US20020022175A1 - Cell stack design with bi-directionally wound slotted electrodes - Google Patents
Cell stack design with bi-directionally wound slotted electrodes Download PDFInfo
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- US20020022175A1 US20020022175A1 US09/975,349 US97534901A US2002022175A1 US 20020022175 A1 US20020022175 A1 US 20020022175A1 US 97534901 A US97534901 A US 97534901A US 2002022175 A1 US2002022175 A1 US 2002022175A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
- H01M6/10—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with wound or folded electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49112—Electric battery cell making including laminating of indefinite length material
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to the art of electrochemical energy, and more particularly, to an electrode assembly, electrochemical cells in which the electrode assembly is used, and a method for making the electrode assembly.
- Batteries or electrochemical cells are typically volumetrically constrained systems that cannot exceed the available volume of the battery case.
- the size and resulting volume of the battery case are dictated by the space requirements available for the particular application.
- the components that make up a battery namely, the cathode electrode, the anode electrode, the separator, the current collectors, and the electrolyte all have to fit into the limited space defined by the battery case. Therefore, the arrangement of the components impacts on the amount of active electrode material that can be fit into the case and the ease of manufacturing the unit.
- Some typical electrode assemblies include the “Z” folded electrode assembly that is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,663,721 to Blondel et al.
- the “Z” folded electrode a unitary and continuous lithium anode is folded back and forth in a zigzag fashion. The length of the individual folds determines the width of the electrode assembly.
- Individual cathode plates are positioned between pairs of the pleated anode electrode and electrically connected to one another.
- the design has some drawbacks, including the requirement that separate cathode plates be inserted between each pair of adjacent layers of anode electrode and the requirement that electrical connections be made between all of the inserted cathode plates. This arrangement increases the time and costs associated with manufacturing.
- Another typical electrode assembly configuration is the “jelly roll” design in which the anode electrode, the cathode electrode, and the separator are overlaid with respect to each other and coiled up.
- Such an electrode configuration is desirable because the continuous anode and cathode electrodes require a minimal number of mechanical connections to their respective terminal leads, and the jelly roll assembly is generally recognized as preferred for high discharge and current pulse applications.
- a cylindrically shaped electrode assembly is not desired because of other factors, such as the shape of the battery case.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,352 to Bakos et al. discloses yet another electrode assembly design comprising an accordion folded electrode assembly with unitary members for both the anode and cathode strips.
- the cathode strip is approximately half the length of the anode strip, and the anode strip is folded over the cathode strip to “sandwich” the cathode between two layers of the anode.
- the resulting form is then manually folded in an alternating series of “V” folds (best shown in FIG. 4 of the patent).
- that design provides some undesirable gaps which reduce the volumetric density of the electrochemically active materials.
- the present invention fills the above-described need by providing an electrochemical cell comprising an electrode assembly in which the electrodes are wound together in a bi-directional fashion, yielding a high energy density cell with low internal impedance.
- the anode and cathode electrodes are arranged in the cell in such a fashion that provides efficient utilization of the active components.
- the resultant wound assembly is configured such that it can be conveniently packaged in either a cylindrical or prismatic housing.
- the electrodes are provided as two anode assemblies and one cathode assembly configured such that each anode is positioned on either side of the cathode assembly, and extending in opposing directions. At the center most portion of the assembly there is an overlap of anodes. This assembly is then wound about the overlapping region in a bi-directional fashion. The resultant assembly produces a wound cell stack configuration with a uniform contact of anode and cathode, such that the cell is balanced electrochemically and provides for optimum volume utilization within the battery enclosure.
- Each anode has one or more tabs that can be welded to the case.
- two cathode assemblies can be paired with one anode assembly, with a resultant cathode tab welded to the case.
- the opposite electrode may contain one or more tabs which are then electrically connected to the battery feedthrough pin.
- An alternate embodiment of this invention provides for an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, wherein the electrodes are slotted. The electrodes are inserted, one into the other, essentially forming an “X”. Upon collapsing the electrodes, a variation of the above-described invention is obtained wherein the anode is approximately equally disposed on opposite sides of the cathode, radiating outwardly from the midportion thereof. This assembly is then wound from the center, resulting in a preferred cell stack assembly. This configuration provides the additional advantage of having the anode registered to the cathode, and mitigates the need for aligning two distinct anodes to the cathode.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the cathode strip and separator of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the anode strip and separator of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the cell stack assembly of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the cell stack assembly of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a partial plan view of the wound electrode assembly of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the electrode strips of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a partial plan view of the wound electrode assembly of the alternative embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded view of an electrochemical cell of the present invention.
