosen based on the volume of the interior space of the day cab and the conditioning capacity ratings of available HVAC units. For example, the smallest effective HVAC unit (e.g., the unit having the smallest suitable conditioning capacity rating) can be chosen for a day cab so that a minimum amount of energy is required to operate the HVAC unit. Such an HVAC unit may be ineffective to adequately condition the interior space of a sleeper cab, which is larger than the day cab.
- the HVAC unit 3 can be a day cab HVAC unit, such as an auxiliary day cab HVAC unit.
- the HVAC unit 3 is shown as being supplied by 120 Volts, alternating current (Vac).
- Vac alternating current
- the HVAC unit could be adapted to be supplied by other and/or multiple voltages, such as 110 Vac, 240 Vac, or 220 Vac, for example.
- An inverter 4 supplies approximately 120 Vac to the HVAC unit 3 .
- the inverter 4 converts a direct current voltage (Vdc) to an ac voltage for use by the HVAC unit 3 .
- Vdc direct current voltage
- the inverter 4 converts a dc voltage of approximately 12 Vdc to 120 Vac for use by the HVAC unit 3 .
- An inverter 4 could be chosen depending on the available dc input voltage and desired ac output voltage, and the invention discussed herein is not limited to a particular inverter 4 or particular ac or dc voltage levels.
- the inverter 4 can be a modified sine wave inverter or a pure sine wave inverter.
- Example inverters are rated at 1,800 Watt, 2,000 Watt, 2,500 Watt, and 3000 Watt, respectively.
- a battery 5 is connected to the inverter, to supply the dc input voltage to the inverter 4 .
- the battery 5 is a starting battery for the engine and includes additional batteries to form a battery bank.
- the primary purpose of a starting battery or starting battery bank is to supply electrical energy to the truck's starter motor (not shown), for starting the truck's engine.
- the starting battery can be configured supply electrical energy to various loads, such as a stereo, interior lights, the HVAC unit 3 , etc.
- the battery 5 supplies electrical energy at approximately 12 Vdc to the inverter.
- the inverter 4 includes a low voltage cut-out circuit to prevent discharging of the battery 5 to an undesirable level, for example to a level at which the truck's engine cannot be started.
- An example cut-out voltage level is 10.5 Vdc.
- the inverter's cut-out circuit can be remotely controlled via a control input at the inverter.
- a control signal e.g., a contact closure or a voltage signal
- the control signal can be provided by the HVAC unit 3 , which operates intermittently to heat or cool the interior of the day cab 2 , so that the cut-out circuit prevents discharging of the battery 5 whenever the HVAC unit 3 does not need to operate.
- Example batteries are deep-cycle absorbed glass mat type batteries and flooded lead-acid type batteries.
- Example batteries are rated at 75 Ampere-hours (Ah) or less.
- the batteries have an appropriate Ampere-hour rating for allowing operation of the HVAC unit 3 for a duration of 3 hours or less while the truck's engine is not running. It is to be appreciated that batteries can be selected, based on their Ampere-hour rating, for allowing operation of the HVAC unit 3 for a duration exceeding 3 hours.
- the truck includes a battery box for holding the battery 5 or battery bank.
- the battery box can be mounted to a frame rail of the truck.
- the inverter 4 is mounted within the battery box along with the battery 5 .
- An alternator for example, a high capacity alternator 6
- a high capacity alternator 6 is driven by the truck's engine and provides a dc charging voltage for the starting battery bank 5 when the truck's engine is running.
- the truck's original alternator can be replaced with a high capacity alternator 6 , if desired.
- the alternator 6 can have a current rating that is greater than 135 Amps, such as 185 Amps or 200 Amps, and the alternator can have an external regulator.
- the HVAC unit 3 When the truck's engine is running, the HVAC unit 3 is supplied by approximately 120 Vac from the inverter 4 .
- the inverter 4 is supplied by approximately 12 Vdc from the alternator 6 via the inverter's connection to battery bank 5 .
- the battery bank 5 is charged by the alternator 6 while the engine is running.
- the HVAC unit 3 When the truck's engine is not running, the HVAC unit 3 is supplied by the inverter 4 , which is supplied by the battery bank 5 . However, because the truck's engine is not running, the battery bank 5 is not charged by the alternator 6 .
