US20020066833A1 - Cable hanger - Google Patents
Cable hanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20020066833A1 US20020066833A1 US09/728,151 US72815100A US2002066833A1 US 20020066833 A1 US20020066833 A1 US 20020066833A1 US 72815100 A US72815100 A US 72815100A US 2002066833 A1 US2002066833 A1 US 2002066833A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- passageway
- gripping
- holding section
- hanger
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005224 forefinger Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L3/00—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets
- F16L3/02—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets partly surrounding the pipes, cables or protective tubing
- F16L3/04—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets partly surrounding the pipes, cables or protective tubing and pressing it against a wall or other support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
- H02G3/30—Installations of cables or lines on walls, floors or ceilings
- H02G3/32—Installations of cables or lines on walls, floors or ceilings using mounting clamps
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a cable hanger and, more particularly, to a cable hanger including a flexible metallic strip, with the metallic strip having attachment legs formed at opposite ends thereof for being inserted into an installation opening of a support structure, and a medial portion between the attachment legs for releasably holding a section of cable.
- a problem with some cable hangers of the above-described type is that they do not strike an optimal balance between performance characteristics. For example, some that are capable of being sufficiently securely mounted to a support structure and capable of sufficiently securely gripping a cable are relatively difficult to install by hand.
- Another problem stems from the fact that it is common for the size of installation openings of support structures and the diameters and cross-sectional shapes of cables to vary.
- Some cable hangers of the above-described type are disadvantageously very sensitive to these variations. For example, some cable hangers can be very difficult to install or uninstall when used with oversized or misshaped cables, and the ability of some cable hangers to hold a cable diminishes considerably when used with slightly undersized or misshaped cables.
- a cable hanger which includes a flexible resilient strip.
- the strip preferably has attachment legs formed at opposite ends thereof configured for being inserted into an installation opening on a support structure.
- the strip also has a medial portion between the attachment legs and shaped to form a cable holding section defining a longitudinally extending passageway for receiving and at least partially surrounding the cable.
- the cable holding section includes a slot extending at least partially around the circumferential extent of the passageway.
- the slot defines a torsion spring in the cable holding section.
- the torsion spring extends along at least one side of the slot and at least partially around the passageway.
- the slot preferably extends around at least about one-half the circumferential extent of the passageway.
- At least one gripping projection projects from the torsion spring and is oriented for grippingly engaging the surface of a cable placed in the passageway so that the torsion spring is torsionally deflected.
- the gripping projection is preferably a cantilevered gripping tab that projects laterally into the slot.
- an additional slot is formed in the cable holding section and extends at least partially around the circumferential extent of the passageway.
- the additional slot defines an additional torsion spring in the cable holding section.
- the additional torsion spring extends at least partially around the passageway and is capable of torsional deflection.
- At least one gripping projection which is preferably a gripping tab, projects from the additional torsion spring and is oriented for grippingly engaging the surface of a cable placed in the passageway so that the additional torsion spring is torsionally deflected.
- each gripping tab includes a gripping protrusion formed therein and facing inwardly toward the passageway for gripping the surface of a cable.
- at least one additional gripping protrusion is formed on the cable holding section at a location spaced from the gripping tabs for gripping another portion of the surface of the cable.
- the cable holding section includes a first circumferentially extending slot formed in the cable holding section and extending at least partially around the circumferential extent of the passageway, and a pair of second circumferentially extending slots formed in the cable holding section on opposite sides of the first slot.
- the first slot and the pair of second slots define in the cable holding section along opposite sides of the first slot a pair of torsion springs extending at least partially around the passageway and capable of torsional deflection.
- at least one gripping projection projects from the torsion spring and is oriented for grippingly engaging the surface of a cable placed in the longitudinal passageway.
- the first slot is of substantially uniform width along its extent, and each of the second slots include respective reduced width portions defining the gripping projections so that they are in the form of cantilevered gripping tabs.
- Each gripping tab preferably includes a gripping protrusion formed therein and facing inwardly toward the passageway for gripping the surface of a cable.
- the cable holding section further includes a pair of bands adjacent the second slots.
- the bands extend circumferentially at least partially around the passageway.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cable hanger exploded away from a section of cable and a support structure, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the hanger of FIG. 1 with the cable and support structure schematically illustrated, and the bottom plan view is identical to the top plan view;
- FIG. 3 is partially schematic, isolated, right side elevation view of the hanger of FIG. 1, and the left side elevation view is a mirror image of the right side elevation view;
- FIG. 4 is a partially schematic cross-sectional view of the hanger taken along line 4 - 4 of FIG. 3.
- a cable hanger in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is designated by the numeral 10 , and the hanger is shown exploded away from a section of conventional cable 12 and a conventional support structure 14 .
- the hanger 10 includes a flexible resilient metallic strip.
- the strip preferably has attachment legs 15 formed at opposite ends thereof, and a medial portion that is between the attachment legs 15 .