- the present invention is designed for high energy devices such as batteries and capacitors and is adaptable in a wide variety of electrode configurations and shapes for applications as capacitors and batteries, including aqueous and nonaqueous primary and secondary batteries.
- a first electrode 10 is preferably a continuous structure comprising an active material 11 contacted to a current collector 12 (shown in dashed lines).
- the active material for a cathode electrode is preferably comprised of a metal, a metal oxide, a metal sulfide, a mixed metal oxide, a carbonaceous material, or the like and is combined with the current collector of a conductive material such as a conductive screen.
- the preferred active material is an alkali metal selected from Group 1 A of the Periodic Table of Elements and contacted to an anode current collector.
- a preferred anode electrode comprises lithium contacted to a nickel current collector.
- the electrode strip 10 is a cathode electrode having a set of cathode tabs 15 provided for making an electrical connection to a positive terminal.
- a second electrode 16 includes a pair of second electrode strips of a second electrode active material 17 contacted to a current collector 18 (shown in dashed lines) disposed on opposite sides of the first electrode 10 .
- the second electrode strips 16 overlap along a midportion 19 of the first electrode 10 (FIG. 3).
- the second electrode strips 16 are part of the anode electrode.
- the anode electrode strips 16 have anode tabs 22 that provide for electrical connection to a negative terminal.
- a separator material 13 is disposed behind each electrode to prevent contact between overlayed layers of electrodes.
- the separator 13 is disposed in front of each electrode strip.
- a separator 13 in the form of an envelope encapsulates each of the first and second electrodes 10 , 16 . In that respect, whether the separator 13 is disposed between immediately adjacent electrode strips or, the separator serves as an envelope encapsulating at least one of the electrodes, the separator must prevent direct physical contact between the electrodes 10 , 16 .
- an electrode assembly according to the present invention comprises a cathode electrode 10 and two anode electrodes 16 A, 16 B, which are each preferably elongate, flat, and rectangular.
- the anode electrodes 16 A, 16 B are disposed on opposite sides of the cathode 10 and aligned such that they overlap across the midportion 19 thereof.
- the anode electrodes 16 A, 16 B are a little more than half the length of the cathode electrode 10 , and extend a short distance across the midportion 19 in order to overlap.
- two cathode electrode assemblies are paired with one anode electrode in a similar overlapping configuration.
- the electrode strips 10 and 16 are then folded about the overlapping region in a bi-directional fashion to provide the electrode assembly 25 .
- those portions of anode strips 16 A and 16 B on the outside of the assembly 25 have the outside of the current collector devoid of anode active material. This is because there is no opposing cathode active material, and such anode active material would provide very little, if any, additional volumetric efficiency.
- the ends of the anode strips 16 A and 16 B extend somewhat beyond the end of the cathode electrode 10 to fully utilize the discharge efficiency of the cathode electrode.
- the term bi-directional refers to the fact that one side is folded downwardly and the opposite side is folded upwardly, either in succession or simultaneously, to generate the electrode assembly 25 shown in FIG. 5.
- the electrode assembly 25 produces a wound cell stack configuration with uniform contact of anode and cathode electrodes such that the cell is balanced electrochemically and provides for optimum volume utilization within the battery enclose.
- a cathode electrode strip 50 comprising a cathode active material 52 contacted to a cathode current collector 54 has a downwardly facing slot 53 disposed in a midportion 56 thereof.
- the slot 53 extends from a lower edge 58 A toward an upper edge 58 B, but spaced therefrom.
- the lower and upper edges 58 A and 58 B define the length of the strip 50 .
- An anode electrode strip 60 comprises an anode active material 62 contacted to an anode current collector 64 and includes an upwardly facing slot 63 disposed in a midportion 66 .
- the slot 63 extends from an upper edge 68 A toward a lower edge 68 B, but spaced therefrom.
- the upper and lower edges 68 A and 68 B define the length of the strip 60 .
- the anode strip 60 is provided with a separation 13 to prevent direct physical contact with the cathode strip 50 .
- the separator 13 envelopes the anode strip 60 , and more preferably, each of the cathode strip 50 and the anode step 60 are housed in their own separate envelopes.
