US20070110443A1 - Acousto-optic filter and optical CDMA system using the same - Google Patents
Acousto-optic filter and optical CDMA system using the same Download PDFInfo
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- US20070110443A1 US20070110443A1 US11/593,909 US59390906A US2007110443A1 US 20070110443 A1 US20070110443 A1 US 20070110443A1 US 59390906 A US59390906 A US 59390906A US 2007110443 A1 US2007110443 A1 US 2007110443A1
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2581—Multimode transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/005—Optical Code Multiplex
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical code division multiple access (CDMA) encoder and/or decoder, and more particularly, to an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder and/or encoder and an optical CDMA system using the same.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- Conventional wavelength domain optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders mainly include fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) or general diffraction gratings.
- Optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders using general diffraction gratings divide light according to a wavelength using the general diffraction gratings, transmit or reflect optical signals having specific wavelengths, and sum the divided optical signals using the general diffraction gratings so as to perform encoding and/or decoding.
- the optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders have large volumes and complicated structures.
- Optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders using FBGs arrange reflected wavelengths of optical filters including the FBGs using arbitrary signs so as to perform encoding and/or decoding.
- the optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders include several FBGs.
- the present invention provides an acousto-optic filter applying several frequencies of an electric signal to arrange a spectrum of a transmitted wavelength with a specific code so as to encode and/or decode an optical signal.
- the present invention also provides an optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter easily adjusting a channel depending on a variation in a frequency of an electric signal.
- an acousto-optic filter used for an optical code division multiple access (CDMA) encoder including: an acousto-optic mode converter (AOMC) converting an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal into a second mode, wherein the optical signal is one of signals of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band; and an mode stripper (MS) stripping the optical signal of the second mode.
- AOMC acousto-optic mode converter
- MS mode stripper
- an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder including: an AOMC converting an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal into a second mode, wherein the optical signal is one of signals of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band; and a mode divider (MD) outputting the optical signal of the first mode and the optical signal of the second mode to different ports, respectively.
- an AOMC converting an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal into a second mode, wherein the optical signal is one of signals of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band
- a mode divider MD
- an optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter including: at least one or more optical CDMA encoders outputting only an optical signal except an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal using an acousto-optic filter performing acousto-optic mode converting and mode stripping; an optical coupler coupling optical signals output from a plurality of optical CDMA encoders; and an optical CDMA decoder dividing the optical signals received from the optical coupler into a specific optical frequency corresponding to a predetermined frequency of an electric signal and outputting the divided optical signal using an acousto-optic filter performing acousto-optic mode converting and mode stripping.
- FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a process of applying an electric signal having several frequencies to the acousto-optic filter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3A is a view illustrating a spectrum of light having a wide line width
- FIG. 3B is a view illustrating a spectrum of the light of FIG. 3A applied to an acousto-optic filter
- FIG. 4 is a view illustrating an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a view illustrating an optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an acousto-optic filter 100 used for an optical CDMA encoder includes an acousto-optic mode converter (AOMC) 110 and a mode stripper (MS) 120 .
- AOMC acousto-optic mode converter
- MS mode stripper
- the AOMC 110 If light input to the AOMC 110 is a fundamental mode or a first mode having a light frequency and a frequency of an electric signal input to the AOMC 110 is f 1 , the AOMC 110 outputs a second mode having a light frequency of ⁇ 1 +f 1 .
- the AOMC 110 and the MS 120 are connected to each other through a dual mode optical fiber.
- the MS 120 passes a fundamental mode and strips the second mode. Thus, if the light output from the AOMC 110 is input, the MS 120 does not transmit light having a light frequency of ⁇ 1 .
- the AOMC 110 does not frequency and mode convert all light frequencies or wavelengths but converts only light having specific light frequencies corresponding to the frequency of an electrical signal input to the AOMC 110 into a second mode.
- the MP 120 is hardly affected by a light frequency of light.
- a notch filter can be formed using the AOMC 110 and the MS 120 shown in FIG. 1 .
