US1989665A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 5, 1935. R. D. cHEEsMAN BURNER Filed Sept. 2, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Y INVENTOR R.,D. C/Aeeshah,

BY www@ ATTORNEY www,

Feb. 5, 1935.

R. D. CHEESMAN BURNER Filed Sept. 2, 1931 '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY INVENTOR R- D. Chee'sman,

wm Tw Patented Feb. 5, 1935 y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BURNER Application September 2, 1931,` Serial No. 560,797

8 Claims.

This invention relates to burners. An object of the invention is the provision of a -burner using various types of fuel in connection with a sourceof air for producing flames of such types as will be required for a particular kind of work.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a self contained burner that will produce various forms and types of flames such as a long or short or an oxidizing or reducing llame.

A'further object of the invention is the pro- Vision of a burner for producing Various types of flames and with the burner being readily adjustable for producing such types of flames.

A still further object of the invention is the provision ofa burner using either hot or cold airunder pressure with the quantity. of air and the degree of pressure aiding in controlling the type of liame produced.

This invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description, in View of the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification; nevertheless it is to be. understood that the invention is not conned tothe disclosure, being susceptible of such changes and modifications which shall define no material departure from the salient features 0f the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

Figure l is a side View of a burner constructed in accordance with the principles of my invention and shown applied to a kiln for producing cement;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal and verticalV section of the burner;

Figure 3 is a transverse Vertical section, taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a transverse vertical section, taken along the line 4 4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5fis a fragmentary horizontal section, taken along the line 5-5 of .Figure 2; and

Figure 6 is a View in perspective of. the gate valve for controlling the flow of air to one .section o-f the burner. Referring more particularly to the drawings, l0 designates aV kiln, which maybe employed for any suitable purpose such Vas the production of cement or the manufacture .of lime. In place of the kiln, ametallurgical furnace may be substituted to be used in connection with the flame produced by my improved burner.

The arrangement in Figure 1 includes a burner `unit 1'1, and a feeding hopper 12 having a reduced `outlet passage`l3 opening into the burner in a manner whichwill be rpresently described. The

hopper is supported by means of a framework, generally designated by the numeral 14, and this framework is supported from a platform 15.

Connected with the inlet end of the burner unit 11 is a pipe 20, which is in communication with a blower 21 of any approved construction. This fan or blower is driven in any approved manner by mechanism not shown.

An air pipe 22 connects the cyclone 0r air cleaner 23 with an air heater 24 which receives clinkers from an opening 25 in a platform 26 which supports a movable hood 26a adapted to embrace the outlet end of the burner unit 11 and the lower end of the kiln 10.

During the burning of the ingredients for the manufacture of cement in the rotary kiln 10 clinkers, as is well known, form, and these are discharged into the air heater 24 and discharged through a rotary cooler. Thisis more clearly shown in Fig. l in which a side portion of the air heater 24 is broken away to reveal the clinker d material falling into a sloping trough leading into the elevated end of the inclined cooler. Air as indicated by the arrows in Fig. l, is drawn through the pipe 22 over the heated clinkers through the heater 24, whence the blower 21 forces the Yheated air into the burner ll. By this construction the heat of the clinkers inthe member 24 and in the rotary cooler 27 is partially transferred to the air while the clinkers are materially cooled.

The burner as shown in Figures 2 to 6, inclusive, includes an outer shell 30 and an innertube or shell 31 which is co-axial with the outer tube 30, thereby providing an annular space 32 between the two shells for the passage of fuel and air. A valve 33 controlled by a shaft 34 is located near the inlet end of the tube or shell 31 so that by the regulation of this valve the amount of air entering the tube 31 will be regulated in accordance with the opening of the valve. Stops 35 secured to the inner walls of the tube 31 engage the Valve and stop it in a normal vertical or closed position.

A semi-annular valve closes the upper half of the annular passage 32 and is secured to a shaft 4l which is operated by a crank 42 for opening or closing the valve as may be desired. It will be noted that the central portion ofthe valve ris cut away to provide an opening 43 `to permit air to enter the inlet end of the tube 31 at all times regardless of the position` of `the valve 40. A valve 45 similar in construction to the valve 40, closes the lower half of the annular passage 32, and this valve is provided `with an open- .ing 46n which permits air at all times to enter the inlet end of the tube 31.

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This valve is operated by a shaft 47 and crank 42a similar in construction to the shaft 41 and crank 42 of the valve 40. A plate 48 extends transversely of the tube 30 and between the bearings for the valve 40 and 45. It will be noted that the valve 45 engages an offset portion 49 at the inlet end of the tube 31.

The tube 31 is retained in its co-axial position within the tube 30 by means of bolts 50 threaded into passages in the tube 30 and are locked in position by nuts 51. These bolts extend radially inwardly of the tube 30 and at approximately theA angie in order to direct the fuel through the` opening 56towards the outlet end of the tube 31. The valve 57 is secured to a shaft 58 which is mounted in bearings within the tube 13 and is operated by a crank 59 shown in Figure 1. This valve closes a passage 60 in the discharge conduit 13 which `registers with the upper portion of the passage 32. When this valve is moved to the dotted line position, as shown at 57a in Figure 2, it will open the passage 60 but close the lower end of the discharge conduit rso that rfuel will enter the annular passage 32 instead of the inlet end of the tube 31.

