US2006371A - Hydraulic hat press - Google Patents

Description

jaafly 2, 393a M. A. SCHWARTZ 2,006,371

HYDRAULIC HAT PRES-S Original Filed Feb. 13, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet l FIGJ.

INVENTOR M. A. SCHWARTZ BY wmzzw ATTORNEYS y 1935- M. A. SCHWARTZ 2,006,371

HYDRAULIC HAT PRESS Original Filed Feb. 15, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 7.

INVENTOR M A. SCHWARTZ 48 I y M ATTORNEYS July 2, 1935- M. A. SCHWARTZ HYDRAULIC HAT PRESS Original Filed Feb. 13, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 H5 FIG. 13.

84 86Lc As 88 H4 87 INVENTOR M.A.SCHWARTZ BY W ATTORNEYS Patented July 2, 1935 v i 2;006,3731*' p w ,HYDRAUBIG HAT :rmzss A' Schwartz @105 mgelesgoamg assig atone-half to George Chero'ff, "Los Angeles,

; Calif; L

invention-"pertains to a hydraulichatbress in which one elementofsthepresshasa mold or formior-the hatjand anotherelernent an inflatable rubber bag which may be pressed, into the hat-tomold thesame and in which-the mold and the rubberfbag are separable for inserting and removing the'hat; 1 r t J 7- 1--I n :the above mentioned type: of hat press :an object and feature of my invention is constructing the mold and the pressure block onitwo ep- 7 posed partsof the machine, these opposed parts both" having a -reciprooating motion in' opposite vdirectionswhereby these may be engaged orfiseparated; In the engaged position the bag: maybe infiated forpressing the'hat and inthe-rsepa ratedpositi'on will allow inserting and-removing the hat. In this connectiona,-further detailed feature of my'invention is constructingthe-mold carrying and 1 the bag, carrying part of the ma! chine-to more or less balance each other where, when; the reciprocating motion, is conveyed to bothvpar-tsoi the machine simultaneously,these operateto form altight closure between the mold and the peripheralportion of the, bag, and-after clamping of the mold. and the bag the bag; may be inflated by a' hydraulicmedium. v

A further detailed fe'ature of my invent-ion in 1 7 connection with the opposed-moving parts 'of v of the bag.

the machine that is, the part having;th'e.-mo1d andthe inflatable bag, is. an arrangement pfor operating said devices by a mechanical leverage system -using a series of levers andflinks Ior moving one partrelative to the'other and to' elfect a toggle like pressure action when the mold comesin contact with theperiphery of therubher bag.

Another object and feature of my inventionis operating the press hydraulically in whichone, or more cylinders are utilized toeffect the approach and the separation-of the two parts of the ma;-

chine, the lower part preferably carrying" the mold and the upper part the pressure'bag; jIn-this vhydranrlic arrangement a further feature) andobject of my'invention is the insertingxof equal pressures through the bottom to press the mold upwardlyand'on the-upperrpart'to force the bag downwardly to'form a tight sealbefore inflation Another object and feature of my invention .is a clamp for interen-gaging the mold ca'rrying'element and the bag carrying 'elementtosecure thesein atight relationship prior to thedevelop 12161113 01 the hydraulic pressure of the bag and .thereby 'hold the mold and "the bag Lin-contact without, relying on the weightof the various parts ing'l'drawings' iriwhichz-- .in aiand tightening the; clamping ring.

of -.the machine i or theimechanical or hydraulic action used to contact the mold and-the bag portion of themachine. In: this connection another detailed feature of my invention is et-mechanically operated; type(if-clamp,"saidclamp' havingia split 5 band partly encircling the periphery of-the bag carrying structure and the mold. .earrying structure.-

Inthe hydraulicarrangement--a further object V and feature of'my invention-is a hydraulically op- 10 erated clamp which exerts a pull, on the split band or releases; such bandjfor clamping vor' uncla'mpr ingwthe mold or the bag, carrying partsof the Myinvention;is:illustrated in the accompanyp 5 arr w l oiFi i i I y v v I Fig. 3 -.-is:-a -.vertical section-taken on the "line i3-3-.of Fig. l with the machine in the pressing position. j q f r V l:

---a"section-simi1arto' Fig. 3 with 'the m mes 1 Open i on Fig.- 5 israwplanlof the-splitclamp ring.-

Figxdis-nnenlarged section on the line'6--6 f Fig. Shan -the direction of the arrows.