- the medial portion forms a cable holding section 16 of the hanger that is for extending around and releasably holding the section of cable 12 .
- the pair of dashed lines that extend from the cable 12 are schematically illustrative of the cable extending through the cable holding section 16 .
- the attachment legs 15 are for being inserted into an installation opening 20 defined by the support structure 14 to releasably connect the hanger, and the cable 12 held by the hanger, to the support structure.
- the hanger 10 is configured to include one or more springs, preferably torsion springs, which provide for enhanced tolerance in dimensional variations while assuring secure fastening of the cable.
- the springs function, preferably in combination with gripping protrusions 21 (also see FIGS. 2 - 4 ), to assure that the hanger performs its intended function.
- components of the cable holding section 16 function as a compound spring, including both a torsion spring element and a cantilever spring element.
- intermediate bands 22 function as the torsion springs, and gripping projections (e.g., gripping tabs 24 ) respectively project from the intermediate bands for grippingly engaging the surface of a cable 12 held by the cable holding section 16 .
- the gripping projections are preferably in the form of gripping tabs 24 that function as cantilever springs.
- the hanger 10 has an enhanced tolerance to inconsistencies in installation openings 20 and cables 12 , can be relatively easily manually attached to the support structure 14 without requiring the use of tools, such as pliers, remains securely (but removably) attached to the support structure, and is capable of securely gripping cables.
- the section of cable 12 extends in a longitudinal direction through the cable holding section 16 while being held by the hanger 10 .
- the cable holding section 16 has a generally circular configuration and extends at least partially around a longitudinal axis to define a longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the cable 12 extends approximately coaxially within the longitudinal passageway 26 while being held by the cable holding section 16 .
- the cable holding section 16 includes longitudinally extending marginal portions 28 that are spaced apart from one another in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- a lateral opening or passageway 30 that is open to the longitudinal passageway 26 is partially defined between the marginal portions 28 .
- each marginal portion 28 includes a pair of longitudinally spaced apart, generally cone-like, and inwardly oriented gripping protrusions 21 that function to engage and hold a cable 12 within the passageway 26 , as will be discussed in greater detail below.
- the intermediate bands 22 (i.e., torsion springs) include opposite ends that are respectively connected to the marginal portions 28 . Additionally, the intermediate bands 22 extend at least partially around the circumferential extent of the longitudinal passageway 26 of the cable holding section 16 that is for receiving the cable 12 . The intermediate bands 22 are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction so that an intermediate slot 34 is defined between the intermediate bands. The intermediate slot 34 extends at least partially around the circumferential extent of the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the cable holding section 16 further includes outer bands 36 that include opposite ends that are respectively connected to the marginal portions 28 .
- the outer bands 36 also extend at least partially around the circumferential extent of and at least partially define the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the outer bands 36 respectively include opposite edges 37 of the cable holding section 16 , and the opposite edges 37 extend at least partially around the circumferential extent of the longitudinal passageway 26 and define opposite end openings to the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the outer bands 36 are spaced apart from the intermediate bands 22 in the longitudinal direction so that outer slots 38 are respectively defined between the intermediate bands and the outer bands.
- the outer slots 38 extend at least partially around the circumferential extent of the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the intermediate and outer slots 34 and 38 extend between and generally parallel to the opposite edges 37 of the cable holding section 16 .
- the intermediate and outer slots 34 and 38 each extend at least approximately one half of the way around the circumferential extent of the longitudinal passageway 26 ; however, other lengths are also within the scope of the present invention.
- the intermediate and outer slots 34 and 38 advantageously allow the intermediate bands 22 to function as torsion springs that operate independently of one another and independently of the outer bands 36 , as will be discussed in greater detail below. More specifically, the intermediate and outer slots 34 and 38 define the intermediate bands 22 (i.e., torsion springs) and the outer bands 36 .
- the intermediate slot 34 defines a substantially uniform width along its extent.
- the outer slots 38 include respective reduced width portions that define the gripping tabs 24 .
- the gripping projections or gripping tabs 24 are oriented for grippingly engaging the surface of a cable 12 within the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the gripping tabs 24 respectively extend laterally from the intermediate bands 22 into the outer slots 38 and toward the outer bands 36 .
- the gripping tabs 24 also extend at least partially inwardly into the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the gripping tabs 24 extend into the longitudinal passageway 26 at least in part due to generally cone-like and inwardly oriented gripping protrusions 21 that are integral with the gripping tabs.
- each gripping tab 24 includes one gripping protrusion 21 . Referring to FIG. 2, the gripping protrusions 21 are in a triangular arrangement in plan views of the hanger 10 .
- the laterally spaced apart attachment legs 15 respectively extend from the marginal portions 28 of the cable holding section 16 generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the lateral passageway 30 that is partially defined between the marginal portions 28 is further partially defined between the attachment legs 15 .
- Each of the attachment legs 15 includes an outwardly extending locking barb 42 .
- the attachment legs 15 preferably define inwardly facing concave-shapes.
