US1997283A - Amplification system - Google Patents

Description

April 9, 1935. I J w s-roN I 1,997,283

AMPLIFICATION SYSTEM Filed March 8, 1934 INVENTOR BY fin ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 9, 1 935 t Q 7 i I j mamas j V e AMPLIF ICATION. SYSTEM John L. Weston; East range;fN.fJ.'; assig-norto Wired Radio, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corpora- "tion ofDelaware r Application March s,1934',seria1lNo.714,s61

\ ,7 v V V 5 Claims. (01, 179-171) My invention relatesto systems for the ampliat a fixed operating potential. Tubes 5 and 6 are fication of electrical energy and particularly to likewise connected in push-pullto the secondary systems employing; space discharge tubes where windings 9 and ID of. transformer 2. Resistors the energy to be amplifiedis too great for a single 15. and I6 connect a source of voltage I! tothe 5 tube of convenient size. oontrol' electrodesof tubess5 and 6; Primary 5 In amplification systems, when the amount of winding 18 of transformer 2 is connected inparalenergy to be amplified is too great for a single lel with primary winding ll oftransformer I to space discharge tube it is customary to connect the source ofenergy to be amplified. I the tubes in a parallel arrangement; that is, the Sources of; voltage l9 and 20 are provided for input elements of the tubes are parallel-consupplyingheating current .to the cathodes of 10 nected to the input circuit and the output eletubes 3 6. The anode or ,outplltcircuits of tubes ments areparallel-connected to the output cir 3" and'5 include the primary windings 25 and 2E cuit. Afmodification of this method is to. con-- 7 of a transformer2landa source of voltage29 to nect pairsof the tubes in push-pull and these form a push-pull connection. h ou put pairs in parallel, to effect the elimination of 'disanode circuits of tubes land 6 include the pri- '15 tortion introduced by the tubes. It has been mary windings 23 and 24 of a transformer 2-2'and, foundin the operation of suchcircuits, however, a source of voltage 29, to also form a push-pull that, unless the input circuits deliversubstane t T S cOn y d S- and 2,8 tially equal lt tg th input l t f Y of'transformers 2| and 22 are parallel-connected v each tube, some tubes are forced to operate under to a load circuit 30 which may be. any means ,for 20:

overload conditions, thereby causing distortion the utilization'of amplified energy;

and damage to the .tubes and associated circuits. In the Operation of the amplifying System f One of the objects of m inventionis-to provide m n i electrical, oscillations from th means for operating space discharge tubes in u e I 4, titud b e r s p -a d f qu 25 parallel amplifying circuits with regulation of induc v ltas s'iin thes nda y windin s 1-H 25 the amount of energy amplified by each tube, 7 transformers l and}, which act on the control Another object is to produce a system of conl tr d s of tu s t a s r sp ndi nection for space discharge tubes to provide auto- Yariatiflns in the anode currents of these tubesmatic regulation of currents. The control electrodes of tubes 3-6 are main- A further object consists in producing means mi d their P p p ng "p ti s 30 I for preventing any single space'discharge tube, hr iS S Z, J which s rv or pairof tubes in an amplifier circuit from as-- to c ndu t a Current th 110W the suming more than its share of the energy being npu ircu t, W ut h loss that would be amplified, i introduced by the secondary windings 1-l0.

' A still further object ist'o provide means for In the outputoircuits of tubes 3 6the varying 35,

obtaining such regulation without the use of anode currents pass through the primary trans- V complicated apparatus.- former windings 23, 24, 25 and 26 toinduce'volt- These and other desirable objects will be apa in the s c nd ry windings 21 and 8 au in parent from the following description taken in a varying current to flow therein and in the 40 conjunction with the 'accompanying'drawing load 3 0. Under normal conditions, that is, under 40 V whi h is a di rammati r pr s n ti n f a pr conditions of. equal input voltages on the control f d m od m nt of my invention. electrodes of tubes 3"6, and equal amplification Referring to the awing, foul space discharge in said tubes, the currents in-the primary windtubes are shown @Onnectgd to two input ings23-26-are equal and the system operates as transformers l and 2. Transformer l comprises desired. faithfully, reproducing innincreased 5 a primary winding H, and-two secondary windings I and 8. 'Iransformer z 'comprises a primary winding 18 and 'two secondary windings 9 values; the currents" of source I4. In'actual operation however, it may happen that one ofv and Ill. The secondary'windings l and Boftransthe 9 either 3 and 4 9 .5 is" former l, areresp ectively connected, inpush-pull i on t control ;h h wi relationship, between the control" electrodes, and Voltages than t m W m case, m r cathode elements of tubes 3 and 4. In parallel current fiow'm theanodei or Output with the windings 1 and a are resistors l2 and I3, circuits of the tubes so affected In is p Y which, in conjunction with a source of voltage l4, e e embodiment of y v n o I Obtain maintain the control electrodes of tubes 3 and 4 regulation for this condition by a novel manner 7 output transformers.

ings being connectedto one of connecting the anodes of the tubes 3-6, to the output transformers 2| and. 22. 7

If grouped according to their input circuits, the tubes 3 and 4 constitute a pair, and the tubes 5' and 6 a second'pair. In ordinary practice the tubes of these pairs would have common In my invention, however, I cross the connections to the output transformers so as to form two new pairs according to output circuits. These pairs comprise tubes 3 and 5 and 4 and 6 as determined by transformers 2| and 22, respectively.