Figs. 7 and 8 are enlarged fro-ritelevations of the double lever-andlink mechanism for looseng F'ig -figis a detaih partial; horizontal section on the -line 9. 9 of Fig.1 1* illustratingpart of the l e i ih m c n e t Z -r l I V isan elevation partly'-- in section of a l ihydraulicallyaoperated type of machine;

rig. in detailed section on; the" line l H onr ig. 10-;-hQV(lng; part-- of: the "clamp operating the bottomare supported by across head l4. At

ithe 'top of the "rods there is 'a substantialbar or beam I S being adjustablysecured on the screw "threaded ends of these rods and from this bearn where-depends a: neck structure [6; Connected. to I hinge 44.

ing thereon, these walls having openings 26. The" mold block 21 has a central downward projec tion 28 resting on the bottom plate 24. The mold has a lateral flange 29 resting on the upper edge of the side walls 25. The gas 'jet pipes 30 surround the lower part of the mold and the openings 26 form a supply of air for the gas burners for heating the mold. The rods 13 move up and down, carrying the rubber -bag, .and the mold and its supporting structures have a vertical motion on the rods; such "motion being derived as follows: 1 Y i I A cross shaft 3I is m'ounted-inthe frame H of the machine and this carries a double lever 32. This double lever hasa shor't single lever 33 connected thereto and a. link- 34 is swiveled on this lever 33 and to alever 35 which oscillates on a pivot shaft 36 secured to the legs of the-inachine. The pivot shaftisbstzill'ated'by means of a hand lever. 31. A pair of links 38 "connect fr'omone end ofthe doublelever 32 to-lugs-39 on the cross head M, which cross head carries the vertical rods l3, anda'second pair 'ofli'nks 48 are connected from the opposite endof the double lever 32 to lugs 4| on the bottom plate 24 of the mold carrying structure. when the lever 39 is oscillatedit rocks the double lever 32 through the medium of the link 34' and'the action to shift the links.38 and 40 between the positions illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 so that in the position of Fig. 3 the cross head is lowered,

'hence the bag carrying unit is lowered and the mold carrying unit is elevated, and inthe arrangement of Fig. 4 the cross head with the bag carrying unit supported on the rods 13 is'elevated and the mold carrying unit islowered. In the position of Fig. 3 the hat may be siibjected' to the hydraulic pressure and in Fig. 4 the hat may be inserted and removed. f

' The type of clampused comprises a clamping ring 42-having two arms 43 connectedrbya Each of the arms is channel-shaped the cross heads 62. draulic fluid operates in the cylinders it forces the pistons apart'to bring the mold and the secand has a web 45 with upper andlowerflanges 4 6. Projecting inwardly on the upper flange there are a series of studs 41 (note Figs. 5' and 6). Mounted on the front of the armsthere are a pair of lugs '48 to each of which is'pivotally connected a curved link 49. Theselinks attached ,toa

double lever. 50, which double lever may oscillate on a pivot pin 5| which pivot pin is'attached to the rim52 of the dome l8 carrying'theinflatable bag. The lugs 41 are adapted to bear upon this rim and thus maintain the clamp from slipping downwardly. An operating handle 53 is attached to the double lever and maybe utilized to swing this lever to 'exerta pullor athrust on the links and thus pull the arms 4.3 er the clamp into tight clamping engagement or to loosen these arms. The lower flange. of the clamp fits; over the lateral flange of the hat mold structure 23.

Therefore, when the mold and the inflatable bag structure are-brought together and clamped a hydraulic pressure may be inserted in the bag a without any danger of forcing theibagaand the mold apart and not requiring the weight of the various parts to hold these together.