- strengthening ridges 44 extend across contiguous portions of the attachment legs 15 and marginal portions 28 .
- Resilient stabilizers 46 respectively extend from the same sides of the marginal portions 28 as the attachment legs 15 .
- a wide variety of attachment legs 15 and stabilizers 46 are within the scope of the present invention.
- the hanger 10 is positioned on the cable 12 by manually passing the cable through the lateral passageway 30 , so that the cable becomes positioned in and at least approximately coaxial with the longitudinal passageway 26 . It is preferably necessary to manually spread the attachment legs 15 apart so that the lateral passageway 30 is sufficiently wide for the cable 12 to pass therethrough.
- the hanger 10 is attached to the support structure 14 while the cable 12 is within the longitudinal passageway 26 (i.e., while the hanger 10 is holding the cable), which results in the cable being attached to and stationary with respect to the support structure.
- this attachment is initiated by moving the attachment legs 15 toward one another to decrease the width of the lateral passageway 30 .
- this moving of the attachment legs 15 can preferably and advantageously be facilitated by the installer of the hanger 10 manually squeezing the attachment legs together between their thumb and forefinger (i.e., pinching the attachment legs together).
- the attachment legs 15 to be manually pinched together as described above and usage of the hanger 10 is described hereafter in the context of pinching, the present invention is not limited to manual manipulation of the attachment legs by pinching.
- Attaching the hanger 10 to the support structure 14 is completed by inserting the attachment legs 15 together into the installation opening 20 while the attachment legs are pinched together.
- the stabilizers 46 are oriented toward the outer surface 48 of the support structure 14 while the hanger 10 is attached to the support structure.
- the stabilizers 46 or the leading ends of the strengthening ridges 44 firmly abut the outer surface 48 of the support structure 14 and the barbs 42 of the attachment legs 15 firmly abut the inner surface 50 of the support structure while the hanger 10 is attached to the support structure.
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the hanger 10 attached to the support structure 14 generally as described above. More specifically, the wall of the support structure 14 that defines the installation opening 20 is schematically illustrated by dashed lines and the attachment legs 15 are extending through the installation opening in FIG. 2. Likewise, the cable 12 is schematically illustrated by dashed lines as being within the longitudinal passageway 26 in FIG. 2. The cable 12 is removed from the support structure 14 and hanger 10 by performing the foregoing operations in reverse order, although it may be preferred to use a pair of pliers, or the like, to pinch the attachment legs 15 together for removal purposes.
- the lateral passageway 30 is partially closed and the gripping tabs 24 biasingly engage the outer jacket, or the like, of the cable 12 within the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the gripping tabs 24 interact with the cable 12 such that the gripping tabs function as cantilever springs and the intermediate bands 22 function as twisting torsion springs while the hanger 10 holds the cable and is mounted to the support structure 14 in the manner described above.
- the gripping tabs 24 can be characterized as cantilever springs and the intermediate bands 22 can be characterized as torsion springs.
- the intermediate bands 22 can more specifically be characterized as torsion bars, although other types of torsion springs are also within the scope of the present invention.
- the gripping tabs 24 respectively extend from the intermediate bands 22 (i.e., torsion springs) to grippingly engage the surface of a cable 12 within the longitudinal passageway 26 .
- the intermediate band 22 twists about its elongate axis to function as a torsion spring.
- the gripping tabs 24 can be replaced with other types of gripping projections for grippingly engaging a cable 12 within the longitudinal passageway 26 and causing the intermediate bands 22 to twist about their elongate axes to function as torsion springs.
- the gripping tabs 24 can be characterized as both radial portions of torsion springs and cantilever springs
- the gripping tabs function substantially solely as radial portions of torsion springs, and not as cantilever springs.
- the openings specifically characterized herein as the outer and intermediate slots 38 and 34 advantageously allow for the independent resilient deflection of the gripping tabs 24 and intermediate bands 22 that allows these elements to optimally function as spring elements.
- the outer and intermediate slots 38 and 34 define the intermediate bands 22 and gripping tabs 24 to advantageously provide the spring-like functionality of the present invention.
- the solid-lined illustrations of the hanger 10 in FIGS. 1 - 4 are illustrative of the hanger being in a free or relaxed state, in which the hanger is separated from the cable 12 and support structure 14 . In the relaxed state, the maximum distance between the outer surfaces of the attachment legs 15 is wider than the widest point of the installation opening 20 .
- FIGS. 3 - 4 respectively schematically illustrate the gripping tabs 24 and intermediate bands 22 in deflected configurations that exaggerate but are representative of their deflected configurations while the hanger 10 holds the cable 12 and is attached to the support structure 14 as described above. More specifically, the dotted lines in FIG. 3 schematically illustrate the gripping tabs 24 functioning as cantilever springs, and the dotted lines in FIG. 4 schematically illustrate the torsional deflection of the intermediate bands 22 functioning as torsion springs.
- the combined cantilever and torsion spring aspect of the present invention offers many advantages.