- the strips 50 and 60 are moved together with the slots 53 , 63 registering with each other to form a collapsible X-shaped assembly.
- the opposed ends 68 C and 68 D of the anode strip 60 extends outwardly a small distance past the opposed ends 58 C and 58 D of the cathode strip 50 and in a configuration such that each electrode 50 , 60 radiates outwardly from the midportion 56 , 66 of the other electrode.
- the electrode strips 50 , 60 are then folded in a bi-directional fashion from the center or midportions 56 , 66 to produce the wound electrode assembly 75 shown in FIG. 7.
- the bi-directional folding is similar to that described with respect to the electrode assembly 25 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 .
- the completed electrode assembly 75 shown in FIG. 7 is similar to the electrode assembly 25 in the respect that those portions of anode strip 60 on the outside of the assembly have the outside of the current collector devoid of anode active material. As previously explained, this is because there is no opposing cathode active material there, and such anode active material would provide very little, if any, additional volumetric efficiency. Also, the ends of the anode strip 60 extend somewhat beyond the respective ends of the cathode strip 50 to fully utilize the discharge efficiency of the cathode electrode. This alternate embodiment provides the additional advantage of having the anode registered to the cathode and mitigates the need for aligning two distinct anodes to the cathode.
- the present electrode assemblies 25 , 75 provide several advantages to cell design, including high energy density with low internal impedance. Additionally, the anode and cathode electrodes 10 , 16 for assembly 25 and the electrodes 50 , 60 for assembly 75 are arranged in the cell in a way that provides efficient utilization of the active components. The resultant wound cell stacks are configured such that they can be conveniently packaged in either a cylindrical or prismatic shaped casing. These casing shapes are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The electrode assemblies 25 , 75 also provide a cell stack construction in which the anode and cathode are uniformly utilized during cell discharge. Finally, the assemblies 25 , 75 provide a cell having a relatively high inter electrode surface area which results in a high current rate capability. This is advantageous for use in applications such as powering an implantable defibrillator.
- a preferred primary electrode chemistry for the electrode assemblies 25 , 75 has the first electrode 10 , 50 of a mixed metal oxide such as silver vanadium oxide (SVO), copper silver vanadium oxide (CSVO) or a fluorinated carbonaceous material (CF x ), and the second electrode 16 , 60 comprising lithium.
- a Li/SVO or Li/CSVO electrochemical couple is activated with an electrolyte of 0.25M to 1.5M LiAsF 6 or LiPF 6 in a 50:50, by volume, mixture of propylene carbonate and 1,2-dimethoxyethane.
- the preferred electrolyte is 1.0M to 1.4M LiBF 4 in ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- a preferred secondary chemistry has a carbonaceous negative electrode and a lithiated counter electrode.
- a preferred lithiated material is lithium cobalt oxide. This couple is activated with an electrolyte of 1M LiPF 6 or 1M LiAsF 6 in ethylene carbonate/1,2-dimethoxyethane (3:7).
- the anode tabs 22 can be welded to the case 80 (negative). Alternately, two cathode assemblies can be paired with one anode assembly with the resultant cathode tabs (not shown) welded to the case 80 (positive).
- the opposite electrode may contain one or more tabs (cathode tabs 15 ) that are electrically connected to the battery feedthrough or terminal pin 82 .
- the terminal pin 82 is electrically insulated from the lid 84 of the casing 80 by a glass-to-metal seal 86 . Similar electrical connections for the cathode strip 50 and the anode strip 60 are made for the electrode assembly 75 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
Abstract
Description
- The present application is a continuation-in-part application of Ser. No. 09/262,245, filed Mar. 4, 1999.
- The present invention generally relates to the art of electrochemical energy, and more particularly, to an electrode assembly, electrochemical cells in which the electrode assembly is used, and a method for making the electrode assembly.
- Batteries or electrochemical cells are typically volumetrically constrained systems that cannot exceed the available volume of the battery case. The size and resulting volume of the battery case are dictated by the space requirements available for the particular application. The components that make up a battery, namely, the cathode electrode, the anode electrode, the separator, the current collectors, and the electrolyte all have to fit into the limited space defined by the battery case. Therefore, the arrangement of the components impacts on the amount of active electrode material that can be fit into the case and the ease of manufacturing the unit.