The dome is provided with the usual connections to a hydraulic supply such as a pipe 54 leading to a source of hydraulic supply, a relief pipe 55, a hydraulic pressure gauge 56, and a petcock 5 1 for release of the air in thebag.

A pump 58 is provided operated by a pump handle 53 for pumping the hydraulic fluid into the dome to expand-the rubber bag.

In the operation of the mechanically operated press illustrated in Figs. 1 to 9 it will be apparent that aconsiderable pressure may be exerted between the mold andthe dome element carrying the bag and that this factor in itself'tends to hold the bag firmly in position. In addition to thisthe clamp when secured to the rim of the dome f 8 and to the margin of the'mold absolutely prevents separation of these parts due to the hydraulic pressure devcloped'in the rubber bag in pressing theh'at. In the operation of this device it is necessaryto release the pressure of the bag before the mold-and the bag carrying sectionare platefi'l with side walls 68 extending thereabove.

'These side walls have openings 69 to afford circulation of air to supplythe gas burners. Brackets 10 extend laterally from the side plates and are slidable on the rods 6|. The plate 61 and the side walls support the mold much in the same manner as illustrated in the prior figures, the .mold having an annular flange 'or rim resting on the walls 68. The manner of shifting the upper and lower moving parts of the press utilizes a pair ofhydraulic cylinders H which are supported in a substantial frame-12 attached to the frame 60.

Each of these cylinders has an upper piston 13 and a lower piston 14. Each piston has a piston rod 15. The rods of the upper pistons are secured to the base plate 6! carrying the mold, and the piston rods'of the lower pistons are connected to Therefore, when the hytion carrying the bag together, which action raises the mold andpulls down on the upper unit carrying the bag. In the reverse action for opening the press for inserting and removing the hat, the pistons are drawn together, thus lowering the mold and raising the upper part carrying the cxpansible bag.

-Itis necessary and desirable first to clamp the mold and the upper section having the bag firmly together prior to the hat pressing operation and this isdone by the following mechanism.

The clamp designated generally at 80 has a pair of segments 8|, these being hinged together by a :hingepin 82, such pin being on the outside of one of the rods 6| and the segments curving around F the rodron each side. posite side has an outwardly extending arm 33,

Each segment at the op which arms support piston rods 84 (note particularly Figs. 10, ll, 12, and I3) Such piston rods operate through the heads of a pair of connected memes-r1 between the arms and the ends of=the cylinders,

suchrsprings tending to force the pistons "outwardly-and' thus open up the clamp. Whenthe cylinders are moved in by hydraulicpressure-as detailed below: the clamp-is tightened and maintained in its tightened-clamped position;

The general hydraulic power mechanism 'for operating the main cylinder's II andlalso the clamp utilizes a hydraulic compressor Lor pump 89, this drawing from a supply tank -BII, there 7 bein g a pipe SI frorn 'the tankto thepump and-a I fromi the control valve there isla pipe- 94 back-to the tank; 'Branching iromthe 'control valve :there isa lead 95 withbranches SBand -B'Ileading to the center of the cylinders' 'II Another lead :98has branches-'99 and IIlO-to"the-'outer'ends'of "the 'cylin'ders. There is a bypass :I 0I having -check =valves I02 and 103 short circuiting the control-valve.- p 3 r I 1 The control valve illustrated particularly in -Fig's514 and15 isprovided'witha valvecasing as the-pump is continually voperated =when the desired pressure is reached, the oilis' bypasse'd'by athe bypass llii to-the storage tank90. Whenthe oil is flowing into the centef'of "thesecylinders through the-pipe 95 it is flowing out of the-ends throughlthe pipe 98 and backby the connection :I B'Ito the storage tank,- theinflowbeingthrough theconnection' Hi5. 'Whenthe oil is beingforced to the outer end of the cylinders as in Fig. l'fi the force-fiowis through the r'zonnectiori {I05 from 'thelead 92m 98 and' the returnis' from thelead 95, the connection I116, -and' the-lead l lto the 'oiltank. a I a i p In controlling the clamping cylinders, the pump has I a supply line I339, a controlling valve H 0, andlret'urn line I II, and aline i IZ frOm the storbranches I I4 and I I5, these branches connecting to the ends ofthe clamping cylinders'outsideof the pistons. A" bypass I I6 is "arranged 1 havinga checkvalve I I'I'there'in.