- the hanger 10 can be easily used and is fully functional with cables of slightly different diameters and shapes and mounting holes of slightly different diameters.
- the combined cantilever and torsion spring aspect can be characterized as a spring system with a predetermined spring rate selected so that it is not necessary to apply too much force to the attachment legs 15 while attaching or detaching the hanger, so that the attachment legs can preferably be manually squeezed together by the user during installation or removal, and so that an optimal amount of spring energy is provided for gripping the cable 12 and keeping the hanger 10 attached to the support structure 14 after installation.
- the gripping of the cable 12 by the cable holding section 16 is enhanced by the generally cone-like gripping protrusions 21 .
- the tips of the gripping protrusion 21 penetrate slightly into the outer jacket of the cable 12 , with the penetration being limited, if necessary, by the broad surface areas that extend around the bases of the gripping protrusions.
- the tips of the gripping protrusions 21 are preferably slightly rounded to limit the penetration of the gripping protrusions into the cable 12 .
- the gripping protrusions 21 of the gripping tabs 24 are capable of readily moving into or out of the longitudinal passageway 26 by virtue of the spring-like characteristics of the intermediate bands 22 and gripping tabs 24 .
- this motion of the gripping protrusions 21 associated with the gripping tabs 24 advantageously provides the variation in the clamping function of the cable holding section 16 that compensates for variations in cables 12 and installation openings 20 .
- the gripping protrusions 21 are not required.
- the gripping tabs 24 are bent so that the free ends of the gripping tabs extend into the longitudinal passageway 26 while the hanger 10 is in its relaxed state, and the free ends of the gripping tabs engage the cable 12 while the cable is within the longitudinal passageway and the hanger is attached to the support structure 14 in a manner generally like that specified above, so that the hanger functions generally as described above.
- the outer bands 36 advantageously protect the intermediate bands 22 from damage.
- the outer bands 36 also serve as relatively rigid structures that can be manually pressed against while installing the hanger 10 , and they also aid in keeping the stabilizers 46 aligned, which helps to keep the hanger from cocking from side to side during installation.
- a hanger is identical to the hanger 10 of the exemplary embodiment, except that it does not include the outer bands 36 or stabilizers 46 .
- the hanger 10 is manufactured by cutting an appropriate piece from a flat sheet of metal, and then bending the piece accordingly.
- the thickness of the piece of metal and the amount of material removed to form the intermediate and outer slots 34 and 38 are selected so that the resulting lengths and widths of the intermediate bands 22 and gripping tabs 24 allow them to respectively function as torsion and cantilever springs.
- the circumferential length of each intermediate band 22 is at least approximately ten times the narrowest width of the intermediate band, with the width measured in the longitudinal direction.
- the hanger 10 is unitary, meaning that it is absent of originally separate parts that have been joined.
- the hanger 10 can also be constructed through the use of other materials and manufacturing techniques.
- the hanger 10 is molded from polymeric material (e.g., plastic).
- the cable 12 is a conventional coaxial cable that is at least generally circular in an end elevation view, although other types and shapes of cables are within the scope of the present invention.
- the support structure 14 and installation opening 20 are conventional.
- Other types of support structures and combinations of support structures for receiving the attachment legs 15 are within the scope of the present invention. More specifically and in accordance with one example, multiple of the hangers 10 are used to secure a section of cable 12 that extends from a conventional communications facility (not shown) that is on the ground to a conventional communications antenna (not shown) mounted at the top of a conventional tower (not shown).
- the tower itself may be characterized as a support structure, as it can itself define the installation openings 20 such that support structures 14 separate from the tower are not required.
- support structures 14 attached to the tower can be characterized as being portions of the tower.
- hangers 10 of the present invention are used in place of the hangers disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,021, to hold and support a cable extending from a communications facility that is on the ground to a communications antenna mounted at the top of a tower.
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates generally to a cable hanger and, more particularly, to a cable hanger including a flexible metallic strip, with the metallic strip having attachment legs formed at opposite ends thereof for being inserted into an installation opening of a support structure, and a medial portion between the attachment legs for releasably holding a section of cable.
- It is well known to use cable hangers of the above-described type to secure cables to towers. More specifically and for each cable and tower, multiple cable hangers hold the cable and are removably mounted to the tower at positions that are spaced apart along the height of the tower. It is typical for the towers to be of considerable height. Because of safety considerations as well as the time and expense involved with installing cables to towers, it is advantageous to minimize both the amount of time and the complexity of the work required for running cables up the towers. Consequently, cable hangers that can be used to easily and rapidly attach cables to towers and other types of support structures without the need for conventional hardware, such as bolts, washers, nuts or other small parts, have been developed. Examples of these cable hangers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,763,132; 4,813,639; 5,393,021 and 5,967,468.
- A problem with some cable hangers of the above-described type is that they do not strike an optimal balance between performance characteristics. For example, some that are capable of being sufficiently securely mounted to a support structure and capable of sufficiently securely gripping a cable are relatively difficult to install by hand.