- the frequency of the electric signal input to the AOMC 110 can be adjusted so as to realize an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOFT) 100 .
- AOFT acousto-optic tunable filter
- FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a process of applying an electric signal having several frequencies to the acousto-optic filter shown in FIG. 1 .
- an electric signal having several frequencies is applied to the AOMC 110 simultaneously, only an optical signal having an optical frequency corresponding to each of the frequencies of the electric signal is frequency and mode converted.
- FIG. 4 is a view illustrating an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an acousto-optic filter 400 used for an optical CDMA decoder includes an AOMC 410 and a mode divider (MD) 420 .
- the AOMC 410 converts the input light into an optical frequency of ⁇ 1+f 1 and a mode into a second mode.
- the frequency f 1 is very smaller than the frequency ⁇ 1 as described with reference to FIG. 1 , and thus the frequency f 1 can be disregarded.
- the MD 420 divides the mode into a fundamental mode and the second mode and then outputs them to different ports. In other words, if the MD 420 receives the light from the AOMC 410 , the MD 420 outputs light having the optical frequency of ⁇ 1 to a port 430 and light having a different optical frequency to a port 440 ,
- the MD 420 is hardly affected by an optical frequency.
- the AOMC 410 and the MD 420 can be constituted as shown in FIG. 4 so as to be used as decoders.
- FIG. 5 is a view illustrating an optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical CDMA system includes a plurality of optical CDMA encoders 500 - 1 , 500 - 2 , and 500 -n including acousto-optic filters 520 as shown in FIG. 1 and a plurality of optical CDMA decoders 550 - 1 , 550 - 2 , and 550 -n including acousto-optic filters as shown in FIG. 4
- Light output from broadband light sources 510 is input to the acousto-optic filter 520 including the AOMC 110 and the MS 120 .
- Light encoded and output from the encoders 500 - 1 , 500 - 2 , and 500 -n is coupled by an optical coupler 530 and then incident on the decoders 550 - 1 , 550 - 2 , and 550 -n.
- each of balanced photodetectors (BPDs) 570 detects light signals from two output ports of each of the acousto-optic filters 560 and outputs the signal corresponding to the power difference between two light signals.
- a simple encoder and/or decoder can be constituted using an acousto-optic filter in a wavelength domain optical CDMA.
- a variable encoder and/or decoder can be constituted to adjust an optical transceiver channel so as to improve efficiency of communication traffic of an optical communication system.
- a frequency of an electric signal applied to an acousto-optic filter can be adjusted to adjust a channel.
- the simple encoder and/or decoder are advantageous in terms of cost and operation. As a result, the simple encoder and decoder can be very useful to an optical communication network and optical communications requiring security.
Abstract
Provided are an acousto-optic filter and an optical code division multiple access (CDMA) system using the acousto-optic filter. The acousto-optic filter includes: an acousto-optic mode converter (AOMC) converting an optical signal of a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal of an optical signal of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band; and a mode stripper (MS) stripping an optical signal of the optical signal of the first mode that has been converted to a second mode.
Description
- This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2005-0110359, filed on Nov. 17, 2005, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to an optical code division multiple access (CDMA) encoder and/or decoder, and more particularly, to an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder and/or encoder and an optical CDMA system using the same.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- Conventional wavelength domain optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders mainly include fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) or general diffraction gratings.
- Optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders using general diffraction gratings divide light according to a wavelength using the general diffraction gratings, transmit or reflect optical signals having specific wavelengths, and sum the divided optical signals using the general diffraction gratings so as to perform encoding and/or decoding. Thus, the optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders have large volumes and complicated structures.
- Optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders using FBGs arrange reflected wavelengths of optical filters including the FBGs using arbitrary signs so as to perform encoding and/or decoding. Thus, the optical CDMA encoders and/or decoders include several FBGs.
- The present invention provides an acousto-optic filter applying several frequencies of an electric signal to arrange a spectrum of a transmitted wavelength with a specific code so as to encode and/or decode an optical signal.