- Some typical electrode assemblies include the “Z” folded electrode assembly that is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,663,721 to Blondel et al. In the “Z” folded electrode, a unitary and continuous lithium anode is folded back and forth in a zigzag fashion. The length of the individual folds determines the width of the electrode assembly. Individual cathode plates are positioned between pairs of the pleated anode electrode and electrically connected to one another. The design has some drawbacks, including the requirement that separate cathode plates be inserted between each pair of adjacent layers of anode electrode and the requirement that electrical connections be made between all of the inserted cathode plates. This arrangement increases the time and costs associated with manufacturing.
- Another typical electrode assembly configuration is the “jelly roll” design in which the anode electrode, the cathode electrode, and the separator are overlaid with respect to each other and coiled up. Such an electrode configuration is desirable because the continuous anode and cathode electrodes require a minimal number of mechanical connections to their respective terminal leads, and the jelly roll assembly is generally recognized as preferred for high discharge and current pulse applications. However, in some applications, a cylindrically shaped electrode assembly is not desired because of other factors, such as the shape of the battery case.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,352 to Bakos et al. discloses yet another electrode assembly design comprising an accordion folded electrode assembly with unitary members for both the anode and cathode strips. The cathode strip is approximately half the length of the anode strip, and the anode strip is folded over the cathode strip to “sandwich” the cathode between two layers of the anode. The resulting form is then manually folded in an alternating series of “V” folds (best shown in FIG. 4 of the patent). However, that design provides some undesirable gaps which reduce the volumetric density of the electrochemically active materials.
- What is needed is an improved multi-layer, folded electrode assembly design for high energy devices that includes many of the desirable features of the jelly roll design, such as unitary anode and cathode electrodes.
- The present invention fills the above-described need by providing an electrochemical cell comprising an electrode assembly in which the electrodes are wound together in a bi-directional fashion, yielding a high energy density cell with low internal impedance. The anode and cathode electrodes are arranged in the cell in such a fashion that provides efficient utilization of the active components. The resultant wound assembly is configured such that it can be conveniently packaged in either a cylindrical or prismatic housing.
- In one embodiment of the electrochemical cell, the electrodes are provided as two anode assemblies and one cathode assembly configured such that each anode is positioned on either side of the cathode assembly, and extending in opposing directions. At the center most portion of the assembly there is an overlap of anodes. This assembly is then wound about the overlapping region in a bi-directional fashion. The resultant assembly produces a wound cell stack configuration with a uniform contact of anode and cathode, such that the cell is balanced electrochemically and provides for optimum volume utilization within the battery enclosure. Each anode has one or more tabs that can be welded to the case. Alternately, two cathode assemblies can be paired with one anode assembly, with a resultant cathode tab welded to the case. In both of the above configurations, the opposite electrode may contain one or more tabs which are then electrically connected to the battery feedthrough pin.
- An alternate embodiment of this invention provides for an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, wherein the electrodes are slotted. The electrodes are inserted, one into the other, essentially forming an “X”. Upon collapsing the electrodes, a variation of the above-described invention is obtained wherein the anode is approximately equally disposed on opposite sides of the cathode, radiating outwardly from the midportion thereof. This assembly is then wound from the center, resulting in a preferred cell stack assembly. This configuration provides the additional advantage of having the anode registered to the cathode, and mitigates the need for aligning two distinct anodes to the cathode.
- Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the cathode strip and separator of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the anode strip and separator of the present invention;
- FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the cell stack assembly of the present invention;
- FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the cell stack assembly of the present invention;
- FIG. 5 is a partial plan view of the wound electrode assembly of the present invention;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the electrode strips of the present invention;
- FIG. 7 is a partial plan view of the wound electrode assembly of the alternative embodiment; and
- FIG. 8 is an exploded view of an electrochemical cell of the present invention.
- The present invention is designed for high energy devices such as batteries and capacitors and is adaptable in a wide variety of electrode configurations and shapes for applications as capacitors and batteries, including aqueous and nonaqueous primary and secondary batteries.