- Another problem stems from the fact that it is common for the size of installation openings of support structures and the diameters and cross-sectional shapes of cables to vary. Some cable hangers of the above-described type are disadvantageously very sensitive to these variations. For example, some cable hangers can be very difficult to install or uninstall when used with oversized or misshaped cables, and the ability of some cable hangers to hold a cable diminishes considerably when used with slightly undersized or misshaped cables.
- Accordingly, there is a need for a cable hanger that can be easily attached to a support structure manually, and which will securely grip and retain a cable in position on a support structure.
- Additionally, there is a need for a cable hanger having an enhanced tolerance for variations in cable size or variations in the installation openings.
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a cable hanger is provided which includes a flexible resilient strip. The strip preferably has attachment legs formed at opposite ends thereof configured for being inserted into an installation opening on a support structure. The strip also has a medial portion between the attachment legs and shaped to form a cable holding section defining a longitudinally extending passageway for receiving and at least partially surrounding the cable. The cable holding section includes a slot extending at least partially around the circumferential extent of the passageway. The slot defines a torsion spring in the cable holding section. The torsion spring extends along at least one side of the slot and at least partially around the passageway. The slot preferably extends around at least about one-half the circumferential extent of the passageway. At least one gripping projection projects from the torsion spring and is oriented for grippingly engaging the surface of a cable placed in the passageway so that the torsion spring is torsionally deflected. The gripping projection is preferably a cantilevered gripping tab that projects laterally into the slot.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, an additional slot is formed in the cable holding section and extends at least partially around the circumferential extent of the passageway. The additional slot defines an additional torsion spring in the cable holding section. The additional torsion spring extends at least partially around the passageway and is capable of torsional deflection. At least one gripping projection, which is preferably a gripping tab, projects from the additional torsion spring and is oriented for grippingly engaging the surface of a cable placed in the passageway so that the additional torsion spring is torsionally deflected.
- In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, each gripping tab includes a gripping protrusion formed therein and facing inwardly toward the passageway for gripping the surface of a cable. Preferably at least one additional gripping protrusion is formed on the cable holding section at a location spaced from the gripping tabs for gripping another portion of the surface of the cable.
- Also in accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the cable holding section includes a first circumferentially extending slot formed in the cable holding section and extending at least partially around the circumferential extent of the passageway, and a pair of second circumferentially extending slots formed in the cable holding section on opposite sides of the first slot. The first slot and the pair of second slots define in the cable holding section along opposite sides of the first slot a pair of torsion springs extending at least partially around the passageway and capable of torsional deflection. For each torsion spring, at least one gripping projection projects from the torsion spring and is oriented for grippingly engaging the surface of a cable placed in the longitudinal passageway.
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the first slot is of substantially uniform width along its extent, and each of the second slots include respective reduced width portions defining the gripping projections so that they are in the form of cantilevered gripping tabs. Each gripping tab preferably includes a gripping protrusion formed therein and facing inwardly toward the passageway for gripping the surface of a cable.
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the cable holding section further includes a pair of bands adjacent the second slots. The bands extend circumferentially at least partially around the passageway.
- Having thus described the invention in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cable hanger exploded away from a section of cable and a support structure, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the hanger of FIG. 1 with the cable and support structure schematically illustrated, and the bottom plan view is identical to the top plan view;
- FIG. 3 is partially schematic, isolated, right side elevation view of the hanger of FIG. 1, and the left side elevation view is a mirror image of the right side elevation view; and
- FIG. 4 is a partially schematic cross-sectional view of the hanger taken along line4-4 of FIG. 3.
