US1954864A - Governor - Google Patents

Description

l. M. CRAFTS GOVERNOR April 17, 1934.

Filed Aug. 19, l21.931

y2 sheets-sheet 1 April 1 7,- 1934.

l. M. CRAFTS GOVERNOR Filed Aug. 19. 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 LJ' n Patented Apr. 17, 1934 "MTED STATES PATENT OFFICE- GUVERNOR Conn., a corporation Application august 19, 1931, serial No.' 558,071

15 Cls'.

This invention relates to an improvement in governors, and particularly to governors having a remote-control variable-speed lever, and one of the objects of this invention is to produce means for quickly changingthe tension on the governor-spring which, by means of a lever-shaft and connections, opposesthe centrifugal energy developed in the fly-Weights.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism which may be readily extended by means of' a rod, wire or other suitable appliance attached to the spring-lever and extending to a,

point more or less remote from the governor, and

by which the speed-lever may be adjusted.

A further object of the invention is to provide means other than clange of the spring-tension, to vary the operating speed.

A still further object is to provide means by which the movement of the spring from openthrottle to closed-throttle positions will produce less tension in the spring.

Another object of this invention is to provide means of transforming the oscillating motion of the fly-weights, about the axis of the main pin,

into a reciprocating motion of the sleeve, such transfer taking place with much less friction than is ordinarily experienced with the sleeve sliding along the central shaft or otherwise rigidly guided, when such movement is subjected to external forces which tend tu cramp or otherwise cause a binding action between the sleeve and its guide.

The invention consists in the construction as hereinafter described and particularly recited in the claims.

, In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a governor constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a View at right angles-thereto;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a. sectional View taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the sleeve; and

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line '1-'7 of Fig. 3.

In carrying out myinvention, I employ a governor-casing 10 and a cap 11. Mounted in the casing and supported by the cap is a governorstem 12, and preferably ball-bearings 13 will be arranged in the bottom of the casing. through which the. shaft extends.

Extending through the shaft is a transverse `governor-stem-pin 14 and on this pin, the flyweights 15 and 16 are mounted. The weight 15 has knuckles 41 and 42 and the weight 16 has knuckles 43 and 44 through which the pin 14 extends. The fly-weights are each formed with ears 17 through which pins 18 extend. Movable longitudinally on the stem isa oating sleeve 19 formed on opposite sideswith downwardly-extending lugs 20, which pass between the ears 1'? and rest upon the pins 18. The inner faces of the lugs converge downwardly and are provided with bearing-points 21 contacting loosely with faces 46 on the stem 12. In the top of the sleeve 19 is a ball-bearing collar 39.

In the cap, a spring-shaft 22 is mounted at right angles to the governor-stem or shaft 12 and to this shaft is xed a yoke 23 having rounded contacts 24 which rest on the sleeve 19 or the ball bearing therein, and this yoke is formed with a throttle-arm 25 which is connected by a link 26 with an eccentric 28 fixed to a throttle-shaft 38 mountedin the cap parallel with the shaft 22 and provided in the end extending beyond the casing with a throttle-lever 29.

Fixed to the spring-shaft 22 which extends beyond the cap, is a spring-lever 30vwith which one end oi' a governor-spring 31 is connected, the other end of the spring being coupled with a pin132 adjustably mounted in an offset 33 of a speed-lever 34, which is pivoted upon a stud 35, this lever having a projection 36 which may be connected by a rod, wire or other suitable coupling extending to a point more or less remote from the governor and by which the governor extremities are attached, that by swinging the remote variable-speed-lever in the direction required to reduce the spring-tension, the line of force along which the spring acts is tilted closer to the axis of said spring-shaft, and this change in the line of force reduces the eiect of the spring as a momenifnf force about the axis of the springshaft, thereby allowing the governor to function at a speed lower than it would function with a change in the spring-tension only. Reduction in the spring-tension plus reduction in the effective moment arm on which the spring-tension is acting, either or both, reduces the speed at which the governor functions. Reduced governor speed vinvolves reduced centrifugal force. Therefore, to

move the spring-lever from open-throttle to closed-throttle positions, a greater per cent. increase in speed is required under the slow speed condition than under, the high speed condition, when such movement produces the same amount of extension in the spring.

This construction of speed-changing mechanism is such that the movement of the governor fly-weights produces less extension in the opposing spring under slow speed conditions thanunder high speed conditions and is, therefore, a desirable feature of this construction.