- the inverter 4 is adapted to receive an ac input from a power source external to the truck, such as a source of utility power or an external generator, for example. This is shown in FIG. 2 as a 120 Vac shore power source 7 . Other shore power voltage levels could be supplied to the inverter 4 , for example, 240 Vac. In an embodiment, the inverter 4 transforms a shore power voltage level to a voltage level suitable for use by the HVAC unit 3 . When connected to the shore power source 7 , the inverter 4 supplies the HVAC unit 3 with electrical power from the shore power source 7 .
- the electrical power system includes an optional house battery bank 8 in addition to the starting battery bank 5 .
- the house battery bank 8 is a bank of batteries that is dedicated to serving “house” loads when the truck's engine is not running.
- Example house loads include the HVAC unit 3 , stereo equipment, a coffee maker, etc.
- the house battery bank allows house loads to be operated when the truck's engine is not running, without discharging the starting battery bank 5 .
- Example house batteries are deep-cycle absorbed glass mat type batteries and flooded lead-acid type batteries.
- the house battery bank 8 is connected to the inverter 4 .
- the HVAC unit 3 When the truck's engine is not running, the HVAC unit 3 is supplied by the house battery bank 8 through the inverter 4 . Accordingly, the HVAC unit 3 does not discharge the starting battery bank 5 when the truck's engine is not running.
- a battery separator or isolator 9 interconnects the starting battery bank 5 and the optional house battery bank 8 and allows the alternator to charge the house battery bank 8 when the engine is running, but prevents discharge of the starting battery bank 5 by the HVAC unit 3 when the engine is not running.
- the battery separator or isolator 9 can include a current-blocking device to prevent undesired current flow between the starting battery bank 5 and the house battery bank 8 .
- the battery separator or isolator 9 can include diodes to prevent undesired current flow.
- the battery separator or isolator 9 can also include controlled switching devices to prevent undesired current flow, such as relays, solenoids, contactors, transistors, and the like.
- the battery separator or isolator 9 can prevent the flow of current from the starting battery bank to the house battery bank 8 .
- the inverter 4 also functions as a battery charger.
- the inverter 4 When the inverter 4 is connected to shore power 5 , the inverter supplies a charging voltage to the starting battery bank 5 and/or the house battery bank 8 .
- the alternator 6 produces three-phase, ac power.
- the alternator produces approximately 42 Vac, three-phase power.
- the alternator 6 supplies three-phase ac power to a power converter 10 .
- the power converter 10 converts three-phase ac power from the alternator 6 to a dc voltage, for example, approximately 12 Vdc, to charge the starting battery bank 5 , and an ac voltage, for example, approximately 120 Vac, to supply power to the HVAC unit 3 .
- An example power converter 10 is sold under the tradename MOBILE POWER GENERATOR MPG-30.
- the power converter 10 supplies converted power from the alternator 6 to the starting battery bank 5 and HVAC unit 3 when the truck's engine is running. When the truck's engine is not running, the power converter 10 does not supply power to the starting battery bank 5 or the HVAC unit 3 .
- the system of FIG. 4 includes a house battery bank 8 connected to the starting battery bank 5 through a battery separator or isolator 9 .
- the house battery bank 8 is connected to an inverter 4 , which is connected to the HVAC unit 3 .
- the power converter 10 does not supply power to the HVAC unit 3 .
- the inverter 4 supplies power to the HVAC unit 3 from the house battery bank 8 .
- the inverter 4 can be adapted to receive shore power 7 to supply power to the HVAC unit 3 .
- the inverter 4 can also function as a battery charger as described above with respect to FIG. 3 .
- the power converter 10 includes an integral inverter (not shown) for supplying ac power to the HVAC unit 3 from the starting battery bank 5 and/or a house battery bank 8 .
- the power converter's 8 integral inverter allows the power converter 10 to supply ac power to the HVAC unit 3 even when the truck's engine is not running.
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/784,336, filed Mar. 21, 2006, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates generally to vehicle electrical power supply systems, and more particularly to vehicle electrical power supply systems that are adapted to supply power to vehicle-mounted heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems when the vehicle's engine is not running.
- In accordance with one aspect, provided is a truck including an alternator having a direct current electrical power output. The truck also includes an inverter having an alternating current electrical power output, and a battery. The truck further includes a day cab forming an interior space and a climate control unit for conditioning the interior space of the day cab. The climate control unit has a conditioning capacity rating that is not greater than 7,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/hr). The climate control unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source. The climate control unit is powered by the alternator through the inverter when an engine of the truck is running and powered by the battery through the inverter when the engine is not running.
