US1977405A - Manufacture of hydraulic cement and the like - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 16, 1934. Q PONTOPPlDAN 1,977,405

MANUFACTURE OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 26, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TOR.

qagvm WQQM Oct. 16, 1934. c PQNTQPPIDAN 1,977,405

MANUFACTURE OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 26, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

Patented Oct. 16, 1934 PATENT O1FFHC i ;tion of New Jersey Application January 26, 1932,.Serial No.,588,85i

i In Great'j'B'ritain February 13,1931

ms. 401.: 222- I- This invention is concerned particularly with the-treatment of raw material for the manufacture of hydraulic-cement and other like granular; or K pulverons material for the a purpose of effecting-the heating-:of-such material preliminary to its-introduction in the kiln in which it, subjected to further treatment and from which. are derived the .hot productsvof combustionutilized inthe preliminary heating of the 1.0; kiln. The'mainpurpose ofthe invention is to promotezeificiencym the treatment, that is, -to make use to the fullest possible degree of the heat of the -yproducts r of combustion from the kiln. Various means have been resorted to here- 1; i;;tofore for effecting the preliminary heating of the raw material prior to its introduction into the kiln. It has been proposed, for example, to cause the hot products of combustion to pass through a perforated or reticulated conveyor on which is supported the material to be heated, but obviously such procedure is practicable only when the raw material is in the form of briquettes or otherwise relatively small pieces which leave between them suflicient voids to permit .25; the passage of the combustion gases. It is inapplicable to finely ground or pulverulent material which would pack so closely as to prevent the passage of combustion gases through the mass. Through the present invention it has become ;;possible to utilize with greater efiiciency than heretofore the heat of such combustion gases in the treatment of finely ground or pulverous material. In accordance with the invention the combustion gases from the kiln are caused a 5;;to impart heat to heat transferring bodies, with which the material is thereafter brought into intimate contact and is heated thereby and from which the material so heated is separated and delivered to the kiln for further treatment go 'therein. The invention will be more fully ex- "plained hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which is illustrated a convenient and practical apparatus for the practice of the invention, and in which:

4,5 Figure 1 is a view partly in longitudinal section and partly in elevation of such an embodiment of the invention, a portion of a rotary kiln being shown as the source of hot combustion gases, and in which the material, after its 5o-preliminary heating, is subjected to further treatment.

Figure 2 is a view of the same in transverse section on the plane indicated by the broken line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detail view in section on the planeindicated by the;broken-line 3-3 of Figure,-1.- r

A portion 0f-2; kl]ll ,'f1'0ll1 which the hot prod ucts of combustion, to be utilized in the pre liminary-"heating of the material, are supplied, is indicated at a; The kiln is shown as pro vided with scoopsa 'by which, in the rotation of the kiln, the material to be treated in the kiln is introduced into the'kiln in a manner well understood in} the; arts, The hot products of combustion pass from the kiln minto a'cham h r whi ri withrterr r .o carriers b ,--by-whi eh the heated raw material is delivered, it may be, to a screw conveyer b which serves to transfer the material into a pit a from which it may be taken by the scoops a Above the chamber 2) are supported or formed one or more chambers 0, here shown as six in number. These chambers are shown as supported upon or closed at their bottoms by a horizontal wall or floor d formed with apertures 11 of such dimensions as to permit the free passage of the heated raw material without permitting the passage of or being clogged by heat transferring bodies e which are disposed in each 80,. chamber and are here shown as interlinked or in the form of chains so that they may be raised or lowered in each chamber. As shown, such interlinked heat transferring bodies are supported, in each chamber, by a frame 1 within a lateral wall g which serves a purpose to be referred to. Each frame 1 is shown as supported by a chain or cable i which passes over guide pulleys and is counterweighted, as at f so that the heat transferring bodies may be readily raised and lowered as hereinafter described.

Each chamber 0 is provided near its upper end with an outlet 0 through which the products of combustion may pass to the stack. The wall g which surrounds the frame serves, when the frame is raised to its highest position, as a means to control the passage of the products of combustion from such chamber.

The material to be treated may be delivered from a bin h, through chutes h into the several chambers c, the chutes passing through the closed tops 0 of the chambers.

In the practice of the invention it will be obvious that a single chamber 0 might be provided. In such case, the heat transmitting bodies, lowered to or toward the lowest position, as indicated at the right hand in Figure 2, and resting in mass on the apertured floor d, are first heated by the hot gases of combustion which pass from the kiln a through the cham- 111cher b and up through the apertures in the bottom of the chamber 0. When the heat transmitting bodies have thus been heated they are raised to or toward their highest position, as shownat the left hand in Figure 2. When they are raised to the highest position the wall g closes the outlet 0 from the chamber, thus preventing the further escape of the hot products of combustion from the chamber and the loss of material which would otherwise be carried into the stack with a current of hot gases.

Through manipulation of a control device, not

necessary to be shown, thematerial to be treated is then discharged into. the chamber c and,-

passing through the mass of heated bodies e, is heated in such passage, and is discharged, through the apertures d in the floor d, into the chamber b, from which it is delivered into the kiln a, through the operation of the carrier, the screw conveyor and the scoops a The subjection of the heat transmitting bodies to the hot gases of combustion and the heating of the raw material are thus'carried on in al- 7 ternation.

It is preferable, however, for the sake of efficiency to provide a plurality of chambers 0 so that the heat transmitting bodies in one chamber may be heated by the hot products of combustion while the raw material is passing through the mass of heated transmitting bodies in another chamber.

It will be understood that various changes in details of construction and arrangement of the chamber, a mass of interlinked heat transmitting bodies,.an-apertured floor to support the heat transmitting bodies in mass in the chamher and means to raise and lower the bodies vertically in the chamber, means to cause the hot products of combustion from the kiln to pass through said chamber and the mass of heat transferring bodies, and means to deliver the heated raw material from said chamber to the 2. Apparatus for the'treatment 'offl-raw mate:

rial in the manufacture' of'hydraulic cement and the like comprising a kiln, a chamberhav ing an butlet' an'd an apertured floor-to support the heat transmitting bodies in mass,- means to cause the hot products of combustion from the kiln to passthrough said chamber, a mass of interlinked transmitting bodies, means to'raise and lower the bodies in the chamber, and a closure for said outlet carried with said means.

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