US20070015436A1 - Game attractant - Google Patents
Game attractant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070015436A1 US20070015436A1 US11/534,704 US53470406A US2007015436A1 US 20070015436 A1 US20070015436 A1 US 20070015436A1 US 53470406 A US53470406 A US 53470406A US 2007015436 A1 US2007015436 A1 US 2007015436A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hub
- movable member
- shaft
- generation system
- extension members
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M31/00—Hunting appliances
- A01M31/004—Game callers
Definitions
- This invention relates to the field of hunting aids. More particularly, this invention relates to a device for generating natural background noises for enhancing the effectiveness of game calls in attracting game.
- Calls simulating an animal noise are often used for attracting game to a hunter.
- hunters of turkeys often use a call that mimics the vocal sounds of a female turkey in an attempt to attract a male turkey.
- the present disclosures relates to devices for generating sounds associated with movements of animals.
- the device includes a movable member operatively associated with a motion generation system and configured to be set in a desired motion by the motion generation system, a hub associated with the movable member, and at least one extension extending from the hub for contact with a desired contact medium to generate sounds associated with movement of animals.
- FIG. 1 shows a game attractant device according to a preferred embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the device of FIG. 1 .
- FIGS. 3-5 show a preferred hub having a variety of preferred embodiments.
- FIG. 6 shows an alternate hub to which extensions may be selectively connected.
- FIG. 7 shows a game attractant device according to an alternate preferred embodiment.
- the invention relates to a game attractant device 10 for generating sounds associated with movements of animals.
- the device 10 is particularly suitable for remotely generating sounds to mimic the sound of a turkey rustling through grass, leaves or other ground debris as during feeding.
- the device 10 includes a motion generation system 12 , a movable member 14 , a hub 16 , and extension members 18 .
- the motion generation system 12 is preferably provided by a motor 20 , preferably an electric motor powered by a power source, such as AA size battery 22 connected to the motor 20 by wiring 24 .
- a power source such as AA size battery 22 connected to the motor 20 by wiring 24 .
- Other power sources may also be used, such as a solar power cell.
- the motor 20 may be of single speed or may include electronic controllers or the like for adjusting and/or varying its rotational speed as may be desired.
- the motor 20 preferably has a rotational speed of from about 5 to about 50 rpms.
- the motor 20 includes a shaft 26 that rotates under the power of the motor 20 .
- the motor 20 may be configured for imparting other motions, such as translational and reciprocal motion.
- the motor 20 and the battery 22 are preferably located within a housing 28 , such as a plastic housing having a removable cover for accessing the battery 22 .
- the wiring 24 is preferably connected to an on/off switch associated with the motor 20 and partially extending through the housing 28 for access by a user.
- a remotely activatable switch such as an infrared switch may be utilized instead of the mechanical switch 30 .
- a timing or other control device may also be incorporated to periodically control the operation of the motor 20 .
- the motor 20 may be periodically controlled to start or stop motion and/or change the speed thereof.
- the movable member 14 may be provided by the shaft 26 of the motor 20 , provided that the shaft is of sufficient length.
- the shaft 26 is relatively short and resides within the housing 28 and the movable member 14 is provided by an elongate shaft 32 having and end 34 configured for releasably connecting to the shaft 26 of the motor 20 .
- the shaft 32 may have a quick release 36 , such as a ball detent, for engaging a bore 38 of the shaft 26 , or vice versa.
- the shafts 26 and 32 may connect in other ways, such as by threading and the like.
- the housing 28 includes a suitable aperture or port 40 for passage of the shaft 32 . This is advantageous to enable portability so that the movable member 14 does not protrude for transport and the device may be compactly carried.
- the hub 16 is preferably a wheel-shaped plastic member having a central bore 42 configured for mounting adjacent an end 44 of the shaft 32 .
- the hub 16 is preferably configured for releasably connecting to the shaft 32 .
- the end 44 of the shaft 32 may have a quick release 46 , such as a ball detent, for engaging the bore 42 of the hub 16 , or vice versa.
- the hub 16 may also connect in other manners, such as by threading on the end of the shaft 32 .
- the hub 16 may be formed on the shaft 32 or be a simple structure for connecting the extension members 18 thereto, such as bores formed on the shaft 32 or adhesive placed on the shaft 32 or the hub 16 may be defined as by portions of the extension members 18 which may be wrapped around the shaft 32 .