- In accordance with another aspect, provided is a truck including an alternator having a three-phase alternating current electrical power output. A power converter converts the three-phase alternating current electrical power output from the alternator into a single-phase alternating current electrical power output and a direct current electrical power output. The truck further includes an inverter having an alternating current electrical power output and a battery. A day cab on the truck forms an interior space. A climate control unit conditions the interior space of the day cab. The climate control unit has a conditioning capacity rating that is not greater than 10,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/hr). The climate control unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source. The climate control unit is powered by the alternator through the power converter when an engine of the truck is running and powered by the battery through the inverter when the engine is not running.
- Further provided is a truck including an engine, an alternator driven by the engine, and a starter motor for starting the engine. The truck further includes an inverter having an alternating current electrical power output. A day cab on the truck forms an interior space. A climate control unit conditions the interior space of the day cab. The climate control unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source. The climate control unit is powered by the alternator through the inverter when the engine is running. A battery for supplying electrical energy to the starter motor also supplies electrical energy to the climate control unit through the inverter, to power the climate control unit when the engine is not running.
- Further provided is a method of modifying a truck. The method includes the step of providing the truck. The truck includes an alternator having a direct current electrical power output. The truck also includes a battery, and a day cab forming an interior space. A heating system heats the interior space of the day cab and an air conditioning system cools the interior space of the day cab. The method further includes the step of installing an inverter on the truck. The inverter has an alternating current electrical power output. The method further includes the step of installing an auxiliary HVAC unit on the truck. The auxiliary HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating that is not greater than 7,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/hr). The auxiliary HVAC unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source. The auxiliary HVAC unit is powered by the battery through the inverter when an engine of the truck is not running.
- Further provided is a method including the step of providing a truck. The truck includes an engine, an alternator driven by the engine, and a starter motor for starting the engine. The truck also includes an inverter having an alternating current electrical power output and a battery for supplying electrical energy to the starter motor. A day cab on the truck forms an interior space. A heating system heats the interior space of the day cab and an air conditioner cools the interior space of the day cab. The method further includes the step of selecting an auxiliary climate control unit for conditioning the interior space of the day cab. The auxiliary climate control unit is adapted to be powered by an alternating current electrical source. The method further includes the step of installing the auxiliary climate control unit on the truck so that the climate control unit is powered by the alternator through the inverter when the engine is running and powered by the battery through the inverter when the engine is not running.
-
FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a truck having a day cab; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply system for a vehicle-mounted HVAC unit; and -
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply system for a vehicle-mounted HVAC unit; and -
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply system for a vehicle-mounted HVAC unit. - Described herein is a vehicle electrical power supply system for supplying power to a vehicle-mounted HVAC unit. The system is adapted to supply power to the HVAC unit when the vehicle's engine is running or not running. Accordingly, the power supply system allows the HVAC unit to be operated without idling the engine when the vehicle is parked.
- As used herein, the terms “HVAC unit” and “climate control unit” refer generally to a device for conditioning a space, which can include one or more of the following functions: heating, cooling, ventilating, air handling, humidifying, and dehumidifying. The terms “HVAC unit” and “climate control unit” are used interchangeably.
- As used herein, the term “truck” refers to a self-propelled vehicle, having an internal combustion engine, for transporting various things (e.g., freight, livestock, etc.). The term “truck” includes a highway tractor that is adapted to pull a semitrailer. An example truck 1 is shown in
FIG. 1 . The truck 1 includes a day cab 2. The day cab 2 is a truck cab having no driver sleeping compartment. A truck cab that includes a driver sleeping compartment is conventionally known as a “sleeper cab.” The day cab 2 is smaller than a sleeper cab because it lacks a sleeping compartment. - The day cab 2 forms an interior space. An HVAC system conditions the interior space within the day cab 2. The HVAC system may be an auxiliary HVAC unit that is auxiliary to the truck's main heating and air conditioning system. In an embodiment, the auxiliary HVAC unit is sized specifically to effectively condition the interior space within the day cab 2. That is, the heating, cooling, ventilating, air handling, humidifying and/or dehumidifying capacity of the day cab HVAC unit is designed specifically to condition a space within a day cab. Because a day cab HVAC unit is designed to condition a smaller space than a sleeper cab HVAC unit, the day cab HVAC unit consumes less energy when running.