- Referring to FIG. 1, a
first electrode 10 is preferably a continuous structure comprising an active material 11 contacted to a current collector 12 (shown in dashed lines). The active material for a cathode electrode is preferably comprised of a metal, a metal oxide, a metal sulfide, a mixed metal oxide, a carbonaceous material, or the like and is combined with the current collector of a conductive material such as a conductive screen. For an anode electrode, the preferred active material is an alkali metal selected from Group 1A of the Periodic Table of Elements and contacted to an anode current collector. A preferred anode electrode comprises lithium contacted to a nickel current collector. In a preferred form of the present invention, theelectrode strip 10 is a cathode electrode having a set ofcathode tabs 15 provided for making an electrical connection to a positive terminal. - Turning to FIGS. 2 and 3, a
second electrode 16 includes a pair of second electrode strips of a second electrodeactive material 17 contacted to a current collector 18 (shown in dashed lines) disposed on opposite sides of thefirst electrode 10. The second electrode strips 16 overlap along amidportion 19 of the first electrode 10 (FIG. 3). Preferably, thesecond electrode strips 16 are part of the anode electrode. Theanode electrode strips 16 haveanode tabs 22 that provide for electrical connection to a negative terminal. - As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and4, a
separator material 13 is disposed behind each electrode to prevent contact between overlayed layers of electrodes. Alternatively, theseparator 13 is disposed in front of each electrode strip. In a preferred embodiment, which is not shown in the drawings, aseparator 13 in the form of an envelope encapsulates each of the first andsecond electrodes separator 13 is disposed between immediately adjacent electrode strips or, the separator serves as an envelope encapsulating at least one of the electrodes, the separator must prevent direct physical contact between theelectrodes - Turning to FIG. 4, an electrode assembly according to the present invention comprises a
cathode electrode 10 and twoanode electrodes anode electrodes cathode 10 and aligned such that they overlap across themidportion 19 thereof. Theanode electrodes cathode electrode 10, and extend a short distance across themidportion 19 in order to overlap. Alternately, two cathode electrode assemblies are paired with one anode electrode in a similar overlapping configuration. - From the alignment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the electrode strips10 and 16 are then folded about the overlapping region in a bi-directional fashion to provide the
electrode assembly 25. As shown in FIG. 5, those portions ofanode strips assembly 25 have the outside of the current collector devoid of anode active material. This is because there is no opposing cathode active material, and such anode active material would provide very little, if any, additional volumetric efficiency. Also, the ends of the anode strips 16A and 16B extend somewhat beyond the end of thecathode electrode 10 to fully utilize the discharge efficiency of the cathode electrode. - The term bi-directional refers to the fact that one side is folded downwardly and the opposite side is folded upwardly, either in succession or simultaneously, to generate the
electrode assembly 25 shown in FIG. 5. Theelectrode assembly 25 produces a wound cell stack configuration with uniform contact of anode and cathode electrodes such that the cell is balanced electrochemically and provides for optimum volume utilization within the battery enclose. - An alternate embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. In this embodiment, a
cathode electrode strip 50 comprising a cathodeactive material 52 contacted to a cathodecurrent collector 54 has a downwardly facingslot 53 disposed in amidportion 56 thereof. Theslot 53 extends from alower edge 58A toward anupper edge 58B, but spaced therefrom. The lower andupper edges strip 50. Ananode electrode strip 60 comprises an anodeactive material 62 contacted to an anodecurrent collector 64 and includes an upwardly facingslot 63 disposed in amidportion 66. Theslot 63 extends from anupper edge 68A toward alower edge 68B, but spaced therefrom. The upper andlower edges strip 60. - As shown in FIG. 6, the
anode strip 60 is provided with aseparation 13 to prevent direct physical contact with thecathode strip 50. Preferably, theseparator 13 envelopes theanode strip 60, and more preferably, each of thecathode strip 50 and theanode step 60 are housed in their own separate envelopes. - To construct the electrode assembly, the
strips slots anode strip 60 extends outwardly a small distance past the opposed ends 58C and 58D of thecathode strip 50 and in a configuration such that eachelectrode midportion midportions wound electrode assembly 75 shown in FIG. 7. The bi-directional folding is similar to that described with respect to theelectrode assembly 25 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. - The completed
electrode assembly 75 shown in FIG. 7 is similar to theelectrode assembly 25 in the respect that those portions ofanode strip 60 on the outside of the assembly have the outside of the current collector devoid of anode active material. As previously explained, this is because there is no opposing cathode active material there, and such anode active material would provide very little, if any, additional volumetric efficiency. Also, the ends of theanode strip 60 extend somewhat beyond the respective ends of thecathode strip 50 to fully utilize the discharge efficiency of the cathode electrode. This alternate embodiment provides the additional advantage of having the anode registered to the cathode and mitigates the need for aligning two distinct anodes to the cathode. - The