The Valve 33 is operated by a crank 49a connected to the shaft 34. On the outlet. end of the tube 3l is mounted a sliding sleeve 70 which is provided with slots 71 adapted to receive pins 72 formed on the outer wall of the tube 31. r1his vconstruction permits sliding of the sleeve on .the outlet end of the tube 31 by preventing rotation of said tube. Diametricallyvopposite links 73 are pivotally connected at 74 to the sleeve 70,

.and these links are pivotally connected at 75 with 'dered before utilization, the'tube 13 of the hopper 12 is preferable, since this powdered fuel may be fed from the hopper to the conduit 13 in any preferred mannerA from the feeding box 12a. A screw type of feed or any other type of feed suitable for the purpose may be used. If it be desired to employe the annuiar passage 32 for the fuel conduit, the valve 57 moved to its dotted line position 57a in Figure 2, thereby preventing the passage of fuel'to the conduit 31 which is supplied by air under pressure from the blower '21 and the quantity of air admitted to the tube 31 is controlled by the valve 33. A quantity `of air is admitted to theannular passage 32 by opening the Valves 40 and 45fthe proper degree in order to force the flame towards the outlet end of the tube 30. The quantity of air however which is admitted to the annular passage 32 depends upon the typey of amedesired. If a short flame is required for the purpose a greater quantity of air is admitted to the annular passage 32 while Aa long flame is produced by the introduction of a smaller'cluantity of air to the annular space 32.

The amount of air passing through the passage 32 may be so regulated to give complete combustion of the fuel at the burner or the outlet end of the tube 3l. By introducing the fuel into the annular space 32 reducing flame may be obtained. On the other hand, when the air in sufficient quantity is forced through the annular space 32 and the fuel is admitted to the tube 31, an oxidizing flame is produced. The ends of the tubes 30 and 31 coact in the sense that both contribute oxygen or fuel, or both, to maintain the burner flame.

l The length of the iiame when the fuel fed to the tube 31 is also controlled by the quantity of air admitted to the tube 31 with the fuel.

Reciprocation of the sleeve 70 during the burning'of the mixtures tends to shorten or lengthen 'the ame, and the use of this sleeve depends upon the kind of work desired. If it be desired to extend the flame into the rotary 10, in order to burn away the materials coating the inner walls of the furnace, along flame is necessary, and this is produced by introducing a smaller quantity of air with the fuel either in the tube now of air through the annular space between 'f the inner and outer tubes, common means for alternately supplying fuel to either the inner tube or to the annular space. y

2. A burner comprising an outer tube, an inner 'co-axial tube, they inner tube terminating short of the inlet end of the outer tube,`means vfer supplying air under pressure to the iniet end of the outer tube, the inner tube forming with ne outer tube an'annular space, a valve in the inner tubefor 'controlling the flow of air to the inner tube, valves for controlling the flowof air through the annular space between the inner and outer tubes, a conduit' connected with a source of fuel and extending through the outer 'tube .and into open communication with the rinner tube, the conduit having a passage opening into the annular space, a valve in the conduit adapted to close either the conduitto the inner tube or the passage to the annular space.

3. A burner comprising an outer tube, an inner Vco-axial tube, the inner tube terminating yshort of the inlet end the outer tube, meansfor supplying air underpressure to the inlet end of the outer tube, the inner tube forming with the outer tube an annular space, a valve in the inner tube for controlling the flow of air to thev inner tube, valves for controlling the flow of air through the annular space' between the inner and outer tubes, means for supplying fuel to either the inner tube or to the annular space, means for alternately controlling the supply of fuel to either the inner tube or the annular space, the air valves adapted to Vbe so regulated that a greater or less quantity'of air may be supplied to the conduit which receives the fuel.

4. A burner'comprising an outer tube, an inner feo-axial tube-, formingr an annular space with the outer tube, means for supplying air under pressure to both tubes, a valve in the inner tube for n "controlling the flow of'air to said tube, means for supplying fuel to said tube between the valve and the outlet end of said tube, valves for controlling the supply of air to the space, the fuel supply means being in communication with the space, and means for controlling alternately the supply of fuel to either the space or the inner tube.

5. A multiple-tube burner comprising an innermost central tube and an outer most encircling tube in diametrically spaced relation with the central tube, said tubes having coacting outlet ends, means for supplying air under pressure to said tubes at points remote from said ends, a source of fuel supply, a conduit leading from the source of fuel supply and communicating with the tubes intermediate the points of air supply and said ends, and control means operable for inversely varying the amount of fuel supplied to the respective tubes.

6. A multiple-tube burner comprising an innermost central tube and an outermost encircling tube in diametrically spaced relation with the central tube, said tubes having coaeting outlet ends, means for supplying air under pressure to said tubes at points remote from said ends, a source of fuel supply, a conduit leading from the source of fuel supply and communicating with the tubes intermediate the points of air supply and said ends, and a Valve for closing communication, as desired, between the conduit and either the innermost or outermost tube.

7. A multiple-tube burner comprising an innermost central tube and an outermost encircling tube in diametrically spaced relation with the central tube, said tubes having coacting outlet ends, means for supplying air under pressure to said tubes at points remote from said ends, a source of fuel supply, a conduit leading from the source of fuel supply and communicating with the tubes intermediate the points of air supply and said ends, and a valve for alternately opening and closing communication between the conduit and tubes for dividing the fuel passing through the conduit and distributing it to the innermost and outermost tubes.

8. A multiple-tube burner comprising an innermost central tube and an outermost encircling tube in diametrically spaced relation with the central tube, said tubes having coacting outlet ends, means for supplying air under pressure to said tubes at points remote from Said ends, a source of fuel supply, a conduit leading from the source of fuel supply and communicating with the tubes intermediate the points of air supply and said ends, and a valve for permitting communication between the conduit and either one of the tubes while simultaneously closing communication between the conduit and the other tube, whereby the fuel delivered by the conduit may be discharged into either one of the tubes as desired exclusively of the other tube.

RICHARD D. CHEESMAN.

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