- The present invention also provides an optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter easily adjusting a channel depending on a variation in a frequency of an electric signal.
- According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an acousto-optic filter used for an optical code division multiple access (CDMA) encoder, including: an acousto-optic mode converter (AOMC) converting an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal into a second mode, wherein the optical signal is one of signals of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band; and an mode stripper (MS) stripping the optical signal of the second mode.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder, including: an AOMC converting an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal into a second mode, wherein the optical signal is one of signals of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band; and a mode divider (MD) outputting the optical signal of the first mode and the optical signal of the second mode to different ports, respectively.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter, including: at least one or more optical CDMA encoders outputting only an optical signal except an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal using an acousto-optic filter performing acousto-optic mode converting and mode stripping; an optical coupler coupling optical signals output from a plurality of optical CDMA encoders; and an optical CDMA decoder dividing the optical signals received from the optical coupler into a specific optical frequency corresponding to a predetermined frequency of an electric signal and outputting the divided optical signal using an acousto-optic filter performing acousto-optic mode converting and mode stripping.
- The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a process of applying an electric signal having several frequencies to the acousto-optic filter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3A is a view illustrating a spectrum of light having a wide line width; -
FIG. 3B is a view illustrating a spectrum of the light ofFIG. 3A applied to an acousto-optic filter; -
FIG. 4 is a view illustrating an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 5 is a view illustrating an optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter according to an embodiment of the present invention. - Hereinafter, an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA encoder and/or decoder and an optical CDMA system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 1 , an acousto-optic filter 100 used for an optical CDMA encoder includes an acousto-optic mode converter (AOMC) 110 and a mode stripper (MS) 120. - If light input to the AOMC 110 is a fundamental mode or a first mode having a light frequency and a frequency of an electric signal input to the AOMC 110 is f1, the AOMC 110 outputs a second mode having a light frequency of ω1+f1.
- Since the frequency f1, is very smaller than a frequency ω1, an electric frequency component f1 hardly affects a variation in the light frequency ω1. The AOMC 110 and the MS 120 are connected to each other through a dual mode optical fiber.
- The MS 120 passes a fundamental mode and strips the second mode. Thus, if the light output from the AOMC 110 is input, the MS 120 does not transmit light having a light frequency of ω1.
- In other words, the AOMC 110 does not frequency and mode convert all light frequencies or wavelengths but converts only light having specific light frequencies corresponding to the frequency of an electrical signal input to the AOMC 110 into a second mode. The MP 120 is hardly affected by a light frequency of light.
- Thus, a notch filter can be formed using the AOMC 110 and the MS 120 shown in
FIG. 1 . The frequency of the electric signal input to the AOMC 110 can be adjusted so as to realize an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOFT) 100. -
FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a process of applying an electric signal having several frequencies to the acousto-optic filter shown inFIG. 1 . Referring toFIG. 2 , if an electric signal having several frequencies is applied to the AOMC 110 simultaneously, only an optical signal having an optical frequency corresponding to each of the frequencies of the electric signal is frequency and mode converted. - In other words, if light having optical frequencies of ω1,ω2, . . . , and ωn and an electric signal having frequencies of f1,f2,f4,f5, . . . , and fn are input, the light having optical frequencies of ω1,ω2, . . . , and ωn is converted into light having optical frequencies of ω1+f1,ω2+f1, . . . , and ωn+f1, and a mode is converted into a second mode.
- If light having a broadband wavelength as shown in
FIG. 3A is input to the AOMC 110 of the acousto-optic filter shown inFIG. 1 and an electric signal having frequencies of f1,f2,f4, f5, . . . , fn are applied to theAOMC 110, a transmission characteristic as shown inFIG. 3B can be obtained. -
FIG. 4 is a view illustrating an acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 4 , an acousto-optic filter 400 used for an optical CDMA decoder includes an AOMC 410 and a mode divider (MD) 420. - If light input to the AOMC 410 is a fundamental mode having an optical frequency of ω1 and a frequency of an electric signal input to the AOMC 410 is f1, the AOMC 410 converts the input light into an optical frequency of ω1+f 1 and a mode into a second mode.
