US1986321A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Jam. 1, 1935.

A. CHANARD CARBURETOR Filed April 14, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 lw eArTafi Jan. 1, 1935. Q CHANARD 1,986,321

' CARBURETOR- Filed April 14, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 [NV6AI TOR Jan. "1, 1935.

CARBURETOR Filed April 14, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 A. CHANARD 1,986,321

Jan. 1, 1935. A. CHANARD 1,986,321

CARBURETOR 4 Sheets-Sheet Filed April 14, 1933 Patented Jan. 1, 1935 I M oAitBURn'roR Auguste Chanard, RueiLFrance Claims. (c1. z s n) 35 5 which each row is fed by a single,calibrated orifice, A, suitable device, preferably constituted by,,a thin screen, allows to uncover and to put in action a variable numberof rows.

. In order that the invention may be clearly understood, it is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, given by way of example only, and in which: l is an elevation. Fig. 2is a horizontal section made according to line '22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a verticalsection made according to line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is another vertical section made according to line 4 40f Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section made according to line 5-5 of Fig. 4. j Figs; 6 to 11 illustrate a constructional modification.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section.

made according to Figs. 10. andll are detail views onan enlarged scale. a

As illustrated in the drawings, Figs. 1'to 5, the

new carburetor comprises a block a, in which are perforated, or provided upon casting, parallel conduits b, the profile of which is that of choke tubes, as shown in Fig. 3. These conduits are distributed, in this example, in four parallel rows b --b and a conduit 0 servesfor running at slow speed. The said conduit c is provided with a diaphragm d, perforated with small holes, Fig. 3, so as to very exactly measure the carbureted air, in order to ensure proper operation at slow speed.

The choke conduits b can be opened or closed by a flexible screen e, slidable between the face of the block a, where the said choke conduits lead, and a grid 1, provided with holes g corresponding to the choke conduits and rigid with a conical tub it connected to the engine. Between the block and the grid is arranged a packing i, the thickness of which is a few hundredths of a millimeter greater than the thickness of the screen, thus allowing the latter to slide without resistance, although there is no appreciable play or clearance.

The screen is actuated by toothed wheels 1', the teeth of which enter perforations in the screen. Both wheels 7' are rigidly secured on a shaft :1 on which is secured a control lever. The screen,

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section made according when it uncovers the open in gs, is received in a space k, Fig. 3, without forming any external protuberance.

NT OFFlCE j w Gasoline is admitted at 1, Fig. 2, and fills up a chamber or, the volume of which is large enough for containing a reserve of gasoline sufficient for remedying momentary failure of the pumpin feeding the gasoline. The gasoline in excess flows away through an orifice Z provided with a tube acting" as overflow tube.

Conduits n, Fig. 4, open in.this chamber, above the level of the liquid, the number of these conduits is equal to that of the rowsof choke con duits. Each of these conduits nopens in a sm'all chamber 0 in which isarranged a block 1) pressed upon its seat by a spring 17 Thisblock is provided with openings, allowing the gasoline to enter therein, and with a calibrated hole q controlling the outflow of gasoline. The gasoline issuing .from theorifice q enters a longitudinal chamber 7*, from which it passes into each of the choke tubes of the row, through holes s.

Owing to this arrangement, the supply of gaso lineis ensured. Eachrow of choke conduitsis separately fed by a single calibrated hole. The gasoline'is atomized in the conduits 1', which constitute preliminary vaporizing chambers. Itis to-be noted. that this atomization is efiectedin the said conduits r being thus sheltered from the action of air, thereby avoiding the well known inconveniences of frosting.

TheJgasoline mist formed in each of the eonduits r, is'sucked through the row of choke conduits which are uncovered, at the moment under consideration, by the movable screen e. The va'-' porized mixture formed by addition of elementary mixtures is collected in the funnel constituted by the conduit h, and directly enters the engine.