- the hub 16 is structure which enables connection, either directly or indirectly, of the extension members to the shaft.
- the hub 16 be a separate structure readily detachable from the shaft to facilitate portability and quick change of the extension members 18 , as described more fully below.
- the extension members 18 are elongate structures configured for contacting dirt, grass, leaves or other debris on the ground to generate a rustling sound that mimics the sound of a turkey rustling or scratching through a water puddle, dirt, grass, leaves or other ground debris as during feeding.
- the extension members 18 are substantially permanently attached to the hub 16 .
- the extension members 18 may be removably attachable to the hub 16 to enable a user to select among the number and type of the extension members 18 used.
- FIG. 3 shows a preferred configuration of the extension member 18 , having a pair of spring wires 50 extending from opposite locations thereon.
- the free ends of the wires 50 are preferably bent into a circular tip to provide a blunt end.
- the wires 50 may be formed of other resilient material that yields under light pressure but yields back to substantially original shape when the force is removed, such as a resilient plastic. This construction is desirable for rustling non-fixed objects, such as leaves, sand, gravel, dirt, and the like, without sweeping them from the site.
- FIG. 4 shows an alternate embodiment of extension members 18 ′.
- the extension members 18 ′′ may be provided as by a member 54 , preferably a rigid stick or wire or the like, or a flexible line or cord attached to the hub 16 .
- Multiple flexible lines 56 such as monofilament lines, are attached to the fee end, with small beads or the like formed on the ends of the lines.
- the members 18 ′′ are particularly suitable for making rustling noises in sand, dirt, and leaves.
- FIG. 6 shows an alternate embodiment of a hub 16 ′ that is substantially similar to the hub 16 , except an outer rim 60 thereof is configured for removably attaching one or more of the extension members 18 , 18 ′, or 18 ′′,
- the rim 60 may include a plurality of apertures 62 configured for receiving, preferably in a friction fit, an end of the extension members.
- the rim 60 may also be provided as by an elastomeric material or a foam material, such as Styrofoam, into which the ends of the extension members may be penetrated. If desired, the ends of the extension members may be shaped in a point.
- FIG. 7 shows an alternate embodiment of a game attractant device 10 ′ that is substantially similar to the device 10 , except that hub 66 thereof is oriented substantially parallel to the ground.
- the extension members preferably include a bend B, preferably about 60 degrees.
Abstract
A device for generating sounds associated with movements of animals, the device including a movable member operatively associated with a motion generation system and configured to be set in a desired motion by the motion generation system, a hub associated with the movable member, and at least one extension extending from the hub for contact with a desired contact medium to generate sounds associated with movement of animals.
Description
- This is a continuation-in-part application of co-pending U.S. Application Ser. No. 11,277,444 filed 24 Mar. 2006, and entitled GAME ATTRACTANT, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Application Ser. No. 10/419,445 filed 21 Apr. 2003, entitled GAME ATTRACTANT (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,029,362 issued on 18 Apr. 2006).
- This invention relates to the field of hunting aids. More particularly, this invention relates to a device for generating natural background noises for enhancing the effectiveness of game calls in attracting game.
- Calls simulating an animal noise are often used for attracting game to a hunter. For example, hunters of turkeys often use a call that mimics the vocal sounds of a female turkey in an attempt to attract a male turkey.
- It has been observed that the effectiveness of such vocal calls may be improved if sounds associated with movement of a turkey are provided in conjunction with the vocal sounds, such as by moving a fallen tree branch against the ground to mimic the sound of a turkey rustling through leaves as during feeding.
- As will be appreciated, it is often inconvenient and difficult for a hunter to remain concealed and still while manipulating a tree branch. Also, the movement of the tree branch will immediately proximate the hunter, which is undesirable for concealment purposes.
- With regard to the foregoing, the present disclosures relates to devices for generating sounds associated with movements of animals.
- In a preferred embodiment, the device includes a movable member operatively associated with a motion generation system and configured to be set in a desired motion by the motion generation system, a hub associated with the movable member, and at least one extension extending from the hub for contact with a desired contact medium to generate sounds associated with movement of animals.