- In an example embodiment, the day cab HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating, for example, a cooling capacity rating, that is not greater than 10,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/hr) or 2,930 watts (W). In an example embodiment, the day cab HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating that is not greater than 7,000 Btu/hr or 2,051 W. In an example embodiment, the day cab HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating that equals 10,000 Btu/hr or 2,930 W. In an example embodiment, the day cab HVAC unit has a conditioning capacity rating that equals 7,000 Btu/hr or 2,051 W.
- An HVAC unit for a day cab can be chosen based on the volume of the interior space of the day cab and the conditioning capacity ratings of available HVAC units. For example, the smallest effective HVAC unit (e.g., the unit having the smallest suitable conditioning capacity rating) can be chosen for a day cab so that a minimum amount of energy is required to operate the HVAC unit. Such an HVAC unit may be ineffective to adequately condition the interior space of a sleeper cab, which is larger than the day cab.
- A power system for a vehicle-mounted HVAC system is shown schematically in
FIG. 2 . TheHVAC unit 3 can be a day cab HVAC unit, such as an auxiliary day cab HVAC unit. TheHVAC unit 3 is shown as being supplied by 120 Volts, alternating current (Vac). However, the HVAC unit could be adapted to be supplied by other and/or multiple voltages, such as 110 Vac, 240 Vac, or 220 Vac, for example. - An inverter 4 supplies approximately 120 Vac to the
HVAC unit 3. The inverter 4 converts a direct current voltage (Vdc) to an ac voltage for use by theHVAC unit 3. In an embodiment, the inverter 4 converts a dc voltage of approximately 12 Vdc to 120 Vac for use by theHVAC unit 3. An inverter 4 could be chosen depending on the available dc input voltage and desired ac output voltage, and the invention discussed herein is not limited to a particular inverter 4 or particular ac or dc voltage levels. The inverter 4 can be a modified sine wave inverter or a pure sine wave inverter. Example inverters are rated at 1,800 Watt, 2,000 Watt, 2,500 Watt, and 3000 Watt, respectively. - A
battery 5 is connected to the inverter, to supply the dc input voltage to the inverter 4. In an embodiment, and as shown inFIG. 2 , thebattery 5 is a starting battery for the engine and includes additional batteries to form a battery bank. The primary purpose of a starting battery or starting battery bank is to supply electrical energy to the truck's starter motor (not shown), for starting the truck's engine. However, when the truck's engine is not running, the starting battery can be configured supply electrical energy to various loads, such as a stereo, interior lights, theHVAC unit 3, etc. As shown inFIG. 2 , thebattery 5 supplies electrical energy at approximately 12 Vdc to the inverter. - The inverter 4 includes a low voltage cut-out circuit to prevent discharging of the
battery 5 to an undesirable level, for example to a level at which the truck's engine cannot be started. An example cut-out voltage level is 10.5 Vdc. When the battery voltage drops to or below 10.5 Vdc, the inverter prevents further discharging of the battery through the inverter. In an embodiment, the inverter's cut-out circuit can be remotely controlled via a control input at the inverter. For example, a control signal (e.g., a contact closure or a voltage signal) can be monitored by the inverter, and operations of the cut-out circuit controlled based on the state of the control signal. The control signal can be provided by theHVAC unit 3, which operates intermittently to heat or cool the interior of the day cab 2, so that the cut-out circuit prevents discharging of thebattery 5 whenever theHVAC unit 3 does not need to operate. - Example batteries are deep-cycle absorbed glass mat type batteries and flooded lead-acid type batteries. Example batteries are rated at 75 Ampere-hours (Ah) or less. In an embodiment, the batteries have an appropriate Ampere-hour rating for allowing operation of the
HVAC unit 3 for a duration of 3 hours or less while the truck's engine is not running. It is to be appreciated that batteries can be selected, based on their Ampere-hour rating, for allowing operation of theHVAC unit 3 for a duration exceeding 3 hours. - In an embodiment, the truck includes a battery box for holding the
battery 5 or battery bank. The battery box can be mounted to a frame rail of the truck. In an embodiment, the inverter 4 is mounted within the battery box along with thebattery 5. - An alternator, for example, a high capacity alternator 6, is driven by the truck's engine and provides a dc charging voltage for the starting
battery bank 5 when the truck's engine is running. The truck's original alternator can be replaced with a high capacity alternator 6, if desired. The alternator 6 can have a current rating that is greater than 135 Amps, such as 185 Amps or 200 Amps, and the alternator can have an external regulator. - When the truck's engine is running, the