- The frequency f1 is very smaller than the frequency ω1 as described with reference to
FIG. 1 , and thus the frequency f1 can be disregarded. - The MD 420 divides the mode into a fundamental mode and the second mode and then outputs them to different ports. In other words, if the MD 420 receives the light from the AOMC 410, the
MD 420 outputs light having the optical frequency of ω1 to aport 430 and light having a different optical frequency to aport 440, - Similar to the
MS 120 shown inFIG. 1 , theMD 420 is hardly affected by an optical frequency. Thus, the AOMC 410 and the MD 420 can be constituted as shown inFIG. 4 so as to be used as decoders. -
FIG. 5 is a view illustrating an optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 5 , the optical CDMA system includes a plurality of optical CDMA encoders 500-1, 500-2, and 500-n including acousto-optic filters 520 as shown inFIG. 1 and a plurality of optical CDMA decoders 550-1, 550-2, and 550-n including acousto-optic filters as shown inFIG. 4 - Light output from
broadband light sources 510 is input to the acousto-optic filter 520 including the AOMC 110 and the MS 120. - If electric signals having frequencies (for example,, f1,f2,f3,and f6) corresponding to specific channels are summed and then to applied to the acousto-
optic filters 520, only optical signals having optical frequencies except optical frequencies ω1,ω2,ω3, and ω6 corresponding to f1,f2,f3, and f6 are transmitted so as to perform encoding in a wavelength region. Different frequencies are respectively allocated to the encoders 500-1, 500-2, and 500-n. Light encoded and output from the encoders 500-1, 500-2, and 500-n is coupled by anoptical coupler 530 and then incident on the decoders 550-1, 550-2, and 550-n. - In a case where a decoder has a complementary code to a frequency allocated to an encoder, each of balanced photodetectors (BPDs) 570 detects light signals from two output ports of each of the acousto-
optic filters 560 and outputs the signal corresponding to the power difference between two light signals. - In a case where the decoder does not have the complementary code to the frequency allocated to the encoder, light is divided and then incident on the two ports of each of the
BPDs 570, because matched and mismatched signals with AOMC 410 characteristics are extracted to the first mode and second mode output ports, respectively. Thus, a signal transmitted from another channel is offset so that theBPDs 570 having a balanced detector structure does not detect signals. As a result, an optical CDMA system having a simple structure can be constituted - As described above, according to the present invention, a simple encoder and/or decoder can be constituted using an acousto-optic filter in a wavelength domain optical CDMA. Also, a variable encoder and/or decoder can be constituted to adjust an optical transceiver channel so as to improve efficiency of communication traffic of an optical communication system.
- Differently from a conventional optical CDMA encoder and/or decoder controlling an optical element, a frequency of an electric signal applied to an acousto-optic filter can be adjusted to adjust a channel. Thus, the simple encoder and/or decoder are advantageous in terms of cost and operation. As a result, the simple encoder and decoder can be very useful to an optical communication network and optical communications requiring security.
- While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. An acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA (code division multiple access) encoder, comprising:
an AOMC (acousto-optic mode converter) converting an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal into a second mode, wherein the optical signal is one of signals of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band; and
an MS (mode stripper) stripping the optical signal of the second mode.
2. The acousto-optic filter of claim 1 , wherein the AOMC receives an electric signal having a frequency of f1, and converts an optical signal having a specific optical frequency of ω1 corresponding to the frequency of f1 into a second mode optical signal having an optical frequency of ω1+f1.
3. The acousto-optic filter of claim 1 , wherein the AOMC simultaneously receives an electric signal having a plurality of frequencies and converts an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to the plurality of frequencies into a second mode.
4. An acousto-optic filter used for an optical CDMA decoder, comprising:
an AOMC converting an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal into a second mode, wherein the optical signal is one of signals of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band; and
an MD (mode divider) outputting the optical signal of the first mode and the optical signal of the second mode to different ports, respectively.