- The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
- Referring to FIG. 1, a cable hanger in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is designated by the
numeral 10, and the hanger is shown exploded away from a section ofconventional cable 12 and aconventional support structure 14. In accordance with this embodiment, thehanger 10 includes a flexible resilient metallic strip. The strip preferably hasattachment legs 15 formed at opposite ends thereof, and a medial portion that is between theattachment legs 15. The medial portion forms acable holding section 16 of the hanger that is for extending around and releasably holding the section ofcable 12. In FIG. 1, the pair of dashed lines that extend from thecable 12 are schematically illustrative of the cable extending through thecable holding section 16. Theattachment legs 15 are for being inserted into an installation opening 20 defined by thesupport structure 14 to releasably connect the hanger, and thecable 12 held by the hanger, to the support structure. - As will be discussed in greater detail below and in accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the
hanger 10 is configured to include one or more springs, preferably torsion springs, which provide for enhanced tolerance in dimensional variations while assuring secure fastening of the cable. The springs function, preferably in combination with gripping protrusions 21 (also see FIGS. 2-4), to assure that the hanger performs its intended function. In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, components of thecable holding section 16 function as a compound spring, including both a torsion spring element and a cantilever spring element. As will be discussed in greater detail below,intermediate bands 22 function as the torsion springs, and gripping projections (e.g., gripping tabs 24) respectively project from the intermediate bands for grippingly engaging the surface of acable 12 held by thecable holding section 16. The gripping projections are preferably in the form ofgripping tabs 24 that function as cantilever springs. Advantageously and as a result, thehanger 10 has an enhanced tolerance to inconsistencies ininstallation openings 20 andcables 12, can be relatively easily manually attached to thesupport structure 14 without requiring the use of tools, such as pliers, remains securely (but removably) attached to the support structure, and is capable of securely gripping cables. These advantages are particularly important when thehangers 10 are used, for example, to installcables 12 along tall towers (not shown), as will be discussed in greater detail below. - Referring to FIG. 1, it is noted for the purpose of providing a frame of reference, as opposed to being for purposes of limitation, that the section of
cable 12 extends in a longitudinal direction through thecable holding section 16 while being held by thehanger 10. Referring also to FIG. 2, thecable holding section 16 has a generally circular configuration and extends at least partially around a longitudinal axis to define alongitudinal passageway 26. As schematically illustrated by dashed lines in FIG. 2, thecable 12 extends approximately coaxially within thelongitudinal passageway 26 while being held by thecable holding section 16. - Referring to FIG. 2, the
cable holding section 16 includes longitudinally extendingmarginal portions 28 that are spaced apart from one another in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. A lateral opening orpassageway 30 that is open to thelongitudinal passageway 26 is partially defined between themarginal portions 28. Referring also to FIG. 4 and in accordance with the exemplary embodiment, eachmarginal portion 28 includes a pair of longitudinally spaced apart, generally cone-like, and inwardly oriented grippingprotrusions 21 that function to engage and hold acable 12 within thepassageway 26, as will be discussed in greater detail below. - Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3-4 and in accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the intermediate bands 22 (i.e., torsion springs) include opposite ends that are respectively connected to the
marginal portions 28. Additionally, theintermediate bands 22 extend at least partially around the circumferential extent of thelongitudinal passageway 26 of thecable holding section 16 that is for receiving thecable 12. Theintermediate bands 22 are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction so that anintermediate slot 34 is defined between the intermediate bands. Theintermediate slot 34 extends at least partially around the circumferential extent of thelongitudinal passageway 26. - In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the
cable holding section 16 further includesouter bands 36 that include opposite ends that are respectively connected to themarginal portions 28. Theouter bands 36 also extend at least partially around the circumferential extent of and at least partially define thelongitudinal passageway 26. In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, theouter bands 36 respectively includeopposite edges 37 of thecable holding section 16, and theopposite edges 37 extend at least partially around the circumferential extent of thelongitudinal passageway 26 and define opposite end openings to thelongitudinal passageway 26. Theouter bands 36 are spaced apart from theintermediate bands 22 in the longitudinal direction so thatouter slots 38 are respectively defined between the intermediate bands and the outer bands. Theouter slots 38 extend at least partially around the circumferential extent of thelongitudinal passageway 26. The intermediate andouter slots opposite edges 37 of thecable holding section 16. - In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the intermediate and
outer slots longitudinal passageway 26; however, other lengths are also within the scope of the present invention. The intermediate andouter slots intermediate bands 22 to function as torsion springs that operate independently of one another and independently of theouter bands 36, as will be discussed in greater detail below. More specifically, the intermediate andouter slots outer bands 36. Theintermediate slot 34 defines a substantially uniform width along its extent. In contrast, theouter slots 38 include respective reduced width portions that define thegripping tabs 24. - Referring to FIG. 1-3, the gripping projections or
gripping tabs 24 are oriented for grippingly engaging the surface of acable 12 within thelongitudinal passageway 26. Thegripping tabs 24 respectively extend laterally from theintermediate bands 22 into theouter slots 38 and toward theouter bands 36. Referring to FIGS. 2-3, thegripping tabs 24 also extend at least partially inwardly into thelongitudinal passageway 26. In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, thegripping tabs 24 extend into thelongitudinal passageway 26 at least in part due to generally cone-like and inwardly oriented grippingprotrusions 21 that are integral with the gripping tabs. In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, each grippingtab 24 includes one grippingprotrusion 21. Referring to FIG. 2, the grippingprotrusions 21 are in a triangular arrangement in plan views of thehanger 10. - Referring to FIG. 2, the laterally spaced apart