HVAC unit 3 is supplied by approximately 120 Vac from the inverter 4. The inverter 4 is supplied by approximately 12 Vdc from the alternator 6 via the inverter's connection tobattery bank 5. Thebattery bank 5 is charged by the alternator 6 while the engine is running. - When the truck's engine is not running, the
HVAC unit 3 is supplied by the inverter 4, which is supplied by thebattery bank 5. However, because the truck's engine is not running, thebattery bank 5 is not charged by the alternator 6. - In an embodiment, the inverter 4 is adapted to receive an ac input from a power source external to the truck, such as a source of utility power or an external generator, for example. This is shown in
FIG. 2 as a 120 Vac shore power source 7. Other shore power voltage levels could be supplied to the inverter 4, for example, 240 Vac. In an embodiment, the inverter 4 transforms a shore power voltage level to a voltage level suitable for use by theHVAC unit 3. When connected to the shore power source 7, the inverter 4 supplies theHVAC unit 3 with electrical power from the shore power source 7. - In an embodiment, the electrical power system includes an optional
house battery bank 8 in addition to the startingbattery bank 5. Thehouse battery bank 8 is a bank of batteries that is dedicated to serving “house” loads when the truck's engine is not running. Example house loads include theHVAC unit 3, stereo equipment, a coffee maker, etc. The house battery bank allows house loads to be operated when the truck's engine is not running, without discharging the startingbattery bank 5. Example house batteries are deep-cycle absorbed glass mat type batteries and flooded lead-acid type batteries. - The
house battery bank 8 is connected to the inverter 4. When the truck's engine is not running, theHVAC unit 3 is supplied by thehouse battery bank 8 through the inverter 4. Accordingly, theHVAC unit 3 does not discharge the startingbattery bank 5 when the truck's engine is not running. A battery separator orisolator 9 interconnects the startingbattery bank 5 and the optionalhouse battery bank 8 and allows the alternator to charge thehouse battery bank 8 when the engine is running, but prevents discharge of the startingbattery bank 5 by theHVAC unit 3 when the engine is not running. The battery separator orisolator 9 can include a current-blocking device to prevent undesired current flow between the startingbattery bank 5 and thehouse battery bank 8. For example, the battery separator orisolator 9 can include diodes to prevent undesired current flow. The battery separator orisolator 9 can also include controlled switching devices to prevent undesired current flow, such as relays, solenoids, contactors, transistors, and the like. The battery separator orisolator 9 can prevent the flow of current from the starting battery bank to thehouse battery bank 8. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 3 , the inverter 4 also functions as a battery charger. When the inverter 4 is connected to shorepower 5, the inverter supplies a charging voltage to the startingbattery bank 5 and/or thehouse battery bank 8. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 4 , the alternator 6 produces three-phase, ac power. For example, the alternator produces approximately 42 Vac, three-phase power. The alternator 6 supplies three-phase ac power to apower converter 10. Thepower converter 10 converts three-phase ac power from the alternator 6 to a dc voltage, for example, approximately 12 Vdc, to charge the startingbattery bank 5, and an ac voltage, for example, approximately 120 Vac, to supply power to theHVAC unit 3. Anexample power converter 10 is sold under the tradename MOBILE POWER GENERATOR MPG-30. Thepower converter 10 supplies converted power from the alternator 6 to the startingbattery bank 5 andHVAC unit 3 when the truck's engine is running. When the truck's engine is not running, thepower converter 10 does not supply power to the startingbattery bank 5 or theHVAC unit 3. - The system of
FIG. 4 includes ahouse battery bank 8 connected to the startingbattery bank 5 through a battery separator orisolator 9. Thehouse battery bank 8 is connected to an inverter 4, which is connected to theHVAC unit 3. When the truck's engine is not running, thepower converter 10 does not supply power to theHVAC unit 3. Instead, the inverter 4 supplies power to theHVAC unit 3 from thehouse battery bank 8. The inverter 4 can be adapted to receive shore power 7 to supply power to theHVAC unit 3. The inverter 4 can also function as a battery charger as described above with respect toFIG. 3 . - In an embodiment, the
power converter 10 includes an integral inverter (not shown) for supplying ac power to theHVAC unit 3 from the startingbattery bank 5 and/or ahouse battery bank 8. The power converter's 8 integral inverter allows thepower converter 10 to supply ac power to theHVAC unit 3 even when the truck's engine is not running. - It should be evident that this disclosure is by way of example and that various changes may be made by adding, modifying or eliminating details without departing from the fair scope of the teaching contained in this disclosure. The invention is therefore not limited to particular details of this disclosure except to the extent that the following claims are necessarily so limited.
