US20040139781A1 - Method for producing forgings mainly made of metals and alloys of titanium group and a forging system for carrying out said method - Google Patents

Method for producing forgings mainly made of metals and alloys of titanium group and a forging system for carrying out said method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040139781A1
US20040139781A1 US10/477,731 US47773103A US2004139781A1 US 20040139781 A1 US20040139781 A1 US 20040139781A1 US 47773103 A US47773103 A US 47773103A US 2004139781 A1 US2004139781 A1 US 2004139781A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
forging
hammer
rough
hammer block
blocks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US10/477,731
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English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Rozhdestvenskiy
Yurie Artamonov
Sergey Ahtonov
Vitaliy Konovalov
Vladimir Kotrekhov
Viktor Lazorkin
Anatoliy Lositskiy
Igor Nozdrin
Valeriy Prohorov
Yuriy Ternovoy
Gennadiy Cheremnykh
Alexandr Shikov
Oleg Bocharov
Vladimir Philippov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JOINT STOCK Co \"CHEPETSKIY MECHANICAL PLANT\"
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JOINT STOCK Co \"CHEPETSKIY MECHANICAL PLANT\"
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Application filed by JOINT STOCK Co \"CHEPETSKIY MECHANICAL PLANT\" filed Critical JOINT STOCK Co \"CHEPETSKIY MECHANICAL PLANT\"
Publication of US20040139781A1 publication Critical patent/US20040139781A1/en
Assigned to JOINT STOCK COMPANY \"CHEPETSKIY MECHANICAL PLANT\" reassignment JOINT STOCK COMPANY \"CHEPETSKIY MECHANICAL PLANT\" ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ARTAMONOV, YURIE VIKTOROVICH, LAZORKIN, VIKTOR ANDREEVICH, TERNOVOY, YURIY FEDOROVICH, AHTONOV, SEERGEY GENNADJEVICH, BOCHAROV, OLEG VIKTOROVICH, KONOVALOV, VITALIY FEDOROVICH, KOTREKHOV, VLADIMIR ANDREEVICH, PHILIPPOV, VLADIMIR BORISOVICH, CHEREMNYKH, GENNADIY SERGEEVICH, LOSITSKIY, ANATOLIY FRANTSEVICH, NOZDRIN, IGOR VIKTOROVICH, PROHOROV, VALERIY VASILJEVICH, ROZHDESTVENSKIY, VLADIMIR VLADIMIROVICH, SHIKOV, ALEXANDR KONSTANTINOVICH
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B21J13/10Manipulators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/04Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02Dies or mountings therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14Forging machines working with several hammers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of metals non-cutting shaping, and particularly, to method of production of forged pieces from ingots and preliminary deformed in forging complexes billets; at that, these complexes consist of hydraulic forging presses with one or two manipulators and equipped with four-hammer block forging devices.
  • the invention can be used in machine-building and metallurgical industries for producing of forged pieces mainly of metals and alloys from the subgroup of Titanium (Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium) and also for manufacturing of forged pieces of Niobium, Tantalum and their alloys. All these metals and alloys on their bases are combined by the fact, that they actively absorb gases and oxidize at high temperatures when preheating before deformation and during hot deformation itself.
  • a production process has been proposed for manufacturing of zirconium alloy billets used for producing components for cores of nuclear power reactors—fuel elements claddings and other structural components.
  • the production process comprises producing of ingot by vacuum-arc (or electron beam) melting, forging of preheated ingot with press or hammer to produce definitely sized rods, hot extrusion of rods and cold rolling with intermediate and final thermal treatments.
  • the most important stage in the production process is the method of manufacturing of forged pieces, comprising preheating of ingot to the ⁇ -phase temperature, followed by forging of the latter in press or hammer at the temperature when zirconium alloy is in ⁇ and ⁇ + ⁇ phases. Additional billet preheatings are carried on, if necessary.
  • Forging complex provides simultaneous operation of press and two manipulators in manual, semiautomatic and automatic modes, which results in high level of process mechanization and automatization, while tooling change is carried on by moving of the tool table in predetermined position by operator order from press control board.
  • the forging complex comprising forging press with upper and low plates with locks for clamping and fixing of forging tooling; movable tool table with several positions of forging tool change; forging tooling, consisting of two or more four-hammer block forging devices, located in positions of tool table; and two manipulators (Lazorkin V. A., Ckorniakov Yu. N., Tyurin V. A., Zaluzhny Yu. G., Kulikov V. A., Degtiariova T. V. Increasing of efficiency of forging drawing of billets of special steels and alloys in presses. Magazine “Forging-stamping production”, 1994, #2, pp. 3-5).
  • This forging complex which has been chosen as prototype of the present invention, provides considerably higher operative efficiency of the process in comparison with automatic forging complexes equipped with traditionally used tooling—flat and cut out hammer blocks.
  • An object of the invention is to establish the method of producing of forged pieces and forging complex on base of four-hammer block forging devices for this method realization, which provide the increase of operative efficiency, metal yield, accuracy of forged pieces and also high surface quality of round cross section forged pieces, mainly of Titanium metals and alloys subgroup.
  • a further solution of the problem is attained also when at initial stage of rough forging, manipulator, which holds the ingot, performs one feed of the ingot into working area of four-hammer block forging device for rough forging, followed by several ingot swaging and tilting stages without feed, till the forged portion of the ingot is clamped by other manipulator.
  • a further solution of the problem is attained also when prior to forging in one or several four-hammer block forging device for rough forging the forging of the ingot is carried on by two hammer blocks.
  • the area of free space between hammer blocks of forging device for calibrating forging with closed hammer blocks is 1.1-1.4 times less than the area of free space between hammer blocks of forging device for rough forging, having minimum area of free space between hammer blocks at closed position of hammer blocks, and working surface of every hammer block in four-hammer block forging device for rough forging is made in a form of a plane parallel to hammer block's supporting plane with two adjacent at 135-170° lateral planes.
  • FIG. 1 presents the schematic drawing of forging complex with two manipulators, top view
  • FIG. 2 front view of forging press with four-hammer block forging devices
  • FIG. 3 front view of forging press in position, at which four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging is mounted in press working area;
  • FIG. 4 hammer blocks of four-hammer block forging device for rough forging in closed position
  • FIG. 5 hammer blocks of four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging in closed position
  • FIG. 6 hammer blocks of four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging of round cross section forged pieces with curvilinear working surfaces
  • FIG. 7 section A-A in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 section B-B in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 section C-C in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 10 section D-D in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 6 dotted line shows forged piece diameter d after calibration, and in FIGS. 9 , 10 —curvature radii R 1 and R 2 of working sections of hammer blocks, positioned in mutually perpendicular planes.
  • Forging complex consists of forging press 1 , manipulators 2 , 3 , movable tool table 4 with several /shown 4 / positions of forging tooling change, forging tooling /four-hammer block forging devices 5 . . . 8 /, control board 9 /FIG. 1/.