attachment legs 15 respectively extend from themarginal portions 28 of thecable holding section 16 generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of thelongitudinal passageway 26. Thelateral passageway 30 that is partially defined between themarginal portions 28 is further partially defined between theattachment legs 15. Each of theattachment legs 15 includes an outwardly extendinglocking barb 42. Referring to FIG. 4, theattachment legs 15 preferably define inwardly facing concave-shapes. Referring to FIGS. 1-4, strengtheningridges 44 extend across contiguous portions of theattachment legs 15 andmarginal portions 28.Resilient stabilizers 46 respectively extend from the same sides of themarginal portions 28 as theattachment legs 15. A wide variety ofattachment legs 15 andstabilizers 46 are within the scope of the present invention. - Use of the
hanger 10 will now be described in greater detail, in accordance with the exemplary embodiment. Thehanger 10 is positioned on thecable 12 by manually passing the cable through thelateral passageway 30, so that the cable becomes positioned in and at least approximately coaxial with thelongitudinal passageway 26. It is preferably necessary to manually spread theattachment legs 15 apart so that thelateral passageway 30 is sufficiently wide for thecable 12 to pass therethrough. - The
hanger 10 is attached to thesupport structure 14 while thecable 12 is within the longitudinal passageway 26 (i.e., while thehanger 10 is holding the cable), which results in the cable being attached to and stationary with respect to the support structure. Generally described, this attachment is initiated by moving theattachment legs 15 toward one another to decrease the width of thelateral passageway 30. For example, this moving of theattachment legs 15 can preferably and advantageously be facilitated by the installer of thehanger 10 manually squeezing the attachment legs together between their thumb and forefinger (i.e., pinching the attachment legs together). Although it is preferable for theattachment legs 15 to be manually pinched together as described above and usage of thehanger 10 is described hereafter in the context of pinching, the present invention is not limited to manual manipulation of the attachment legs by pinching. - Attaching the
hanger 10 to thesupport structure 14 is completed by inserting theattachment legs 15 together into theinstallation opening 20 while the attachment legs are pinched together. Thestabilizers 46 are oriented toward theouter surface 48 of thesupport structure 14 while thehanger 10 is attached to the support structure. Preferably, thestabilizers 46 or the leading ends of the strengtheningridges 44 firmly abut theouter surface 48 of thesupport structure 14 and thebarbs 42 of theattachment legs 15 firmly abut theinner surface 50 of the support structure while thehanger 10 is attached to the support structure. - FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the
hanger 10 attached to thesupport structure 14 generally as described above. More specifically, the wall of thesupport structure 14 that defines theinstallation opening 20 is schematically illustrated by dashed lines and theattachment legs 15 are extending through the installation opening in FIG. 2. Likewise, thecable 12 is schematically illustrated by dashed lines as being within thelongitudinal passageway 26 in FIG. 2. Thecable 12 is removed from thesupport structure 14 andhanger 10 by performing the foregoing operations in reverse order, although it may be preferred to use a pair of pliers, or the like, to pinch theattachment legs 15 together for removal purposes. - As the
attachment legs 15 are pinched together in the furtherance of attaching thehanger 12 to thesupport structure 14, thelateral passageway 30 is partially closed and thegripping tabs 24 biasingly engage the outer jacket, or the like, of thecable 12 within thelongitudinal passageway 26. More specifically and advantageously, thegripping tabs 24 interact with thecable 12 such that the gripping tabs function as cantilever springs and theintermediate bands 22 function as twisting torsion springs while thehanger 10 holds the cable and is mounted to thesupport structure 14 in the manner described above. Accordingly, thegripping tabs 24 can be characterized as cantilever springs and theintermediate bands 22 can be characterized as torsion springs. Theintermediate bands 22 can more specifically be characterized as torsion bars, although other types of torsion springs are also within the scope of the present invention. - Regarding the torsion springs more specifically, the
gripping tabs 24 respectively extend from the intermediate bands 22 (i.e., torsion springs) to grippingly engage the surface of acable 12 within thelongitudinal passageway 26. For eachintermediate band 22, when its associatedgripping tab 24 grippingly engages thecable 12 within thelongitudinal passageway 26, the intermediate band twists about its elongate axis to function as a torsion spring. Thegripping tabs 24 can be replaced with other types of gripping projections for grippingly engaging acable 12 within thelongitudinal passageway 26 and causing theintermediate bands 22 to twist about their elongate axes to function as torsion springs. Additionally, whereas in accordance with the exemplary embodiment thegripping tabs 24 can be characterized as both radial portions of torsion springs and cantilever springs, in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention the gripping tabs function substantially solely as radial portions of torsion springs, and not as cantilever springs. - The openings specifically characterized herein as the outer and
intermediate slots gripping tabs 24 andintermediate bands 22 that allows these elements to optimally function as spring elements. Stated differently, the outer andintermediate slots intermediate bands 22 andgripping tabs 24 to advantageously provide the spring-like functionality of the present invention. Regarding this functionality more specifically, the solid-lined illustrations of thehanger 10 in FIGS. 1-4 are illustrative of the hanger being in a free or relaxed state, in which the hanger is separated from thecable 12 andsupport structure 14. In the relaxed state, the maximum distance between the outer surfaces of theattachment legs 15 is wider than the widest point of theinstallation opening 20. In contrast, the dotted lines in FIGS. 3-4 respectively schematically illustrate thegripping tabs 24 andintermediate bands 22 in deflected configurations that exaggerate but are representative of their deflected configurations while thehanger 10 holds thecable 12 and is attached to thesupport structure 14 as described above. More specifically, the dotted lines in FIG. 3 schematically illustrate thegripping tabs 24 functioning as cantilever springs, and the dotted lines in FIG. 4 schematically illustrate the torsional deflection of theintermediate bands 22 functioning as torsion springs. - The combined cantilever and torsion spring aspect of the present invention offers many advantages. For example, the