In this hydraulic clamping :the valve *I H) may be operated to'st'op'the flow through the'pipe III and divert'it from-'thepipesfllils' to'IF4 "andII'li I and: hence force the pistons inwardly "againstthe compressionof the springs-88; Thisaction draws" "in on the clamping segments "and clampsflthe dome-and the mold assembly, When the desired pressure'has been reached in these clamping-cylinders the check valve"! Hallows the' excess oil to flow through'the'bypass I'I'Bf'badk to the pipe I i I and thence to the oil tank.

it is obviousthatmay otherdifferentarrangements of valves-anti hydraulic pipe-iconnecti ons.

can be used, the essential characteristics being that hen the-mold assembly'and the 'dome'vvith the bag are brought into contact the clampmay be operated to clamp theseelements'togetherand hold them in this clamped position when thepress is 'in', operation and then to release )the clamp; the spring forcing thepistons outwardly 'and'thus returning the hydraulicj'fiuidto "the 'storagetank.

."xinn'zimportant.icharacteristic; of my invention fromathe standpoint ofipracticability Jami utility Sis thatithe mold:sectionrhaving themoldblockand therldometcarrying 'the bagholding stiuctureican be "made comparatively :lighttan'd substantially counterbalanced; These when inaepositionfior pressing and blocking a'thati canihave flthefclam'ps operated-to engage? the flanges oriimargins of the mold member and the dome member'fbutsthis-l I clamp doesn0tlneedto be of such character as to pre'sslthese'two parts together "tightlyi The flanges or marginal edgesof the dome or'the inol'd "are .broughtinto tighti fitting relation with the clampsi'whenpress'ure is developed in -the rubber bag which causes 'a slight expansion or separation of ithe .moldmembenandthe dome rnember; Therefore, "the greater "the pressure r in pressing :or blocking a 'hat 'thei tighter is the clamping' action, hence the parts :do :not need to be made heavy to withstand an internal pressure except such as is sufficient to hold the pressure sbut not sufficient to holdthe elements in theirtpo'sition forpressing. q I I a Anotherimportant characteristic: of the invention is that the supply pump "for developing the hydraulic pressure in the bag 5 is carried :by the ldome member. Therefore, this pump is always in a 'positionto be operated to increase thepressure in the bag and does not require "a flexible 'hose connection from a hydraulic pressure -source connected to the' feed pipe 54. Therefore, the

water-supply is also carried directly by theatlome.

Various changes may 1 be made in the details so 'to the-'expansiblebag; In practice a water vessel or reservoir is carried l by the-dome and directly of 'construction without departing from thespirit or scope of the invention' as defined bythe'app ndedclaimsx M Iclaim: I l A l. 'Amoldhavin'g in combination a stand with apa'ir of vertical rods slidably mounted therein; adome having an expansiblebag connectedto 'the upper ends of the rods, a bottom'plate supporting a mold with means toheatthe mold, the

means, to-c1arnpthe dome with the bag-when incontact withthe mold, ands pump means on of the reciprocating means.

2; Apress having in combination a"stand,'a

the dome -to expand; the said bag independently pair of guide rods'slidably mounted'therein and fihavi n'g a' 'lower and an upper cross headlc'onnectingthe'rods, a dome connectedtotheul per .crosshead and having an expansiblebag depend ing therefrom, a bottomjplatehaving a mold. jm'oun'ted thereon, the said bottom plate being guided on the rods, a liftingand lowering means mounted in the stand andlhaving'an operative connectionto thelower cross head andftothe said bottom; plate to simultaneously reciprocate the bottom plate'withpthe mold and the dome with'the bag in c ipposite directions,,meansto.

clamp thedome and the moldfwhen in engagement, and a pump means on the dome-to ex pand'the bag independently or the reciprocating (means. a i Y 1 3. A press having a mold astructure having an expansible' bag to fit in the mold mean's to simultaneously'move both the mold anid the structure havingthe bag toward "and from each other, "a

dome having an expansible bag mounted for vertical reciprocation with, the; dome superposed,

. means tosimultaneously move boththe mold and the dome toward from each other a clampand'from each other, a clamping means engaging the rim of the said structure and the mold-.to

holdsame in engagement, and ,means to inflate the bag operative independently of said moving means and subsequent to contacting and .clampingof the mold and the said structure.