5. The acousto-optic filter of claim 4 , wherein the AOMC receives an electric signal having a frequency of f1 and converts an optical signal having a specific optical frequency of ω1 into a second mode optical signal having an optical frequency of ω1+f1.
6. An optical CDMA system using an acousto-optic filter, comprising:
at least one or more optical CDMA encoders outputting only an optical signal except an optical signal having a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal using an acousto-optic filter performing acousto-optic mode converting and mode stripping;
an optical coupler coupling optical signals output from a plurality of optical CDMA encoders; and
an optical CDMA decoder dividing the optical signals received from the optical coupler into a specific optical frequency corresponding to a predetermined frequency of an electric signal and outputting the divided optical signal using an acousto-optic filter performing acousto-optic mode converting and mode divider.
7. The optical CDMA system of claim 6 , wherein the optical CDMA encoder comprises:
a light source generating an optical signal of a first mode having a broadband; and
an acousto-optic filter converting an optical signal having an optical frequency corresponding to a predetermined frequency of the electric signal into a second mode and then outputting an optical signal except an optical signal of the second mode.
8. The optical CDMA system of claim 6 , wherein the optical CDMA decoder comprises:
an acousto-optic filter converting an optical signal having an optical frequency corresponding to a predetermined frequency of an electric signal into a second mode and then dividing and outputting the optical signal of the first mode and the optical signal of the second mode; and
a BPD (balanced photodetector) detecting the optical signals of the first and second modes and outputting the signal corresponding to the power difference between two light signals.
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US12/361,522 US7755073B2 (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2009-01-28 | Acousto-optic filter and optical CDMA system using the same |
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KR1020050110359A KR100687756B1 (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | Acousto-optic filter and optical cdma system using the same |
KR10-2005-0110359 | 2005-11-17 |
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US12/361,522 Expired - Fee Related US7755073B2 (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2009-01-28 | Acousto-optic filter and optical CDMA system using the same |
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Cited By (1)
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US8359369B2 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2013-01-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dynamically optimizing delivery of multimedia content over a network |
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DE602005024141D1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2010-11-25 | Panasonic Corp | OPTICAL DEVICE FOR MULTIMODE TRANSMISSION |
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US6021237A (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2000-02-01 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | All-fiber acousto-optic tunable filter |
US6504969B1 (en) * | 1999-03-06 | 2003-01-07 | National Science Council | Tunable optical encoder and decoder |
US6614950B2 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-09-02 | National Science Council | Fiber bragg grating-based optical CDMA encoder/decoder |
US6621968B1 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2003-09-16 | Ultraband Fiber Optics, Inc. | Optical fiber for broadband optical devices and optical fiber devices using thereof |
US20040081463A1 (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-04-29 | Kim Bong Kyu | Optical CDMA transmitting apparatus and method for transmitting bipolar data |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2445764A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2002-11-07 | Accessphotonic Networks Inc. | Method for the ocdma encoding of optical signals |
-
2005
- 2005-11-17 KR KR1020050110359A patent/KR100687756B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-11-06 US US11/593,909 patent/US20070110443A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-01-28 US US12/361,522 patent/US7755073B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6021237A (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2000-02-01 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | All-fiber acousto-optic tunable filter |
US6621968B1 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2003-09-16 | Ultraband Fiber Optics, Inc. | Optical fiber for broadband optical devices and optical fiber devices using thereof |
US6504969B1 (en) * | 1999-03-06 | 2003-01-07 | National Science Council | Tunable optical encoder and decoder |
US6614950B2 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-09-02 | National Science Council | Fiber bragg grating-based optical CDMA encoder/decoder |
US20040081463A1 (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-04-29 | Kim Bong Kyu | Optical CDMA transmitting apparatus and method for transmitting bipolar data |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8359369B2 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2013-01-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dynamically optimizing delivery of multimedia content over a network |
US8719373B2 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2014-05-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dynamically optimizing delivery of multimedia content over a network |
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US7755073B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
US20090196614A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
KR100687756B1 (en) | 2007-02-27 |
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