The spring is adjusted to the desired tension and the outward movement of the weights lifts the sleeve and turns the shaft 22, which in turn,

is opposed by the spring 31, and this tension may be varied by the variable-speed-lever 34, which lever may be actuated by an extension rod, and provision is made at the control station for locking the rod in position, as shown in Fig. 1, the rod 47 being operatively connected in any suitable manner with an actuating rod 48 at said station. j

As the device is adjusted to reduce the maximum speed limit, a point is eventually reached' where the spring is no longer extended, the governor having passed the lower point of its ca'- pacity for controlling the mechanism. At this point, the lifting-finger 40 formed on the remotecontrol speed-lever comes in contact with the spring-lever and may be manually raised by operation of saidlever to the position which produces the required low speed. This form of control provides a means of entirely removing the eifect of the spring from the floating sleeve and fly-weights after which said sleeve and weights are freey to raise or fall depending upon the degree of centrifugal force existing in the y` weights at the speed'involved and as compared with the effect of gravity on the floating sleeve and fly-weights and thereby reduces the energy otherwise required to close the throttle when such movement is opposed 'y the force normally used as the centripetal /rce of the governor proper. Thus, in chan ing from any speed at which the spring 31 is ore or less extended and the throttle therefore under governor control to a low speed under manual control, a single movement of the lever 34 is made to accomplish two separate and distinct functions in a sequence most suitable to the purpose-rst, to reduce the tension in the spring 31 which, unless reduced, would oppose the closing of the throttle and, therefore, require greater energy to close; and

second, to manually bring the throttle to theposition required to produce the desired speed.

By permitting the sleeve to rock slightly, the angle of contact betweenthe sleeve and the boss 24 is changed and a projection of the line of force from the center of the boss 24 passing through the point of contact will fall to one side of the central point between the pins 18, thus causing a temporary overloading of the fly-weight nearest to the line of force. This overloading causes the ily-weight to move back to or beyond its original position, which in turn brings the angle of contact back toward its normalplane. This oscillating movement, although positive, is of slight magnitude, and the points 21 of the sleeve 19, being freely fitted tothe shaft 12, will permit ample movement of the sleeve 19 without cramping of the points 21.

By permitting the sleeve to 'rock slightly with respect to the governor-stem, it moves With much less friction` than is ordinarily experienced with a sleeve closely tting, and so as to slide along the shaft. The fly-weights are commonly cast from iron or other suitable material, and althoughl the unbalanced fly weights is a force applied-to the sleeve in a line transverse to the axis of the stem. The floating sleeve can'ied by thevhead is permitted to have altilting movement which 4responds to the unequal forces applied by the ily weights thereby permitting longitudinal movement of the sleeve without any cramping action due to' the lines of force above mentioned extending transverse to the axis ofthe sleeve and which are not parallel therewith.

I claim: t I

1. In a governor, the combination'with the stem thereof, of a sleeve longitudinally mvable thereon and having an enlarged opening with a point bearing upon said stem to permit rocking movement of the sleeve upon the stem, said stem carrying aA pin,.y,weights mounted on said pin and in contact with said sleeve, a yoke bearing on said sleeve, a throttle lever, connections between said yoke and said throttle-lever, a speed-lever, and a connection between. said speed lever and yoke and including a spring tensioned to oppose the force exerted by said fly-Weights.

2. A governor comprising a casing and a cap,

a governor-stem extending` .through the casing stem, ily-weights mounted on said pin,l a sleeve longitudinally movable onl said shaft and with which the weights contact, said sleeve having an enlarged opening with a point bearing upon said stem to permit rocking movement of the sleeve upon the stem, a-yoke mounted within said ca'p and bearing on said sleeve, a throttle lever, connections between saidv yoke and said throttlelever, a variable-speed-lever, and a connection between said speed lever and yoke and including a spring tensioned toroppose the force exerted by said ily-weights.

3. A governor comprising a casing and a cap, avgovernor-stem extending through the casing and supported by the cap, a pin mounted on the stem, fly-weights mounted on said pin, a sleeve longitudinally movable on said shaft and with which the weights',- contact, said sleeve having an enlarged opening with a point bearing upon said stem to permit rocking movement of the sleeve upon the stem,'a yoke bearing on said sleeve, a throttle lever, connections between said yoke and said'throttle-lever, a variable-speedlever, a connection between said lever and said yoke and including a spring tensioned to oppose the force exerted by said fly-weights, and means for adjusting the tension of the spring.A

.4. In a governor, the combinationwith a casing and a cap,ofagovernorshaft mounted in said casing and supported by said cap, a pin supported by said shaft and extending at right angles thereto, fly-weights pivotally mounted on said pin, a sleeve through which the shaft extends and with which said weights contact, said sleeve having an enlarged .opening with a point l'.

weights, and a throttle-lever also connected with' said yoke.

5. The combination in a governor having a stem, of weights pivotally mounted thereon, pins mounted in the upper ends of said weights, and a sleeve on said stem formed with lugs bearing on said pins, whereby the outward movement of the weights will raise said sleeve, means on said sleeve to permit rocking movement thereof and thereby prevent the force created by the fly weights and v which are not parallel to the axis of the stem from causing the sleeve to bind and cramp on the stem, such prevention resulting in a governor which is more sensitive and less sluggishin its operation, a throttle lever, and an operative connection between said sleeve and said throttle lever.