present electrode assemblies cathode electrodes assembly 25 and theelectrodes assembly 75 are arranged in the cell in a way that provides efficient utilization of the active components. The resultant wound cell stacks are configured such that they can be conveniently packaged in either a cylindrical or prismatic shaped casing. These casing shapes are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Theelectrode assemblies assemblies - A preferred primary electrode chemistry for the
electrode assemblies first electrode second electrode - Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and8, the
anode tabs 22 can be welded to the case 80 (negative). Alternately, two cathode assemblies can be paired with one anode assembly with the resultant cathode tabs (not shown) welded to the case 80 (positive). In both of the above configurations, the opposite electrode may contain one or more tabs (cathode tabs 15) that are electrically connected to the battery feedthrough orterminal pin 82. Theterminal pin 82 is electrically insulated from thelid 84 of thecasing 80 by a glass-to-metal seal 86. Similar electrical connections for thecathode strip 50 and theanode strip 60 are made for theelectrode assembly 75 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. - While the invention has been described in connection with certain preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the particular forms set forth, but, on the contrary, it is intended to cover such alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/975,349 US6423442B1 (en) | 1999-03-04 | 2001-10-11 | Cell stack design with bi-directionally wound slotted electrodes and method for making |
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US26224599A | 1999-03-04 | 1999-03-04 | |
US09/975,349 US6423442B1 (en) | 1999-03-04 | 2001-10-11 | Cell stack design with bi-directionally wound slotted electrodes and method for making |
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US26224599A Continuation-In-Part | 1999-03-04 | 1999-03-04 |
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US09/975,268 Expired - Lifetime US6383680B1 (en) | 1999-03-04 | 2001-10-11 | Wound cell stack design for enhanced battery performance |
US09/975,349 Expired - Lifetime US6423442B1 (en) | 1999-03-04 | 2001-10-11 | Cell stack design with bi-directionally wound slotted electrodes and method for making |
US09/974,950 Expired - Lifetime US6425928B2 (en) | 1999-03-04 | 2001-10-11 | Method for providing a bi-directionally wound cell stack for enhanced battery performance |
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EP (1) | EP1033768B1 (en) |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030091893A1 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2003-05-15 | Quallion Llc | Electrical battery assembly and method of manufacture |
US6869724B2 (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2005-03-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and positive electrode for the same |
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- 2000-02-04 EP EP00300890A patent/EP1033768B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-06 JP JP2000059934A patent/JP2000268844A/en active Pending
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US6869724B2 (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2005-03-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and positive electrode for the same |
US20060246346A1 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2006-11-02 | Clay Kishiyama | Electrical battery assembly and method of manufacture |
US7070881B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2006-07-04 | Quallion Llc | Electrical battery assembly and method of manufacture |
US20030091893A1 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2003-05-15 | Quallion Llc | Electrical battery assembly and method of manufacture |
US7410726B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2008-08-12 | Quallion Llc | Electrical battery assembly and method of manufacture |
US20050064292A1 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-03-24 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Method of manufacturing nickel zinc batteries |
US7833663B2 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2010-11-16 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Method of manufacturing nickel zinc batteries |
US20110039139A1 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2011-02-17 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Method of manufacturing nickel zinc batteries |
US20060166088A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Hokanson Karl E | Electrode connector tabs |
US20060240317A1 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-10-26 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Nickel zinc battery design |
US20090233159A1 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2009-09-17 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Cylindrical nickel-zinc cell with negative can |
US8048558B2 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2011-11-01 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Cylindrical nickel-zinc cell with negative can |
US8703330B2 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2014-04-22 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Nickel zinc battery design |
CN102593407A (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2012-07-18 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Electrode assembly having tab-lead joint portion of minimized resistance difference between electrodes and electrochemical cell containing the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6425928B2 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
ATE224586T1 (en) | 2002-10-15 |
DE60000460D1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
US6423442B1 (en) | 2002-07-23 |
US6383680B1 (en) | 2002-05-07 |
US20020022174A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
EP1033768B1 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
DE60000460T2 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
US20020018928A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 |
EP1033768A1 (en) | 2000-09-06 |
JP2000268844A (en) | 2000-09-29 |
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