The result-of such output connections. is that, when'a condition of unbalance exists intheinput circuits, unequal loads are,placed. in"the .lcircuits of the primary windings V and 22. Hence, when tubes 3 and 4, say, receive a higher input voltage than tubes 5 and-6, their output windings 26 and 24 are inductively coupled to the windings which are in'the circuits 'of tubes 5- and 6. Since tubes 5. and Bare receiving a rela tively low input voltagertheir anoderesistances are relatively high. -Therefore, instead of two lowimpedance paths beingconnectedto the two windings of a single push-pull transformen-as: is theusual case, there-are coupled inductively a high impedanceand lowimpedance path'in' a specific embodiment What I claimas-new and'originaland desire to secure by Letters Patent of thefUnited States windings and divided secondary windings, said primary windings "bein ,,Onnected parallel with the directional changes in their ampere turns in 'oppositionfsaid secondary windings being respectively, connected to the input elements of each pair of said tubes in balanced push-.puilrelation;

and output transformers each comprisingseco'ndary windings and divided primary windings, said primary windings being connected respectively to." the output elements of one tube'from each of sai-d pairs of tubes and said'secondary windings being connected in parallel with the directional changes in their ampere turns in opposition.

2. An amplifying system comprising, two pairs of space discharge tubes-,input transformers having primary windings and plural secondary wind'-' ings for each of said pairs'oftubes, said primary windings being connectedin parallel with the directional changes in their ampere turns in op position, connections. from said plural: secondary windings'to said tubes in pairs respectively, output transformers having secondary windings and plural primary windings, said primary windtube in each ofsaid pair of tubes respectivelytoformidifferent pair groups and said secondary windings being conthe connections to.

f's'aid pairs of tubes. of tran'srprmerszi it is to be understood that be made by those-skilled in' bewithin the scope of the 1. In a system for the amplification of electrical energy, two pairs of space discharge'tubes, input transformers Leach comprising primary,

nected in parallel with the directional changes in their ampere turns in opposition.

3. In a system for the amplification of electrical energy, two pairs of space discharge tubes, input circuits therefor connected to said tubes in balanced push-pull relation, said input circuits of said pairs of tubes being connected in parallel in phase opposition, output transformers associated with each of said ;pairs of tubes respectively, each of said transformers being connected to one .tube in each of the above mentioned pairs of tubes whereby the, amount of energy amplified by oneof said pairs of tubes is regulated by the amount ofenergy, being amplified by another of 4.1n. asystem for the amplification of elec-- trical energy, two pairs of space discharge tubes each having input and output circuits, input transformers for each of said pairs of tubes, each "of said transformers comprising a primary winding and .a plural secondary winding, said secondary windings of each of said transformers being connected series and said secondary windings being included in the input circuit .of each of said pairs of tubes respectivelyv to form a pairof balanced push-pull input circuits, there being at, least two such balanced input circuits each including a pair of said tubes, connections between the primary; windings of said input transformers'forminga parallel input circuit to said transformers in which the directional changes in the ampere turns of said primary windings-are in. phase opposition, a plurality of output transformers eachcomprising a secondary winding and plural primary windings, said-primary windings of eachof saidoutput transformers being cone nectedv in seriesand each connected in the output'circuitof one of each of said pairs of tubes whereby the operation of oneof said pairs of tubes havinga balanced input circuit is subject tocontrol from another of said pairs of tubes having a, similarly balanced input circuit and;

connectionsfbetween the secondaries of said output transformers forming a parallel output circuit in which the directional changes of the ampere turns in said secondaries is in phase opposition for delivering energy uniformly amplified by said space dischargetubes.

5. A system for the amplification of electrical energycomprising, a first pair of space discharge tubes each having a grid, cathode and anode, a balanced push-pull input circuit for said pair of tubes whereby the-potentials applied tothe grids offsaid tubes are in phase opposition, a second pair of space discharge-tubes each having a grid, cathode and anode, a balanced push-pull input circuit for said second pair of tubes whereby the potentials applied to said grids are in phase opposition, means combining said input circuits whereby the potentials applied to the grids of said first pair of tubes are in phase opposition respectively with the potentials appliedto the grids of the corresponding tubes of said second pair of tubes and output transformers each comprising secondary windings and divided primary windings, said primary windings being connectedrespectively to the output elemerits of one tube from eachof said pairs of tubes and said secondary windings being, connected in parallel with thedirectional,changes in the ampere turns in' opposition.

JoHN L'. WESTON.

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