6. The combination in a governor having a stem, of weights pivotally mounted thereon, pins mounted in the upper ends of said weights, a sleeve on said stem formed with lugs bearing on said pins, whereby the outward movement of the weights will raise said sleeve, and the inner faces of the lugs formed -With points having bearings on said stem, means on said sleeve to permit rocking movement thereof and thereby prevent the force created by the fly weights and which are not parallel to the axis of the stem from causing the sleeve to bind and cramp on the stem, such prevention resulting in a governor which is more sensitive and less sluggish in its operation, a throttle lever, and an operative connection between said sleeve and said throttle lever.

7.'In a governor, the combination with a casing and a cap, of a stem, weights pivotally mounted thereon, pins mounted in the upper ends of said weights, a sleeve onsaid stem formed with lugs bearing on said pins, whereby the outward movement of the weights will raise said sleeve, and the inner faces of the lugs formed with points having bearings on said stern, means on said sleeve to permit rocking movement thereof and thereby prevent the force created by the fly weights and which are not parallel to the `axis of the stem from causing the sleeve to bind and cramp on the stem, such prevention resulting in a governor which is more sensitive and less sluggish in its operation, a throttle lever, and an operative connection between said sleeve and said throttle lever.

8. The combination in a governor having a stem, of weights pivotally mounted thereon, said weights formed at their upper ends with ears, a sleeve on said stem formed with lugs bearing on said weights between said ears, whereby the outward movement of the weights will raise said sleeve, and the inner faces of the lugs formed with points having bearings on said stem, means on said sleeve to permit rocking movement thereof and thereby prevent' the force created by the fly weights and which are not parallel to the axis of the stem from causing the sleeve to bind and crank on the stem, such prevention resulting in a governor which is more sensitive and less sluggish in its operation, a throttle lever, and an operative connection between said sleeve and said throttle lever. i

9. A governor including a support, a stem mounted thereon, ily-weights supported by said stern, an actuated member, aconne'ction between said fly-weights and actuated member construct'- ed to prevent the lines of variable degrees of force exerted by said ily-weights and which are not parallel with the axis of said stem from exerting a binding action upon said actuated member, and a throttle lever operatively connected with said actuated member.

10. A governor including a support, a stem mounted thereon, ily-weights supported by said stem, a pivotally mounted actuated member extending across the ends of said fly-weights, a connection between said y-Weights and actuated member constructed to prevent the lines of 'variable degrees of force exerted by said ily-Weights and which are not parallel with the axis of said stem from exerting a binding action upon said actuated member, and a throttle lever operatively connected with said actuated member. l

11. A governor including "a support, a stem mounted thereon, fly-weights supported 'by said stem, an actuated member, a sleeve mounted for longitudinal movement on said stem and having an opening with reduced points for contact with said stem to permit rocking movement thereof Y and thereby prevent the lines of variable degrees of force created by said y-weights and which are not parallel with the axis of said stem from exerting a binding action upon said sleeve, said sleeve being engaged with said actuated member, and an operative connection between said actuated member and a throttle lever.

12. A governor including a support, a stem mounted thereon, fly-weights supported by said stem, an actuated member, a sleeve longitudinally movable on said stem and operatively connected with said ily-weights for movement thereby, said sleeve having an enlarged opening with reduced contact points for engagement with said stem, a ball bearing mounted in said opening for contact with said actuated member, said bearing having an enlarged opening for said stem to permit rocking movement of the sleeve to prevent the lines of variable degrees of force created by said flyweights and which are not parallel with the axis of said stem from exerting a'binding action upon said sleeve, and a throttle lever operatively connected with said actuated member.

13. A governor including a support, a stem mounted thereon, ily-Weights supported by said stem, an actuated member, a connection between said fly-weights and actuated member to prevent the lines of variable degrees of force created by said fly-weights and which are not parallel with the axis of said stein from exerting a binding action upon said actuated member, a throttle lever operatively connected with said actuated member, and a spring connected with said actuated member to resist `movement thereof from force applied by said fly-weights. I

14. In a governor the combination with the stem thereof of a sleeve longitudinally movable thereon, fly weights pivotally mounted on said stem for engagement with said sleeve whereby the outward movement of the fly weights will raise the sleeve, means on said sleeve to permit rocking movement thereof and thereby prevent the forces created by the .fly weights and which are not parallel to the axis of the stem from causing the sleeve to bind and cramp on the stem, such prevention resulting in a govuernor which is more sensitive and less sluggish in its operation, a throttle lever, and an operative connection between said sleeve and throttle lever.

15. In a governor the combination with the stem thereof of a sleeve longitudinally movable thereon, fly weights pivotally mounted on said stem for engagement with said sleeve whereby the outward movement of the y weights will raise the sleeve, said sleeve having an enlarged tapered opening creating bearing points for the sleeve upon the stein to prevent the forces created by the l 5 y weights and which are not parallel with the axis of the stem from causing the sleeveA to bind

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