Claims (28)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/687,883 US20070221370A1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-19 | Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit |
US13/855,244 US9610824B2 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2013-04-02 | Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US78433606P | 2006-03-21 | 2006-03-21 | |
US11/687,883 US20070221370A1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-19 | Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/855,244 Division US9610824B2 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2013-04-02 | Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit |
Publications (1)
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US20070221370A1 true US20070221370A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
Family
ID=38520954
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US11/687,883 Abandoned US20070221370A1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-19 | Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit |
US13/855,244 Expired - Fee Related US9610824B2 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2013-04-02 | Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/855,244 Expired - Fee Related US9610824B2 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2013-04-02 | Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20070221370A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2582209A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007003288A (en) |
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WO2009089160A2 (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-16 | Idle Free Systems, Llc | Charge circuit systems and methods of using the same |
US20090206661A1 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2009-08-20 | Paul Baumann | Daycab auxiliary power conversion apparatus |
US7740485B1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-06-22 | Edwards Jr Russell J | Electric power interrupt control |
WO2010104960A1 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-16 | Thermo King Corporation | Systems and methods of powering a refrigeration unit of a hybrid vehicle |
US20110016894A1 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-01-27 | Hammond Air Conditioning Ltd. | Truck Air Conditioner for Keeping Cabin Temperature Comfortable Independently of the Vehicle Engine |
US20120047928A1 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-01 | Hiroki Fukatsu | Air conditioning control apparatus |
WO2012138500A1 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2012-10-11 | Carrier Corporation | Transport refrigeration system and method for operating |
US8330412B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2012-12-11 | Thermo King Corporation | Monitoring and control system for an electrical storage system of a vehicle |
US20130248165A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | Thermo King Corporation | Power regulation system for a mobile environment-controlled unit and method of controlling the same |
US8643216B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2014-02-04 | Thermo King Corporation | Electrical storage element control system for a vehicle |
US20150121923A1 (en) * | 2012-05-01 | 2015-05-07 | Carrier Corporation | Transport refrigeration system having electric fans |
EP2927030A1 (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-07 | Volvo Car Corporation | Vehicle ambient air purification arrangement and method, and a vehicle and vehicle fleet comprising such arrangement |
US9321352B2 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2016-04-26 | Arpin Renewable Energy, LLC | Solar auxiliary power systems for vehicles |
US9638078B2 (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2017-05-02 | Volvo Car Corporation | Vehicle ambient air purification arrangement and method, and a vehicle and vehicle fleet comprising such arrangement |
US20180152044A1 (en) * | 2015-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Thermo King Corporation | Method and system for extending autonomous operation of a self-contained climate controlled storage unit |
WO2018226389A1 (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | Carrier Corporation | Hybrid power conversion system for a refrigerated transport vehicle and method |
US10189330B1 (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2019-01-29 | Adam J. Wurzer | Auxiliary air conditioning system for a sleeper cab of a truck |
US20190263289A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-08-29 | Horsepower Electric Inc. | Emergency responder traffic signal power supply |
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US9586458B2 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2017-03-07 | Enow, Inc. | Tractor trailer refrigeration unit |
US11872867B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2024-01-16 | Enow Systems Llc | Tractor trailer refrigeration unit |
US10333337B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2019-06-25 | Volta Power Systems, L.L.C. | Secondary power system |
CN111509695A (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-07 | 开利公司 | Power module device and transport refrigeration system |
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US20040231831A1 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2004-11-25 | Houck Glenn M. | Apparatus which eliminates the need for idling by trucks |
US20100026091A9 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2010-02-04 | Paul Baumann | Daycab auxiliary power conversion apparatus |