- Further advantages of the invention are apparent by reference to the detailed description when considered in conjunction with the figures, which are not to scale so as to more clearly show the details, wherein like reference numbers indicate like elements throughout the several views, and wherein:
-
FIG. 1 shows a game attractant device according to a preferred embodiment. -
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the device ofFIG. 1 . -
FIGS. 3-5 show a preferred hub having a variety of preferred embodiments. -
FIG. 6 shows an alternate hub to which extensions may be selectively connected. -
FIG. 7 shows a game attractant device according to an alternate preferred embodiment. - With initial reference to
FIG. 1 , the invention relates to a gameattractant device 10 for generating sounds associated with movements of animals. Thedevice 10 is particularly suitable for remotely generating sounds to mimic the sound of a turkey rustling through grass, leaves or other ground debris as during feeding. - The
device 10 includes amotion generation system 12, amovable member 14, ahub 16, andextension members 18. - The
motion generation system 12 is preferably provided by amotor 20, preferably an electric motor powered by a power source, such asAA size battery 22 connected to themotor 20 bywiring 24. Other power sources may also be used, such as a solar power cell. Themotor 20 may be of single speed or may include electronic controllers or the like for adjusting and/or varying its rotational speed as may be desired. For use in generating sounds mimicking a turkey or turkeys feeding, themotor 20 preferably has a rotational speed of from about 5 to about 50 rpms. Themotor 20 includes ashaft 26 that rotates under the power of themotor 20. However, it will be understood that themotor 20 may be configured for imparting other motions, such as translational and reciprocal motion. - The
motor 20 and thebattery 22 are preferably located within ahousing 28, such as a plastic housing having a removable cover for accessing thebattery 22. Thewiring 24 is preferably connected to an on/off switch associated with themotor 20 and partially extending through thehousing 28 for access by a user. As will be appreciated, a remotely activatable switch, such as an infrared switch may be utilized instead of the mechanical switch 30. Also, a timing or other control device may also be incorporated to periodically control the operation of themotor 20. For example, themotor 20 may be periodically controlled to start or stop motion and/or change the speed thereof. - The
movable member 14 may be provided by theshaft 26 of themotor 20, provided that the shaft is of sufficient length. However, in a preferred embodiment, theshaft 26 is relatively short and resides within thehousing 28 and themovable member 14 is provided by anelongate shaft 32 having andend 34 configured for releasably connecting to theshaft 26 of themotor 20. For example, theshaft 32 may have aquick release 36, such as a ball detent, for engaging abore 38 of theshaft 26, or vice versa. Theshafts housing 28 includes a suitable aperture orport 40 for passage of theshaft 32. This is advantageous to enable portability so that themovable member 14 does not protrude for transport and the device may be compactly carried. - The
hub 16 is preferably a wheel-shaped plastic member having acentral bore 42 configured for mounting adjacent anend 44 of theshaft 32. Thehub 16 is preferably configured for releasably connecting to theshaft 32. For example, theend 44 of theshaft 32 may have aquick release 46, such as a ball detent, for engaging thebore 42 of thehub 16, or vice versa. Thehub 16 may also connect in other manners, such as by threading on the end of theshaft 32. - The
hub 16 may be formed on theshaft 32 or be a simple structure for connecting theextension members 18 thereto, such as bores formed on theshaft 32 or adhesive placed on theshaft 32 or thehub 16 may be defined as by portions of theextension members 18 which may be wrapped around theshaft 32. Thus, it will be understood that thehub 16 is structure which enables connection, either directly or indirectly, of the extension members to the shaft. However, it is preferred that thehub 16 be a separate structure readily detachable from the shaft to facilitate portability and quick change of theextension members 18, as described more fully below. - The
extension members 18 are elongate structures configured for contacting dirt, grass, leaves or other debris on the ground to generate a rustling sound that mimics the sound of a turkey rustling or scratching through a water puddle, dirt, grass, leaves or other ground debris as during feeding. In one preferred embodiment, theextension members 18 are substantially permanently attached to thehub 16. However, as described in connection withFIG. 6 , theextension members 18 may be removably attachable to thehub 16 to enable a user to select among the number and type of theextension members 18 used. -
FIG. 3 shows a preferred configuration of theextension member 18, having a pair ofspring wires 50 extending from opposite locations thereon. The free ends of thewires 50 are preferably bent into a circular tip to provide a blunt end. Alternatively, thewires 50 may be formed of other resilient material that yields under light pressure but yields back to substantially original shape when the force is removed, such as a resilient plastic. This construction is desirable for rustling non-fixed objects, such as leaves, sand, gravel, dirt, and the like, without sweeping them from the site. -