hanger 10 can be easily used and is fully functional with cables of slightly different diameters and shapes and mounting holes of slightly different diameters. Additionally, the combined cantilever and torsion spring aspect can be characterized as a spring system with a predetermined spring rate selected so that it is not necessary to apply too much force to theattachment legs 15 while attaching or detaching the hanger, so that the attachment legs can preferably be manually squeezed together by the user during installation or removal, and so that an optimal amount of spring energy is provided for gripping thecable 12 and keeping thehanger 10 attached to thesupport structure 14 after installation. - The gripping of the
cable 12 by thecable holding section 16 is enhanced by the generally cone-likegripping protrusions 21. In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the tips of the grippingprotrusion 21 penetrate slightly into the outer jacket of thecable 12, with the penetration being limited, if necessary, by the broad surface areas that extend around the bases of the gripping protrusions. Additionally, the tips of the grippingprotrusions 21 are preferably slightly rounded to limit the penetration of the gripping protrusions into thecable 12. - The gripping
protrusions 21 of thegripping tabs 24 are capable of readily moving into or out of thelongitudinal passageway 26 by virtue of the spring-like characteristics of theintermediate bands 22 andgripping tabs 24. In accordance with this exemplary embodiment, this motion of the grippingprotrusions 21 associated with thegripping tabs 24 advantageously provides the variation in the clamping function of thecable holding section 16 that compensates for variations incables 12 andinstallation openings 20. - In accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the gripping
protrusions 21 are not required. In accordance with one example of this alternative embodiment, thegripping tabs 24 are bent so that the free ends of the gripping tabs extend into thelongitudinal passageway 26 while thehanger 10 is in its relaxed state, and the free ends of the gripping tabs engage thecable 12 while the cable is within the longitudinal passageway and the hanger is attached to thesupport structure 14 in a manner generally like that specified above, so that the hanger functions generally as described above. - In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the
outer bands 36 advantageously protect theintermediate bands 22 from damage. In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, theouter bands 36 also serve as relatively rigid structures that can be manually pressed against while installing thehanger 10, and they also aid in keeping thestabilizers 46 aligned, which helps to keep the hanger from cocking from side to side during installation. In accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a hanger is identical to thehanger 10 of the exemplary embodiment, except that it does not include theouter bands 36 orstabilizers 46. - In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the
hanger 10 is manufactured by cutting an appropriate piece from a flat sheet of metal, and then bending the piece accordingly. The thickness of the piece of metal and the amount of material removed to form the intermediate andouter slots intermediate bands 22 andgripping tabs 24 allow them to respectively function as torsion and cantilever springs. In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the circumferential length of eachintermediate band 22 is at least approximately ten times the narrowest width of the intermediate band, with the width measured in the longitudinal direction. In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, thehanger 10 is unitary, meaning that it is absent of originally separate parts that have been joined. Thehanger 10 can also be constructed through the use of other materials and manufacturing techniques. For example, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, thehanger 10 is molded from polymeric material (e.g., plastic). - In accordance with the exemplary embodiment, the
cable 12 is a conventional coaxial cable that is at least generally circular in an end elevation view, although other types and shapes of cables are within the scope of the present invention. Similarly and in accordance the exemplary embodiment, thesupport structure 14 andinstallation opening 20 are conventional. Other types of support structures and combinations of support structures for receiving theattachment legs 15 are within the scope of the present invention. More specifically and in accordance with one example, multiple of thehangers 10 are used to secure a section ofcable 12 that extends from a conventional communications facility (not shown) that is on the ground to a conventional communications antenna (not shown) mounted at the top of a conventional tower (not shown). Multiple of thehangers 10 that hold thecable 12 are mounted to the tower and are spaced apart along the height of the tower. More specifically, multiple of thesupport structures 14 are mounted to the tower and are spaced apart along the height of the tower, each support structure receives ahanger 10, and each hanger holds a section of thecable 12 that extends along the height of the tower. The tower itself may be characterized as a support structure, as it can itself define theinstallation openings 20 such thatsupport structures 14 separate from the tower are not required. Alternatively,support structures 14 attached to the tower can be characterized as being portions of the tower. - In accordance with a more specific example,
hangers 10 of the present invention are used in place of the hangers disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,021, to hold and support a cable extending from a communications facility that is on the ground to a communications antenna mounted at the top of a tower. - Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which this invention pertains having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/728,151 US6443402B1 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2000-12-01 | Cable hanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/728,151 US6443402B1 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2000-12-01 | Cable hanger |
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US20020066833A1 true US20020066833A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
US6443402B1 US6443402B1 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/728,151 Expired - Lifetime US6443402B1 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2000-12-01 | Cable hanger |
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