US20090206661A1 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2009-08-20 | Paul Baumann | Daycab auxiliary power conversion apparatus |
US8102076B2 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2012-01-24 | Enertek Solutions, Inc. | Daycab auxiliary power conversion apparatus |
US20110011113A1 (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2011-01-20 | Idle Free Systems, Llc | Charge circuit systems and methods of using the same |
WO2009089160A3 (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-10-15 | Idle Free Systems, Llc | Charge circuit systems and methods of using the same |
WO2009089160A2 (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-16 | Idle Free Systems, Llc | Charge circuit systems and methods of using the same |
US7740485B1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-06-22 | Edwards Jr Russell J | Electric power interrupt control |
WO2010104960A1 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-16 | Thermo King Corporation | Systems and methods of powering a refrigeration unit of a hybrid vehicle |
US20100229581A1 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-16 | Gregory Robert Truckenbrod | Systems and methods of powering a refrigeration unit of a hybrid vehicle |
US10480840B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2019-11-19 | Thermo King Corporation | Systems and methods of powering a refrigeration unit of a hybrid vehicle |
US9689598B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2017-06-27 | Thermo King Corporation | Systems and methods of powering a refrigeration unit of a hybrid vehicle |
US20110016894A1 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-01-27 | Hammond Air Conditioning Ltd. | Truck Air Conditioner for Keeping Cabin Temperature Comfortable Independently of the Vehicle Engine |
US8330412B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2012-12-11 | Thermo King Corporation | Monitoring and control system for an electrical storage system of a vehicle |
US8643216B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2014-02-04 | Thermo King Corporation | Electrical storage element control system for a vehicle |
US9340090B2 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2016-05-17 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Air conditioning control apparatus for an electric vehicle having a pre-air conditioning function |
US20120047928A1 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-01 | Hiroki Fukatsu | Air conditioning control apparatus |
US9975403B2 (en) | 2011-04-04 | 2018-05-22 | Carrier Corporation | Transport refrigeration system and method for operating |
WO2012138500A1 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2012-10-11 | Carrier Corporation | Transport refrigeration system and method for operating |
US9321352B2 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2016-04-26 | Arpin Renewable Energy, LLC | Solar auxiliary power systems for vehicles |
US20130248165A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | Thermo King Corporation | Power regulation system for a mobile environment-controlled unit and method of controlling the same |
US9562715B2 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2017-02-07 | Thermo King Corporation | Power regulation system for a mobile environment-controlled unit and method of controlling the same |
US20150121923A1 (en) * | 2012-05-01 | 2015-05-07 | Carrier Corporation | Transport refrigeration system having electric fans |
US10018399B2 (en) * | 2012-05-01 | 2018-07-10 | Carrier Corporation | Transport refrigeration system having electric fans |
US9638078B2 (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2017-05-02 | Volvo Car Corporation | Vehicle ambient air purification arrangement and method, and a vehicle and vehicle fleet comprising such arrangement |
CN104972869A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-14 | 沃尔沃汽车公司 | Vehicle ambient air purification arrangement and method, and a vehicle and vehicle fleet comprising such arrangement |
EP2927030A1 (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-07 | Volvo Car Corporation | Vehicle ambient air purification arrangement and method, and a vehicle and vehicle fleet comprising such arrangement |
US10682895B2 (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2020-06-16 | Volvo Car Corporation | Vehicle ambient air purification arrangement and method, and a vehicle and vehicle fleet comprising such arrangement |
US20180152044A1 (en) * | 2015-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Thermo King Corporation | Method and system for extending autonomous operation of a self-contained climate controlled storage unit |
US10189330B1 (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2019-01-29 | Adam J. Wurzer | Auxiliary air conditioning system for a sleeper cab of a truck |
WO2018226389A1 (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | Carrier Corporation | Hybrid power conversion system for a refrigerated transport vehicle and method |
US11554629B2 (en) | 2017-06-07 | 2023-01-17 | Carrier Corporation | Hybrid power conversion system for a refrigerated transport vehicle and method |
US20190263289A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-08-29 | Horsepower Electric Inc. | Emergency responder traffic signal power supply |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9610824B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
MX2007003288A (en) | 2008-11-14 |
US20130220588A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
CA2582209A1 (en) | 2007-09-21 |
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