- 5. Aipress having a mold witha peripheral flange or rim, a dome structure having a. periph eral rim, an expansible bag secured to the dome structure 'tofit in the mold, means, to simulttaneously 'move' both the mold and the dome withpthe bag toward and from each other,- a

clamp engaging the rims of thedome'and the mold to hold same in engagement, and meansv to inflate the. bag operative independently of" said moving means and subsequent to contacting and clamping of the mold and the said structure. w

,6. A press having a guide structure with a mold and a: dome having an expansible bag superposed above the mold, means to simultaneously move the mold and the said dome with the bag 'in a vertical direction toward and from each other to insert the bag in the mold, the saiddome and mold each having a peripheral rim or flange, a clamp having segments engaging the .said rims, and means to; secure said clamp to retain the said dome and mold in a contiguous position, and means toinflate the bag operative independently of said moving means and subsequent toclamping of the mold and dome. i

7 Aprcss having a; guide structure, a mold, a

ing ,means carried bythe dome and engaging the mold to clampthe dome, and the mold together,

anda pump on the dome to inflate the bag operative, independently of the moving ,means and subsequent to clamping of the dome'and the mold. i

,BVA press-as claimed in claim 7,the dome;and

:thernold eachhaving apcripheral rim or flange, and the clamp comprising segments following the contour of thesaid rims or flanges the said segmentshaving upper and, lower flanges to engage the upper; surface of the flange on the dome and .thelower surface of the flange on the mold, the

bag-when inflated causing a tight fit of, the flanges and the clamp.

. .9. A press having in combination a stand with a guide means connected thereto a mlold, a dome having an expansible bag mounted in said guide means withthe dome superposed fa hydraulic cylinder, a connection from the cylinder tothe mold andjtothe dome to simultaneously move the mold independently of] said movi'ngponnection and subsequent to'contacting of the'moldand dome,

and ,a; clamping means to engage the mold and the dome and to retain same in a contiguous,

;P0 l-- 1 10. A presscomprising in combination astand,

a, pair of lifting and guide rods slidably mounted therein, a 'lowerand upper crosshead connecting the rods,aa mold slidably mounted on said rods, adome having an expansible bag, connected to itheupper crosshead, a. hydraulic cylinder mount- ,ed; in the stand and'having pistons therein with piston rods connecting to the mold and the lower crosshead, means to=,control a flow of hydraulic ,fluid-to and from'the cylinder to simultaneously movethemold and the dome toward and from each other; andra pump on the dome to inflate the ,bag;

11. A; press comprising in combination a stand having ,guide rods with lower and upper crossheads connecting said rods, the rods being verth cally movable in the sand, a mold slidably mountedon the rods, a dome having an expansiblebag connected to the uppercrossheada rock shaft mounted in the stand, a lever and link connectionbetween said rock shaft and the mold :and the lower crosshead, means to rock said shaft 'to simultaneously-move the mold and the dome toward and from each other, and meansto inflatethe ba ,1 said mold and dome being substantially counterbalanced on the rock shaft.