The new carburetor can have any number of rows of choke conduits; this number can be reduced to one, or two, three, five rows, etc., can be provided. In the modification shown in Figs. 6 to 11, the block a has seven rows of choke conduits, two of which 0 0 are used when running at slow speed. The screen e, which controls the number of rows in service at a given moment, is constituted by a very thin and nearly rigid blade moving in the narrow space between the block a and the carburetor, body which are separated by thin wedges i.

Gasoline is admitted at Z, in a quantity much greater than that consumed by the carburetor and the excess constantly flows away at Z so that a continuous circulation of gasoline is obtained, and it is in the stream thus formed that the carburetor sucks the quantity of fuel necessary at every instant. The gasoline enters a tank m arranged on the down side of the carburetor; from this tank, it passes through a conduit t arranged parallel to the row of vertical wells n feeding the position of the screen e;

rows of choke conduits. The gasoline passes over a weir u, and the excess flows away through a conduit Z When the engine operates, the gasoline rises in the vertical wells n, at the base of which is arranged a filter a2 constituted for instance bywire gauze. The gasoline, reaching the level NN is above the spraying nozzles 12. Each spraying nozzle is constituted by a very thin blade, ot a few hundredths of a millimeter, in which is perforated one or more similar orifices '0 Fig. 11-, of very small cross section, so that upon. stoppage, the gasoline does not fiow but that a very small par; tial vacuum is sufficient for spraying it.

Gasoline having passed through the sprayingnozzles is atomized and enters the chambers. r in the form of a mist. From these chambers, it passes into the choke conduits. It will be noted that each chamber. is connected by small channels a to the choke conduits which are placed at its right and left-hand sides. It results therefrom that. when the screen uncovers. for instance the three first rows. of choke conduits, theinlet cones of the choke conduits of the fourth row enter in action as shown at Fig. 6, so that, when the screen e is urged in the direction. for uncovering the fourth row, the action oi this fourth row has already begun. This ensuresa perfect continuity in the operation of all the rows of choke conduits, thus avoiding any interruption in the operation of the. carburetor. This double. feeding of the choke conduits ensures a perfectconnection between thesamep. p

In the arrangement which has just been descrihed,.a very accurate control of the carburacanbe' obtained by increasing the number ofchoke conduits.

The. feeding of the choke conduits onv both sideshas not only for effect to ensure better operation of; each Of them, but also ta combine the operation of two adjacent rows, this being im portant when puttingthese rows in or out of ac.- tion. Dead zones and interruptions in the carburation are thus. avoided, whatever may. be the.

The constitution of the. spraying nozzle by an extremely-thin blade prevents. it from becoming obstructed. as no. impurity. can be retained with such a small thickness. Moreover, this. arrange.- ment allows to. punch the. holes and to obtainingandthe carburetor body, interval in which the screen moves.

The above arrangements are of course given by way of example vonly; the constructional details, forms, dimensions and materials used can be varied according to circumstances without departing. thereby from the scope of the invention.

What I claim. as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a carburetor a plurality of air. inlets arranged in rows communicating with the atmosphere and adapted for communication with the fuel inlet of an explosive engine, a fuel nozzle common to the air passages of each row, each nozzle having an orifice, means for successively closing communication between the respective rows of passages and the intake of the. engine and means'for supplying liquid fuel to the orifice at a pressure insufiicient to cause discharge of. the liquid fuel therethrough when the external pres,- sure is at atmospheric. I

2. In a carburetor as claimed in. cl'ai'm L wherein the. means for supplying the liquidfuel comprises a reservoir for the liquid fuel providedlwith an overflowior. determining. the levelof. the liquid fuel', and chambers above the fuel nozzles and in communication with the reservoir so. that the level of. the liquid fuel determined by the overflow is above the fuel nozzles.

3.. Acarburetor as. claimedv incl'aim 1- wherein the fuel nozzles are constituted by thin plates.

4. A carburetor as. claimed. in claim 1 wherein the fuel nozzles are constituted by thin platesprovided. with small holes of similar crosssection.

5. A carburetor as claimed in claim 1' wherein the. air inlets aresupplied with fuel. from two opposite sides. 1

. AUGUSTE CHANARD.

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