FIG. 4 shows an alternate embodiment ofextension members 18′. Theextension members 18″ may be provided as by amember 54, preferably a rigid stick or wire or the like, or a flexible line or cord attached to thehub 16. Multipleflexible lines 56, such as monofilament lines, are attached to the fee end, with small beads or the like formed on the ends of the lines. Themembers 18″ are particularly suitable for making rustling noises in sand, dirt, and leaves. -
FIG. 6 shows an alternate embodiment of ahub 16′ that is substantially similar to thehub 16, except anouter rim 60 thereof is configured for removably attaching one or more of theextension members rim 60 may include a plurality ofapertures 62 configured for receiving, preferably in a friction fit, an end of the extension members. Therim 60 may also be provided as by an elastomeric material or a foam material, such as Styrofoam, into which the ends of the extension members may be penetrated. If desired, the ends of the extension members may be shaped in a point. -
FIG. 7 shows an alternate embodiment of agame attractant device 10′ that is substantially similar to thedevice 10, except thathub 66 thereof is oriented substantially parallel to the ground. To orient theextension members - The foregoing description of preferred embodiments for this invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obvious modifications or variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The embodiments are chosen and described in an effort to provide the best illustrations of the principles of the invention and its practical application, and to thereby enable one of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. All such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as determined by the appended claims when interpreted in accordance with the breadth to which they are fairly, legally, and equitably entitled.
Claims (6)
1. A device for generating sounds associated with movements of animals, the device comprising: a movable member operatively associated with a motion generation system and configured to be set in a desired motion by the motion generation system, a hub associated with the movable member, and at least one extension member extending from the hub for contact with a desired contact medium to generate sounds associated with movement of animals.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the movable member comprises a rotatable shaft.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the motion generation system comprises a motor having a rotatable output shaft.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the movable member is releasably connectable to the motion generation system.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the hub is releasably connectable to the movable member.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the extension members are releasably connectable to the hub.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/534,704 US20070015436A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-09-25 | Game attractant |
US11/758,697 US20070232187A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2007-06-06 | Game attractant system |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/419,445 US7029362B1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-04-21 | Game attractant |
US11/277,444 US7438624B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-03-24 | Game attractant |
US11/534,704 US20070015436A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-09-25 | Game attractant |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/277,444 Continuation-In-Part US7438624B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-03-24 | Game attractant |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/758,697 Continuation-In-Part US20070232187A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2007-06-06 | Game attractant system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20070015436A1 true US20070015436A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
Family
ID=38559798
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/534,704 Abandoned US20070015436A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-09-25 | Game attractant |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070015436A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10699261B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2020-06-30 | Shopkeep Inc. | System and method for remote management of sale transaction data |
US10713619B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2020-07-14 | Shopkeep Inc. | System and method for remote management of sale transaction data |
US10735304B2 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2020-08-04 | Shopkeep Inc. | System and method for remote management of sale transaction data |
US11030598B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2021-06-08 | Lightspeed Commerce Usa Inc. | System and method for remote management of sale transaction data |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4531924A (en) * | 1983-06-03 | 1985-07-30 | Samson Ralph D | Turkey calling aid |
US4702719A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1987-10-27 | Tzora Furniture Industries Ltd. | Device for suspending infant toys |
US4934088A (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1990-06-19 | P.S.T. Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Method of hunting game and a game calling device for use with the method |
US4968283A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1990-11-06 | Steve Montgomery | Game call |
US5555664A (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1996-09-17 | Shockley; Robert S. | Device for attracting animals |