1 2;. A. press havinga stand, a pair of vertical rods slidably mounted in the stand, a pressure structure connected to the upper ends of the rods,

acrosshead connected to the lower ends of the rods, a mold slidably mounted on the rods, an

operating means interconnected between the mold and, the crosshead-whereby the pressure ,structure andthe mold substantially balance each other, and a common control device for said operating means to simultaneously lower the pressure structure with the rods and to simultaneously raise the mold to bring these into contact andinto pressure relation, and by an opposite simultaneous movement separate the pressure structure and the mold, the pressure structure and the mold having laterally projecting flanges,

andaremovableclamp having means to engage andrelease said flanges, and means operative after; contact of the pressure structure andthe vmold toexert a. hydraulic pressure therebetween. .13, A press havinga stand, a pair of vertically slidable rods in the stand having a pressure structure connected to their upper ends, a mold structure slidably mounted on said rods, a rock shaft, a leverand link connection between the rock shaft and the mold structure and between said rock shaft and said rods, said connections causing the pressure structure and the mold to substantially counterbalance each other, and an operating device to actuate said rock shaft to simultaneously raise the mold and to lower the pressure structure to bring these into engagement, or vice versa to simultaneously lower the 'mold and raise the pressure structure for sep- 'to clamp the pressure structure and the mold p structure together,

and the. dometoward and from eachother, a pump on the dome to {inflate the bag operative 14.. A pressrhaving a stand, a pair of slidable rods, a pressure structure connected to the upper ends of said rods, acrosshead to the lower ends, a mold structure slidably mounted on the rods, a pressure cylinder having pistons therein, one piston being connected to the mold structure .and the other to the lower crosshead, said con nections permitting substantial balancing of the pressure structure and the mold structure, and means to actuate said cylinders and pistons to simultaneously raise the mold and lower the pressure structure, or vice versa to lower the mold and to raise the pressure structure.

15. A press as claimed in claim 14, a clamp having a plurality of arms, the pressure structure of the mold having flanges, said arms encircling the flanges, and a hydraulic means having a cylinder and piston to bring the arms into clamping relation with said flanges.

16. A press having a stand, an upper pressure structure slidably mounted in relation to the stand, a lower mold structure also slidably mounted in relation to the stand, each of said structures having a lateral flange, means to simultaneously raise the mold and lower the pressure structure to bring these together, a clamp having a plurality of pairs of arms pivotally connected together and carried by the flange on the pressure structure, the arms engaging the flange on the mold structure, and means to tighten said arms into clamping relation with the flanges, said clamping arms and the flanges being a means for holding the pressurestructure and mold in pressure relation during the pressing operation.

17. A press comprising, in combination, a mold,

a dome having an expansible bag, a moving means for simultaneously moving the mold and the dome toward and from each other, said moving means being adapted to substantially counterbalance the mold and the dome, a clamping means carried by the dome and engaging the mold to clamp the mold and dome together when in engagement and to hold these in clamped relation independent of the moving means, and means operative subsequent to the mold and dome engaging and being clamped to inflate the bag.

18. A press comprising, in combination, a frame structure having a guide, a mold, a dome having an expansible bag mounted for vertical reciprocation in the guide with the dome superposed, a moving means for simultaneously moving the mold and the dome toward and from each other, a clamping means carried by the pressure independent of the frame structure'or the moving means.

19. A press having a frame with a guide structure, a lower mold, an upper dome having an expansible bag mounted in the guide structure,

a moving means for simultaneously moving the mold and the dome with the bag in a vertical direction toward and from each other to insert the bag in the mold, the dome and the mold eachv having a peripheral rim or flange, a clamp having segments engaging said rims, means to secure the clamp to secure said mold and dome in contiguous position prior to exerting of pressure, a pump on the dome to inflate the bag operative subsequent to the mold and dome engaging and being clamped, said clamps holding the mold and the dome in operative position independently the mold and independently of the said moving means.

21. A press as claimed in claim 20, means for interconnecting and clamping the mold and the dome when in contact, the said clamping means transmitting tension stresses between the mold and the dome when the said bag is inflated.

22. A press having a mold with a peripheral flange, a dome having a peripheral rim, an expansible bag secured to the dome to fit in the mold, means to move the mold and the dome towards each other to bring same in contact, the said moving means being adapted to simultaneously separate the mold and the dome, a clamp loosely engaging the flange and the rim when in contact, and a pump on the dome to inflate the bag operativesubsequently to the contacting and clamping of the dome and the mold and operative independently of the said moving means.

,MORRIS A. SCHWARTZ.

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