  • Four-hammer block forging device 5 is attached to upper 10 and low 11 plates of press and tool table by means of special clamps /not shown/ /FIG. 2/.
  • a number of four-hammer block forging devices, located in position of tool table prior to forging process, is defined depending on accepted production process. However, it should be at least one four-hammer block forging device for rough forging and one four-hammer block forging device for calibrating of forged pieces 12 /FIG. 3/.
  • the area of free space between hammer blocks in cross section of forging device for rough forging /F/ with closed position of hammer blocks is designated in FIG. 4 by letters abcd.
  • the area of free space between hammer blocks in cross section of forging device for calibrating forging /F′/ with closed position of hammer blocks is designated in FIG. 5 by letters a′b′c′d′.
  • the claimed production method of forged pieces in described (FIG. 1 . . . FIG. 10) forging complex is carried on as follows.
  • For this purpose necessary four-hammer block forging devices for rough and calibrating forging with necessary sets of hammer blocks are installed in position of tool table, and just before discharge of the ingot /billet/ preheated to forging temperature from the furnace, forging device 5 for rough forging is supplied into working area of press 1 by means of tool table 4 /FIG. 2/.
  • press control board 9 operator orders to attach the upper movable part of forging device to the upper plate 10 of press movable crossbeam by means of special clamps /not shown in drawing/ /FIGS. 1 , 2 /. After performing of these steps forging press is ready for operation.
  • Preheated to forging temperature ingot of Titanium subgroup metals and alloys /Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium/ or Niobium, Tantalum or their alloys are discharged from the heating furnace and by means of manipulator 2 are fed to press working area 1 , where it is forged in four-hammer block forging device 5 for rough forging /FIG. 1/.
  • manipulator 2 In process of plastic deformation after every single swaging by manipulator 2 there is performed the feed of the ingot, or after every single swaging there is performed the feed and the tilting of the ingot around its longitudinal axis, depending on accepted forging process.
  • manipulator 3 grips the ingot by the forged portion and simultaneously with manipulator 2 performs feed or feed with tilting of the ingot /FIG. 1/.
  • Forging is carried on in permissible forging temperatures range with forging reduction ratio 2:1-32.0:1 for one heating of the ingot /without additional heating/.
  • Forging is carried on in two stages, starting with rough forging in one or several four-hammer block forging devices for rough forging, and then calibrating forging in four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging with forging reduction ratio 1.05:1-1.8:1 and embracing of perimeter of billet cross section at every single swaging by each pair of working sections of the hammer blocks by 40-100%.
  • Calibrating of forged pieces with square and rectangular cross sections is carried on by hammer blocks with flat working surfaces, and calibrating of forged pieces with round cross sections is carried on by hammer blocks with concave curvilinear surfaces.
  • drawing of the ingot is carried on in several four-hammer block forging devices for rough forging.
  • billet is withdrawn from press working zone, the movable part of forging device 5 is disconnected from press upper plate 1 and this device is withdrawn from press working zone /FIG. 1/.
  • four-hammer block forging device for rough forging 6 is introduced into press working zone and is attached by its upper movable portion to the plate of press 1 . After this, forging of billet in forging device 6 is continued.
  • the same operation step is carried on after mounting one more four-hammer block forging device 7 for rough forging.
  • ingot /billet/ when it is necessary to carry on forging with high forging reduction ratio /Y>15:1/, ingot /billet/ shall be as short as possible, so that the length of the final forged piece should not exceed the maximum permissible length provided in this equipment. Then, in the initial stage of rough forging, manipulator, which holds the short ingot, performs its single feed into working zone of the four-hammer block forging device for rough forging, followed by several swaging and tilting of ingot without feeding, till the forged portion of the ingot is gripped by other manipulator. Then forging is carried on with two manipulators.
  • each hammer block in its cross section has concave curvilinear shape with variable curvature radius /FIG. 9, 10 /.
  • Weight of cast billet was 1205 kg.
  • the area of free space between hammer blocks of forging device for calibrating forging with closed hammer blocks was 1.2 times less than the area of free space between hammer blocks of the second four-hammer block forging device for rough forging, i.e. forging device for rough forging with minimum area of free space between hammer blocks of two similar devices at closed position of hammer blocks.
  • Working surfaces of each hammer block in four-hammer block forging device for rough forging consisted of central face, located parallel to supporting face of hammer block and two lateral faces, adjacent to the central face from both sides at an angle 135°.
  • Cast billet with diameter 450 mm was forged according to the following scheme: ingot ⁇ 450 mm ⁇ 360 ⁇ 360 mm ⁇ 290 ⁇ 290 mm ⁇ 220 ⁇ 220 mm ⁇ 160 ⁇ 160 mm ⁇ 120 ⁇ 120 mm ⁇ 113 mm.
  • Forging was carried on in two stages: first rough forging in two four-hammer block forging devices for rough forging, then calibrating forging in four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging. Total forging reduction ratio was 15.9:1.
  • Forging of the billet with cross section dimension up to 220 ⁇ 220 mm (forging reduction ratio 3.28:1) was carried on in the first forging device for rough forging, and with cross section dimension up to 120 ⁇ 120 mm—in the second four-hammer block forging device for rough forging.
  • square billet with cross section 120 ⁇ 120 mm was forged in four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging into forged pieces with diameter 113 mm (forging reduction ratio 1.44:1).
  • embracing of perimeter of billet cross section at every single swaging by each pair of working sections of the hammer blocks by 80-90% was carried on.
  • billets with diameter 109 ⁇ 0.05 with hole diameter 28.5 0.5 mm and 190 mm long were produced from obtained forged pieces with diameter 113 mm by mechanical treatment.
  • Forging is stopped. 8 15.9:1 1.4:1 30 3900 83.1 2
  • Forged piece surface has hammer blocks imprints. 9 25.2:1 1.6:1 60-80 4190 84.5 1 Prior to forging in four- hammer blocks forging devices ingot forging was carried on by two hammer blocks. 10 15.9 — — 2036 69.4 5
  • Forged basic piece subject surface has coarse marks of hammer blocks 11 15.9:1 — — 3350 80.1 2-3 Hammer prototype block imprints on forged piece surface
  • the claimed production method of forged pieces mainly of Titanium subgroup metals and alloys and forging complex for this method realization provide increase of operative efficiency 1.4-2.3 times, metal yield by 2-15.2%, decrease of tolerances of forged pieces cross section dimension 2-5 times, and also improvement of forged pieces surface quality.
US10/477,731 2002-04-04 2002-08-15 Method for producing forgings mainly made of metals and alloys of titanium group and a forging system for carrying out said method Abandoned US20040139781A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2002108590/02A RU2220020C1 (ru) 2002-04-04 2002-04-04 Способ изготовления поковок преимущественно из металлов и сплавов подгруппы титана и ковочный комплекс для его осуществления
RU2002108590 2002-04-04
PCT/RU2002/000389 WO2003084696A1 (fr) 2002-04-04 2002-08-15 Procede de fabrication de pieces forgees principalement a partir de metaux et d'alliages du sous-groupe de titane et systeme de forgeage prevu a cet effet

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US (1) US20040139781A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1491272A1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20040093654A (zh)
CN (1) CN1246104C (zh)
CA (1) CA2449107A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2220020C1 (zh)
UA (1) UA73393C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2003084696A1 (zh)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060090821A1 (en) * 2003-01-13 2006-05-04 Pierre Barberis Method of producing a zirconium alloy semi-finished product for the production of elongated product and use thereof
US7197809B2 (en) * 2004-01-12 2007-04-03 Ultraflex Spa Method for fabricating an helical stranded cable, particularly for mechanical motion transmission, and cable produced by that method
US20090071219A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Western Canada Machining Inc. Apparatus and method for forging premium coupling blanks
JP2016209908A (ja) * 2015-05-11 2016-12-15 日立金属株式会社 熱間鍛造用金型
CZ306461B6 (cs) * 2015-09-30 2017-02-01 Vysoká Škola Báňská - Technická Univerzita Ostrava Způsob výroby kovaných pravoúhlých desek z dutých ingotů
EP3281719A4 (en) * 2015-04-06 2018-12-19 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Hot forging die and hot forging method
EP3281720A4 (en) * 2015-04-06 2018-12-19 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Hot forging die and hot forging method
CN110193579A (zh) * 2019-07-04 2019-09-03 天津重型装备工程研究有限公司 一种加氢反应器过渡段与筒体一体化锻造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
UA98409C2 (ru) * 2011-02-14 2012-05-10 Виктор Андреевич ЛАЗОРКИН Способ получения поковок
CN102794380B (zh) * 2012-02-29 2013-07-24 张家港市九鼎机械有限公司 一种闭塞式多向锻造装置
US9821367B2 (en) * 2013-06-24 2017-11-21 Sms Meer Gmbh Four-die tool and forging press
RU2564189C1 (ru) * 2014-09-24 2015-09-27 Акционерное общество "Высокотехнологический научно-исследовательский институт неорганических материалов имени академика А.А. Бочвара", RU Способ изготовления трубных изделий из гафния
CN116638036A (zh) * 2021-04-07 2023-08-25 陕西斯坦特生物科技有限公司 基于径向锻锤的髋关节柄锻件的径向锻造制坯方法及系统
CN116984537B (zh) * 2023-09-26 2023-12-22 定襄县国强锻压有限公司 一种用于轴类锻件的自由锻制造方法

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US20020017123A1 (en) * 2000-06-23 2002-02-14 Rupert Wieser Method for forging a metallic workpiece
US6984272B2 (en) * 2002-01-15 2006-01-10 Toho Titanium Co., Ltd. Process for producing titanium material for target, titanium material for target, and sputtering target using the same

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US3626746A (en) * 1969-02-25 1971-12-14 Fives Lille Cail Work reducing and shaping apparatus
US20020017123A1 (en) * 2000-06-23 2002-02-14 Rupert Wieser Method for forging a metallic workpiece
US6984272B2 (en) * 2002-01-15 2006-01-10 Toho Titanium Co., Ltd. Process for producing titanium material for target, titanium material for target, and sputtering target using the same

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060090821A1 (en) * 2003-01-13 2006-05-04 Pierre Barberis Method of producing a zirconium alloy semi-finished product for the production of elongated product and use thereof
US7763132B2 (en) * 2003-01-13 2010-07-27 Compagnie Europeenne Du Zirconium-Cezus Method of producing a zirconium alloy semi-finished product for the production of elongated product and use thereof
US7197809B2 (en) * 2004-01-12 2007-04-03 Ultraflex Spa Method for fabricating an helical stranded cable, particularly for mechanical motion transmission, and cable produced by that method
US20090071219A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Western Canada Machining Inc. Apparatus and method for forging premium coupling blanks
EP3281719A4 (en) * 2015-04-06 2018-12-19 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Hot forging die and hot forging method
EP3281720A4 (en) * 2015-04-06 2018-12-19 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Hot forging die and hot forging method
JP2016209908A (ja) * 2015-05-11 2016-12-15 日立金属株式会社 熱間鍛造用金型
CZ306461B6 (cs) * 2015-09-30 2017-02-01 Vysoká Škola Báňská - Technická Univerzita Ostrava Způsob výroby kovaných pravoúhlých desek z dutých ingotů
CN110193579A (zh) * 2019-07-04 2019-09-03 天津重型装备工程研究有限公司 一种加氢反应器过渡段与筒体一体化锻造方法

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CN1512922A (zh) 2004-07-14
WO2003084696A1 (fr) 2003-10-16
EP1491272A1 (en) 2004-12-29
KR20040093654A (ko) 2004-11-06
UA73393C2 (en) 2005-07-15
RU2220020C1 (ru) 2003-12-27
CN1246104C (zh) 2006-03-22
CA2449107A1 (en) 2003-10-16

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