US5794568A (en) * | 1997-05-27 | 1998-08-18 | Udelle; Steven D. | Animal attractant and scratching device |
US6149492A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 2000-11-21 | Penline Production L.L.C. | Multifunction game call |
US6203395B1 (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2001-03-20 | Hasbro, Inc. | Electronic activity center |
US6210251B1 (en) * | 1998-12-05 | 2001-04-03 | Primos, Inc. | Feathered game call apparatus and method |
US20010004812A1 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2001-06-28 | Glenn Lindaman | Hunting decoy assemblies |
US6289626B1 (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-18 | Hershel Earnest Williams | Remotely activatable attractant for deer |
US6357159B1 (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 2002-03-19 | Patrick Bowling | Decoy apparatus for attracting animals |
US6640742B1 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2003-11-04 | David Grupp | Device for producing signal tones by means of chimes suspended from a shared oscillating carrier plate |
US7029362B1 (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2006-04-18 | Halstead Services Group, Llc | Game attractant |
-
2006
- 2006-09-25 US US11/534,704 patent/US20070015436A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4531924A (en) * | 1983-06-03 | 1985-07-30 | Samson Ralph D | Turkey calling aid |
US4702719A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1987-10-27 | Tzora Furniture Industries Ltd. | Device for suspending infant toys |
US4934088A (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1990-06-19 | P.S.T. Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Method of hunting game and a game calling device for use with the method |
US4968283A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1990-11-06 | Steve Montgomery | Game call |
US5555664A (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1996-09-17 | Shockley; Robert S. | Device for attracting animals |
US5794568A (en) * | 1997-05-27 | 1998-08-18 | Udelle; Steven D. | Animal attractant and scratching device |
US6149492A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 2000-11-21 | Penline Production L.L.C. | Multifunction game call |
US6357159B1 (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 2002-03-19 | Patrick Bowling | Decoy apparatus for attracting animals |
US6210251B1 (en) * | 1998-12-05 | 2001-04-03 | Primos, Inc. | Feathered game call apparatus and method |
US20010004812A1 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2001-06-28 | Glenn Lindaman | Hunting decoy assemblies |
US6203395B1 (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2001-03-20 | Hasbro, Inc. | Electronic activity center |
US6640742B1 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2003-11-04 | David Grupp | Device for producing signal tones by means of chimes suspended from a shared oscillating carrier plate |
US6289626B1 (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-18 | Hershel Earnest Williams | Remotely activatable attractant for deer |
US7029362B1 (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2006-04-18 | Halstead Services Group, Llc | Game attractant |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10699261B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2020-06-30 | Shopkeep Inc. | System and method for remote management of sale transaction data |
US10713619B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2020-07-14 | Shopkeep Inc. | System and method for remote management of sale transaction data |
US11030598B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2021-06-08 | Lightspeed Commerce Usa Inc. | System and method for remote management of sale transaction data |
US10735304B2 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2020-08-04 | Shopkeep Inc. | System and method for remote management of sale transaction data |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6070356A (en) | Animated decoy having an insertable decoy movement device | |
US6901693B1 (en) | Motorized game decoy | |
US8950105B2 (en) | Bait mimicking insertable fishing lure module | |
US4852288A (en) | Articulated wild game decoy | |
US20090007479A1 (en) | Manually activated rotatable decoy stake | |
US8621776B2 (en) | Bait mimicking insertable fishing lure module | |
US5613317A (en) | Movable decoy head and neck | |
US8312669B2 (en) | Fishing lure having recorded bait sound playback module | |
US7562639B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for playing with pet | |
US20100186280A1 (en) | Remotely operated electronic rotatable decoy stand | |
US4775351A (en) | Wigglin' fish amusement and novelty device | |
US8250801B2 (en) | Bird decoy system | |
US6289626B1 (en) | Remotely activatable attractant for deer | |
US20030106253A1 (en) | Manually movable decoy device | |
US20100005700A1 (en) | Robotic fishing lure | |
US20050081422A1 (en) | Hunting decoy device | |
US20020162268A1 (en) | Decoy with moveable, exchangeable parts | |
US20210176983A1 (en) | Spinning Wing Decoy Apparatus | |
US20070180756A1 (en) | Active artificial fishing lure and method of using same | |
US20070015436A1 (en) | Game attractant | |
US20170231207A1 (en) | Fishing accessory for lures | |
US20150359194A1 (en) | Automated pet toys and related methods | |
US20080271358A1 (en) | Simulated mudpuppy fishing lure | |
US11083189B1 (en) | Waterfowl decoy with lifelike feeding movement | |
US7841123B2 (en) | Waterfowl feeding decoy |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HALSTEAD SERVICES GROUP, LLC, TENNESSEE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HALSTEAD, SCOTT M;REEL/FRAME:018295/0460 Effective date: 20060919 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |